گروه الکترونیک و برق مهندسی دانشکده قدرت رساله دکتری قدرت گرایش برق مهندسی رشته در مدل سازی طراحی و ماشین های دائم آهنربا ش شارسوئیچ ده جاروبک بدون با مکانیکی درگاه دو نگارش: شیرزاد احسان راهنما: استاد رهیده اکبر دکتر مهر ماه 1400
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Nowadays flux switching machines (FSMs) offer important role in various high torque applications. In these machines, the flux sources such as field excitation coil (FEC), armature winding and permanent magnet (PM) are located in the stator while leaving the rotor part as winding less. However, FSMs with single stator associate with limited free space for active sources in stator, which leads to some drawbacks of complicated structure, less path for flux flow, flux cancellations, heat generation and demagnetizing effects. To overcome this issue, FSMs using double stator (DS) have been proposed by many researchers which provide more free space for active sources and flux to flow. Therefore, in this paper design and performance of DS FSMs with various excitation sources such as field excitation FE FSMs, PM FSMs and hybrid excitation HE FSMs are reviewed. All the highlighted insights and recommendations of this review will hopefully lead to increasing efforts towards the development of advanced DS FSMs for various applications.
In this paper, a novel dual flux modulation (DFM) machine with consequent-pole spoke-array permanent magnets (PMs) in both stator and rotor is proposed to achieve a larger torque density than regular flux modulation machines. The stator has two portions of PMs, one is set next to the stator slot with circumferential magnetization, and the other is inserted between the stator yoke and flux bridge with radial magnetization. The rotor has consequent-pole spoke-array PMs and alternative flux bridges. The proposed DFMPM machine can be regarded as the combination of the flux switching PM (FSPM) machine and vernier PM (VPM) machine. First, the structure and operational principle are introduced. Then, the proposed 12-stator-slot/10-rotor-tooth dual flux modulation permanent magnet (DFMPM) machine is compared with the FSPM machine and VPM machine in terms of flux lines distribution, back-electromotive force (EMF), cogging torque and average torque. Finally, the four proposed DFMPM machines are optimized for maximum average torque and minimum ripple torque considering the effects of split ratio, slot opening ratio, PM depth, PM angle and iron angle.
This paper proposes the permeance and inductance modelling of a new double-stator hybrid-excited flux-switching permanent-magnet (DSHE-FSPM) machine. Firstly, based on the machine design, the DS coupling analysis is presented, which refers to the mutual influence between double stators. Actually, different coupling degree leads to different modelling methods of DS machines, which reduces the workload and increases the modelling efficiency. For DS-FSPM machines, the main affecting factors of coupling degree are the rotor configuration, PM mutual suppression and load condition. Specific influences of all the factors are summarized. Secondly, based on coupling analysis, analytical permeance magnetomotive-force (MMF) model fit for typical DS-FSPM machines is built up. Effects of hybrid excitation and flux barriers are also taken into consideration. The analytical results accommodate great agreement with simulated counterparts. Thirdly, based on the magnetic field deduction, the inductance model is built, considering leakage inductances. As a result, the analytical inductance well agrees with the simulated and measured counterparts within the calculation error of 5%. Also, the inductance mismatch experiments are carried out with the prototype, which can further verify the modelling of the proposed DSHE-FSPM machine.
This paper presents a fast analytical model for estimating the components of the PM flux density distribution in the air-gap for a number of interior permanent magnet synchronous machines (IPMSMs). Deriving the two-dimensional (2-D) analytical model for IPMSMs is more challenging compared to that of surface-mounted permanent magnet synchronous machines (SPMSMs) due to the inconsistent geometry of the rotor in polar coordinates. IPMSMs are usually modeled by using 0-D or 1-D methods such as the magnetic equivalent circuit (MEC); however, the MEC method is unable to take into account the tangential component of the magnetic flux density vector. In this paper, a 2-D analytical no-load electromagnetic model for five rotor topologies of IPMSMs is proposed. The effects of the stator slots on the radial component of the PM flux density distribution in the air-gap are then included by defining an air-gap function. The effects of the stator slots on the tangential components of the PM flux density distribution in the air-gap are also considered by injecting virtual surface currents (VSCs) or virtual permanent magnets (VPMs). For verification purposes, the analytical results are compared with those of the finite element method (FEM) and the experimental results of one of the cases.
Three lumped-parameter magnetic circuit (LMC) models of dual-armature flux-switching permanent magnet (DA-FSPM) machines are proposed and compared in this paper. Firstly, the characteristics of the magnetic flux fields produced by the PM, stator armature reaction and rotor armature reaction flux sources are analyzed, with particular attention paid to the air-gap and slot leakage flux paths. Based on the former analyses, three LMC models are developed, which consider the air-gap and slot leakage permeances in different ways. The electromagnetic performances of the DA-FSPM machines are predicted by the three LMC models and validated by finite-element method, including the flux linkage, average torque, inductance, and power factor. The model accuracy sensitivity to the geometric parameters, copper loss allocation, electric loading, stator pole/rotor tooth number combinations, power level and conductor distributions are analyzed. It shows that appropriate consideration of slot leakage permeance is important to improve the model accuracy.
A novel flux switching permanent magnet linear motor (FSPMLM), which has the advantages of high thrust density (the ratio of average thrust to permanent magnet volume) and low cost for long-stroke application, is proposed and investigated in this paper. The topology of the novel FSPMLM with 12 slots is introduced and the basic operating principle is analyzed firstly. The optimalgeometric parameters are selected by using the layered orthogonal optimization method. Then the electromagnetic performance of the motor is investigated by the analytical method based on the equivalent magnetic network model (MNM). Finally, a scheme of setting auxiliary teeth in the primary component is adopt to suppress the unbalance of the three phase flux linkages.
In this paper, key dimensions of a co-axial dual-mechanical-port flux-switching permanent magnet (CADMP-FSPM) machine for fuel-based extended range electric vehicles (ER-EVs), including split ratio, stator/rotor pole arcs, rotor yoke thickness, etc., are analyzed and optimized. Firstly, the topologies and operation principles of an exampled 3-phase CADMP-FSPM are introduced briefly, in which an inner-rotor FSPM machine with 12-stator-slots/10-rotor-poles for high-speed generation and an outer-rotor FSPM machine with 12-stator-slots/22-rotor-poles for low-speed motoring are assembled co-axially. Then, the relationship between the key dimensions and electromagnetic performance, particularly for electromagnetic torque (power), of the CADMP-FSPM machine is studied by 2D-finite element analysis (FEA). Further, the reasonable matches of split ratio, rotor/stator pole arcs and rotor yoke are determined and the original CADMP-FSPM machine is optimized correspondingly. Finally, the static characteristics, including no-load PM flux-linkage, electro-motive-force (EMF), winding inductances, cogging torques and electromagnetic torques, of the original and optimized machines are compared by 2D-FEA. The results verify that the optimized CADMP-FSPM machine can exhibit improved torque characteristics than the original one, i.e., the torque ripples of the inner and outer machines can be reduced by 22.7% and 4.7%, respectively, and the average torque of the inner and outer machines can be increased by 0.43Nm and 2Nm, respectively.
This paper deals with dynamic models for three-phase bearingless flux-switching permanent-magnet (FSPM) linear machines. This machine type can be used to build a magnetically levitating long-range linear drive system, whose rail does not need any active materials apart from iron. A dynamic machine model is developed by means of equivalent magnetic models, taking into account air-gap variation and magnetic saturation. The effects of these phenomena are analyzed using finite-element method (FEM) simulations of a test machine. The parameters of the proposed model can be identified using the FEM or measured data. The model can be applied to real-time control and time-domain simulations. The model is validated by means of experiments.
In this paper, a novel double-rotor flux-switching permanent-magnet (DR-FSPM) motor is proposed for electric vehicles with the capability of magnetic differential (MagD). The key is to introduce a new set of winding which magnetically couples with the two rotors of the DR-FSPM motor in such a way that the magnetic coupling winding field can interact with the PM fields in the two rotors. Hence, the differential torque can be generated between wheels to achieve accurate cornering during vehicle steering. Consequently, the proposed system can offer higher efficiency and compactness than the conventional mechanical differential system, while provide higher reliability and safer operation than the electronic differential system. The operation principle and performances of the proposed DR-FSPM motor are thoroughly analyzed by finite element analysis while the proposed MagD system is also evaluated with system simulation. Finally, the motor prototype is built while the prototype and MagD system are tested for experimental verification.