Talking Aviation Safety: How to makes airplanes safer

Abstract

Traveling by airplane these days is significantly safer than participating in road traffic. Yet, selective media coverage of fatal plane accidents make us feel unsafe about flying. What are the actual hazards in aviation today? What are they caused by, and how could they be prevented in future? With modern aircrafts being complex technological systems in a complex physical environment (so called cyber-physical systems), aeronautical engineering steadily work to improve understanding of aviation risks and solutions to tackle them. The aircrafts of tomorrow will be able to provide guidance and assistance to their pilots and, if
necessary, take over from them.
A particular hazard in civil aviation are stall events, often leading to incidents of in-flight loss of control—IATA’s “highest risk of aviation safety.” Here, the air stream of the plane’s main wings is interrupted and subsequently, insufficient lift is generated. Stall events typically occurs when the aircraft’s nose is (accidentally) pulled up beyond a certain limit, e.g., when the pilots are misled by erroneous instruments. However, horizontal or vertical wind gusts, too, may cause stall and are hard to anticipate. Recovering a stalled airplane is a difficult task as the pilot needs to increase the speed in order to gain lift while paying attention of the altitude above ground. Coinciding spins around one or multiple of the aircraft’s axes further hinder the manoeuvre. Today, aeronautical engineers are working on stall and spin recovery approaches guiding the pilot to successful interceptions as well as automated recovery solutions.
This study is dedicated to the open communication of aeronautical engineering effort to ensure aviation safety. Joining forces of engineering science and illustration art, we provide a comprehensive guide to aviation safety, explaining the physical background of modern day
hazards and the cutting-edge technologies designed to prevent those.

Full text

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REFERENCES
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