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New and rare orchid species (Orchidaceae) in the flora of Cambodia and Laos
Abstract and Figures
The herbarium material collected in 2012–2017 in Cambodia and Laos provides data on 281 new localities of 110 orchid species from 48 genera for Laos, and 4 new localities of 4 species from 4 genera for Cambodia. Among them, 3 species present new records for the flora of Cambodia (Eria ochracea Rolfe, Luisia macrotisRchb. fil., Trichoglottis seidenfadenii Aver.); 1 genus (Abdominea J. J. Sm.), and 13 species are new to the flora of Laos (Abdominea minimiflora (Hook. fil.) J. J. Sm., Bulbophyllum nanopetalum Seidenf., Chiloschista parishii Seidenf., Cleisostoma tricornutum Aver., Didymoplexis vietnamica Ormerod, Gastrochilus hainanensis Z. H. Tsi, Hetaeria alata Ridl., Malleola seidenfadenii Christenson, Phaius takeoi (Hayata) H. J. Su, Sarcoglyphis yunnanensis Z. H. Tsi, Schoenorchis fragrans (E. C. Parish et Rchb. fil.) Seidenf. et Smitinand, Thrixspermum fragrans Ridl., T. hystrix (Blume) Rchb. fil.). One new species is described, Bulbophyllum pseudorufinum Aver. The reported data provide a substantial basis for the understanding of the present-day distribution of rare species in Eastern Indochina.
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... There we noticed that litt le had been added to the 164 species reported for Cambodia by Seidenfaden (1992). Now, seven years later, we are aware of at least 308 species having been found growing naturally in the country, partly through new records published in the literature (Averyanov, 2013;Tagane et al., 2015;Averyanov et al. 2016aAveryanov et al. , 2016bAveryanov et al. , 2018Gale et al., 2016;Nuraliev et al., 2016;Suetsugu et al., 2017), partly through photographs shared with us by Cedric Jancloes, Khou Eang Hourt and Song Det, and partly through plants found during our own fi eldwork (Schuiteman, 2016;Schuiteman et al., 2016aSchuiteman et al., , 2016bSchuiteman et al., , 2017. In this paper, we document fi rst records of 25 additional orchid species in Cambodia based on material collected during fi eldwork between 2013 and 2018 and subsequently cultivated in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (UK), and at the Forestry Administration in Phnom Penh. ...
Twenty-five new records of orchid species for Cambodia are reported, including nine new generic records for the genera Acanthophippium, Adenoncos, Didymoplexiella, Eria sensu stricto, Erythrodes, Phreatia, Pomatocalpa, Seidenfadenia and Thunia. There is a growing interest in orchids in Cambodia, which has led to substantial ex situ cultivation efforts. At the same time, better in situ protection is needed. Important habitats need to be identified, for which the methodology for the designation of Important Plant Areas would be suitable.
... (Reichenbach 1872: 275)* 26. B. nanopetalum 60)** (Averyanov et al. 2018b) 27. B. nematocaulon Ridley (1920: 197)* 28. ...
The paper provides a short review of Bulbophyllum species recorded in Laos and Vietnam during the two last decades and continues the publication of results of our successive studies of the genus in this area. It presents data on two new species for science discovered in Laos (Bulbophyllum pachypodum) and Vietnam (B. neglectipetalum), one lesser known species for the flora of Laos (B. microtepalum), two new records for the flora of Vietnam (B. echinulus, B. setilabium), and new illustrated data on B. secundum insufficiently known in the flora of Vietnam. Bulbophyllum fascinator earlier accepted in specific rank reduced into the synonymy of B. putidum on the base of studies of newly obtained materials. Taking into consideration the new data presented in this paper, the flora of Laos presently includes 85, and flora of Vietnam 151 Bulbophyllum species, excluding Monomeria, Trias, and Sunipia. It is the largest genus in the orchid floras of both countries.
... Three species were hitherto recorded in China (Chen et al. 2009, Lin et al. 2016, Zhou et al. 2016 and Vietnam (Averyanov 2011). Two species were found in Sri Lanka (Fernando & Ormerod 2008) and Laos (Averyanov et al. 2016(Averyanov et al. , 2018. Floras of most other Asian regions such as Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Japan, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and the Philippines include only one species (Garay & Sweet 1974, Seidenfaden & Wood 1992, Comber 2001, Pearce & Cribb 2002, Kress et al. 2003, Rokaya et al. 2013, Islam et al. 2016. ...
Didymoplexis Griffith (1844: 383) belongs to a group of morphologically close genera, which also includes Asian genera, Gastrodia R.Brown (1810: 330), Didymoplexiella Garay (1954: 33) and Didymoplexiopsis Seidenfaden (1997: 13). All these plants are small, terrestrial, leafless mycoheterotrophic herbs forming the core of the subtribe Gastrodiinae Lindley (1840: 383) of tribe Gastrodieae Lindley (1821: Appendix), subfamily Epidendroideae Lindley (1821: Appendix). Two-lipped flower and column lacking distinct wings or appendages are main generic characters that distinguish Didymoplexis from related genera of this subtribe. Didymoplexis comprises about 20 species distributed mostly in tropical Africa, Asia, Australia and the Pacific Islands (Zhou et al. 2016, Govaerts et al. 2018). All species of this genus are miniature ephemeral herbs with small, unattractive fugacious flowers opening in one or two in succession and lasting commonly only one day, often only in the morning hours. As a result, representatives of this genus are easily overlooked in botanical surveys, poorly represented in herbaria (where they are often hardly recognized without additional spirit or photographic material) and remain infrequently inventoried in local floras throughout its range. According to available records (Fig. 1), the highest species diversity of Didymoplexis is observed in Java with 6 species (Comber 1990). Thailand (Pedersen et al. 2014) and Borneo (Wood & Cribb 1994, Tsukaya & Okada 2012, Tsukaya et al. 2014, Suetsugu et al. 2017) are inhabited by 5 species each. Three species were hitherto recorded in China (Chen et al. 2009, Lin et al. 2016, Zhou et al. 2016) and Vietnam (Averyanov 2011). Two species were found in Sri Lanka (Fernando & Ormerod 2008) and Laos (Averyanov et al. 2016, 2018). Floras of most other Asian regions such as Afghanistan, India, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Japan, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and the Philippines include only one species (Garay & Sweet 1974, Seidenfaden & Wood 1992, Comber 2001, Pearce & Cribb 2002, Kress et al. 2003, Rokaya et al. 2013, Islam et al. 2016). The presence of several species of Didymoplexis in Cambodia is highly possible, despite none of them were recorded there to date. One more species new to science that clearly differs from all hitherto known species of this genus was recently discovered in northern Vietnam, close to the Laos border. Here we describe and illustrate this remarkable plant as Didymoplexis holochelia.
Five new species of Thrixspermum (Orchidaceae) are described from Thailand, two from sect. Dendrocolla: T. alboluteum (South-West floristic region), T. praetermissum (East); and three from sect. Thrixspermum: T. simile (South-East), T. flammeum (East), T. polystictum (East). Descriptions, illustrations, notes on distribution, ecology, phenology, conservation status, and morphological comparisons with allied species are provided. Thrixspermum musciflorum and its variety nilagiricum are reduced to the synonymy of T. formosanum. Thrixspermum album is reduced to the synonymy of T. pulchellum. We select a lectotype and an epitype for T. trichoglottis (Hook.f.) Kuntze and provide a detailed description of this common but so far incompletely known species.
The Cambodian Journal of Natural History (ISSN 2226–969X) is an open access journal published by the Centre for Biodiversity Conservation, Royal University of Phnom Penh. The Centre for Biodiversity Conservation is a non-profit making unit dedicated to training Cambodian biologists and to the study and conservation of Cambodian biodiversity.
A new species Thymus kamelinii Vasjukov is described from Ukok Plateau in the Altai Republic. It differs from the closest T. mongolicus (Ronniger) Ronniger by stems ending with generative shoots and wider leaves.
A new species of Allium from Western Tien Shan (Kirghizia) is described, Allium sarychelekense Krassovsk., closely related to A. arkitense R. M. Fritsch. The both taxa are endemic to the eastern part of the Fergana Valley, and are affi liated to the section Acmopetala R. M. Fritsch, subgen. Melanocrommyum (Webb et Berthel.) Rouy.
The paper reports the first record of Trifolium patens Schreb. (≡ Сhrysaspis patens (Schreb.) Holub) (Fabaceae) for the flora of Caucasus from the territory of Azerbaij an Republic. The plant was collected in 1941 by A. Grossheim, and is stored in the Herbarium BAK. Morphological description of the species and characteristic of its habitat are given.
A checklist of 4 species and 2 varieties of Corydalis DC. occurring in Yakutia with a key for their determination is presented. Information on the types of both accepted names and main synonyms, descriptions, details of ecology and distribution in accordance with the administrative division of Yakutia is cited. New data obtained by the author during field research have been taken into account in distribution maps.
On the base of a critical review of the material kept in the most of main European and some Asian Herbaria, a synopsis of the genus Stachys L. section Satureoides R. Bhattacharjee is given. The description of the section is enlarged (calyx 5–10(15)-veined, upper floral leaves often with short spinescent tip, stamens slightly exserted from the corolla tube). The section is represented by 4 species distributed in Turkey, Syria, Iraq and Iran. The keys for determination of its species and infraspecific taxa are compiled. The data on main synonyms, ecology, geographical distribution and types are given. The lectotypes of S. satureioides Montbret et Aucher ex Benth., S. ramosissima Montbret et Aucher ex Benth., S. burgsdorffioides (Benth.) Boiss. and S. burgsdorffioides subsp. ladanoides Hand.-Mazz. are designated.
Based on a comparative study of herbarium material and field observations, it is proposed to restore the name Astragalus psiloglottis Steven ex DC., used previously as a synonym of A. oxyglottis Steven ex M. Bieb. Two related species reliably differ in a number of characters and are geographically isolated.
Five new species of the family Poaceae are described from the Russian Far East: Agrostis czernjaginae Prob. (sect. Trichodium) (revealed chromosome number 2n = 42) from thermal springs of Kamchatka, Bromopsis kozhevnikovii Prob. (sect. Rhizomatosae) from high mountains of Dusse-Alin Range in the Khabarovsk Territory, Poa amurica Prob. (sect. Stenopoa) from Selemdzha River in the Amur Region, Koeleria dersu Prob. et Prokopenko (sect. Koeleria) from the eastern macroslope of Sikhote-Alin in the Primorye Territory, Agrostis × lapenkoi Prob. (probably, intersectional hybrid: A. giganteaRoth × A. clavata Trin.) from Ussuri River basin, also in the Primorye Territory.
A new species Calligonum inerme Kamelin, Gorelova et A. Pavlenko is described from the Badkhyz highland in South-East Turkmenistan. This species is similar to C. junceum (Fisch. et C. A. Mey.) Litv. by habit and morphology of vegetative organs, but differs from this and other species of the genus Calligonum L. by glabrous nutlets without wings or bristles.
The new peculiar species Fritillaria tunievii Gabrielian with twin flowers is described from Urts mountain range in Yerevan fl oristic region of Armenia. Revision of herbarium collections of related species revealed this species to grow also in Aragats, Aparan and Darelegis floristic regions of Armenia, and even in North-East Anatolia. Description, holotype image, distinguishing features from F. hajastanica (Gabrielian) Gabrielian, F. caucasica Adams and F. assyriaca Baker, the map of distribution of the species and photos of plants are enclosed.
The paper contains results of fi eld observations of plants and cameral research of herbarium specimens kept in the Herbarium of Komarov Botanical Institute (LE), included in the aggregate Draba cinerea Adams s. l. (D. cinerea, D. arctica J. Vahl, D. arctogena (E. Ekman) E. Ekman, D. oblongata R. Br. ex DC., D. parvisiliquosa Tolm., D. taimyrensis Tolm.). The problem of differentiation and identification of the taxa comprising the aggregate is discussed. The distribution of several species is clarified. Three new species are described from the Northern Russia: D. metaarctica Petrovsky, D. tolmatchevii Petrovsky and D. tundrostepposa Petrovsky. A key for determination of the species of the aggregate is given.