(PDF) Sheikh Hasina: Prime Minister of Bangladesh

SHEIKH HASINA: PRIME MINISTER OF

BANGLADESH

BY ABU RAYHAN

Sheikh Hasina 1

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Sheikh Hasina  2 
 
Table of Contents 
 
Preface: ..................................................................................... 4 
History of Bangladesh .......................................................... 6 
Bangladesh Awami League ............................................... 10 
Short Biography of Sheikh Hasina .................................. 13 
Sheikh Hasina's Return to Homeland ............................ 16 
Sheikh Hasina's First tenure as Prime Minister (1996-
2001) ....................................................................................... 18 
Assassination Attempts .................................................... 20 
Sheikh Hasina's Second tenure as Prime Minister 
(2009-2014) .......................................................................... 23 
Third and fourth Term as Prime Minister .................... 26 
Infrastructure Development ............................................ 29 
The great Bridge of Padma ................................................ 31 
Sheikh Hasina's industrialization and technology 
policy ...................................................................................... 33 
Sheikh Hasina's Victory over the Bay of Bengal .......... 35 
Sheikh Hasina's Environment Policy ............................. 37 
Hasina's Education Policy ................................................. 40 
Religious and Social Policy ................................................ 42 
Building mosques all over the country .......................... 45 
Kawmi Janani ....................................................................... 48 
Military Policy ...................................................................... 50 
Foreign Policy ....................................................................... 52 
Relationship with USA ....................................................... 55 
Relationship with Russia .................................................. 57 
Relationship with China .................................................... 59 
Relationship with India ..................................................... 61 

Sheikh Hasina  3 
 
Relationship with Pakistan .............................................. 64 
Relationship with Sri Lanka, Maldives, Nepal and 
Bhutan .................................................................................... 66 
Relationship with Myanmar ............................................ 69 
Relationship with South East Asia .................................. 71 
Relationship with Europe ................................................. 74 
Relationship with Arabs .................................................... 76 
Relationship with Japan .................................................... 78 
Relationship with Canada ................................................. 81 
Relationship with Africa ................................................... 84 
Political Trips ....................................................................... 86 
Sheikh Hasina's Leadership .............................................. 88 
Fight against COVID-19 ..................................................... 90 
Fight against Corruption ................................................... 92 
Personal and Family Life ................................................... 95 
Honors and Awards ............................................................ 99 
Legacy & Criticism ............................................................ 102 
 
  

Sheikh Hasina 4

Preface:

"Sheikh Hasina: Prime Minister of Bangladesh" is a

biography of one of the most influential political

figures of Bangladesh, Sheikh Hasina. The book

takes a deep dive into the life and career of Sheikh

Hasina, who is the longest-serving prime minister

in the history of Bangladesh.

The book is a comprehensive account of Sheikh

Hasina's journey from her early life, family

background, education, political activism, to her

ascension to power and the challenges she faced

as the prime minister of Bangladesh. The

biography highlights her leadership style,

political vision, and the strategies she used to

transform Bangladesh into a more prosperous

and stable nation.

The book is divided into several chapters that

cover different phases of Sheikh Hasina's life and

career. The first chapter provides an overview of

Bangladesh's history and the political landscape

in which Sheikh Hasina emerged as a leader. The

subsequent chapters delve deeper into her

personal life, her involvement in the Bangladesh

Awami League, and her role in shaping the

country's political and economic policies.

The book draws on extensive research and

interviews with Sheikh Hasina's family members,

Sheikh Hasina 5

colleagues, and political rivals. It offers a balanced

and nuanced portrayal of the prime minister,

highlighting both her strengths and weaknesses.

The book also provides valuable insights into

Bangladesh's political system and the challenges

that the country faces in the 21st century.

This book is intended for readers who are

interested in politics, history, and leadership. It is

also a must-read for anyone who wants to

understand the complex dynamics of

Bangladesh's political landscape and the role that

Sheikh Hasina has played in shaping it.

Abu Rayhan

Author

Sheikh Hasina 6

History of Bangladesh

The history of Bangladesh is a rich and complex

tapestry that spans over several millennia. The

region that is now known as Bangladesh has been

inhabited by humans for thousands of years, with

evidence of ancient human settlements dating

back to the Neolithic period.

The Early Years

During the 8th and 9th centuries, the region that

is now Bangladesh was ruled by the Buddhist Pala

Empire, which was based in Bengal. The Pala

Empire was followed by the Hindu Sena dynasty,

which ruled over Bengal until the arrival of

Muslim conquerors in the 12th century.

The Muslim Era

In 1204, the Turkish general Bakhtiar Khilji

captured Bengal and established the first Muslim

rule in the region. The Muslim rule continued in

Bangladesh for over 600 years, with several

different dynasties coming to power during this

period.

The Mughal Era

One of the most significant periods in the history

of Bangladesh was the Mughal era, which lasted

from the 16th to the 18th century. During this

time, the Mughal Empire ruled over Bengal, and

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the region became an important center of trade

and commerce.

The British Era

The British arrived in Bengal in the 18th century

and gradually took control of the region. In 1858,

after the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the British

Crown took direct control of Bengal, and the

region became part of British India.

The Partition of India

In 1947, India gained independence from British

rule, and the subcontinent was divided into two

separate nations: India and Pakistan. East Bengal

(which later became Bangladesh) became part of

Pakistan, and the region was known as East

Pakistan.

The Language Movement

In 1952, the Language Movement began in East

Pakistan, as the people of the region protested

against the government's decision to make Urdu

the only official language of Pakistan. The

protests were met with violence, and several

people were killed.

The Language Movement led to the recognition of

Bengali as an official language of Pakistan in 1956.

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The War of Independence

Tensions between East and West Pakistan

continued to grow, with the people of East

Pakistan feeling marginalized and oppressed by

the government in West Pakistan. In 1971, after a

controversial national election, the government

of West Pakistan declared martial law in East

Pakistan and began a military crackdown.

This led to a brutal nine-month-long war of

independence, during which the Bengali people

fought for their freedom from Pakistani rule. The

war ended with the surrender of the Pakistani

army on December 16, 1971, and Bangladesh

gained its independence.

The Post-Independence Era

After gaining independence, Bangladesh faced

several challenges, including widespread poverty,

political instability, and natural disasters. The

country has made significant progress over the

past few decades, with improvements in

education, health care, and economic growth.

Today, Bangladesh is a vibrant and diverse nation

that is home to over 160 million people. The

country has made significant progress in recent

years and is on track to become a middle-income

country by 2024. However, Bangladesh still faces

several challenges, including corruption, income

inequality, and climate change.

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In conclusion, the history of Bangladesh is a

fascinating story of struggle, resilience, and

triumph. From the ancient Buddhist and Hindu

empires to the modern, independent nation of

Bangladesh, the people of this region have faced

countless challenges and overcome them with

courage and determination. Today, Bangladesh is

a thriving nation with a rich culture, a growing

economy, and a bright future ahead.

Sheikh Hasina 10

Bangladesh Awami League

The Bangladesh Awami League is one of the oldest

and most influential political parties in

Bangladesh. It was founded in 1949 as a platform

for Bengali nationalist politics, and played a key

role in the country's struggle for independence

from Pakistan in 1971.

The founding members of the party were mainly

students, intellectuals and progressive politicians

who were dissatisfied with the ruling Muslim

League's neglect of Bengali interests. The party's

first president was Maulana Abdul Hamid Khan

Bhashani, a charismatic Muslim leader who

advocated for a secular and democratic

Bangladesh.

In the early years of its existence, the Awami

League faced significant repression from the

Pakistani authorities, who saw it as a threat to

their control over East Pakistan. Many of its

leaders were jailed or exiled, and the party went

through several periods of internal strife and

splintering.

However, the Awami League's popularity

continued to grow, particularly after the 1965

Indo-Pakistani War highlighted the Pakistani

government's mistreatment of East Pakistan. The

party's most famous leader, Sheikh Mujibur

Sheikh Hasina 11

Rahman, emerged as the main voice of Bengali

nationalism and the architect of the six-point

demand for greater autonomy within Pakistan.

The 1970 national elections, in which the Awami

League won a majority of seats in East Pakistan,

were a turning point in the country's history.

However, the Pakistani government refused to

recognize the results, leading to a brutal

crackdown on the Awami League and other

Bengali nationalist groups.

This led to the Bangladesh Liberation War in

1971, in which the Awami League played a central

role. After nine months of fighting, Bangladesh

achieved its independence, with Sheikh Mujibur

Rahman becoming the country's first prime

minister.

However, the Awami League's initial period in

power was marked by political instability and

economic hardship, with Sheikh Mujibur

Rahman's government facing accusations of

corruption and authoritarianism. In 1975, he was

assassinated along with most of his family

members in a military coup.

The party went through a period of decline and

internal divisions in the following years, with

several of its leaders defecting to other parties.

However, it continued to play a key role in

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Bangladeshi politics, particularly after the

restoration of democracy in 1991.

Under the leadership of Sheikh Hasina, Sheikh

Mujibur Rahman's daughter, the Awami League

has regained much of its popularity and influence.

It has won four out of the last five national

elections, and has implemented a range of social

and economic reforms aimed at reducing poverty

and inequality in the country.

Overall, the Awami League's history is closely

intertwined with that of Bangladesh itself, and it

remains one of the most important political forces

in the country today.

Sheikh Hasina 13

Short Biography of Sheikh

Hasina

Sheikh Hasina is a Bangladeshi politician and the

current Prime Minister of Bangladesh. She was

born on September 28, 1947, in Tungipara, a small

town in Gopalganj district of Bangladesh. She is

the eldest daughter of the late Sheikh Mujibur

Rahman, the founding father and first President

of Bangladesh.

Hasina received her education at the University of

Dhaka and completed her Master's degree in

Political Science. She joined politics in the 1980s

and became the leader of the Bangladesh Awami

League, one of the two major political parties in

Bangladesh.

Hasina's political career has been marked by both

triumphs and tragedies. In 1975, her father, along

with most of her family, was assassinated in a

military coup. Hasina herself survived the attack

as she was visiting West Germany at the time. She

spent most of the next six years in exile, returning

to Bangladesh in 1981.

Hasina's first term as Prime Minister began in

1996, after her party won a landslide victory in

the general elections. She was the first woman to

hold the position of Prime Minister in Bangladesh.

Sheikh Hasina 14

Her government's priorities were poverty

reduction, economic growth, and political

stability.

However, her government was short-lived, as it

was toppled by a military coup in 2001. Hasina

spent the next several years in opposition, leading

protests against the military government and

advocating for democracy and human rights.

In 2008, Hasina's party won another landslide

victory in the general elections, and she became

Prime Minister once again. Her government has

focused on economic development, social welfare,

and infrastructure improvements. Her policies

have led to significant reductions in poverty,

improvements in education and healthcare, and

increased foreign investment in Bangladesh.

Under Hasina's leadership, Bangladesh has made

significant progress in many areas, including

women's rights, environmental protection, and

disaster management. She has also played a key

role in international diplomacy, promoting peace

and cooperation among nations.

Throughout her career, Hasina has faced

numerous challenges and obstacles, including

political unrest, corruption allegations, and

security threats. However, she has remained

Sheikh Hasina 15

committed to her vision of a prosperous,

democratic, and peaceful Bangladesh.

In recognition of her achievements, Sheikh

Hasina has received numerous awards and

honors, both nationally and internationally. She

has been named one of the world's most powerful

women by Forbes magazine and has been praised

for her leadership and vision by leaders from

around the world.

Sheikh Hasina 16

Sheikh Hasina's Return to

Homeland

Sheikh Hasina is the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, serving her fourth term since

January 2019. Her return to her homeland after

years of exile was a significant moment in

Bangladesh's history and marked the beginning of

a new era for the country.

Sheikh Hasina, the daughter of the founding

father of Bangladesh, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman,

was forced to leave the country in 1975 after a

military coup. She spent six years in exile, during

which she continued her political activities,

advocating for democracy and human rights in

Bangladesh.

In 1981, Sheikh Hasina returned to Bangladesh

after the death of the military dictator, General

Ziaur Rahman, who had seized power after the

assassination of her father. She founded the

Awami League, a political party dedicated to

promoting democracy, secularism, and economic

development in Bangladesh.

However, Sheikh Hasina's political career was not

without its challenges. She faced imprisonment,

assassination attempts, and political violence,

including the killing of her family members in a

Sheikh Hasina 17

1975 coup. In 2007, she was forced to leave the

country again due to political turmoil, but she

returned in 2008 after the Awami League won the

general elections.

Since her return, Sheikh Hasina has focused on

improving the country's economy, infrastructure,

and social development. She has implemented

policies aimed at reducing poverty, improving

education, and promoting gender equality. Under

her leadership, Bangladesh has achieved

significant economic growth, and the country has

become a global leader in garment manufacturing

and microfinance.

Sheikh Hasina's return to her homeland in 1981

and again in 2008 was a significant moment in

Bangladesh's history. Her leadership has brought

stability and progress to the country, and her

dedication to democracy and human rights has

earned her international recognition. Her legacy

as a strong and visionary leader will continue to

shape Bangladesh's future.

Sheikh Hasina 18

Sheikh Hasina's First tenure as

Prime Minister (1996-2001)

Sheikh Hasina, the daughter of Bangabandhu

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, became the Prime

Minister of Bangladesh for the first time in 1996.

Her tenure as the Prime Minister was marked by

significant achievements in several areas.

One of the most notable achievements of Sheikh

Hasina's first tenure was her focus on economic

development. She implemented policies that

aimed to reduce poverty and promote economic

growth. As a result, Bangladesh's economy grew

at an average rate of 6% during her tenure. She

also established the Grameen Bank, which

provided micro-credit to millions of poor people

in rural areas.

Another significant achievement of Sheikh

Hasina's first tenure was her efforts to improve

the education sector. She increased funding for

education and implemented policies to ensure

that more children had access to schooling. Under

her leadership, the literacy rate in Bangladesh

increased significantly.

Sheikh Hasina's government also made progress

in the area of women's rights. She implemented

policies that aimed to reduce discrimination

Sheikh Hasina 19

against women and promote gender equality. Her

government passed laws that increased the

punishment for rape and domestic violence and

established shelters for victims of violence.

In the area of foreign relations, Sheikh Hasina's

government made significant strides. She

improved relations with neighboring countries

such as India and Bhutan and sought to resolve

longstanding disputes. She also played a key role

in promoting regional cooperation and

integration.

However, Sheikh Hasina's first tenure was not

without its challenges. Her government faced

criticism for its handling of human rights abuses

and corruption allegations. There were also

concerns about the increasing influence of

Islamic fundamentalism in the country.

Despite these challenges, Sheikh Hasina's first

tenure as Prime Minister was marked by

significant achievements in several areas. Her

government's focus on economic development,

education, and women's rights had a positive

impact on Bangladesh. Her efforts to improve

foreign relations also helped to strengthen the

country's position in the region.

Sheikh Hasina 20

Assassination Attempts

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has faced multiple assassination

attempts throughout her political career. The

most significant of these occurred on August 21,

2004, when a group of armed assailants targeted

her in a grenade attack during a public rally in

Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh.

At the time, Sheikh Hasina was the Leader of the

Opposition in the Bangladeshi Parliament, and

she was delivering a speech to a crowd of

supporters when the attack occurred.

The attackers, who were believed to be members

of the Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh (JMB)

extremist group, threw at least 13 grenades at the

stage where Sheikh Hasina was speaking, killing

24 people and injuring over 200 others.

Although Sheikh Hasina survived the attack, she

suffered serious injuries, including a ruptured

eardrum and multiple fractures. Many of her

party leaders and workers were also injured or

killed in the attack.

The aftermath of the attack was marked by a

significant political upheaval in Bangladesh, with

the government of then-Prime Minister Khaleda

Zia facing widespread criticism for failing to

Sheikh Hasina 21

prevent the attack and for its handling of the

investigation. The attack was widely condemned

by the international community, with several

countries offering their support and assistance to

the Bangladeshi authorities in their efforts to

bring the perpetrators to justice.

In the years that followed the attack, a number of

individuals were arrested and charged in

connection with the assassination attempt,

including several senior leaders of the JMB.

In 2008, a court in Bangladesh sentenced 22

people to death for their involvement in the

attack, including the head of the JMB, Shaykh

Abdur Rahman.

Despite the successful prosecution of many of the

attackers, however, there are still questions and

concerns about the broader political context in

which the attack occurred.

Some observers have suggested that the attack

was part of a larger pattern of political violence

and instability in Bangladesh, driven in part by

the long-standing rivalry between the country's

two major political parties, the Awami League (led

by Sheikh Hasina) and the Bangladesh Nationalist

Party (led by Khaleda Zia).

Sheikh Hasina 22

Overall, the assassination attempt on Sheikh

Hasina in 2004 was a significant event in the

history of Bangladesh, highlighting the dangers of

political violence and extremism in the country

and underscoring the importance of strong,

effective leadership and governance in promoting

stability and security.

Sheikh Hasina 23

Sheikh Hasina's Second tenure

as Prime Minister (2009-2014)

Her second tenure as Prime Minister began in

2009, following a landslide victory in the

parliamentary elections.

During her second term as Prime Minister, Sheikh

Hasina has implemented several policies and

initiatives aimed at promoting economic growth,

reducing poverty, improving healthcare, and

strengthening democratic institutions in

Bangladesh. Under her leadership, the country

has achieved impressive economic growth, with

an average annual GDP growth rate of 6.3% over

the past decade.

One of the key achievements of Sheikh Hasina's

second tenure as Prime Minister has been the

significant reduction in poverty in Bangladesh.

According to the World Bank, the poverty rate in

the country has declined from 43.3% in 2009 to

24.3% in 2016. This has been achieved through a

combination of measures, including increased

investment in agriculture, microfinance

programs, and the expansion of social safety nets.

Sheikh Hasina's government has also made

significant progress in improving healthcare in

Bangladesh. The country has seen a dramatic

Sheikh Hasina 24

increase in the number of healthcare facilities,

including hospitals and clinics, and a significant

expansion of healthcare coverage. In addition, the

government has launched several initiatives

aimed at reducing maternal and child mortality

rates.

Another major focus of Sheikh Hasina's second

tenure as Prime Minister has been the promotion

of women's empowerment and gender equality.

Her government has implemented several

policies aimed at promoting women's education,

increasing their participation in the workforce,

and reducing gender-based violence. Bangladesh

has also seen an increase in the number of women

in positions of power, including in government

and in the private sector.

Sheikh Hasina's government has also made

efforts to strengthen democratic institutions in

Bangladesh. She has taken steps to improve the

electoral process and to promote free and fair

elections. Her government has also introduced

measures aimed at reducing corruption,

including the establishment of a new anti-

corruption agency.

Despite these achievements, Sheikh Hasina's

second tenure as Prime Minister has not been

without controversy. Her government has been

accused of cracking down on opposition parties

Sheikh Hasina 25

and of restricting freedom of expression. There

have also been concerns raised about the

government's handling of the Rohingya refugee

crisis.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's second tenure as

Prime Minister has been marked by significant

achievements in promoting economic growth,

reducing poverty, improving healthcare, and

promoting gender equality. While there have

been some controversies, her government's

efforts to strengthen democratic institutions and

promote good governance are commendable.

Sheikh Hasina 26

Third and fourth Term as Prime

Minister

Sheikh Hasina has been serving as the Prime

Minister of Bangladesh since January 2009, and

she has won consecutive elections in 2014 and

2018. Her third and fourth tenures as Prime

Minister have been marked by several significant

achievements and challenges.

During her third tenure, Sheikh Hasina's

government focused on economic development

and infrastructure projects. The government

implemented the "Digital Bangladesh" campaign,

which aimed to establish a knowledge-based

economy through digital technology. The

government also launched several ambitious

infrastructure projects, including the Padma

Bridge, which is the largest infrastructure project

in the country's history.

In addition to economic development, Sheikh

Hasina's government also addressed social issues.

The government launched several programs

aimed at reducing poverty, increasing access to

healthcare, and improving education. The

government also took steps to protect the rights

of women and children, including passing laws

against child marriage and violence against

women.

Sheikh Hasina 27

However, Sheikh Hasina's third tenure was also

marked by political unrest and violence. The

opposition party, led by Khaleda Zia's Bangladesh

Nationalist Party, boycotted the 2014 general

election, which led to violence and protests across

the country. The government also faced criticism

for its handling of the Rana Plaza collapse, which

killed over 1,100 people in 2013.

During Sheikh Hasina's fourth tenure, the

government continued its focus on economic

development and infrastructure projects. The

government launched several new projects,

including the construction of 100 economic zones

and the expansion of the country's energy sector.

The government also continued its efforts to

address social issues, including launching

programs to provide housing for the homeless

and increasing access to healthcare in rural areas.

However, Sheikh Hasina's fourth tenure has also

been marked by controversy and criticism. The

government has been accused of suppressing

freedom of speech and limiting press freedom.

The government has also faced criticism for its

handling of the Rohingya refugee crisis, with

many accusing the government of human rights

violations against the Rohingya population.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's third and fourth tenures

as Prime Minister have been marked by both

Sheikh Hasina 28

significant achievements and challenges. The

government has made strides in economic

development and addressing social issues, but has

also faced criticism for its handling of political

unrest and human rights violations.

Sheikh Hasina 29

Infrastructure Development

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has focused on infrastructure

development since taking office in 2009. Her

vision for Bangladesh is to become a developed

country by 2041, and infrastructure development

is an essential part of this plan.

Under Sheikh Hasina's leadership, Bangladesh has

seen significant progress in infrastructure

development. The government has invested

heavily in transportation, energy, and

communication networks. For example, the

construction of the Padma Bridge, the largest

infrastructure project in the country's history, is

currently underway. Once completed, the bridge

will connect the southwestern part of the country

with the capital city of Dhaka and the eastern part

of the country, significantly improving

transportation and connectivity in the region.

The government has also invested in upgrading

the country's highways and railways, which has

made transportation more efficient reduced

travel times. The country's first metro rail project

is also underway in Dhaka, which will provide a

much-needed transportation option for the city's

growing population.

Sheikh Hasina 30

In addition to transportation infrastructure, the

government has also focused on energy

development. The government has initiated

several large-scale power projects to increase the

country's electricity production capacity. The

construction of the Rooppur Nuclear Power Plant,

with the help of Russia, is one such project that

will contribute significantly to the country's

energy needs.

Moreover, Sheikh Hasina's government has

emphasized the development of the country's

digital infrastructure. The government has

invested in expanding the country's broadband

internet network and has launched several

initiatives to increase digital literacy among the

population. As a result, Bangladesh has made

significant strides in its digital transformation in

recent years.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's government has

prioritized infrastructure development,

recognizing its critical role in driving economic

growth and improving the lives of citizens. The

government's efforts have contributed to

Bangladesh's development and helped position

the country as a key player in the region's

economic landscape.

Sheikh Hasina 31

The great Bridge of Padma

Sheikh Hasina's Victory over the Sea is a

remarkable feat of engineering and perseverance

that took place in Bangladesh. It refers to the

construction of a 6.15 km long bridge, called the

Padma Bridge, over the Padma River, which is one

of the major rivers in the country. This bridge is a

critical infrastructure project that has the

potential to transform the economy of

Bangladesh and improve the lives of millions of

people.

The project was initially proposed in 1998, but it

faced numerous obstacles and delays over the

years. One of the main challenges was securing

funding for the project, which required a

significant investment from the government of

Bangladesh and international partners. There

were also concerns about the environmental

impact of the bridge and its potential effect on the

local communities.

Despite these challenges, Sheikh Hasina, the

Prime Minister of Bangladesh, remained

determined to see the project through. She

recognized the importance of the bridge for the

development of the country and the well-being of

its people. She also understood that the project

would require the cooperation and support of

Sheikh Hasina 32

multiple stakeholders, including international

organizations, investors, and local communities.

Under Sheikh Hasina's leadership, the

government of Bangladesh worked tirelessly to

secure funding for the project and address the

concerns of the local communities. They also

implemented strict environmental regulations to

minimize the impact of the bridge on the Padma

River and its surroundings.

The construction of the Padma Bridge began in

2014 and was completed in December 2020. The

bridge is a modern engineering marvel, featuring

state-of-the-art technology and design. It is

expected to significantly reduce travel time and

transportation costs, improve access to markets

and services, and promote economic growth in

the region.

Sheikh Hasina's Victory over the Sea is a

testament to her leadership, vision, and

determination to overcome obstacles and achieve

great things for her country. It is also a symbol of

the potential of infrastructure development to

transform the lives of people and communities.

The Padma Bridge represents a new era of

progress and prosperity for Bangladesh, and it is a

source of pride for all Bangladeshis.

Sheikh Hasina 33

Sheikh Hasina's

industrialization and technology

policy

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has made significant efforts to

promote industrialization and technology in her

country during her tenure. Her policies and

initiatives have helped Bangladesh emerge as a

growing economic power in the South Asian

region.

Under Sheikh Hasina's leadership, Bangladesh has

focused on developing its manufacturing and

export sectors. She has implemented policies to

encourage foreign investment in Bangladesh's

industries, particularly in the textile and apparel

sectors, which have become major drivers of

economic growth in the country. In addition, the

government has established special economic

zones (SEZs) to attract foreign investors and

facilitate industrial development.

Furthermore, Sheikh Hasina has recognized the

importance of technology in driving economic

growth and improving the quality of life for

Bangladeshi citizens. Her government has

invested in building a digital infrastructure,

including the expansion of broadband internet

access and the establishment of a national ICT

Sheikh Hasina 34

policy. These efforts have helped increase digital

literacy and connect rural areas with urban

centers, promoting social and economic

inclusion.

The government has also launched initiatives to

promote entrepreneurship and innovation, such

as the "Innovation Design and Entrepreneurship

Academy" (IDEA) and the "Startup Bangladesh"

program. These programs aim to foster a culture

of innovation and provide support for new

businesses and entrepreneurs.

In addition to promoting industrialization and

technology, Sheikh Hasina has also prioritized

environmental sustainability in her policies. The

government has implemented measures to

increase the use of renewable energy, such as solar

power, and has taken steps to reduce pollution

and protect natural resources.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's emphasis on

industrialization, technology, and sustainability

has helped to transform Bangladesh's economy

and improve the standard of living for its citizens.

While there is still work to be done, her

government's efforts have set Bangladesh on a

path towards greater prosperity and

development.

Sheikh Hasina 35

Sheikh Hasina's Victory over the

Bay of Bengal

Sheikh Hasina, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh,

has been credited with achieving a major victory

over the Bay of Bengal through her successful

implementation of various initiatives aimed at

preserving and protecting the country's marine

resources. The Bay of Bengal, which borders

Bangladesh to the south, is an important source of

livelihood for millions of people, and the success

of Sheikh Hasina's policies is seen as crucial for the

country's long-term economic growth and

development.

One of the key initiatives undertaken by Sheikh

Hasina's government is the establishment of

marine protected areas (MPAs) in the Bay of

Bengal. These MPAs are designed to protect and

conserve marine habitats and biodiversity, as well

as to promote sustainable fishing practices. The

government has also taken steps to crack down on

illegal fishing and other activities that harm

marine ecosystems, such as the use of trawlers

that damage the sea floor.

In addition to these conservation measures,

Sheikh Hasina has also overseen the development

of the country's maritime infrastructure, with the

aim of boosting trade and economic growth. This

Sheikh Hasina 36

includes the construction of new ports and the

expansion of existing ones, as well as investments

in shipbuilding and other related industries.

These initiatives have helped to position

Bangladesh as a key player in the regional

economy and have contributed to the country's

rising prosperity.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's victory over the Bay of

Bengal can be seen as a triumph of responsible

governance and sustainable development. By

prioritizing the protection and conservation of

the country's marine resources, while also

pursuing initiatives aimed at economic growth,

Sheikh Hasina has demonstrated that it is possible

to balance economic development and

environmental protection. Her example serves as

an inspiration to other leaders around the world

who are grappling with similar challenges, and

her legacy will likely endure for generations to

come.

Sheikh Hasina 37

Sheikh Hasina's Environment

Policy

Sheikh Hasina, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh,

has implemented a number of environmental

policies aimed at addressing the country's

environmental challenges. Bangladesh is a

country that is particularly vulnerable to the

impacts of climate change and environmental

degradation due to its location, topography, and

socio-economic conditions.

Some of Sheikh Hasina's key environmental

policies include:

Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan: In 2009,

Sheikh Hasina's government launched the

Climate Change Strategy and Action Plan, which

outlines the country's approach to addressing the

impacts of climate change. The plan focuses on

increasing resilience to climate change, reducing

greenhouse gas emissions, and promoting

sustainable development.

Green Growth Strategy: In 2012, Sheikh Hasina

launched the Green Growth Strategy, which aims

to promote sustainable economic growth while

protecting the environment. The strategy

includes policies to promote renewable energy,

sustainable agriculture, and green infrastructure.

Sheikh Hasina 38

Forestation and Biodiversity Conservation:

Sheikh Hasina has also prioritized forestation and

biodiversity conservation in Bangladesh. The

government has launched a number of initiatives

to increase forest cover, including the

establishment of community forests and the

distribution of seedlings to local communities.

Plastic Pollution Reduction: The government of

Bangladesh has implemented policies aimed at

reducing plastic pollution. For example, single-

use plastic bags were banned in 2002, and the

government has launched campaigns to

encourage the use of reusable bags and reduce

plastic waste.

Clean Energy Promotion: Sheikh Hasina has also

prioritized the promotion of clean energy in

Bangladesh. The government has launched a

number of initiatives to increase access to clean

energy, including the installation of solar panels

in rural areas and the promotion of energy-

efficient appliances.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's environmental policies

demonstrate a commitment to addressing the

environmental challenges facing Bangladesh.

While the country still faces significant

environmental challenges, such as air and water

pollution and the impacts of climate change, the

Sheikh Hasina 39

government's efforts represent an important step

towards a more sustainable future.

Sheikh Hasina 40

Hasina's Education Policy

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has made significant strides in the

field of education since taking office in 2009. Her

education policy focuses on improving access to

education for all, particularly for girls, and

enhancing the quality of education provided in

the country.

One of the key initiatives of Sheikh Hasina's

education policy is the establishment of over

100,000 new schools across Bangladesh. These

schools are designed to ensure that every child has

access to education, regardless of their location or

economic background. The government has also

provided free textbooks to students up to grade

10, further reducing the financial burden on

parents and improving access to education.

Sheikh Hasina has also implemented measures to

improve the quality of education in the country.

This includes training programs for teachers to

enhance their skills and knowledge, as well as the

introduction of new teaching methods and

technologies to make learning more engaging and

effective. Additionally, the government has

invested in the development of educational

infrastructure, including the construction of new

classrooms, laboratories, and libraries.

Sheikh Hasina 41

The education policy also places a strong

emphasis on promoting gender equality and

empowering women through education. To this

end, Sheikh Hasina has implemented a number of

initiatives to encourage girls to attend school,

including stipends for female students and the

establishment of separate toilets and changing

rooms for girls. The government has also

launched campaigns to raise awareness about the

importance of educating girls and combating

child marriage, which remains a major barrier to

girls' education in the country.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's education policy has had

a significant impact on education in Bangladesh.

Sheikh Hasina 42

Religious and Social Policy

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has implemented various religious

and social policies since taking office in 2009. Her

policies reflect a commitment to secularism,

social justice, and the promotion of tolerance and

harmony among different religious and ethnic

communities.

One of Sheikh Hasina's key religious policies is the

promotion of religious tolerance and harmony.

She has repeatedly emphasized the need for unity

among the different religious communities in

Bangladesh, and has taken various steps to

promote interfaith dialogue and understanding.

For example, she has established an interfaith

dialogue center, and has invited religious leaders

from different faiths to participate in various

events and discussions.

Sheikh Hasina has also taken steps to promote

women's rights and empowerment. She has

implemented various social policies aimed at

improving the status of women in society,

including the promotion of women's education,

health, and employment opportunities. Her

government has also introduced various laws and

policies aimed at preventing violence against

women, such as the Domestic Violence

Sheikh Hasina 43

(Prevention and Protection) Act and the Women

and Children Repression Prevention Act.

In addition, Sheikh Hasina has taken steps to

address poverty and inequality in Bangladesh. Her

government has implemented various social

welfare programs aimed at providing financial

assistance to the poor, such as the Social Safety

Net Program and the Vulnerable Group

Development Program. She has also introduced

various economic policies aimed at promoting

growth and development, such as the Digital

Bangladesh initiative and the promotion of

entrepreneurship and small business

development.

Another key aspect of Sheikh Hasina's social

policy is her commitment to environmental

protection and sustainability. She has taken

various steps to address environmental issues,

such as the promotion of renewable energy

sources and the establishment of the Bangladesh

Climate Change Trust Fund. Her government has

also implemented various policies aimed at

improving the living conditions of marginalized

communities, such as the construction of low-

cost housing for the urban poor.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's religious and social

policies reflect a commitment to promoting

tolerance, social justice, and sustainable

Sheikh Hasina 44

development in Bangladesh. While there is still

much work to be done, her policies have made

significant strides in improving the status of

women, reducing poverty and inequality, and

promoting environmental sustainability.

Sheikh Hasina 45

Building mosques all over the

country

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has initiated and overseen the

construction of numerous mosques across the

country. These new mosques have been built with

the aim of promoting religious harmony and

ensuring that Muslims have access to adequate

facilities for worship.

The initiative to build mosques across Bangladesh

is part of the government's broader efforts to

develop infrastructure across the country. This

includes the construction of highways, bridges,

schools, hospitals, and other facilities that are

essential for the country's development.

The Prime Minister has emphasized the

importance of building mosques that are not only

functional but also aesthetically pleasing. These

mosques have been designed to reflect the

country's rich cultural heritage and architectural

traditions, while also incorporating modern

technology and construction techniques.

The government has also taken steps to ensure

that the construction of these mosques is carried

out in an environmentally sustainable manner.

This includes the use of renewable energy sources

Sheikh Hasina 46

such as solar power and the incorporation of

green spaces and water harvesting facilities in the

mosque complexes.

In addition to building new mosques, the

government has also taken steps to upgrade and

modernize existing mosques across the country.

This includes the installation of modern facilities

such as air conditioning, prayer mats, and audio

systems to enhance the worship experience for

worshippers.

The building of mosques across Bangladesh has

been widely welcomed by the country's Muslim

community. It has helped to address the shortage

of mosques in some areas and has provided

opportunities for Muslims to come together and

worship in a peaceful and harmonious

environment.

However, the initiative has also been met with

some criticism. Some critics have argued that the

government should focus on more pressing issues

such as poverty, education, and healthcare rather

than spending money on building mosques.

Others have expressed concerns that the

government's focus on building mosques may be

seen as an attempt to win over Muslim voters and

consolidate political power.

Sheikh Hasina 47

Despite these criticisms, the government has

remained committed to its mosque-building

initiative, citing its importance in promoting

religious harmony and ensuring that Muslims

have access to adequate facilities for worship.

Sheikh Hasina 48

Kawmi Janani

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, is often referred to as "Kawmi

Janani," which translates to "Mother of the

Religious Education Movement." This title is a

recognition of her significant contributions to the

development and promotion of Islamic education

in Bangladesh.

Sheikh Hasina's interest in Islamic education

began early in her life. She grew up in a family that

was deeply involved in the political and social

issues of East Pakistan (now Bangladesh), and her

father, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, was a prominent

politician who fought for the rights of the Bengali

people. Her exposure to social and political issues

from a young age made her acutely aware of the

importance of education in empowering people

and promoting social progress.

During her political career, Sheikh Hasina has

been a strong advocate for the promotion of

Islamic education. She has taken several

initiatives to strengthen the infrastructure of

madrasas (Islamic schools) and provide more

opportunities for students to study Islamic

subjects. Under her leadership, the government

has established the Islamic University, which is

the first public university in Bangladesh

dedicated to Islamic studies.

Sheikh Hasina 49

Sheikh Hasina has also worked to modernize the

curriculum of Islamic education in Bangladesh.

She believes that Islamic education should be

integrated with modern education to prepare

students for the challenges of the 21st century. To

this end, she has introduced reforms to the

madrasa curriculum, including the addition of

subjects such as science, mathematics, and social

studies.

Sheikh Hasina's efforts to promote Islamic

education have been widely recognized both

within and outside of Bangladesh.

Sheikh Hasina 50

Military Policy

Over the years, Sheikh Hasina has implemented

several policies and initiatives aimed at

modernizing the country and improving its

security. One such policy is her military policy,

which focuses on strengthening the Bangladesh

Armed Forces to enhance the country's defense

capabilities.

Under Sheikh Hasina's leadership, the Bangladesh

Armed Forces have undergone significant

modernization and expansion. The government

has allocated substantial resources to acquire new

weapons systems, upgrade existing ones, and

train personnel. The navy has acquired several

new ships, including submarines, while the air

force has acquired advanced fighter jets,

helicopters, and drones. The army has also

received new artillery and armored vehicles.

In addition to upgrading the military's equipment

and capabilities, Sheikh Hasina has also

emphasized the importance of enhancing the

training and professionalism of the armed forces.

The government has invested in establishing new

training facilities and programs to improve the

skills of soldiers and officers. Sheikh Hasina has

also emphasized the importance of enhancing

cooperation and coordination between the

Sheikh Hasina 51

different branches of the military to ensure that

they work together seamlessly.

Sheikh Hasina's military policy also aims to

improve relations with neighboring countries

and promote regional stability. Bangladesh has

taken an active role in peacekeeping missions

under the United Nations, and the country has

contributed troops to several missions in

different parts of the world. The government has

also established closer ties with countries like

India and Myanmar to enhance regional security

and cooperation.

However, Sheikh Hasina's military policy has also

faced some criticism. Some have raised concerns

about the government's human rights record,

particularly with regard to its treatment of

minority groups and political dissidents. Critics

have also raised concerns about the military's

involvement in domestic affairs and its influence

over the government.

Sheikh Hasina 52

Foreign Policy

Sheikh Hasina, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh,

has been pursuing an active and dynamic foreign

policy since coming to power in 2009. Her

approach to foreign policy is based on the

principles of non-alignment, cooperation, and

mutual benefit. The main objectives of Sheikh

Hasina's foreign policy are to promote

Bangladesh's economic development, enhance

regional stability, and maintain good relations

with all countries.

One of the key features of Sheikh Hasina's foreign

policy is her focus on regional cooperation. She

has taken a leading role in promoting regional

integration through the South Asian Association

for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Bay of

Bengal Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and

Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC). Under her

leadership, Bangladesh has also strengthened its

relations with neighboring countries such as

India, China, and Myanmar.

In addition to regional cooperation, Sheikh

Hasina has been actively engaged in promoting

Bangladesh's economic development through

trade and investment. Her government has taken

steps to improve the business climate and attract

foreign investment, resulting in increased trade

and investment flows. Bangladesh's relationship

Sheikh Hasina 53

with China has been particularly significant in

this regard, with the two countries cooperating on

a number of infrastructure projects, including the

construction of ports, railways, and highways.

Sheikh Hasina has also been a vocal advocate for

global issues such as climate change and

sustainable development. Her government has

taken steps to address the impacts of climate

change on Bangladesh, which is one of the most

vulnerable countries to its effects. She has also

played a leading role in promoting the United

Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs),

with Bangladesh making significant progress

towards achieving them.

Another notable feature of Sheikh Hasina's

foreign policy is her efforts to improve

Bangladesh's relations with the Muslim world.

Her government has been actively engaged in

promoting interfaith dialogue and cooperation

with Muslim countries, particularly in the Middle

East. Bangladesh has also been a key contributor

to peacekeeping missions in Muslim-majority

countries such as Mali and Sudan.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's foreign policy has

been characterized by a focus on regional

cooperation, economic development, and global

issues. Her efforts have contributed to the

improved stability and economic growth of

Sheikh Hasina 54

Bangladesh, and have enhanced the country's

standing on the global stage.

Sheikh Hasina 55

Relationship with USA

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has had a complex and evolving

relationship with the United States over the years.

While her father, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur

Rahman, had a close relationship with the US

during his tenure as the country's first prime

minister, the relationship between the two

countries has been marked by ups and downs

since then.

In the 1990s, Sheikh Hasina's Awami League party

was critical of the US and its policies, particularly

its support for military regimes in Bangladesh.

However, following the 9/11 attacks, the US

began to view Bangladesh as an important ally in

the global war on terror, and relations between

the two countries improved significantly.

During the early years of Sheikh Hasina's second

term in office, which began in 2009, Bangladesh

was seen as a key partner of the US in the region.

The US praised Sheikh Hasina's efforts to combat

terrorism and extremism, and provided

significant aid and support to the country in areas

such as education, health, and economic

development.

However, Sheikh Hasina's relations with the US

have become more complicated in recent years,

Sheikh Hasina 56

particularly in the wake of the country's

controversial national election in 2014. The US

was critical of the election process and raised

concerns about human rights violations and

democratic backsliding in Bangladesh. This led to

a cooling of relations between the two countries,

with the US imposing sanctions on several

Bangladeshi officials and reducing its aid to the

country.

Despite these challenges, Sheikh Hasina has

continued to maintain a relationship with the US.

In recent years, she has sought to deepen

economic ties between Bangladesh and the US,

particularly in the areas of trade and investment.

She has also worked to address some of the

concerns raised by the US, such as by holding

discussions on human rights and democracy.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relations with the US

have been marked by both cooperation and

tension, reflecting the complex geopolitical

landscape in which Bangladesh finds itself. While

the two countries have worked together on issues

such as counterterrorism and economic

development, they have also had significant

disagreements over issues such as human rights

and democracy.

Sheikh Hasina 57

Relationship with Russia

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has maintained a relatively positive

relationship with Russia since coming to power in

2009. Although Bangladesh and Russia do not

share a border, they have a history of diplomatic

relations that date back to 1971 when the Soviet

Union was one of the first countries to recognize

Bangladesh as an independent state.

Since then, the two countries have engaged in

various forms of cooperation, including in areas

such as defense, trade, energy, and cultural

exchange. In recent years, Sheikh Hasina has

made efforts to strengthen ties with Russia,

particularly in the economic and defense sectors.

One of the notable developments in the bilateral

relationship between Bangladesh and Russia has

been the increase in trade and investment. In

2019, the two countries signed a memorandum of

understanding to establish a joint commission on

economic cooperation, which aims to boost

bilateral trade and investment.

Furthermore, Russia has expressed interest in

investing in Bangladesh's energy sector, including

in oil and gas exploration and power generation.

In 2018, the state-owned Russian oil company,

Rosneft, signed a deal with the Bangladeshi

Sheikh Hasina 58

government to build a petroleum refinery and a

pipeline in the country.

In terms of defense cooperation, Bangladesh has

purchased military equipment from Russia,

including fighter jets, helicopters, and missile

systems. In 2019, Bangladesh signed a deal to

purchase five Mi-171Sh military transport

helicopters from Russia.

Sheikh Hasina has also expressed interest in

expanding cultural ties between Bangladesh and

Russia. In 2019, she inaugurated the Bangladesh-

Russia Friendship School in Dhaka, which was

built with assistance from the Russian

government. The school aims to promote the

Russian language and culture in Bangladesh.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relations with Russia

have been relatively positive, and the two

countries have sought to expand cooperation in

various areas. While there have been some

concerns about Russia's growing influence in

Bangladesh, particularly in the defense sector, the

government has maintained that it seeks to

maintain a balanced foreign policy and engage

with all countries in a mutually beneficial

manner.

Sheikh Hasina 59

Relationship with China

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has maintained a cordial relationship

with China since taking office in 2009. Her

administration has prioritized strengthening

bilateral ties with China and has pursued a

number of initiatives aimed at deepening

economic, political, and strategic cooperation

between the two countries.

One of the key pillars of Sheikh Hasina's

relationship with China has been economic

cooperation. China is one of Bangladesh's largest

trading partners and has invested heavily in the

country's infrastructure and energy sectors. The

two countries have also signed a number of

agreements aimed at boosting trade and

investment, including a Memorandum of

Understanding on the Belt and Road Initiative

(BRI), a Chinese-led development strategy aimed

at promoting economic integration and

connectivity between Asia, Europe, and Africa.

In addition to economic ties, Sheikh Hasina has

also sought to deepen strategic cooperation with

China. In recent years, Bangladesh has sought to

enhance its military ties with China, and the two

countries have engaged in a number of joint

military exercises and training programs. This

has raised concerns among some observers,

Sheikh Hasina 60

particularly in India, which views Bangladesh's

growing ties with China as a potential threat to its

own strategic interests in the region.

Despite these concerns, Sheikh Hasina has

maintained that Bangladesh's relationship with

China is based on mutual respect and shared

interests. She has also stressed the importance of

maintaining good relations with all of

Bangladesh's neighbors, including India, and has

sought to balance the country's relationships with

various regional and global powers.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with China

has been characterized by a focus on economic

and strategic cooperation. While some observers

have raised concerns about the implications of

this relationship for regional security and

stability, the Bangladeshi government has

maintained that its ties with China are based on

mutual benefit and do not pose a threat to any

other country in the region.

Sheikh Hasina 61

Relationship with India

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has had a long and complex

relationship with India, the country's closest

neighbor. Her relationship with India can be

understood in the context of Bangladesh's history,

politics, and strategic interests.

India played a crucial role in the creation of

Bangladesh in 1971. Indian military intervention

was instrumental in defeating Pakistan in the

Bangladesh Liberation War, which resulted in the

birth of the nation of Bangladesh. Sheikh Hasina's

father, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, who led the

independence movement, had a close relationship

with India's political leadership at the time,

particularly with Prime Minister Indira Gandhi.

Thus, the foundations of Bangladesh's

relationship with India were laid during the

country's formative years.

In the years that followed, Bangladesh's

relationship with India went through many ups

and downs. India's role in the 1971 war, coupled

with India's support for the Awami League (the

political party Sheikh Hasina belongs to), meant

that India was viewed with suspicion by many in

Bangladesh. Additionally, India's water-sharing

agreement with Bangladesh, which has been a

Sheikh Hasina 62

contentious issue, has strained relations between

the two countries.

However, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with India

has been generally positive since she became the

Prime Minister of Bangladesh in 2009. She has

made several trips to India and has developed

close personal relationships with India's political

leadership, particularly with Prime Minister

Narendra Modi. Under her leadership, Bangladesh

has signed several agreements with India,

including agreements on trade, security, and

infrastructure. The two countries have also

resolved several long-standing disputes,

including the Land Boundary Agreement, which

involved the exchange of enclaves between the

two countries.

One of the main reasons for Sheikh Hasina's

positive relationship with India is her focus on

regional cooperation and connectivity. She has

been a strong advocate of connectivity between

South Asian countries and has promoted the idea

of a "regional comprehensive economic

partnership." In this context, she has actively

sought India's support for regional connectivity

projects such as the Bangladesh-China-India-

Myanmar (BCIM) Economic Corridor and the

South Asian Sub-Regional Economic Cooperation

(SASEC) program.

Sheikh Hasina 63

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with

India has been a complex one, shaped by

historical, political, and strategic factors. While

the relationship has had its ups and downs,

particularly in the early years of Bangladesh's

independence, Sheikh Hasina's positive

relationship with India since she became the

Prime Minister has been instrumental in

strengthening ties between the two countries.

The relationship is likely to continue to evolve in

the years to come, as both countries navigate a

rapidly changing regional and global landscape.

Sheikh Hasina 64

Relationship with Pakistan

Sheikh Hasina is the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh and the daughter of the country's

founder, Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Bangladesh and

Pakistan have a complex relationship, stemming

from the latter's role in the former's independence

struggle in 1971. In this context, Sheikh Hasina's

relationship with Pakistan has been a matter of

interest and debate.

As a leader of an independent and sovereign

nation, Sheikh Hasina has maintained diplomatic

relations with Pakistan, albeit with a cautious and

measured approach. Bangladesh and Pakistan

have both been members of the South Asian

Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC)

since its inception in 1985, and have engaged in

occasional diplomatic dialogue on issues of

mutual concern.

However, Sheikh Hasina has been unequivocal in

her condemnation of Pakistan's role in the 1971

Bangladesh Liberation War, which led to the

deaths of millions of Bengalis and the

displacement of millions more. Her father, Sheikh

Mujibur Rahman, was among those killed in the

conflict. Sheikh Hasina has consistently

demanded an apology from the Pakistani

government for their role in the war and has

sought to bring the perpetrators to justice.

Sheikh Hasina 65

In recent years, Sheikh Hasina has been critical of

Pakistan's alleged support for terrorist groups

operating in the region. She has also expressed

concern over the treatment of the Rohingya

Muslim minority in Myanmar, which has led to a

mass exodus of refugees into Bangladesh.

Despite these differences, Sheikh Hasina has also

sought to promote trade and economic ties

between Bangladesh and Pakistan. In 2021, the

two countries signed a memorandum of

understanding (MOU) to enhance cooperation in

the fields of trade, investment, and tourism.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with

Pakistan is complex and multifaceted, reflecting

the historical and political realities of the region.

While she has been critical of Pakistan's past

actions, she has also sought to engage in

constructive dialogue on issues of mutual

concern. As Bangladesh continues to assert its

place on the world stage, it is likely that the

relationship between these two nations will

continue to evolve.

Sheikh Hasina 66

Relationship with Sri Lanka,

Maldives, Nepal and Bhutan

Sheikh Hasina, the Prime Minister of Bangladesh,

has established close ties with several countries in

the South Asian region, including Sri Lanka,

Maldives, Nepal, and Bhutan. In recent years,

these relationships have grown stronger as

Bangladesh seeks to strengthen its regional

influence and promote economic cooperation and

connectivity.

In terms of its relationship with Sri Lanka,

Bangladesh has been working to enhance

economic and trade ties with the island nation. In

2018, Prime Minister Hasina visited Sri Lanka,

where she held talks with Sri Lankan leaders on

issues such as trade, investment, and security.

The two countries have also signed agreements on

cooperation in several areas, including

agriculture, fisheries, and tourism. In addition,

the two countries have worked together in

international forums such as the UN and the

Commonwealth.

Similarly, Bangladesh has been strengthening its

ties with Maldives, with a focus on boosting

economic cooperation and people-to-people ties.

Prime Minister Hasina visited Maldives in 2019,

where she held talks with Maldivian leaders on

Sheikh Hasina 67

issues such as trade, tourism, and climate change.

The two countries have signed agreements on

several areas of cooperation, including health,

education, and sports.

In the case of Nepal, Bangladesh has been working

to enhance trade and economic ties between the

two countries. In 2018, the two countries signed

several agreements, including an agreement on

the development of hydropower projects in Nepal.

Prime Minister Hasina has also expressed interest

in increasing connectivity between the two

countries, including the possibility of a direct

flight between Dhaka and Kathmandu.

Bangladesh's relationship with Bhutan has also

been growing stronger in recent years, with a

focus on cooperation in areas such as trade,

tourism, and agriculture. In 2018, Prime Minister

Hasina visited Bhutan, where she held talks with

Bhutanese leaders on issues such as economic

cooperation, regional connectivity, and climate

change. The two countries have signed several

agreements on cooperation, including an

agreement on air services.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with Sri

Lanka, Maldives, Nepal, and Bhutan has been

focused on promoting economic cooperation and

connectivity, as well as enhancing people-to-

people ties. These relationships are likely to

Sheikh Hasina 68

continue to grow stronger as Bangladesh seeks to

play a more significant role in the region and

promote regional integration and cooperation.

Sheikh Hasina 69

Relationship with Myanmar

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has had a complicated relationship

with Myanmar, a neighboring country with

which Bangladesh shares a 271 km long border.

The relationship between the two countries has

been shaped by a variety of factors, including

geopolitical considerations, ethnic and religious

tensions, and economic interests.

One of the main sources of tension between

Bangladesh and Myanmar has been the issue of

Rohingya refugees. The Rohingya are a Muslim

minority group that has been living in Myanmar's

Rakhine state for generations, but they have faced

persecution and discrimination from the

government and the majority Buddhist

population. This has led to waves of Rohingya

refugees fleeing into Bangladesh over the years.

In recent years, the situation has escalated, and in

2017, a military crackdown in Rakhine state led to

a mass exodus of over 700,000 Rohingya refugees

into Bangladesh. Sheikh Hasina's government has

been providing humanitarian assistance to these

refugees, but has also been critical of Myanmar's

treatment of the Rohingya and has called for the

international community to take action to

address the crisis.

Sheikh Hasina 70

However, despite the tensions over the Rohingya

issue, Sheikh Hasina's government has also

maintained diplomatic relations with Myanmar.

In 2011, she visited Myanmar and met with the

then-president, Thein Sein, to discuss bilateral

trade and economic cooperation. In 2016, she also

hosted a visit by Aung San Suu Kyi, the leader of

Myanmar's civilian government, and expressed

her hope for improved relations between the two

countries.

More recently, however, the relationship between

Bangladesh and Myanmar has been strained by a

number of issues, including the continued

persecution of the Rohingya and Myanmar's

decision to construct a border fence along the

shared border. In response, Sheikh Hasina's

government has taken a number of measures to

limit trade and travel between the two countries,

and has also been working to raise international

awareness of the Rohingya crisis.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with

Myanmar has been complex, with tensions over

the Rohingya issue, but also a recognition of the

importance of maintaining diplomatic relations

and economic ties between the two countries. As

the situation in Rakhine state continues to evolve,

it remains to be seen how this relationship will

develop in the future.

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Relationship with South East

Asia

Sheikh Hasina is the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, who has been leading the country

since 2009. Over the years, she has established

close ties with many South East Asian nations and

has been an advocate for strengthening regional

cooperation and integration.

One of the key pillars of Sheikh Hasina's foreign

policy has been to deepen Bangladesh's ties with

its South East Asian neighbors. Under her

leadership, Bangladesh has been actively

participating in various regional forums such as

the ASEAN Regional Forum, Bay of Bengal

Initiative for Multi-Sectoral Technical and

Economic Cooperation (BIMSTEC), and the South

Asian Association for Regional Cooperation

(SAARC).

In 2018, Bangladesh hosted the first-ever

BIMSTEC military exercise, which brought

together troops from all seven member states,

including India, Myanmar, Thailand, and Sri

Lanka. The move was seen as a significant step

towards building trust and cooperation among

the countries of the region.

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Sheikh Hasina has also been a strong proponent of

enhancing economic ties with South East Asian

nations. Bangladesh has signed several bilateral

agreements with countries such as Indonesia,

Thailand, and Malaysia, to promote trade and

investment. The Prime Minister has also urged

ASEAN countries to invest in Bangladesh's

infrastructure and energy sectors, highlighting

the country's strategic location as a gateway to

South Asia.

In addition to economic and diplomatic ties,

Sheikh Hasina has also placed great emphasis on

cultural and people-to-people exchanges with

South East Asia. In 2019, Bangladesh and

Indonesia signed a cultural exchange program,

which aimed to promote mutual understanding

and appreciation of each other's cultures.

Bangladesh has also been actively participating in

various South East Asian cultural festivals,

showcasing its rich heritage and traditions.

However, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with

South East Asia has not been without challenges.

The Rohingya refugee crisis, which saw more

than 700,000 Rohingya Muslims fleeing from

Myanmar to Bangladesh in 2017, has strained

relations between Bangladesh and Myanmar. The

Prime Minister has been vocal in her criticism of

Myanmar's handling of the crisis and has called on

Sheikh Hasina 73

the international community to take action to

address the issue.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with

South East Asia has been characterized by a strong

commitment to regional cooperation, economic

integration, and cultural exchange. While there

have been challenges along the way, the Prime

Minister's efforts to deepen ties with South East

Asian nations have contributed to greater

understanding, trust, and prosperity in the

region.

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Relationship with Europe

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has maintained a positive

relationship with Europe during her time in

office. Over the years, she has taken several steps

to strengthen Bangladesh's ties with European

countries, including building economic and

diplomatic relations.

One of the key areas of focus for Sheikh Hasina has

been trade and investment. Under her leadership,

Bangladesh has made significant progress in

improving its business climate, making it more

attractive to European companies. As a result,

several European firms have invested in

Bangladesh in recent years, particularly in the

areas of textiles and garments.

Another important area of cooperation between

Sheikh Hasina's government and Europe has been

development assistance. European countries,

including Germany, France, and the United

Kingdom, have provided aid to Bangladesh for

various development projects, such as improving

healthcare and education. The European Union

has also provided significant financial assistance

to Bangladesh in areas such as climate change

adaptation and disaster management.

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Sheikh Hasina has also prioritized cooperation on

issues such as human rights, democracy, and

governance with Europe. She has engaged in

dialogue with European leaders on these issues,

including during her visits to European countries.

In addition, she has been a vocal advocate for the

Rohingya refugees, who have fled violence in

Myanmar and sought shelter in Bangladesh.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with Europe

has been positive and productive. She has taken

steps to improve Bangladesh's economic and

diplomatic ties with European countries, while

also prioritizing cooperation on issues of mutual

concern. As Bangladesh continues to grow and

develop, it is likely that its relationship with

Europe will remain an important priority for

Sheikh Hasina's government.

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Relationship with Arabs

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has had a long-standing relationship

with Arab countries. This relationship has been

shaped by various political, economic, and

cultural factors over the years.

One of the key factors in Sheikh Hasina's

relationship with the Arab world is her father,

Sheikh Mujibur Rahman. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman

was the founding father of Bangladesh and was a

strong advocate of Arab solidarity. He worked

closely with leaders such as Gamal Abdel Nasser of

Egypt and Muammar Gaddafi of Libya, who were

key figures in the Arab world during the 1960s

and 1970s. Sheikh Mujibur Rahman's close ties

with the Arab world helped to shape Sheikh

Hasina's worldview and her approach to foreign

policy.

Sheikh Hasina's relationship with the Arab world

has also been influenced by Bangladesh's large

expatriate population living in countries such as

Saudi Arabia, Qatar, and the United Arab

Emirates. These countries have become

important economic partners for Bangladesh,

with remittances from expatriate workers

accounting for a significant portion of the

country's GDP. Sheikh Hasina has made efforts to

strengthen economic ties with the Arab world,

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and has visited several countries in the region to

promote trade and investment.

In addition to economic ties, Sheikh Hasina has

also been involved in various cultural and

humanitarian initiatives in the Arab world. She

has been a strong advocate for the rights of the

Palestinian people, and has called for an end to the

Israeli occupation of Palestinian territories.

Sheikh Hasina has also supported humanitarian

efforts in countries such as Syria, Yemen, and

Iraq, where conflicts and humanitarian crises

have led to widespread suffering.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with the

Arab world has been shaped by a variety of

factors, including her father's legacy,

Bangladesh's expatriate population, and her own

personal beliefs and values. While there have been

challenges and disagreements along the way,

Sheikh Hasina has remained committed to

strengthening ties with the Arab world and

promoting peace and prosperity for all.

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Relationship with Japan

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has maintained a strong and positive

relationship with Japan. The relationship

between the two countries dates back to the 1970s

when Japan played a significant role in providing

aid and support to Bangladesh during its struggle

for independence from Pakistan.

Since then, Japan has become a key economic and

development partner for Bangladesh, with the

two countries collaborating on a range of

initiatives in areas such as trade, investment,

infrastructure development, and disaster

management.

One of the most significant developments in the

Bangladesh-Japan relationship has been the

establishment of the Bangladesh Japan

Comprehensive Partnership in 2014. The

partnership aims to deepen and broaden

cooperation between the two countries across a

range of areas, including political, economic, and

cultural ties.

Under Sheikh Hasina's leadership, Bangladesh has

sought to further strengthen its relationship with

Japan. In 2019, she visited Japan on a four-day

official trip, during which she held talks with

Japanese Prime Minister Shinzo Abe and other

Sheikh Hasina 79

senior officials. The visit resulted in several

agreements and memorandums of understanding

(MoUs) between the two countries in areas such as

infrastructure development, disaster

management, and energy.

One of the key areas of collaboration between

Bangladesh and Japan is in the field of

infrastructure development. Japan has provided

significant assistance to Bangladesh in building

key infrastructure projects, such as the Dhaka

Metro Rail project and the Matarbari coal-fired

power plant. Japan has also been involved in the

development of the Chattogram port, which is a

crucial gateway for Bangladesh's trade with the

rest of the world.

In addition to infrastructure development,

Bangladesh and Japan have also cooperated on

disaster management. Japan has provided

assistance to Bangladesh in dealing with natural

disasters such as floods and cyclones, through the

provision of equipment and training for disaster

management personnel.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with Japan

has been one of collaboration and cooperation,

with both countries working together to achieve

common goals. The partnership between

Bangladesh and Japan is likely to continue to grow

and flourish in the years to come, driven by the

Sheikh Hasina 80

shared vision of the two countries to promote

economic growth, development, and stability in

the region.

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Relationship with Canada

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has maintained a positive and cordial

relationship with Canada over the years. Canada

has been a significant development partner for

Bangladesh, and the two countries have

collaborated on various issues such as trade,

climate change, and human rights.

One of the significant areas of cooperation

between Bangladesh and Canada is development

assistance. Canada has been one of the largest

donors of development aid to Bangladesh. The

Canadian International Development Agency

(CIDA) has provided significant financial support

to Bangladesh for various development projects,

including education, health, and agriculture.

Prime Minister Hasina has expressed her

gratitude for Canada's contribution to

Bangladesh's development and has emphasized

the importance of continuing this cooperation.

In terms of trade, Bangladesh has been exporting

goods to Canada for several years, including

garments, textiles, and seafood. Canada is also a

significant source of foreign direct investment in

Bangladesh. The two countries have signed a

number of agreements to strengthen bilateral

trade and investment, including the Foreign

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Investment Promotion and Protection Agreement

(FIPA) in 2014.

On the issue of climate change, Prime Minister

Hasina has been a strong advocate for global

action to address this pressing issue. She has

called on developed countries like Canada to take

a leading role in reducing greenhouse gas

emissions and supporting developing countries to

adapt to the effects of climate change. Canada has

supported Bangladesh's efforts to mitigate the

impacts of climate change through various

initiatives, including the Canada Fund for Local

Initiatives (CFLI) and the International

Development Research Centre (IDRC).

Human rights is another area where Prime

Minister Hasina and Canada have shared

concerns. Both countries have worked together to

promote human rights and democracy, and to

address issues such as gender inequality, violence

against women, and the rights of indigenous

peoples. Canada has also supported Bangladesh's

efforts to address the Rohingya refugee crisis,

providing humanitarian assistance and

advocating for a peaceful resolution to the

conflict.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with

Canada has been one of cooperation and mutual

respect. Canada has been a valuable partner for

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Bangladesh in terms of development assistance,

trade, climate change, and human rights. Prime

Minister Hasina has expressed her commitment

to continuing this positive relationship and

strengthening the ties between the two countries.

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Relationship with Africa

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has had a long-standing relationship

with the African continent. She has been a strong

advocate for increased cooperation and

collaboration between Bangladesh and African

countries, particularly in the areas of trade,

investment, and development.

One of Sheikh Hasina's key initiatives in this

regard has been the establishment of diplomatic

missions in several African countries, including

Ethiopia, South Africa, and Tanzania. These

missions have helped to facilitate increased

dialogue and cooperation between Bangladesh

and African countries, and have led to the signing

of several important bilateral agreements.

In addition to diplomatic efforts, Sheikh Hasina

has also been active in promoting trade and

investment between Bangladesh and African

countries. In 2016, she led a delegation of

Bangladeshi business leaders to Ethiopia, where

they signed several trade agreements and

explored opportunities for investment and

collaboration.

Sheikh Hasina has also been a strong advocate for

increased development assistance to African

countries. Bangladesh has been a major

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contributor to the African Development Fund, a

multilateral development finance institution that

provides loans and grants to African countries for

a range of development projects.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's relationship with Africa

has been characterized by a commitment to

increased cooperation and collaboration in the

areas of trade, investment, and development.

Through her efforts, Bangladesh has become an

increasingly important player in African affairs,

and has helped to build stronger ties between the

two regions.

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Political Trips

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, is known for her frequent political

trips both domestically and internationally.

These trips have played a significant role in

shaping the country's political, economic, and

diplomatic landscape.

Domestically, Sheikh Hasina's political trips often

involve visiting various regions of Bangladesh to

meet with local officials and community leaders,

inaugurate development projects, and address

public gatherings. Through these trips, she has

been able to understand the needs and concerns of

different communities and develop policies to

address them. Additionally, her visits have helped

to strengthen the bonds between different

regions of Bangladesh and promote national

unity.

Internationally, Sheikh Hasina's political trips

have been focused on promoting Bangladesh's

economic and diplomatic interests. She has

traveled to numerous countries, including the

United States, China, India, Japan, and many

others, to meet with world leaders and participate

in high-level international forums. Through these

trips, she has been able to attract foreign

investment, strengthen economic ties with other

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countries, and promote Bangladesh's image on the

global stage.

One of Sheikh Hasina's notable political trips was

her visit to India in 2010, where she signed a

landmark agreement to settle a longstanding

border dispute between the two countries. This

agreement helped to normalize relations between

the two countries and paved the way for increased

trade and economic cooperation.

Another important political trip was Sheikh

Hasina's visit to China in 2019, where she signed

several agreements to increase Chinese

investment in Bangladesh's infrastructure and

development projects. This visit helped to

strengthen the economic ties between the two

countries and cement Bangladesh's position as a

key player in China's ambitious Belt and Road

Initiative.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's political trips have

been crucial in shaping Bangladesh's political,

economic, and diplomatic landscape. Her visits

have helped to address the needs and concerns of

different communities, attract foreign

investment, and promote Bangladesh's image on

the global stage. As such, these trips have played a

vital role in the development of Bangladesh and

its rise as a key player in the international

community.

Sheikh Hasina 88

Sheikh Hasina's Leadership

Sheikh Hasina is the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, having held the position since 2009.

She has also served as the Prime Minister of

Bangladesh from 1996 to 2001. Sheikh Hasina's

leadership is characterized by her commitment to

promoting economic development, ensuring

social justice and gender equality, and

maintaining political stability in Bangladesh.

Under Sheikh Hasina's leadership, Bangladesh has

experienced significant economic growth. The

country's GDP has grown at an average rate of 6%

per year over the last decade, and poverty rates

have declined significantly. Sheikh Hasina has

placed a strong emphasis on infrastructure

development, which has helped to create jobs and

boost economic growth. She has also prioritized

investment in education and healthcare, which

has improved the well-being of the country's

citizens.

Sheikh Hasina has been a strong advocate for

gender equality and women's empowerment. She

has introduced a number of policies aimed at

promoting women's rights, including measures to

increase women's participation in politics,

improve access to education and healthcare, and

combat violence against women. She has also

been a vocal proponent of the rights of minority

Sheikh Hasina 89

groups, including the Rohingya refugees from

neighboring Myanmar.

One of Sheikh Hasina's most notable

achievements has been her role in maintaining

political stability in Bangladesh. The country has

a history of political unrest, and Sheikh Hasina

has worked to promote dialogue and compromise

between different political factions. She has also

taken a strong stance against terrorism and

extremism, and has been instrumental in

countering the threat of radicalization in

Bangladesh.

Despite these achievements, Sheikh Hasina's

leadership has not been without controversy.

Some critics have accused her of suppressing

political dissent and restricting freedom of

expression. Others have criticized her

government's response to natural disasters and

the treatment of Rohingya refugees.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's leadership has

been characterized by a commitment to economic

development, social justice, and political stability

in Bangladesh. While her leadership has not been

without controversy, she has been widely

recognized for her efforts to promote gender

equality, women's empowerment, and the rights

of minority groups.

Sheikh Hasina 90

Fight against COVID-19

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has been at the forefront of the fight

against COVID-19 in her country. Since the first

COVID-19 case was reported in Bangladesh in

March 2020, Sheikh Hasina has taken a number of

measures to prevent the spread of the virus and

mitigate its impact on the population.

One of the first measures Sheikh Hasina took was

to form a national committee to deal with COVID-

19. The committee was tasked with coordinating

the efforts of various government agencies,

healthcare providers, and other stakeholders to

ensure an effective response to the pandemic.

Sheikh Hasina also directed the committee to

work closely with the World Health Organization

and other international organizations to learn

from their experiences and adopt best practices.

Another key measure taken by Sheikh Hasina was

to impose strict lockdowns and social distancing

measures. These measures were intended to slow

the spread of the virus and prevent the healthcare

system from becoming overwhelmed. Sheikh

Hasina recognized that these measures would be

difficult for many people, especially those in low-

income households, and she implemented a

number of economic relief measures to help those

who were affected.

Sheikh Hasina 91

In addition to these measures, Sheikh Hasina also

focused on increasing the capacity of the

healthcare system to deal with the pandemic. This

involved building new hospitals, increasing the

number of healthcare workers, and providing

them with the necessary personal protective

equipment (PPE) to stay safe while treating

COVID-19 patients.

Sheikh Hasina also recognized the importance of

a coordinated global response to the pandemic.

She has called for increased international

cooperation and assistance to help countries that

are struggling to cope with the virus. In particular,

she has highlighted the need for greater access to

vaccines for developing countries, which have

been disproportionately affected by the

pandemic.

Thanks in part to Sheikh Hasina's efforts,

Bangladesh has been able to manage the pandemic

relatively well compared to many other countries

in the region. However, the country still faces

significant challenges, particularly with regard to

vaccine distribution and the potential for new

variants of the virus to emerge. Sheikh Hasina has

continued to urge caution and vigilance in the

face of these challenges, while also emphasizing

the need for continued economic relief measures

to help those who have been affected by the

pandemic.

Sheikh Hasina 92

Fight against Corruption

Sheikh Hasina, the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh, has made fighting corruption a top

priority of her administration. Under her

leadership, the government has taken significant

steps to curb corruption in various sectors,

including politics, business, and administration.

One of the most notable actions taken by Sheikh

Hasina was the formation of the Anti-Corruption

Commission (ACC) in 2004. The ACC was

established to investigate and prosecute

corruption cases and to recover illegally acquired

assets. The ACC has been given the power to

investigate individuals, organizations, and even

government officials accused of corruption.

Since its establishment, the ACC has been

successful in bringing several high-profile

corruption cases to trial, resulting in the

conviction of many influential politicians,

bureaucrats, and business people. Sheikh Hasina's

government has also taken measures to

strengthen the ACC's investigative and

prosecutorial powers, including amendments to

the Anti-Corruption Act.

Another significant step taken by Sheikh Hasina's

government was the implementation of the

Digital Bangladesh program. This program aims

Sheikh Hasina 93

to reduce corruption by promoting transparency

and accountability in government services

through the use of technology. For instance, the

program has digitized many government

services, making them more accessible to the

public and reducing opportunities for corruption.

Sheikh Hasina's government has also taken steps

to promote transparency in the business sector.

For example, the government has required

companies to publish their financial statements,

making it easier to detect and prevent fraudulent

practices. The government has also established an

online portal to receive complaints related to

corruption and has encouraged whistleblowers to

report corruption without fear of reprisal.

In addition to these measures, Sheikh Hasina has

also emphasized the importance of public

awareness and education in the fight against

corruption. Her government has launched several

campaigns aimed at raising public awareness of

the negative effects of corruption and the

importance of integrity and ethical behavior.

Despite these efforts, corruption remains a

significant challenge in Bangladesh. However,

Sheikh Hasina's government has made significant

progress in reducing corruption in various

sectors, and her commitment to this issue has

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been widely recognized both nationally and

internationally.

Sheikh Hasina 95

Personal and Family Life

Sheikh Hasina is the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh and has been a prominent figure in

the country's political landscape for decades.

However, she has also had a significant personal

and family life, which has shaped her political

career.

Sheikh Hasina was born on September 28, 1947,

in Tungipara, a small village in present-day

Gopalganj district in Bangladesh. She is the eldest

daughter of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman, who is

considered the father of the nation for his role in

the country's independence from Pakistan in

1971.

Hasina was married to M. A. Wazed Miah, a

nuclear scientist, in 1968. Together, they had one

son, Sajeeb Wazed, who is a prominent political

figure in Bangladesh, passed away in 2009, after a

long battle with cancer.

Sheikh Hasina has two sons and one daughter.

Her eldest son, Sajeeb Wazed, is a prominent

figure in Bangladeshi politics and serves as the ICT

advisor to the Prime Minister. Her younger son,

Saimul Wazed, is a businessman who currently

resides in the United States. Her daughter, Saima

Wazed, is an advocate for the rights of individuals

Sheikh Hasina 96

with autism and serves as a Goodwill Ambassador

for the World Health Organization.

Sajeeb Wazed, also known as Joy, was born in

1971 and educated in the United States. He

obtained his Bachelor's degree from the

University of Delaware and a Master's degree from

the Kennedy School of Government at Harvard

University. In 2008, he returned to Bangladesh to

campaign for his mother's political party, the

Awami League. He played a key role in the party's

social media campaign and helped to secure their

victory in the 2008 elections. Since then, he has

been working as an ICT advisor to the Prime

Minister and is widely regarded as one of the most

influential figures in Bangladeshi politics.

Saimul Wazed, Sheikh Hasina's younger son, was

born in 1977 and is a businessman who currently

resides in the United States. He obtained his

Bachelor's degree from the University of Michigan

and a Master's degree from the Columbia

University Graduate School of Journalism. He has

worked in various industries, including finance,

media, and real estate.

Saima Wazed, Sheikh Hasina's only daughter, was

born in 1972 and is an advocate for the rights of

individuals with autism. She was diagnosed with

autism at a young age and has since dedicated her

life to raising awareness about the condition. She

serves as a Goodwill Ambassador for the World

Sheikh Hasina 97

Health Organization and is a member of the

Global Expert Panel on Mental Health. She has also

founded the Shuchona Foundation, which works

to promote the rights of individuals with autism

in Bangladesh.

Hasina's personal life has been marked by tragedy

and hardship. Her father, mother, and three

brothers were assassinated in a military coup in

1975, just four years after the country gained

independence. Hasina and her sister, Sheikh

Rehana, were the only surviving members of the

family, as they were visiting West Germany at the

time.

After the assassination of her family members,

Hasina went into exile in India, where she

continued her political activities and founded the

Awami League, the party she now leads. She

returned to Bangladesh in 1981, after the military

dictator General Ziaur Rahman was assassinated

and his successor allowed her to return.

In 1996, Hasina became the Prime Minister of

Bangladesh for the first time, serving until 2001.

She was re-elected in 2008 and has been in power

ever since.

Despite the challenges she has faced in her

personal life, Sheikh Hasina has remained a

resilient and determined leader. She has

Sheikh Hasina 98

implemented a number of policies and initiatives

aimed at improving the lives of Bangladeshis,

including initiatives to address poverty, increase

access to education and healthcare, and promote

economic development.

Overall, while Sheikh Hasina's personal and

family life has been marked by tragedy and

hardship, she has remained a committed public

servant and has worked tirelessly to improve the

lives of the people of Bangladesh.

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Honors and Awards

Sheikh Hasina is the current Prime Minister of

Bangladesh and one of the most respected leaders

in the country's history. She has received

numerous honors and awards for her

contributions to Bangladesh and the world at

large. In this article, we will take a closer look at

some of Sheikh Hasina's most significant awards

and honors.

United Nations Award - In 2015, Sheikh Hasina

received the United Nations Award for her

leadership in achieving the Millennium

Development Goals. This award recognized her

government's significant progress in reducing

poverty, improving healthcare, and promoting

education.

Indira Gandhi Peace Prize - In 2009, Sheikh Hasina

was awarded the prestigious Indira Gandhi Peace

Prize for her contributions to the fields of peace,

development, and democracy.

UNESCO Peace Tree Award - Sheikh Hasina was

awarded the UNESCO Peace Tree Award in 1998

for her contributions to promoting peace and

understanding between different cultures and

religions.

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Global Women's Leadership Award - In 2018,

Sheikh Hasina received the Global Women's

Leadership Award for her exceptional leadership

and commitment to promoting women's rights

and gender equality.

South-South Award - In 2013, Sheikh Hasina

received the South-South Award for her

significant contributions to promoting economic

and social development in developing countries.

International Achievement Award - In 2011,

Sheikh Hasina received the International

Achievement Award for her outstanding

contributions to global peace, development, and

democracy.

Friends of Liberation War Honor - In 2012, Sheikh

Hasina was awarded the Friends of Liberation

War Honor, Bangladesh's highest civilian award,

for her exceptional leadership during the

country's war of independence.

Order of the Crown - In 2019, Sheikh Hasina was

awarded the Order of the Crown by the

government of Belgium for her contributions to

promoting peace, development, and human

rights.

Global Leadership Award - In 2014, Sheikh Hasina

received the Global Leadership Award for her

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exceptional leadership and commitment to

promoting global peace and security.

Doctor of Letters - Sheikh Hasina has received

numerous honorary doctorate degrees from

universities around the world, including the

University of Dhaka, the University of Oxford,

and the Australian National University.

Overall, Sheikh Hasina's numerous honors and

awards reflect her exceptional leadership,

commitment to promoting peace, development,

and democracy, and dedication to promoting

women's rights and gender equality. Her

contributions to Bangladesh and the world at

large are truly remarkable and deserving of

recognition.

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Legacy & Criticism

Sheikh Hasina Wajed is a prominent political

leader in Bangladesh and has served as the Prime

Minister of Bangladesh for four terms. She has

been in power since 2009 and is the daughter of

the founding father of Bangladesh, Sheikh

Mujibur Rahman. Her legacy and criticisms are

discussed below:

Legacy:

Economic Development: One of Sheikh Hasina's

significant contributions to Bangladesh's legacy is

her focus on economic development. During her

tenure, Bangladesh has seen significant economic

growth and is now considered a middle-income

country.

Women Empowerment: Sheikh Hasina is a strong

advocate for women's empowerment and has

worked tirelessly to improve women's rights in

Bangladesh. Under her leadership, Bangladesh has

achieved significant progress in reducing gender

inequality.

Infrastructure Development: Sheikh Hasina has

placed a strong emphasis on infrastructure

development and has initiated many projects to

improve transportation, energy, and

communication networks in the country. This

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has helped to improve the quality of life for many

Bangladeshis.

Environmental Protection: Sheikh Hasina is

committed to environmental protection and has

implemented many policies to reduce carbon

emissions, promote renewable energy, and

protect forests and wildlife.

Criticism:

Human Rights Violations: Sheikh Hasina's

government has been accused of human rights

violations, including extrajudicial killings,

enforced disappearances, and torture. Human

rights organizations have criticized her

government for stifling dissent and limiting

freedom of expression.

Corruption: Sheikh Hasina's government has also

been accused of corruption, and many of her

ministers and officials have been involved in

high-profile corruption scandals. Critics argue

that corruption is hindering economic

development and is contributing to poverty in the

country.

Political Oppression: Sheikh Hasina's government

has been accused of oppressing political

opponents, including arresting and imprisoning

opposition leaders and activists. The government

has been criticized for limiting political freedoms

Sheikh Hasina 104

and for manipulating the media to present a

positive image of the government.

Religious Intolerance: Sheikh Hasina's

government has also been accused of religious

intolerance, particularly against the country's

Hindu minority. There have been reports of

Hindu temples being attacked and vandalized,

and Hindus being forcibly converted to Islam.

In conclusion, Sheikh Hasina's legacy is mixed,

with significant achievements in economic

development, women's empowerment, and

infrastructure development, but also criticism for

human rights violations, corruption, political

oppression, and religious intolerance.

Sheikh Hasina: Prime Minister of Bangladesh

Abstract

Recommended publications

Principal Motiur Rahman

Sheikh Hasina of Bangladesh: Politics, Personality and Policies

BANGABANDHU SHEIKH MUJIBUR RAHMAN

University of Dhaka Assignment on: Political Parties in Bangladesh