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Parameter extraction of floating solar PV system with war strategy optimization for sustainable cleaner generation

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Nimesh Kumar Singh at Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad
Nimesh Kumar Singh
Anik Goswami at VIT University
Anik Goswami
Pradip Kumar Sadhu at Indian Institute of Technology (ISM) Dhanbad
Pradip Kumar Sadhu
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Abstract and Figures

FSPV (Floating Solar Photovoltaic) is an emerging type of solar energy that aims to help the environment. Since the technology is new, it is not easy to examine the long-term performance, effective control, and feasibility studies of FSPV facilities. The calculation of FSPV panel parameters is crucial in evaluating the actual performance, long-term operation, feasibility, and carbon-saving capacity of FSPV systems. The algorithm of war strategy optimization is used for the parameter estimation of the single-diode model of FSPV. Furthermore, FSPV decreases the environmental impacts of land-based PV (LBPV) plants, such as deforestation for land clearance to install panels. The WSO method outperforms war gradient-based optimization (GBO) and Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) regarding effectiveness and accuracy. The WSO method is more effective and accurate than gradient-based optimization (GBO) and Harris Hawks optimization (HHO), with a standard deviation of 3.74387E–17 and a mean of 7.72985E–04.
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TECHNICAL PAPER
Parameter extraction of floating solar PV system with war strategy
optimization for sustainable cleaner generation
Nimesh Kumar Singh
1
•Anik Goswami
1,2
•Pradip Kumar Sadhu
1
Received: 15 December 2022 / Accepted: 24 October 2023 / Published online: 20 November 2023
ÓThe Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023
Abstract
FSPV (Floating Solar Photovoltaic) is an emerging type of solar energy that aims to help the environment. Since the
technology is new, it is not easy to examine the long-term performance, effective control, and feasibility studies of FSPV
facilities. The calculation of FSPV panel parameters is crucial in evaluating the actual performance, long-term operation,
feasibility, and carbon-saving capacity of FSPV systems. The algorithm of war strategy optimization is used for the
parameter estimation of the single-diode model of FSPV. Furthermore, FSPV decreases the environmental impacts of land-
based PV (LBPV) plants, such as deforestation for land clearance to install panels. The WSO method outperforms war
gradient-based optimization (GBO) and Harris Hawks Optimization (HHO) regarding effectiveness and accuracy. The
WSO method is more effective and accurate than gradient-based optimization (GBO) and Harris Hawks optimization
(HHO), with a standard deviation of 3.74387E–17 and a mean of 7.72985E–04.
1 Introduction
Electricity is one of the most remarkable and life-changing
inventions ever created by humans, revolutionizing life in
the modern period. However, the rising demand for elec-
tricity due to urbanization and industrialization resulted in
a supply–demand disparity and aggravated the global
environmental condition (Assareh et al. 2022). Electricity
is generally generated using fossil fuels, which are limited
in nature, causing fast depletion while increasing pollution
and global warming. The emission of greenhouse gases
(GHG) is rising, which is concerning. The use of alternate
energy generation sources can help to reduce GHG emis-
sions. Renewable energy resources are known for their
availability and green nature and can be utilized as an
alternative to fossil fuels (Usman et al. 2022). Solar pho-
tovoltaic is a leading contender in the market among all
renewable energy resources due to its adaptability. PV
systems harness solar energy and convert it to electrical
energy via PV cells (Sampaio and Gonza
´lez 2017).
Although solar power plants are rapidly expanding, one of
the major drawbacks is the scarcity of land in densely
populated nations such as Bangladesh, India, and China.
The cost of establishing sizeable solar PV systems rises
because they require a significant land area. The cost of the
land influences the Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE).
Therefore, as land prices rise, so does the LCOE (Abdallah
et al. 2022). This problem can be addressed by installing
FSPV power plants. FSPV plants are located on the surface
of the water, eliminating land acquisition and enhancing
performance. FSPV systems are designed to operate on the
surface of the reservoirs where the temperature remains
low, lowering module temperature and increasing effi-
ciency by 8–10% (Sukarso and Kim 2020). The enhance-
ment in efficiency leads to more power output from solar
PV plants. Goswami et al. (2019) evaluated the feasibility
of a 10 MW FSPV plant, concluding that the LCOE of
FSPV is less than that of Land Based PV (LBPV) power
plant. Lower LCOE implies power availability at a rea-
sonable rate, which is essential for developing nations to
achieve their progress. Since the FSPV technology is new
and in its nascent stage, very little research has been done
in the field of parameter extraction for FSPV modules.
Precise modeling of the FSPV module is necessary for
enhanced design, efficient control systems, increasing
efficiency, and improving assessment systems of FSPV
systems.
&Nimesh Kumar Singh
nimesh.19dr0100@ee.iitism.ac.in
1
Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology (ISM), Dhanbad, Jharkhand 826004, India
2
University of Engineering and Management, Kolkata,
West Bengal 700160, India
123
Microsystem Technologies (2024) 30:481–488
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00542-023-05555-1(0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV)
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