A novel Pythagorean fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methodology for green supplier selection in the Industry 4.0 era

Abstract

Advances in information and communication technology have created innovator technologies such as cloud computing, Internet of Things, big data analysis and artificial intelligence. These technologies have penetrated production systems and converted them smart. However, this transformation did not only affect production systems, but also differentiated supplier selection processes. In the supplier selection process, the usage of new technologies along with traditional and green criteria extensively has been investigated in recent years. This paper aims to develop a new group decision-making approach based on Industry 4.0 components for selecting the best green supplier by integrating AHP and TOPSIS methods under the Pythagorean fuzzy environment. In the proposed approach, judgments of different experts are expressed by linguistic terms based on Pythagorean fuzzy numbers. The interval-valued Pythagorean Fuzzy AHP method is utilized to determine the criteria weights. The Pythagorean Fuzzy TOPSIS method based on the distances of suppliers is applied to obtain the ranking of the suppliers and determine the most suitable one. Finally, a real case study on an agricultural tools and machinery company is presented to indicate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed selection approach.

Full text

METHODOLOGIES AND APPLICATION
A novel Pythagorean fuzzy AHP and fuzzy TOPSIS methodology
for green supplier selection in the Industry 4.0 era
Ahmet Çalık
1
Published online: 3 September 2020
Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2020
Abstract
Advances in information and communication technology have created innovator technologies such as cloud computing,
Internet of Things, big data analysis and artificial intelligence. These technologies have penetrated production systems and
converted them smart. However, this transformation did not only affect production systems, but also differentiated supplier
selection processes. In the supplier selection process, the usage of new technologies along with traditional and green
criteria extensively has been investigated in recent years. This paper aims to develop a new group decision-making
approach based on Industry 4.0 components for selecting the best green supplier by integrating AHP and TOPSIS methods
under the Pythagorean fuzzy environment. In the proposed approach, judgments of different experts are expressed by
linguistic terms based on Pythagorean fuzzy numbers. The interval-valued Pythagorean Fuzzy AHP method is utilized to
determine the criteria weights. The Pythagorean Fuzzy TOPSIS method based on the distances of suppliers is applied to
obtain the ranking of the suppliers and determine the most suitable one. Finally, a real case study on an agricultural tools
and machinery company is presented to indicate the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed selection approach.
Keywords Green supplier selection Industry 4.0 PFAHP PFTOPSIS
1 Introduction
The green concept which is one of the important paradigms
in supply chain management may be considered as an
organizational philosophy. The concept of green supply
chain management (GSCM) has attracted more attention
due to environmental regulations and consumer pressures
on sustainability (Govindan et al. 2015). GSCM is a form
of management style that integrates structure of environ-
mental thinking into all supply chain operations such as
product design, material selection, purchasing and pro-
duction process across enables companies to gain more
profits and improve their environmental performance by
reducing the effects of environmental risks (Mishra et al.
2019).
The GSCM has to start at the beginning of the supply
chain, namely procurement of raw materials, and continue
at every stage, including recycling or disposal of the
product. It is not sufficient to focus on only greenness at the
inbound supply chain operations for environmental goals
and solutions, and companies should attain the environ-
mental burdens of outbound operations among partners or
stakeholders to raise the performance of their suppliers
(Banaeian et al. 2018). Therefore, suppliers play a vital role
in providing environmental improvements for companies
(Mathiyazhagan et al. 2018). Consequently, companies
have paid attention to the green supplier selection (GSS)
problem while establishing GSCM.
A new and smart (digital) supply chain is created by
accessing more information and technology in modern
supply chains than ever before. In the current digitalization
period, companies are looking for new ways to design
supply chain applications and are increasingly dependent
on the use of ‘‘smart technologies’’ such as smart supply
chain, big data analysis, cloud systems and the Internet of
Things (IoT). With the strategic initiative called ‘‘Industry
4.0,’’ the introduction of smart technologies into produc-
tion processes has led companies to seek more innovative
Communicated by V. Loia.
&Ahmet C¸alık
ahmetcalik51@gmail.com
1
Department of International Trade and Logistics, Faculty of
Economics and Administrative Sciences, KTO Karatay
University, 42020 Karatay, Konya, Turkey
123
Soft Computing (2021) 25:2253–2265
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00500-020-05294-9(0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV)
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