Zhi Chen's research while affiliated with Concordia University Montreal and other places
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Publications (164)
IoT-based Sensors networks play a pivotal role in improving air quality monitoring in the Middle East. They provide real-time data, enabling precise tracking of pollution trends, informed decision-making, and increased public awareness. Air quality and dust pollution in the Middle East region may leads to various health issues, particularly among v...
Cr(VI) has been a carcinogen for organisms and a hazard to human health throughout the food chain. To explore a cost-effective and efficient method for removing Cr(VI), a Cr-resistant strain named LBA108 was isolated from the soil of a molybdenum-lead mining area. It was identified as Microbacterium through biochemical tests and 16S rDNA sequence a...
Upland soils constitute the second largest and the only manageable methane (CH4) sink, yet current estimations remain substantially uncertain. This review identifies the primary sources of model uncertainties and emphasize the need for improved model accuracy and necessary comprehensiveness to better estimate upland soil CH4 uptake under global cha...
Using activated-carbon-based electrodes derived from waste biomass in super-capacitor energy technologies is an essential future strategy to achieve sustainable energy and environmental protection. Biomass feed-stocks such as bamboo and straw have been used to prepare activated carbon-based electrodes. This experiment used peanut shells (waste biom...
The increasing atmospheric nitrous oxide (N2O) concentration stems from the development of agriculture. However, N2O emissions from global rice‐based ecosystems have not been explicitly and systematically quantified. Therefore, this study aims to estimate the spatiotemporal magnitudes of the N2O emissions from global rice‐based ecosystems and deter...
In remote communities of Canada, diesel is the primary source of electricity and heat. Promoting sustainable and diverse means of heat and power generation is essential to providing reliable and less carbon-intensive energy supply to remote communities. Among renewable energy sources in Canada, biomass is a major source of energy, with wood pellets...
Climate change is a growing threat to civilization. The major anthropogenic greenhouse gas is CO2, which is emitted principally from the combustion of mineral hydrocarbons. By 2100, the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere is expected to rise twofold due to increased vehicular emissions, deforestation, chemical processes, and fossil fuel-fired po...
Estuaries are one of the primary pathways for transferring microplastics (MPs) from the land to the ocean. A comprehensive understanding of the load, morphological characteristics, driving factors, and potential risks of MPs in estuaries is imperative to inform reliable management in this critical transboundary area. Extracted from 135 publications...
In the present study, the infiltration and resuspension of microplastics (MPs) in a slope substrate under the influence of repeated tidal forces were investigated using a tidal tank. In the scenario in which MPs were placed on the top of the slope, increasing numbers of particles were observed on the water surface with the increase in tidal cycles....
Aims:
To screen heavy metal-tolerant strains from heavy metal-contaminated soil in mining areas and determine the tolerance of the strains to different heavy metals and their removal rates through experiments.
Methods:
Mercury-resistant strain LBA119 was isolated from mercury-contaminated soil samples in Luanchuan County, Henan Province, China....
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are halogenated organic compounds that are among the major pollutants of water, and there is an urgent need for their removal. This work compared the application of two techniques, i.e., photocatalytic reaction (PCR) and photolysis (PL), for 2,2,4,4- tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) degradation. Although a li...
Water scarcity is exacerbating in many regions across North America because of climate change compounded by population growth, overexploitation of freshwater resources, and lack of proper management. Considering the regional urgency, there is an immense need to find more equitable solutions for water management. Therefore, this paper aims to examin...
An Oil Spill Modeling Tool (OSMT) has been developed in this study to predict the transport and fate of oil spills resulting from surface releases. Particularly, the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence method is adopted as a performance metric for the first time to formulate a calibration framework for spill trajectory prediction (STP) from the Lagran...
The presence of plastic fragments in the environment is a growing global concern. In this study, we explored the effects of dynamic fluctuations of capillary fringe on the transport of microplastics (MPs) in the substrate combining various environmental and MP properties. Both experimental and Hydrus-2D modeling results confirmed that increasing cy...
Source identification plays a vital role in implementing control measures for sudden river pollution incidents. In contrast to single-point source identification problems, there have been no investigations into inverse identification of multi-point emissions. In this study, an inverse model is developed based on the observed time series of pollutan...
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in urban areas are of great interest due to their significant role in forming ground-level ozone and adverse public health effects. Emission inventories usually compile the outdoor VOCs emission sources (e.g., traffic and industrial emissions). However, considering emissions from volatile chemical products (e.g., s...
Aims: To screen heavy metal-tolerant strains from heavy metal-contaminated soil in mining areas and determine the tolerance of the strains to different heavy metals and their removal rates through experiments.
Methods: Mercury-resistant strain LBA119 was isolated from mercury-contaminated soil samples in Luanchuan County, Henan Province, China.The...
Understanding the fate and behavior of spilled oil on the shoreline is crucial for helping decision-makers make trade-offs between natural attenuation and shoreline treatments. In this study, primary processes of oil attenuation and translocation on the shoreline, including penetration, washout, and biodegradation, have been considered to develop a...
Spill trajectory prediction (STP) is essential to decision-making support for oil pollution preparedness and response. An Oil Spill Modeling Tool (OSMT) has been developed in this study to predict the transport and fate of oil spills from surface releases. Particularly, the Kullback-Leibler (KL) divergence method is adopted as a performance metric...
Oil spill incidents frequently cause serious impacts on the ecosystem, society, and economy. To cope with this problem, the use of phase-selective organogelators (PSOGs) has been developed in recent years as a promising oil spill response tool, which can congeal oils from biphasic systems, accelerating oil removal and recovery and reducing impacts...
Emissions of atmospheric pollutants are rapidly increasing over South Asia. A greater understanding of seasonal variability in aerosol concentrations over South Asia is a scientific challenge and has consequences due to a lack of monitoring and modelling of air pollutants. Therefore, this study investigates aerosol patterns and trends over some maj...
The pollution of aquatic environments by polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) has attracted considerable research interest in recent years. Photocatalysis, a well-established degradation technique, can be implemented to decompose PBDE congeners. Photocatalytic debromination is deemed to be the most applied method for the disintegration of PBDEs....
Climate change has been observed worldwide in recent decades, posing challenges to the coastal and offshore oil and gas infrastructure. It is crucial to identify how climate change affects these infrastructures and the associated oil spill risk. This paper provides an analysis of the vulnerability of coastal and offshore oil and gas infrastructure...
Mineral fines act a pivotal part in determining the fate and behavior of oil. In this study, the infiltrations of oil emulsion in simulated sediments and natural shoreline sediments were investigated using a fixed bed experiment. Oil infiltration process was simulated based on fixed-bed dispersion model. The role of mineral fines in oil release was...
Tidal zones providing habitats are particularly vulnerable to microplastic (MP) pollution. In this study, the effects of tidal cycles on the transport of MPs (4-6 μm polyethylene, PE1; 125 μm polyethylene, PE2; and 5-6 μm polytetrafluoroethylene, PFTE) in porous media combined with various environmental and MPs properties were systemically investig...
Oil spills are of great concern because they impose a threat to the marine ecosystem, including shorelines. As oil spilled at sea is transported to the shoreline, and after its arrival, its behavior and physicochemical characteristics change because of natural weathering phenomena. Additionally, the fate of the oil depends on shoreline type, tidal...
In response to oil spills, it is imperative to develop efficient and eco-friendly sorbent materials. Oil remediation techniques are limited, prompting researchers to look into using nanotechnology for oil cleanup. Therefore, magnetic Fe3O4 composite nanoparticles (MNPs) were synthesized by the chemical co-precipitation method. The MNPs were then co...
Coal is expected to remain a significant power supply source worldwide and shifting to carbon-neutral fuels will be challenging because of growing electricity demand and booming industrialization. At the same time, coal consumption results in severe air pollution and health concerns. Improvement in emission control technologies is a key to improvin...
With the increase in global population, industrialization, and urbanization, waste from construction, renovation, and demolition (CRD) activities has grown rapidly. There are some issues associated with the disposal of CRD waste in landfills. Depositing in landfills is still the main method for CRD waste disposal from the global perspective. The ob...
Azo dyes bio-decolorization produces aromatic amines, which are toxic to microorganisms and affect microbial activity. In this paper, the protective effect of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) on the azo dyes bio-decolorization and the mechanism were investigated. The bio-decolorization rate of direct lake blue in 0.5 mM β-CD supply system was increased by 1.3...
The release and transport of benzene in coastal aquifers were investigated in the present study. Numerical simulations were implemented using the SEAM3D, coupled with GMS, to study the behavior of benzene in the subsurface of tidally influenced beaches. The transport and fate of the benzene plume were simulated, considering advection, dispersion, s...
This paper presents a novel numerical environmental multimedia modeling system (RNEMM) for assessing the environmental fate of emerging organic contaminants and their relative health risk at a regional scale. The RNEMM is developed based on an integrated numerical algorithm that comprises four sub-models: a river network simulation module, a gaseou...
COVID-19 is deemed as the most critical world health calamity of the 21st century, leading to dramatic life loss. There is a pressing need to understand the multi-stage dynamics, including transmission routes of the virus and environmental conditions due to the possibility of multiple waves of COVID-19 in the future. In this paper, a systematic exa...
Intrinsically conductive polymers, polyaniline and polyaniline sulfonate (PASAni) were used to explore their effect on denitrification. Denitrification was accelerated 1.90 times by 2 mM PASAni and the possible mechanisms were mainly attributed to the accelerated electron transfer and the enhanced microbial metabolism activity. Intracellular electr...
A laboratory-scale sulfur autotrophic reactor (SAR) was first constructed for treating tellurite [Te(IV)] wastewater. The SAR had excellent Te(IV) bioreduction efficiency (90-96%) at 5-30 mg/L and conformed to the First-order kinetic model. The Te(IV) bioreduction was elaborated deeply from extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) functions, microb...
Industrial expansion and increased water consumption have created water scarcity concerns. Meanwhile, conventional wastewater purification methods have failed to degrade recalcitrant pollutants efficiently. The present review paper discusses the recent advances and challenges in photocatalytic processes applied for industrial effluents treatment, w...
The performance and mechanism of denitrification enhanced by three clay minerals, montmorillonite (Mmt), illite and kaolinite, were first studied. Batch experiments indicated that clay minerals significantly enhanced denitrification at certain concentrations (0.1–1 g/L). The denitrification rate with 1 g/L Mmt was increased by 5.0-fold. The mechani...
Recovery of oil spilled on surface waters by the use of sorbents remains one of the primary oil spill response options available. To improve on this response measure, we have successfully fabricated an activated char (AC) sorbent material by pyrolysis of sewage sludge (SS), a readily available waste product generated across the world from wastewate...
An effective technique for improving electrochemical efficiency is to rationally design hierarchical nanostructures that completely optimize the advantages of single components and establish an interfacial effect between structures. In this study, core–shell NiMoO 4 @Ni 9 S 8 /MoS 2 hetero-structured nanorods are prepared via a facile hydrothermal...
Coastal environment is one of the most important ecological and socioeconomic areas. However, increasing energy demand and economic development lead to a continuous gas and oil exploration, production, and traffics, which notably raise the risk of oil spill accidents in coastal areas. Sensitivity assessment aiming to determine the coastal features...
Designing economic and efficient electrocatalysts for both oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is desired to produce green hydrogen through electrochemical water splitting. Herein, a Ni9S8/MoS2 decorated NiMoO4 nanorod heterostructure (Ni9S8/MoS2@NiMoO4) is successfully developed via a facile hydrothermal process f...
Due to the concerns about the depletion of fossil fuel sources and the deteriorating environment, the attempt to investigate the production of renewable energy will play a crucial role as a potential to alleviate the dependency on mineral fuels. One particular area of interest is generation of bio-oil through sewage sludge (SS) pyrolysis. SS can be...
Understanding the interactions between oil and other particles in shoreline can help determine the environmental risk and cleanup strategy after oil spill. Nevertheless, far less has been known regarding the impact of aged MPs on oil behavior in the shoreline environment. In this study, the aging course of polyethylene (PE) in shaking seawater and...
Perchlorate (ClO4⁻) industrial wastewater requires efficient removal to prevent adverse environmental impacts, however, high concentration and low biodegradability give rise to poor ClO4⁻ bioreduction performance. S²⁻-autotrophic granular sludge (S²⁻-AuGS) was firstly cultivated for high concentration perchlorate (ClO4⁻) removal in the Upflow Anaero...
The shorelines frequently suffer adverse impacts from oil spill accidents. As one important technique of shoreline cleanup, the application of surface washing agents (SWAs) can help achieve high oil removal from shoreline substrates with less damage to affected zone. In this study, a framework for evaluation and selection of SWAs in oil spill incid...
Marine oil spills pose a significant threat to ocean and coastal ecosystems. In addition to costs incurred by response activities, an economic burden could be experienced by stakeholders dependent on coastal resources. Decision support tools for oil spill response (OSR-DSTs) have been playing an important role during oil spill response operations....
The catalytic effects of HZSM5 and sludge-derived activated char (AC) on thermal decomposition of sewage sludge (SS) were invested in the present work. The outcomes including thermal behaviour, kinetic study, and evolution of pyrolysis gases during non-catalytic and catalytic pyrolysis were comparatively examined. The results revealed that the cata...
Identification of pollution point source in rivers is strenuous due to accidental chemical spills or unmanaged wastewater discharges. It is crucial to take physical characteristics into account in the estimation of pollution sources. In this study, an integrated inverse modeling framework is developed to identify a point source of accidental water...
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The coastal waters of Canada embrace a wide range of physical environments and ecosystems from the warm, sediment-rich waters of the Bay of Fundy to the nutrient-limited cold waters of the high Arctic. This range of biophysical characteristics impacts natural attenuation and weathering processes for oil stranded on shorelines. This study w...
Despite advances in technology and safety measures, accidental releases of crude oil and refined products into marine and freshwater environments remains a major environmental concern. To minimize the impacts of future spills on our aquatic ecosystems and human health, numerous studies have been refocused on the development of novel approaches to r...
In this study, electron transfer capability and mechanisms the porphyrin ring in metalloporphyrins were explored through the performance of tetraphenylporphyrin tetrasulfonic acid (TPPS) in denitrification system. The calculation of frontier orbitals of hemin, chlorophyll c and TPPS indicated the great importance of the porphyrin ring in metallopor...
Lithium‐ion batteries are the predominant energy storage devices for portable electronic devices and hold great promise for renewable energies and sustainability. High capacity and long‐life anode materials are highly desired for the next‐generation Li‐ion battery with high energy density. Herein, a high‐performance anode electrode constructed with...
In a lab-scale anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) with eight compartments, the heterotrophic and sulfur autotrophic processes were combined to remove perchlorate. And then, the step-feeding distribution ratio of the heterotrophic perchlorate reduction unit (HPR unit) was optimized to achieve efficient removal of high concentration perchlorate. Under t...
In this paper, an environmental multimedia modeling system (EMMS) that combines a risk assessment with a Monte Carlo method (MCM) was used to explore the interaction between groundwater and surface water with respect to chemical exposure and risk. The EMMS-MCM simulations incorporated several key influencing factors that are inherent in traditional...
In this study, the single-stage partial denitrification-anammox (PD-A) process was started-up in 22 days in a lab-scale up-flow sludge blanket (UASB) reactor to treat wastewater containing NH4⁺-N and NO3⁻-N simultaneously. The TN removal rate reached 97.08% with a low effluent TN of 10 mg/L. High-throughput sequencing results revealed the dominant...
Lincomycin (LIN), as a waterborne contaminant, may pose a threat to algal health and may affect the provision of ecosystem services. In addition, the molecular mechanisms of lincomycin in algae are still unknown. Here, we attempted to use the transcriptome analysis to elucidate for the first time the potential impact of LIN at an environmentally re...
Rational design and development of cost-effective, highly active and durable bifunctional electrocatalysts towards oxygen redox reactions is of critical importance but great challenge for the broad implementation of next-generation metal-air batteries for electric transportation. Herein, a high-performance electrocatalyst of cobalt and zinc sulfide...
With the discovery of the synergy of photosensitizers and non-photosynthetic bacteria under visible light, a new solar-driven biological wastewater treatment (SDBWT) technology is proposed and reviewed as a promising sustainable wastewater treatment technology. The SDBWT can take advantage of photosensitizers acting as a bridge to capture energy fr...
The effect of various non-quinone redox mediators (NQ-RMs) on the enhancement of perchlorate bioreduction were investigated in this study, with analysis of the structure-activity relationship and mechanism. In the presence of Netural Red (NR), Riboflavin, Meso-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS), Meso-Tetraphenylporphyrin (TPP) and 5,10,1...
Sequestration of soil organic carbon (SOC) is regarded as a promising approach to offset global CO2 emissions. Deep tillage (DT) can alleviate high soil strength, influencing both the surface and subsoil carbon pools either directly or indirectly. However, field studies on the benefits of DT to SOC remain inconclusive, and comprehensive quantitativ...
This study investigates, for the first time, the thermal behaviors, kinetics and thermodynamics of sewage sludge (SS) and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and their blends during co-pyrolysis. SS and LDPE co-pyrolysis were examined through thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) using different mixtures and multiple heating rates method. A positive interac...
Accidental oil spills in ocean may occur during exploration, production, transportation and use. The spilled oil frequently reaches shoreline where it may harm more or less the ecosystem depending on the physicochemical properties of spilled oil. Here, we review the physicochemical behavior of petroleum hydrocarbons, such as crude oil and refined p...
To assess the performance and the impact of nutrient discharges of the wetland on the receiving river, the Hydrologic Engineering Centers River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) and the River and Stream Water Quality (QUAL2K) models are examined in this study to evaluate a constructed wetland in the City of Edmonton in Canada. According to the simulation r...
Macrolide antibiotics are common contaminants in the aquatic environment. They are toxic to a wide range of primary producers, inhibiting the algal growth and further hindering the delivery of several ecosystem services. Yet the molecular mechanisms of macrolides in algae remain undetermined. The objectives of this study were therefore to: 1. evalu...
The release of highly toxic tellurite into the aquatic environment poses significant environmental risks. The acceleration mechanism and tellurium nanorods (TeNPs) characteristics with bioavailable ferric citrate (Fe(III)) were investigated in the tellurite (Te(IV)) bioreduction. Experiments showed that 5 mM Fe(III) increased the Te(IV) bioreductio...
Oil spills in the marine environment frequently reach the coastal zone where active cleanup strategies may become necessary if the rates of natural weathering and attenuation of the stranded oil are considered inadequate. The application of surface washing agents (SWAs) is an operational technique that enhances the separation and removal of oil tha...
In this study, the environmental multimedia model (EMM) is extended for assessing the heavy metal in a contaminated site. Using numerical analysis, the EMM is advanced as a numerical EMM system (NEMMS) including three computational modules for the source zone, unsaturated zone, and groundwater zone. The NEMMS incorporates a finite-difference method...
In tubular reactors, the pressure drop can be decreased, and the heat transfer can be enhanced by coating the catalyst on its inner-wall when compared with the performance of fixed-bed types. This study focused on preparing catalyst coatings in capillary tubes for hydrocarbon cracking. The effect of pretreatment processes on the physicochemical pro...
The environmental risks of the sulfonamide antibiotics have attracted much attention recently. In this study, the inhibition effects of sulfadiazine (SDZ) on denitrification electron transfer system (ETS) and ameliorative mechanisms of phosphomolybdic acid (PMo12) were first explored. When denitrification was under 2 mg/L SDZ stress, experiments in...
The redox-active sulfonated porphyrin meso-tetrakis (4-sulfonatophenyl) porphyrin (TPPS) was novelly proposed to facilitate the mediated electron transfer (MET) of the otherwise time-consuming selenite (Se(IV)) bioreduction. TPPS (0.2 mM) increased the Se(IV) (39.5 ± 1.0 mg∙L⁻¹) bioreduction rate by Shewanella oneidensis·MR-1 by 4- to 5-fold. UV–vi...
Electrocatalysts for oxygen reactions play a vital role in the applications of energy conversion devices, such as fuel cells, water splitting and metal-air batteries. Developing novel non-precious bifunctional electrocatalysts is particularly essential for improved-performance metal-air batteries by overcoming sluggish oxygen reactions. Herein, we...
The distribution and persistence of oil within the matrix of a beach depends on the oil and beach properties, the presence of fines in the water column, and beach hydrodynamics and biochemistry. In this review, we attempted to provide an assessment of the journey of oil from offshore oil spills until it deposits within beaches. In particular, we ad...
The selection of a best alternative method to minimize air pollution and energy consumption for mine sites is a critical task because it encompasses evaluation of different techniques. The aim of this paper is to select most suitable technology for mining system which helps in reducing air pollution and carbon footprints by implementing the multicr...
Open-pit metal mines contribute toward air pollution and without effective control techniques manifests the risk of violation of environmental guidelines. This paper establishes a stochastic approach to conceptualize the air pollution control model to attain a sustainable solution. The model is formulated for decision makers to select the least cos...
A biological aerated filter (BAF) with sulfur and pyrite as fillers were structured to simultaneously remove NH4+-N, NO3--N and PO43--P from secondary effluent. When dissolved oxygen (DO) was 1.2-1.5 mg/L, effluent concentration of NH4+-N, NO3--N and PO43--P were below 0.65, 0.47 and 0.18 mg/L, respectively. Meanwhile, Fe2+ production via decomposi...
Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were used to study the thermodynamic properties of asphalt binder components, namely asphaltene, and other solvents, such as pentane or toluene, before and after adding pentane or toluene. The two systems were compared by MD simulation under lots of molecules, temperature and pressure to predict their internal en...
Polyoxometalates (POMs) used in chemical catalysis field were first explored their effect on the denitrification process. Experiments demonstrated that NO3--N reduction rate with 0.05 mM phosphomolybdic acid (PMo12) was approximately 3.93-fold higher than the PMo12-free system. Simultaneously, PMo12 also had positive effect on NO2--N reduction. Com...
In this paper, a regional spatial environmental multimedia modeling (RSEMM) approach is developed based on the integration of an environmental multimedia method (EMM) and a numerical water quality model. Emissions, inter-media mass transfer, physical transport and degradation processes are considered in the modeling system. The RSEMM approach is ap...
Citations
... Sadaghiani et al. studied the usage of wood pellets as a sustainable heat source compared to the use of diesel as a primary source of electricity and heat in remote communities in Canada. Their LCA results indicate that the major impact categories affected by transport are ozone depletion, ecotoxicity, and global warming [43]. ...
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... 2017b; Hossain et al. 2023). Therefore, the environmental behavior of MPs has attracted global attention (Zhou et al. 2020;Feng et al. 2023). ...
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... The usage of CO2 derived graphene References Adsorption capacity Adsorbents for water purification, membrane filter [166][167][168][169][170][171] Composite materials in automotive and aerospace industry ...
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... • Volatilization of the contaminant: Bacteria possessing the mer operon are able to reduce Hg from Hg 2+ to volatile Hg 0 (Tanwer et al. 2022;Yadav et al. 2023;Yao et al. 2023). The mer operon codes for a mercuroreductase (merA), an organomercuric lyase (merB), a periplasmic protein for environmental Hg uptake (merP), inner membrane proteins related to Hg 2+ transport (merT, merC, merE, merF and merG) and operon system regulatory proteins and expression (merR and merD) (Gionfriddo et al. 2020). ...
... Sponges are an inexpensive and three-dimensional porous material with a large surface area, making them ideal for oil-water separation [9,10]. Researchers have modified sponges using various approaches to enhance their hydrophobicity and superhydrophobicity [11][12][13][14]. ...
... Climate change poses a significant global challenge in the 21st century, manifesting as glacier melting, temperature variability, and diminishing freshwater resources [1,2]. The rise in global average temperatures by 0.87 degrees Celsius has resulted in sea level increases ranging from 52 to 98 cm. ...
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... The GNOME model, developed by NOAA's Hazardous Materials Response Division, integrates environmental influences such as winds, currents, and tides to simulate oil spill trajectories and supports decision-making in spill incidents (MacFadyen and Barker 2016;Pradhan et al. 2021;Hussein 2021;Engha Isah and Anifowose 2021;Balogun et al. 2021). Using local data like bathymetry, GNOME precisely predicts oil dispersion and tracks the physical and chemical transformations of oil on the sea surface (Yang et al. 2023;Keramea et al. 2021;Jacketti et al. 2021;Pradhan et al. 2022;Zodiatis et al. 2022;Abdallah and Chantsev 2022;Tohnain 2021). The Regional Organization for the Protection of the Marine Environment (ROPME) effectively uses GNOME to manage oil spills across the Gulf of Oman and Persian Gulf, a semi-enclosed area known as the ROPME Sea Area (RSA), which is notably shallow and spans approximately 239,000 km 2 (Ghaemi et al. 2021(Ghaemi et al. , 2022Bateni et al. 2022;Mehrfar et al. 2023). ...
... ring the experiment, thereby exposing additional contaminated soil to hydrologic disruption, similar to the condition found in aquifer recharge. The change in the water table height could saturate or drain pores, thereby introducing or collapsing air-water interfaces in the pores and releasing colloids from the affected areas (Aramrak et al., 2014;Q. Q. Feng et al., 2023;Winter et al., 2015). Thus, the pore scale processes near the capillary fringe could undergo simultaneous changes in flow, air-water interface disruption, and reconnection of saturated pores or draining of the same. When the water table rises due to a sudden increase in inflow, we anticipate the capillary 5. Fluctuation in the groundwate ...
... VOCs are defined as organic substances with low boiling points (50-100 • C to 240-260 • C), present in gaseous form at ambient conditions (EPA 2023). Accumulation of VOCs in poorly ventilated indoor spaces raises concern about their impact on human health (Adamová et al. 2020;Asif et al. 2022;Alapieti et al. 2020). As a result, the assessment of indoor air quality has become increasingly important, considering that human exposure to VOCs depends on their concentration in indoor environments (Kotzias 2021). ...
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... Statistical methods dedicated to the broad field of uncertainty analysis can be divided into six classes: Monte Carlo sampling, response surface-based methods including polynomial chaos expansion and machine learning, multi-model approaches, Bayesian statistics, multi-criteria analysis, and least-squares-based inverse modelling [614]. Methods successfully applied in water-related studies include generalised likelihood uncertainty estimation (GLUE) [616,617], differential adaptive evolution (DREAM) [532,618], parameter estimation code (PEST) [619,620], the Bayesian approach including total error analysis (BATEA) [621][622][623][624][625] and multi-objective analysis [626,627], machine learning methods [628], and the Null-Space Monte Carlo method (NSMC) [629,630]. Some helpful guidelines for successful calibration and uncertainty analysis, even under the pressure of climate change, can be found in the work of Mai [631]. ...
