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Octospora doebbeleri, a new bryophilous species on Dicranoweisia cirrata
Abstract and Figures
Octospora doebbeleri, a new bryophilous species infecting rhizoids of the acrocarpous moss Dicranoweisia cirrata, is described and illustrated based on collections from the Czech Republic. The delineation of the new species, based on the unique set of morphological characters, is also supported by phylogenetic analysis of LSU and SSU nrDNA and EF1α. Morphologically, O. doebbeleri is characterised by apothecia with a thin margin and ellipsoid, mostly binucleate ascospores ornamented with small isolated warts. Differences from other morphologically similar species of Octospora are discussed.
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... The exclusion of species on the basis of low-quality or partial TEF1α sequences lead to a significant improvement in statistical support, explaining the differences between our results and those found in the literature (i.e. Eckstein et al. 2021;Sochorová et al. 2021;Németh et al. 2022). Fig. 3 Microscopic features of Octospora tucumanensis (holotype) a Asci and paraphyses, in water. ...
Octospora tucumanensis, a new bryophilous ascomycete infecting rhizoids of the pleurocarpous moss Dimerodontium balansae (Fabroniaceae), is described and illustrated based on collections from Argentina. The new species has a unique set of morphological characters and is phylogenetically supported. Morphologically, O. tucumanensis is characterized by the globose to subglobose ascospores ornamented with warts of variable size and shape. Differences from other morphologically similar species of Octospora are discussed.
... Few other species of octosporaceous fungi also have multinucleate ascospores although the only other species with more than 2 nuclei in ascospores is Octo-eschweizerbart_xxx sporopsis nicolai (Maire) U. Lindem., M. Vega & T. Richt. with 4 nuclei (Janošík 2020, Sochorová et al. 2021. Therefore, the newly described O. australis has ascospores with the highest known number of nuclei among all species of octosporaceous fungi and the entire family Pyronemataceae. ...
Two species of the hepaticolous genus Octosporella (Pyronemataceae, Pezizales) have
been recorded from southern Australia on host species that are hitherto unknown as substrates for
ascomycetes. Octosporella australis sp. nov. is characterized by large setose ascomata, 3- or
4-spored asci, large ellipsoidal ascospores, 36–65 × 10–15 μm, with unthickened spore walls at cell
poles and occurring on the terrestrial liverwort Lethocolea pansa (Jungermanniales). Three collections were gathered on Kangaroo Island, South Australia, on seasonally flooded riverbanks. Phylogenetic analyses of the LSU, SSU and EF1-α sequences showed that the collections of this new
species form a well-supported monophyletic group and clearly differ from all other species of
Octosporella. The second species was assigned to O. jungermanniarum agg. which is widely distributed in Europe on several unrelated liverworts. The Australian collection deviates in its somewhat narrower ascospores, but molecular analyses placed the studied specimen among European
collections of O. jungermanniarum from various host species. This species infects the liverwort
Lophocolea semiteres (Jungermanniales) and was recorded on the Fleurieu Peninsula on mossy
rocks. Apart from a single collection of O. nematospora from New Zealand, these Australian collections are the only records of Octosporella species for the whole Southern Hemisphere. Both
species have multinucleate ascospores and O. australis, with predominantly 8-nucleate ascospores,
has the highest known number of nuclei in ascospores among all studied species of octosporaceous
fungi and the whole family Pyronemataceae.
Octospora pulchrispora (Pezizales)-a new bryophilous species on Cynodontium polycarpon.-Czech Mycol. 76(1): 45-62. Octospora pulchrispora Sochorová et Eckstein is described as a new species based on finds from the Czech Republic. It features a remarkable ascospore ornamentation formed by low, branching, cyanophilous ridges. It parasitises the acrocarpous moss Cynodontium polycarpon (Rhabdoweisiaceae) and induces galls on the rhizoids. In the phylogenetic analysis based on the LSU, SSU and EF1a loci, O. pulchrispora formed a highly supported clade with Octospora gyalectoides agg., O. leucoloma, O. gemmicola, O. axillaris, O. excipulata, O. bridei and two undescribed Octospora species.: Octospora pulchrispora (Pezizales)-nový bryofilní druh na Cynodontium polycarpon.-Czech Mycol. 76(1): 45-62. Octospora pulchrispora Sochorová et Eckstein (zemnička krásnovýtrusá) je popsána jako nový druh pro vědu podle nálezů z České republiky. Vyznačuje se zajímavou ornamentikou výtrusů, která je tvořena nízkými, větvenými, cyanofilními hřebínky. Parazituje na akrokarpním mechu psízubci mno-hoplodém-Cynodontium polycarpon (Rhabdoweisiaceae), na jehož rhizoidech indukuje tvorbu hálek. Ve fylogenetické analýze založené na lokusech LSU, SSU a EF1a tvořila O. pulchrispora silně podpořený klad s Octospora gyalectoides agg., O. leucoloma, O. gemmicola, O. axillaris, O. exci-pulata, O. bridei a dvěma nepoposanými druhy rodu Octospora.
Octospora entosthodontophila, a new smooth-spored bryophilous ascomycete on Entosthodon spp., is described and illustrated based on several collections from Hungary and Spain. The new species infects various species of the terricolous
moss genus Entosthodon (Funariaceae). It is one of the first bryoparasitic Pezizales where molecular data confirmed the broader host spectrum. The newly described species is characterized by orange apothecia with a conspicuous membranaceous slightly fimbriate margin, narrowly ellipsoid to subfusiform smooth ascospores with two large and several small lipid bodies. A comparison with similar Octospora species and taxa infecting other members of the moss family Funariaceae is also provided. A phylogenetic analysis using ITS, LSU, SSU, and EF1-α sequences revealed that O. entosthodontophila forms a monophyletic group with O. excipulata, a taxon also infecting various members of the Funariaceae.
Sochorová, Z., Vega, M., Hernanz, J., Eckstein, J. & Sochor, M. 2023. Lamprospora aberrans sp. nov. (Pezizales) – die erste Art der Gattung Lamprospora mit behaarten Apothecien. – Herzogia 36: 206 –221. Lamprospora aberrans wird als neue Art mit Aufsammlungen aus Spanien (Stadt Madrid und Mallorca) und Kroatien (Nationalpark Paklenica) beschrieben. Die Art ist durch die folgende Merkmalskombination einmalig: globose Ascosporen mit einem Ornament aus gebogenen Leisten sowie das Vorkommen von starren, dickwandigen, hyalinen Haaren – das letzte Merkmal ist in der Gattung Lamprospora bisher unbekannt. Es handelt sich um die erste Art bryophiler Pezizales, die Moose aus der Gattung Gymnostomum (Pottiaceae, Pottiales) befällt. Eine Bayes-Analyse der LSU, SSU und EF1-α Sequenzen zeigt L. aberrans in einer statistisch gut begründeten Gruppe zusammen mit L. cailletii, L. tuberculatella agg., L. benkertii und L. paechnatzii. Der Wert von Haaren in der Taxonomie bryophiler Pezizales wird diskutiert.
The full PDF can be downloaded here: http://www.czechmycology.org/_cmo/CM74101.pdf
The bryophilous ascomycete Octospora meslinii is a rarely reported species growing exclusively in cushions of the saxicolous moss Grimmia pulvinata. The taxon has been misunderstood in the past and hitherto reliably only reported from France and Germany. Many recent collections from Hungary have made it possible to get a better understanding of O. meslinii, which is comprehensively described and illustrated in this paper. Because of the lack of original material, we designate an illustration in the protologue as the lectotype and one of the recent collections as the epitype of this fungus. Octospora meslinii is compared with other species of Octospora growing in the same type of habitat or having similar ascospores. The most closely related
species to O. meslinii is O. pseudoampezzana. Both share apothecia with blackish pigmentation, a unique feature compared to bryophilous Pezizales as a whole, ellipsoid ascospores ornamented with isolated warts, moss hosts in the family Grimmiaceae, and the infection inducing galls on the rhizoids. A phylogenetic analysis using the EF1a, LSU and SSU rDNA loci confirms our morphological findings showing that O. meslinii forms a monophyletic clade with O. pseudoampezzana, whereas other species with which O. meslinii was confused in the past, e.g. O. similis, are related only distantly.
Eckstein, J., Sochorová, Z. & Janošík, L. 2021. Octospora oscarii spec. nov. (Pezizales), a bryophilous ascomycete on the pleurocarpous moss Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans (Hypnales). – Herzogia 34: 286 –298. The bryophilous ascomycete Octospora oscarii is described as a new species based on collections from Central Germany and the Czech Republic. It grows on the pleurocarpous moss Pseudotaxiphyllum elegans and is characterised by smooth ascospores and an infection on the rhizoids of its host. This is the first account of P. elegans as a host of bryophilous ascomycetes. Phylogenetic analyses of concatenated LSU, SSU and EF1-α gene sequences showed that the studied collections of this species form a well-supported monophyletic lineage differing from all previously studied species of bryophilous Pezizales. Macroscopic and microscopic features of the new species are illustrated by colour photographs and drawings, and are compared to those of the other species of bryophilous Pezizales similarly growing on pleurocarpous mosses.
Lamprospora angularis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from finds in four different Tenerifan localities. The new species is characterised by a combination of the following features: orange to reddish-orange apothecia with a conspicuous fimbriate to shaggy margin, globose ascospores with distinctive regular areolate ornamentation, and infection of the rhizoids of its bryophyte host Campylopus pilifer. Phylogenetic analysis of SSu, LSu and EF1-α gene sequences show that the studied collections of this species form a well-supported monophyletic clade and clearly differ from all other sequenced species of bryophilous Pezizales. Comparisons have been made with similar members of Lamprospora that infect species of Campylopus, namely L. australis, L. campylopodis and L. verrucispora.
Octospora conidiophora is described as a new species, based on collections from South Africa. It is characterised by apothecia with a distinct margin, smooth or finely warted ellipsoid ascospores, stiff, thick-walled hyaline hairs, warted mycelial hyphae and growth on pleurocarpous mosses Trichosteleum perchlorosum and Sematophyllum brachycarpum (Hypnales) on decaying wood in afromontane forests. It is the first species of bryophilous Pezizales in which an anamorph has been observed; it produces long, claviform, curved, hyaline and transversely septate conidia. Three other cryptic species of Octospora were detected using three molecular markers (LSU and SSU nrDNA and EF1α), but these could not be distinguished phenotypically. These are not described formally here and an informal species aggregate O. conidiophora agg. is established for them. The new species and finds of Lamprospora campylopodis growing on Campylopus pyriformis and Neottiella albocincta on Atrichum androgynum represent the first records of bryophilous Pezizales in South Africa. https://mycokeys.pensoft.net/article/34571/
PartitionFinder 2 is a program for automatically selecting best-fit partitioning schemes and models of evolution for phylogenetic analyses. PartitionFinder 2 is substantially faster and more efficient than version 1, and incorporates many new methods and features. These include the ability to analyze morphological datasets, new methods to analyze genome-scale datasets, new output formats to facilitate interoperability with downstream software, and many new models of molecular evolution. PartitionFinder 2 is freely available under an open source license and works on Windows, OSX, and Linux operating systems. It can be downloaded from www.robertlanfear.com/partitionfinder The source code is available at https://github.com/brettc/partitionfinder.
Four bryoparasitic ascomycetes, Lamprospora tuberculata, Octospora ithacaensis, O. orthotrichi and O. affinis were recently found in the Czech Republic for the first time. For each species, basic description of macroscopical and microscopical characters, information about its habitat, distinguishing features of similar species as well as notes on the distribution in Europe are provided. Furthermore, apothecia, spores and parasitising structures are illustrated. The following parasite-host relationships were observed: L. tuberculata on Pleuridium subulatum, O. ithacaensis on Marchantia polymorpha, O. orthotrichi on Orthotrichum diaphanum and O. affinis on Orthotrichum affine.
One locality of L. tuberculata, two of O. ithacaensis, eight of O. orthotrichi and one of O. affinis
were found. Internal cavities in the warts of spores in O. affinis and L. tuberculata are newly reported
as well as the infection of leaf cells in O. affinis.
PDF available at: http://www.czechmycology.org/czech-mycology-content.php#v67
2014): Octosporopsis nicolai – a mysterious member of the Pyronemataceae. Zeitschrift für Mykologie 80/2: 565-592. Abstract: Several recent finds of Kotlabaea nicolai provided the opportunity to examine this rarely found discomycete in more detail. Molecular data was obtained from various collections. Based on the results of the phylogenetic analysis and the study of morphological features the new genus Octosporopsis U. Lindemann & M. Vega is proposed to accommodate K. nicolai. Zusammenfassung: Auf Basis mehrerer rezenter Funde von Kotlabaea nicolai war es möglich, diesen bisher nur selten nachgewiesenen Discomyceten genauer zu untersuchen. Ein Teil der Aufsammlungen wurde sequenziert, so dass erstmals DNA-Daten für diese Art vorliegen. Aufgrund der Ergebnisse der phylogenetischen Analyse und der Untersuchungen der Mor-phologie wird für Kotlabaea nicolai die neue Gattung Octosporopsis vorgeschlagen.
A new species of cup fungus. Octospora arctowskii Olech and Mleczko, from South Shetland Islands (Antarctica) is described in this paper. Octospora miniatopsis (Spooner) Olech and Mleczko comb. nov. is reported for the first rime from South Shetland Islands. Brief.notes on their ecology and distribution are also provided.
Genome size, life cycle, and ploidy were determined for Neottiella vivida (Nyl.) Dennis and N. rutilans (Fr.) Dennis. The relative DNA content was measured from fruit-bodies using cytofluorometry; genome size was obtained by comparison with two standards: conidia of Trichophea hemisphaerioides (23.3 Mb) and a spore-print from Pleurotus ostreatus (25 Mb). Neottiella vivida and N. rutilans were found to have genomes of approximately 750 Mb and 530 Mb, respectively. The ploidy level of N. rutilans is 50, that of N. vivida was calculated to be 70. In N. vivida, meiotic division occurs in the ascus apex where giant mitochondria with a DNA content of 60 Mb, 54 Mb, and 30 Mb were found. The two species are morphologically very similar and can be distinguished only by their ascospore ornamentation, which is reticulated in N. rutilans and warted in N. vivida. Due to endoreduplication in the uninucleate ascospores of N. vivida, the value of their nuclear DNA content is 2C. In N. rutilans, endoreduplication is not arrested at the 2C value but may proceed at a different rate in spores. Thus N. rutilans reveals heterogeneity in ploidy levels of sporal nuclei. In N. vivida and N. rutilans, differences in spore ornamentation may result from different patterns of gene expression regulated by the ploidy-dependent gene.
See also poster DOI10.13140/RG.2.2.23780.07045
The occurrence of bryoparasitic cup-fungi in the Old Botanical Garden at Göttingen has been investigated. A total of 15 species and three varieties were found. The following eight taxa are recorded in Lower Saxony for the first time: Lamprospora miniata var. ratisbonensis, L. minuta, Octospora axillaris var. tetraspora, O. coccinea, O. gemmicola, O. ithacaensis, O. orthotricha and O. pseudoampezzana. Brief descriptions of macroscopic and microscopic characters are provided for all species and varieties found and the associated host-bryophytes are listed. Habitus and spores are illustrated by photographs. For the first time, Leptobryum pyriforme is documented as a host of Lamprospora minuta.
Since its introduction in 2001, MrBayes has grown in popularity as a software package for Bayesian phylogenetic inference using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) methods. With this note, we announce the release of version 3.2, a major upgrade to the latest official release presented in 2003. The new version provides convergence diagnostics and allows multiple analyses to be run in parallel with convergence progress monitored on the fly. The introduction of new proposals and automatic optimization of tuning parameters has improved convergence for many problems. The new version also sports significantly faster likelihood calculations through streaming single-instruction-multiple-data extensions (SSE) and support of the BEAGLE library, allowing likelihood calculations to be delegated to graphics processing units (GPUs) on compatible hardware. Speedup factors range from around 2 with SSE code to more than 50 with BEAGLE for codon problems. Checkpointing across all models allows long runs to be completed even when an analysis is prematurely terminated. New models include relaxed clocks, dating, model averaging across time-reversible substitution models, and support for hard, negative, and partial (backbone) tree constraints. Inference of species trees from gene trees is supported by full incorporation of the Bayesian estimation of species trees (BEST) algorithms. Marginal model likelihoods for Bayes factor tests can be estimated accurately across the entire model space using the stepping stone method. The new version provides more output options than previously, including samples of ancestral states, site rates, site d(N)/d(S) rations, branch rates, and node dates. A wide range of statistics on tree parameters can also be output for visualization in FigTree and compatible software.
Comparative analysis of molecular sequence data is essential for reconstructing the evolutionary histories of species and inferring the nature and extent of selective forces shaping the evolution of genes and species. Here, we announce the release of Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis version 5 (MEGA5), which is a user-friendly software for mining online databases, building sequence alignments and phylogenetic trees, and using methods of evolutionary bioinformatics in basic biology, biomedicine, and evolution. The newest addition in MEGA5 is a collection of maximum likelihood (ML) analyses for inferring evolutionary trees, selecting best-fit substitution models (nucleotide or amino acid), inferring ancestral states and sequences (along with probabilities), and estimating evolutionary rates site-by-site. In computer simulation analyses, ML tree inference algorithms in MEGA5 compared favorably with other software packages in terms of computational efficiency and the accuracy of the estimates of phylogenetic trees, substitution parameters, and rate variation among sites. The MEGA user interface has now been enhanced to be activity driven to make it easier for the use of both beginners and experienced scientists. This version of MEGA is intended for the Windows platform, and it has been configured for effective use on Mac OS X and Linux desktops. It is available free of charge from http://www.megasoftware.net.
For aligning DNA sequences that differ only by sequencing errors, or by equivalent errors from other sources, a greedy algorithm can be much faster than traditional dynamic programming approaches and yet produce an alignment that is guaranteed to be theoretically optimal. We introduce a new greedy alignment algorithm with particularly good performance and show that it computes the same alignment as does a certain dynamic programming algorithm, while executing over 10 times faster on appropriate data. An implementation of this algorithm is currently used in a program that assembles the UniGene database at the National Center for Biotechnology Information.
Beauveria is a globally distributed genus of soil-borne entomopathogenic hyphomycetes of interest as a model system for the study of entomo-pathogenesis and the biological control of pest insects. Species recognition in Beauveria is difficult due to a lack of taxonomically informative morphology. This has impeded assessment of species diversity in this genus and investigation of their natural history. A gene-genealogical approach was used to investigate molecular phylogenetic diversity of Beauveria and several presumptively related Cordyceps species. Analyses were based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and elongation factor 1-alpha (EF1-α) sequences for 86 exemplar isolates from diverse geographic origins, habitats and insect hosts. Phylogenetic trees were inferred using maximum parsimony and Bayesian likelihood methods. Six well supported clades within Beauveria, provisionally designated A–F, were resolved in the EF1-α and combined gene phylogenies. Beauveria bassiana, a ubiquitous species that is characterized morphologically by globose to subglobose conidia, was determined to be non-monophyletic and consists of two unrelated lineages, clades A and C. Clade A is globally distributed and includes the Asian teleomorph Cordyceps staphylinidaecola and its probable synonym C. bassiana. All isolates contained in Clade C are anamorphic and originate from Europe and North America. Clade B includes isolates of B. brongniartii, a Eurasian species complex characterized by ellipsoidal conidia. Clade D includes B. caledonica and B. vermiconia, which produce cylindrical and comma-shaped conidia, respectively. Clade E, from Asia, includes Beauveria anamorphs and a Cordyceps teleomorph that both produce ellipsoidal conidia. Clade F, the basal branch in the Beauveria phylogeny includes the South American species B. amorpha, which produces cylindrical conidia. Lineage diversity detected within clades A, B and C suggests that prevailing morphological species concepts underestimate species diversity within these groups. Continental endemism of lineages in B. bassiana s.l. (clades A and C) indicates that isolation by distance has been an important factor in the evolutionary diversification of these clades. Permutation tests indicate that host association is essentially random in both B. bassiana s.l. clades A and C, supporting past assumptions that this species is not host specific. In contrast, isolates in clades B and D occurred primarily on coleopteran hosts, although sampling in these clades was insufficient to assess host affliation at lower taxonomic ranks. The phylogenetic placement of Cordyceps staphylinidaecola/bassiana, and C. scarabaeicola within Beauveria corroborates prior reports of these anamorph-teleomorph connections. These results establish a phylogenetic framework for further taxonomic, phylogenetic and comparative biological investigations of Beauveria and their corresponding Cordyceps teleomorphs.
Key words: bryophilous ascomycetes, bryoparasitism, Ascomycota, Pezizales, Lamprospora seaveri, Bryum argenteum.
Abstract: The occurrence of species of the genera Lamprospora, Neottiella, Octospora, and Octosporopsis in the City of
Hamburg is provided with some notes on interesting species.
Two new hepaticolous ascomycetes from the Kelabit Highlands (Sarawak, Borneo) are described and illustrated. Both of them infect thallose liverworts growing in damp and shaded localities. Octosporopsis erinacea parasitizing Dumortiera hirsuta (Marchantiopsida) has tiny, light yellow, rimless, setose apothecia, usually 8-spored asci and ellipsoid ascospores. Hyphae with appressoria develop superficially on, and intracellularly within, the host thallus. Dumortiera was recorded as a host for any bryophilous fungus for the first time. Octospora kelabitiana parasitizes species of the genus Riccardia (Jungermanniopsida). It is characterised by very small, light orange, setose apothecia, 8-spored asci, ellipsoid, biguttulate spores and very thick hyphae with conspicuous warts and ridges. Generic placement of both species was inferred based on DNA analysis of two nuclear loci (EF1α, LSU rDNA). Full-text view-only version at http://rdcu.be/yiSK
This article presents an overview of remarkable findings of bryoparasitic Pezizales in the Netherlands collected in the period 1995-2002. These collections provide further insight into the distribution, ecology, morphology and host relationships of the species described, some of which represent unknown taxa. Three new species are described, primarily or exclusively based on collections from the Netherlands: Octospora neerlandica, O. fissidentis and O. nemoralis. The following connections with host-mosses were observed: Tortula ruralis s. str., T ruraliformis, T virescens with O. neerlandica, and Fissidens bryoides with O. fissidentis as well as O. nemoralis. As a result of the intensive field survey, the number of species known from the Netherlands has increased from 14 to 40. This indicates that current knowledge on the distribution of bryoparasitic Pezizales is very incomplete in many countries.
Edited by A. J. Sharp, H. Crum and P. M. Eckel. A multi-authored identification manual of the mosses of Mexico.
Thesis--Université de Lyon, 1964. Includes bibliographical references (p. [121]-127) and index.
Detailed restriction analyses of many samples often require substantial amounts of time and effort for DNA extraction, restriction digests, Southern blotting, and hybridization. We describe a novel approach that uses the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for rapid simplified restriction typing and mapping of DNA from many different isolates. DNA fragments up to 2 kilobase pairs in length were efficiently amplified from crude DNA samples of several pathogenic Cryptococcus species, including C. neoformans, C. albidus, C. laurentii, and C. uniguttulatus. Digestion and electrophoresis of the PCR products by using frequent-cutting restriction enzymes produced complex restriction phenotypes (fingerprints) that were often unique for each strain or species. We used the PCR to amplify and analyze restriction pattern variation within three major portions of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) repeats from these fungi. Detailed mapping of many restriction sites within the rDNA locus was determined by fingerprint analysis of progressively larger PCR fragments sharing a common primer site at one end. As judged by PCR fingerprints, the rDNA of 19 C. neoformans isolates showed no variation for four restriction enzymes that we surveyed. Other Cryptococcus spp. showed varying levels of restriction pattern variation within their rDNAs and were shown to be genetically distinct from C. neoformans. The PCR primers used in this study have also been successfully applied for amplification of rDNAs from other pathogenic and nonpathogenic fungi, including Candida spp., and ought to have wide applicability for clinical detection and other studies.
Partial sequences of nuLSU rDNA were obtained to investigate the phylogenetic relationships of Pyronemataceae, the largest and least studied family of Pezizales. The dataset includes sequences for 162 species from 51 genera of Pyronemataceae, and 39 species from an additional 13 families of Pezizales. Parsimony, ML, and Bayesian analyses suggest that Pyronemataceae is not monophyletic as it is currently circumscribed. Ascodesmidaceae is nested within Pyronemataceae, and several pyronemataceous taxa are resolved outside the family. Glaziellaceae forms the sister group to Pyronemataceae in ML analyses, but this relationship, as well as those of Pyronemataceae to the other members of the lineage, are not resolved with support. Fourteen clades of pyronemataceous taxa are well supported and/or present in all recovered trees. Several pyronemataceous genera are suggested to be non-monophyletic, including Anthracobia, Cheilymenia, Geopyxis, Humaria, Lasiobolidium, Neottiella, Octospora, Pulvinula, Stephensia, Tricharina, and Trichophaea. Cleistothecial and truffle or truffle-like ascomata forms appear to have evolved independently multiple times within Pyronemataceae. Results of these analyses do not support previous classifications of Pyronemataceae, and suggest that morphological characters traditionally used to segregate the family into subfamilial groups are not phylogenetically informative above the genus level.
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Zwei neue Arten bryophiler Pezizales (Ascomycota) aus der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und Auflistung der aus Deutschland bisher nachgewiesenen Arten mit Kurzdiagnostik
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Contribution à l'étude du genre Octospora Hedw. ex S.F. Gray (Pezizales), Espèces à spores elliptiques ou fusiformes
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A humariaceous fungus parasitic on a liverwort
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Piximètre: La mesure de dimensions sur images
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