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Flora de Lomas de Atiquipa
Abstract
El libro Flora de Lomas de Atiquipa, contiene un breve reseña sobre las antiguas civilizaciones que residieron en el lugar, una descripción paisaje-ecológica y datos sobre 150 especies de plantas que crecen de forma silvestre en el lugar, adicionalmente se presenta un listado preliminar de las especies presentes en las lomas de Atiquipa.
The book Flora de Lomas de Atiquipa, contains a brief review of the ancient civilizations that lived there, a landscape-ecological description and data on 150 species of plants that grow wild in the place, in addition a preliminary list of the species present in the Atiquipa lomas.
Eulychnia ritteri is endemic to Peru, restricted to the northern coast of the de-partment of Arequipa. The lack of knowledge of this species, and threats such as human activities and climate change, put the populations at risk. In this research, we examined the geographical distribution and conservation status of E. ritteri in the coastal area of the Caravelí province. In addition, the population structure and phenology in the Quebrada Vizcachani population were evaluated using plots of 10x100 m. Data on the accompanying flora and local fauna were also obtained. Eulychnia ritteri showed five populations distributed from 15°43’ to 15°47’S, with a total area of 63.62 ha (0.63 km2). The Quebrada Vizcachani population is the largest (24.5 ha) and the Cementerio population the smallest (0.018 ha). The population density evaluated is 0.06 ind/m2, where seedlings, juveniles, adults, and dead plants were 3.61, 24.09, 56.63 and 15.67% respectively. The phenology was asynchronous, the flower buds, flowers and fruits appear in the same period. The flowers and fruits were food for insects and rodents respectively, and 18 accompanying species have been recorded. Finally, E. ritteri is categorised as endangered (EN), given its geographical distribution and identified threats.
Eulychnia ritteri is endemic to Peru, restricted to the northern coast of the department of Arequipa. The lack of knowledge of this species, and threats such as human activities and climate change, put the populations at risk. In this research, we examined the geographical distribution and conservation status of E. ritteri in the coastal area of the Caravelí province. In addition, the population structure and phenology in the Quebrada Vizcachani population were evaluated using plots of 10x100 m. Data on the accompanying flora and local fauna were also obtained. Eulychnia ritteri showed five populations distributed from 15°43’ to 15°47’S, with a total area of 63.62 ha (0.63 km2). The Quebrada Vizcachani population is the largest (24.5 ha) and the Cementerio population the smallest (0.018 ha). The population density evaluated is 0.06 ind/m2, where seedlings, juveniles, adults, and dead plants were 3.61, 24.09, 56.63 and 15.67% respectively. The phenology was asynchronous, the flower buds, flowers and fruits appear in the same period. The flowers and fruits were food for insects and rodents respectively, and 18 accompanying species have been recorded. Finally, E. ritteri is categorised as endangered (EN), given its geographical distribution and identified threats.
The western coast of South America [5–30°S lat] is dominated by desert conditions that form a continuous, hyper-arid belt, broken only by occasional river valleys. The native, non-riparian vegetation of these deserts is largely confined to localities where recurring fogs meet the near-shore terrain. The fogs supply moisture for the development of plant communities here termed lomas formations. The lomas formations range over 3500 km and contain a combined vascular flora of over 1400 species. Individual lomas formations are isolated and endemism is high, reaching over 40% in some localities. This paper summarizes the current state of knowledge on the distribution and origin of the family Solanaceae within the lomas formations. The family is represented by 18 genera and 128 species arrayed in five subfamilies: Cestroideae, Nicotianoideae, Petunioideae, Schizanthoideae, and Solanoideae. Among the genera with endemic species are Exodeconus, Grabowskia, Jaltomata, Leptoglossis, Lycium, Nicotiana, Nolana, Reyesia, Schizanthus, Salpiglossis, and Solanum (including Lycopersicon). No fewer than 90 endemic species are recorded from the lomas formations, and Nolana, with 70 endemic lomas species, stands out as the largest and most wide-ranging genus of the lomas flora and the only genus to be encountered in all lomas formations. Different biogeographic patterns, i.e., autodisjunctions and allodisjunctions, are displayed and these reflect different arrival times and origins for the members of this specialized floristic community. Short-term climatic fluctuations, such as El Niño events, and long-term climatic change associated with glacial cycles have been influential in expansions and contractions in the floras of the Andean Cordillera. 7 132 A FESTSCHRIFT FOR WILLIAM G. D' ARCY F or nearly 3500 km along the western coast of South America [5°–30°S latitude], the Atacama and Peruvian Deserts form a con-tinuous, hyper-arid belt, broken only by occasional river valleys from the Andean Cordillera. Though this is one of the driest places on Earth, it is home to an extraordinary type of vegetation termed lomas formations (Dillon, 1997; Dillon & Hoffmann, 1997; Rundel et al., 1991). These highly endemic plant communities occur in near-shore locations where ocean fog provides sufficient moisture for the development of vegetation. Each locality is an island of vegeta-tion among a virtual ocean of arid desert, and over 100 such localities have been identified from northern Peru to central Chile (Fig. 1). The size and topography of individual formations vary greatly, as does the distance between formations. Rundel et al. (1991) provided a detailed discussion of the climate, geomorphology, and vegetation of this region, but a brief review of the major points is warranted for the current discussion.
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