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Spectral, structural, mechanical, linear, and nonlinear optical properties of L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate magnesium sulphate (LCHMS) single crystals synthesized by slow evaporation method

Authors:
M. Shalini at Government Arts College, Kumbakonam
M. Shalini
M. Meena at Government Arts College, Kumbakonam
M. Meena
R. S. Sundararajan at Government Arts College, Kumbakonam
R. S. Sundararajan
B. Samuel Ebinezer at Government Arts College, Kumbakonam
B. Samuel Ebinezer
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Abstract and Figures

Using a slow evaporation process, a crystal of L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate magnesium sulphate (LCHMS) was produced at room temperature. The generated LCHMS crystal’s presence in the monoclinic system with the space group C2/c and cell dimensions a = 10.10 Å, b = 7.22 Å, c = 24.44 Å and α = γ = 90°, β = 98.13° is confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Using infrared spectral analyses, the functional groups contained in the crystal were explored. Calculated from the UV–Vis–NIR spectral data, the lower cut-off wavelength, optical bandgap, and Urbach energy are determined to be 233 nm, 5.32 eV, and 0.31304, respectively. The crystal has a higher laser damage threshold of 17.34 GW/cm² and an emission peak in the blue area. The frequency changes in the dielectric profile were used to calculate the electrical characteristics of the formed crystal. The effect of compounds on the surface morphology of LCHMS crystals was studied using SEM. To find out about the elements that are present in crystals, an EDAX analysis was employed. According to the hardness research, the material has Meyer’s index of 2.5, indicating that it falls into the soft crystal group. Using a conventional Z-scan technique, the optical limiting threshold (3.52 × 10¹² W/m²) action and optical nonlinearity nonlinear absorption coefficient (0.9 × 10⁻¹⁰ m/W) of the formed crystal were precisely determined.
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Vol.:(0123456789)
hps://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-023-11502-7
J Mater Sci: Mater Electron (2023) 34:2058
Spectral, structural, mechanical, linear,
andnonlinear optical properties ofL‑cysteine
hydrochloride monohydrate magnesium sulphate
(LCHMS) single crystals synthesized byslow
evaporation method
M.Shalini1,* , M.Meena1, R.S.Sundararajan1, B.SamuelEbinezer1,and T.C.SabariGirisun2
1 Department ofPhysics, Government Arts College (Autonomous) Kumbakonam - 612 002, Aliated toBharathidasan University,
Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu620024, India
2 Nanophotonics Laboratory, Department ofPhysics, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, TamilNadu620024, India
ABSTRACT
Using a slow evaporation process, a crystal of L-cysteine hydrochloride mono-
hydrate magnesium sulphate (LCHMS) was produced at room temperature. The
generated LCHMS crystal’s presence in the monoclinic system with the space
group C2/c and cell dimensions a = 10.10 Å, b = 7.22 Å, c = 24.44 Å and α = γ = 90°,
β = 98.13° is conrmed by single-crystal X-ray diraction analysis. Using infrared
spectral analyses, the functional groups contained in the crystal were explored.
Calculated from the UV–Vis–NIR spectral data, the lower cut-o wavelength,
optical bandgap, and Urbach energy are determined to be 233 nm, 5.32 eV, and
0.31304, respectively. The crystal has a higher laser damage threshold of 17.34
GW/cm2 and an emission peak in the blue area. The frequency changes in the
dielectric prole were used to calculate the electrical characteristics of the formed
crystal. The eect of compounds on the surface morphology of LCHMS crys-
tals was studied using SEM. To nd out about the elements that are present in
crystals, an EDAX analysis was employed. According to the hardness research,
the material has Meyer’s index of 2.5, indicating that it falls into the soft crys-
tal group. Using a conventional Z-scan technique, the optical limiting threshold
(3.52 ×  1012 W/m2) action and optical nonlinearity nonlinear absorption coecient
(0.9 ×  10−10 m/W) of the formed crystal were precisely determined.
Received: 1 September 2023
Accepted: 17 October 2023
Published online:
31 October 2023
© The Author(s), under
exclusive licence to Springer
Science+Business Media, LLC,
part of Springer Nature, 2023
Address correspondence to E-mail: vallimala96@gmail.com
Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.
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