Additions to the knowledge of Ganodermataceae in brazilian Cerrado

Abstract

Additions to the knowledge of Ganodermataceae in brazilian Cerrado). As a cosmopolitan family, Ganodermataceae has as distinctive characteristic the presence of double-walled basidiospore: the inner wall thick and ornamented, and the outer wall smooth. Even with the increasing interest in this family, the species are still poorly known in different regions of the brazilian territory, such as in the central Brazil. This study presents new distribution remarks of Ganodermataceae species in different sites of the biome Cerrado, in the Midwest region. We found 23 specimens from five species which are distributed into three genera, Amauroderma, Foraminispora and Ganoderma. From those species, one is a new record for the Cerrado (A. exile), four are new for the State of Goiás A. exile, F. rugosa, G. multiplicatum and G. stipitatum and one for the Distrito Federal (G. stipitatum). Amauroderma aurantiacum is rediscovered in Goiás after 88 years. This study contributes to improving the knowledge regarding the geographic distribution of these taxa in Brazil.

Full text

Hoehnea 47: e852019, 6 g., 2020 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-85/2019
Article
How to cite: Leonardo-Silva, L., Silva, L.B., Sá, A.S.F., Naves, L.R.R., Cunha, E.L. & Xavier-Santos, S. 2020. Additions
to the knowledge of Ganodermataceae in brazilian Cerrado. Hoehnea 47: e852019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2236-8906-
85/2019.
Additions to the knowledge of Ganodermataceae in brazilian Cerrado
Lucas Leonardo-Silva1, Larissa Batista da Silva1, Antônio Sérgio Ferreira de Sá1,
Laiza Rosa Rezende Naves1, Elida Lucia da Cunha1 e Solange Xavier-Santos1,2
Received: 8 August 2019; accepted: 28 November 2019
1. Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Campus Anápolis de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológicas, Laboratório de Micologia Básica, Aplicada e

2. Corresponding author: solange.xavier@ueg.br
ABSTRACT - (Additions to the knowledge of Ganodermataceae in brazilian Cerrado). As a cosmopolitan family,
Ganodermataceae has as distinctive characteristic the presence of double-walled basidiospore: the inner wall thick and
ornamented, and the outer wall smooth. Even with the increasing interest in this family, the species are still poorly known
     

Amauroderma, Foraminispora and Ganoderma. From those species,
one is a new record for the Cerrado (A. exile), four are new for the State of Goiás A. exile, F. rugosa, G. multiplicatum and
G. stipitatum and one for the Distrito Federal (G. stipitatum). Amauroderma aurantiacum is rediscovered in Goiás after
88 years. This study contributes to improving the knowledge regarding the geographic distribution of these taxa in Brazil.
Amauroderma, brazilian savanna, Foraminispora, Ganoderma, geographic distribution
ões ao conhecimento de Ganodermataceae no Cerrado brasileiro). Cosmopolita, a família Ganodermataceae
tem como característica distintiva a presença de basidiósporos de parede dupla, sendo a interna espessa e ornamentada e
a externa lisa. Mesmo com o crescente interesse pela família, as espécies ainda permanecem muito pouco conhecidas em
diferentes localidades do território brasileiro, como é o caso do Brasil central. Este trabalho relata novas ocorrências de espécies

23 exemplares de cinco espécies, distribuídas em três gêneros, Amauroderma, Foraminispora e Ganoderma. Dessas, uma
é novo registro para o Cerrado (A. exile), quatro são novas para o estado de Goiás A. exile, F. rugosa, G. multiplicatum e G.
stipitatum e uma para o Distrito Federal (G. stipitatum). Amauroderma aurantiacum é novamente registrada para o estado de

Palavras-chave: AmaurodermaForaminispora, Ganoderma, savana brasileira
Introduction
Proposed in 1948, the family Ganodermataceae
(Donk) Donk has approximately 220 species described,
distributed into seven genera (Amauroderma Murrill,
Foraminispora Robledo, Costa-Rezende & Drechsler-
Santos, Furtadoa Costa-Rezende, Robledo &
Drechsler-Santos, Ganoderma   Haddowia
Steyaert, Humphreya Steyaert and Tomophagus
    et al. 2008, Costa-
Rezende et al. 2017). Considered cosmopolitan, the
family has as a distinct characteristic the presence of
double-walled basidiospores, with the inner wall thick
and ornamented and the outer smooth, distinguishing
it from other polyporoid groups. The basidiospore
can be found in globular and ellipsoid shapes
with pigmentation (Gilbertson & Ryvarden 1986,
    
characteristics, as well as the hardness of the pileus,

species (Ryvarden 2004, Gugliotta et al. 2011).
Group of crucial importance in maintaining the
trophic balance, Ganodermataceae species play a
key role in nutrient cycling of ecosystems, causing
white rot in woody tissues (Ryvarden 2004). The
family comprises species of recognized economic
and medicinal value, and some sources of bioactive
compounds are widely studied for biotechnological

2 Hoehnea 47: e852019, 2020
purposes (Zjawiony 2004, Tseng et al. 
et al. 2016).
Species of this family, except the genus Haddowia,
are widely distributed in the tropics with records in
several brazilian ecosystems (Gibertoni & Cavalcanti
2003, Ryvarden 2004, Silveira et al. 2008, Baltazar
& Gibertoni 2009, Campacci & Gugliotta 2009,
Drechsler-Santos et al. 2009, Gomes-Silva & Gibertoni
2009, Gibertoni & Drechsler-Santos 2010, Gugliotta
et al. 2010, Gomes-Silva et al. 2011, Costa-Rezende
et al. 2016, Bononi et al. 2017). However, knowledge
about this family in the Cerrado biome is restricted
to records of 17 species, with a predominance of the
genera Amauroderma and Ganoderma (Gibertoni &
Drechsler-Santos 2010, Abrahão et al. 2012, Maia
et al. 2015, Costa-Rezende et al. 2016, Bononi
et al. 2017). The present study presents new species
occurrences of the family Ganodermataceae for the
brazilian Cerrado and Midwest region.
Material and methods
The specimens studied were collected in Cerrado
areas between 2005 and 2018, usually located
in conservation units (UC) in the State of Goiás:
municipality of Caldas Novas: Parque Estadual da
Serra de Caldas Novas (PESCAN) (17°43'56"S
    
municipality of Rio Quente (17°47'35"S and
    

    
Auguste Saint-Hilaire (BASH) (16º36'26.74"S and

Ecológica of the Universidade Estadual de Goiás
    
     

    
     
     

The Cerrado is considered the second largest
biome in South America and is located in the Central
Plateau of Brazil. 
Tocantins, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do
Sul, Maranhão, Piauí, São Paulo, Minas Gerais,
Distrito Federal, Rondônia and Paraná. This biome
is characterized by physiognomies that encompass
savanna and grassland forest formations, with a mixed
presence of trees, shrubs and undergrowth vegetation,
Figure 1. Location of the study area. a. location of Brazil in South

in the brazilian territory. c. Detail of the States of Goiás and the
Distrito Federal, with the location of the municipalities and the
conservation units where the collections were made.
with a rainy tropical climate with hot summer and dry
       
2005).
      
specimens was based on macro and micromorphological
characters, considering the methodologies adopted by
Teixeira (1995) and Ryvarden (2004). The specimens
were deposited in the Herbarium of the Universidade
Estadual de Goiás (HUEG).
Results and Discussion
     
   
is a new record for the Cerrado (Amauroderma
exile (Berk.) Torrend 1920), are new for the State of
Goiás Foraminispora rugosa (Berk.) Costa-Rezende,
Drechsler-Santos & Robledo 2017, Ganoderma
multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat. 1889 and G. stipitatum
(Murrill) Murrill 1908], one for the Distrito Federal
(G. stipitatum) and A. aurantiacum (Torrend)
Gibertoni & Bernicchia 2008 is recorded again for
the State of Goiás (type locality) 88 years after its
publication.
Amauroderma aurantiacum (Torrend) Gibertoni &
Bernicchia, Mycotaxon 104: 322 (2008).
= Amauroderma macrosporum J.S. Furtado, Revis.
Revision of the genus Amauroderma (Polyporaceae);
Studies based on microstructures of the basidiocarp:
203 (1968).
Figure 2

Leonardo-Silva et al.: Ganodermataceae in brazilian Cerrado 3
Notes: species representative in terms of sampling
and showing resistance to changes in seasonality with
sampling in dry and rainy seasons in the studied areas.
The holotype is reported for the State of Goiás in
1932 (Gibertoni et al.
is recorded again for the State of Goiás after 88 years.
Among the available descriptions for the species
hyphal system, Furtado (1968) and Ryvarden (2004),

trimitic, composed of generative hyphae with clamp
connections; branched thick-walled connective hyphae
and arboriform skeletal hyphae. The second considers
the system as dimitic, composed of generative hyphae
with clamp connections and arboriform skeletal


to A. calcigenum (Berk.) Torrend, distinguished by
the presence of ellipsoid basidiospores. Among the
distinctive characters, the reddish color of basidiome
and globose basidiospores, yellowish with dense
reticles-shaped ornamentation is highlighted.
Amauroderma exile (Berk.) Torrend, Brotéria, ser.
bot. 18: 142 (1920).
Polyporus exilis
Misc. 8: 173 (1856).
Figure 3
Description: see Ryvarden (2004).
Substrate: leaf litter.
Distribution: Brazil, Colombia, Honduras and

there are records for the species in the States of Amapá,
Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso, Pará, Pernambuco,
Figure 2. Amauroderma aurantiacum. a. Basidiome with an
emphasis in the reddish color, long stipe with poroid hymenial
surface, scale = 1 cm. b. Pileus and hymenial surface in detail,

Description: see Gibertoni et al. (2008), Gomes-Silva
et al. (2015).
Substrate: leaf litter.
Distribution: Brazil and Venezuela (Ryvarden 2004).
         
Mato Grosso, Rondônia and São Paulo (Bononi et
al. 1981, Gibertoni et al. 2004, 2007, 2008, Gugliotta
et al. 2011, Gomes-Silva et al. 2015, Costa-Rezende
et al. 2016).
   : Caldas
Novas, Parque Estadual da Serra de Caldas Novas
    
    

S. (2481) (HUEG9929); ibid, 1-V-2008, Xavier-Santos,
     
  

2013, Xavier-Santos, S. (6099) (HUEG10555); ibid,
1-V-2008, Xavier-Santos, S. (2540) (HUEG9934);
    
    
     
Xavier-Santos, S. (3707) (HUEG10650); ibid,
     
    
    


     
Santos, S (6354) (HUEG11878).
Figure 3. Amauroderma exile. a and b. Basidiome with long stipe
and hymenial (a) and abhymenial surfaces (b), scale = 1 cm.
c. Hymenial surface in detail, scale = 1 mm. d. basidiospores,
scale = 5 µm.

4 Hoehnea 47: e852019, 2020
Figure 4. Foraminispora rugosa. a. Basidiome, scale = 1 cm. b.
Hymenial surface in detail, scale = 0.5 mm. c. Basidiospores,
scale = 5 µm.
Material examined: Brazil. 

Notes: the species is characterized for its central to
the lateral stipe, context cream to light brown and
5-6 pores per mm. Still, it can be distinguished from
the other species of the genus by a slightly tomentous
       A.
schomburgkii    
because of the lack of blackened pileal surface
(Gugliotta et al. 2011, Campos-Santana & Loguercio-
Leite 2013). This is a new record for the State of Goiás.
Ganoderma multiplicatum (Mont.) Pat., Bull. Soc.
mycol. Fr. 5 (2,3): 74 (1889).
Polyporus multiplicatus Mont., Annls Sci. Nat., Bot.,
ser. 41: 128 (1854).
Figure 5
Description: see Ryvarden (2004).
Substrate: dead wood.
Distribution: Angola, Argentina, Brazil, China,
   

Venezuela, Zaire and Zambia (Steyaert 1980, Gottlieb

2009, Gomes-Silva & Gibertoni 2009, Bhosle et al.
2010, Gomes-Silva et al. 2011, Bolaños et al. 2016).

of Alagoas, Amazonas, Mato Grosso do Sul, Pará, Rio
de Janeiro, Rondônia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, São
Paulo and Sergipe (Steyaert 1980, Capelari & Maziero
1988, Loguercio-Leite et al. 2005, Drechsler-Santos
et al. 2008, Martins-Júnior et al. 2011, Gomes-Silva
et al. 2011, Gugliotta et al. 2011, Quevedo et al. 2012,
Torres-Torres et al. 2012, Maia et al. 2015).
   : Anápolis,
Universidade Estadual de Goiás, Reserva Ecológica
of the Universidade Estadual de Goiás (REC-UEG),
22-V-2009, Xavier-Santos, S. (3772) (HUEG11881).
Notes: the species is characterized by the sessile
basidiome, lacquer layer, reddish color, and 6-8 pores
per mm. A. multiplicatum is morphologically similar
to G. orbiforme
can be observed through the analysis of microscopic
characters, and G. orbiforme has larger basidiospores
(8.8-10.4 × 6.4 -7.2 m) and cuticle cells with more
developed protuberances (Gugliotta et al. 2011). This
is a new record for the State of Goiás.
Ganoderma stipitatum (Murrill) Murrill, N. Amer. Fl.
(New York) 9 (2): 122 (1908).
 Fomes stipitatus Murrill, Bull. Torrey bot. Club
30(4): 229 (1903).
Figure 6
Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Rondônia and São
Paulo (Gomes-Silva et al. 2015, Maia et al. 2015).
: Caldas Novas,

Notes: the species when fresh, has a typical bright
reddish-brown color that characterizes it. According
to Gomes-Silva et al. (2015) the species resembles
A. elegantissimum    
in the morphology of the basidiospore, since A.
elegantissimum has globose, not ornamented
basidiospores, with 7-10 m. This is a new record for
the Cerrado and for the State of Goiás.
Foraminispora rugosa (Berk.) Costa-Rezende,
Drechsler-Santos & Robledo, in Costa-Rezende,
Robledo, Góes-Neto, Reck, Crespo & Drechsler-
Santos, Persoonia 39: 262 (2017).
Ganoderma sprucei Pat., Bull. Soc. mycol. Fr. 10(2):
75 (1894).
Figure 4
Description: see Decock & Herrera-Figueroa (2006).
Substrate: dead wood.
Distribution: Brazil, Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa
Rica, Cuba, French Guiana, Jamaica, Puerto Rico and
Venezuela (Ryvarden 2004, Decock & Herrera-Figueroa
2006, Campacci & Gugliotta 2009). 
records for the species in the States of Amazonas, Bahia,
Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pará, Paraná, Pernambuco,
Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul, Santa Catarina, São
Paulo and Sergipe (Ryvarden 2004, Gibertoni et al. 2004,
2007, Gugliotta et al. 2011, Drechsler-Santos et al. 2013,
Maia et al. 2015, Costa-Rezende et al. 2016).

Leonardo-Silva et al.: Ganodermataceae in brazilian Cerrado 5
Figure 5. Ganoderma multiplicatum. a and b. Basidiome, hymenial
(a) and abhymenial surfaces (b), scale = 1 cm. c. Hymenial surface
in detail, scale = 0.5 mm. d. Basidiospores, scale = 5 µm.
Figure 6. Ganoderma stipitatum. a and b. Basidiome, hymenial
(a) e abhymenial surfaces (b), scale = 1 cm. c. Hymenial surface
in detail, scale = 1 mm. d. Basidiospores, scale = 5 µm.
Description: see Ryvarden (2004).
Substrate: living trees.
Distribution: Bolivia, Brazil, Costa Rica, Nicaragua,
Peru, Suriname and Venezuela (Ryvarden 2004, Torres-
Torres et al.     
States of Acre, Alagoas, Amazonas, Bahia, Mato Grosso
do Sul, Paraíba, Paraná, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Rio de
Janeiro, Rio Grande do Sul and Rondônia (Steyaert
1980, Capelari & Maziero 1988, Gibertoni et al. 2004,
2007, Gomes-Silva et al. 2011, Martins-Júnior et al.
2011, Torres-Torres et al. 2012, Maia et al. 2015).
    :
Brasília, next to the Universidade de Brasília (UNB),
    
     
E.Q. (31) (HUEG10771); Anápolis: School São

    
(6380) (HUEG11991); Anápolis city, 29-V-2018, Xavier-
Santos, S. (6355) (HUEG11876); Avenida São Francisco,

Notes: according to Ryvarden (2004), this species has
dark resinous bands in the context as a distinguishing
Ganoderma lucidum

(Martins-Júnior et al.
by the hyphal system, dimitic in G. stipitatum and trimitic
in G. lucidum and by the basidiospores, ellipsoid to oblong,
truncate at apex in G. stipitatum and ellipsoid to obovate
in G. lucidum (Groposo & Loguercio-Leite 2002, Singh
et al. 2014). This is a new record for the Distrito Federal
and for the State of Goiás.
o species studied in this work
1. Basidiomata stipitate, with stipe zoned .................................................................................................... F. rugosa
1. Stipitate basidiome, with stipe or substipe without zones
2. Pilear surface glabrous to laccate; basidiospores with truncate apex
2. Pilear surface glabrous to tomentous; basidiospores with globose to subglobose apex
3. Pileus circular to dimidiate, long and irregular stipe, with hymenial surface showing
pore angular to circular (6-8 per mm) ………………………..………………………….... G. stipitatum

to circular (5-6 per mm) .................................................................................................. G. multiplicatum

.............................................................................................................................................. A. aurantiacum
4. Globose to subglobose basidiospores (5-7,6 × 5,3-7,4 A. exile
Acknowledgments
    
To the Fundação
de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Goiás (FAPEG),
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de
Nível Superior (CAPES), Conselho Nacional de
    
for the scholarship awarded to the Lucas Leonardo da
Silva (CN

6 Hoehnea 47: e852019, 2020
and Fungi), Antônio Sergio Ferreira de Sá (CNPq/
     (CAPES/Masters)
and Elida Lucia da Cunha (FAPEG/Masters). To the
reviewers and editors for valuable comments and
editorial preparation of the paper.
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