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High efficiency removal of methylene blue dye using κ-carrageenan-poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid)/AQSOA-Z05 zeolite hydrogel composites

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Hemant Mittal at Dubai Electricity and Water Authority
Hemant Mittal
Ali Al-Alili at Dubai Electricity and Water Authority
Ali Al-Alili
Saeed M Alhassan at Khalifa University
Saeed M Alhassan
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Abstract and Figures

This work reports the preparation of zeolite hydrogel composite (ZHC) based on κ-carrageenan (KC) and AQSOA-Z05 zeolite and its potential use in water remediation applications for methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption. The ZHC was synthesized via the graft-copolymerization technique using the crosslinked hydrogel of KC as polymer matrix. Effects of incorporating zeolite particles within the hydrogel matrix on the properties were studied using different characterization techniques such as TEM, X-ray diffraction, SEM and FTIR. The hydrogel composite with 8% loading of zeolite exhibited maximum swelling capacity (3.481%) among the synthesized ZHCs. For MB removal, ZHC adsorbed 99% dye with 0.4 g L−1 adsorbent dose in the neutral pH solution. Furthermore, the adsorption of MB onto ZHC followed pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isotherm models. The ZHC exhibited maximum adsorption capacities of 661.91 at 298.18 K, 674.05 at 308.15 K and 682.67 mgdye gads−1 at 318.15 K. Dye diffusion mechanism partially followed both liquid film and intra-particle diffusion mechanisms. Results obtained from thermodynamics experiments suggested the endothermic nature of the MB adsorption on ZHC. MB was selectively adsorbed from the binary dye mixtures having MB and methyl orange in different concentration ratio. In addition, the ZHC showed excellent adsorption behavior for six continuous adsorption–desorption cycles. Therefore, the synthesized ZHC has all the properties to be used as a potential adsorbent for the treatment of cationic dyes contaminated wastewater.
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ORIGINAL RESEARCH
High efficiency removal of methylene blue dye using j-
carrageenan-poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid)/
AQSOA-Z05 zeolite hydrogel composites
Hemant Mittal .Ali Al Alili .Saeed M. Alhassan
Received: 27 April 2020 / Accepted: 23 July 2020 / Published online: 1 August 2020
ÓSpringer Nature B.V. 2020
Abstract This work reports the preparation of
zeolite hydrogel composite (ZHC) based on j-car-
rageenan (KC) and AQSOA-Z05 zeolite and its
potential use in water remediation applications for
methylene blue (MB) dye adsorption. The ZHC was
synthesized via the graft-copolymerization technique
using the crosslinked hydrogel of KC as polymer
matrix. Effects of incorporating zeolite particles
within the hydrogel matrix on the properties were
studied using different characterization techniques
such as TEM, X-ray diffraction, SEM and FTIR. The
hydrogel composite with 8% loading of zeolite
exhibited maximum swelling capacity (3.481%)
among the synthesized ZHCs. For MB removal,
ZHC adsorbed 99% dye with 0.4 g L
-1
adsorbent
dose in the neutral pH solution. Furthermore, the
adsorption of MB onto ZHC followed pseudo-second-
order and Langmuir isotherm models. The ZHC
exhibited maximum adsorption capacities of 661.91
at 298.18 K, 674.05 at 308.15 K and 682.67 mg
dye
-
g
ads
-1
at 318.15 K. Dye diffusion mechanism partially
followed both liquid film and intra-particle diffusion
mechanisms. Results obtained from thermodynamics
experiments suggested the endothermic nature of the
MB adsorption on ZHC. MB was selectively adsorbed
from the binary dye mixtures having MB and methyl
orange in different concentration ratio. In addition, the
ZHC showed excellent adsorption behavior for six
continuous adsorption–desorption cycles. Therefore,
the synthesized ZHC has all the properties to be used
as a potential adsorbent for the treatment of cationic
dyes contaminated wastewater.
Keywords Hydrogel composite Dye adsorption
Adsorption isotherm Adsorption kinetics
Introduction
With increasing demand of synthetic dyes in different
industrial applications, the problem of water-bodies
contamination by industrial waste containing dye stuff
is also increasing. Dyes containing industrial wastes
also affects aquatic life by reducing the availability of
sunlight (Gupta and Suhas 2009). Methylene blue
(MB) is a basic dye having applications in different
industries such as pharmaceutical, dying and textile
Electronic supplementary material The online version of
this article (https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03365-6) con-
tains supplementary material, which is available to authorized
users.
H. Mittal A. Al Alili (&)
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Khalifa
University of Science and Technology,
PO Box 12778, Abu Dhabi, UAE
e-mail: ali.alalili@ku.ac.ae
S. M. Alhassan
Department of Chemical Engineering, Khalifa University
of Science and Technology, PO Box 127788, Abu Dhabi,
UAE
123
Cellulose (2020) 27:8269–8285
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-020-03365-6(0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV)
Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.
... They have shown that the entrapment of zeolite particles into a porous polymer network was a promising pathway toward overcoming their drawbacks. The combinations of zeolites with some other polymers (poly(dimethylsiloxane) (Adnadjevic and Jovanovic, 2000;Adnadjević et al., 1997), poly(vinyl alcohol) (Viboonratanasri et al., 2021), chitosan (Swaghatha and Cindrella, 2022), polyimide (Li et al., 2020), polysulfone/polyimide (Muntha et al., 2018), polyethylene (Marinković et al., 2022;Marinkovic et al., 2019), xanthan gum-alginate (Zhang et al., 2014), poly(lactic acid) (Yuzay et al., 2010), κ-carrageenan-poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid) (Mittal et al., 2020a), starch-g-poly(acrylic acid) (Zhang et al., 2016), etc.) have been also proposed but rarely in the form of composite hydrogels. Although in most of these composites the idea was not to use zeolites as solely reinforcing fillers, but also as active components and even activity carriers, in the majority of reported literature only up to 10 wt% of zeolite was possible to be embedded in polymeric matrices. ...
... Still, to the best of our knowledge there are only a couple of studies where higher zeolite concentrations were embedded in polymeric networks. Supramolecular spatial organization (structure) of PMAA hydrogels and polymeric composites with zeolites has been investigated in the following works (Junior et al., 2020;Mittal et al., 2020a;Yan et al., 2014;Yuzay et al., 2010;Zhang et al., 2016Zhang et al., , 2017. Yuzay et al. (2010) have determined that the introduction of LTA zeolite in poly(lactic acid) led to the enhanced nuclearization of PLA and the increase in the crystallinity of the composite. ...
... Crystal architectures of LTA zeolite have been also retained after integration in alginate and xanthan gum-alginate biopolymers (Zhang et al., 2014). Investigating the structure of the κ-carrageenan-poly(acrylamide-co-methacrylic acid)/AQSOA-Z05 zeolite hydrogel composites, Mittal et al. (2020a) have concluded that the AQSOA-Z05 zeolite particles were successfully incorporated within the employed polymeric matrix in the way of the wrapping of zeolite particles between different polymeric chains indicating the growth of hydrogel polymer around zeolite particles. Junior et al. (2020) have determined that the structures of the PMAA hydrogel and its composites with laponite were predominantly amorphous, but with domains with ordering at very small interplane distances, the so called short-range order, that correspond to 2θ = 15.5 • and 2θ = 30.7 • reflections in XRD patterns. ...
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