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The effects of photo-sharing motivation on tourist well-being: The moderating role of online social support
Abstract
Based on two dimensions of extrinsic-intrinsic and self-centered-community-related motivation and self-determination theory (SDT), this study proposes four important tourist photo-sharing motivations (enjoyment, altruism, self-expression, and social relationship) and built a theoretical model to reveal the mechanism of tourist photo-sharing motivation influencing tourist subjective well-being (SWB). The results show that extrinsic self-centered motivation (self-expression) positively affects intrinsic self-centered motivation (enjoyment), while extrinsic community-related motivation (social relationship) positively affects intrinsic community-related motivation (altruism). Two intrinsic motivations have significant impacts on tourist SWB. The moderating effects of social support present a complex picture, which can be explained by SDT. Implications were also discussed.
... A restaurant's architectural design considerably impacts customer perceptions of safety, comfort, and convenience, impacting their dining preferences and choices (Horiuchi et al., 2021). For example, restaurants with open floor layouts, large windows, and outdoor dining areas are frequently considered safer due to enhanced ventilation and a sense of psychological distance (Zhang et al., 2022). ...
... During the COVID-19 pandemic, customer compatibility and the restaurant's physical architecture may help reduce social isolation. Social support and healthy social ties have been shown to reduce loneliness, and compatibility is essential for successful partnerships Zhang et al., 2022). Thus, it is plausible to assume that customer compatibility and applying COVID-19 safety criteria within a restaurant, such as social distance policies and outside dining choices , may enhance social connection and relieve social isolation . ...
... For instance, discovered a negative correlation between customer intentions to attend restaurants and their perception of the danger of infection. Zhang et al. (2022) indicated that customer intentions to dine out were inversely associated with their fear of COVID-19. These data imply that such customers' intentions to dine out during COVID-19 are affected by their health-related worries. ...
The primary purpose of this paper is to highlight the relationships between mannequins' usage in restaurants, customers' social isolation, and visit intention to full-service restaurants in the context of contagious diseases. Data were collected from 507 customers of 22 full-service restaurants in Greater Cairo. Data were analyzed in SmartPLS 4.4. The results supported the relationships between social loneliness and relative advantage, compatibility, and social support, along with the linkage between social loneliness and intention to visit the restaurant. Furthermore, the paper explores the moderating role of spatial layout between social loneliness and visit intention in these restaurants. There was no relationship between self-regulatory efficacy and social loneliness. Thus, the paper extends existing knowledge on customers' social reactions to social clues, such as man-nequins and physical restaurant layouts, to facilitate customer adaptation to these innovative solutions in crises.
... Photo sharing enables people to express themselves and plays a vital role in identity and impression management, thus influencing self-presentation and self-promotion strategies (Lo and McKercher, 2015), especially as pictures are more conspicuous than text . While several studies have focused on tourists' motivational factors in knowledge or experience sharing (Zhang et al., 2022) on social media platforms (Lee and Hyun, 2018;Munar and Jacobsen, 2014;Bilgihan et al., 2016), Li (2020) and Daxbö ck et al. (2021) have stressed that photo sharing has become an essential component of tourist behavior. The latter, however, has yet to gain sufficient attention in the context of tourism. ...
... The latter, however, has yet to gain sufficient attention in the context of tourism. Zhang et al. (2022) also point out that few studies have addressed the topic of tourists' photo-sharing motivation and that there are no studies examining the impact on attitudes and behavior. In their study, the authors proposed pleasure, altruism, self-expression and social relationships as motivational reasons for sharing travel photos and analyzed their effects on tourists' subjective well-being. ...
... Understanding consumer behavior is key for tourism providers (Choibamroong, 2006), which is why Zhang et al. (2022) emphasize that destinations need to encourage tourists to share more photos. The latter, however, requires a deeper understanding of the motivations of photo sharing. ...
Purpose
This study aims to understand how traveling Instagrammers should be characterized by bridging socio-psychological concepts with Instagram usage and travel typologies.
Design/methodology/approach
Using analysis of variance, differences between non-Instagrammers and passive and active users were identified with regard to their personality traits and human values; traveling Instagrammers and their travel types were characterized in more detail using k-means clustering, and, finally, posting behavior was examined using multiple regression.
Findings
The results demonstrate significant differences between the user groups in terms of their personality traits, their human values and their travel behavior. The multiple regressions provide deeper insights into tourists’ Instagram posting.
Research limitations/implications
This study was conducted on 1,100 German travelers, meaning that the results are only valid for this cultural context. All data were collected using an online panel and participants received incentives, and thus extrinsic rewards, instead of using merely intrinsic motivation to take part in the survey.
Originality/value
This study contributes to a better understanding of Instagram usage behavior when traveling and adds valuable insights to this field of research. At the same time, the results are relevant for tourism businesses wishing to optimize their communication and marketing strategies.
... Second, we uncover perceived deservingness as a mediating factor in understanding goal conflict management, shedding light on the psychological mechanisms that underlie the relationship between LHSs and preferences in goal management. Finally, our study expands the research on tourist well-being (McCabe & Johnson, 2013;Smith & Diekmann, 2017;Vada et al., 2020;Zhang et al., 2022) by exploring the matching effects of LHSs and goal management methods on tourists' well-being, uncovering additional significant factors influencing tourists' well-being. ...
... Finally, our research advances the understanding of tourist well-being by revealing the matching effects of LHSs and goal management methods. Previous studies have primarily focused on areas such as the impact of memorable tourism experiences (Uysal et al., 2016), the influence of travel-sharing practices (Chen et al., 2021;Zhang et al., 2022), and changes in well-being during travel (Su et al., 2020;Yu et al., 2021). Few studies have ventured into investigating the matching effect of goal management methods and LHSs on tourist wellbeing. ...
... Specifically, the egoistic-altruistic motivation framework, where egoistic (self-oriented) motivation involves pursuing personal benefit and altruistic (other-oriented) motivation reflects concern for others' welfare, has frequently been employed to explore the triggers of pro-tourism behaviors among tourists or residents [11][12][13][14]. Results from these studies remain contradictory and inconclusive [15][16][17][18], which may be attributed to the lack of clarity about the context in which motivation arises [19]. According to Ling and Xu [20], while motivation is an internal psychological need stemming from internal desires and interests, it is also easily influenced by external situations. ...
... On the contrary, Paraskevaidis and Andriotis introduced the altruistic surplus phenomenon into tourism to balance the social exchange theory's excessive emphasis on individual interests [16]. In recent years, several studies have explored other-oriented motives such as place identity [44,45], altruism [19,46], and empathy [33,47], collectively elucidating the behavior of tourists and residents in tourist destinations. Building on this foundation, this study selects three motives under the egoistic-altruistic motivation framework: personal benefits from tourism development, sympathetic understanding, and place identity as the egoistic-oriented, other-oriented, and place-oriented motives, respectively. ...
Identified as an increasingly pivotal aspect, the benevolent extra-role characteristic of community citizenship behavior contributes to destination development efficiency and social cohesion. Based on the egoistic–altruistic motivation framework, this study investigated three motivations that propel residents to exercise community citizenship behaviors in a positive social contact context, namely self-focused, other-focused, and place-focused motivation. A conceptual model combined with positive contact, personal benefit, sympathetic understanding, place identity, and community citizenship behavior was developed and tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) through data from 366 residents in Kaifeng, China. The findings showed that of the three motivations for community citizenship behaviors, place identity contributed the most, and personal benefits failed to predict community citizenship behaviors. Furthermore, sympathetic understanding with tourists was most fostered by residents from the perception of positive contact with tourists. These findings offer a novel theoretical framework for scholarly investigation and provide practical insights for tourism managers regarding strategies to influence residents’ community citizenship behavior.
... Furthermore, there have been studies that specifically examine the variables that affect individuals' food choices when considering food photos as a source of information (Li et al., 2022). According to (Zhang et al., 2022), users are driven to post food images on Instagram by a combination of intrinsic motives, such as satisfaction and dedication to the community, as well as extrinsic goals like self-development and reputation acquisition. ...
... 's model is a complete framework that facilitates the analysis and categorization of workers' value and aims. For example,Zhang et al. (2022) claim that the motives behind tourist photo-sharing, namely enjoyment, altruism, self-expression, and social interaction, have an influence on the subjective well-being of tourists. Results show that extrinsic self-centered motivation positively affects intrinsic motivation (enjoyment), while extrinsic communityrelated motivation positively affects intrinsic motivation (altruism). ...
This study examines the complex interplay between human existence and food consumption, drawing upon Maslow's hierarchy of needs as a theoretical framework. It aims to elucidate the reasons behind individuals' inclination to share food photos rather than solely deriving personal benefits from them, utilizing Broadhurst's (2021) model. Satter (2007) applies Maslow's theoretical framework, emphasizing the prioritization of physiological requirements over higher order wants in food management principles. Lenthe et al. (2015) reveals a positive correlation between individuals' satisfaction with higher-level demands and their tendency to make healthier eating choices. However, Banwart (1989) underscores the fundamental importance of food in supplying energy, fostering development, and enabling social connections. Magdoff (2012) highlights the paradox of abundant global food resources coexisting with widespread malnutrition, attributing it to the commodification of food. In the context of contemporary technological advancements, Gelder's (2023) research explores the evolving role of food in society. Focusing on Generation Z across twelve developed countries, the study identifies a propensity to share and derive pleasure from food-related content on social media. The visual representation of food on these platforms serves as inspiration, encouraging experimentation with snacks and exploring sensory aspects of food. The study also addresses the impact of technology on identity representation in virtual environments. Atwal et al. (2019) note a significant rise in consumer-generated visual content, particularly showcasing nonordinary and culturally distinctive cuisine designs. The conceptual framework proposed by Broadhurst (2021) on employees' values and goals in the workplace is employed to investigate motivations behind sharing food photographs in virtual environments. As workplaces and social media share similarities in interpersonal dynamics, this study contributes to understanding motivations in both contexts. The research aims to fill gaps in the existing body of knowledge on food sharing behavior, shedding light on a somewhat neglected area in the broader domain of research.
... Understanding motivation, as 'internal and external forces' that drive people to act in a certain way is important to justify, predict, and shape the behaviour of sharing economy participants (Zhang, Yang, & Bai, 2022), particularly because their motivation is a crucial factor in the success of such platforms (Acquier, Daudigeos, & Pinkse, 2017). Thus far, most studies have investigated the motivations of service users to participate in the sharing economy. ...
The article / book chapter entitled "The Impact of the Sharing Economy on Tourism Microentrepreneurship" by Esfandiar et al. (2024) explores how digital disruptions and the rise of Web 2.0 have facilitated the growth of the sharing economy, significantly impacting tourism. It highlights that sharing economy platforms like Airbnb enable individuals to become microentrepreneurs, offering unique and authentic tourism experiences. These platforms lower entry barriers, foster gender-neutral labor markets, and enhance local innovation capacity. However, they also pose challenges, including privacy issues, property risks, and lack of employment protection. The chapter concludes by identifying research gaps and calling for further investigation into the dynamics of tourism microentrepreneurship within the sharing economy contex
... Findings of previous studies indicated that tourists who share their experiences in collaborative environments feel proud of doing so (Chung et al., 2017). Hence, sharing tourism experiences on social media acts as a mechanism to reinforce conceptions of the self Zhang et al., 2022). Therefore, the study formulates the following hypothesis: H3: Self-actualization motivates travellers to share their travel experiences in online travel communities. ...
... People share photos of their travels on social media, thus promoting their lifestyle. By posting these photos, they expect to receive feedback from their online friends and followers, such as likes and comments, which are crucial to their psychological well-being (Zhang et al., 2022). ...
This paper examines social media's role and contribution in shaping motivations for choosing a tourist destination using theories from sociology. The literature review investigates how tourists' motivation is formed, using symbolic interaction and motivational theories adapted to the tourism context. The results reveal the role of social media in modern tourists' decision-making in choosing a destination. Finally, conclusions suggest practical proposals for tourism enterprises and future research recommendations.
... Some studies focus on sharing motivation in specific scenarios. Zhang proposes four important tourist photosharing motivations (enjoyment, altruism, self-expression, and social relationship) based on the two dimensions of extrinsic-intrinsic and self-centred-communityrelated motivation (Zhang et al., 2022). Interestingly, another study showed that recognition and status-seeking were more important motivations for sharing travel photos for Chinese tourists than for Western users (Li, 2020). ...
Purpose/significance
Studying the correlation between short video users’ personality traits and their sharing motivation can enrich the theoretical research on social sharing motivation and provide a reference for short-video content management and platform construction.
Methods/process
Based on uses and gratifications theory and personality traits theory, a structural model affecting short-video users’ sharing motivations was proposed. A total of 579 valid questionnaires were collected from a social network, and the proposed hypotheses were tested using SPSS and Amos software.
Results/conclusion
The results show that the personality traits of short-video users affect their sharing motivation and that their specific sharing motivation also differ due to their personality traits. At the same time, the research results also confirm the Matthew effect of “the rich getting richer” and the social compensation effect of “the poor getting richer” in the context of social platforms that host short videos.
... Prior work postulates that sharing tourism experiences on social media facilitates positive outcomes, such as enhanced subjective well-being and greater life satisfaction (Su et al., 2021). Conceptually related studies conclude that sharing tourism experiences on social media acts as a mechanism to reinforce conceptions of the self (Cao et al., 2022;Zhang et al., 2022). Critically, studies have identified that sharing tourism experiences on social media is a key determinant of favourable evaluations of a posttrip tourism experience (Chen et al., , 2022Kim & Fesenmaier, 2017;. ...
Sharing tourism experiences on social media is a topical area in contemporary tourism research. However, existing studies tend to exclusively emphasise positive outcomes. This conceptual piece seeks to stimulate constructive discourse designed to reverse this misconception. Through the lens of Elaboration Likelihood Model and Impression Management Theory, we postulate the negative evaluation of tourism experiences may occur when intention to share interferes with the psychological engagement with an experience. Compounding this, negative evaluation can also potentially arise when sharing motivations are self-centred due to self-presentation concerns. This research proposes two theoretically informed caveats clarifying the underlying psychological mechanism which underpins how the negative evaluation is triggered. A conceptual model, termed TMSP model of sharing driven outcomes, is offered as a contribution designed to stimulate future empirical work on sharing tourism experiences on social media. To mitigate against the negative sharing driven outcomes, this research suggests theoretically and managerially relevant guidelines to produce desired outcomes and memorable experiences.
Purpose
Culture is considered a critical aspect of social media usage. The purpose of this paper is to explore how cultures and languages influence multilingual users' cross-cultural information sharing patterns.
Design/methodology/approach
This study used a crowdsourcing survey with Amazon Mechanical Turk to collect qualitative and quantitative data from 355 multilingual users who utilize two or more languages daily. A mixed-method approach combined statistical, and cluster analysis with thematic analysis was employed to analyze information sharing patterns among multilingual users in the Chinese cultural context.
Findings
It was found that most multilingual users surveyed preferred to share in their first and second language mainly because that is what others around them speak or use. Multilingual users have more diverse sharing characteristics and are more actively engaged in social media. The results also provide insights into what incentives make multilingual users engage in social media to share information related to Chinese culture with the MOA model. Finally, the ten motivation factors include learning, entertainment, empathy, personal gain, social engagement, altruism, self-expression, information, trust and sharing culture. One opportunity factor is identified, which is convenience. Three ability factors are recognized consist of self-efficacy, habit and personality.
Originality/value
The findings are conducive to promoting the active participation of multilingual users in online communities, increasing global resource sharing and information flow and promoting the consumption of digital cultural content.
Drawing data from online tourist discussion forums by using a netnographic approach, the aim of the study was to explore the ways that travel photo-sharing behaviours influence the evolution and development of Chinese travellers' self-concepts. Chinese tourists' narratives related to posting travel photos on social network sites (SNS) were analysed, based on the theories of self-concept and self-presentation. Five categories of self-conceptions relating to Chinese travellers’ photo-sharing behaviours on social network platforms were identified, including, public self, possible self, hidden self, unknown self, and filial self. The practical implications of this paper are also discussed.
Academic motivation is recognised as a key factor for academic success and wellbeing. Highly motivated students actively engage with academic activities and maintain higher levels of wellbeing. Despite the importance of motivation in education, its relationship with engagement and wellbeing remains to be evaluated. Accordingly, this study explored the relationships between motivation, engagement, self-criticism and self-compassion among UK education postgraduate students. Of 120 postgraduate students approached, 109 completed three self-report scales regarding those constructs. Correlation, regression and moderation analyses were performed. Intrinsic and extrinsic motivation were positively associated with engagement, whereas amotivation was
While user-generated content has been studied extensively in the hospitality and tourism domain, the value of user-generated photos is not well understood due to theoretical and methodological barriers. The purpose of this study is to explore the role of user-generated photos in online hotel reviews in terms of how they are generated and how they contribute to online reviews. The research questions are examined using descriptive analysis and regression analysis based upon approximately 538,000 online hotel reviews collected from TripAdvisor. Findings show that people tend to post photos for hotels with a higher level of service or luxury or when they had a positive experience staying at hotels. User-generated photos are informative of online hotel review helpfulness and the interactions between these photos and other review information cues, such as review sentiment and review topics. Limitations and directions for future research are also discussed.
As the 4G and 5G Internet technologies become more common and developed, an environment for uploading and watching videos is created and spread, in addition to simply uploading posts. Watching and sharing daily life among media contents called Vlog, are very common more than ever. This means that individual users could access Vlog easily and the situation could be new trend. Additionally, academic research about Volg is increasing. We analyzed three independent variables affecting a perceived enjoyment we set up the dependent variable. Information search, self-expression, and social need are set as independent variables and social interaction is set as the control variable. Information search and self-expression are significant effect to perceived enjoyment except social need. In particular, social interaction as a control variable has effect to all relationships.
The purpose of this study was to explore the antecedents and consequences of travelers' well-being perceptions in the context of a duty-free shop. For this, data were collected from 742 Chinese tourists who purchased goods at duty free shops while traveling in Korea within the past year using an online survey company's system in China. The results indicated that pragmatic, hedonic, and sociability experiences have a positive influence on travelers' well-being perceptions. In addition, travelers' well-being perceptions aided the enhancement of brand attitude and brand preference, which in turn positively affected word-of-mouth. Novelty is the originality of this study as very few studies on this topic are presented in the extant literature and practical implications are also discussed.
In this paper, we analyze the effect of the time spent on reading for leisure (when the motivation is intrinsic) on the time devoted to reading for job-related or educational purposes (when the motivation is extrinsic). To do so, we use the Cultural Habits and Practices Survey conducted by the Ministry of Education and Culture of Spain in 2014–2015. As the main determinants of the time spent on intrinsic reading, we consider the time devoted to extrinsic reading, sociodemographic characteristics, labor situation, participation in other leisure activities and an index of cultural capital at home. We estimate a Heckman model that allows us to control for self-selection. Results show that the time devoted to intrinsic reading mainly depends on the time spent on reading with extrinsic motivation, human capital and cultural background. Reading with extrinsic motivation increases the likelihood of intrinsic reading but reduces the time allocated to it. Therefore, our results suggest a substitution pattern between time spent reading for leisure and reading with extrinsic motivation.
The study aims to determine the role of psychological capital and perceived gender equity on employee well-being, particularly women, and assess if commitment mediates and social support moderates the relationships between psychological capital, perceived gender equity, and well-being. A personal survey method was employed for data collection using standardized measures from a representative sample of 433 managers (201 women and 233 men) from private sector companies in India. The findings revealed that perceived gender equity in the workplace positively impacts employee well-being for both men and women, with the greater impact being on women’s well-being. To Facilitate employee well-being, organizations can leverage the strengths of psychological capital through training interventions and can promote perceived gender equity through appropriate policies and practices. This bridges the knowledge gap in developing and utilizing psychological capital to enhance employee well-being, especially for women, who are under pressure due to their demanding multiple roles at work and home.
Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation on knowledge sharing and the moderating effects of individual demographics, organizational context and cultural context in that relationship.
Design/methodology/approach – This study conducted a meta-analysis of 44 studies involving 14,023 participants to examine the direct and moderating effects of motivation on knowledge sharing.
Findings – Results revealed that both extrinsic and intrinsic motivational factors were associated with higherlevels of knowledge sharing, while the effect was stronger for intrinsic motivation. Moreover, results revealed that substantial variance was explained by moderating variables. Further investigation revealed that individual characteristics (age, gender), organizational context (organizational setting vs. open system, IT infrastructure) and cultural context (collectivism, uncertainty avoidance, performance orientation, powerdistance) moderated the motivation and knowledge sharing relationship.
Research limitations/implications – As a meta-analysis, this study is confined to variables that have been frequently analyzed in prior research. Future research could further increase our understanding of different types of knowledge sharing and various boundary conditions.
Practical implications – Organizations should provide customized incentive systems to specific target groups to align motivation and knowledge sharing. Multinational organizations may consider different motivation schemes across countries to better suit cultural differences.
Originality/value – Despite a growing number of studies highlighting the important role of motivation in predicting knowledge sharing, the evidenceis mixed. Based on ameta-analysis, this study identified true relationships and identified moderating effects that help explain prior mixed results.
Following the Reasonable Person Model, this study examines the effects of destination fascination on subjective well-being and destination attachment as well as looking at the subsequent outcome of destination loyalty. A total of 936 responses were collected from tourists to national parks (302), forest recreational areas (300), and theme parks (334). The results of this study prove the effect of destination fascination on improving subjective well-being and destination attachment and shows the effects of subjective well-being and destination attachment on enhancing destination loyalty. Subjective well-being and destination attachment fully mediated effects from destination fascination to destination loyalty. Moreover, extensive validity of the proposed model was verified by engaging different destination types. The findings of this study enrich the base of knowledge about destination fascination in the tourism academy and contributes practical implications for destination management and marketing.
Background:
Because computers are used in many aspects of today's life, it seems necessary to include them in teaching and assessment processes.
Method:
The aims of this cross-sectional study were to construct a multidimensional valid scale, to identify the factors that influenced the nature of student motivation on Computer Based Testing (CBT), to recognize how students self-regulated their activities around CBT, and to describe the efficiency of autonomous versus controlled situations on motivation. The study was carried out among 246 Iranian Paramedical Students of Tabriz Medical Sciences University, Tabriz, Iran; 2013-2014. The researchers prepared a questionnaire, based on the Self-Determination Theory (SDT), containing 26 items with a five-point Likert scale. It was prepared according to a previous valid questionnaire and by sharing opinions with some students and five professors. The factor analysis was done to perform instructional and exploratory factor analysis.
Results:
The Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin(KMO) measure was performed and variables were correlated highly enough to provide a reasonable basis for factor analysis. The selected 4 factors determined a 60.28% of the variance; autonomy 26.37%, stimulation 14.11%, relatedness10.71%, and competency 9.10%.
Conclusion:
A questionnaire was prepared and validated, based on SDT variables. The results indicated that autonomous extrinsic motivation correlated positively with intrinsic motivation and CBT. There was a general positive attitude towards computer-based testing among students. As students became intrinsically motivated through the promotion of autonomous regulation, CBT was recommended as a proper test mode.
The purpose of this research is to propose an index approach to study the impact of travel experience on tourists' satisfaction and the further impact on their sense of well-being. Based on the latest development of tourist satisfaction research, that is, the tourist satisfaction indices, this innovative study further extends the two-stage framework of tourist travel experiences to account for subjective well-being and subsequently calculates a tourist well-being index. A questionnaire with 496 respondents was used, which focused on four service sectors' tourist satisfaction indices. From this, a destination overall tourist satisfaction index and a tourist well-being index were produced using the results of structural equation modelling. Some key findings include the higher the impact of the trip on tourist's sense of well-being the higher the loyalty towards the destination. Different cultures had different results concerning the trip experiences (satisfaction) and the impact of the latter on their subjective well-being. Group travellers also had a significantly more positive experience compared with solo travellers. A new innovative indices system capturing tourist satisfaction and its causes and outcomes, in particular its impact on tourist's subjective well-being, was developed. This research therefore extends work done on the impact of tourist experience and quality of life/subjective well-being.
Growing evidence suggests that travel may serve as an effective intervention of subjective well-being (SWB). This study develops and empirically tests a psychological model that describes the links of travel experience and SWB. This study also compared the short- and long-term effects of the tourist experience on SWB. Our results identified 3 dimensions of cruise experience, namely, emotional experience, relational experience, and thinking experience. In the short term, happiness from cruise travel is created mainly through emotional and relational experiences. The long-term effect of cruising travel is largely derived from thinking experience. Theoretical and management implications were discussed.
In this introductory article we first describe the impetus for this special issue. What made us think that Self-Determination Theory (SDT) might provide a sort of foundation for the rest of personality psychology? For readers unfamiliar with SDT, we then provide a historical overview which covers the evolution of the six “mini-theories” that currently comprise SDT: cognitive evaluation theory, causality orientations theory, organismic integration theory, basic psychological needs theory, goal contents theory, and relational motivation theory. Following each section are preliminary suggestions about how each mini-theory might be useful or informative in other branches of personality. This special issue contains 9 articles, each of which makes its own attempt to newly link its area of personality research to SDT. Even if SDT is not the appropriate seed for greater consilience in personality psychology, we urge the field not to neglect the search for unifying principles (Sheldon, Chen, & Hilpert, 2011); it may finally be time to renew the search for a “grand theory” in personality. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Existing work on the effects of social network sites (SNS) on well-being has often stressed that SNS can help people gain social support from their online networks, which positively affects their well-being. However, the majority of studies in this area have been cross-sectional in nature and/or relied on student samples. Using data from six waves of a longitudinal study with a representative sample of Dutch Internet users, we first examined whether users and nonusers of SNS differ in online social support and well-being (as indicated by life satisfaction and stress). In a second step, we investigated in more detail how SNS use – more specifically, asking for advice and the number of strong ties on these SNS – are related to online social support, stress, and satisfaction with life. Overall, our results provide no evidence for SNS use and online social support affecting either stress or life satisfaction. SNS users reported more online social support than nonusers did, but also higher levels of stress; the two groups did not differ in overall life satisfaction. With regard to the underlying processes, we found positive cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between asking for advice on SNS and online social support, indicating that SNS can be an effective tool for receiving social support. However, online social support was not related to higher life satisfaction or reduced stress 6 months later; instead, it seems that SNS users with lower life satisfaction and/or higher stress seek more social support online by asking for advice on SNS.
Self-determination theory proposes that human beings have universal basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, which when satisfied lead to well-being. The current meta-analysis synthesized the correlations between the need for autonomy and subjective well-being. More specifically, because some researchers have questioned the role of autonomy in well-being in non-Western cultures, our meta-analysis focused on the results reported from studies conducted in the United States (US, a typical individualist culture) and East Asian countries (typical collectivist cultures). Random-effects analyses using 36 independent samples (22 from the US and 14 from East Asian samples including China and Japan) totaling 12,906 participants showed a moderate correlation (r = .46, p < .001) between autonomy and subjective well-being. The difference between correlations for studies conducted in the East and West was not significant (Δr = .05, p > .05). Overall, this study lends support to self-determination theory’s proposition that autonomy is a universal psychological need and provides suggestions for cultural practices and policies.
The article presents a narrative review of scholarship on social support through social networking sites (SNSs) published from 2004 to 2015. By searching keywords related to social support and SNSs in major databases for social sciences, we identified and content analyzed directly relevant articles (N = 88). The article summarizes the prevalence of theory usage; the function of theory usage (e.g., testing a theory, developing a theory); major theories referenced; and methodologies, including research designs, measurement, and the roles of social support and SNS examined in this literature. It also reports four themes identified across the studies, indicating the trends in the current research. Based on the review, the article presents a discussion about study sites, conceptualization of social support, theoretical coherence, the role of social networks, and the dynamic relationships between SNS use and social support, which points out potential avenues for shaping a future research agenda.
This study investigates the impact of place perception on tourist well-being to provide an understanding of how destination attributes influence tourists’ response behaviors. Data were collected in a self-administered survey from 631 respondents in three Austrian tourism destinations. Factor analysis and structural equation modeling (Mplus 7.0) were employed to test the hypothesized relationships. Results provide empirical evidence that tourists perceive destination settings holistically and will report higher levels of psychological well-being if a destination provides an adequate combination of sensemaking (i.e. access and amenities) and exploratory attributes (i.e. attractions and activities, entertainment options, and local community). Findings also show that tourists’ well-being has a significant, positive impact on their intention to return and their desire to engage in positive word of mouth about the destination. Most importantly, an indirect-only mediation of well-being on the relationship between both sense-making and exploratory attributes and behavioral outcomes was found. An integrated view of the results can provide important considerations for tourism research and fruitful suggestions for destination management organizations.
The purpose of this study is to understand hiking-tourist behavior by exploring tourist motivation, personal values, subjective well-being, and revisit intention. The study demonstrates the theoretical and empirical evidence of the relationships among the four constructs. Using a sample drawn from tourists in South Korea, an exploratory factor analysis (EFA) is carried out. As a result, “enjoying the natural environment and escaping from daily life”, “pursuing new type of travel”, “pursuing healthy life”, and “pursuing intimacy” are classified as motivations for hiking tourists. Moreover, in order to investigate the relevant relationships among the four constructs, a structural equation modeling (SEM) approach is used. The results indicate that revisit intention is affected by tourist motivation and subjective well-being. Furthermore, hiking-tourists’ motivation and personal values are effective predictors of subjective well-being.
The success or failure of social media is highly dependent on the active participation of its users. In order to examine the influential factors that inspire dynamic and eager participation, this study investigates what motivates social media users to share their personal experiences, information, and social support with anonymous others. A variety of information-sharing activities in social media, including creating postings, photos, and videos in 5 different types of social media: Facebook, Twitter, Delicious, YouTube, and Flickr, were observed. Ten factors: enjoyment, self-efficacy, learning, personal gain, altruism, empathy, social engagement, community interest, reciprocity, and reputation, were tested to identify the motivations of social media users based on reviews of major motivation theories and models. Findings from this study indicate that all of the 10 motivations are influential in encouraging users' information sharing to some degree and strongly correlate with one another. At the same time, motivations differ across the 5 types of social media, given that they deliver different information content and serve different purposes. Understanding such differences in motivations could benefit social media developers and those organizations or institutes that would like to use social media to facilitate communication among their community members; appropriate types of social media could be chosen that would fit their own purposes and they could develop strategies that would encourage their members to contribute to their communities through social media.
The growth of consumer-generated media (CGM) has promoted the popularity of online knowledge sharing and electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM). While the topic of eWOM has drawn much attention in academy and industry, little research has been published addressing the factors influencing eWOM intentions. Using a well-known restaurant review website, Openrice.com, as an example, this study explored three predictors to eWOM intentions in an integrative framework: experience factor (restaurant satisfaction), knowledge sharing factors (egoistic and altruistic needs), and technology acceptance factors (perceived usefulness and perceived ease-of-use). In addition, the moderating role of technology acceptance factors on the relationships between experience/knowledge sharing factors and eWOM intentions were examined. The results of the study indicate that (1) individuals? altruistic needs trigger positive eWOM, (2) the perceived usefulness of the website has a significant main effect on eWOM intentions, and (3) the perceived usefulness significantly moderates the relationships between satisfaction/egoistic needs and eWOM intentions. The discussions also provide implications and managerial insights for research and practice.
The senior travel market continues to grow in size and market influence. Yet few studies have assessed the factors that influence individual choices, or travel experiences and outcomes as a whole. This study empirically examined the links between senior tourists’ self-determined motivations, tour preferences, memorable experiences, and life satisfaction as a result of travel. A hierarchical model was tested using data collected from Australian tourists aged 50 years and older who had participated in educational packaged tours. Study results revealed that many individuals derived a range of psychological benefits that remained with the traveller long after the actual trip had been completed. Memorable experiences and perceived benefits were found to meditate the relationships between motivations or tour preferences and the life satisfaction of the senior tourists. The study contributes to the tourism and hospitality field by extending our current knowledge of senior tourist experiences, and how these serve to enhance the eudaimonic dimension of their subjective well-being. The theoretical and practical implications of such are outlined, as are suggestions for future research.
This meta-analysis aims to shed light on the added value of the complex multidimensional view on motivation of Self-determination theory (SDT). We assess the unique and incremental validity of each of SDT’s types of motivation in predicting organizational behavior, and examine SDT’s core proposition that increasing self-determined types of motivation should have increasingly positive outcomes. Meta-analytic findings (124 samples) support SDT, but also adds precision to its predictions: Intrinsic motivation is the most important type of motivation for employee well-being, attitudes and behavior, yet identified regulation is more powerful in predicting performance and organizational citizenship behavior. Furthermore, introjection has both positive and negative consequences, while external regulation has limited associations with employee behavior and has well-being costs. Amotivation only has negative consequences. We address conceptual and methodological implications arising from this research and exemplify how these results may inform and clarify lingering issues in the literature on employee motivation.
Tourist destinations are increasingly affected by travel-related information shared through social media. Drawing on dual-process theories on how individuals process information, this study examines the role of central and peripheral information processing routes in the formation of consumers' perceptions of the helpfulness of online reviews of mature destinations. We carried out a two-step process to address the perceived helpfulness of user-generated content, a sentiment analysis using advanced machine-learning techniques (deep learning), and a regression analysis. The database was 2023 comments posted on TripAdvisor about two iconic Venetian cultural attractions, St. Mark's Square (an open, free attraction) and the Doge's Palace (which charges an entry fee). Using deep-learning techniques, with logistic regression, we first identified which factors influenced whether a review received a “helpful” vote. Second, we selected those reviews which received at least one helpful vote to identify, through linear regression, the significant determinants of TripAdvisor users' voting behaviour. The results showed that reviewer expertise is influential in both free and paid-for attractions, although the impact of central cues (sentiment polarity, subjectivity, pictorial content) differs for both attractions. Our study suggests that managers should look beyond individual ratings and focus on the sentiment analysis of online reviews, which are shown to be based on the nature of the attraction (free vs. paid-for).
This research investigates and compares the photo-taking and online photo-sharing behaviors of mainland Chinese and Western theme park visitors using decade length generations. Given the rapid growth in digital photography and growing popularity of online sharing of photos, an enhanced understanding of the photo-taking and photo-sharing behaviors of visitors based on generation membership will assist theme park managers develop new social media marketing strategies. Most previous research has employed Western definitions of generations such as baby boomer, generation X, and generation Y. These definitions do not always apply in non-Western settings indicating the need for an alternative approach. This study uses a decade length definition of generations: the post-70s, post-80s, and post-90s. Results of the survey found that photo taking and online photo sharing are very popular but do vary between generations and cultures. For example, mobile phones were found to be the most popular photographic equipment for mainland Chinese and the least popular for post-90s Western respondents. All generations rated family/friend, landscape, and selfies as the top three areas of photo content. Selfies were twice as popular with mainland Chinese post-90s as their Western counterparts in the same generation. The findings highlight the usefulness of decade length generations and of identifying photo-taking and photo-sharing activities based on cultural groupings. The findings also indicated opportunities for co-creation at least in the area of photo taking in a theme park setting.
Business cannot escape the impact of climate change that is deteriorating day by day. Many organizations are becoming motivated more than ever to introduce new business models, modern technologies, and supportive policies with an effort to cope with critical issues connected to climate change. The present study has investigated the mediating effect of psychological safety on the relationship between sustainable leadership and sustainable performance as well as evaluating the moderation impact of psychological empowerment on that relationship. To date, the present research is the first attempt wherein the incorporation of psychological empowerment and psychological safety has redefined the association between sustainable leadership and sustainable performance. Using cluster sampling approach, the data for this research was collected from 405 SMEs from Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia), Jakarta (Indonesia), and Bandar Seri Begawan (Brunei Darussalam). Using structural equation modelling (variance-based), this study has analyzed proposed hypothesis. Hierarchical regression analysis (PROCESS Macro) in SPSS was employed to analyze the moderated-mediation impact of psychological empowerment. The empirical results confirm that sustainable leadership has a substantial impact on psychological safety. This study confirms that sustainable leadership has positive indirect effect on sustainable performance through psychological safety which amplifies in the presence of psychological empowerment. Establishment of a psychologically safe environment that encourages knowledge sharing and openness to speaking will improve sustainable performance in the presence of sustainable leadership. Therefore, the development of practices that promote psychological empowerment among employees is essential. This study broadens our understanding of sustainable performance toward sustainable leaders, its underlying mechanism and conditional effect, making contribution to the psychology of honeybee leadership.
This paper examines the current state of research on well-being from tourism from the lens of positive psychology. A systematic review of 82 peer-reviewed articles published in English-language tourism journals indicate that tourist well-being is predominantly examined as a consequence of travel, rather than linked to tourism marketing and management. This study presents a conceptual framework of the antecedents, episodes and consequences of tourist well-being. Practically, results suggest strategies on how well-being can be used to generate better outcomes for tourism marketers and managers. By mapping what is known in the intersection between positive psychology and tourist well-being, this study identifies existing gaps and opportunities for future research in this area.
Positive psychology provides an approach to understand different aspects of tourist's well-being. This study investigated the wellbeing associated with snow-sport tourism among women. As part of a larger mixed-methods study, the utility of the PERMA framework (positive emotion, engagement, relationships, meaning, and accomplishment) as a tool for measuring well-being in the context of active sport tourism was assessed. Subsequently, PERMA was applied to investigate the well-being of female snow-sport participants in relation to their sport-related travel. Principle Component Analysis revealed only one dimension for well-being instead of the previously suggested five PERMA domains. One-way ANCOVA indicated that women who travelled to participate in snow-sports had a higher sense of well-being than those who participated locally. Hierarchical Multiple Regression showed a positive relationship between shorter frequent trips and higher well-being. Recommendations for encouraging participation in snow-sport tourism, focusing on well-being are made.
The present study considers a sample of 339 French travellers to empirically examine the way co-creation affects consumer well-being. The findings obtained from a structural equation model confirm that the extent to which the offer is co-created with tourists has a positive impact on the latter’s well-being, and that this impact is broadly mediated by empowerment. The findings also show that consumer well-being has a positive impact on loyalty, acting as a partial mediator in the link between empowerment and loyalty. Finally, consumer satisfaction with the co-creation performance appears to strengthen their empowerment, well-being and loyalty.
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to examine the differential association of three different workplace conflicts on employee-related outcomes, such as loneliness and well-being. Further, the study pursues to explore the perceived social support at the workplace as a conditional factor in the relation between different conflict types and employee loneliness.
Design/methodology/approach
The data were collected using a self-administered survey from 554 IT employees. Structural equation modelling (SEM) was used to test the study postulations.
Findings
The findings indicated that all three types of conflicts differently associate on both loneliness and well-being. Besides, it found that loneliness works as a mediator between conflict types and employee well-being. Further, perceived social support at the workplace moderates the relationship between different types of conflict, such as relationship, process, task conflicts and employee loneliness at work.
Practical implications
The study provides helpful directions to HR managers by providing a clear empirical understanding of the types of conflicts and its association on employee-related outcomes. Further, the study highlights the need for developing social support in an organisation during conflict episodes, to manage the adverse association of these conflicts on employee well-being and to restore employee well-being.
Originality/value
To the best of the authors’ knowledge, for the first time, a study has been conducted highlighting the differential association of workplace conflict and employee outcome and indicating its intervening mechanisms and conflict management conditions.
Marketing for sustainable tourism primarily attracts customers with a biospheric–altruistic value orientation. To reach a broader consumer group and also persuade people with a self-enhancement orientation to book sustainable hotels, the effectiveness of three different communication styles (emotionality levels, amount of sustainability information and inclusion of a label) is investigated, considering the consumer’s value orientation. An experiment with 337 participants was conducted to analyze the effects of communication on consumer perceptions of well-being and credibility. Multigroup structural equation modeling was used to compare the impacts of communication style on participant’s attitude toward booking a sustainable hotel, mediated by well-being and credibility. The results highlight significantly different communication effects among the two contrasting target groups. Consumers who are highly interested in sustainability (biospheric–altruistic value orientation) are persuaded by messages that include details about the hotel’s sustainability performance, in order to increase the social–environmental well-being, whereas for customers who are less interested in sustainability (self-enhancement value orientation), a self-referential emotionally communication is essential, as it increases the emotional well-being. Inconsistent findings regarding the role of communication in raising the perception of credibility were obtained.
Research question: This study examines the impact of traveling for different sport participation purposes on subjective well-being. It extends previous research by distinguishing between different participation purposes and investigating travel distances for each purpose.
Research methods: Survey data on the travel behavior of sport participants in 21 sports in Germany were collected (n = 7060). Participation frequency and the number of kilometers traveled for different purposes, including training sessions, competitions or tournaments, league games, day trips, and sport vacations or training camps, were assessed for a one-year period. The empirical analysis takes endogeneity into account by using a set of instrumental variables for the five participation frequency and travel distance variables.
Results and findings: Ordinary least squares regression results show a significant negative relationship between traveling to training sessions and subjective well-being, while the association of sport vacations/training camps is positive and significant. The instrumental variable models reveal significant positive effects for traveling to training sessions and day trips.
Implications: The findings support the importance of considering the causality of effects. The notion of the unhappy commuter found in existing travel research is not supported for traveling to regular training sessions. Traveling for the purpose of competitive sports (tournaments, league games) does not yield significant well-being outcomes, suggesting that participation in various forms of sport competitions generates stress for participants.
There is an increasing interest in quality-of-life/well-being research in hospitality and tourism. The goal of this paper is to further promote the development and use of quality-of-life/well-being concepts in the discipline by reviewing seven major theories of quality of life and well-being (and their application in hospitality and tourism based on the research that I and my colleagues have conducted over the years) and suggesting future avenues of research. The theories discussed are self-congruity theory, self-expressiveness theory, bottom-up spillover theory, leisure benefits theory, goal theory, need hierarchy theory, and broaden-and-build theory.
This study was designed to examine how to form well-being perception in the senior tourism industry. More specifically, this study proposed (1) the casual relationships between four dimensions of the experience economy (i.e. education, entertainment, esthetics, and escapism) and well-being perception, (2) the effects of well-being perception on consumer attitudes toward a brand, brand attachment, and brand loyalty, and (3) the moderating role of advertising effectiveness. Data were collected from 323 senior tourists in Korea. The results showed that all of the four dimensions have a positive influence on well-being perception, which in turn positively affects outcome variables. Lastly, this study found that advertising effectiveness has an important moderating function in the relationship between education and well-being perception.
Well-being as an intangible, philosophical, and multi-faceted phenomenon is hard to measure. By taking a psycholinguistic expression of well-being, we measure how tourists' experiencing holiday destinations affects their well-being states. The well-being state includes increases or decreases in Hedonia and Eudaimonia as a result of destination experiences. We apply text topic modelling to analyse big Web 2.0 datasets. These include tourists’ self-reports of their experiences during their visit to destination countries collected from Travelblog.org weblog. The findings from a Global sample, New Zealand, and France are compared to generalise Hedonia and Eudaimonia conceptualisations across these destinations. The outputs also characterise experiences with maximum well-being and ill-being that include both Hedonia and Eudaimonia. Managerial implications include how a destination image may be managed according to desired well-being states. This also helps tourists make informed decisions about their holiday destinations.
This study examined the relationships across social media use, social support, depression, and general psychological disposition among people with movement or mobility disabilities in Korea. First, with survey data (n = 91) collected from users of social network sites (SNSs) and online communities, hypotheses regarding positive associations between intensity of an individual’s engagement in social media and four different types of social support—emotional, instrumental, informational, and appraisal support—were tested as well as hypotheses regarding mediation effects of the social support variables in the association between social media use and depression. Second, through focus group interviews (n = 15), influences of social media use on social support were more thoroughly explored as well as their influences on general psychological disposition. Results from hierarchical regression analyses confirmed that both intensity of SNS use and online community use significantly predicted instrumental, informational, and appraisal support, while they did not predict emotional support. Further regression and Sobel tests showed that higher levels of intensity of SNS use and of online community use both led to lower levels of depression through the mediation of instrumental and informational support. Analysis of the interviews further revealed the positive roles of social media use in building social support and healthy psychological dispositions. However, analysis also revealed some negative consequences of and limitations to social media use for those with physical disabilities. These findings expand our knowledge of the context and implications of engaging in online social activities for people with physical disabilities.
This work examines users' motives for sharing commercial content on social networking services (SNS). We first interviewed Internet users to map sharing behaviors and SNS use (n = 409). We then used a mixed-methods design combining self-reports and a scenario-based experimental manipulation to compare intrinsic and extrinsic incentive models among those who already shared commercial content (n = 134). The findings reveal a contradiction between the self-reports, where intrinsic motives for sharing dominated, and the experimental manipulation, where extrinsic (financial) incentives induced greater willingness to share. We suggest two possible processes that may be at play in our results. First, based on the theory of planned behavior, whereby actions which are not motivated by financial incentives are associated with more positive normative beliefs, SNS users are likely to perceive – and therefore self-report – intrinsic motives for social sharing (e.g., altruism) as more important to them than extrinsic motives (e.g., financial rewards). Second, assuming that reported intrinsic motives are real and not a product of social desirability bias, financial incentives may dilute the impact of intrinsic incentives via a crowding-out effect, shifting users' motives for sharing e-commerce content from intrinsic reasons (e.g., enjoyment) toward extrinsic ones with the application of financial incentives (e.g., a discount). The findings have implications for planning incentive models that fit marketing communication strategies and enhance customer engagement efforts.
Even though a large amount of content is shared on Facebook, what makes Facebook users share content has not been thoroughly addressed in previous studies. Rather than treating Facebook as just another online social media, this study focused on Facebook users' psychological incentives for content sharing and examined how users' social capital focus and content types influenced the effect of incentives. Using both qualitative (focus group interview) and quantitative (online survey) methods, we obtained several findings. Both self-interest and communal incentive could drive Facebook users' content-sharing intention, but their effects depended on the content types. Further, the effects of self-interest incentives were found only among the users who focus on their close friends (bonding-focus), but not among those who focus on the distant friends (bridging-focus). Brand marketers can utilize these results to post content on Facebook effectively.
Purpose
– The purpose of this paper is to investigate what triggers tourist’s use of geotag as an information sharing tool in social media.
Design/methodology/approach
– This study divided tourists’ goals into task-involved goals (enjoyment of geotags and altruism) and ego-involved goals (anticipated extrinsic reward and desire for attention), and then examined the influences of these goals on their geotag satisfaction and information-sharing behavior by using PLS-Graph 3.0.
Findings
– Whereas the anticipated extrinsic rewards, altruism, and enjoyment of geotags were found to influence their geotag satisfaction, desire for attention was not. Enjoyment of geotags was found to be the strongest predictor of tourists’ geotag satisfaction, which in turn affected their information-sharing behaviors. Based on these findings, the authors present theoretical and practical implications with suggestions for future research.
Research limitations/implications
– Geotag services are not identical in all social media, so study participants might have perceived the characteristics of geotags differently depending on which social media they use.
Originality/value
– The enjoyment of geotags, altruism, and anticipated reward were found to influence geotag satisfaction; however, desire for attention was not. The results imply that enjoyment of geotags and anticipated reward strongly predict geotag satisfaction.
This study explores the role of tourists’ knowledge-sharing motivation in the formation of online community loyalty. More specifically, the study examines (1) the theoretical relationships between five factors influencing knowledge-sharing motivation, knowledge contributions (KNC), knowledge-sharing continuance intentions (KCI), and community promotion (COP) and (2) the moderating effects of ambient stimuli on the relationship between KNC and KCI and on that between KNC and COP. For valid respondents, a convenience sample of online travel community members was obtained using Amazon Mechanical Turk. Hence, a total of 410 responses were employed to test the research hypotheses through a structural equation modelling analysis and a series of hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results show that four factors influencing knowledge-sharing motivation, namely altruism, expected reciprocal benefits, reputation, and trust, had positive effects on KNO. KNO had positive effects on KCI and COP, and KCI had a positive effect on COP. In addition, a positive group perception moderated the KNC–KCI and KNC–COP relationships.
Social media changes how travelers see and experience their trip. This study first proposes a framework which describes the relationships between social media and the tourism experience. Based upon this framework, it then examines the impact of social media when travelers share their emotions and perceptions after the trip. The results of the study confirm that sharing positive experiences post trip increases travelers’ positive affect while decreasing negative affect and therefore leads toward more positive overall evaluations. Further, we find that sharing unsatisfactory travel experiences through social media helps to reduce negative perceptions of the trip, which, in turn, enhances posttrip evaluations.
While disseminating self-related information and travel selfies via social network sites, many tourists strategically adjust photographic images to manage their impressions. With a sample of Korean female tourists, this study aims to examine the underlying nature of strategic self-presentation behaviors characterized by women's personal efforts to edit and package their travel selfies posted on social media webpages. The results of this study indicate that several elements of self-objectification, including appearance surveillance and appearance dissatisfaction, are closely associated with female tourists' strategic self-presentational orientation. This study suggests different management implications to help tourism practitioners successfully distribute desired destination images using their clienteles' strategic self-presentation behaviors.
Chinese tourists, who are increasingly traveling out of Asia independently, need trustworthy and readily available information sources. This study explores the motives of Chinese tourists who have invested considerable time (mostly more than a week) in creating information-rich, influential, and interactive online travel blogs—effectively creating personalized little “Lonely Planets” that serve these growing information needs. This study assesses the demographic characteristics of the “Lonely Planets” creators, the features of their blogging behavior, and the motivations for the involvement. It reveals six motive categories: “positive self-enhancement through online social connection,” “altruism: being helpful to fellow travelers,” “social status issues,” “personal status and achievement,” “self-documentation and sharing,” and “hedonic enjoyment of blogging.” Superficially, these motivations seem to be similar with previous Western studies of blogging behavior, but significant contextual and cultural issues exist and are explained. Management implications and future research arising from the current study are provided.
The objective of this research is to examine the antecedents and consequences of well-being perception, focusing on golf tournament tourists. More specifically, it is proposed that four dimensions of the experience economy influence the formation of well-being perception. In addition, it is hypothesized that well-being perception can result in two managerial outcomes: brand identification and revisit intentions. During the theory-building process, the moderating role of customer involvement was proposed. Based on the theoretical relationships between the conceptual constructs, a model was proposed and then tested utilizing data collected from 230 golf tournament tourists. The results of the data analysis show that three dimensions of the experience economy (education, entertainment, and escapism) play important roles in the formation of well-being perception, which in turn positively affects two outcome variables: brand identification and revisit intentions. In addition, customer involvement moderates the relationship between well-being perception and brand identification. The theoretical and managerial implications of these findings are discussed in the latter part of the article.
The current study provides and tests an integrated model that examines two relationship quality constructs (overall customer satisfaction, customer-company identification) as mediating variables between Chinese tourists' lodging service quality perceptions and two outcomes (repurchase intentions, subjective well-being). The results of a study with domestic Chinese hotel guests (n = 451) provide support for the proposed model. Specifically, the results indicate that overall customer satisfaction fully mediates the relationship between perceived service quality and repurchase intentions and subjective well-being, respectively. Customer-company identification partially mediates the relationship between perceived service quality and repurchase intentions and subjective wellbeing, respectively. We provide empirical validation that customers do, indeed, identify with hospitality providers, and this, in-turn, provides positive consequences for both the service provider (i.e., repurchase intentions) and the customer (i.e., subjective well-being). Managerial implications are provided, limitations noted, and future research directions suggested.
This study examined the effects of service fairness and service quality on tourists’ behavioral intentions and subjective well-being (SWB) with the mediation of satisfaction. It conceptualizes SWB as a sociopsychological benefit that people receive from tourism activities in parallel with behavioral intentions to visit the destination treated as economic benefit. A self-administered questionnaire survey was conducted in Xiamen city of Fujian Province, China, and a valid sample of 541 tourists was used for data analysis. Findings show that service fairness has more of an effect on behavioral intentions and SWB than service quality; and such differentiated effects can be partly attributed to the mediating role of satisfaction between the antecedent constructs (i.e, service fairness and service quality) and consequence constructs (i.e, behavioral intentions and tourist SWB). The results suggest that tourism service providers should deliver services in a fairer way and tourist SWB should be attended to by both governments and academics.
Are tourists who take more photos happier? Our study investigates the relationship between tourists’ photographing and happiness based on two proposed theories: photographing as a behavior that society expects from tourists, and photographing as a mechanism for social interaction. Questionnaires measuring photographic behavior and components of happiness such as positive emotions and life satisfaction were collected from 417 tourists at three destinations in the Netherlands. Additionally, we carried out participant observation to explore the potential roles of fulfilling cultural expectations and social interactions. We found a positive relationship between photography and tourists’ levels of happiness. People who take more pictures on holiday and rate photographing to be important experience more positive emotions and a higher life satisfaction, respectively. The participant observation data reveal that this relationship is strengthened when photography is used to build relationships, but weakened when people photograph to fulfill cultural expectations.