No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the author.
Helichrysum plicatum DC.
Abstract
Helichrysum genus, known as everlasting flowers or immortelles worlwide, is a member of the Asteraceae family represented by about 600 species over the world. Helichrysum plicatum DC., which is part of this genus, is an important figure in Turkey, Balkan Penunsula, and Iran because it is traditionally used for treatment of many diseases, especially diabetes, kidney stone, jaundice, and wounds. It is of great importance for Turkey due to hosting four subspecies of Helichrysum plicatum DC., which are Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum DC., Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. pseudoplicatum (Nab.) Davis & Kubicha, Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. polyphyllum (Lebed) Davis & Kubicha, and Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. isauricum Parolly. Flavonoids, pyrones, phloroglucinols, terpenoid, phtalides, and phenolic acids were detected in Helichrysum plicatum with a small number of studies. Likewise, monoterpenes, fatty acids, and sesquiterpenes were found in essential oil with limited number of phytochemical investigations. In recent year, the several pharmacological activities such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, antiinflammaory, antidiabetic, antiurolithiatic, insecticidal, and anticancer activity have been confirmed by researchers. In this chapter, it is aimed that its traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological properties of Helichrysum plicatum until date will be summarized and highlighted to explore the gaps and to contribute to future potential.Keywords
Helichrysum plicatum
AsteraceaeHelichrysum plicatum subsp. polyphyllumHelichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatumHelichrysum plicatum subsp. isauricumHelichrysum plicatum subsp. pseudoplicatumPharmacognosyPhytoconstituentsEthnopharmacology
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
This study aimed to assess the antineurodegenerative and antioxidant activity of Helichrysum plicatum flower extract, as well as to identify extract ingredients with acceptable pharmacokinetic parameters such as gastrointestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier permeation, and P-glycoprotein-mediated effusion for optimal therapeutic brain exposure. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by ABTS, FRAP, and b-carotene bleaching assays, while antineurodegenerative activity was tested using acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and tyrosinase (TYR) inhibitory activity assays. In the ABTS test, the dry extract at the highest applied concentration (500 µg/mL) showed better or similar antioxidant activity compared to the standards. In the b-carotene assay, all applied concentrations of the extract showed significantly higher activity than vitamin C. No concentration-dependent activity was observed in the AChE assay, while in the TYR assay the lowest extract concentration (100 µg/mL) showed the highest percentage of inhibition (27.92 %). Pharmacokinetic parameters of compounds were predicted by in silico SwissADME online tool in accordance by the rules of drug-likeness. According to the pharmacokinetic properties, we concluded that pentoxymethoxylated flavones may represent CNS drug candidates for further studies.
Background
The Mountains of the Western Lesser Caucasus with its rich plant diversity, multicultural and multilingual nature host diverse ethnobotanical knowledge related to medicinal plants. However, cross-cultural medicinal ethnobotany and patterns of plant knowledge have not yet been investigated in the region. Doing so could highlight the salient medicinal plant species and show the variations between communities. This study aimed to determine and discuss the similarities and differences of medicinal ethnobotany among people living in highland pastures on both sides of the Georgia-Turkey border.
Methods
During the 2017 and 2018 summer transhumance period, 119 participants (74 in Turkey, 45 in Georgia) were interviewed with semi-structured questions. The data was structured in use-reports (URs) following the ICPC classification. Cultural Importance (CI) Index, informant consensus factor (FIC), shared/separate species-use combinations, as well as literature data were used for comparing medicinal ethnobotany of the communities.
Results
One thousand five hundred six UR for 152 native wild plant species were documented. More than half of the species are in common on both sides of the border. Out of 817 species-use combinations, only 9% of the use incidences are shared between communities across the border. Around 66% of these reports had not been previously mentioned specifically in the compared literature. Only 33 species have similar use reports in both countries, most important of which are Plantago major, Urtica dioica, Picea orientalis, Anthemis spp., Sambucus ebulus, Achillea millefolium, Helichrysum rubicundum, Mentha longifolia, Pinus sylvestris var. hamata, Hypericum perforatum, Tussilago farfara, Helichrysum plicatum, Rumex crispus, Berberis vulgaris, and Origanum vulgare. More than half of species reported in each country were found to have more than one part of the plant valued for medicinal use. The most common way of using plants medicinally in both countries is drinking the water infusion of aerial parts with flowers. Based on CI index value, two-thirds of the salient 15 genera in both countries have use reports in at least seven medicinal use categories. While the most cited category with highest FIC is digestive in Georgia, it is skin category in Turkey. Patterns of medicinal plant knowledge among studied communities appear to be connected with more than one cultural factor, in particular ethnolinguistic diversity, cultural background, and access to multilingual written folk and scientific literature, or probably a combination of various factors.
Conclusion
Considering the regions’ floral similarity, common historical-cultural contact, and similar livelihood strategies of the communities, shared ethnomedicinal knowledge across the Georgia-Turkey border is quite low. Even though the impacts of accessing multilingual folk and scientific literature are likely to be significant, the factors that shape the medicinal plant knowledge patterns of the communities are shown to be variable among species, needing further research into intracultural diversity and socio-economical conditions, as well as the political history across the border.
In Turkey, Helichrysum genus is represented by 26 taxa belonging to 20 species in Turkish flora of which 14 ones are endemic to Turkey. The aerial parts of Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum are used kidney stones, kidney and stomach ailments. The extraction procedures and solvents are important step in processing of bioactive constituents from the plant materials. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-urease, anticholinesterase and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum different extracts. In addition, the phenolic characterization of the Soxhlet and maceration methanol extracts which showed significant antioxidant, anti-urease, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and anticholinesterase activities were performed by HPLC-DAD and LC-MS/MS. In the present study, the Soxhlet methanol extract exhibited strong antioxidant, antimicrobial and anticholinesterase activities than other extracts. The maceration methanol extract showed the strongest anti-urease activity. The Soxhlet methanol and maceration methanol extracts showed in vivo anti-inflammatory activities very close to each other. As a result of this study, chlorogenic acid, dicaffeoylquinic acid, luteolin, luteolin-7-O-glucoside, naringenin-O-hexoside and isoquercitrin compounds were analysed in plant. Therefore, it is thought that methanol extracts can be used as a natural source in the future for food and pharmaceutical industries.
Helichrysum plicatum DC. is widely used in folk medicine in treating a variety of health disorders. The aim of this study was to examine the influence of different extraction solvents on the chemical composition, antioxidant potential, and antimicrobial activities of H. plicatum. Aerial parts were separately extracted with ethanol, dichloromethane, and sunflower oil. The oil extract (OE) was re-extracted with acetonitrile. A total of 142 compounds were tentatively identified in ethanolic (EE), dichloromethane (DCME), and acetonitrile (ACNE) extracts using HPLC-DAD/ESI-ToF-MS. The dominant compound class in all extracts were α-pyrones, alongside flavonoids in EE, terpenoids in DCME and ACNE, and phloroglucinols in DCME. The antioxidant potential of the extracts was assessed by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH) assay. EE and DCME possessed the most potent radical scavenging capacity. Antimicrobial activity was investigated on eight bacterial, two yeast, and one fungal species. All extracts exhibited high antifungal and notable antibacterial activities compared to control substances, with DCME being the most potent. DCME exhibited stronger antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa than the standard chloramphenicol.
In the present study, we aimed to search and compare the biological activities of the ethanol (EtOH), methanol (MeOH), and ethylacetate (EtOAc) solvent extracts of the flower, stem, and root parts of two Helichrysum plants (H. chionophilum (Hc) and H. plicatum subsp. plicatum (Hp)). The antioxidant properties were determined by using (2,2‐diphenyl‐1‐picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH) and ABTS (2,2′‐azino‐bis(3‐ethylbenzothiazoline‐6‐sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. The enzyme inhibitory effects of the extracts were investigated on butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), α‐glucosidase, and α‐amylase. Palmitic acid (C 16:0) was also determined as major fatty acids in the tested oils (31.21%–67.68%). In both plants, it was found that the EtOAc extracts of the flowers had a strong antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory effect. In conclusion, the results obtained in the present study showed that H. chionophilum and H. plicatum can be seen as a promising source for the natural bioactive compounds that can be used in therapeutic applications.
Practical applications
The members of the genus Helichrysum have been widely taken for therapeutic purposes in traditional medicine as well as food. In this context, we investigated the chemical characterization and biological activities of two Helichrysum species extracts (H. chionophilum and H. plicatum subsp. plicatum ). Antioxidant capacity, enzyme inhibition and anti‐microbial effects were tested for biological activities. Chemical characterization was identified by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) (for phenolic) and gas chromatography‐flame ioanization detector (GC‐FID) (for fatty acids). Based on our findings, the species may be valuable for designing novel food products.
Flowers of Helichrysum plicatum were extracted under different experimental conditions, and their antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH radical scavenging assay. Extracts obtained with higher concentration of ethyl acetate (90% or 100%) were found to contain the greatest amount of total phenolics (> 250 mg gallic acid equivalents/g of dried extract), and high correlation between total phenolic content and antiradical activity was observed (r = −0.79). Based on the total phenolic content and antiradical activity, some extracts were selected for investigation of cytotoxic activity toward PC3, HeLa and K562 human cancer cell lines in vitro. All tested extracts exhibited moderate activity against HeLa cells (41.9-42.1 μg/mL), whereas the extract obtained with 100% ethyl acetate was the most active against K562 and PC3 cell lines (25.9 and 39.2 μg/mL, respectively). Statistical analysis revealed significant correlation between total phenolic content and cytotoxic activity against PC3 and K562 cells. HPLC identification of phenolic compounds from the extracts indicated the presence of apigenin, naringenin and kaempferol as free aglycones, and glycosides of apigenin, naringenin, quercetin and kaempferol. Among aglycones, kaempferol displayed moderate cytostatic activity against all cell lines (24.8-64.7 μM).
The present study describes the ability of different extracts of H. plicatum obtained from flowers, stems and leaves, to act as natural antioxidants in different in vitro experimental models in which free radical reactions are involved: inhibition of DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl) radical, inhibition of hydroxyl radicals and protection of β-carotene-linoleic acid model system. Investigate extracts showed radical scavenging activity with IC50 from 6 to 11 mg/ml. The extracts are capable to reacting with OH• radical with inhibition of its production ranged between 33-58%. The high preventive activity against the bleaching of beta-carotene (15-49% of initial value after 120 minutes) was also observed. The antioxidative activity of the extracts in the experimental systems was compared with that of reference substances: luteolin, quercetin, BHA, BHT and sylimarin (the main agent of the well-known milk thistle – Silybum marianum L.). Results of this study suggest that Helichrysum plicatum represent a natural source with antioxidant potential.
In this study we aimed to evaluate the morphological traits and essential oil compositions of three members of Astreraceae (Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum DC., Tanacetum vulgare L., Anthemis cretica L. subsp. albida (Boiss.) Grierson) growing wild in the semi-arid areas of Cankiri province, Turkey. Some morphological characters were reported for the first time. Essential oils were obtained by hydrodistillation, and their components were identified using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Forty eight compounds were detected for Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum DC., 39 for Tanacetum vulgare L., and 15 for Anthemis cretica L. subsp. albida (Boiss.) Grierson. Although these species belong to the same family, the essential oil profiles revealed significant alterations. The dominant compounds in Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum DC. were sesquiterpenes, whereas monoterpenes were the most abundant compounds in Tanacetum vulgare L. and Anthemis cretica L. subsp. albida (Boiss.) Grierson. The results indicated that the three species use different morphological and chemical processes for broad and specific adaptation.
Despite
the richness of local flora and medicinal plant utilization, there is no any
report on documentation of antidiabetic botanicals used in Van province.
Therefore, the present study aimed to record accumulation of the traditional
antidiabetic medicinal plants of Van province in order to preserve the valuable
local medicines knowledge, which has been threatened by urbanization. Antidiabetic folk
medicines were determined via field surveys conducted in 1065 settlements
during the period of 2014-2017 through medicinal plants questionnaire
and structured face-to-face interviews (600 informants) with local people who
are well known in the province for their long practice in traditional medicine.
69 plant taxa (35 species with undocumented antidiabetic medicinal use in
scientific literature for Turkey) including five endemic and one rare to Turkey
belong to 16 families (principally Asteraceae and Lamiaceae) were recorded for
their traditional antidiabetic use. 52 different vernacular names were detected
which were mainly indicate morphological characteristics. Infusion prepared
from leaf and flower organs were found as the most common preparation method of
local medicines in the province. Use value analysis showed that Rheum ribes, Urtica dioica, Scutelleria orientalis
subsp. pichleri, Diplotenia
cachrydifolia, Teucrium polium, Rosa canina, Campanula glomerata subsp. hispida, Rumex scutatus, Helichrysum
plicatum subsp. plicatum and Tanacetum balsamita subsp. balsamita might serve promising
pharmaceutical agents for diabetes treatment.
Research on longevity is important to both prolong lifespan and support healthy aging. Natural products are widely being utilized and used as new resources for drug molecules. Caenorhabditis elegans is an advantageous organism for longevity research and age-related diseases. In this study, we tested a number of plant extracts for their effects on C. elegans longevity. In lifespan assays, agesynchronized wild-type C. elegans specimens were treated with different concentrations of plant extracts. Plant extracts were prepared as either infusions or decoctions, similar to their traditional utilization. Hedera helix L. (Araliaceae) extended lifespan in worms in a concentration-dependent manner. The mean survival rates in the H. helix-treated groups were significantly higher, by 23.7% when applied at 1000 µg/mL, 16% when applied at 500 µg/mL, and 16% when applied at 250 µg/mL, compared to the control group. HPLC analysis identified chlorogenic acid as the major component of H. helix. Salvia verticillata L. (Lamiaceae) and Myrtus communis L. (Myrtaceae) treatments resulted in median lifespan extension. Maximum lifespan was extended in worms by Rubus sanctus Schreb. (Rosaceae) treatment. This study provided the first evidence demonstrating the possible lifespan-extending effects of a group of Turkish medicinal plants in an in vivo model, C. elegans.
A total of 341 naturally distributed taxa belonging to 65 families are used in the traditional medicine in Iğdır (Turkey), Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan), and Tabriz (Iran). Local people in three different regions generally use herbal remedies for digestive, respiratory, urogenital systems, as well as dermal, neurological and psyschological diseases. On the basis of localities three highly prevelant usesin Iğdır are colds (32 taxa), stomach disorders (28 taxa), and cough (24 taxa); in Nakhchivan rheumatism (24 taxa), gastrointestinal disorders (24 taxa), and anthelmintic (20 taxa), and in Tabriz diuretic (24 taxa), fever (22 taxa), and cough (20 taxa). Our findings reveal that in these three areas belonging to three neighbouring countries 4 taxa are widely distributed and used almost forthe same applications; Glycyrrhiza glabra (for digestive and respiratory systems), Malus sylvestris ssp. orientalis (for respiratory system), Rosa canina (for digestive and urinogenital systems), and Urtica dioica (for digestive system). The studied areas show several resemblances from cultural and other aspects.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible therapeutic or protective effects of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum ethanol extract (HPE) against gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity. Thirty-six Sprague Dawley male rats weighing between 200 and 250 g were used as live material. They were formed into six groups containing 6 rats each and were allowed to adapt to laboratory conditions for 7 d. Group I: control, 5% DMSO intraperitoneal (i.p.); Group II: HPE 100 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; Group III: HPE 200 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; Group IV: gentamicin as 80 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; Group V: gentamicin as 80 mg/(kg·d) i.p.+HPE 100 mg/(kg·d) i.p.; and Group VI: gentamicin as 80 mg/(kg·d) i.p.+HPE 200 mg/(kg·d) i.p. for 8 d. Following treatment, serum, liver, and kidney tissues were used to assess blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, and lipid peroxidation. Gentamicin significantly increased serum BUN, creatinin, and liver and kidney levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). It also decreased the activity of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Treatment with the HPE 100 mg/kg reversed gentamicin-induced alterations as evidenced by decreased serum BUN and creatinin, liver and kidney oxidant marker, and tubular necrosis as well as by an increase in antioxidant enzymes. It was found that HPE 200 mg/kg significantly increased liver and kidney tissue MDA levels in nephrotoxicity in rats. As a result, these findings support the proposition that HPE in 100 mg/kg dose demonstrates in the kidney and liver as free radicals and scavenger to prevent the toxic effects of gentamicin in both the biochemical and histopathology parameters.
This study identifies wild plants collected for medical purposes by local people of Karaisalı County in the Mediterranean Region of Turkey, together with the uses and local names of these plants. A field study was carried out over a period of approximately 2 years (2008–2010). During this period, 129 vascular plant specimens were collected. Demographic characteristics of participants, local plant names, parts used and methods of preparation of the plants were investigated and recorded. Within the scope of the study, relevant plant species were collected; herbarium materials were prepared; and the specimens were labelled. In addition, the use-value of the species was determined and calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study.
Dry flower heads of Helichrysum plicatum were characterized by HPLC-DAD and a detailed antimicrobial assay of its ethanol extract was performed. Identification of phenolic compounds indicated the presence of apigenin, naringenin and kaempferol as free aglycones, glycosides of apigenin, naringenin, quercetin and kaempferol as well as chlorogenic acid and chalcone derivate. Antimicrobial activity of the extract was evaluated against various bacteria and fungi as well as yeast Candida albicans using microdilution method. Gram-positive bacteria were more sensitive to the tested extract (MIC values were to 0.02 mg/mL) than Gram-negative bacteria (the greatest MIC was 0.055 mg/mL). Regarding pathogenic fungi, our tests demonstrated that fungi were more sensitive to the tested extract than bacteria. The growth of the majority of the tested fungi was inhibited by concentration of 0.005 mg/mL. Moreover, extract was significantly more active than commercial fungicide, fluconazole. The results of our tests indicate that the extract of H. plicatum has significant antimicrobial activity and may find application in the pharmaceutical and food industry and organic agriculture.
Objective(s): Ethnopharmacological field surveys demonstrated that many plants, such as Gentiana olivieri, Helichrysum graveolens, Helichrysum plicatum ssp. plicatum, Juniperus oxycedrus ssp. oxycedrus, Juniperus communis var. saxatilis, Viscum album (ssp. album, ssp. austriacum), are used as traditional medicine for diabetes in different regions of Anatolia. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic effects of some selected plants, tested in animal models recently. Materials and Methods: α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzyme inhibitory effects of the plant extracts were investigated and Acarbose was used as a reference drug. Additionally, radical scavenging capacities were determined using 2, 2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) ABTS radical cation scavenging assay and total phenolic content of the extracts were evaluated using Folin Ciocalteu method. Results: H. graveolens ethanol extract exhibited the highest inhibitory activity (55.7 % ± 2.2) on α-amylase enzyme. Additionally, J. oxycedrus hydro-alcoholic leaf extract had potent α-amylase inhibitory effect, while the hydro-alcoholic extract of J. communis fruit showed the highest α-glucosidase inhibitory activity (IC50: 4.4 μg/ml). Conclusion: Results indicated that, antidiabetic effect of hydro-alcoholic extracts of H. graveolens capitulums, J. communis fruit and J. oxycedrus leaf might arise from inhibition of digestive enzymes.
This paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants in the villages of Çatak in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Recording such data calls for urgency. This is the first ethnobotanical study in which statistical calculations about plants are carried out by means of FIC method in Eastern (Van) part of Turkey.
This study aims to identify the wild plants collected for medicinal purposes by locals of Çatak which is located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, and to identify the uses and local names of these wild plants.
A field study had been carried out for a period of approximately 2 years (2010-2012). During this period, 78 plants taxa were collected. Demographic characteristics of participants, names of the local plants, their utilized parts and preparation methods were investigated and recorded. The plant taxa were collected within the scope of the study; and herbarium materials were prepared. In addition, the relative significance value of the taxa was determined, and informant consensus factor (FIC) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study.
We have found out in the literature review of the plants included in our study that 78 plant taxa are already used for medicinal purposes while 19 plants are not available among the records in the literature. The most common families are Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Malvaceae. We include in our study and report for the first time the medicinal uses of Alchemilla buseriana Rothm., Astragalus longifolius Lam., Cephalaria microcephala Boiss., Euphorbia grisophylla M.S. Khan, Fritillaria crassifolia Boiss. & Huet. subsp. kurdica (Boiss. & Noe) Rix, Fritillaria pinardii Boiss., Malabaila lasiocarpa Boiss., Nepeta betonicifolia C.A. Mey., Onobrychis altissima Grossh., Onobrychis carduchorum C.C. Townsend, Papaver bracteatum Lindl., Phlomis tuberosa L., Psephellus karduchorum (Boiss.) Wagenitz, Scutellaria orientalis L. subsp. pichleri (Stapf.) Edmondson, Stachys kurdica Boiss. & Hohen var. kurdica, Tanacetum kotschyi (Boiss.) Grierson, Tanacetum zahlbruckneri (Nâb.) Grierson, Turanecio eriospermus (DC.) Hamzaoğlu, Verbascum pyramidatum M.Bieb. Names of local plants in Turkey vary especially due to vernaculars. The plants that the locals of Çatak use are called with the same or different local names in various parts of Anatolia.
We found out that locals living in the research area use for therapeutic purpose 78 plants taxa which belong to 22 families. Turkish citizens with different ethnic backgrounds took the questionnaire. These people use these wild plants in treatment of several diseases. Comparison of the data obtained in this study with the experimental data obtained in the previous laboratory studies on the wild plants which grow in Çatak proved ethnobotanical usages to a great extent. Literature review indicated that the therapeutic plants that grow in Çatak are used in different parts of the world for the treatment of similar diseases.
Copyright © 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
In this study, the utilization of the plants by the local people in Kars and surrounding villages were
investigated. Despite the difficulty of the transportation to the villages, interviews were carried out face-to-face with the
community. At the end of the field studies, 95 taxa included in 32 families, which are actually used, were recorded. The
utilization of the plants was divided into three categories; as drug, food and for other purposes. The scientific names of
the plants, local names, families, usable parts and forms of utilization were listed alphabetically in the tables.
In the present work three subspecies of Helichrysum plicatum DC. (Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum, Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. polyphillum (Ledeb) P.H.Davis & Kupicha and Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. isauricum Parolly) were investigated for the essential oil chemical compositions. The volatiles were obtained by conventional hydrodistillation of aerial parts and microdistillation of inflorescences. Subsequent gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed chemical diversity in compositions of the volatiles analyzed.
A total of 199 compounds were identified representing 73.9-98.3% of the volatiles compositions. High abundance of fatty acids and their esters (24.9-70.8%) was detected in the herb volatiles of H. plicatum subsp. polyphyllum and H. plicatum subsp. isauricum.
The inflorescences of Helichrysum subspecies were found to be rich in monoterpenes (15.0-93.1%), fatty acids (0.1-36.3%) and sesquiterpenes (1.1-25.5%). The inflorescence volatiles of H. plicatum subsp. isauricum were distinguished by predomination of monoterpene hydrocarbons (93.1%) with fenchene (88.3%) as the major constituent
Ethnopharmacological relevance:
This paper provides significant ethnobotanical information on medicinal plants in the Geçitli Township in the Eastern Anatolia Region. Recording such data calls for urgency this is the first ethnobotanical study in which statistical calculations about plants are carried out by means of the FIC method in Eastern (Hakkari) part of Turkey. Aim of the study This study aims to identify the wild plants collected for medicinal purposes by locals of Geçitli which is located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, and to identify the uses and local names of these wild plants.
Materials and methods:
A field study had been carried out for a period of approximately 2 years (2008-2010). During this period, 70 plants taxa and one mushroom were collected. Demographic characteristics of participants, names of the local plants, their utilized parts and preparation methods were investigated and recorded. The plant taxa were collected within the scope of the study; and herbarium materials were prepared. In addition, the relative significance value of the taxa was determined, and informant consensus factor (FIC) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study.
Results:
We have found out in the literature review of the plants included in our study that 70 plant taxa and one mushroom are already used for medicinal purposes while 11 plants are not available among the records in the literature. The most common families are Asteraceae, Apiaceae, Lamiaceae, Rosaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fabaceae, and Malvaceae. We include in our study and report for the first time the medicinal uses of Alchemilla hessii Rothm., Cirsium pubigerum (Desf.) DC. var. spinosum Pet., Diplotaenia cachrydifolia Boiss., Euphorbia macrocarpa Boiss. & Buhse, Galium consanguineum Boiss., Inula helenium L. subsp. vanensis Grierson, Johrenia dichotoma DC. subsp. sintenisii Bornm., Pelargonium quercetorum Agnew, Rosa heckeliana Tratt. subsp. vanheurckiana (Crĕp.) Ö. Nilsson, Salix aegyptiaca L., Taraxacum montanum (C.A. Mey.) DC. Names of local plants in Turkey vary especially due to vernaculars. The plants that the locals of Geçitli use are called with the same or different local names in various parts of Anatolia.
Conclusion:
We found out that locals living in the research area use for therapeutic purpose 70 plants taxa and one mushroom which belong to 28 families. Turkish citizens with different ethnic backgrounds took the questionnaire. These people use these wild plants in treatment of several diseases. Comparison of the data obtained in this study with the experimental data obtained in the previous laboratory studies on the wild plants which grow in Geçitli proved ethnobotanical usages to a great extent. Literature review indicated that the therapeutic plants that grow in Geçitli are used in different parts of the world for the treatment of similar diseases.
Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum (Asteraceae), (common name; everlasting) is a medicinal plant and natural product. For centuries, it has been used as tea in Turkey because of its medicinal properties. There are few reports in literature about genotoxic effects of this plant. The aim of this work is to evaluate the genotoxic and antimitotic effects on human lymphocyte cultures induced by aqueous (decoction) extracts of this plant which were assayed in different concentrations (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL). Helichrysum plicatum subsp. plicatum extracts used in alternative medicine induced the formation of micronuclei, decreased the mitotic and replication indexes compared to untreated group (control). Indeed, it causes chromosomal damage (an increase in micronucleus) and delay in the cell division (decrease in mitotic and replication indexes). It should therefore not be used freely in high concentrations in alternative medicine although its antiproliferative activity may suggest as an antimitotic product.
Ethnobotany in South-Eastern Europe is gaining the interest of several scholars and stakeholders, since it is increasingly considered a key point for the re-evaluation of local bio-cultural heritage. The region of Gollobordo, located in Eastern Albania and bordering the Republic of Macedonia, is of particular interest for conducting ethnobiological studies, since it remained relatively isolated for the larger part of the 20th Century and is traditionally inhabited by a majority of ethnic Macedonians and a minority of Albanians (nowadays both sharing the Muslim faith).
An ethnobotanical survey focused on local food, medicinal, and veterinary plant uses was conducted with 58 participants using open and semi-structured interviews and via participant observation.
We recorded and identified 115 taxa of vascular plants, which are locally used for food, medicinal, and veterinary purposes (representing 268 total plant reports). The Macedonian Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) was greater than the Albanian TEK, especially in the herbal and ritual domains. This phenomenon may be linked to the long socio-cultural and linguistic isolation of this group during the time when the borders between Albania and the former Yugoslavia were completely closed. Moreover, the unusual current food utilisation of cooked potatoes leaves, still in use nowadays among Macedonians, could represent the side effect of an extreme adaptation that locals underwent over the past century when the introduction of the potato crop made new strategies available for establishing stable settlements around the highest pastures. Additionally, the difference in use of Helichrysum plicatum, which is popular in the local Macedonian folk medicine but absent among Albanians, confirms the particular significance of this taxon as it relates to the yellow colour of its flowers in South Slavic folklore.
Botanical studies with an ethnographic approach are crucial for understanding patterns of use of plants within given cultures. Importantly, such studies can also allow for analysis of the dynamics of change in these TEK patterns over the time. The results of this study may be important as baseline data set to be used in rural development programs in Gollobordo, aimed at fostering community-based strategies of management of natural resources.
In this study, 47 Flowering plant taxa belonging to 19 families that are used as medicine are documented in Kürecik (Akçadağ/Malatya). These folk medicinal plants are mostly used for treatment of cold, diabetes, inflamed wound, menstrual and abdominal pain. All settlements in Kürecik Township (20 villages) were visited during the field works. The plants that collected with folk medicinal plant user were identified and prepared voucher specimens were kept in Herbarium of Istanbul University Faculty of Pharmacy (ISTE).
Essential oil obtained from the plant species Artemisia spicigera C. Koch and Helichrysum plicatum L. (Asteraceae), Mentha longifolia L., Origanum acutidens L., Rosmarinus officinalis and Salvia multicaulis Vahl (Lamiaceae) were tested for their toxicities against the larvae of Dendroctonus micans (Kugelann) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Scolytinae) in laboratory conditions. The results show that essential oils of A. spicigera, H. plicatum, M. longifolia, O. acutidens, R. officinalis and S. multicaulis have an insecticidal effect against the larvae of D. micans, in comparison with controls. The mortality of the larvae of D. micans increases significantly after treatment with the essential oils (P<0.01). The amounts of essential oils applied were 5 and 10 μl in each, corresponding to 38.46, and 76.92 μl/L air. The mortality rates of 1-2 larval stages of D. micans after 72 h of treatment with 5-10 μl doses of essential oils of R. officinalis (73.3%), O. acutidens (73.2%) and M. longifolia (70.8%) clearly demonstrate an insecticidal effect. M. longifolia (26.6%), A. spicigera (25.5%) and H. plicatum (24.4%) have the highest mortality rates for 3-4 larval stages.
Traditional uses of some medicinal plants in Malatya (Turkey)
Ethnopharmacological relevance: This study has identified not only the wild plants collected for medical purposes by local people of Malatya Province in the Eastern Anatolia Region, but also the uses and local names of these plants. It tried to provide a source for researchers studying in ethnobotany, pharmacology and chemistry by comparing the information obtained from traditionally used herbs with previous laboratory studies.
Aim of the study: In Turkey, use of plants for medical purposes has been a tradition. This study aims to identify wild plants collected for medical purposes by the local people of Malatya Province, located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, and to establish the uses and local names of these plants.
Materials and methods: A field study had been carried out for a period of approximately 2 years (2010–2011). A questionnaire was administered to the local people, through face-to-face interviews. During this period, 330 vascular plant specimens were collected. Demographic characteristics of participants, names of the local plants, their utilized parts and preparation methods were investigated and recorded. The plant species were collected within the scope of the study; herbarium materials were prepared; and the specimens were entitled. In addition, the relative importance value of the species was determined and informant consensus factor (FIC) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study.
Results: In the area of research, 132 individuals who had knowledge about plants were interviewed. Mean age of the respondents was 44 years (in 35–73 years range). 108 plants were found to be used for medical purposes before in the literature analysis of the plants used in our study, while 15 plants were found to have no literature records. The most common families are: Asteraceae (21 plants), Lamiaceae (14 plants), Rosaceae (12 plants). Local people were recorded to use the aerial parts, branches, flowers, fruits, latex, leaves, matured fruits, peduncle, resin, rhizomes, root bark, roots, seeds and style of the plants. Besides, it was observed that they dried and stored plants in unfavorable seasons in order to use them later. The medicinal uses of Heracleum antasiaticum Manden., Pimpinella olivieroides Boiss. & Hausskn., Scandix iberica Bieb., Taraxacum hybernum Stev., Tripleurospermum transcaucasicum (Manden.) Pobed., Cerastium chlorifolium Fisch. & Mey., Andrachne telephioides L., Euphorbia denticulata Lam., Astragalus cephalotes Banks. & Sol. var. brevicalyx Eig., Geranium ibericum Cav., Cyclotrichium nivenum (Boiss.) Manden. & Scheng., Salvia syriaca L., Papaver arenarium Bieb., Dactylis glomerata L., Polygonum arenarium Waldst. & Kit. that we found they were used in our study area were recorded for the first time. No information could be obtained regarding the names of 8 wild plants that are being used in Malatya. In Turkey, local plant names display differences especially due to ethnographic reasons. The plants used in Malatya are known by the same or different local names in various parts of Anatolia. Our research area also includes people with Kurdish and Zaza ethnic origins. The respondents of the questionnaire are Turkish citizens.
Conclusion: These plants are used in the treatment of many diseases. Comparison of the data obtained in this study from derived the plants growing in Malatya with the experimental data obtained in the previous laboratory studies proved ethnobotanical usages to a great extent. Literature review indicated that curative plants that grow in Malatya are used in different parts of the world for the treatment of the same or similar diseases. These plants, used for the treatment of many varying diseases, are abundantly found in this region. Drying enabled local people to use medicinal plants in every seasons of the year. The plant flora of Malatya is threatened by such factors as grazing, expansion of new agricultural lands, and unsustainable picking of plants to generate income. Steps should be taken immediately to ensure the inclusion of relevant flora within conservation designations.
The objective of the present study was to investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity of the extracts and their fractions obtained from either the flowers or the leaves of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum (Asteraceae), by studying inhibition of the growth of a dangerous food pathogen, Escherichia coli O157:H7. The antibacterial effects of the ethanol and water extracts of the flowers and leaves were examined first. Subsequently sub-extracts of the flower ethanol extract (FEE), which was found to be the most effective extract, were examined. As a result, the antibacterial effect of FEE was found to be stronger than that of the chloroform and ethyl acetate sub-extracts. This may due to synergistic activity of several components of the ethanol extract of the flowers.
DNA topoisomerases are essential enzymes that regulate the conformational changes in DNA topology by catalyzing the concerted breakage and rejoining of DNA strands during normal cellular growth. During the past few years, there has been considerable pharmacological interest in these enzymes because the inhibitors of DNA topoisomerases represent a major class of anticancer drugs. In this study, we investigated the effects of the extracts, prepared from a number of Helichrysum. taxa, on mammalian DNA topoisomerase I via in vitro. supercoil relaxation assays using plasmid substrate, pBR322. Cytotoxic alkaloid, camptothecin, an inhibitor of eukaryotic topoisomerase I, was used as reference compound throughout the assays. Quantitative comparisons of the supercoiled and relaxed DNA band intensities on agarose gels suggested that the extracts from H. pallasii. (Sprengel) Ledeb., H. armenium DC subsp.. araxinum. (Kirp.) Takht, and H. plicatum DC subsp.. plicatum. manifested a considerable inhibition on the enzyme in a dose-dependent manner. The inhibition of mammalian DNA topoisomerase I by Helichrysum. extracts is a significant result because they can be potential sources of anticancer drugs.
The antioxidant activity of the methanolic extracts of 4 plants from genus Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) [H. arenarium (L.)Moench subsp. erzincanicum Davis & Kupicha, H. arenarium (L.)Moench subsp. rubicundum (C.Koch.) Davis & Kupicha, H. armenium DC. subsp. araxinum (Kirp.) Takht., and H. plicatum DC. subsp. pseudoplicatum (Nab.) Davis & Kupicha] was investigated with 2 complementary test systems, DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging and phosphomolybdenum assay. H. plicatum subsp. pseudoplicatum showed the highest level of total antioxidant activity (161.79 ± 0.3 mg ascorbic acid equivalent/g extract) in the phosphomolybdenum assay. H. arenarium subsp. erzincanicum showed the highest level of free radical scavenging activity, with an IC 50 value of 23.03 μg/mL. The total phenolic contents of the extracts ranged from 71.81 to 144.50 mg gallic acid/g dry extract. Chlorogenic acid, apigenin-7-glucoside, and apigenin were found by HPLC analysis to be the main components in the extracts. Antimicrobial activity was investigated with the agar diffusion method. The methanolic extracts had antibacterial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus brevis, B. cereus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213. However, no activity was found against Escherichia coli, Morganella morganii, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Proteus mirabilis, Yersinia enterocolitica, or Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Helichrysum Mill., (Asteraceae) species have been used in folk medicine for thousands of years in the world. The In vitro cytotoxic effects in human lymphocytes of 6 Helichrysum taxa used in Turkey folk medicine were investigated. Blood samples were obtained from healthy donors, non-smoking volunteers, which were incubated and exposed to increasing concentrations of methanol extracts of Helichrysum taxa (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1 mg/mL). According to results, other taxa outside H. peshmenianum and H. goulandriorum affected MN rates at high concentrations (0.5 and 1 mg/mL). However mitotic and replication indexes rates of H. pallasii and H. chionophilum did not show a cytotoxic effect.
Traditional drugs used in the east Anatolia including Erzurum, Erzincan, Ağri, Kars, Iğdir, and Ardahan provinces have been
surveyed. In this report, 169 remedies obtained from 87 plant species belonging to 38 families and 10 animal species are listed
with their vernacular names, parts used, methods of preparing drugs, and traditional usages.
Doğu Anadolu bölgesinde Erzurum, Erzincan, Ağri, Kars, Iğdir ve Ardahan illerinin sinirlari arasinda bulunan köylerde kullanilan
halk ilaÇlan incelenmiŞtir. Bu ÇaliŞmada tespit edilen 38 familyaya ait 87 bitki ve 10 hayvan türünden elde edilen 169 halk
ilaci hakkinda Şu bilgiler tablo halinde verilmiŞtir; kullanilan materyalin mahalli isimi, Latince tarn adi, tedavideki kullaniliŞ
amaci, kullanilan kismi ve ilacin hazirlaniŞ Şekli.
Helichrysum Mill. (Asteraceae) species have been used in folk medicine for thousands of years in the world. The in vitro cytogenetic
effects in human lymphocytes of nine Helichrysum taxa used in Turkey folk medicine were investigated. Blood samples were obtained from healthy donors, non-smoking volunteers,
which were incubated and exposed to increasing concentrations of methanol extracts of Helichrysum taxa (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1mg/mL). The inhibitory effects of H. stoechas (L.) Moench subsp. barrelieri (Ten.) Nyman, H. armenium DC. subsp. armenium, H. armenium DC. subsp. araxinum (Kirp.) Takht., H. plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum, H. compactum Boiss. and H. artvinense P.H.Davis & Kupicha on the mitotic index and replication index indicate that these taxa can have genotoxic and mutagenic
effects. They should therefore not be used freely in alternative medicine although their antiproliferative activity may suggest
anticarcinogenic properties. Increase effects of H. stoechas subsp. barrelieri, H. armenium subsp. armenium, H. armenium subsp. araxinum, H. chasmolycicum P.H.Davis, H. plicatum subsp. plicatum, H. compactum and H. artvinense on the micronucleus rates showed that these taxa can have genotoxic and carcinogenic effects.
Traditional medicine in the middle and west Black Sea regions: Amasya, Bilecik, Bolu, Çankin, Samsun, Sinop and Tokat provinces
has been studied and 194 remedies obtained from 96 plant and 5 animal species are compiled. Vernacular names, parts used,
methods of preparation, and medicinal usages are listed.
Orta ve Bati Karadeniz Bölgelerinde Amasya, Bilecik, Bolu, Çankin, Samsun, Sinop ve Tokat illerinde halk tababeti incelenerek,
96 ’si bitkisel ve 5’i hayvansal olmak üzere 194 halk ilaci tespit edilmi§tir. Kullamlan materyalin mahalli ismi, tedavide
kullanilan kisimlari, ilacin hazirlani§ §ekli ve tedavideki kullamli§ amaci He ilgili bilgiler liste halinde verilmi§tir.
Helichrysum plicatum species are used in Turkish folk medicine as lithagogue, diuretic, and nephritic. Research on the methanol (MeOH) extract of flowers of H. plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum resulted in the isolation of eight known compounds (1-8). The chemical structures of the compounds were determined as β-sitosterol (1), apigenin (2), nonacosanoic acid (3), astragalin (4), β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5), helichrysin A (6), helichrysin B (7), and isosalipurposide (8) by spectroscopic and chromatographic/spectrometric methods, including 1D and 2D nuclear magnetic resonance and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Nonacosanoic acid (3) was isolated for the first time from H. plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum. The MeOH extract and isolated compounds were evaluated for their in vitro human carbonic anhydrase I (hCAI) and II (hCAII), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and α-glycosidase inhibitory activities. The IC50 values of H. plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum MeOH extract for hCAI, hCAII, AChE, BChE, and α-glycosidase were found to be 77.87, 52.90, 115.50, 117.46, and 81.53 mg/mL, respectively. The compounds showed IC50 values of 1.43-4.47, 1.40-4.32, 1.69-2.90, 1.09-3.89, and 1.61-3.80 μM against hCAI, hCAII, AChE, BChE, and α-glycosidase, respectively. In summary, H. plicatum DC. subsp. plicatum secondary metabolites demonstrated strong inhibitory effects especially against hCAI and hCAII, whereas the MeOH extract showed a weak inhibitory effect on all enzymes.
Abstract
This paper illustrates the result of an ethnobotanical study carried out in the Bingöl region of Turkey. The aim of this study was to document the medicinal uses of plants in the district of Bingöl province. The ethnobotanical results contain quantitative information on the diversity of medicinal plants documented in the region. This study, conducted between 2010 and 2012, gathered information on the medicinal plant species traditionally used in Bingöl, Turkey and the local names of these plants. In the scope of the study, medicinal plant species and related information was collected; herbarium materials were prepared; and the specimens were labelled. The information was collected through semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and personal observations. Results were analysed using quantitative indices of information consent factor (ICF/FIC), fidelity level (FL) and use value (UV). A total of 93 medical plants belonging to 38 families were identified in the region. Among these, 80 species grew wild and 13 species were cultivated. The most common medicinal plant families were Asteraceae (14), Rosaceae (12), Lamiaceae (10) and Apiaceae (7). The most common preparations were infusion and decoction. A total of 220 medicinal uses (remedies) were recorded. The use of traditional medicine was still widespread among the people in Bingöl. However, due to the increasing health service facilities in the area, herbal medicine seemed to be more related to health care and disease prevention than cure. There is a gradual loss of traditional knowledge regarding the use of medicinal plants in the younger generations.
The majority of Antalya population originates from nomadic culture. Therefore, animal husbandry and agriculture are considerably advanced business for them. People who reside in the areas far from the settlement have commonly used ethnobotanical culture in the treatment of their animal diseases and in the biological control. It was conducted a questionnaire with 163 informants who have maintained this traditional ethnobotanical culture for hundreds of years in Alanya and Gazipasa city centers and their villages, and boroughs between 2012 …
Ethnopharmacological relevance:
This study serves as the first investigation of the knowledge of traditional medicinal plants used in Ağrı Province. The mountainous and strongly fragmented area, diversity of local flora, limited access to modern medicines because of the people's seminomadic lifestyle, and harsh climatic conditions have prompted the locals to benefit from natural resources, principally plants.
Aim of the study:
Although the use of medicinal plant is common in the area, documentation and inventory analysis are not available on the plant taxa used in traditional medicine in Ağrı Province. This study focused on the answer of the following question: What are the most medicinally valuable plant taxa in the province? Therefore, this study aimed to (i) document medicinal plant taxa used in Ağrı Province; (ii) determine the endemic plant species and their risk categories; (iii) determine the most efficient plant taxa for specific ailments to further contribute to drug discovery; (iv) determine the local names, plant part(s) used, preparation, and utilization methods of these local plant medicines to assist with pharmaceutical studies; and (v) reveal the origin(s) of traditional medicinal knowledge of Ağrı Province.
Materials and methods:
Ethnopharmacological field studies were conducted between 2014 and 2016 in 638 locations within Ağrı Province. Plant samples used in folk medicine were determined through face-to-face interviews with 120 local healers. Traditional medicinal plant samples were collected from wild areas with the help of the local healers and transported to Van Pharmaceutical Herbarium (Van, Turkey) for botanical identification. The statistical analyses of data were conducted using the informant consensus factor (ICF) method.
Results:
In this study, 118 medicinal taxa belonging to 35 families of plants were determined to be used in Ağrı Province. Ninety-three different local names were recorded, which mainly described the plant's morphological characteristics. Data analysis (ICF) revealed that the traditional medicinal plants used in Ağrı Province might offer promising information for new pharmaceuticals.
Conclusions:
The local population in the study area has a preserved and comprehensive knowledge of traditional medicine because of its limited access to modern medicine, seminomadic lifestyle, isolated geographical position, traditional taste habits, climatic conditions, diversity of local flora, and mountainous and rugged geography. The medicinal plants presented in this study might provide valuable leads for the identification of bioactive compounds for pharmaceutical use and represent a vast and underutilized resource for the development of newer and more efficient pharmacological treatments.
A comprehensive ethnobotanical study was conducted in Acipayam, situated in the western part of Turkey. This paper includes details of plants used in folk medicine and ethnopharmacological information obtained during this study. The aim of the authors was to collect and identify plants used by local people for therapeutic purposes and to present information about traditional herbal medicine. Plant specimens collected during field-work form the subject of this investigation. Information was obtained by means of open and semi-structured interviews with local people. In addition, cultural importance index (CI) and use report (UR) values were calculated. Ninety-one taxa of plants used in folk medicine and belonging to 38 families were identified in this study. Of these, 82 species were wild, and 9 species were cultivated. The most common families were Lamiaceae (18.7%), Asteraceae (14.3%) and Rosaceae (6.6%). Consequently, 191 medicinal uses (remedies) of 91 taxa were recorded. According to the use reports (UR), the most important medicinal plants were Cydonia oblonga (99 UR), Juniperus oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus (99 UR), Pinus brutia (98 UR), Hypericum perforatum (90 UR), Viscum album subsp. austriacum (82 UR) and Salvia tomentosa (80 UR). Infusion (38.2%) was the most common preparation method used within the research area. The ethnomedicinal capabilities of eight species (Amelanchier parviflora var. dentata, Echinops viscosus subsp. bithynicus, Onopordum sibthorpianum, Origanum hypericifolium, Quercus trojana, Salvia adenophylla, Sideritis montana. subsp. remota and Tamarix smyrnensis) have been recorded for the first time in Turkey.
Ethnopharmacological relevance:
This research contributes momentous ethnopharmaceutical information on medicinal plants used by local people who live in the Bozyazı district of Mersin in Turkey.
Aim of the study:
To arrange a list of herbal treatments from the Bozyazı region with their habitual use, plant parts and application methods besides computing some statistical indices.
Materials and methods:
Plant specimens that have been collected by herbalists or local people from Bozyazı for therapeutic purposes were investigated by visiting the villages during the study period, and then conveyed to the laboratory to diagnose the species. In addition, the relative frequency citation (RFC), use values (UV), informant consensus factor (ICF) and fidelity level (FL) were calculated.
Results:
In this survey conducted between 2013-2015, 159 taxa associated with 55 families, excluding 9 edible mushrooms, were detected as they have been utilized for centuries in terms of the healing by visiting 14 villages and 4 herbalist shops in Bozyazı. Lamiaceae, Asteraceae Orchidaceae, Rosaceae, Fabaceae and Geraniaceae have been determined as the most used families for therapeutic purposes. The study revealed that most of the residents concurred on the use of Sideritis erythrantha herba to cure respiratory diseases that demonstrated the highest fidelity level (89). 63 taxa have not matched with any studies conducted in and around the region.
Conclusion:
Throughout the research carried out Bozyazı district, it has been observed that people living in rural areas have more knowledge and experience about the use and benefits of plants, compared to the people living in the district center. It was detected that the medicinal plants have been used mostly in the therapy of Haemorrhoids. The most information is obtained from the mountain villagers and Yuruk nomads, having average ages of 46.3, during the whole study. In terms of ethnobotanical perspective, the district has stayed valuable due to the winding roads over the mountains and along the coast is very difficult to drive making Bozyazı too far from large cities and mass tourism centers.
Helichrysum species (Asteracea) are widely found in Anatolia. Helichrysum species has
used ethnomedicine for centuries. We report here the total phenolic contents and
antioxidant activities of the methanolic extracts of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp.
plicatum species, together with their HPLC analysis results of individual some phenolic
acids and flavonoids. 17 different phenolic constituents were measured by reverse phasehigh
performance liquid chromatograpy (RP-HPLC) in the three parts of the plant. Total
phenolic compound and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used as antioxidant
capacity determinants. All parts of the plants showed high antioxidant activity containing
large amounts of antioxidant compounds. Chlorogenic acid, quercetin and rutin found in the
three parts of the samples as main phenolic components and absisic, ferulic, epicathecin
and cinnamic acids have minor concentration or haven’t been detected at all. The
methanolic extracts of the plants proved to be a good source of phenolic compounds and
antioxidants agents that might serve to protect health and fight against several diseases.
Helichrysum species (Asteracea) are widely found in Anatolia. Helichrysum species has
used ethnomedicine for centuries. We report here the total phenolic contents and
antioxidant activities of the methanolic extracts of Helichrysum plicatum DC. subsp.
plicatum species, together with their HPLC analysis results of individual some phenolic
acids and flavonoids. 17 different phenolic constituents were measured by reverse phasehigh
performance liquid chromatograpy (RP-HPLC) in the three parts of the plant. Total
phenolic compound and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were used as antioxidant
capacity determinants. All parts of the plants showed high antioxidant activity containing
large amounts of antioxidant compounds. Chlorogenic acid, quercetin and rutin found in the
three parts of the samples as main phenolic components and absisic, ferulic, epicathecin
and cinnamic acids have minor concentration or haven’t been detected at all. The
methanolic extracts of the plants proved to be a good source of phenolic compounds and
antioxidants agents that might serve to protect health and fight against several diseases.
Ethnopharmacological relevance: This study has identified not only the wild plants collected for medical purposes by local people of Solhan District in the Eastern Anatolia Region, but also the uses and local names of these plants. It tried to provide a source for researchers studying in ethnobotany, pharmacology and chemistry by comparing the information obtained from traditionally used herbs with previous laboratory studies.
Aim of the study: This study aims to identify wild plants collected for medical purposes by the local people of Solhan District located in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey and to determine the uses and local names of these plants.
Materials and methods: A field study had been carried out for a period of approximately 2 years (2011–2012). During this period, 214 vascular plant specimens were collected. Demographic characteristics of participants, names of the local plants, their utilized parts and preparation methods were investigated and recorded. The plant species were collected within the scope of the study; herbarium materials were prepared; and the specimens were entitled. In addition, the relative importance value of the species was determined and informant consensus factor (FIC) was calculated for the medicinal plants included in the study. Our research area also includes people with Kurdish and Zaza ethnic origins.
Results: 82 plants were found to be used for medical purposes before in the literature analysis of the plants used in our study, while 9 plants were found to have no literature records. The most common families are: Asteraceae (12 plants), Rosaceae (10 plants), and Lamiaceae (9 plants). The medicinal uses of Anthriscus cerefolium (L.) Hoffm., Arum elongnatum Steven, Astragalus lamarckii Boiss., Chaerophyllum bulbosum L., Crataegus atrosanguinea Pojark., Hordeum bulbosum L., Pastinaca armena Fisch. & Mey., Prunus kurdica Fenzl ex Fritsch, Sium sisarum L. var. lancifolium (M. Bieb.) Thell. that we found were used in our study area and recorded for the first time. No information could be obtained regarding the names of two wild plants that are being used in Solhan. In Turkey, local plant names display differences especially due to local dialects. The plants used in Solhan are known by the same or different local names in various parts of Anatolia.
Conclusion: In the research area, local people were found to use 82 plants from 31 families for curative purposes. The respondents of the questionnaire are Turkish citizens, with various ethnic backgrounds. Mean age of the respondents was 55 years. These plants are used in the treatment of many diseases. Comparison of the data obtained in this study with the experimental data obtained in the previous laboratory studies derived from the plants growing in Solhan proved ethnobotanical usages to a great extent. Literature review indicated that the curative plants that grow in Solhan are used in different parts of the world for the treatment of similar diseases. These plants, used for the treatment of various diseases, are abundantly found in this region. Drying of the medicinal plants enabled the local people to use them in every season of the year.
Hypericum orientale L. (Hypericaceae), Helichrysum plicatum Dc. subsp. plicatum (Asteraceae), Centaurea drabifolia Sm. subsp. drabifolia (Asteraceae), Centaurea drabifolia Sm. subsp. detonsa (Bornm.) Wagenitz (Asteraceae), Achillea wilhelmsii C. Koch (Asteraceae), and Rubus canescens Dc. var. canescens (Rosaceae) are used for the treatment of hemorrhoids, abdominal pains, and wound healing in traditional Turkish medicine. In order to assess these uses, methanol extracts prepared from their aerial parts were investigated for antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive activities. All extracts demonstrated scavenging properties against superoxide anion (O2•–) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in a non-cellular system, and toward 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. They also inhibited Cu2+-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL) peroxidation. Among the tested plants, R. canescens var. canescens, H. orientale, and H. plicatum subsp. plicatum were the most effective on ROS in a non-cellular system. Another goal in this work was to test in vivo anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive activities of some of these plants not previously studied. The methanol extracts of C. drabifolia subsp. drabifolia, H. orientale, and C. drabifolia subsp. detonsa were shown to possess significant inhibitory activity in mice against carrageenan-induced hind paw edema and in p-benzoquinone-induced writhings.