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The scientific research on ecosystem services: A bibliometric analysis
Abstract
The scientific research on ecosystem services (ES) has grown substantially over the past ten years, making more evident the vital role played by natural ecosystems in support of human economy and well-being. Several studies showed that biodiversity represents a fundamental part of the Earth’s life support system. Biodiversity considerably affects ecosystem functioning while contributing to the provision of different types of ES. The increasing ecological awareness of scientists, citizens, and policy makers on the importance of natural capital stocks and ES flows boosted nature conservation strategies and the development of more environmental friendly production processes. In this study, we explored the global scientific literature on ES over the last thirty years. The software VOSviewer was used to create maps based on network data of scientific publications displaying relationships among scientific journals, researchers, and countries. Specific keywords were finally used to explore the co-occurrence of different terms connected to the research on ES. Results show that the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment had a major impact on the scientific literature dealing with the ES concept. The top country researching on ES was USA, while the top journal was Ecological Economics. In terms of co-occurrence, the top keywords were “biodiversity”, “management”, “conservation”, and “climate change”. This study identified the main research areas characterizing the scientific literature on ES. Social network analysis and maps based on network data make possible the application of systems thinking in bibliometric science. This type of analysis allows for the investigation of research development in specific fields of science, capturing the interdisciplinarity of research topics crossing the boundary of specific disciplines, as it is the case of ES.
... The availability of natural resources ensures a life support system vital for human well-being while setting the ecological limits for the development of human economy. Still, multiple human pressures on natural ecosystems cause biodiversity loss and, as a consequence, seriously affect the capability of natural ecosystems to provide flows of goods and services (Cardinale et al., 2012;Pauna et al., 2018;Vihervaara et al., 2019;Sebastiani et al., 2021). ...
... Moreover, management and protection policies, such as MPAs, are recognized worldwide as important tools for mitigating human impacts on marine ecosystems, conserving natural capital stocks and ensuring the delivery of ecosystem services needed for human well-being (Pauna et al., 2018;. ...
... In recent years, researchers have explored many ways to optimize the detection and monitoring of microplastics in sediments, seawater, and organisms to effectively demonstrate their potential ecological harm. However, there still lacks a comprehensive understanding of how microplastics are transferred towards marine trophic webs, affecting natural capital stocks and their capacity to provide ecosystem services on which human well-being relies Pauna et al., 2018;. ...
... The availability of natural resources ensures a life support system vital for human well-being while setting the ecological limits for the development of human economy. Still, multiple human pressures on natural ecosystems cause biodiversity loss and, as a consequence, seriously affect the capability of natural ecosystems to provide flows of goods and services (Cardinale et al., 2012;Pauna et al., 2018;Vihervaara et al., 2019;Sebastiani et al., 2021). ...
... Moreover, management and protection policies, such as MPAs, are recognized worldwide as important tools for mitigating human impacts on marine ecosystems, conserving natural capital stocks and ensuring the delivery of ecosystem services needed for human well-being (Pauna et al., 2018;. ...
... In recent years, researchers have explored many ways to optimize the detection and monitoring of microplastics in sediments, seawater, and organisms to effectively demonstrate their potential ecological harm. However, there still lacks a comprehensive understanding of how microplastics are transferred towards marine trophic webs, affecting natural capital stocks and their capacity to provide ecosystem services on which human well-being relies Pauna et al., 2018;. ...
Natural capital stocks generate ecosystem services flows that are directly used or enjoyed by people, providing benefits to human well-being. Anthropogenic pressures on natural ecosystems cause biodiversity loss and, in turn, affect the capability of natural ecosystems to provide flows of good and services to humans. Environmental accounting represents a useful tool to assess the value of ecosystem goods and services, also providing useful information to localmanagers and policymakers in charge of implementing management and policy strategies oriented to the sustainable use of natural resources. Given this premise, this special issue includes theoretical, methodological, and applied papers focusing on natural capital, ecosystem services, and environmental accounting.
... The ecosystem services (ESs) concept has gained traction due to the importance of nature's contribution to people's development [1]. This ESs concept can be traced back to the 1960s and beginning of the 1970s [2][3][4], when it first emerged as a framework to manage ecosystem damage caused by vast anthropogenic threats [5,6]. However, the idea has since transformed and been applied to advise political agendas through, for example, the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA), The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) in 2010, and more recently, the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) [7]. ...
... Bibliometrics uses quantitative analysis methods to examine knowledge structures and the development of research fields [4]. This paper combines both bibliometric analysis and network analysis maps for the construction of various networks based on the relationships between countries, journals, organizations, authors, grants and keywords dealing with the same topic [41]. ...
... Another relevant study by Pauna et al. [4] used the bibliometric tool VOSviewer to investigate scientific literature on ecosystem service research in general. Their results showed that the MEA had a major impact of the publication trend since its meeting in 2005. ...
The assessment of ecosystem services (ESs) is important for Africa’s sustainability and progress. Healthy ecosystems benefit humans in various forms; however, continuous anthropogenic activities have led to rapid alterations in their compositions, structures and functions worldwide. Due to the lack of understanding on the role of ES assessment in southern Africa, many ES assessment practices and methodologies have been widely debated Thus, a bibliometric analysis of ESs in southern Africa was conducted for the period of 1996–2021, to present the key features of ES assessment practices and methodologies and reveal evolutionary trends in this field. The results showed that in southern Africa, not many ES assessment studies have been published; however, South Africa was the most productive country in terms of author collaboration and publication output. Other leading countries in this field include the UK, USA, Germany and Australia. The most productive institutions in southern Africa are located in South Africa, and are the University of Cape Town, the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Rhodes University, the University of KwaZulu Natal, and the University of Stellenbosch. The five funding institutions that are most active in supporting ES assessment in southern Africa are European. The main publishers of the research are either American or European and include the highly influential publishers Elsevier, Wiley, MDPI, Springer Nature and Resilience Alliance. VOS Viewer was employed as a visual analysis tool and CiteSpace as a graphic analysis tool to conduct the bibliometric analysis. A key conclusion is that most authors use qualitative methods to assess people’s livelihoods and wellbeing as they relate to provisional and cultural services, while remotely sensed imagery is used as a key tool to assess the spatial extent of provisional and regulating services. Research recommendations include promoting a transdisciplinary approach in ES assessment in southern Africa.
... The availability of natural resources ensures a life support system vital for human well-being while setting the ecological limits for the development of human economy. Still, multiple human pressures on natural ecosystems cause biodiversity loss and, as a consequence, seriously affect the capability of natural ecosystems to provide flows of goods and services (Cardinale et al., 2012;Pauna et al., 2018;Vihervaara et al., 2019;Sebastiani et al., 2021). ...
... Moreover, management and protection policies, such as MPAs, are recognized worldwide as important tools for mitigating human impacts on marine ecosystems, conserving natural capital stocks and ensuring the delivery of ecosystem services needed for human well-being (Pauna et al., 2018;. ...
... In recent years, researchers have explored many ways to optimize the detection and monitoring of microplastics in sediments, seawater, and organisms to effectively demonstrate their potential ecological harm. However, there still lacks a comprehensive understanding of how microplastics are transferred towards marine trophic webs, affecting natural capital stocks and their capacity to provide ecosystem services on which human well-being relies Pauna et al., 2018;. ...
The nature-based recreational activities can be considered one of the most
important cultural ecosystem services provided by forests. They provide
benefits to local economy, human health and well-being reducing depres�sion and mental illnesses risk and increasing social interactions. The aim
of the present study is to assess the socio-economic importance of forest�based recreational activities using the travel cost demand analysis. The
study was implemented in a black pine forest in Italy (Pratomagno for�est) characterized by a multifunctional forest role and a diversified recre�ational attendance. The study on forest-based recreational activities was
organized in four steps: development and pre-testing of a questionnaire;
identification of the sample of visitors; administration of the questionnaire
to the visitors; data processing. The results show that the most important
forest-based recreational activity carried out by visitors is relaxing in the
nature, followed by hiking and picnicking. The occasional visitors prefer
more passive recreational activities (relaxing in the nature and picnicking),
while regular and loyal visitors prefer more active recreational activities
(hiking, mountain biking, picking non-wood forest products). A consumer
surplus in the range between 39 and 44 � per visit was estimated based
on the model (Poisson and Negative binomial model), corresponding to
60.5-68.3 � per hectare. The results show that nature-based recreational
activities can generate positive direct and indirect benefits for forest man�agers and local people. The local decision makers should act on forest stand
characteristics with the aim of increasing the recreational attractiveness and
the consequent economic benefits.
... Concerning the global ecosystem crisis and increasing awareness of ecosystem services' significance, the establishment of major international initiatives, including MA in 2001 (MA 2005), followed by The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) in 2007, and The Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) in 2012, have helped to standardize definition, classification, and assessment of ecosystem services globally (Costanza et al. 2017;Pauna et al. 2018). Furthermore, the ecosystem services concept has attracted attention as a beneficial instrument for evaluating, defining, and predicting the interdependencies between natural ecosystems and human interests from global scholars and policy-makers (Busch et al. 2012;McDonough et al. 2017). ...
... VOSviewer is a network analysis-based software that allows users to visualize various types of bibliometric networks and maps, considering the factors of common occurrence (Pauna et al. 2018;Eck and Waltman 2019). In the research, a science-mapping approach is conducted through co-authorship and co-occurrence analysis to create bibliometric maps, which show: 1) the co-authorship network between countries whose researchers are affiliated; and 2) the network of keywords' co-occurrence. ...
... In the research, a science-mapping approach is conducted through co-authorship and co-occurrence analysis to create bibliometric maps, which show: 1) the co-authorship network between countries whose researchers are affiliated; and 2) the network of keywords' co-occurrence. In each map, the connecting line called a link displays the relationship between components (Pauna et al. 2018). The thickness of each link shows the occurrence frequency of a component's unit simultaneously in the research network called the total link strength. ...
Among the world's mega-biodiversity countries in the tropics, Indonesia has experienced the most severe deforestation in recent decades. It is alarming that the rate is potentially disrupting the future provision of ecosystem services. On the other hand, there is a paucity of research on ecosystem services in Indonesia, and its current state is unknown. This study provided an overview of ecosystem services research trends in Indonesia from 1998 to 2020 using bibliometric and science mapping analysis of 298 published works from the Scopus database. Since 2013, publications on the topic have increased and grown exponentially, with environmental science dominating the subjects, followed by agriculture and biology, and the social sciences. Biodiversitas and Ecosystem Services are the most prolific journals for publishing results, while Science and Ecological Economics have the most citations. Being the most productive in publications, Indonesia and the United States are also engaged the most in research collaborations. Ecosystem services research in Indonesia is closely linked to biodiversity, deforestation, and oil palm. Furthermore, oil palm, sustainability, and land-use change are promising topics to address in the coming years. This study suggests that the dynamics of ecosystem services research in Indonesia call for further developments in improving the quality of impactful research through interdisciplinary approaches, international collaboration, and the engagement of diverse stakeholders and policy-makers related to the field, to increase the benefits of sustainable ecosystem services in the future.
... (Aleixandre-Benavent et al., 2017;Liu et al., 2019;Huang et al., 2020). Over the last 10 years, bibliometric studies have been published on various topics related to ecosystem services, including agroecosystem services (Liu et al., 2019;Tancoigne et al., 2014), water ecosystem services (Aznar-Sanchez et al., 2019), forest ecosystem services (Aznar-Sanchez et al., 2018), ecosystem services economic valuation (Laurans et al., 2013), ecological capital (Yu et al., 2019), ecological footprint (Yang and Meng, 2019) and ecosystem services research (Pauna et al., 2018;Vihervaara et al., 2010;Zhang et al., 2019aZhang et al., , 2019b. Human well-being, as an important issue of ecosystem service research, has been widely documented in previous studies (Bennett et al., 2015;Wei et al., 2018). ...
... Our analysis of ES and HWB research showed that the number of publications slowly increased from 1992 to 2004, and substantially increased after 2005, which was consistent with the MA (Fig. 2). Other studies have also highlighted how MA has strongly influenced the publication of scientific articles on ecosystem services (Costanza et al., 2017;Pauna et al., 2018). MA introduced a new framework to combine social and ecological systems, which has generated ground-breaking research (MA, 2005). ...
... PNAS 0 services, in which the top keywords were "biodiversity", "management", "conservation", and "climate change" (Pauna et al., 2018). Biodiversity strongly supports most ecosystem functions and services that are key to human well-being (Díaz et al., 2015;Pires et al., 2018). ...
Ecosystem services and human well-being have received increasing scientific interest owing to their importance in influencing sustainability. Yet, quantitative and visual analyses of the scientific literature on ecosystem services and human well-being remain scarce. Here, we explored the scientific literature on ecosystem services and human well-being at a global scale to investigate the temporal development, scientific collaboration, research hotspots and emerging trends over the last 27 years (1992–2018) using CiteSpace. The number of publications has substantially increased since the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MA). The majority of publications (79.86%) were occurred during the period of 2013–2018, with Ecosystem Services being the dominant journal and most research originating from the USA, England and Australia. And the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the most productive institution. The top-ranking category was environmental sciences. Much more work is needed to strengthen the cohesion among environmental, economic and social science in this field. Three key research themes prevailed: biodiversity, conservation, and management. The hotspots of early studies focused on the descriptive and quantitative analysis of ecosystem services, including “contingent value”, “model” and “dynamics”. The emerging active topics were“poverty alleviation”, “cultural ecosystem service”, “perception” and“green infrastructure”. Integrative research on socio-cultural and biophysical dimensions is expected to be used to increasingly support policymaking in the future. The assessment of subjective well-being, the relations between supply-demand and human well-being and sustainable management represent challenging areas for future research on ecosystem services and human well-being.
... The bibliographic coupling network highlighted four focused areas indicating nexus between climate change with biodiversity, ecosystems and human wellbeing emphasizing on climate change impacts as also reported by Gupta and Singh, (2023). Increasing trends in modeling and quantitative research and human-nature interactions focusing on climate change risk, vulnerability, adaptation, and mitigation show the widening scope from conventional research on thematic topics to multidisciplinarity (Pauna et al., 2018). ...
... Similar results were reported with a higher number of case studies beside the United States at global (Chaudhary et al., 2015;Gangahagedara et al., 2021) and regional scales for ecosystem services and other disciplinary sciences (Chang et al., 2022;Rana et al., 2022). However, other bigger players played the dominant role while considering global scalelargely by the west (see Pauna et al., 2018). It is to be noted that since large-scale research is being performed in the Tibetan Plateau and the Himalaya, the dominance of China, India and Nepal seems reasonable (Verrall and Pickering, 2020;Chang et al., 2022;Rana et al., 2022). ...
Climate change has emerged as one of the major threats to biodiversity and the Hindu Kush Himalaya (HKH) is facing the challenges due to a higher rate of elevation dependent warming and erratic rainfall. The rich biodiversity and bounty of ecosystem services provided by this 'water tower' and the 'Third Pole' are under higher risk. Though there is scattered and sectoral knowledge available, comprehensive understanding on climate change and its impact on biodiversity is lacking in the HKH. To fill this gap, a systematic literature review using search, appraisal, synthesis, and analysis (SALSA) was undertaken to look at temporal and spatial trends of research focusing on the impacts of climate change on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The increasing trend and evolution of research from sectoral to multidisciplinarity approach with increasing focus on impacts suggested a strong influence from regional priority and global discourse. There is a clear pattern of biophysical and environmental focused research in the early phase of the 1990s to societal concerns highlighting vulnerability, adaptation, and mitigation measures at the later phases. The review also revealed an increasing trend in multidisciplinary, networking and bringing innovative tools in research linking climate change and biodiversity. However, the research showed greater focus in the Tibetan plateau and alpine ecosystem with decreasing interest in the forest ecosystems, and a very negligible focus on wetlands. Studies on impact assessments are increasing but at a relatively low rate. Better representation of investments based on vulnerable ecosystems, underrepre-sented countries and collaborative regional research on emerging priority areas such as restoration and larger scale nature-based solutions could contribute to climate resilience in the HKH.
... The current applications and scientific research in this area have been gaining an uplifting interest. However, the number of real-world publications and applications is recognized to be low even with supporting scientific research [7]. ...
... A systematic review is an evidence-based research tool to analyze available studies. It can be used to develop the existing distribution of knowledge worldwide [7]. ...
Blue-green infrastructure (BGI) has become a practical approach with emerging attention to addressing flood mitigation in many countries worldwide. The environmentally sound, sustainable approach of BGI has led it to gain scientific interest above other available mitigation techniques, such as grey infrastructure, soakaways, etc. This study was intended to conduct a thorough scoping review, followed by a bibliometric analysis, using the VOSViewer version 1.6.19, of the available flood mitigation techniques and the emergence and effectiveness of BGI as a strategy. The scoping review was based on 50+ recent (between 2013 and 2022) journal research papers. The study enabled the development of an elaborative idea about BGI and its applications in Australia, and it describes the trend of research to use BGI for flood mitigation. Following a comprehensive survey, it was established that BGI had been recognized as an effective measure in addressing unexpected floods, and it is indeed a beneficial project in the long term. It mitigates urban flooding, improves the environmental quality by purifying the urban atmosphere, and, further, includes the health and well-being of the community as co-benefits. However, although BGI has many environmental and other connected benefits, there are some restrictions that are decelerating the initiation of BGI as a project. Therefore, this application takes time and effort even before implementation. The bibliometric analysis of this study revealed that robust connectivity is seen in the global perspective between BGI, green infrastructure, and flood risk management, depicting a strong bond. In contrast, in the Australian context, an explicitly networked BGI specifically had yet to be seen, and only "green infrastructure" was used instead. However, the emergence of BGI for flood mitigation was recognized in 2015, while Australian research was likely initiated in 2016. There is less acceleration in Australian studies compared to the global scenario. BGI is a trending topic in scientific research, offering a vast variety of benefits to the country. Concluding, this study strongly suggests an immediate initiation of proper awareness and the development of relatable policies as two primary considerations to encourage the implementation of BGI, which is an effective strategy to address floods in Australia and create livable and healthy cities.
... As stated by Contreras and Abid (2022), VOSviewer is a text mining software that creates co-occurrence networks and depicts topics or themes taken from the literature. These maps base the thickness of each connection on the link strength (Pauna et al., 2018), while the size of each object is dependent on the number of occurrences (Van Eck & Waltman, 2018). The link strength between two authors indicates the number of publications they have co-authored and the link strength between author keywords indicates the frequency of publications where two keywords appear together (Khudzari et al., 2018). ...
... This could potentially lead to a lack of pedagogically sounding interventions discussing CT from different approaches. Pauna et al. (2018) examined studies published in ecosystem services. Pauna et al. found the top author in their analysis had 125 articles with a link strength of 312. ...
Computational thinking is a relatively new field for teachers and educational researchers, where new pedagogical approaches emerge to teach various aspects of computational thinking that covers various thinking abilities and techniques for solving problems. Computational thinking concept received great attention from researchers and instructors with an increasing interest related to teaching of computational thinking in K-5 education, as well as the role of computational thinking in kids’ gaining of thinking skills and digital competences. Various studies have been conducted related to the implementation of computational thinking activities in schools. However, there is a lack of study that analyzes the trends of these studies. In this respect, this study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis and content analysis to investigate the computational thinking studies in K-5 level to explore the current research trends in the field. The analysis covers a total of 156 studies conducted between years 2009 and 2021. The analysis separately provides results for early childhood and elementary levels. The analysis mainly revealed that mostly used pedagogical approaches are robotics, block-based programming, stem, unplugged and gaming activities. In addition, the analysis explored the findings based on four aspects of computational thinking; decomposition, abstraction, pattern recognition and algorithm design.
... However, the Scopus database is prominently regarded as the largest indexer of global research content, including titles from more than 5,000 publishers worldwide, e.g., Springer, ScienceDirect, Taylor & Francis, Emerald, Wiley, etc. [18,23]. The bibliometric software and VOSviewer were accordingly used to statistically scrutinise the descriptive data including annually scientific production, most frequent keyword, and providing visualization for co-word analysis [19,24]. ...
... The analyses indicated that the links, total link strength, and occurrence for Sus-Man is ranked higher than Sus-Pro. Link is a connection or relation between two items (e.g., co-occurrence of keywords) while the total link strength is a weight [24]. This could be explained by the fact that, the links and total link strength for Sus-Man are higher than Sus-Pro since it is a recent fascinated topic and thus more strongly connected to other emerging keywords such as 'Circular Economy' (total link strength: 72, avg. ...
The growing need for ‘sustainable development’ and the existence of monumental wastes and unsustainable patterns have made scientific movements worldwide towards an emerging paradigm—Sustainable Manufacturing—which is also regarded as an application of the circularity principle to production under the emergent concept of circular economy. To create a significant outlook, however, understanding the topics of concern and giving the opportunity of widening collaboration networks are required. As such, this research aims to analyse the research trends in the sustainable manufacturing area using the bibliometric analytic method. The data for this study was extracted from the Scopus database until May 2021 based on the descriptive data of publication outputs, resulting in retrieving a total of 4802 journal articles reported between 1979 and 2021. The analysis revealed that the published documents were continuously increased every year since 2006, accordingly there was a dramatic growth in the cumulative total publications hitherto. This indicates the growing global interests of the scientific community in sustainable manufacturing, expecting to continue to rise due to its unique intellectual contributor to ‘our common future’. The United States and China were the two core contributing countries, respectively, with a large number of publications and strong collaboration networks. About 40% of the total research articles from the top ten journals were published in the Journal of Cleaner Production. Some areas newly investigated with sustainable manufacturing, which would be potential interesting topics for future research, were also discussed. Keywords: Sustainability, Sustainable development, Manufacturing, Production, Circular economy, Bibliometric analysis, VOSviewer, Scopus database
... Bibliometric is a systematic analysis approach that uses statistics and quantitative analysis to explore trends in global research in a particular domain [11,12]. Bibliometric analysis uses keywords from the titles of the documents, keywords, and summaries to find the connections between terms [13]. ...
... They were then transferred into VOSviewer to be further cleaned up as well as into PoP software for additional investigation. In this regard, we used the main technical terms applied by VOSviewer-Links, Citation links, Co-citations links, Co-authorship links, Cooccurrence links, Network, Weight attribute (Total link strength), Custom weight attributes (Documents, Occurrences, and Total citations), Density and overlay visualisation maps, Average citations per publication, h-index, and g-index-in pursuit of [12,[18][19][20][21]. ...
As Industry 4.0 mainly entails the diffusion and adoption of technology, developing countries may encounter challenges in the form of a sluggish diffusion-adoption process as it typically flows from developed countries. To demonstrate how this process is scientifically progressing, this article employs Bibliometric analysis which is widely used for examining and analysing massive volumes of scientific data. With the substantially growing academic and industry interests in Industry 4.0, this study by using the bibliometric and network analysis is accordingly aimed at investigating and mapping the literature on Industry 4.0. In doing so, this research extracted its data from the Scopus database based on the descriptive data of publication outputs; it retrieved 3988 journal articles published up to May 2021. The analyses indicate there is a consistent rise in the total number of cumulative publications up until today; interestingly, publications on the topic had dramatically increased by 1633 articles in 2020. Italy with 380 publications was ranked first among the leading countries, covering 9.52% of the overall publications. In general, 49% of the global publications were contributed by developed countries including Italy, Germany, the United Kingdom, the United States, South Korea, Spain, and Poland. Surprisingly, none of the universities in the top 10 countries are ranked among the top 100 universities in the world. Based on the identified patterns, the major technologies related to Industry 4.0 are also discussed.KeywordsIndustry 4.0TechnologiesBibliometric analysisLiterature reviewScopus databaseVOSviewer
... We need to comprehensively evaluate some conclusions of the past research on cultural services through quantitative means in order to provide a reference basis and some clarification for future research. Bibliometric analysis can provide a pathway for the analysis of a large number of documents and identify the hotspots and evolutionary characteristics of previous studies [40,41]. However, bibliometric analysis has some limitations in literature content review. ...
... At present, th status of cultural service research in the overall ecosystem service research is increasing We need to comprehensively evaluate some conclusions of the past research on cultura services through quantitative means in order to provide a reference basis and some clari fication for future research. Bibliometric analysis can provide a pathway for the analysi of a large number of documents and identify the hotspots and evolutionary characteristic of previous studies [40,41]. However, bibliometric analysis has some limitations in litera ture content review. ...
Cultural ecosystem services (CESs) are direct influences on human well-being and sustainable development, and they have become increasingly important in the development and progress of society. This paper reviewed 1248 papers on CESs by using VOSviewer and CiteSpace software. On this basis, we also reviewed 179 selected empirical papers related to this field, with regards to geographical locations, study objects, evaluation methods, and categories. The results show that: (1) the number of publications related to cultural services has increased year by year, and Ecosystem Services, Ecological Indicators, and Sustainability are the top three journals with the greatest amount of research published; (2) ecosystem services, benefits, management, and social–ecological systems are perceptions closely related to CES research, which are also popular topics in the field; (3) the results of a keyword detection show that the cultural landscapes, patterns, mental health services, social value, and other keywords were popular keywords used from 2005 to 2021; (4) CESs have mainly attracted the attention of many developed countries, and the cultural services in cities, oceans, and coastal areas have become the focus for researchers; (5) the recreation and ecotourism, and aesthetic values are the common categories of the CES empirical studies, while the knowledge system and the cultural diversity are the two categories with the least amount of research; (6) the evaluation methods of CESs are mostly carried out using a traditional questionnaire and interview, but mapping and modeling methods have been widely used in recent years.
... In the past, marine pollution and its related issues have been analysed through the study of the environment composition. 15 Nowadays, these techniques have been improved thanks to the recent advances in technology: in this sense, the combinations of appropriate sets of chemical and biological data efficiently monitor the environment [4], outlining the impact of hazardous substances on marine processes and organisms [5]. On this basis it is then possible to reduce pollutants inputs into waters (especially from 20 maritime and industrial activities) [6] and to develop methods to avoid waste production [7]. ...
... In the case of academic literature, this methodology provides a quantitative analysis of a topic of interest. The outcome of the bibliometric analysis is in fact an evaluation of the existing networks among researchers, countries, organizations or keywords dealing with the specific field of science [14], [15]. In this study, the results of the bibliometric analysis of the global 55 scientific literature on AUVs and environmental monitoring is presented. ...
A sustainable and effective monitoring of the environment is necessary to assess its current status. In particular, marine ecosystems are more and more subjected to external inputs and pollutants in general, which may considerably affect their biodiversity and the regularity of their processes, with consequences on the global system. Autonomous Underwater Vehicles are frequently used to perform research and monitoring operations, being usually more cost-effective and less time-consuming than the traditional methods. In this study, the global scientific literature on the employment of AUVs for the environment is explored. The bibliometric analysis on the networks between authors, countries, journals and keywords related to the topic allowed to verify the major research interests and assess the current weaknesses on which researcher are currently focused. This approach proved to be a promising way for exploring the scientific literature by applying systems thinking in bibliometric science.
... It has now become a popular method and is applied to various research topics. For example, in recent years, many environment and natural resources studies have used BNA to analyse the scientific literature on various topics, such as: natural capital , ecosystem services (Pauna et al. 2018(Pauna et al. , 2019, food security (Skaf et al. 2020), private land conservation (Gooden and 't Sas-Rolfes 2020), forest entrepreneurship (Mourao and Martinho 2020), forest carbon sequestration (Huang et al. 2020), bioeconomy (Biancolillo et al. 2020;Mougenot and Doussoulin 2022), and circular economy (Türkeli et al. 2018). ...
Forests play an important role in adapting to and mitigating the negative effects of climate change and environmental degradation through sustainable forest management. In Europe and North America, where private forest ownership dominates, private forest owners play a crucial role in achieving diverse policy objectives. Given the importance of private forest owner cooperation to support the sustainable management and the achievement of policy goals, this paper systematically reviewed the international scientific publication on private forest owners (PFOs) cooperation using bibliometric network analysis complemented with a literature review to examine the development over the last two decades (2000–2021) and to determine where the trend of the research has been heading. The analysis provided a general overview of PFOs cooperation and focus more specifically on two main aspects of PFOs cooperation: “Reasons for joining forest owners’ organizations” and “Factors influencing PFOs cooperation”. The data was retrieved from the Scopus database and analysed using the VOSviewer software. The results showed that the number of publications on PFOs’ cooperation is more or less constant and that the most prolific authors’ institutions in this topic area come from the United States, Finland, Sweden and Germany. The keyword cluster analysis showed that there are three topic oriented clusters for both aspects of PFOs’ cooperation – “Reasons for joining forest owners’ organizations” and “Factors influencing PFOs cooperation”, while the trend of keywords showed a change in the perspective of PFOs’ cooperation over time: from cooperation for “timber production and supplying to the market” to cooperation for “multifunctional and sustainable forest management”, “biodiversity conservation” and “climate change mitigation”. The results also showed the influence of forest policy on PFOs cooperation.
... The ES approach has been widely applied as an interdisciplinary lens for assessing nature's values and human-nature links (Haase et al., 2014;Scott et al., 2018). It has expanded tremendously since the early 2000 s (Collins et al., 2011;Dou et al., 2020;Millennium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005;Sagie et al., 2013;TEEB, 2010), globally influencing the sustainability policy agenda (Costanza et al., 2017;Pauna et al., 2018). Institutions at the science-policy interface between conservation, sustainable use of biodiversity and ES have made efforts for being more open to diverse participation and to facilitate the participation of ECRs (Filyushkina et al., 2022). ...
The ecosystem services (ES) approach has been widely applied for assessing nature’s values and human-nature links. Over the past two decades, this research approach has experienced remarkable growth, exerting global influence on the sustainability policy agenda. Recent literature indicates that North America, Europe, East Asia, and Australia are major contributors to ES research, while other regions are progressing at a slower pace. Many countries in these regions remain under-represented due to various factors, including but not limited to knowledge transfer gaps, disparities in research capacities, as well as distinct needs and challenges among researchers in the Global North and South. Although the ES literature in Asia is growing in topics, methodologies, quality and quantity, many Asian researchers, especially Early Career Researchers (ECRs), still face problems typical of the Global South while conducting ES research. In this paper, we outline four major challenges from the perspective of ECRs. They include: 1) Inequality in career prospects and capacity-building, 2) Inequality and challenges in data access & knowledge transfer, 3) Circulation of research findings in global scientific publishing, 4) Challenges in funding. This perspective paper draws special attention to the challenges faced by ECRs in ES research in Asia. By presenting recommendations, we strongly advocate that the research community work together to make ES research a level playing field for ECRs like ourselves working in Asia and elsewhere.
... We then applied a quantitative analysis of bibliometric networks to the search results. This method has been widely applied in recent years and has proven to be a useful tool to detect patterns and emerging trends on a wide range of scientific topics as well as to identify their research gaps or needs (Pauna et al., 2018;Picone et al., 2021;Skaf et al., 2020). The co-occurrence analysis (with a minimum of five occurrences per keyword) yielded a total of 258 terms. ...
In both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, invasive species are a major driver of global change that is increasing in scope and impact due to the increase in global trade, habitat modification and climate change. Among invasive species, those that are known as ‘ecosystem engineers’ are considered a specific, highly influential, type of invaders, where an invader significantly alters the new environment, either physically or chemically. In this context, this perspective review discusses the different types of possible impacts of invasive ecosystems engineers (IEE) in terrestrial, freshwater, and marine ecosystems.
Scanning the relevant literature on the topic, we find a 12‐year lag in the use of terms relevant to the concept of ecosystem engineers in invasion‐related publications since the first publication of the concept in 1994, with a steep increase in use between 2006 and 2014. A bibliometric mapping showed a high level of connectedness between related terms and clusters, suggesting an ample flow of concepts, ideas and knowledge between realms, ecosystems and regions, and researchers that study them.
Throughout this essay, we illustrate with recent examples the context‐dependency of their (positive and negative) impacts in the three realms. We review the distinction between autogenic (altering the environment for other species with their body) and allogenic (altering the environment for other species with their actions) ecosystem engineering in the context of alien species. We also put a spotlight on the well‐studied engineering effects of IEE plants and macroalgae, terrestrial and aquatic bioturbators and burrowers as well as highly effective consumers.
We finalize with discussing how IEE can strongly affect ecosystem services for human wellbeing and explore the possible contribution of IEE in restoring functions and services in the face of climate change in highly invaded and fast‐warming systems like the southeastern Mediterranean Sea or areas that face frequent fires for example. We claim that the last topic has received little attention from the scientific community and should be given priority in future studies.
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... The systemic and quantitative reviews and analyses on such a nascent topic as ecological civilization can help to clarify its origins, track the process of development, and understand contemporary views among scholars with diverse cultural and social backgrounds [19,20]. Visual mapping of the literature on ecological civilization can generate more accessible knowledge, identify research gaps, direct further scholarship, and inform the direction of policy making (e.g., [21][22][23]). Previously, bibliometric analysis was only used to analyze the literature in CNKI, the major database for Chinese academic publication, regarding how the concept of ecological civilization can be implemented in sustainable development [24]. ...
Ecological civilization is an important paradigm proposed by China in the context of growing local environmental challenges. The application of ecological civilization may have a spillover effect on the globe. To understand how the paradigm is interpreted by the international academic community and its Chinese counterpart, a bibliometric map of related articles published between 2000 and 2019 was mapped according to the identities of the collected Chinese and international bibliographies (9196 in CNKI and 664 in WoS). The keyword frequency statistics confirm that the concept of ecological civilization has been frequently connected to visions of sustainable development within and outside of China. The chronology of publication numbers and keyword bursts indicated that the studies related to ecological civilization have gained significant traction in China due to official support and the subjects of the research are sensitive to the change in leadership. The much lower publication number of international studies and China-centered co-authored studies indicate that the international community is less enthusiastic about ecological civilization. This may become a barrier to fostering consensus about international collaboration on mutually beneficial sustainable development. Based on the keyword burst analysis, this study is the first to reveal that green development is currently a shared interest in China and internationally in the literature on ecological civilization; international collaboration pursuing green development may be a path to realize global sustainable development goals. Further systemic review of the contents of individual research may need to be conducted to confirm and refine the findings of this bibliometric analysis.
... In this study, we used VOSviewer software to present the frequency and links in the network analysis. In the figures that present the network analysis (see Figs. 2 and 3), a bigger circle means a higher frequency and the thickness of the lines between cirlces represents the link strength (Pauna et al., 2018). This analysis also reports the connection between keywords or authors, respectively, by placing each keyword or author into a cluster (Van Eck & Waltman, 2018). ...
Understanding complex systems is important in science and has become a prominent aspect of STEM education in recent years. System thinking plays a critical role, focusing on system attributes such as interactions between components, emerging phenomena and hierarchical organisation. In this study, we provide a network analysis of bibliometric information and a research synthesis of empirical studies on system thinking and complexity in STEM education from the past two decades, aiming to identify trends in the field. We reviewed 255 empirical published studies identified from Web of Science database and found a sharp increase in the number of studies on system thinking after 2016. In the research synthesis, we categorised these studies under five categories: (i) study population, (ii) disciplinary field, (iii) empirical study type, (iv) system attributes and (v) cognitive aspects. In the results, we found that most studies focused on higher education (86 papers) and biology (67 papers), while only few of the studies focused on pre- and in-service teachers (14 and 23 papers, respectively) as well as on elementatry students (22 papers). Complexity and interactions emerged as the most mentioned system attributes (89 and 55 papers, respectively), while thinking and understanding were the most mentioned cognitive aspects (112 and 73 papers, respectively). In addition, an increasing focus on digitalisation (68 papers) and modelling (61 papers) was identified. We discuss these emerging trends and identify research gaps and directions for future studies.
... Co-occurrence analysis gives an indication of the structure and focus of the subject area. 53,54 The nodes indicate the frequency with which each keyword appears in search of related keywords. ...
Introduction: Mercury is a highly toxic and persistent contaminant found in food and parts of the environment. Over the years, global research on mercury poison has soared owing to concerns about its effects on human health, occupational safety, and environmental sustainability. Although numerous studies have identified and examined the various types, sources, toxicity, exposure, and impacts of mercury, comprehensive studies on the research landscape and scientific developments on the subject areas are currently lacking. Therefore, this paper shows a bibliometric analysis (BA) and literature review (LR) of the top publications, funders, organisations, and countries working on Mercury research worldwide.
Methods: The research landscape on the subject area was examined by BA from 1995 to 2021, whereas the scientific developments were highlighted through LR.
Results: Results showed that mercury research has gained global prominence since the discovery of the Minamata disease in 1956. The most prolific mercury researchers, institutions, and funders are from the United States, Japan, Brazil, Canada, and China, whereas the publications on Mercury research doubled over the period. The top source titles for publications on Mercury are Neurotoxicology, Science of the Total Environment, and Environmental Health Perspectives. However, Micheal Aschner (US) and Takashi Yorifuji (Japan) are the most prolific researchers. Co-occurrence analysis revealed that mercury, methyl mercury, fish, toxicity, and Minamata disease are the most cited keywords, which shows the correlation nexus between fish consumption and mercury poisoning.
Conclusion: The LR showed that mercury research is widely investigated due to global concerns about its impact on human health, safety, and the environment.
... By analyzing the basic RLES research results, we demonstrate the following: (1) The phased increase in the number of publications is related to the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA) report released in 2005, the establishment of The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) in 2010, and the establishment of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES). Moreover, others have emphasized that they promote the attention of researchers and policymakers to ESs [60,63,64]. Climate change and accelerated urbanization have led researchers to pay more attention to urban ecosystem services than rural areas. ...
Understanding the research lineage of rural landscape ecosystem services (RLESs) is of importance for improving rural landscapes and developing sustainable ecosystem services. However, there is currently no literature analysis on the scientific quantification and visualization of RLESs. In this study, 4524 articles related to RLESs from 1990 to 2021 were analyzed using the bibliometric method and ISI Web of Science database. The results show that RLES research hotspots have gradually shifted from the early keywords of “vegetation”, “land use change”, “agriculture”, “rural gradients” and “models” to the emerging “cultural ecosystem services”, “rural tourism”, “landscape preferences” and “policy guidance”. Scholars from developed and developing countries place different emphases on research hotspots in terms of research content, scale and methodology due to differences in their research backgrounds and other aspects. In addition, five categories of research fronts were obtained through literature co-citation analysis. Through burst word detection analysis, combined with basic research and research hotspots and frontier analysis, we concluded that future RLES research will focus on four areas: (1) the relationship and collaboration between and management of biodiversity and ecosystem services; (2) the landscape value of RLESs; (3) land-use changes and ecosystem service values; and (4) research methods for innovative RLESs. Our findings may contribute to better in-depth RLES research by providing a theoretical reference and practical help for future related research.
... In recent years, researchers have explored many ways to optimize the detection and monitoring of microplastics in sediments, seawater, and organisms to effectively demonstrate their potential ecological harm. However, there still lacks a comprehensive understanding of how microplastics are transferred towards marine trophic webs, affecting natural capital stocks and their capacity to provide ecosystem services on which human well-being relies Pauna et al., 2018;Renzi et al., 2018). ...
Marine microplastics have become an issue of great concern at the global level. The attention towards the issue of marine microplastics, highly recognized by international policy and scientific research, has increased considerably over the last decades. At the European level, several initiatives have been promoted addressing the reduction of plastic pollution as a high priority target, among which the Marine Strategy Framework Objective (D10) and the European Strategy for Plastics in a Circular Economy. In addition, researchers have explored many strategies to optimize the detection and monitoring of microplastics in sediments, seawater, and organisms and to effectively demonstrate their potential ecological harm. However, since pollution dynamics, the functioning of natural ecosystems, and their relationships are very complex, there still lacks a comprehensive understanding of the impacts of microplastics on marine ecosystems. This lack of knowledge may impact the effectiveness of decision-making processes in terms of plastic reduction and waste management. In this study, we present the results of a literature review which focuses on particularly impactful marine microplastic methodological and analytical articles from 2004 to 2017 to identify possible gaps or inconsistencies in the reported data. Based on this
review, a framework for a general reporting protocol (GRP) is outlined to encourage increased collaborative research efforts to harmonize the reporting of microplastics data in scientific studies. The proposed GRP outline could be useful in addressing data needs for effective ecological risk assessment.
... Exploring the academic literature is a fundamental step to understanding past research, current knowledge, and lead future advances of the scientific research. In recent years, bibliometric network analysis has been widely used to quantitatively analyse trends and patterns of large scientific datasets Cordeiro, 2019;Jankovský et al., 2021;Pauna et al., 2018Pauna et al., , 2019Picone et al., 2021;Prasad and Kalla, 2021;Radziff et al., 2021;Saggiomo et al., 2020;Skaf et al., 2020;Su et al., 2022). Indeed, the application of bibliometric network analysis to scientific literature allows for the quantitative investigation of network structures based on the relationships among researchers, organizations, countries, and keywords dealing with the investigated field of science. ...
Rhodolith beds are benthic biogenic calcareous habitats formed by the aggregation of unattached, non-geniculate coralline algae. They have a worldwide distribution and, due to their 3D structural complexity and functioning, they provide several ecosystem services (i.e., provisioning and regulating). Recently, their importance and vulnerability have been internationally recognized by international policy and scientific research, and more attention has been drawn to their investigation and conservation. In this study, we conducted a systematic review integrated with a bibliometric analysis of the academic literature related to rhodolith beds. The analysis was based on published literature data over the period 1965–2022, and allowed the generation of maps based on network data displaying the relationships among countries, researchers, keywords, and scientific journals. A total of 853 publications were identified, revealing that scientific research on rhodolith beds is still relatively limited if compared to other coastal vegetated habitats (e.g., seagrass beds, kelp forests), although it has increased over time. Results showed that the scientific documents were published by 77 countries, 2255 researchers, and 279 journals. USA led the research production in this field with 159 documents and 4802 citations, and Amado-Filho was the most productive author with 36 documents and 1126 citations. The co-occurrence network map of keywords showed that the main research fields linked to rhodolith beds are geology, paleontology, algal taxonomy, community ecology, conservation, and physiology. The results also highlighted that most focus on the subject is recently shifting from geological and paleontological aspects to molecular taxonomic, conservation, and ecophysiological ones, while studies on the current topics of ecosystem services and carbon sequestration are still very limited.
... As the range of disciplines involved in scientometrics analysis has expanded in recent years [28], surveying the scientific literature is an important first step in understanding past research and achievements and predicting future scientific trajectories. In this regard, the combination of social network analysis and bibliometrics has proven to be a useful tool for quantitatively assessing patterns and trends in the scientific literature [29][30][31][32]. ...
The establishment of natural protected areas (NPAs) is an effective means to deal with the degradation of ecosystems caused by climate change and human activities. The area and number of NPAs in the world have shown an obvious growth trend, and their development has ushered in a new bottleneck. More importantly, the management quality of NPAs should be improved, and the key to improving management quality lies in human beings, but the stakeholder groups involved in NPAs are often overlooked by policymakers. In this study, a quantitative review of the global scientific literature on NPAs stakeholders was conducted using a bibliometric approach. The research hotspots and trends, number, time, and countries were analyzed based on data from published articles. The stakeholder types and internal relationships in NPAs were summarized and mapped. The common problems of resources and community resident management among stakeholders were discussed. A total of 5584 research articles selected from the Web of Science core collection database were used as data sources and were visualized using VOSviewer and the Biblioshiny program in the R language. The results of the study help to reveal the mutual influence mechanism between stakeholders during the development of nature reserves and contribute to the sustainable development of global protected areas and human well-being.
... Moreover, management and protection policies, such as MPAs, are recognized worldwide as important tools for mitigating human impacts on marine ecosystems, conserving natural capital stocks and ensuring the delivery of ecosystem services needed for human well-being (Pauna et al., 2018;Buonocore et al., 2019). ...
The present investigation is a pilot study, carried out in a single season, aiming to account for the effects of local Small-Scale Fishery (SSF) métiers on actual catches, as recommended by the Ecosystem Based Management. According to local métiers, 3 trammel nets (GTR) and 3 longlines (LLS) were hauled for 8 hours in 4 Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) of Campania Region (central Tyrrhenian Sea): Regno di Nettuno (RN) and Punta Cam-panella (PC), in the northernmost Gulf of Naples, Santa Maria di Castella-bate (SMC) and Costa degli Infreschi e della Masseta (CI), along the south-ernmost coasts of Cilento National Park. PERMANOVA analyses were performed to assess differences in GTR and LLS catches among MPAs; CAP analyses were used to assess similarities among MPAs catches; PERMDISP analyses were performed to verify small scale data homogeneity and comparability ; ABCurves were used to assess MPAs fish assemblages quality status. Results show that GTR catches are higher than those of LLS in terms of fish diversity, abundance and biomass. Instead, LLS catches are more selective for a few target species and for larger specimens. PERMANOVA results highlight significant differences of both GTR and LLS data among MPAs, but pair-wise test indicates that LLS catches are more affected by local métiers linked to MPAs environmental characteristics. CAP analyses show that GTR species are coherently correlated with northernmost and southernmost MPAs while, species from LLS are correlated with the morphological characteristics (steep or flat bottoms) of the MPAs. PERMDISP reveals homogeneity among GTR data but not among LLS ones. ABCurves evidence that GTR, due to its low selectivity, is a suitable gear to monitoring MPAs fish assemblage. On the contrary, the high selective of LLS makes it an effective gear to provide data about the main target species of local métiers useful to define more effective MPA management measures.
... Indicators like single or fractional counting, citations per publication, journal citation score (JCS), surface normalized impact factor (SNIP), journal rank, field citation score (FCS), citation rate as well as number of co-publications (CoP) are used for deciphering result for the topic [27]. As the results produced during bibliometrics help in understanding the research traditions by employing citations, refines, resolution parameters, and keywords, certain linkages are framed grouping similar areas of research [28,29]. These linkages or clusters help in systematic scrutinization by gathering themes. ...
To ensure safe drinking water, it is necessary to have a simple method by which the probable pollutants are detected at the point of distribution. Nitrite contamination in water near agricultural locations could be an environmental concern due to its deleterious effects on the human population. The development of a frugal paper-based microfluidic sensor could be desirable to achieve the societal objective of providing safe drinking water. This work describes the development of a facile and cost-effective microfluidic paper-based sensor for quantitative estimation of nitrite in aquatic environments. A simple punching machine was used for fabrication and rapid prototyping of paper-based sensors without the need of any specialized equipment or patterning techniques. A reusable 3D printed platform served as the support for simultaneous testing of multiple samples. The nitrite estimation was carried out with smartphone-assisted digital image acquisition and colorimetric analysis. Under optimized experimental conditions, the variation in average grayscale intensity with concentration of nitrite was linear in the range from 0.1 to 10 ppm. The limits of detection and quantitation were 0.12 ppm and 0.35 ppm respectively. The reproducibility, expressed as relative standard deviation was 1.31%. The selectivity of nitrite detection method was determined by performing interference studies with commonly existing co-ions in water, such as bicarbonates, chloride and sulphate. The paper-based sensor was successfully applied for estimation of nitrite in actual water samples and showed high recoveries in the range of 83.5–109%. The results were in good agreement with those obtained using spectrophotometry. The developed paper-based sensor method, by virtue of its simplicity, ease of fabrication and use, could be readily extended for detection of multiple analytes in resource-limited settings.
... The bibliometric network analysis is a useful tool to quantitatively assess trends and patterns of scientific literature as highlighted by many authors (Otte and Rousseau, 2002;Pauna et al., 2018). Some authors focused on issues related to the forest-based sector such as on natural capital, climate change, ecosystem services, and sustainable tourism (Pauna et al., 2019;Biancolillo et al., 2020b;Demiroglu and Hall, 2020). ...
In the last decades, the circular bioeconomy concept has gained research and political interest, in line with the goals of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development. In this context, the forest-based sector plays a key role ensuring the sustainable and balanced environmental, economic, and social development using bio-based resources. The present study is aimed at implementing the Italian National Sustainable Development Strategy 2017/2030 (NSDS) in the forest-based sector. Specifically, our study aims to define a set of practical, simple, and easy to apply indicators to assess the performance of the forest-wood chain following the principles of circular bioeconomy. Adopting a bottom-up approach the study was structured in three steps: (1) literature review on circular bioeconomy related to forest-based science by applying social network analysis to bibliometric science; (2) identification of a set of indicators suitable to assess the forest-based sector; (3) decision makers’ involvement at regional level (Tuscany, Central Italy) through a questionnaire survey and evaluation of the indicators’ suitability to assess the performance of the forest-wood chain. The results of literature review show some clusters in the circular bioeconomy literature related to key topics such as climate change mitigation, environmental impacts, biotechnology, and sustainability. Through the literature review, a set of 14 indicators was developed and classified considering the three pillars of sustainability (environmental, economic, and social) and the 4R (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover) of circular economy. 30 decision makers evaluated and prioritized the indicators evidencing the most important to assess circular bioeconomy. Our study of the monitoring of the performance of the forest-based sector provide insights for researchers, managers, and policy makers to network together for advancing the sustainability transition to a circular bioeconomy in accordance with the principles of a low-carbon society.
... Assessing the status and trends of ecosystem services usefully contributes to policy and management of sustainable social-ecological systems (IPBES, 2019;Rieb et al., 2017). Ecosystem services (ES) mapping has seen great advances over the last decades (Burkhard and Maes, 2017) while remaining a developing field of research (Pauna et al., 2018). Current challenges include the uneven assessment of ES categories (provisioning, regulating and cultural services) and of their facets (supply, demand and use) (Boerema et al., 2017;Schägner et al., 2013;Schröter et al., 2016Schröter et al., , 2021. ...
The potential supply of ecosystem services is often assessed using land cover data. Assessment of actual use of ecosystem services by beneficiaries remains less covered and is often assumed to be congruent with potential supply. However, we believe that to contribute to the sustainable management of multifunctional landscapes, more insights are needed on the links between landscape characteristics and the various facets of ecosystem services. In this paper, we assess cultural ecosystem services (CES) such as recreation, inspiration or scenic beauty in three European mountain protected areas and their surroundings. We study the alignment between the potential supply and actual use of CES. CES potential supply was modelled using six biophysical indicators derived from earth observation and open geospatial data. For CES actual use, we employed participatory mapping with protected area visitors and local experts. We modelled CES actual use as a function of landscape biophysical indicators, weighted by (i) stated and (ii) revealed visitor preferences, and accessibility in each protected area using generalized additive mixed-effects models. Accessibility alone could explain around 50% of the variability of CES actual use, and with the additional inclusion of the 'natural and cultural features' variable, the actual use models reached an explanatory power of around 80% for all three case-studies. Importantly, biophysical information using land cover data alone cannot fully describe CES actual use, and there was little congruency between modelled potential supply and actual use. Additional socio-cultural features are required to explain the patterns of locations where protected area visitors enjoy CES. Our results can inform visitor management by addressing CES actual use and thereby provide evidence for landscape management and conservation planning and management, including offering a rewarding experience of nature for visitors.
... Indicators like single or fractional counting, citations per publication, journal citation score (JCS), surface normalized impact factor (SNIP), journal rank, field citation score (FCS), citation rate as well as number of co-publications (CoP) are used for deciphering result for the topic [27]. As the results produced during bibliometrics help in understanding the research traditions by employing citations, refines, resolution parameters, and keywords, certain linkages are framed grouping similar areas of research [28,29]. These linkages or clusters help in systematic scrutinization by gathering themes. ...
The exponential increase in food waste generation has prompted the scientific community to convert it into value-added resources. Hydrogen energy provides a sustainable option to fossil fuels due to its purity, high energy content, with no emissions other than water vapor. Combining the two aspects, a bibliometric analysis was performed for the conversion of food waste to hydrogen energy to evaluate the research trends based on literature in the Scopus database over the last two decades. The cluster analysis supported with the visualization tool aided in conducting a systematic study revealing growing themes and hot issues. The results showed a growing interest in the conversion of food waste to hydrogen energy research with the number of publications increasing by nearly 50 times in the last two decades. Comprehensive journals like the International Journal of Hydrogen Energy were most popular in publishing articles contributing to almost 30% in the research area. The country-wise analysis revealed that China accounted for more than 25% of the articles published followed by South Korea and India while the USA dominated in terms of the number of citations. Lastly, keyword cluster analysis revealed five major research hotspots for future discussion. The study concludes that further perspectives on fuel delivery, environmental impacts, and social acceptance could aid in positive developments in the biohydrogen energy industry.
... The goal of this investigation is to explore the scientific literature on the mesopredator release phenomenon and identify patterns and trends in the scientific production focusing on the topic. For these reasons, we carried out a bibliometric analysis, a technique increasingly used in recent years, to quantitatively review the scientific literature across various disciplines Otte and Rousseau, 2002;Pauna et al., 2019;Pauna et al., 2018;Skaf et al., 2020). ...
Human activities severely impact the distribution and behaviour of apex predators in numerous terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, with cascading effects on several species. Mesopredator outbreaks attributable to the removal of an apex predator have often been recorded and described in the literature as “mesopredator release”. During recent decades several examples of the phenomenon have been observed and studied in many different parts of the world. In this paper, we quantitatively reviewed the existing literature on mesopredator release using two software packages (VOSviewer and CiteSpace) to investigate patterns and trends in author keywords through occurrences and temporal analyses, and creating relative network maps. The results showed that even though the general scientific interest in mesopredator release has increased in recent decades, the vast majority of studies focus on canid species, leaving many other species or entire taxa (e.g., reptiles) understudied and under-described. The connection between invasive species and mesopredator release has only recently been more extensively explored and also the effects of apex predators declining in aquatic ecosystems are still only partially investigated. Due to the increasing effect of biological invasions, overfishing, and either the decline or the rise of apex predators in different parts of the world, we expect an even higher increase in interest and number of published documents on the subject. We also encourage widening the research focus beyond canids to include other important taxa.
... Bibliometric analysis is being used in different topics related to environmental sciences and economics. To cite a few, there are studies related to ecosystem services (VanderWilde and Newell, 2021;Liu et al., 2019;Valentina et al., 2018;Dragos and Dragos, 2013), research in deforestation (Aleixandre-Benavent et al., 2018), forest fires in tropical forests (Juárez-Orozco et al., 2017), sustainable development (Du et al., 2021), environmental taxes (Bashir et al., 2021), circular economy (Martinho and Mourão, 2020;Ruiz-Real et al., 2018), bioeconomy (Bambo and Pouris, 2020), environmental Kuznets Curve (Sarkodie and Strezov, 2019), carbon tax and climate change adaptation (Wang et al., 2018). Romanelli et al. (2018) and Guan et al. (2019) conducted bibliometric analysis on ecological restoration as a research field, but they have only used co-authorship, co-occurrence and/or co-word in their analysis, and none have focused nor identified economic aspects in their analysis. ...
Society is already seeing the ecological and economic benefits from restoration projects. However, the challenge is much bigger than the current efforts from ecologists and economists around the world. The Economics of Restoration is the interdisciplinary research field that is believed to have the necessary tools and instruments to solve this restoration gap, yet a better use and understanding of economic aspects and concepts are still needed. A bibliometric analysis of the field of economics of restoration was done in this study. Bibliometrics can offer insights on the intellectual structure of a discipline and thus indicate future paths for research development. The goal of this study was to identify important and influential economics of restoration research themes and key topics that will strengthen decision-making processes for restoration actions if better addressed in the future. The analysis reveals that few studies go beyond costs, lacking a full estimation of benefits. Economic concepts of uncertainty, public goods and specificity of natural capital are not well incorporated yet, and the relationship between governments and markets, as well as the one between communities and investments, require more attention to scale-up restoration worldwide. This study is believed to be the first one using bibliometrics to guide a discussion around economics of restoration and can be subsequentially replicated in other disciplines.
... To avoid the case in which all authors are mapped to the same location, an average distance between two authors must be 1. Stronger research collaborations have a larger number of authors and links relative to number of distinct coauthorship clusters, as indicated by the total link strength (Van Eck and Waltmann, 2010), which is calculated as the cumulative strength of coauthorship between researchers across all clusters (Pauna et al., 2018). The size of an individual author's ''circle'' within the resulting network is a relative measure of the number of publications that the author has completed alone or in collaboration with others across the network. ...
Houser, C.; Smith, A.; George, E.; Lehner, J., and Lunardi, B., 2021. Loose and limited concepts: Using coauthor network analysis to identify potential gaps in the understanding of barrier islands. Journal of Coastal Research, 37(4), 873–881. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.Understanding of coastal geomorphology expands through collaborative social networks that are expressed through coauthorship. This technical communication examines the structure of coauthorship networks and research on barrier islands with a focus on nearshore bars, rip currents, swash, beach-dune interaction, foredunes, and the backbarrier. Coauthorship in coastal geomorphology is largely based on regional organizational networks and academic lineages, which may limit the cross-fertilization of ideas and techniques that would allow for an improved understanding of barrier island response to storms and sea-level rise. It is also argued that the lack of collaboration has an influence on field sampling strategies and the development of process-based models and machine learning algorithms to predict coastal barrier evolution that ultimately inform coastal management practices.
... Research on ES grew exponentially since the publication of the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment in 2005 (Delgado and Marín 2015;Pauna et al. 2018;Perevochtchikova et al. 2019;Balvanera et al. 2020), although with noticeable differences across countries, ecosystems, and disciplines. Most research has been conducted by scientists in developed countries as the leading ES journals testify, marine ecosystems remain behind terrestrial ecosystems (Arkema et al. 2015), and social scientists other than economists have had a marginal involvement (Chaudhary et al. 2015). ...
Implementation means turning the ecosystem service (ES) recognition into incentives and institutions that will guide wise investments and actions to conserve natural capital, on a large scale. Like many other countries, Argentina and Chile face a discrepancy between the conceptual understanding of ES in science and the limited implementation. This chapter reveals implementation gaps within the Patagonian region of Argentina and Chile and the blind spots that ES research faces in order to support implementation. The introductory section provides an overview of ES research worldwide and, specifically, in Argentina and Chile. The second section reviews the blind spots in current published research conducted in Patagonia. The third section reports examples of ES implementation at the state, private, and society levels. The last section revises the main challenges for ES implementation.
... VOSviewer software was chosen for data processing because it is an open source computer program for creating, viewing, and exploring bibliometric maps [57] and has been previously used in research in various fields to obtain relevant results. Pauna et al. [58] and Anand and Gupta [59] conducted bibliometric analyzes of ecosystem services, Sant et al. [60] conducted research on innovation ecosystems, and Robertson et al. [61] focused on entrepreneurial ecosystems in the public sectors. The construction of science mapping used co-occurrence analysis and co-citation analysis, following the highlighting of the existing realities between different nodes adopting the association strength normalization [62]. ...
The premises of the emergence of concepts about nature and the environment led to the emergence of new directions of philosophy, represented by eco-philosophy and ethics applied to the environment. These ideas result from the interference of philosophy with fields dedicated to studying nature and the environment, all of which have led to new currents of thinking that have shown tendencies toward the development of pro-ecological movements, such as the deep ecology movement or ecological humanism. The paper identifies how philosophy can support humanity, and especially communities, to protect the environment and planet in general through a new specialization the practice of eco-philosophy applied to communities, supporting the need to promote ecological concepts, based on principles and tools taken from philosophy. In order to achieve the objective of the paper, three research questions were stated, and the methodology used consisted of a comparative study of the concepts and a bibliometric analysis of the literature identified for the analyzed fields. The results showed that in previous research, a network was created between the concepts of ecology, philosophy, and ethics. This fact confirms that, to put them into practice, a training program is needed for philosophical consulting practitioners who will apply the knowledge learned in dialogue with individuals or groups, as well as with organizations and the community. The conclusion of the paper supports the development of a dialogue between various areas as a necessary component for developing a sustainable community by implementing new counseling practices for communities, called Eco-Philosophy for Community (EP4com).
... Bibliometric analysis involving the application of mathematical and statistical methods to scholarly publications (Pritchard, 1969) is the cornerstone of modern literature research (Bornmann, 2017). It allows investigating knowledge structure, developing research fields, and capturing the interdisciplinarity of research topics (Reuters, 2008;Pauna et al., 2018;Zou et al., 2018). The goal of traditional citation analysis is to investigate two issues: (i) whether the two articles are connected through citations, (ii) and how many quotes an article has accrued. ...
The term Big Data is becoming increasingly widespread throughout the world, and its use is no longer limited to the IT industry, quantitative scientific research, and entrepreneurship, but entered as well everyday media and conversations. The prevalence of Big Data is simply a result of its usefulness in searching, downloading, collecting and processing massive datasets. It is therefore not surprising that the number of scientific articles devoted to this issue is increasing. However, the vast majority of research papers deal with purely technical matters. Yet, large datasets coupled with complex analytical algorithms pose the risk of non-transparency, unfairness, e.g., racial or class bias, cherry-picking of data, or even intentional misleading of public opinion, including policymakers, for example by tampering with the electoral process in the context of ‘cyberwars’. Thus, this work implements a bibliometric analysis to investigate the development of ethical concerns in the field of Big Data. The investigation covers articles obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection Database (WoS) published between 1900 and July 2020. A sample size of 892 research papers was evaluated using HistCite and VOSviewer software. The results of this investigation shed light on the evolution of the junction of two concepts: ethics and Big Data. In particular, the study revealed the following array of findings: the topic is relatively poorly represented in the scientific literature with the relatively slow growth of interest. In addition, ethical issues in Big Data are discussed mainly in the field of health and technology.
Bu çalışma, sistem düşüncesi ile ilgili yapılan eğitim araştırmalarının bibliyometrik analizini yaparak, bu alandaki araştırmaların yıllara göre dağılımını, atıf sayısını, alana katkı sağlayan yazarlarını, etkili dergileri, etkili ülkeleri, etkili kurumları, ortak yazarlık işbirliklerini, ortak atıf yazarlarını, dergilerin atıf ağlarını ve makalelerde kullanılan anahtar kelimeleri incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma betimsel tarama modelinde tasarlanmıştır. Web of Science (WoS) veri tabanında sistem düşüncesi ile ilgili eğitim araştırmaları kapsamında yayınlanan makalelerin taranması sonucu elde edilen veriler bibliyometrik analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Bibliyometrik analiz sonuçları sistem düşüncesi ile ilgili en fazla makalenin 2022 yılında yayınlandığını, en çok atıf alan çalışmanın “Journal Of Scıence Educatıon And Technology”dergisinde Weintrop vd., tarafından yayınlanan “Defining computational thinking for mathematics and science classrooms” başlıklı makale olduğu, en fazla makalenin “International Journal of Science Education” dergisinde yayımlandığını ortaya koymaktadır. WoS veri tabanında sistem düşüncesi alanında eğitim araştırmaları kategorisinde yayın yapan 717 yazar bulunduğu ve en fazla katkı sağlayan yazarların sırasıyla Assaraf, OBZ, Schechter, C. ve Shaked, H. olduğu tespit edilmiştir. En fazla çalışmanın yayınlandığı kurumun Ben Gurion Üniversitesi olduğu ve en çok yayının Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’ nde yapıldığı dikkat çekmektedir. VOSwiever verileri ülkelerin ortak yazarlık iş birliği çerçevesinde incelendiğinde program 49 ülke tespit etmiş ve bu ülkelerden 29’ u arasında bağlantı gücü saptamıştır. Sistem düşüncesi ile ilgili eğitim araştırmaları kategorisindeki makalelerin ortak anahtar kelime analizi için veriler VOSviewer programı aracılığıyla analiz edilmiş ve toplam 858 tane farklı anahtar kelime saptanmıştır. En az 3 kez kullanılmış olma şeklinde filitreleme yapıldığında 54 ortak kelimenin ortaya çıktığı görülmüştür.
Editorial Preface to Book: Sustainable Manufacturing in Industry 4.0: Pathways and Practices
It is vital to integrate local communities’ perception of ecosystem services (ES) into the management planning of protected areas. We investigated community perceptions of a broad range of ES in the Overa-Aru Wildlife Sanctuary, a designated protected area in Kashmir Himalaya. We conducted focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with selected respondents from five villages inside and around the Sanctuary. We used the Likert scale to evaluate responses. The respondents identified a range of ES furnished by the Sanctuary, with provisioning services being the most important (47.82%) and regulating and cultural services of less but equal importance (26.09% each). In terms of tangible benefits of provisioning services, all the respondents were satisfied with forest and agro-ecosystems (100% respondents). Based on the indicators used to assess the ecological health of the Sanctuary, all respondents supported improvements such as increase in areas of dense forest. Overall, respondents were satisfied with the governmental agencies monitoring biodiversity and supply of drinking water, but not with natural forest regeneration. We found significant variation in community perceptions of ES, revealing relative heterogeneity among the respondents of the surveyed villages. Our results reveal that a suite of ecosystem services furnished by the Sanctuary are valued by the villagers for their basic livelihood requirements. Maintenance of these ES are crucial in achieving regional and global goals of sustainability. Based on our findings, we suggest policy recommendations for the managers of the Sanctuary to develop ES-integrated management strategies that may have more general applications in similar circumstances elsewhere.
The dynamic nature of the technologies associated with the fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR) presents complex scenarios for researchers, practitioners and policymakers alike. To this end, reaching decisions such as what technology to invest/train in could be made easier through a 4IR technology trend predictive tool. In this paper, we apply Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) topic model to identify and predict trends in 4IR technologies. The LDA models were developed and trained using text composed of abstracts, titles and keywords retrieved from 11,7314-IR related to the 2012 to 2022 publications in the Web of Science database. The effectiveness of the resulting tool was then evaluated using text from email message distributed to subscribers of the IEEE’s Tccc-announce mailing list. From the results, our model correctly identifies trends in the following 4IR technologies and applications domains: Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning, Big Data/Data Analytics, Augmented Reality, Smart Manufacturing, Supply Chains, Sustainability and Circular Economy. By plotting and visualizing these trends over time (2019 to 2022), the validation text confirms our tool’s ability to identify the trajectory developments as identified by other similar tools such as Bibliometric Analysis.KeywordsLatent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA)Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR)Technology TrendsBibliometric Analysis and Topic Models
Engelli bireyler, teknolojik imkânlara olan erişimin artmasıyla birlikte gündelik hayat içerisinde daha fazla yer almaya başlamış, yeni deneyimleri tecrübe edebilmiş ve teknoloji sayesinde hayatlarını kolaylaştırıcı kazanımlar elde etmişlerdir. Bu durumun bir sonucu olarak literatürde engelli bireylerle ilgili yapılan araştırmaların sayısında da bir artış yaşanmıştır. Özellikle teknoloji dünyasında sanal ortam tasarımlarının yaygınlaşmasının etkisiyle araştırmacılar birçok engel grubuna yönelik çalışmaları literatüre kazandırmıştır. Mevcut gelişmeler ışığında ele alınan bu çalışma kapsamında Web of Science (WoS) üzerinde taranan ve engelli bireylere yönelik tasarlanan sanal ortam çalışmaları bibliyometrik analize tabi tutulmuş ve elde edilen sonuçlar tartışılmıştır. Virtual Environment (VE) ve Disability (DB) kavramları ekseninde VOSviewer kullanılarak yapılan analizlerde anahtar kelimeler altı kümeye ayrılmıştır. Elde edilen veriler her bir kümenin VE + DB kavramları ile ilişkisinin farklılık gözettiğini göstermektedir. İncelenen çalışmaların ülkelere göre dağılımlarına bakıldığında toplam bağlantı gücüne göre İngiltere, Brezilya ve Hollanda'nın üst sıraları paylaştığı görülmüştür. Atıf sayısı üzerinden yapılan analizler sonucunda ise sanal ortamlar ve engelli bireyler özelinde alana en çok etki eden yazarlar bulgular bölümünde açıklanmıştır. Çalışma neticesinde ortaya konulan bibliyometrik analiz sonuçları; sanal ortam kavramının literatürde yoğun olarak işlendiğini ve engelli bireyler için büyük bir çalışma alanı potansiyeli yarattığını göstermektedir. Bu açıdan değerlendirildiğinde VE + DB araştırma alanının gelecek yıllar içerisinde etki değeri yüksek araştırmaların yapılmasını sağlayacak bir altyapıya sahip olduğunu söylemek mümkündür.
Since the Anthropocene, drastic changes in the relationship between humans and the earth have prompted human beings to pay more attention to the living environment. As a metaphor to reveal the state of humanity and nature, ecosystem health has gradually become an important issue closely related to global sustainable development ever since it was widely discussed in the 1990s. This study reviewed 4354 publications about ecosystem health from the Web of Science Core Collection by using CiteSpace software. In addition, 135 empirical papers were selected to further analyze the evaluation methods and characteristics of ecosystem health. This study was able to answer four questions: (1) What are the definitions, research content, and characteristics of ecosystem health? (2) Are there any features during the different periods of the development of the ecosystem health? Are there geographical differences in the research? (3) What are the methods and cases selected for studying ecosystem health, and under what kind of conditions do they apply? Are there any patterns or characteristics in the use of these methods? (4) What are the gaps and deficiencies in ecosystem health research, and where should we set our focus on in the future? In general, this study combined bibliometric analysis with a systematic review method, aiming to summarize the current status of ecosystem health research, make up for the deficiencies in the current review, and put forward new insights regarding the concept cognition, evaluation, and future outlook of ecosystem health research.
Purpose: This study was conducted with the aim of investigating and drawing the communication network of Iranian researchers with other countries in the field of cancer-related science.
Africa has a long history of novel and re-emerging infectious disease outbreaks. This reality has attracted the attention of researchers interested in the general research theme of predicting infectious diseases. However, a knowledge mapping analysis of literature to reveal the research trends, gaps, and hotspots in predicting Africa's infectious diseases using bibliometric tools has not been conducted. A bibliometric analysis of 247 published papers on predicting infectious diseases in Africa, published in the Web of Science core collection databases, is presented in this study. The results indicate that the severe outbreaks of infectious diseases in Africa have increased scientific publications during the past decade. The results also reveal that African researchers are highly underrepresented in these publications and that the United States of America (USA) is the most productive and collaborative country. The relevant hotspots in this research field include malaria, models, classification, associations, COVID-19, and cost-effectiveness. Furthermore, weather-based prediction using meteorological factors is an emerging theme, and very few studies have used the fourth industrial revolution (4IR) technologies. Therefore, there is a need to explore 4IR predicting tools such as machine learning and consider integrated approaches that are pivotal to developing robust prediction systems for infectious diseases, especially in Africa. This review paper provides a useful resource for researchers, practitioners, and research funding agencies interested in the research theme-the prediction of infectious diseases in Africa-by capturing the current research hotspots and trends.
In recent years, the identification and economic valuation of ecosystem services have been identified as an important tool to recognize and translate nature’s contribution to people’s well-being. It is understood that assessing the economic value of ecosystem services contributes to better decision-making process regarding ecosystems, since it helps evaluation of trade-offs in alternative scenarios. Sandy beaches are among the most valuable coastal ecosystems, especially in regards to cultural services; however, they are still commonly subjected to several impacts that compromise the ecosystem integrity and capacity to provide multiple services, especially in the Global South. For this reason, management policies are crucial to reduce negative impacts. Assessing ecosystem services should be seen as a strategic approach to provide empirical
support to these policies. We reviewed studies assessing and valuing sandy beach services in Brazil to identify strengths and gaps that could guide future studies. Our analysis showed that, despite Brazil being one of the leading countries in
the published literature on sandy beach science, the number of studies assessing and valuing ecosystem services are small. Most of those studies are published in the native language, Portuguese, limiting the possibility of discussion and experience exchange at the international level. The services related to the use of beaches for tourism and leisure are the main category evaluated, and studies seem to focus on tourist beaches, especially those providing monetary evaluation, which follows the global trend. An increase in the number of published studies in recent years suggests a growing interest in the research subject. Based on the literature review, we discuss the results and make recommendations to guide and foster studies assessing beach services in the context of the Ocean Science Decade.
In the agri-food sector, the Life Cycle Assessment method (LCA) is used to evaluate the environmental impact of a product. Within agri-food products, wine is among the most analysed products, not only for its economic importance but also for the environmental impact of its activity. The paper aims to identify the main trends in the wine sector revolving around environmental evaluation using the LCA method in the academic literature. The aim is to investigate the literature on life cycle assessment analysis of grape and wine production through the systematic grouping of papers into clusters of research. So, the purpose is to discuss the gaps and insights identified by the study in order to aid in the development of a comprehensive state of the art on the topic. Scopus and Web of Science were used to search all articles following a clear and replicable protocol. The results (keywords) were subjected to co-occurrence analysis using VOSviewer, after which the articles were further analysed. Through a bibliographic coupling analysis, the research results were grouped through a network analysis that allowed identifying the research trends on the topic. Three clusters were identified containing the main lines of research on the subject. The results show that nowadays the literature is focusing on concerns related to climate change and consumer awareness on sustainability issues and certifications as well as environmental impacts generated mainly in the production phase in the vineyard. The research results are of interest for future research on LCA analysis in the wine sector in order to contribute to the discussion on the current model in the global wine sector.
Marine ecosystems are open, complex, adaptive, and hierarchical systems highly integrated through the exchange of matter and energy flows. This flows exchange allows marine ecosystems to operate at different scales acting as dissipative structures, building natural capital stocks capable of generating several ecosystem services vital for human well-being. Humans derive a wide range of goods and services from marine ecosystems while, at the same time, generate several impacts causing biodiversity loss and seriously affecting their capacity to provide benefits to humans. Effective management strategies are crucial to conserve healthy and diverse marine and coastal ecosystems, maintain the valuable functions and services they provide, and allow for sustainable human activities. In recent years, Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) have been increasingly acknowledged worldwide as important tools to conserve biodiversity and achieve human well-being and sustainable development goals. Assessing the value of natural capital and ecosystem services is crucial to raise awareness on their importance, support conservation strategies, and ensure the sustainable management of marine ecosystems. This study aimed at calculating biomass and emergy-based indicators to assess the value of natural capital stocks in a Mediterranean MPA. The assessment was performed through a biophysical and trophodynamic environmental accounting model fed with field biomass data collected through ad hoc sampling campaigns performed in the MPA. Four main macro-habitats were investigated: sciaphilic hard bottom (coralligenous bioconstructions), photophilic hard bottom, soft bottom, and Posidonia oceanica seagrass beds. The biomass density of the main autotrophic and heterotrophic taxonomic groups identified in the four macro-habitats of the MPA was evaluated. Based on this biomass matrix, the emergy value of natural capital stocks was assessed. The Posidonia oceanica seagrass beds habitat showed the highest biophysical value (2.32·10¹⁹ sej) at MPA scale, while coralligenous bioconstructions resulted the habitat with the highest biophysical value per unit area (2.72·10¹² sej m⁻²). In addition, to complement the biophysical assessment with an economic perspective, the emergy-based indicators were converted into monetary units. The total value of natural capital of the whole MPA resulted in about 46 M€. The results of this study can support local managers and policy makers in the development of management strategies to ensure nature conservation and sustainable human activities. They can be also used as a benchmark for the assessment of natural capital value at larger scales in support of a proper consideration and inclusion of nature value into processes of policy making.
In this closing chapter, we provide a synthesis of the Patagonian ecosystems and ES that were more frequently addressed in the preceding chapters, along with the main transformations and associated drivers. We also synthetize the research gaps and the recommendations provided by the authors and delineate future directions for ES research in Patagonia. Natural and human-induced drivers have modeled and remodeled Patagonian landscapes continuously. The chapters in this book describe recent landscape transformations and the major human-derived impacts on biodiversity and provision of ecosystem services (ES). The chapters also discuss implications of these changes for human well-being and provide recommendations for decision-making.
The study of ecosystem services enables the understanding of the services that ecosystems provide at the landscape level by explaining the relationship between natural capital, ecosystem services, and human wellbeing. The limited number of studies summarizing important themes and approaches used in this area constrain the ability of scholars and practitioners to initiate or incorporate ecosystem services in their own domains of research. This paper develops a structured process that traces efforts in this domain of knowledge and proposes a systematic review of key themes and approaches that have developed over the last 40 years. Further, this study identifies emerging and dominant areas of interest in the field. Key themes represent underlying meanings or ideas widely used in the ecosystem services field and includes trending or rising topics. Approaches include tools, frameworks, perspectives and management strategies to analyze, assess, and quantify ecosystem services. Analyses showed that, among key themes, conservation of biodiversity and landscape planning had the most activity and interest. Among approaches, economic valuation showed the highest levels of activity, while conceptual framework was the most cited. This review paper contributes a guide to progress in ecosystem service research and provides a comprehensive understanding of its evolution and development.
The payments for ecosystem services are innovative instruments based on the creation of market for goods and services provided by natural ecosystems to stimulate the offer of positive externalities.
The aim of the present study was to analyze the scientific production on payments for ecosystem services - focusing on the forest sector - both at national and international level in the period 2005-2019. To that end, a literature review is conducted through three steps: (1) identification of publications in English on payments for ecosystem/environmental services using Scopus database; (2) identification of publications in Italian on payments for ecosystem/environmental services using Google Scholar and the databases of the main Italian forestry journals; (3) bibliometric analysis of the publications collected using a bibliometric network analysis and a textual analysis.
The results of this study show a steady increase in the number of publications per year from 2005 to today, corresponding to an average number of 81.8 publications per year using the term “payments for ecosystem services” and 46.3 per year using the term “payments for environmental services”. Approximately 40% of total scientific production about this topic focuses on forests. The country with highest number of publications is the United States, while the member countries of the European Union have contributed to 25% of total scientific production. In addition, the results show a rich scientific production in Italian (47 publications corresponding to 3,1 publications per year), but the majority of these publications refers to these innovative market-based instruments to protect natural capital and ecosystem services without providing detailed information from the theoretical and practical point of view. In this context, it would be useful to increase the technical-scientific production in Italian (protocols, manuals, guidelines) with the aim of supporting forest managers in disseminating these market-based instruments in Italy.
Background and aim: Today, in scientometrics, the keywords of scientific products are used to evaluate the scientific outputs of different scientific fields. In this research, the keywords of scientific products of Iranian experts in the field of air pollution indexed in international databases were used for content analysis. Materials and methods: This applied study was done using scientometric techniques and software. The data of this research were extracted from the Web of Science from 1983 to 2018. The research population consisted of 1054 documents using Latin keywords related to infection and its roots and in accordance with the database search strategy. The Bib Excel, SPSS, UCINET and Excel were used to analyze the data. Findings: The findings of this study showed that in terms of frequency, the keywords "Tehran" and "suspended particles" had the highest frequency. Findings also indicated that the scientific products of Iranian researchers in the field of air pollution consisted of 11 clusters so that clusters 1 and 11 were the most frequent clusters with 14 and 13 words, respectively. According to the findings, American researchers had the most cooperation with Iranian researchers by producing 91 documents. Moreover, in the period under study, research and executive institutions in the field of air pollution had the lowest scientific products. Conclusion: The scientific productions of Iranian researchers have been growing in the specified years. Furthermore, the word density maps in the field of air pollution illustrate the word density of "air quality" and "suspended particles" in the maps.
The National Sustainable Development Strategy (NSDS) – developed in 2017 – is aimed to integrate the three pillars of sustainability (environment, economic, social) including at the same time the stakeholders’ knowledge, skills and points of view. In the implementation of the NSDS, the national forest sector can play a key role in achieving different strategic objectives regarding the sustainable management of natural resources and the supply of ecosystem goods and services useful to human beings. In this context, the forest-wood chain must be managed in a circular bioeconomy perspective based on the 4R framework (Reduce, Reuse, Recycle, Recover) – aimed to reduce the negative impacts of production cycle on environment – and on the allocation of forest-wood chain’s outputs following the cascading approach. The present study was conducted as part of the project “Decision Support System to improve the performance of the forest-wood supply chain in a circular bioeconomy perspective (FOR.CIRCULAR)” with the aim to identify a set of indicators suitable to assess the performance of the forest sector on a local scale in a circular bioeconomy perspective. The study was developed in three steps: i) literature review concerning peer-review publications on the bioeconomy in general and on the circular bioeconomy in particular; ii) identification of publications focused on the circular bioeconomy indicators; iii) development of a list of circular bioeconomy indicators suitable to be applied to the forest-based sector on a local scale. At the end of the three steps, 15 indicators useful for assessing the performance of the forest-wood supply chain at local level according to the principles of the circular bioeconomy were identified.
The first public product of the Intergovernmental Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (IPBES) is its Conceptual Framework. This conceptual and analytical tool, presented here in detail, will underpin all IPBES functions and provide structure and comparability to the syntheses that IPBES will produce at different spatial scales, on different themes, and in different regions. Salient innovative aspects of the IPBES Conceptual Framework are its transparent and participatory construction process and its explicit consideration of diverse scientific disciplines, stakeholders, and knowledge systems, including indigenous and local knowledge. Because the focus on co-construction of integrative knowledge is shared by an increasing number of initiatives worldwide, this framework should be useful beyond IPBES, for the wider research and knowledge-policy communities working on the links between nature and people, such as natural, social and engineering scientists, policy-makers at different levels, and decisionmakers in different sectors of society.
Mapping and assessment of ecosystems and their services
An analytical framework for ecosystem assessments under action 5 of the EU biodiversity strategy to 2020 : discussion paper – final, April 2013
Action 5 of the EU Biodiversity Strategy to 2020 calls Member States to map and assess the state of ecosystems and their services in their national territory with the assistance of the European Commission. The objective of this discussion paper is to support the development of a coherent analytical framework to be applied by the EU and its Member States in order to ensure consistent approaches are used. In line with the Millennium Ecosystem assessment, the objective of the EU assessment is to provide a critical evaluation of the best available information for guiding decisions on complex public issues. It is therefore framed by a broad set of key policy questions. It is structured around a conceptual framework that links human societies and their well-being with the environment. More specifically, the paper proposes a typology of ecosystems to be assessed and mapped and the use of the Common International Classification of Ecosystem Services (CICES) developed for environmental accounting purposes
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Corporate author(s): European Commission, Directorate-General for the Environment Themes: Environment policy and protection of the environment, Environmental research Target audience: Specialised/Technical Key words: ecosystem, environmental protection, environmental economics, environmental policy, common strategy, biodiversity, ecology, environmental monitoring, environmental indicator
The services of ecological systems and the natural capital stocks that produce them are critical to the functioning of the Earth's life-support system. They contribute to human welfare, both directly and indirectly, and therefore represent part of the total economic value of the planet. We have estimated the current economic value of 17 ecosystem services for 16 biomes, based on published studies and a few original calculations. For the entire biosphere, the value (most of which is outside the market) is estimated to be in the range of US$16–54 trillion (10 12) per year, with an average of US$33 trillion per year. Because of the nature of the uncertainties, this must be considered a minimum estimate. Global gross national product total is around US$18 trillion per year.
Natural capital can be defined as the stock of natural resources generating a "natural income" in terms of valuable flows of different types of ecosystem goods and services. According to "strong sustainability", natural capital is irreplaceable with manufactured capital and it ensures a life support system vital for human well-being. In this study, the global scientific literature on natural capital was explored by performing a bibliometric network analysis. The investigation of the networks of authors, countries, journals, and keywords allowed a comprehensive overview of the scientific literature on natural capital. Results showed an increase in the attention given to the topic of natural capital worldwide. The combined use of social network analysis and bibliometrics proved to be a promising approach for exploring the scientific literature by applying systems thinking in bibliometric science.
Mapping knowledge domain (MKD) is an important application of visualization technology in Bibliometrics, which has been extensively applied in psychology, medicine, and information science. In this paper we conduct a systematic analysis of the development trend on road safety studies based on the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCIE) and Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) articles published between 2000 and 2018 using the MKD software tools VOSviewer and Sci2 Tool. Based on our analysis, we first present the annual numbers of articles, origin countries, main research organizations and groups as well as the source journals on road safety studies. We then report the collaborations among the main research organizations and groups using co-authorship analysis. Furthermore, we adopt the document co-citation analysis, keywords co-occurrence analysis, and burst detection analysis to visually explore the knowledge bases, topic distribution, research fronts and research trends on road safety studies. The proposed approach based on the visualized analysis of MKD can be used to establish a reference information and research basis for the application and development of methods in the domain of road safety studies. In particular, our results show that the knowledge bases (classical documents) of road safety studies in the last two decades have focused on five major areas of "Crash Frequency Data Analysis", "Driver Behavior Questionnaire", "Safety in Numbers for Walkers and Bicyclists", "Road Traffic Injury and Prevention", and "Driving Speed and Road Crashes". Among the research topics, the five dominant clusters are "Causation and Injury Severity Analysis of Road Accidents", "Epidemiologic Study and Prevention of Road Traffic Injury", "Intelligent Transportation System and Active Safety", "Young drivers' driving behavior and psychology", and "Older drivers' psychological and physiological characteristics". Finally, the burst keywords in research trends include Cycling, Intelligent Transportation Systems, and Distraction.
It has been 20 years since two seminal publications about ecosystem services came out: an edited book by Gretchen Daily and an article in Nature by a group of ecologists and economists on the value of the world's ecosystem services. Both of these have been very highly cited and kicked off an explosion of research, policy, and applications of the idea, including the establishment of this journal. This article traces the history leading up to these publications and the subsequent debates, research, institutions, policies, on-the-ground actions, and controversies they triggered. It also explores what we have learned during this period about the key issues: from definitions to classification to valuation, from integrated modelling to public participation and communication, and the evolution of institutions and governance innovation. Finally, it provides recommendations for the future. In particular, it points to the weakness of the mainstream economic approaches to valuation, growth, and development. It concludes that the substantial contributions of ecosystem services to the sustainable wellbeing of humans and the rest of nature should be at the core of the fundamental change needed in economic theory and practice if we are to achieve a societal transformation to a sustainable and desirable future.
This chapter provides an introduction to the topic of visualizing bibliometric networks. First, the most commonly studied types of bibliometric networks (i.e., citation, co-citation, bibliographic coupling, keyword co-occurrence, and coauthorship networks) are discussed, and three popular visualization approaches (i.e., distance-based, graph-based, and timeline-based approaches) are distinguished. Next, an overview is given of a number of software tools that can be used for visualizing bibliometric networks. In the second part of the chapter, the focus is specifically on two software tools: VOSviewer and CitNetExplorer. The techniques used by these tools to construct, analyze, and visualize bibliometric networks are discussed. In addition, tutorials are offered that demonstrate in a step-by-step manner how both tools can be used. Finally, the chapter concludes with a discussion of the limitations and the proper use of bibliometric network visualizations and with a summary of some ongoing and future developments.
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