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A Novel Miniaturized Band‐Stop Frequency Selective Surface With Ultra‐Wideband Characteristics

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Radio Science
Authors:
Shini Ramadoss
Shini Ramadoss
Shini Ramadoss
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Malathi Kanagasabai at Anna University, Chennai
Malathi Kanagasabai
Gulam Nabi Alsath Mohammed
Gulam Nabi Alsath Mohammed
Gulam Nabi Alsath Mohammed
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Abstract and Figures

This paper presents the design of an Ultra‐wide band‐stop Frequency Selective Surface (FSS), the building block of which makes use of a modified Jerusalem cross loop structure. The proposed FSS unit cell has a coupled configuration with a modified Jerusalem cross loop on the top and a square loop on the rear side to operate over an ultra‐wide bandwidth. The proposed FSS design offers band‐stop characteristics over the entire UWB operating bandwidth extending from 2.95 to 12 GHz with a reference transmission loss of 10 dB. The proposed FSS unit cell has a miniaturized profile of 0.05λ˳ × 0.05λ˳ where the λ˳ corresponds to the free space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. The rotational symmetry of the proposed FSS makes it polarization‐independent under both TE and TM modes of operation. Also, the proposed FSS exhibits a good angular stability response up to 60°. The prototype FSS is fabricated and the simulated results are validated using experimental measurements. Thus, the proposed FSS is a promising candidate for a multitude of applications such as spatial filtering (Bayatpur & Sarabandi, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2009.2038517), antenna gain enhancement (Chatterjee & Parui, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2016.2552543), and electromagnetic shields (Chiu et al., 2008, https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMC.2008.2004560) operating over the UWB spectrum.
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1. Introduction
Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) comprise an array of metallic patches or apertures arranged in a periodic
fashion that offers either band-pass or band-stop response owing to its geometrical nature. They are extensively
utilized in the design of absorbers (Munk, 2005), reflectors (Chatterjee & Parui, 2016; Ranga et al., 2011),
radomes (Omar & Shen,2019), spatial filters (Bayatpur & Sarabandi,2010), and electromagnetic shielding appli-
cations (Chiu etal.,2008; Sivasamy etal.,2018). The devices operating over UWB frequencies will suffer from
mutual interferences (Sivasamy etal.,2018). The Electromagnetic Interference present in the UWB system (Chiu
etal.,2008) will degrade the system performance. The FSS (Yahya etal.,2016a,2016b) has been proposed to
isolate the unwanted radiations in the UWB system. Several design techniques (Sivasamy & Kanagasabai,2017;
Sivasamy et al., 2017; Syed et al., 2014) are employed in FSS to widen the band-stop response for UWB
applications.
In the literature, several miniaturized FSS unit cells are described. A garland FSS unit cell (Baisakhiya etal.,2013)
exhibiting band-stop response only for a narrow bandwidth range from 7.04 to 10.55GHz is discussed. The
FSS unit cell with wide band-stop characteristics is proposed in (Sivasamy & Kanagasabai,2017; Sivasamy
etal., 2017; Syed etal.,2014); it is limited to cover the entire UWB operating frequency. A H-shaped fractal
parts based FSS unit cells designed in (Zhao etal.,2017) covers only a narrowband response from 6.2 to 8GHz.
The FSS unit cell which exhibits band rejection from 4.5 to 14.7GHz is given in (Sood & Tripathi, 2018).
In Yahya etal.(2016a, 2016b) the square loop with inner circular ring FSS unit cell is proposed to exhibit
a band rejection ranging from 3.5 to 10.6 GHz, but it is limited to cover the lower cut-off frequency of the
Ultra-Wideband. In Sampath and Sivasamy(2020) convoluted metallic patches of FSS unit cells are proposed to
reject the frequency ranges from 3.1 to 13.3GHz.
The Multi-layer FSS unit cells designed to obtain wideband performances are discussed in Ghosh and
Srivastava(2017), Hua, He, and Yang(2017), Hua, Liu, etal.(2017), Luo etal.(2018), and Zhou etal.(2012).
The Multi-layer FSS reported in the abovementioned works are limited to applications demanding simple geom-
etry of the FSS unit cell. To implement more compact unit cells in a finite FSS screen several miniaturization
Abstract This paper presents the design of an Ultra-wide band-stop Frequency Selective Surface
(FSS), the building block of which makes use of a modified Jerusalem cross loop structure. The proposed
FSS unit cell has a coupled configuration with a modified Jerusalem cross loop on the top and a square
loop on the rear side to operate over an ultra-wide bandwidth. The proposed FSS design offers band-stop
characteristics over the entire UWB operating bandwidth extending from 2.95 to 12GHz with a reference
transmission loss of 10dB. The proposed FSS unit cell has a miniaturized profile of 0.05λ˳×0.05λ˳
where the λ˳ corresponds to the free space wavelength at the lowest operating frequency. The rotational
symmetry of the proposed FSS makes it polarization-independent under both TE and TM modes of
operation. Also, the proposed FSS exhibits a good angular stability response up to 60°. The prototype
FSS is fabricated and the simulated results are validated using experimental measurements. Thus, the
proposed FSS is a promising candidate for a multitude of applications such as spatial filtering (Bayatpur &
Sarabandi, 2010, https://doi.org/10.1109/LMWC.2009.2038517), antenna gain enhancement (Chatterjee &
Parui, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1109/TAP.2016.2552543), and electromagnetic shields (Chiu etal., 2008,
https://doi.org/10.1109/TEMC.2008.2004560) operating over the UWB spectrum.
RAMADOSS ETAL.
© 2022. American Geophysical Union.
All Rights Reserved.
A Novel Miniaturized Band-Stop Frequency Selective Surface
With Ultra-Wideband Characteristics
Shini Ramadoss1 , Malathi Kanagasabai1 , and Gulam Nabi Alsath Mohammed2
1Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, College of Engineering, Guindy, Anna University, Chennai,
India, 2Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering,
Chennai, India
Key Points:
• This paper presents the design of
an Ultra-wide band-stop Frequency
Selective Surface (FSS)
• The proposed FSS design offers
band-stop characteristics over the
entire UWB operating bandwidth
• The proposed FSS is a promising
candidate for a multitude of
applications such as spatial filtering,
antenna gain enhancement
Correspondence to:
S. Ramadoss,
shinyaboorva@gmail.com
Citation:
Ramadoss, S., Kanagasabai, M., &
Mohammed, G. N. A. (2022). A novel
miniaturized band-stop Frequency
Selective Surface with Ultra-wideband
characteristics. Radio Science,
57, e2022RS007439. https://doi.
org/10.1029/2022RS007439
Received 19 JAN 2022
Accepted 1 NOV 2022
Author Contributions:
Conceptualization: Shini Ramadoss
Formal analysis: Shini Ramadoss
Methodology: Shini Ramadoss
Software: Shini Ramadoss
Validation: Shini Ramadoss
Writing – original draft: Shini
Ramadoss
10.1029/2022RS007439
RESEARCH ARTICLE
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