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First Description of Cannabis Use in 1675

January 2019

January 2019

DOI:10.13140/RG.2.2.15228.39042

Conference: ThatChannel

Authors:

Centre of Forensic Sciences, Toronto, Canada (1976-2005)

Part 9 in my forensic toxicology of cannabis and alcohol series on YouTube is a historical review of the first recorded English description of cannabis use in 1675, which is relevant for our time.

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James Wigmore

James Wigmore

Forensic Toxicologist

Forensic Toxicologist

First Description of

First Description of

Cannabis Use in 1675

Cannabis Use in 1675

James Wigmore (www.irwinlaw.com)

James Wigmore (www.irwinlaw.com)

Centre of Forensic Sciences, 1976-2005

Centre of Forensic Sciences, 1976-2005



Testied in over 700 criminal trials throughout

Testied in over 700 criminal trials throughout

Canada, cited by SCC

Canada, cited by SCC

Published over 70 scientic papers

Published over 70 scientic papers

2

British East India Company

British East India Company

(1600-1708)

(1600-1708)

Thomas Bowrey, A British Merchant

Thomas Bowrey, A British Merchant

Sailor described using Bhang in India

Sailor described using Bhang in India

in 1675.

in 1675.

Bhang and Ganja

Bhang and Ganja

Effects of Bhang

Effects of Bhang

Smoking, very

Smoking, very

speedy

speedy

Chew it or bhang

Chew it or bhang

Doesn’t mention

Doesn’t mention

milk (needed to

milk (needed to

dissolve THC)

dissolve THC)

Magnies

Magnies

existing feelings

existing feelings

Effects of Bhang

Effects of Bhang

Bowrey’s Conclusion

Bowrey’s Conclusion

Expert Testimony Tips

Expert Testimony Tips

(www.wigmoreonalcohol.com)

(www.wigmoreonalcohol.com)

Thanks to

Thanks to

Chris, technical wizard

Chris, technical wizard

Dee, producer

Dee, producer

That Channel.com

That Channel.com

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.

Conference Paper

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The concept of harm reduction has for a long time been discussed mainly related to opiate injection. The objective of the present paper is to review the application of the concept regarding several other substances: alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, and party drugs.

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Prevalence and correlates of treatment utilization among adults with cannabis use disorder in the Un...

May 2017 · Drug and Alcohol Dependence

Background: The increase in cannabis potency may have treatment implications for cannabis use disorder (CUD). Given the reported increase in prevalence of cannabis use among adults, there is a need to understand substance use treatment needs for CUD. Methods: We examined demographics and behavioral health indicators of adults aged ≥18 years that met criteria for past-year CUD (n=10,943) in the ... [Show full abstract] 2005-2013 National Surveys on Drug Use and Health. We determined prevalence and correlates of past-year treatment use for alcohol/drug, any drug, and cannabis use related problems, to inform treatment efforts for CUD. Results: The majority of adults with past-year CUD were young adults aged 18-25 or men, had low income, and did not attend college. Two-thirds of adults with CUD met criteria for cannabis dependence, which was comparatively common among younger adults, women, low-income or publicly insured adults, and college-educated adults. Nicotine dependence (40.92%) and alcohol (44.07%) or other drug use disorder (19.70%) were prevalent among adults with CUD. Overall, less than 13% of adults with CUD had received alcohol/drug use treatment the past year; only 7.8% received cannabis-specific treatment. There was no significant yearly variation in treatment use prevalence over 9 years. In particular, Asian-Americans, women, and college-educated adults underutilized cannabis-specific treatment. Conclusions: This large sample of adults with CUD reveals pervasive underutilization of cannabis-related treatment, especially in women, married adults, and those with college education, despite a high proportion of comorbid behavioral health problems.

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Cannabis treatments in obstetrics and genecology: a historical review

January 2002

Ethan Budd Russo

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The usual suspects: Alcohol, tobacco and other drug use in 15- to 6-year-old school pupils - prevale...

August 2005 · Drugs: Education Prevention and Policy

This paper presents the findings of a five-year study of year-11 pupils (15–16 years old), based on a sample drawn from seven schools in the North West of England. It examines: use, feelings about close friend’s use and perceptions of the health-related risks of specific drugs. The findings conform with those examining other similar populations, in identifying that ‘The Usual Suspects’, alcohol, ... [Show full abstract] tobacco and cannabis are the predominant drugs used by young people at 15–16. The reported use of alcohol and tobacco has remained consistent throughout the course of the study. However, beliefs about the health risks of these drugs have altered over the five-year period. The picture for cannabis has changed in terms of use and feelings about use; pointing to a continued process of normalization for this drug. The paper places the findings in the context of other recent studies; the specific value of the current study arises from the use of pupils from the same schools on a year on year basis (giving a total sample of 4059).