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Android Controlled Solar based Grass Cutter
Robot
M/s. Snehal Popat Jagdale
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication,
Dr. D Y Patil school of engineering academy Ambi,
Talegaon, India
Prof. Priti Rajput
Department of Electronics & Telecommunication,
Dr. D Y Patil school of engineering academy Ambi,
Talegaon, India
Abstract— Manual grass cutting requires man power, time
and it may create non-uniform structure of grass height. Hence
to avoid all these issues it is essential to create a system which
can cut the grass without any human involvement. This research
implements the grass cutting robot which has battery which can
be charged by solar energy. This robot can be operated using
android phone. This system can be created with minimum cost
as compared to other existing systems. This is rugged, durable
and maintenance free. This system is pollution free due to the
use of solar energy to charge the battery.
Keywords— Android, Bluetooth, Grass Cutter, Solar Energy
I. INTRODUCTION
The automation is useful at various stages of human life.
The beautiful evenly cut grass increases the beauteousness of
any hotel, house, park, meeting hall etc. Hence uniform grass
cutting is important to maintain the prestige of any house or
hotel. The manual grass cutting is possible using human being
but it usually consumes time and energy of human being. Also
the manual grass cutting is inefficient and many time results in
non-uniform structure of grass. Hence to avoid all these issues
it is better to use automated grass cutting robot machine which
can be operated through android phone.
This research implements the android operated grass
cutting robot. This system establishes connection with android
phone using Bluetooth. This robots motion includes following
motions forward, backward, left turn, right turn and grass
cutter on/off. All these motions are controlled by android
application. This robot is operated by using 12V 7.5AH
battery. To charge this battery solar panel is connected above
the battery.
Many researchers have proposed a similar design of solar
based grass cutting robot. Firas B. Ismail et al. [1]
implemented a design in which the blades of cutter are placed
at the middle of four wheels of robot. This will creates
disturbance during the grass cutting process. If the size of
grass is larger, this will stop the wheel and hence this system
cannot be used in a efficient manner. Bincy Abraham et al. [2]
and Mallikarjun Mudda et al. [3] proposed a similar system of
grass cutting robot. But this system cannot control by android
smart phone. It has ultrasonic sensor which can detects the
obstacle. This system automatically changes its path if the
sensor senses any obstacle. Also this system does not contain
four wheels. Hence sometimes it creates a problem of
balancing in real time working scenario. Rishabh Gupta et al.
[4] published a survey paper on solar based grass cutting
robot. They had explained the various similar systems and
their pros and cons. Sagar V. Palve et al. [5] implemented a
similar system but this paper failed to show the actual model
of the system.
II. MATERIAL AND METHODS
A. Material
This system uses following material and components,
i) Arduino with AT mega 328P microcontroller
Arduino is an open-source embedded system platform
platform. This research uses Arduino platform with
ATmega328P microcontroller. This microcontroller has 28
pins and it is cheaper and efficient as compared to other
microcontrollers. Any new C++ language code can be first
tested in arduino-1.6.7-windows software. After verifying this
code, it can be loaded into the Arduino platform using simple
USB cable connected between PC and Arduino kit. The figure
1 below shows the Arduino IDE kit along with ATmega328P
microcontroller.
Figure 1:-Arduino with ATmega328P microcontroller
ii) LCD Display
This research uses 16 by 2 LCD (Liquid Crystal Display)
screen to display the direction of movement of this system. It
also shows the ON and OFF status of Grass Cutter. This is a
preferable module over seven segment and multi segment
LED modules. This is because it is economical and it can
show any special and custom character, animations and so on.
This module can show 16 characters on each line and it has 2
such lines. Each character is on this LCD module is displayed
in 5*7 pixel matrix. This LCD consists of Command Register
to store the commands provided to this module. The Data
International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181http://www.ijert.org
IJERTV9IS070276 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
Published by :
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750
Register in LCD module is used to store the data displayed on
LCD display. Figure 2 below shows the 16*2 LCD module.
Figure 2:- 16*2 LCD Module
iii) Bluetooth Module
This research uses an Arduino, HC-06 bluetooth module to
transfer the commands from android smart phone to the
system. This HC-06 bluetooth module is mounted on the
system along with some relays. Initially user connects its
smart phone with this module. After a successful connection
user can provide the desired direction change command to the
system from maximum 10-meter distance. Also, user can
switch ON and OFF the grass cutter through its mobile using
the android application.
HC-06 bluetooth module is mainly used for short-range
wireless connectivity. This is economical and durable module
as compared to other existing bluetooth modules. Figure 3
below shows the HC-06 bluetooth module.
Figure 3: - HC-06 bluetooth module
iv) DC Motor
This system uses 4 DC motors of 12V rating to which 4
wheels are connected. This motor converts DC electrical input
into mechanical energy by rotational motion of shaft. This
motor is cheaper and requires less electrical voltage for its
operation as compared to other similar motors. The figure 4
below shows the DC motor.
Figure 4: - DC motor
v) Motor Driver IC
The DC motor in this system is connected with analog
output pin of ATmega328P microcontroller. But this
microcontroller can produces maximum 5V of DC output
voltage. The DC motor connected with this system requires
12V DC input voltage to operate. Hence L293D motor driver
IC is connected between microcontroller output pin and DC
motor input. This IC acts as a current amplifier. It takes low
current signal from microcontroller and after amplification
provides high current signal to DC motor. This high current
signal is useful to drive the DC motor. L293D consist of two
inbuilt H-bridge driver circuits. Simultaneous operation of two
DC motors is possible in common mode of this IC. Input logic
at pins 2 and 7 and 10 and 15 controls the operation of two
motors. To stop the first motor input logic 00 is used. Logic
11 is used to stop the other motor. Logic 01 and 10 will the
motor clockwise and anticlockwise directions, respectively.
Pin 1 and 9 are enable pins for two connected motors. To start
this motors the enable pin of this motor must be high. The
figure 5 below shows the motor driver IC L239D.
Figure 5: - Motor driver IC L239D
vii) Solar Panel
This system uses 12V, 10-Watt solar panel. It has
aluminum frame and its surface is made up with tampered
glass material. This panel is consists of mono crystalline
silicon. This panel is compact, lightweight and economical as
compared to other existing panels of similar rating. Figure 6
below shows the solar panel.
Figure 6: - 12V, 10 W solar panel
B. Methods
This research uses DC 12V 7.5AH battery supply to
operate whole system. This battery is connected with solar
panel. Hence solar energy is used to charge this battery. This
system has 4 DC motors to which 4 wheels are connected and
the blades for grass cutting are connected at the front side of
this system. To operate this system the connection must be
established between this system and android smart phone.
International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181http://www.ijert.org
IJERTV9IS070276 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
Published by :
www.ijert.org
Vol. 9 Issue 07, July-2020
751
Both these are connected using Bluetooth. After the successful
connection the user can operate this system using android
application installed on smart phone. User can switch ON and
OFF the grass cutter. Also, he can move this grass cutter in
vertical and horizontal direction. The figure 7 below shows
the complete system.
Figure 7: - Proposed system
III. PROPOSED FRAMEWORK
The figure 8 below shows the block diagram of proposed
framework.
Figure 8: - Block Diagram
As shown in figure 8 above, Solar Panel is connected to
battery. Battery provides 12 V DC supply to the system which
can be minimized to 5V DC voltage using voltage regulator.
The Arduino is operated with 5V DC voltage. The LCD
module, Bluetooth module, DC motors, buzzer are connected
with output pins of ATmega328P microcontroller.
Figure 9 below shows the flowchart of the system.
Figure 9: -
Flowchart of the system
As shown in figure 9 above, initially the 12 V battery
supply needed to start. This supply will be converted into 5V
DC supply using voltage regulator. This 5V supply will be
provided to microcontroller. The Bluetooth module needed to
be started and connected to the android smart phone. Once the
connection is established between the smart phone and the
system, user can move this system in vertical and horizontal
direction using android application in smart phone. User will
start the grass cutter to cut the grass of desired location. After
completing grass cutting task, user will switch OFF the grass
cutter using android smart phone. Then the main system can
be switched OFF by disconnecting the 12V battery supply to
the system.
IV.
PROS,
CONS
AND
APPLICATIONS
Pros:
a)
Portable structure with Compact size
b)
Simple operation
c)
Less cost
No
Yes
Start
Start the system by providing 12 V DC supply
Connect the system with Android Smart Phone
Switch off the supply from battery
Whether the
connection
established?
Start the grass cutter
Move the system in forward, backward, left and
right direction
Stop the grass cutter
Stop
d) Uniform grass cutting is possible
e) Reduces human efforts
Cons:
This system cannot be operated in presence of rain.
Application:
This system can be used to cut the grass of cricket ground,
football ground, garden etc.
International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181http://www.ijert.org
IJERTV9IS070276 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
Published by :
www.ijert.org
Vol. 9 Issue 07, July-2020
752
V.
CONCLUSION
This
research shows the implementation of smart phone
operated grass cutter. This grass cutter can be operated using
android smart phone within a 10 meter range. The user can
perform horizontal and vertical movement of grass cutter
using android application in
smart phone. This system uses
12V 7.5AH lead acid battery. This battery can be charge by
solar energy. To charge this battery the 12V, 10Watt solar
panel is connected with this system. This system is cheaper,
rugged and durable.
With the use of this system human efforts for grass cutting
are highly minimized. Also,
manual grass cutting can create
non-uniform grass size. But with the use of this system the
grass cutting is uniform,
and one can use this system to cut
the grass of any playground.
VI.
FUNDING
This research is self-funded. The author of this paper invested
the complete amount to create this system.
VII.
CONFLICT
OF
INTEREST
All the
authors of this publication declare that they have no
any conflict of interest for publication of this research.
VIII.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Authors acknowledge the guidance provided by Prof. Preeti
Rajut to complete this research. Also head of E&TC
department of D. Y. Patil College of Engineering, Ambi
Talegaon,Pune motivated us to complete this research.
IX.
DECLARATION
This research does not perform experiment on any living
thing such as human participant or animals.
X.
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International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT)
ISSN: 2278-0181http://www.ijert.org
IJERTV9IS070276 (This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.)
Published by :
www.ijert.org
Vol. 9 Issue 07, July-2020
753
