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Language, Habit, and the Future

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Abstract

This book evaluates the potential of the pragmatist notion of habit possesses to influence current debates at the crossroads between philosophy, cognitive sciences, neurosciences, and social theory. It deals with the different aspects of the pragmatic turn involved in 4E cognitive science and traces back the roots of such a pragmatic turn to both classical and contemporary pragmatism. Written by renowned philosophers, cognitive scientists, neuroscientists, and social theorists, this volume fills the need for an interdisciplinary account of the role of 'habit'. Researchers interested in the philosophy of mind, cognitive science, neuroscience, psychology, social theory, and social ontology will need this book to fully understand the pragmatist turn in current research on mind, action and society.
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Language, Habit and the Future

Abstract       
 !""#$
%&'()*(
+!",-.$/01
)
23!",#$/4
/256)4/
0     
/0      
/76
/%
Keywords:
Introduction
04               linguistic
bodies /,8

   /0   
98(:7 %,-#;<-$/0
)  5  1  
($/84=%)
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2
657/>?%7
/@
    / A 1%BC
            %  jogging,
escaping,  losing weight/8$
1 (     
/D8(:7
54
/7      I  47 ( )
   / E7 4 7 
I 4/
83
D2!",.$/&'()*(
+
% !""#$
           % !",- .$/
 )229
)(    
%D2!",.,$/8
/7
154
)  $   / 8     

)/7  
/F7
5
3
4/A

decenteringdecoherence
,-#G$/
4)=8
=76/A
decenter )
$ / 0  5   
)
/
We Are The Habit
A4%1%%
%%=2/!",#$4
$6(
4
/
0           
 1 *0 &!",; !"HI0 
*!"",.!.I23!",#!,)!!//$/qua
   //  5/ 5
I
   % &'()*(  + !",- H$/ 8    

           4       
4$/8
4
()I
55
/A1     6
I)4/A
///
4144%
)%
123!",#-.$/
A)
4/A
linguistic//////5%2
3!",#!,<$/J$  
$ )$ 1
)11$utterances 
/J)4
    %  2    3 !",# !,<$/
K))/K
)I/7(
 4     )
/
0$(
full linguistic engagement 
abiding in potentiality.E///
%1)4%
23!",#!G,$/5

5
5/+
           with those very
utterances
BC%23!",#!G,$/
8      )    
4
/F)(
/055
4      incorporating  4   
 incarnate
)6
/F
/
E
I
 D!""#ID!",.I
D2!",.I2 / !",;$/ 7   
2D
D!",;$
5/K)
L4
/A
%23!",#,-,$/A
4
M)4/0*,--,,---$
%2%!""-$
6
    
5%&'()*(
+!",-H$/0
I4
5/
7 47
/
+/J
 (     / @
/(
5/761I
       / It demands a congenial, antecedently
prepared environment. A(    
1%,-#G,-$/04
I

/F(
  
/@%2
3!",#!G,$/
7
44/
7   4      
(4
/N
/81
7
$+4(/7
=E
 =    ( 
            
/+5
//74
%,-#G<"$/8
4/
A4)
4/
7Experience and Nature 
)
$/@8
   % ,-#, ,.-$/ 0        
%41L%,-#,,.-$/
0/D
/7////7
(4%,-#,
,.-$/70
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 I5 
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5
/8      
I5/
8
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58 % $
64
/ 44
Dhabitus$$
)4 /0  

(
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44I=%,-#G!-$/0
 ) 5
any5))
   =A    
(=A=
        =  7  7  
54
A/@just 4/$
D;4A
4E/@)
)
(()6)
)6)$/0
/0/%
9
0/J
/J)
 /+
54
$/0/D
5/7
/874I
44
/The habit of walking is expressed in what a man sees when he
keeps still, even in dreams%,-#G!-$/
44%,-#G!-$/
444/
0    4 1  
/%0
4)4/7
I)
I5
(/
Not Just Persons in General with Minds in General
+)/0
)) ///
%,-#G,<$/&
4,-#G.G$/0
)%1
/0
10
1 /0 
L0
4%,-#G.G$/8
  % ,-#G,<$  
/
08   / 
4)
/7
/   I)/ F
5)/0
    
$ P  $   
$
 $/ &  5
///54
   6I        (  
I16I
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)4/
7)4
       /! 0   
/ 4
)       5     
)/N4)4
        / F   
11
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464
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    /E    4
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  )/ E
()
(/F///6
5B4habitsC///
de novo 
    5/ N
5
accommodate within an existing repertoire in each sensorimotor body%2
3!",#,<!$/N///
12
%6Isensorimotor
development is thus codetermined among interacting bodies%23!",#
,<!$/
8$
)5
/A46

) )4/
O)O
)/
0  6  /
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     5I      I
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/A)5)
O /0 

5   / 0 5
 ) 
13
//5
4 43!",,$/8
5
/+
%
4/
4)
/8
6
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45(
/ 7   4  )
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   N       )    B
C/A65
5
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             
1(/>
/7
/@)I
5%
14
%,-#G,"<$/7D5
,--H
.H#).#-$/A   4  )I  
/
@4
/Apart 
)I     
////Da )%,-#,
!,.$/A
%$4
/4
1)(
5%,-#,!,.$/The habit of having habits
  /0  6
%)
/4
$
/01$)
4/+%5/
0  5  /0  
5  )/          
5 %  ,-#, !,.$/2 
)0
%,-#,!,.$/
The Endless Chain of Humanity
15
77/@
/%A7
 4
1/75
 1 sometimes$    A  Q$     
 =8    5  
=built into
)
 ))=A
=
056
(/
7(////0

4/ Our individual
habits are links in forming the endless chain of humanity/0

/,-#G,-$
7      
46  6     
6 /8  
 =%$ 8   % 6   
/
16
A6
/&82
 Reconstruction in Philosophy 2 

%22!",;,.$/F
Human Nature and Conduct 
K/F/AA77%22!",;,.$/7
7%22!",;
,<$/8/ )
)           
))/7(
/&7
74/
A   
OO
/7)(
)%A
,--;,-;$/7  
)
/0      )4       

/E4)/D
4)  5
/
 8 A 8 (
     
17
1458,--H;-$/
D48,$
  I  !$  
/8
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   D1A   

/@@4
F8%F8/%G AF8

1quantities, %4%@
(A,--;!",!"H)
!";$/4
0)$we
BF8C same man%A,--;!";$/
A6E
41
44/0@O
45
%A,--;!";$/5
          feel,         
4/05
)4
F8/
0      
              
$/05A(
    1 
  5    /
19
05
6/7
4
/0
)
)   (  
      
)/.7
/
A4
$=
07
4
5/@4=A
=7)
 =           

/7
4)7
 /87/D
1
(57
SU8$/
A
/E&
/0%1
20
)I4
4/<D5
4/F
/0
    )5  /
2

/71)44
  / 7        %   
(/
A))47
AI%,-#G,#$/+
)
/>)
       / 0      O%
%O%8
/7
 
/77
    / F
7
(I7
1  4/ 2
71

$/
21
Adis)
/J4
other /D
%2
 3 !",# ,-.$/          
/E

$
5)
/H
&5
/0
45/
@5=A7

/A

L  4  / 04   
/A
/We must
start to do another thing 

/,-#G!;)!#$
0%4%,-#G!;$/
22
A  4  4 4   = @   
5/>
77know 
/74
all   5    
/N4
7)84
85/D4
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8(:9/V,-#;/Borderlands: La Frontera/*/G/F+8J/
D W/ !",#/ X   8 N( 8   8  
8/XVUnpublished PhD Thesis, University of the Basque Country, Spain/
D W /  (6 8/  2/ X8 9     
@/XVFrontiers in Human NeuroscienceV#!",.$<!!/
DF/The Coming of Age/N>4AANU,--H/
/!",,/X@0/XVHypatiaV!HG$<G<)<<G/
3@(62/!"";/X2F) 4/XVPhenomenology and the
Cognitive SciencesVH.$.#<)<";/
3/,-#,/Experience and Nature. 7The Later Works of John Dewey, 1925–1953. Volume 1:
1925, Experience and Nature  38D ,Q.G;/ F7
K2/
23
3/ ,-#G/ Human Nature and Conduct/ 7 The Middle Works of John Dewey, 1899–1924.
Volume 14: 1922, Human Nature and Conduct,   38 D ,Q!GH/
F7K/
2(60DWD/V!",;/ Sensorimotor Life: An Enactive
Proposal/E5K2/
2(6@3/!",#/Linguistic Bodies: The Continuity
Between Life and Language/ 702/
  /  W / D/ X  @  F)F 2 
FD/XVFrontiers in Human NeuroscienceV#!",.$<-"/
RD/V!",#/Unsheltered/J+U+/
R/!",G/VHow Forests Think: Toward an Anthropology Beyond the Human/D4
K2/
 / !""#/ X8  9 2  +Y5 &  @/X V7 +5
&Of;Habit/0 4F)55/J/
2@  & 8 2/ !",;/ Pragmatism as a Way of Life: The Lasting Legacy of
William James and John Dewey. D42/
&'()*(F0+/!",-/X08@N
FD@8/XVFrontiers in PsychologyV,"/
0   + 3/ */ !"",/ X&  N  
/XVTrends in Cognitive SciencesV<,"$.,#).!</
*+3/,--,/XE8 4FF/X7VOrganism and the Origins of
Self/;-),";/F/
* + 3/ ,---/VEthical Know-How: Action, Wisdom, and Cognition/ F F
K2/
*+3/0&/!",;/VThe Embodied Mind: Cognitive Science
and Human Experience/D 70/
24
A D1 J/ ,--;/ X0 &  @ 0  D  J/X
7VSociolinguisticsN4/..G).HG/J2/
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)4/0
7
4= )4

6/0
O6
O/
3 7            5 
AI
554@/
4 8    B     6C 
(     6      
66%
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!",;$/0)6(6
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5KN 2&/!# !",-/E,,>J2
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6 E  7    9 >    8  
%!",<$DR  1    
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... We will, then, proceed by suggesting that his view of sign-based semantics does not depend on the existence of mental or cognitive content, and, for this reason it can be compatible with enactive views on language (such as Di Paolo, et. al. 2018;Cuffari, 2020) which deny that our capacity of attributing and understanding meaning is best explained by means of mentally storing and operating with content. ...
... 'The essence is hidden from us': this is the form our problem now assumes. (PI,§ 92) In an enactive perspective, language should be taken first as a practice or activity, therefore, as languaging (Cuffari, 2020;Di Paolo, et. al. 2018). ...
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Linguistic feeling or Sprachgefühl is a notion present both in everyday discourse and in linguistic-academic studies. After a survey of the use of this notion in German, English, and Dutch, the place of linguistic feeling in different linguistic theories (structuralism, generative grammar, and usage-based cognitive linguistics) is examined. It is argued that embedding linguistic theory in a more general social theory on norms and habits is helpful for understanding the phenomenon of linguistic feeling. Finally, some additional aspects of linguistic feeling are explored, in particular variation within a community and the conscious versus unconscious status of linguistic feeling.KeywordsHabitIntuitionNorm Sprachgefühl Usage-based linguistics
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A novel theoretical framework for an embodied, non-representational approach to language that extends and deepens enactive theory, bridging the gap between sensorimotor skills and language. Linguistic Bodies offers a fully embodied and fully social treatment of human language without positing mental representations. The authors present the first coherent, overarching theory that connects dynamical explanations of action and perception with language. Arguing from the assumption of a deep continuity between life and mind, they show that this continuity extends to language. Expanding and deepening enactive theory, they offer a constitutive account of language and the co-emergent phenomena of personhood, reflexivity, social normativity, and ideality. Language, they argue, is not something we add to a range of existing cognitive capacities but a new way of being embodied. Each of us is a linguistic body in a community of other linguistic bodies. The book describes three distinct yet entangled kinds of human embodiment, organic, sensorimotor, and intersubjective; it traces the emergence of linguistic sensitivities and introduces the novel concept of linguistic bodies; and it explores the implications of living as linguistic bodies in perpetual becoming, applying the concept of linguistic bodies to questions of language acquisition, parenting, autism, grammar, symbol, narrative, and gesture, and to such ethical concerns as microaggression, institutional speech, and pedagogy.
Book
This book elaborates a series of contributions to a non-representational theory of action and perception. It is based on current theoretical developments in the enactive approach to life and mind. These enactive ideas are applied and extended to provide a theoretically rich, naturalistic account of sensorimotor meaning and agency. This account supplies non-representational extensions to the sensorimotor approach to perceptual experience based on the notion of the living body as a self-organizing dynamic system in coupling with the environment. The enactive perspective entails the use of world-involving explanations, in which processes external to an agent co-constitute mental phenomena in ways that cannot be reduced to the supply of information for internal processing. These contributions to sensorimotor theories are a dynamical-systems description of different types of sensorimotor regularities or sensorimotor contingencies, a dynamical interpretation of Piaget's theory of equilibration to ground the concept of sensorimotor mastery, and a theory of agency as organized networks of sensorimotor schemes, with its implications for sensorimotor subjectivity. New tools are provided for examining the organization, development, and operation of networks of sensorimotor schemes that compose regional activities and genres of action with their own situated norms. This permits the exploration of new explanations for the phenomenology of agency experience that are favorably contrasted with traditional computational approaches and lead to new empirical predictions. From these proposals, capabilities once beyond the reach of enactive explanations, such as the possibility of virtual actions and the adoption of socially mediated abstract perceptual attitudes, can be addressed.
Book
A new edition of a classic work that originated the “embodied cognition” movement and was one of the first to link science and Buddhist practices. This classic book, first published in 1991, was one of the first to propose the “embodied cognition” approach in cognitive science. It pioneered the connections between phenomenology and science and between Buddhist practices and science—claims that have since become highly influential. Through this cross-fertilization of disparate fields of study, The Embodied Mind introduced a new form of cognitive science called “enaction,” in which both the environment and first person experience are aspects of embodiment. However, enactive embodiment is not the grasping of an independent, outside world by a brain, a mind, or a self; rather it is the bringing forth of an interdependent world in and through embodied action. Although enacted cognition lacks an absolute foundation, the book shows how that does not lead to either experiential or philosophical nihilism. Above all, the book's arguments were powered by the conviction that the sciences of mind must encompass lived human experience and the possibilities for transformation inherent in human experience. This revised edition includes substantive introductions by Evan Thompson and Eleanor Rosch that clarify central arguments of the work and discuss and evaluate subsequent research that has expanded on the themes of the book, including the renewed theoretical and practical interest in Buddhism and mindfulness. A preface by Jon Kabat-Zinn, the originator of the mindfulness-based stress reduction program, contextualizes the book and describes its influence on his life and work.
Chapter
There will probably be general assent to the proposition that an accepted s of our community predispose certain choices of interpretation.pattern of using words is often prior to certain lines of thinking and forms of behavior, but he who assents often sees in such a statement nothing more than a platitudinous recognition of the hypnotic power of philosophical and learned terminology on the one hand or of catchwords, slogans, and rallying cries on the other. To see only thus far is to miss the point of one of the important interconnections which Sapir saw between language, culture, and psychology, and succinctly expressed in the introductory quotation. It is not so much in these special uses of language as in its constant ways of arranging data and its most ordinary everyday analysis of phenomena that we need to recognize the influence it has on other activities, cultural and personal.