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Improving safety of off highway trucks through GPS
Abstract
GPS technology is being used efficiently in large open pit mines within truck dispatch systems and field surveying. In large open pit mines, the pit maps and dump maps are being built in real time and can be transferred directly to the on-board computers of the trucks. With the existing GPS equipment already on board, one can quickly determine exact coordinates of a given truck within sub meter accuracy and evaluate if a given truck is dangerously close to the dumping edge of a waste dump.
At the Colorado School of Mines there is an ongoing research project on improving truck safety and productivity through GPS and wireless mobile equipment computer network system. This paper will present the current progress on this work and discuss various issues that were needed to overcome in development of a rugged, reliable system.
... The latest development in the science of proximity warning is the application of GPS hardware and software to display vehicle locations and calculate distances between vehicles [3,4,5,6,7]. New GPS efforts have been made possible by the proliferation of GPS technology in mining to achieve efficient routing of haulage trucks, and also to the reduction in size and cost of GPS systems [8,9,10,11,12]. ...
... Several studies are being performed on various equipment types and sizes to determine what the best proximity zones are for each piece of equipment [8,13,15]. The proximity zones surrounding different equipment types must be determined based on individual equipment size and characteristics. ...
... Once the proximity zones are determined, they are loaded in the internal computer to define range and to properly activate the warning or lock out signal. The proper proximity zones size and shape of different vehicles are currently being investigated to correctly activate the system and lock the vehicle transmission, efforts on this matter are being carried out by T. Ruff, K. Dagdelen, and A. Nieto [8,13,15] . ...
Each year there are several serious accidents caused by larger equipment running over smaller equipment and personnel-some of them are fatality events. Based on MSHA, the most run over accidents have occurred when the equipment moves from a rest condition. Usually this kind of incident is because the operator assumes incorrectly that the area around the vehicle is clear and the operator sets in motion the vehicle from a rest condition causing the incident. These Incidents resulted in lost of lives, equipment, and production time. The envisioned solution is to inhibit the vehicle ability to move if the surrounding area is not cleared. The proximity warning and transmission locking mechanism system described in this paper involves the development of an in-rest vehicle proximity system (iR-VPS), and the design of a simple transmission lock placed in haul trucks. From 1984 to 2003, there were eight fatal incidents in the US and dozens of serious accidents that could be prevented with the use of a vehicle proximity system and a transmission lock.
... The latest development in the science of proximity warning is the application of GPS hardware and software to display vehicle locations and calculate distances between vehicles [3,4,5,6,7]. New GPS efforts have been made possible by the proliferation of GPS technology in mining to achieve efficient routing of haulage trucks, and also to the reduction in size and cost of GPS systems [8,9,10,11,12]. ...
... Several studies are being performed on various equipment types and sizes to determine what the best proximity zones are for each piece of equipment [8,13,15]. The proximity zones surrounding different equipment types must be determined based on individual equipment size and characteristics. ...
... Once the proximity zones are determined, they are loaded in the internal computer to define range and to properly activate the warning or lock out signal. The proper proximity zones size and shape of different vehicles are currently being investigated to correctly activate the system and lock the vehicle transmission, efforts on this matter are being carried out by T. Ruff, K. Dagdelen, and A. Nieto [8,13,15] . ...
Each year there are several serious accidents caused by larger equipment running over smaller equipment and personnel-some of them are fatality events. Based on MSHA, the most run over accidents have occurred when the equipment moves from a rest condition. Usually this kind of incident is because the operator assumes incorrectly that the area around the vehicle is clear and the operator sets in motion the vehicle from a rest condition causing the incident. These Incidents resulted in lost of lives, equipment, and production time. The envisioned solution is to inhibit the vehicle ability to move if the surrounding area is not cleared. The proximity warning and transmission locking mechanism system described in this paper involves the development of an in-rest vehicle proximity system (iR-VPS), and the design of a simple transmission lock placed in haul trucks. From 1984 to 2003, there were eight fatal incidents in the U.S. and dozens of serious accidents that could be prevented with the use of a vehicle proximity system and a transmission lock.
... An ordinary GPS can offer real-time positioning with an accuracy of 10-100 m and is typically used for vehicle tracking. The coordinate series displayed in a GIS map on-board or remotely through mobile-communication, such as general packet radio service (GPRS), improved truck safety and productivity (Dagdelen and Nieto-Vega, 2001;Li et al., 2005;Luo et al., 2009;Nieto and Dagdelen, 2001;). Track points of GPS also were used to measure the delay time of vehicles in waste transfer stations (Wilson and Vincent, 2008); integration of GPS and GIS could link more precise and accurate geographic data to waste samples and sites (Kaletsky et al., 1996); and integration of GPS and ultrasonic collision avoidance was used to control a self-guided tracked vehicle to clean hazardous waste (Roy et al., 1996). ...
Environmental informatics has experienced extraordinarily rapid progress in the past decade and has made an invaluable contribution to planning, design, and operations for waste management. In many cases, however, the roles of these information technologies have been limited to stand-alone projects without synergistic effects. This article presents a holistic view and an in-depth discussion of environmental informatics applied to solid and hazardous waste management from the onset to the present status, and to future trends aiming to advance the management potential. With regard to building, maintaining, and developing knowledge-based or artificial intelligence systems, the spectrum of environmental informatics for solid and hazardous waste management can be classified into five categories: database system, geographical information system, decision support system, expert system, and integrated environmental information system. Supporting technologies in the integrated environmental information system can be further divided into five classes in a logical order to enhance understanding: data acquisition, data communication, data and knowledge storage, data mining and knowledge discovery, and data and knowledge utilization. This critical review article may help create sustainable development strategies from a local solution to global opportunities that will elevate environmental informatics to a new level in dealing with more complex problems and large-scale applications for integrated solid and hazardous waste management
31st International Symposium on Application of Computers and Operations Research in the Mineral Industry (APCOM) 2003
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