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1
Vol.25, No.6, 2021
Hot Spots
ID No.
(PP 1 - 30)
1.6.52https://doi.org/10.21271/zjhs.
-
sakar.abdulla@su.edu.krd
06072021
12092021
2512
Pacione .(Pacione,2002,p253
(world Health Organization,
2020)
2
Vol.25, No.6, 2021
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
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4
Vol.25, No.6, 2021
1
(Satria and Castro, 2016, pp 242 – 297) Aghasi ,
2019 , pp 82 – 96
2
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3
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Shafabakhsh et al, 2014 , pp 290 – 299
5
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
Hot Spots
GPS
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Tool
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
Zonal Statistics
ESRI, 2018
Hot spot
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Kernal
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
Kernal density
GIS.V10.5
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
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(Analyzing Patterns ))(Spatial Statistics Tool
(Arc tool box)
25
Vol.25, No.6, 2021
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Clustered
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3 GIS
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32- Aghasi , Niloofar Haji Mirza . ( 2019 ) . Application of Gis for Urban Traffic Accidents : A Gritical Review . Journal
of Geographic Information System . ( pp82 –- 96 )
33- Aghajani , Mohanmad Ali , and Dezfoulian , Raza Shahni , and Arjroody , Abdolraza Rezaee . ( 2016 ) . Applying Gis
to Identify the spatial and Temporal Patterns of Road Accidents Using Spatial Statistics case study : I lam
province , Iran ).
34- Amerkan , Mohammed , and Faheem , Mir Iqbal , and Aquil , Mohd Minhajuddin . ( 2018 ) . Gis Based Spatial
Analysis of Urban Traffic Accidents , International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering and
Science (1 )( Times ) , Vol 4 , Issue 8 ,( pp270 -– 279 ).
35- ESRI, (2018), ArcGIS Desktop 10.6.1, Software Help, How Kernel Density works.
36- Ghosh , S. K . , and Parida , M . and Uraon , Jeyk . ( 2004 ) . Traffic Accident Analysis for Dehradun city Using Gis .
I Tp I Journal , 1 : 3 , ( pp 40 -– 54 ) .
37- Owusu , Christion Kwesi , and Eshun, James Kweku, and Asare, Clement Kofi Ohene, and Aikins, Abigail Ayipeh . (
2018 ) . Identification of Road Traffic Accident Hotspots in the cape Coast Metropolis’ Southern Ghana Using
Geographic Information System ( Gis ) . International Journal of Scientific and Engineering Research , Vol 9 , Issue
10 , pp ( 2106 -– 2123 ) .
38- Pacione, Michael (2002), Urban Geography A Global Perspective , 2nd edition, Rutledge Press, New York.
39- Parasanna kumar , V ., and Vijith , H . and Charutha , R . and Geetha , N . ( 2011 ) . Spatio – Temporal clustering of
Road Accidents : Gis Based Analysis and Assessment , International Conference : Spatial thinking and
Geographic Information , Procedia social and Behavioral Sciences 21 , pp ( 317 -– 325 ) .
40- Satria , Romi , and castro , Maria . ( 2016 ) . Gis Tool for Analyzing Accidents and Road design : A Riview . XII
conference on Transport Engineering , CIT , Valencia , Spain Transportation Research Procedia 18 , pp (242 -– 247 ) .
41- Shafa bakhsh , Cholam Ali , and Famili, Afshin, and Bahadori , Mohammad Sadegh . ( 2014 ) . Gis – Based Spatial an
analysis of Urban traffic accidents : Case study in Mashhad , Iran , Journal of Traffic and Transportation
Engineering ( English Edition ) : 4 ( 3 ) : pp ( 290 -– 299 ).
42- - Word Health Organization , (2020), Road traffic injuries. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-
sheets/detail/road-traffic-injuries
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Vol.25, No.6, 2021
(Hot Spots)
Identifying the (Hot Spots) for traffic accidents in Erbil City
A study of the problems of the Urban Environment
Sakar Bahaddin Abdullah Almudaris
Collage of Arts - Department of Geography / Salahaddin University-Erbil
Abstract
Urbanization brings many problems to the urban environment, such as: problems of the urban transportation,
represented in traffic accidents which has become the issue of the era and threatens humanity according to the
World Health Organization reports, it has become the main concern of all government agencies due to its impact
at both the economic and social levels. Based of this, this research aims at monitoring the traffic accident
locations in Erbil city and identify the hot spots in which the number and intensity of accidents are high, the
pattern of their distribution, and to know the special and temporal characteristics of these accidents, and the
reasons of their occurrence, for the purpose of constructing an accurate database and propose sound scientific
methodologies to the relevant authorities and decision makers for addressing the issue that are based on the
descriptive method and statistical spatial analysis, in order to achieve traffic safety to serve the citizens of the
city. The research included three main axis, in addition to the introduction, the first axis began by identifying the
most important spatial and temporal characteristics of the traffic accidents in the study area, the second axis was
dedicated to study the factors that influence the occurrence of the accidents, where the third axis discussed the
spatial modelling mechanism to identify the traffic accidents hot spots in the study area using a Geographical
Information System. The research concluded with a set of conclusions and recommendations.
Key words: Urban Environment Problems, Traffic Accidents, Erbil City, Hot Spots
