No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
2022-Checkliste-D-Herzogia 35 (1) Teil 2
Abstract
The present work lists 2051 lichens, 520 lichenicolous and 55 allied fungi, altogether 2626 taxa and their synonyms,
whose occurrence has been reported from the territory of the Federal Republic of Germany by the end of 2021. The list
is based on the last species list published in 2011 and comprises 326 new records as well as 428 nomenclatural changes
published in 253 publications between 2012 and 2021. The list also includes 114 taxa, mostly from the Verrucariaceae,
whose status is still considered problematic.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
Brief comments are provided on 32 taxa of lichens or lichenicolous fungi that are either new for the state of Hesse or have long not been confirmed. Three species are new for Germany: Endocarpon adsurgens, Lichenochora aipoliae and Tremella candelariellae.
Brief comments are provided on 43 taxa of lichens or lichenicolous fungi that have been newly reported for Hesse or rediscovered after a long absence, including some species rarely found in Hesse to date. Three lichenicolous fungi are new for Germany: Arthonia rinodinicola, Didymocyrtis grumantiana and Psammina simplex. Paralecanographa grumulosa and Stigmidium bellemerei are rediscovered species for Germany. As a result of recent taxonomic studies, the list is also extended to include Arthonia parietinaria and Ramalina europaea. Arthonia molendoi should be deleted from the list for Hesse.
This paper provides an updated classification of the Kingdom Fungi (including fossil fungi) and fungus-like taxa. Five-hundred and twenty-three (535) notes are provided for newly introduced taxa and for changes that have been made since the previous outline. In the discussion, the latest taxonomic changes in Basidiomycota are provided and the classification of Mycosphaerellales are broadly discussed. Genera listed in Mycosphaerellaceae have been confirmed by DNA sequence analyses, while doubtful genera (DNA sequences being unavailable but traditionally accommodated in Mycosphaerellaceae) are listed in the discussion. Problematic genera in Glomeromycota are also discussed based on phylogenetic results.
Kurzfassung Von 40 seltenen oder hinsichtlich ihrer Ökologie be-merkenswerten Arten werden Vorkommen genannt und Habitatverhältnisse beschrieben, so für die in Deutschland oder Frankreich jüngst neu nachgewie-senen Caloplaca squamuloisidiata, Candelariella bole-ana, Stereocaulon leucophaeopsis, Strigula ziziphi und Toniniopsis dissimilis. Es werden mitteleuropäische Vorkommen der beiden kürzlich unterschiedenen Arten von Sarea difformis s. lat. genannt. Die Vergesellschaf-tung von Rinodina malangica, R. orculata, Maronea constans und Candelariella boleana wird belegt. Abstract New and noteworthy records of lichens and lichenicolous fungi from southern Germany and adjacent regions Occurrences and habitat conditions of 40 rare or ecologically noteworthy species are dealt with, e. g. of Caloplaca squamuloisidiata, Candelariella boleana, Stereocaulon leucophaeopsis, Strigula ziziphi and Toniniopsis dissimilis, which were recorded recently as new to France or Germany. Central European records of the newly differentiated species of Sarea difformis s. lat. are noted. The phytosociology of Rinodina malan-gica, R. orculata, Maronea constans and Candelariella boleana is documented.
Hafellner, J. 2021: Carbonea tephromelae in the European Alps and selected distributional data for other Carbonea species. – Fritschiana (Graz) 97: 19–34.
Abstract: Specimens previously determined as Carbonea assimilis, all lichenicolous on Tephromela atra and originating from the Eastern Alps (Austria and Italy), have been revised and found conspecific with the recently described Carbonea tephromelae. According to our observations C. tephromelae is a lichenized-lichenicolous species. Material of a number of additional Carbonea species has been used for comparison and the label data have been listed, resulting in notable range extensions for some lichenicolous species, namely C. aggregantula (first records for Slovenia and China), C. herteliana (first records for Germany, Italy, and Slovenia), C. intrudens (first records for Germany, Pakistan, and Canada), C. super-sparsa, and C. vitellinaria (first records for Australia).
A first checklist of lichenicolous fungi of Thuringia with 130 species is presented. Refractohilum peltigerae and Unguiculariopsis lesdainii is new to Germany, and the species Arthonia parietinaria, Carbonea supersparsa, Didymocyrtis cladoniicola, D. slaptoniensis, Endococcus exerrans, Epilichen scabrosus, Karschia talcophila, Lichenochora obscurioides, Lichenodiplis pertusariicola, Lichenostigma cosmopolites, Lichenothelia rugosa, Merismatium heterophractum, Milospium lacoizquetae, Nectriopsis lecanodes, Pezizella epithallina, Pleospora physciae, Polycoccum arnoldii, Sphinctrina leucopoda, Stigmidium eucline, S. mycobilimbiae, S. pseudopeltideae, S. squamariae, Taeniolella phaeophysciae and Trichoconis physciicola are first records for Thuringia.
Sequencing of the type species of Arthopyrenia places Arthopyreniaceae as a synonym of Trypetheliaceae. Mycosphere 12(1), 993-1011, Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/X/X/X Abstract Arthopyrenia sensu lato comprises lichenicolous, lichenized and non-lichenized saprotrophic species; however, the lifestyle of several taxa as either lichenized or saprotrophic remains unclear. The systematic position of the genus was so far unresolved: while sequenced species appeared in different clades within Dothideomycetes, the type species, A. cerasi, had no molecular data so far. In lieu of sequence data, the family Arthopyreniaceae was assigned to Pleosporales, whereas tropical, lichenized species were reclassified in Constrictolumina and Macroconstrictolumina, shown to belong in Trypetheliaceae (Trypetheliales). In this study, the generic type, A. cerasi, has been sequenced for the first time. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian phylogenetic analyses using mtSSU and nuLSU sequences recovered Arthopyrenia sensu stricto as an early diverging lineage within Trypetheliaceae, separate from Constrictolumina and Macroconstrictolumina but in the same clade as the temperate, non-lichenized Julella fallaciosa. Therefore, Arthopyreniaceae is here synonymized under Trypetheliaceae and the taxonomic placement of its type species is discussed based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence. Our phylogenetic results further support the Mycosphere 12(1): 993-1011 (2021) www.mycosphere.org ISSN 2077 7019 Article Doi 10.5943/mycosphere/12/1/10 994 polyphyly of non-lichenized, temperate species of Arthopyrenia and Julella sensu lato. Consequently, Julella fallaciosa is transferred to Arthopyrenia and its close relationship with A. cerasi is discussed. We also conducted ancestor character state analysis to reconstruct lifestyle changes within Trypetheliales using Bayes Traits and Bayesian Binary MCMC approaches.
Brackel, W.v.: Lichenicolous fungi from Campania (Italy).-Borziana 2: 031-068. 2021-ISSN: 2724-5020 online. During a two weeks excursion to Campania in 2016, 36 lichenologically interesting sites were visited. The results of these field studies with special emphasis on lichenicolous fungi are presented , completed with data from the literature. The resulting list comprises 56 species based on original data (own recent records) and 29 species known only from literature ; now 85 species of lichenicolous fungi are known from Campania (80 non-lichenized, obligatory lichenicolous fungi). Among these, one species (Microsphaeropsis lichenicola) is new to Europe, one species (Feltgeniomyces luxemburgensis) is new to Italy and 47 species are new to Campania. The new species Endococcus collematis Brackel is described. Provisional descriptions are given for Arthonia sp. (on Pannaria conoplea), Capronia lecanorae ad int. (on Lecanora horiza), Lichenopeltella lecanoricola ad int. (on L. horiza), Polycoccum sp. (on Romjularia lurida) and Stigmidium sp. (on Xanthoparmelia conspersa). In the Table 1, a list of all noted lichens from the 36 visited sites is given.
In recent years, several species that have long been considered to belong in Bacidia s. lat. have been transferred to other genera such as Bellicidia , Bibbya , Scutula , and also to Toniniopsis , accommodating species previously placed in Bacidia and Toninia . One of its widespread species, Toniniopsis subincompta , can be recognized by its thinly granular thallus, dark brown to black apothecia, green epithecium, red-brown hypothecium, and bacilliform ascospores. However, it shows considerable variation in thallus structure, and coloration of apothecia, hypothecium and exciple. We sequenced 20 specimens of T. subincompta to investigate whether there is phylogenetic support for the delimitation of species in accordance with the variability of the observed characters. For phylogenetic analyses, we used newly generated sequence data from the nuclear internal transcribed spacer (nrITS), mitochondrial small subunit (mtSSU) and DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit ( RPB 2). Maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference analyses, as well as three species delimitation programs, provided consistent evidence that T. subincompta forms two separate lineages, to be recognized at the species level. The complex nomenclature of T. subincompta (basionym Lecidea subincompta ) shows it to be a synonym of Bellicidia incompta . For the most common taxon previously called Bacidia ( Toniniopsis ) subincompta , the new combination T. separabilis is made, rather than proposing a conserved type for Lecidea subincompta . Toniniopsis dissimilis is newly described to accommodate the less common taxon. Toniniopsis dissimilis is characterized by a predominantly wrinkled to warted to subsquamulose thallus; generally grey-brown to dark brown apothecia, often with a lighter margin; a dark brown hypothecium, frequently gradually merging into the coloration of the exciple below and the lateral part of the exciple attached to the hymenium; a mostly colourless rim and lateral part of the exciple. The closely related T. separabilis is characterized by a thallus of mostly single or contiguous ±loose granules, often forming short, coralloid, isidium-like bulges; darker apothecia, with a margin mostly of the same colour or darker than the disc; a comparatively thinner hypothecium easily separated from the exciple below. The rim and lateral part of the exciple often contain either a blue, brown or mixed blue-brown colour in the upper part or along the whole margin. Lectotypes of Bacidia vegeta , Lecidea bacillifera f. melanotica and Secoliga atrosanguinea var. affinis (the synonyms of T. separabilis ) are selected. Cyanotrophy and the occurrence of albino morphs in T. separabilis are discussed.
Since its resurrection, the resinicolous discomycete genus Sarea has been accepted as containing two species, one with black apothecia and pycnidia, and one with orange. We investigate this hypothesis using three ribosomal (nuITS, nuLSU, mtSSU) regions from and morphological examination of 70 specimens collected primarily in Europe and North America. The results of our analyses support separation of the traditional Sarea difformis s.lat. and Sarea resinae s.lat. into two distinct genera, Sarea and Zythia . Sarea as circumscribed is shown to conservatively comprise three phylospecies, with one corresponding to Sarea difformis s.str. and two, morphologically indistinguishable, corresponding to the newly combined Sarea coeloplata . Zythia is provisionally maintained as monotypic, containing only a genetically and morphologically variable Z. resinae . The new genus Atrozythia is erected for the new species A. klamathica . Arthrographis lignicola is placed in this genus on molecular grounds, expanding the concept of Sareomycetes by inclusion of a previously unknown type of asexual morph. Dating analyses using additional marker regions indicate the emergence of the Sareomycetes was roughly concurrent with the diversification of the genus Pinus , suggesting that this group of fungi emerged to exploit the newly-available resinous ecological niche supplied by Pinus or another, extinct group of conifers. Our phylogeographic studies also permitted us to study the introductions of these fungi to areas where they are not native, including Antarctica, Cape Verde, and New Zealand and are consistent with historical hypotheses of introduction.
The monographer A.H. Magnusson considered Acarospora fusca to be a member of the morphologically defined A. smaragdula group, most of whose members are now recognized in the phylogenetically circumscribed genus Myriospora. Recently A. fusca has been considered a synonym of M. rufescens. This study presents newly generated ITS, mtSSU and LSU sequences from the neotype of A. fusca that show the species does not match M. rufescens or Myriospora. Instead, the data support that A. fusca belongs to Acarospora and Magnusson's interpretation that A. fusca is distinct from M. rufescens. The newly generated sequences of A. fusca were identical to those generated from two specimens identified as A. anomala and collected on a wood fence in Sweden.
Abstract: Lichens oft the inland dunes of Sorgwohld (District Rendsburg-
Eckernförde)
The inland dunes of Sorgwohld are covered by heathland and small woodlands as part of a postglacial sand area in the north oft the city of Rendsburg. Inhabiting about 122 lichen
species, the sandy dry grasslands and heathland with rare and endangered species such as Cladonia borealis, C. monomorpha, C. pulvinata, C. crispata var. cetrariiformis and
C. zopfii make the area a lichen hotspot of Schleswig-Holstein. C. pulvinata was
rediscovered in 2018 and in 2020 Bacidina mendax was reported for the first time in
Schleswig-Holstein.
Confusion about the identity of Xenonectriella leptaleae (J.Steiner) Rossman & Lowen led us to revise Central European material of the hypocrealean genera Pronectria and Xenonectriella growing on foliose Physciaceae to clarify the taxonomy. Consequently, we reinstate Pronectria leptaleae and describe Pronectria etayoi, Xenonectriella physciacearum and X. zimmermanni as new species. The new combination Xenonectriella angulospora is proposed. A key to the species of the genera Pronectria and Xenonectriella growing on Physciaceae in Europe is provided.
Numerous new taxa and classifications of Dothideomycetes have been published following the last monograph of families of
Dothideomycetes in 2013. A recent publication by Honsanan et al. in 2020 expanded information of families in Dothideomycetidae
and Pleosporomycetidae with modern classifications. In this paper, we provide a refined updated document on
orders and families incertae sedis of Dothideomycetes. Each family is provided with an updated description, notes, including
figures to represent the morphology, a list of accepted genera, and economic and ecological significances. We also provide
phylogenetic trees for each order. In this study, 31 orders which consist 50 families are assigned as orders incertae sedis in
Dothideomycetes, and 41 families are treated as families incertae sedis due to lack of molecular or morphological evidence.
The new order, Catinellales, and four new families, Catinellaceae, Morenoinaceae Neobuelliellaceae and Thyrinulaceae
are introduced. Seven genera (Neobuelliella, Pseudomicrothyrium, Flagellostrigula, Swinscowia, Macroconstrictolumina,
Pseudobogoriella, and Schummia) are introduced. Seven new species (Acrospermum urticae, Bogoriella complexoluminata,
Dothiorella ostryae, Dyfrolomyces distoseptatus, Macroconstrictolumina megalateralis, Patellaria microspora, and Pseudomicrothyrium
thailandicum) are introduced base on morphology and phylogeny, together with two new records/reports
and five new collections from different families. Ninety new combinations are also provided in this paper.
Most lichens of the family Teloschistaceae (Ascomycota) produce yellow‐orange‐red anthraquinone pigments. However, the genus Pyrenodesmia encompasses species in which anthraquinones are absent and replaced by a grey pigment Sedifolia‐grey. It was shown recently that these species are related to taxa with both anthraquinones and Sedifolia‐grey (C. xerica group, C. haematites group and C. cretensis) and to species with a brown pigment instead of both anthraquinones and Sedifolia‐grey (C. demissa, C. obscurella and C. reptans). Nevertheless, relationships between mentioned anthraquinone‐containing and anthraquinone‐lacking species remained unclear. Eight DNA loci from 41 species were used here trying to resolve these uncertainties. We concluded that C. demissa, C. obscurella and C. reptans are rather distant from the core of Pyrenodesmia and we place them outside of Pyrenodesmia sensu lato. Within Pyrenodesmia sensu lato three lineages were revealed and recognized on generic level: the genus Pyrenodesmia sensu stricto (21 species), the genus Kuettlingeria (14 species) which is resurrected here, and the genus Sanguineodiscus (4 species) which is newly described here. The genus Pyrenodesmia includes taxa which never contain anthraquinones, but Sedifolia‐grey. It matches with the former Caloplaca variabilis group. Taxa of the genera Kuettlingeria and Sanguineodiscus have anthraquinones in their apothecia and Sedifolia‐grey in their thalli. The genus Kuettlingeria includes the former C. xerica group plus C. cretensis and C. diphyodes. The genus Sanguineodiscus includes the former C. haematites group and C. bicolor. The identity of Kuettlingeria (Caloplaca) diphyodes was clarified and the name Pyrenodesmia helygeoides was resurrected. 28 new combinations were proposed.
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Fourteen species new for science are described, illustrated and compared with closely related taxa. Six species of them are from South Korea, i.e. Bryostigma huriellae S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Caloplaca ulleungensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur, Enterographa dokdoensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Neobrownliella salyangensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Rufoplaca aesan- ensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Squamulea coreana S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, and seven species are from Chile: Caloplaca nothocitrina S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Caloplaca nothoholocarpa S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Caloplaca patagoniensis S. Y. Kondr., S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur, Follmannia suborthoclada S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, ‘Lecidea’buellielloides S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Mass- jukiella rusavskioides S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, Rehmanniella poeltiana S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur, as well as one species, i.e. Pyrenodesmia vernadskiensis S. Y. Kondr., T. O. Kondratiuk et I. Yu. Parnikoza, similar to Antarctic endemic species Huea coralligera , is from Argentine Islands, Western Antarctic Peninsula. The member of the genus Pyrenodesmia A. Massal. is for the first time confirmed by molecular data from the Antarctic.
Eighteen new combinations, i.e. Massjukiella impolita (for Caloplaca impolita Arup), Massjukiella pollinarioides (for Xanthoria pollinarioides L. Lindblom et D. M. Wright), Massjukiella stellata (for Caloplaca stellata Wetmore et Karnefelt), Massjukiella tenax (for Xanthoria tenax L. Lindblom), and Massjukiella tenuiloba (for Xanthoria tenuiloba L. Lindblom), Pyrenodesmia albopruinosa (for Biatorina albopruinosa Arnold), Pyrenodesmia ceracea (for Caloplaca ceracea J. R. Laundon), Pyrenodesmia cretensis (for Blastenia cretensis Zahlbr.), Pyrenodesmia erythrocarpa (for Patellaria erythrocarpa Pers.), Pyrenodesmia haematites (for Lecanora haematites Chaub. ex St.-Amans), Pyrenodesmia percrocata (for Blastenia percrocata Arnold), Pyrenodesmia soralifera (for Caloplaca soralifera Vondrak et Hrouzek), Pyrenodesmia transcaspica (for Lecanora transcaspica Nyl.), Pyrenodesmia viridirufa (for Lecidea viridirufa Ach.), Pyrenodesmia xerica (for Caloplaca xerica Poelt et Vezda), as well as Rehmanniella leucoxantha (for Amphilo-ma leucoxanthum Mull. Arg.), Rehmanniella syvashica (for Caloplaca syvashica Khodos., Vond- rak et Soun), and Rehmanniella subgyalectoides (for Caloplaca subgyalectoides S. Y. Kondr. et Karnefelt) are proposed.
Buelliella inops and Zwackhiomyces aff. berengerianus are for the first time recorded from South America as well as from Follmannia orthoclada (as lichenicolous fungi). Caloplaca poliotera, Rinodina convexula and Rinodina kozukensis are new to the Republic of Korea, and new localities as well as illustrations for the further 13 new and rare lichen species recently described from Eastern Asia are provided too.
Japewia aliphatica is described as a new species. It is characterized by the usually brown, often areolate, blastidiate to soredi-ate-blastidiate, rarely fertile thallus containing unknown fatty acid(s). It grows on acidic bark of broad-leaved trees in mainly in montane forests, and is known from Austria, the Czech Republic, Germany, Norway, Russia (European part of the Cau-casus), Slovakia and Ukraine. The new species is well characterized by its morphological, chemical and molecular (nrITS, mtSSU) traits. Systematic placement of Japewia is briefly discussed and its position within Lecanoraceae confirmed.
Species of Verrucaria , characterised by large spores (at least some spores exceeding 25 µm in length), perithecia leaving pits in the rock and a pale thin thallus, form a taxonomically-difficult and poorly-known group. In this study, such species occurring in Finland are revised, based on ITS sequences and morphology. Maximum likelihood analysis of ITS sequence data was used to examine if the species belong to the Thelidium group, as suggested by BLAST search. Twelve species are accepted in Finland: Verrucaria bifurcata sp. nov. , V. cavernarum sp. nov. , V. devergens , V. difficilis sp. nov. , V. foveolata , V. fuscozonata sp. nov. , V. karelica , V. kuusamoensis sp. nov. , V. subdevergens sp. nov. , V. subjunctiva , V. subtilis and V. vacillans sp. nov. Verrucaria foveolata is nested in V. subjunctiva in the phylogeny, but due to morphological and ecogeographical differences, the two taxa are treated as separate species pending further studies. Based on the analysis, the study species belong to the Thelidium group. The studied species show a rather high infraspecific morphological, but a low genetic variation. Furthermore, they show considerable overlap in their morphology and many specimens cannot be reliably identified, based on morphology only. All species are restricted to calcareous rocks. Verrucaria alpigena , V. cinereorufa and V. hochstetteri are excluded from the lichen flora of Finland. Verrucaria grossa is considered a species with unresolved identity. Verrucaria foveolata and V. subtilis are rather common on calcareous rocks of Finland while V. devergens and V. kuusamoensis are restricted to northern Finland. Verrucaria subjunctiva occurs mainly in northern Finland. Verrucaria bifurcata has been found only from southern Finland. Verrucaria difficilis has few localities both in SW and NE Finland. Verrucaria vacillans is restricted to calcareous rocks (dolomite) on the mountains of the NW corner of Finland. Verrucaria fuscozonata , V. karelica and V. subdevergens occur only in the Oulanka area in NE Finland. A lectotype is designated for V. subjunctiva . The morphology of the Finnish species was compared with 51 European species of Verrucaria presumably belonging to the Thelidium group.
Fungi that are barely lichenized or non-lichenized and closely related to lichenized taxa, the so-called borderline fungi, are an important element in reconstructing the evolutionary history of lichenized lineages. Arthoniaceae is a prime example including non-lichenized, saprotrophic lineages which potentially were precursors to lichenized taxa. In this study, we focused on saprotrophic species of Arthonia sensu lato, including new sequence data for Arthonia pinastri. We obtained fresh material of this taxon from a living branch of Fraxinus ornus in Italy to assess its taxonomic status and to elucidate its phylogenetic relationships within Arthonia. Thin sections of the thallus and ascomata of A. pinastri confirmed the absence of a photobiont. Maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses of combined mtSSU, nuLSU and RPB2 sequence data placed the species close to A. dispersa (barely lichenized or non-lichenized) and A. punctiformis (non-lichenized) in a clade closely related to Arthonia sensu stricto, and the A. pinastri clade is here resurrected under the name Naevia. Ancestral character state analysis within a broader context of Arthoniales does not support the saprotrophic lifestyle to be a plesiomorphic feature, but suggests loss of lichenization in Naevia, as well as loss and possible regain in a second clade containing saprotrophic species and including taxa resembling Mycoporum, underlining the evolutionary plasticity of Arthoniales. These two clades constitute model taxa to further investigate the evolution of alternative biological lifestyles within the context of chiefly lichenized taxa.
Three new for science genera, i.e.: Erichansenia S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt et A. Thell for the ‘Caloplaca’ epithallina group of the subfamily Xanthorioideae, as well as Lendemeriella S. Y. Kondr. for the Caloplaca reptans group, and Pisutiella S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et E. Farkas for the Caloplaca conversa group of the subfamily Caloplacoideae of the Teloschistaceae, are described on the basis of results of the three gene phylogeny of the Teloschistaceae based on nrITS, nrLSU and mtSSU sequences.
Twenty-seven new combinations, i.e.: Erichansenia epithallina (for Caloplaca epithallina Lynge), Erichansenia cryodesertorum (for Shackletonia cryodesertorum Garrido-Ben., Søchting et Pérez-Ort.), Erichansenia sauronii (for Caloplaca sauronii Søchting et Øvstedal), Fauriea mandshuriaensis (for Caloplaca mandshuriaensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur), Fauriea trassii (for Caloplaca trassii Galanina et S. Y. Kondr.), Lendemeriella borealis (for Lecanora pyracea f. borealis Vain.), Lendemeriella dakotensis (for Caloplaca dakotensis Wetmore), Lendemeriella exsecuta (for Lecanora exsecuta Nyl.), Lendemeriella lucifuga (for Caloplaca lucifuga G. Thor), Lendemeriella nivalis (for Zeora nivalis Körb.), Lendemeriella reptans (for Caloplaca reptans Lendemer et B. P. Hodk.), Lendemeriella sorocarpa (for Placodium sorocarpum Vain.), Lendemeriella tornoensis (for Caloplaca tornoensis H. Magn.), Pisutiella congrediens (for Lecanora congrediens Nyl.), Pisutiella conversa (for Callopisma conversum Kremp.), Pisutiella furax (for Caloplaca furax Egea et Llimona), Pisutiella grimmiae (for Lecanora grimmiae Nyl.), Pisutiella ivanpisutii (for Caloplaca ivanpisutii S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et Hur), Pisutiella phaeothamnos (for Caloplaca phaeothamnos K. Kalb et J. Poelt), Pyrenodesmia aetnensis (for Caloplaca aetnensis B. de Lesd.), Pyrenodesmia albolutescens (for Lecanora albolutescens Nyl.), Pyrenodesmia aractina (for Parmelia aractina Fr.), Pyrenodesmia atroflava (for Lecidea atroflava Turner), Pyrenodesmia bicolor (for Caloplaca bicolor H. Magn.), Pyrenodesmia molariformis (for Caloplaca molariformis Frolov, Vondrák, Nadyeina et Khodos.), Pyrenodesmia neotaurica (for Caloplaca neotaurica Vondrák, Khodos., Arup et Søchting), Pyrenodesmia peliophylla (for Placodium peliophyllum Tuck.) are proposed based on results from a combined phylogenetic analysis using nrITS, nrLSU and mtSSU gene sequences.
Eight species, new for science, i.e.: Lobothallia gangwondoana S. Y. Kondr., J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur and Phyllopsora dodongensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur from South Korea, Eastern Asia, Ioplaca rinodinoides S. Y. Kondr., K. K. Ingle, D. K. Upreti et S. Nayaka, Letrouitia assamana S. Y. Kondr., G. K. Mishra et D. K. Upreti, and Rusavskia indochinensis S. Y. Kondr., D. K. Upreti et S. Nayaka from India and China, South Asia, Caloplaca orloviana S. Y. Kondr. and Rusavskia drevlyanica S. Y. Kondr. et O. O. Orlov from Ukraine, Eastern Europe, as well as Xanthoria ibizaensis S. Y. Kondr. et A. S. Kondr. from Ibiza Island, Spain, Mediterranean Europe, are described, illustrated and compared with closely related taxa.
Fominiella tenerifensis S. Y. Kondr., Kärnefelt, A. Thell et Feuerer is for the first time recorded from Mediterranean Europe, Huriella loekoesiana S. Y. Kondr. et Upreti is provided from Russia for the first time, and H. pohangensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur for the first time from China, Phoma candelariellae Z. Kocakaya et Halıcı is new to Ukraine, and Staurothele frustulenta Vain. is recorded from the Forest Zone of Ukraine for the first time.
Twelve new combinations, i.e.: Bryostigma apotheciorum (for Sphaeria apotheciorum A. Massal.), Bryostigma biatoricola (for Arthonia biatoricola Ihlen et Owe-Larss.), Bryostigma dokdoense (for Arthonia dokdoensis S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös, B. G. Lee, J.-J. Woo et J.-S. Hur), Bryostigma epiphyscium (for Arthonia epiphyscia Nyl.), Bryostigma lobariellae (for Arthonia lobariellae Etayo), Bryostigma lapidicola (for Lecidea lapidicola Taylor), Bryostigma molendoi (for Tichothecium molendoi Heufl. ex Arnold), Bryostigma neglectulum (for Arthonia neglectula Nyl.), Bryostigma parietinarium (for Arthonia parietinaria Hafellner et Fleischhacker), Bryostigma peltigerinum (for Arthonia vagans var. peltigerina Almq.), Bryostigma phaeophysciae (for Arthonia phaeophysciae Grube et Matzer), Bryostigma stereocaulinum (for Arthonia nephromiaria var. stereocaulina Ohlert), are proposed based on results of combined phylogenetic analysis based on mtSSU and RPB2 gene sequences.
Thirty-one new combinations for members of the genus Polyozosia (i.e.: Polyozosia actophila (for Lecanora actophila Wedd.), Polyozosia agardhiana (for Lecanora agardhiana Ach.), Polyozosia altunica (for Myriolecis altunica R. Mamut et A. Abbas), Polyozosia antiqua (for Lecanora antiqua J. R. Laundon), Polyozosia bandolensis (for Lecanora bandolensis B. de Lesd.), Polyozosia behringii (for Lecanora behringii Nyl.), Polyozosia caesioalutacea (for Lecanora caesioalutacea H. Magn.), Polyozosia carlottiana (for Lecanora carlottiana C. J. Lewis et Śliwa), Polyozosia congesta (for Lecanora congesta Clauzade et Vězda), Polyozosia eurycarpa (for Lecanora eurycarpa Poelt, Leuckert et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia expectans ( Lecanora expectans Darb.), Polyozosia flowersiana ( Lecanora flowersiana H. Magn.), Polyozosia fugiens (for Lecanora fugiens Nyl.), Polyozosia invadens (for Lecanora invadens H. Magn.), Polyozosia juniperina (for Lecanora juniperina Śliwa), Polyozosia latzelii (for Lecanora latzelii Zahlbr.), Polyozosia liguriensis (for Lecanora liguriensis B. de Lesd.), Polyozosia massei (for Myriolecis massei M. Bertrand et J.-Y. Monnat), Polyozosia mons-nivis (for Lecanora mons-nivis Darb.), Polyozosia oyensis (for Lecanora oyensis M.-P. Bertrand et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia percrenata (for Lecanora percrenata H. Magn.), Polyozosia persimilis (for Lecanora hagenii subsp. persimilis Th. Fr.), Polyozosia poeltiana (for Lecanora poeltiana Clauzade et Cl. Roux), Polyozosia prominens (for Lecanora prominens Clauzade et Vězda), Polyozosia prophetae-eliae (for Lecanora prophetae-eliae Sipman), Polyozosia salina (for Lecanora salina H. Magn.), Polyozosia schofieldii (for Lecanora schofieldii Brodo), Polyozosia sverdrupiana (for Lecanora sverdrupiana Øvstedal), Polyozosia torrida (for Lecanora torrida Vain.), Polyozosia wetmorei (for Lecanora wetmorei Śliwa), Polyozosia zosterae (for Lecanora subfusca ? zosterae Ach.)) are proposed.
We have studied the highly oceanic genus Coniocarpon in Norway. Our aim has been to delimit species of Coniocarpon in Norway based on an integrative taxonomic approach. The material studied comprises 120 specimens of Coniocarpon , obtained through recent collecting efforts (2017 and 2018) or received from major fungaria in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden, as well as from private collectors. We have assessed (1) species delimitations and relationships based on Bayesian and maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses of three genetic markers (mtSSU, nucITS and RPB2 ), (2) morphology and anatomy using standard light microscopy, and (3) secondary lichen chemistry using high-performance thin-layer chromatography. The results show three genetically distinct lineages of Coniocarpon , representing C. cinnabarinum , C. fallax and C. cuspidans comb. nov. The latter was originally described as Arthonia cinnabarina f. cuspidans and is herein raised to species level. All three species are supported by morphological, anatomical and chemical data.
The aim of the study was to consolidate data on lichens of the genus Micarea Fr. from the Russian Far East. A total of 19 Micarea species were found to be known from this area. Micarea laeta and M. microareolata were new to Asia and Russia. Additionally, M. laeta was reported new to North America, Austria and Great Britain, M. microareolata – to North America, Czech Republic and Germany as well. Micarea contexta was reported new to Asia, Micarea adnata and M. tomentosa were reported new to the Russian Far East, M. hedlundii to the South of the Russian Far East and M. lignaria to the Sakhalin Region. Micarea turfosa was excluded from the list. The distribution of taxa and some differences between related species were discussed. Molecular data were obtained and used for phylogenetic analysis of Micarea contexta , M. laeta and M. microareolata .
A list of 56 lichenicolous fungi recently found in Bavaria is presented. Among them Phaeospora everniae is new for Central Europe; new for Germany are Cecidonia xenophana, Cer-cidospora stereocaulorum, Muellerella atricola, Sphaerellothecium leratianum and Zwackhiomyces turcicus; new for Bavaria are Arthonia coronata, Cercidospora stenotropae, Heterocephalacria bach-mannii and Tremella diploschistina. The new species Monodictys cladoniae Brackel & Kukwa, Pseudorobillarda subfusca Brackel and Stilbella eichlerae Brackel are described. Moreover, eleven species noted in the literature as new for Bavaria are listed.
HAFELLNER Josef 2019: A reinvestigation of Microthelia umbilicariae results in a contribution to the species diversity in Endococcus. - Fritschiana (Graz) 94: 1–23. - ISSN 1024-0306.
A set of morphoanatomical characters and the amyloid
reaction of the ascomatal centrum indicates that Microthelia
umbilicariae Linds. belongs to Endococcus (Verrucariales). Endococcus freyi Hafellner, detected on Umbilicaria cylindrica
(type locality in Austria), is described as new to science. The
new combinations Endococcus umbilicariae (Linds.) Hafellner
and Didymocyrtis peltigerae (Fuckel) Hafellner are introduced.
Neotropical mountain forests are characterized by having hyperdiverse and unusual fungi inhabiting lichens. The great majority of these lichenicolous fungi (i.e., detectable by light microscopy) remain undescribed and their phylogenetic relationships are mostly unknown. This study focuses on lichenicolous fungi inhabiting the genus Lobariella ( Peltigerales ), one of the most important lichen hosts in the Andean cloud forests. Based on molecular and morphological data, three new genera are introduced: Lawreyella gen. nov. ( Cordieritidaceae , for Unguiculariopsis lobariella ), Neobaryopsis gen. nov. ( Cordycipitaceae ), and Pseudodidymocyrtis gen. nov. ( Didymosphaeriaceae ). Nine additional new species are described ( Abrothallus subhalei sp. nov., Atronectria lobariellae sp. nov., Corticifraga microspora sp. nov., Epithamnolia rugosopycnidiata sp. nov., Lichenotubeufia cryptica sp. nov., Neobaryopsis andensis sp. nov., Pseudodidymocyrtis lobariellae sp. nov., Rhagadostomella hypolobariella sp. nov., and Xylaria lichenicola sp. nov.). Phylogenetic placements of 13 lichenicolous species are reported here for Abrothallus , Arthonia , Globonectria , Lawreyella , Monodictys , Neobaryopsis , Pseudodidymocyrtis , Sclerococcum , Trichonectria and Xylaria . The name Sclerococcum ricasoliae comb. nov. is reestablished for the neotropical populations formerly named S. lobariellum ( Sclerococcales ). A key to sexual and asexual states of 40 species of lobariellicolous ascomycetous fungi is provided. Teleomorph-anamorph connections were established for several species using molecular methods and/or visual observations in nature. Additionally, we found that the anamorphic species Cornutispora ophiurospora inhabiting Lobariella was often accompanied by ascomata of Spirographa . Results of phylogenetic analyses, including newly generated sequences of several Cornutispora and Spirographa species inhabiting various host lichens, support the conclusion that Cornutispora is a synonym of Spirographa . Our Maximum Likelihood inference based on multiple loci show that all studied Spirographa (including Cornutispora ) belong to a new lineage within Ostropales . Based on these highly supported phylogenetic placements and the distinct character states of their conidiomata, in comparison with other Lecanoromycetes , a new family is proposed – Spirographaceae fam. nov. This new lineage includes broadly distributed mycoparasites, inhabiting various lichen and fungal hosts, and representing an early diversification event preceding the lichen-forming clade of Fissurinaceae , Gomphillaceae and Graphidaceae . Two lichenicolous species, Asteroglobulus giselae and Pleoscutula arsenii , were found to be nested within the Spirographa clade, and their teleomorph-anamorph connections were confirmed based on genotypic and phenotypic data. This phylogenetic result is corroborated by their highly similar ascomata anatomy. Together these results strongly indicate that both species are congeneric with Spirographa . As a result, four new species ( S. aggregata sp. nov., S. galligena sp. nov., S. maroneae sp. nov., and S. parmotrematis sp. nov.) and 15 new combinations are proposed ( Spirographa ascaridiella comb. nov., S. arsenii comb. nov., S. ciliata comb. nov., S. giselae comb. nov., S. herteliana comb. nov., S. hypotrachynae comb. nov., S. intermedia comb. nov., S. lichenicola comb. nov., S. limaciformis comb. nov., S. ophiurospora comb. nov., S. pittii comb. nov., S. pyramidalis comb. nov., S. triangularis comb. nov., S. tricupulata comb. nov., and S. vermiformis comb. nov.). Species of the genus Spirographa , as outlined here, are strongly host-specific, mainly at the generic level of their host. Some host genera can harbour more than one Spirographa species.
Three new genera Coppinsidea, Vandenboomia and Wolseleyidea are described and the genera Ivanpisutia, Lecaniella and Myrionora are resurrected on the basis of a phylogenetic analysis of multi-locus sequence data of the Ramalinaceae including the nuclear protein-coding marker rpb2, the internal transcribed spacer and a fragment of the small mitochondrial subunit. The genus Hertelidea was positioned within the Ramalina clade of the phylogenetic tree of the Ramalinaceae. Bacidia sipmanii, Phyllopsora chlorophaea, P. castaneocincta and Ramalina subbreviuscula were recorded from South Korea for the first time here confirming by molecular data, too.
Forty-eight new combinations are proposed: Bacidia alnetorum (basionym: Biatora alnetorum S. Ekman et Tønsberg), Biatora amazonica (basionym: Phyllopsora amazonica Kistenich et Timdal), Biatora cuyabensis (basionym: Lecidea cuyabensis Malme), Biatora halei (basionym: Pannaria halei Tuck.), Biatora kalbii (basionym: Phyllopsora kalbii Brako), Biatora subhispidula (basionym: Psoroma subhispidulum Nyl.), Coppinsidea alba (basionym: Catillaria alba Coppins et Vězda), Coppinsidea aphana (basionym: Lecidea aphana Nyl.), Coppinsidea croatica (basionym: Catillaria croatica Zahlbr.), Coppinsidea fuscoviridis (basionym: Bilimbia fuscoviridis Anzi), Coppinsidea pallens (basionym: Bilimbia pallens Kullh.), Coppinsidea ropalosporoides (basionym: Gyalidea ropalosporoides S. Y. Kondr., L. Lőkös et J.-S. Hur), Coppinsidea scotinodes (basionym: Lecidea scotinodes Nyl.), Coppinsidea sphaerella (basionym: Lecidea sphaerella Hedl.), Ivanpisutia hypophaea (basionym: Biatora hypophaea Printzen et Tønsberg), Ivanpisutia ocelliformis (basionym: Lecidea ocelliformis Nyl.), Lecaniella belgica (basionym: Lecania belgica van den Boom et Reese Naesb.), Lecaniella cyrtellina (basionym: Lecanora cyrtellina Nyl.), Lecaniella dubitans (basionym: Lecidea dubitans Nyl.), Lecaniella erysibe (basionym: Lichen erysibe Ach.), Lecaniella hutchinsiae (basionym: Lecanora hutchinsiae Nyl.), Lecaniella naegelii (basionym: Biatora naegelii Hepp), Lecaniella prasinoides (basionym: Lecania prasinoides Elenkin), Lecaniella sylvestris (basionym: Biatora sylvestris Arnold), Lecaniella tenera (basionym: Scoliciosporum tenerum Lönnr.), Mycobilimbia albohyalina (basionym: Lecidea anomala f. albohyalina Nyl.), Mycobilimbia cinchonarum (basionym: Triclinum cinchonarum Fée), Mycobilimbia concinna (basionym: Phyllopsora concinna Kistenich et Timdal), Mycobilimbia ramea (basionym: Bacidina ramea S. Ekman), Mycobilimbia siamensis (basionym: Phyllopsora siamensis Kistenich et Timdal), Myrionora australis (basionym: Biatora australis Rodr. Flakus et Printzen), Myrionora ementiens (basionym: Lecidea ementiens Nyl.), Myrionora flavopunctata (basionym: Lecanora flavopunctata Tønsberg), Myrionora globulosa (basionym: Lecidea globulosa Flörke), Myrionora hemipolia (basionym: Lecidea arceutina f. hemipolia Nyl.), Myrionora lignimollis (basionym: Biatora ligni-mollis T. Sprib. et Printzen), Myrionora malcolmii (basionym: Phyllopsora malcolmii Vězda et Kalb), Myrionora vacciniicola (basionym: Lecidea vacciniicola Tønsberg), Phyllopsora agonimioides (basionym: Coenogonium agonimioides J. P. Halda, S.-O. Oh et J.-S. Hur), Phyllopsora sunchonensis (basionym: Agonimia sunchonensis S. Y. Kondr. et J.-S. Hur), Vandenboomia chlorotiza (basionym: Lecidea chlorotiza Nyl.), Vandenboomia falcata (basionym: Lecania falcata van den Boom, M. Brand, Coppins, Magain et Sérus.), Wolseleyidea africana (basionym: Phyllopsora africana Timdal et Krog), Wolseleyidea byssiseda (basionym: Lecidea byssiseda Nyl. ex Hue), Wolseleyidea canoumbrina (basionym: Lecidea canoumbrina Vain.), Wolseleyidea furfurella (basionym: Phyllopsora furfurella Kistenich et Timdal), Wolseleyidea ochroxantha (basionym: Lecidea ochroxantha Nyl.), and Wolseleyidea swinscowii (basionym: Phyllopsora swinscowii Timdal et Krog). The combination Biatora longispora (Degel.) Lendemer et Printzen is validated here. The new names Biatora vezdana for Lecania furfuracea Vĕzda and Coppinsidea vainioana for Lecidea sphaeroidiza Vain. are proposed. The phenomenon of presence of ‘extraneous mycobiont DNA’ in lichen association, i.e. DNA, belonging neither to mycobiont nor photobiont or to endophytic fungi is for the first time illustrated. So the presence of nrITS and mtSSU sequences of crustose lichen Coppinsidea ropalosporoides in thalli of crustose Verrucaria margacea and foliose Kashiwadia orientalis , as well as nrITS of Phyllopsora sp. KoLRI in Agonimia pacifica and Biatora longispora , or nrITS and mtSSU of Biatora longispora in thalli of Agonimia pacifica, Oxneriopsis oxneri and Pyxine limbulata, Ivanpisutia oxneri in thalli of Rinodina xanthophaea , etc. is documented. Scarce cases of presence of ‘extraneous mycobiont DNA’ in representatives of the Teloschistaceae, Physciaceae known from literature data are discussed, too.
2019. Additions to the lichen flora of Fennoscandia III. Graphis Scripta 31 (5): 34-46. Oslo. ISSN 2002-4495. Six lichen-forming fungi, Ameliella grisea, Bacidina mendax, B. modesta, Biatora chrysanthoides, B. radicicola and Micarea sambuci, as well as seven lichenicolous fungi, Adelococcus alpestris, Heteroacanthella ellipsospora, Llimoniella catapyrenii, Sphaerellothecium siphulae, Tremella christiansenii, T. macrobasidiata and T. tuckerae, are reported for the first time from Sweden. Bacidina mendax and Biatora radicicola are also reported as new to Norway and Bacidina indigens is reported as new to Finland. The new combination Bacidina modesta (Zwackh ex Vain.) S. Ekman is proposed and Raphiospora viridescens, a synonym of Bacidia bagliettoana that has been misused for Bacidina indigens, is lectotypified.
Zusammenfassung: 2018 wurde bei der Inventarisierung epiphytischer Flechten im Rahmen eines Walddauerbeobachtungsprogramms in Baden-Württemberg (Deutschland) Szczawinskia tsugae A. FUNK am Stamm eines Feldahornbaumes (Acer campestre) nachgewiesen.
Abstract: Szczawinskia tsugae found in Germany, a lichen new to Europe. - In 2018, Szczawin-skia tsugae A. FUNK was detected on the trunk of a field maple tree (Acer campestre) during the inventory of epiphytic lichens as part of a permanent forest monitoring program in Baden-Württemberg (Germany).
Résumé: Szczawinskia tsugae trouvé en Allemagne, un nouveau lichen pour l'Europe. - En 2018, Szczawinskia tsugae A. FUNK a été détecté sur le tronc d'un érable des champs (Acer campestre) lors de l'inventaire des lichens épiphytiques dans le cadre d'un programme de surveillance fores-tière en Baden-Württemberg (Allemagne).
Archive for Lichenology Vol. 14: 1-6.
Free download address: http://www.fschumm.de/Archive/Vol14_Aptroot_&_Stapper_2019_Szczawinskia%20tsugae_neu_in_Europa.pdf
A new combination, Sclerococcum stigma (Rehm) Nav.-Ros. & Romero, is proposed to include Dactylospora stigma (Rehm) Rehm ex Arnold, a lichenicolous fungus that grows on Porpidia macrocarpa in different localities in the Alps (Swabia and Austrian Tyrol) and the Pyrenees (Catalonia). A detailed description of the species is included, and it is compared with the related species of the genus.
DNA barcodes are increasingly being used for species identification amongst the lichenised fungi. This paper presents a dataset aiming to provide an authoritative DNA barcode sequence library for a wide array of Nordic lichens.
We present 1324 DNA barcode sequences (nrITS) for 507 species in 175 genera and 25 orders. Thirty-eight species are new to GenBank and, for 25 additional species, ITS sequences are here presented for the first time. The dataset covers 20–21% of the Nordic lichenised species. Barcode gap analyses are given and discussed for the three genera Cladonia , Ramalina and Umbilicaria . The new combination Bryobilimbia fissuriseda (Poelt) Timdal, Marthinsen & Rui is proposed for Mycobilimbia fissuriseda and Nordic material of the species, currently referred to as Pseudocyphellaria crocata and Psoroma tenue ssp. boreale, are shown to belong in Pseudocyphellaria citrina and Psoroma cinnamomeum , respectively.
Diese erste Rote Liste und Checkliste der Flechten, flechtenbewohnenden und flechtenähnlichen Pilze Bayerns umfasst 2.054 Taxa, davon 1.624 Flechten, 399 flechtenbewohnende Pilze und 31 flechtenähnliche Pilze. Sie wurde aufgrund intensiver Recherchen in der Literatur erstellt, die in einem elektronischen Supplement nachvollziehbar niedergelegt sind.
Insgesamt kommen von den drei Artengruppen 1.417 Taxa (1.163 Flechten/236 flechten-bewohnende/18 flechtenähnliche Pilze) in der alpinen Region sowie 1.691 (1.341/323/27) in der kontinentalen Region vor.
909 Taxa (44 %) sind als Rote-Liste-Arten der Kategorien 0, 1, 2, 3 und G ausgestorben oder gefährdet (in der alpinen Region 31 %, in der kontinentalen Region 48 %). Dazu treten als „extrem seltene“ Arten in der Kategorie „R“ 395 Taxa (19 %) hinzu – in der alpinen Region 21 %, in der kontinentalen Region 13 %. In der kontinentalen Region mit der intensiveren Flächennutzung finden sich prozentual mehr gefährdete Arten als in der alpinen Region. Da-gegen finden sich in den Alpen besonders viele extrem seltene Arten.
Die bayerischen Flechtenbestände waren in den letzten 200 Jahren (dem Zeitraum, zu dem Angaben zu den Beständen vorliegen), etlichen Belastungen ausgesetzt: Die Industrialisierung führte zu erhöhten Schwefeldioxyd-Konzentrationen in der Luft, die aber Ende des 20. Jahr-hunderts durch verstärkte Anstrengungen in der Luftreinhaltung wieder signifikant verringert werden konnten. Neuordnung und Intensivierung der Landwirtschaft vernichtete vor allem in der Zeit nach 1950 zahlreiche Lebensräume in der offenen Landschaft, während in der Forst-wirtschaft bereits ab Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts Nadelholzmonokulturen in den Wäldern zu massiven Diversitätsverlusten führten. Seit etwa 40 Jahren bedroht zunehmend eine steigende Eutrophierung (vor allem durch Stickstoffverbindungen aus Industrie, Verkehr und Landwirtschaft) umfassend die Flechten und ihre Lebensräume, vor allem indem sie Höhere Pflan-zen und konkurrenzkräftige Moose fördert.
Dringend notwendig zum Schutz der Flechtenflora ist
• eine Reduktion der Eutrophierung,
• die Wiederherstellung eines Netzes von Kleinstrukturen in der Landschaft,
• das weitere Zurückdrängen der Nadelholz-Monokulturen,
• die Einrichtung von Altholzinseln in den Wäldern,
• die Wiederherstellung von Flechten-Kiefernwäldern sowie
• gezielte Artenhilfsmaßnahmen, wie die Übertragung von Flechten in renaturierte Biotope.
Six new Micarea species are described from Europe. Phylogenetic analyses, based on three loci, i.e. mtSSU rDNA, Mcm7 and ITS rDNA and ancestral state reconstructions, were used to evaluate infra-group divisions and the role of secondary metabolites and selected morphological characters on the taxonomy in the M. prasina group. Two main lineages were found within the group. The Micarea micrococca clade consists of twelve species, including the long-known M. micrococca and the newly described M. microsorediata, M. nigra and M. pauli. Within this clade, most species produce methoxymicareic acid, with the exceptions of M. levicula and M. viridileprosa producing gyrophoric acid. The M. prasina clade includes the newly described M. azorica closely related to M. prasina s.str., M. aeruginoprasina sp. nov. and M. isidioprasina sp. nov. The species within this clade are characterised by the production of micareic acid, with the exception of M. herbarum which lacks any detectable substances and M. subviridescens that produces prasinic acid. Based on our reconstructions, it was concluded that the ancestor of the M. prasina group probably had a thallus consisting of goniocysts, which were lost several times during evolution, while isidia and soredia evolved independently at multiple times. Our research supported the view that the ancestor of M. prasina group did not produce any secondary substances, but they were gained independently in different lineages, such as methoxymicareic acid which is restricted to M. micrococca and allied species or micareic acid present in the M. prasina clade.
The name epithet of the species currently known as Acarospora peliscypha should be spelled A. peliocypha. The oldest name for this species is Lichen squamulosus Schrad., and it has priority. Lichen squamulosus is lectotypified. Acarospora squamulosa replaces the later name Acarospora A. peliocypha. Acarospora squamulosa is reported for the continental North America from Baffin Island in Nunavut in Canada.
From the combined phylogenetic analysis of multi-locus sequence data of the Lecanoraceae including two nuclear protein-coding markers (RPB2 and RPB1), the internal transcribed spacer and a fragment of the mitochondrial small subunit, found that the originally monotypic eastern Asian genus Verseghya is positioned within the Verseghya-Lecidella-Pyrrhospora clade of the Lecanoraceae and includes one more taxon Verseghya thysanophora widely distributed in Northern Hemisphere.
The genus Lecidella forming the Lecidella-Glaucomaria subclade within the same Verseghya-Lecidella-Pyrrhospora clade of the Lecanoraceae found to have tendency to be polyphyletic after including the recently described eastern Asian taxon Lecidella mandshurica into phylogenetic analysis of the Lecanoraceae. It is shown that Lecidella mandshurica was previously recorded from China sub Lecidella aff. elaeochroma .
The originally monotypic eastern Asian genus Sedelnikovaea forming a monophyletic branch within the Sedelnikovaea-Lecanoropsis subclade and being in out-position to the Rhizoplaca-Protoparmeliopsis s. str. clade of the Lecanoraceae found to include three more taxa, i.e. Sedelnikovaea marginalis, S. pseudogyrophorica , and S. subdiscrepans .
The Eurasian Protoparmeliopsis bolcana , and the eastern Asian P. kopachevskae , are illustrated for the first time as being positioned within the Protopameliopsis branch of the Lecanoraceae, while the South Korean ‘ Protoparmeliopsis’ chejuensis found to be positioned in separate monophyletic branch from all other branches of the Rhizoplaca-Protoparmeliopsis s. l. clade of the Lecanoraceae.
The genus Polyozosia A. Massal. as earlier name for the former Myriolecis branch of the Lecanoraceae is accepted as far the type species of the latter genus, i.e. P. poliophaea , found to be positioned within this branch. The Polyozosia robust monophyletic branch is positioned in the outermost position in the Rhizoplaca-Protoparmeliopsis s. str. clade of the Lecanoraceae.
Position and species content of the accepted genera Glaucomaria, Lecanoropsis, Omphalodina, Polyozosia , and Straminella are discussed in separate nrITS and mtSSU, and combined phylogeny based on concatenated sequences of nrITS, mtSSU, RPB2 and RPB1 genes.
Fourty new combinations are proposed: Glaucomaria bicincta, G. carpinea, G. leptyrodes, G. lojkaeana, G. subcarpinea, G. sulphurea, G. swartzii, G. swartzii subsp. caulescens, G. swartzii subsp. nylanderi, Lecanoropsis anopta, L. macleanii, Omphalodina chrysoleuca, O. huashanensis, O. opiniconensis, O. phaedrophthalma, O. pseudistera, Palicella anakeestiicola, Polyozosia albescens, P. andrewii, P. contractula, P. crenulata, P. dispersa, P. hagenii, P. perpruinosa, P. populicola, P. pruinosa, P. reuteri, P. sambuci, P. semipallida, P. straminea, P. thuleana, Sedelnikovaea marginalis, S. pseudogyrophorica, S. subdiscrepans, Straminella bullata, S. burgaziae, S. conizaeoides, S. densa, S. maheui, S. varia , and Verseghya thysanophora . Validation of one name as Polyozosia perpruinosa Fröberg ex S. Y. Kondr. L. Lőkös et Farkas is also proposed.
A list of 56 lichenicolous fungi recently found in Bavaria is presented. Among them Rhymbocarpus fuscoatrae is new to Europa and Chalara lichenicola new to Central Europe; new to Germany are Arthonia microsticta, Caeruleoconidia biazrovii, Chaetopyrena penicillata, Epithamnolia longicladoniae, Polycoccum alpinum, Stigmidium gyrophorarum, Taeniolella diploschistis and Trimmatostroma acetabuli; new to Bavaria are Didymocyrtis grumantiana, Endococcus exerrans, Endococcus perpusillus s. str., Pezizella epithallina, Refractohilum peltigerae and Sphinctrina leucopoda. The new species Roselliniella silvae-gabretae Brackel is described. Moreover, Sphaerellothecium arctoparmeliae is reported as neu for Iceland and Sphaerellothecium leratianum as new for Greenland and North America.
Litterski, B., Dolnik, C., Neumann, P., Schiefelbein, U. & Schultz, M. 2021: Veränderungen der Flechtenflora auf dem Darß im Nationalpark Vorpommersche Boddenlandschaft. – Herzogia 34: 354 –381. Die aktuelle Flechtenflora auf drei Monitoringflächen auf dem Darß wird dargestellt und mit der Ersterfassung vor 25 Jahren verglichen, außerdem werden weitere Nachweise ergänzend erbracht. Insgesamt umfasst die Zusammenstellung 194 Flechten und 20 lichenicole Pilze, wobei die Vorkommen von sieben Arten (Bryoria fuscescens, Cladonia zopfii, Diplotomma alboatrum, Mycobilimbia sphaeroides, Scoliciosporum chlorococcum, Sphinctrina turbinata, Stereocaulon condensatum) 2019 nicht bestätigt und etwa 85 Taxa erstmals für die Halbinsel Darß-Zingst nachgewiesen werden. Dies ist auf Veränderungen der Luftgüte, Klimawandel, Sukzession und Waldentwicklung im Schutzgebiet sowie den besseren Kenntnisstand zurückzuführen. Die Untersuchung ist zugleich ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis von FFH-Lebensraumtypen im Küstenraum, insbesondere der bewaldeten Küstendünen (Code 2180). Der lichenicole Pilz Lichenosticta lecanorae wird erstmals für Deutschland nachgewiesen. Erstnachweise von vier weiteren lichenicolen Pilzen (Abrothallus bertianus, Ellisembia lichenicola, Stigmidium eucline, Tremella wirthii) sowie von sechs Flechten (Absconditella delutula, Alyxoria viridipruinosa, Fuscidea arboricola, Lepraria leuckertiana, Loxospora elatina, Strigula taylorii) werden für Mecklenburg-Vorpommern erbracht.
Knudsen, K., Kocourková, J., Hodková, E. & Schiefelbein, U. 2021. A new species of Myriospora (Acarosporaceae) and a report of Myriospora rufescens from Central Europe.-Herzogia 34: 327-338. Myriospora bullata is described from Germany. It is similar to M. scabrida in having apothecia in a parathecial ring but differs in becoming bullate, in often being orange, and in being a lichenicolous lichen. It is probably restricted to copper-rich rock. Myriospora himalayensis is not considered a member of the genus but a regional lineage in either Acarospora or Sarcogyne. Myriospora rufescens is reported new for the Czech Republic. Zusammenfassung: Knudsen, K., Kocourková, J., Hodková, E. & Schiefelbein, U. 2021. Eine neue Myriospora-Art (Acarosporaceae) und ein Nachweis von Myriospora rufescens aus Mitteleuropa.-Herzogia 34: 327-338. Die Flechte Myriospora bullata wird aus Deutschland beschrieben. Wie bei M. scabrida sind die Apothecien von einem erhabenen parathecialen Ring umgeben. Der Thallus der neuen Art wird jedoch bullat, ist oft orange gefärbt und lebt lichenicol. Vermutlich ist die Art auf kupferreiches Gestein beschränkt. Myriospora himalayensis wird nicht als Angehörige dieser Gattung angesehen, sondern als regionale Abstammungslinie von Acarospora oder Sarcogyne. Myriospora rufescens wird für die Tschechische Republik nachgewiesen.
Ramalina arsenii sp. nov. belongs to the R. pollinaria group and is easily recognized by its ITS barcode and several micro-morphological characters that are diagnostic in a European context: small size, less than 3 cm long; soralia developing on the underside of lobe apices; absence of excavate depressions on the lower side. Its ecological niche (i.e. rock outcrops and especially underhangs of slightly calcareous rocks, at low and mid altitudes) is also unique. Ramalina arsenii is frequent and locally abundant in France (Alps, Cantal) and Switzerland (western Alps), and is also known from Germany and the Spanish side of the Pyrenees.
We report new records of 19, predominantly rare, Micarea species, mostly from dead wood in mixed montane forests characterized mainly by Norway spruce, European beech and silver fir in the Bavarian Forest National Park on the German-Czech border. Their ecology and key morphological features are discussed. Micarea contexta, M. fallax, M. melanobola, M. pseudomicrococca, M. pusilla, M. soralifera and M. tomentosa are reported for the first time from Germany. Micarea anterior, M. byssacea, M. elachista, M. laeta, M. micrococca, M. nigella and M. nowakii, in addition to the aforementioned, are reported as new for the Bavarian Forest National Park.
Diederich, P. & Schultz, M. 2021. The identity of Verrucaster lichenicola Tobler.-Herzogia 34: 203-207. The genus and species Verrucaster lichenicola, described by Tobler in 1913 for waxy pycnidia with hyaline, aseptate conidia on Cladonia bacillaris, was poorly known, as the type was missing and no additional similar specimen available. The recent discovery of the type in HBG allowed us to understand that it represents pycnidia of Cladonia, not of a lichenicolous fungus. The names thus become younger synonyms of Cladonia and C. macilenta.
Zusammenfassung: Diederich, P. & Schultz, M. 2021. Die Identität von Verrucaster lichenicola Tobler.-Herzogia 34: 203-207. Die Gattung und Art Verrucaster lichenicola, die 1913 von Tobler für wachsartige Pyknidien mit hyalinen, unsep-tierten Konidien auf Cladonia bacillaris beschrieben wurde, war schlecht bekannt, da der Typus verschollen war und keine zusätzlichen Belege bekannt waren. Durch die Entdeckung des Typus in HBG wurde uns klar, dass es sich nicht um einen lichenicolen Pilz, sondern um Pyknidien von Cladonia handelt; die Namen werden so zu jüngeren Synonymen von Cladonia und von C. macilenta.
Pertusaria inopinata Erichsen (= Lepra excludens (Nyl.) Hafellner), P. jurana Erichsen (= Lepra albescens (Huds.) Hafellner) and P. jurana var. confluens Erichsen (= Ochrolechia turneri (Sm.) Hasselrot) are synonymized based on results from comparison of morphology and secondary compound chemistry of type material. Lectotypes are selected for Pertusaria inopinata and P. jurana.
The genus Thelopsis was classified in the family Stictidaceae but its systematic position has never been investigated by molecular methods. In order to determine its family placement and to test its monophyly, fungal DNA of recent collections of Thelopsis specimens was sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses using nuLSU, RPB 2 and mtSSU sequences reveal that members of Thelopsis form a monophyletic group within the genus Gyalecta as currently accepted. The placement of Thelopsis , including the generic type T. rubella , within the genus Gyalecta challenges the generic circumscription of this group because Thelopsis is well recognized by the combination of morphological characters: perithecioid ascomata, well-developed periphysoids, polysporous asci and small, few-septate ellipsoid-oblong ascospores. The sterile sorediate Opegrapha corticola is also placed in the Gyalectaceae as sister species to Thelopsis byssoidea + T. rubella . Ascomata of O. corticola are illustrated for the first time and support its placement in the genus Thelopsis . The hypothesis that O. corticola might represent the sorediate fertile morph of T. rubella is not confirmed because the species is phylogenetically and morphologically distinct. Thelopsis is recovered as polyphyletic, with T. melathelia being placed as sister species to Ramonia . The new combinations Thelopsis corticola (Coppins & P. James) Sanderson & Ertz comb. nov. and Ramonia melathelia (Nyl.) Ertz comb. nov. are introduced and a new species of Gyalecta , G. amsterdamensis Ertz, is described from Amsterdam and Saint-Paul Islands, characterized by a sterile thallus with discrete soralia. Petractis luetkemuelleri and P. nodispora are accommodated in the new genus Neopetractis , differing from the generic type ( P. clausa ) by having a different phylogenetic position and a different photobiont. Francisrosea bicolor Ertz & Sanderson gen. & sp. nov. is described for a sterile sorediate lichen somewhat similar to Opegrapha corticola but having an isolated phylogenetic position as sister to a clade including Gyalidea praetermissa and the genera Neopetractis and Ramonia . Gyalecta farlowii , G. nidarosiensis and G. carneola are placed in a molecular phylogeny for the first time. The taxonomic significance of morphological characters in Gyalectaceae is discussed.
The identity of Lecanora ecorticata has been uncertain due to conflicting reports of the presence of zeorin and the loss of the holotype. Phylogenetic analysis suggests that the species probably belongs in Ramalinaceae , where it is the first leprose species reported. Zeorin was found to be absent in recently collected material of L. ecorticata , including specimens from the type locality, and the report of zeorin in the lost holotype is considered to be due to contamination. A new genus, Lithocalla , is erected to accommodate L. ecorticata and a second closely related species, that occurs in the Falkland Islands, is newly combined as Lithocalla malouina . A lectotype is selected for L. ecorticata . Lithocalla is characterized by a leprose thallus containing usnic acid with fatty acids and terpenoids, but no zeorin; ascomata and conidiomata are unknown.
Lecanographa farinosa was considered to be a lichen inhabiting coastal rocks of the Mediterranean region and to possess psoromic and conpsoromic acids as major secondary metabolites. A revision of its type specimen from Germany proved that the species has been misunderstood. In this paper, L. farinosa is shown to have a thallus containing confluentic and 2’-O-methylmicrophyllinic acids and to have a different ecology and distribution. A revision of previous reports of L. farinosa from continental Portugal and the study of recent specimens of Lecanographa cf. farinosa from the Azores, Canary Islands, Cape Verde and continental Portugal revealed a new species described as L. atlantica. Moreover, reports of L. dialeuca from France (Brittany) and of L. subgrumulosa from the Azores are considered misidentifications of L. atlantica. This latter has thus a widespread distribution ranging from the Azores to the Atlantic coast of the European continent where it inhabits volcanic rocks near the sea. Lecanographa atlantica is characterized by a whitish to cream coloured thallus, usually rounded or oblong to shortly lirelliform and white pruinose ascomata with a widely exposed hymenial disc and thin margin, (3–)5–7-septate ascospores of (16–)18.9–23(–26) × (3–)3.4–4(–4.5) µm, and a chemistry including at least 2’-O-methylperlatolic acid but lacking confluentic and 2’-O-methylmicrophyllinic acids. Psoromic acid is sometimes present in L. atlantica but its origin is unclear. Phylogenetic analyses using nuLSU sequences place L. atlantica as sister to L. hypothallina.
Material which has been ascribed to the freshwater species Verrucaria aethiobola or V. latebrosa is shown to comprise three cryptic species, based on ITS and mtSSU sequences. The names V. aethiobola and V. latebrosa are applied to two of these, and epitypes are selected to fix the application of the names. The third cryptic species is described as V. tephromela. In addition, V. anziana is confirmed as a separate species, of which most specimens can be identified by the thick thallus and poorly developed involucrellum. A related non-aquatic species found on calcareous stones is described as V. pallidomurina.
The European species Acarospora franconica and Acarospora helvetica are revised. Acarospora franconica is a low-land species of central Europe collected on sandstone and volcanic rock. It is reported as new for the Czech Republic. Acarospora helvetica is a montane species which occurs on basic and intermediate siliceous rock. Acarospora hel-vetica was described and reported from Switzerland and France by A. H. Magnusson and is reported new for Austria, Greece, Italy and Germany. Lectotypes are designated for A. austriaca, A. franconica and A. helvetica. Acarospora austriaca is a synonym of A. helvetica.
000 new field collections generated, the park checklist now includes 920 species, a 129% increase over estimates made two decades ago. Nearly a quarter of the lichens reported in the park are known from only a single occurence whereas only 7% of the lichens are known from 20 or more occurences. An assessment of commonness/rarity for all 920 species indicates that nearly half of the park's lichens should be considered to be infrequent, rare, or exceptionally rare. We assessed the distributions of all 920 species and found that 54 are endemic to the southeastern United States, 30 are endemic to the southern Appalachians, and eight occur nowhere else than within the confines of the national park. We discuss biogeographical affinities of the park's lichen biota as a whole, delimiting six regional "floristic" connections. Our 11 years of research have resulted in the discovery of several species presumed to be extinct or near-extinct. We make one new combination (Fuscopannaria frullaniae) and describe five species as new to science, each commemorating National Park Service staff instrumental to the completion of the study: Heterodermia langdoniana, Lecanora darlingiae, Lecanora sachsiana, Leprocaulon nicholsiae, and Pertusaria superiana.