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NEEM IN SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE

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A M Grodzinsky
A M Grodzinsky
A M Grodzinsky
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Shamsher S Narwal at Allelopathy Journal
Shamsher S Narwal
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NEEM
IN SUSTAINABLE
AGRICULTURE
Editors
Shamsher S. Narwal
Patric Tauro
and
S.S.
Bisla
C.C.S.
Haryana Agricultural University
Hisar - 125 004,
India
SCIENTIFIC
PUBLISHERS
P.O.
Box
91, IODHPUR,INDIA
CONTENTS
Prefnce
List oJ ContribtLfors
7)t I
lr
1.
Botany C.M. Kctknr
and M.S. Ketkor 1
2.
Genetic
Improvement S.S.
Bis/a nnd
V. Iicniwsl 13
3. Tree
Management D.P.S. Nnndnl
ard R.
Bnlrodtrr 33
4. Agroforestry A.5. Gill 51
5.
Fertilizer
Management S.S.
Nnnunl ard T. Singlt 59
6. Tobacco Research
M.S. ChLtri, C. Rantaprasad,
P.S.N. Mtrrtlry and 77
S.S. Sitttrantinh
7. Groundnut Researcn
M.P. Clruttnde , V. Nantlgopol
anLl
S. Dcsai 101
8. Black
pepper Research
S. Deuasahntlnm
atd M. Arradraj 117
9. Insects-Pests
Managemerrt
of Agricultural Crops
A.K. Dhawan and G.S. Dhtrliutal 1.23
10.
Stored Grains Insects-pests
Management
H. Singh, V. Ktunar,
R. Kunnr nnd H.R. Rohilln I47
11.
Nematode Management V.
Moztm'tder 163
12.
Plant Diseases
Management
R.S.
Slngh
and H.V.
Singh 179
xtl
Crmtents
13. Pulses
Pests
Management
R.P'
Yadtt',ta,
B' Singh,
M'G' Heider'
B'K' Sinlw 193
14.
Oilseeds
Pests
Management
V. Kttmar,
H. Singh
and
R' Kumar 207
15.
Cotton Pests
Management
A.K. Dhawan
and G'S' Dhaliwal 215
16.
Nematode Management in Horticultural Crops
P.P.
Reddy,
M.S. Rno and M' Nngesh 229
17. Ginger Diseases
Management
N P' Dohroo
nnd N' Pqthania 247
18.
Industrial Uses
and Commercialization
B.S.
Pnnnat 251
Author Index 267
Subiectlndex 263
... Many firms provide incentives for farmers to comply with farming practices that can reduce the harmful e↵ects of agricultural practice on the environment. Such practices include the use of composted plant material or animal manure to enrich soil and the use of ladybugs and spiders to control agricultural pests to decrease the use of chemicals (Gold 2009). We examine the case when a firm such as Barilla (Formentini et al. 2014) or Starbucks (Lee 2007) o↵ers a price premium h to farmers who comply with 'sustainable', 'organic', or meeting the requirements of a third-party certification body or indeed any other desirable farming practices required by the buying firm. ...
An analysis of partially-guaranteed-price contracts between farmers and agri-food companies
Article
  • Apr 2016
  • EUR J OPER RES
Global agri-food companies such as Barilla and SABMiller are purchasing agricultural products directly from farmers using different types of contracts to ensure stable supply. We examine one such contract with partially-guaranteed prices (PGP). Under a PGP contract, around sowing time, the buying firm agrees to purchase the crop when harvested by the farmer, offering a guaranteed unit price for any fraction of the produce and offering the commodity market price prevailing at the time of delivery for the remainder. The farmer then chooses the fraction. By analyzing a Stackelberg game, we show (1) how the PGP contract creates mutual benefits when the firm’s purchase quantity is taken as being exogenous. We also analyze how the PGP contract is robust in creating value for both the firm and the farmer (2) when the firm’s purchase quantity is endogenously determined; (3) when the firm provides advisory services to the farmer; and (4) when the firm offers a price premium as an incentive for farmers to exert efforts to comply with ‘sustainable’ agricultural practices.
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... It can also be described as an ecosystem approach to agricultural domain. It promotes food security and enhances environment quality by utilizing natural resources to make a better ecosystem [1]. E-Agriculture is a field which focuses on the development of agricultural domain and rural practice through information and communication technologies. ...
An Architectural Framework for E-Agricultural System
Conference Paper
Full-text available
  • Apr 2016
India is an agricultural country. Farmers are the life-blood of the nation. But the current condition of a farmer in India is very pathetic. Today farmers are not able to enjoy the yield produced by them. The farmers should be introduced to the modern farming techniques because upon their well-being depends the welfare of the nation. Here, ICT plays a very important role meeting these challenges. Precision farming and modern society can play important roles in promoting ICT in agriculture. But the adoption is very slow in nature due to the number of yet unresolved issues discussed in earlier developed projects. The paper presents a generic framework for e-agricultural system comprising of knowledge management and monitoring system and also gives a brief description of the application interface.
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A Sustainable Approach to Combat Climate Change: Case Studies from Some Urban Systems
Chapter
  • Apr 2022
Today, the world is facing great challenge for sustainable development, threatened by recent trends in growing proportion of global urban population and associated activity and consequent global climate change. This chapter highlights the relation between the two most concerned issues of the twenty‐first century, i.e. urbanisation and climate change; sustainable development goals (SDGs) in relation to urbanisation and climate change mitigation and adaptation; the potential approaches for achieving the goal of sustainable urban development with focus on the role of green infrastructure to combat climate change; and case studies that will advance the systematic learning on urban mitigation and adaptation options. The global warming and climate change is one of the most major challenges for the sustainable development, and thus, they act as biggest obstacle for SDGs’ 2030 Agenda. Given that urban centres concentrate affluence and population and are integrally linked to environmental changes.
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Development of a New Method To Prepare Nano-/microparticles Loaded with Extracts of Azadirachta indica, Their Characterization and Use in Controlling Plutella xylostella
Article
  • Sep 2013
  • J AGR FOOD CHEM
Biodegradable nanoparticles have been widely explored as carriers for controlled delivery of therapeutic molecules; however, studies describing the development of nanoparticles as carriers for biopesticide products are few. In this work, a new method to prepare nanoparticles loaded with neem (Azadirachta indica) extracts is presented. In our study, nanoparticles were formulated as colloidal suspension and (spray-dried) powder, and characterized by evaluating pH, particle size, zeta potential, morphology, absolute recovery, and entrapment efficiency. A high-performance liquid chromatography method was used for nanoparticle characterization. The best formulations presented absolute recovery and entrapment efficiencies of approximately 100%, and a release profile based on swelling and relaxation of the polymer or polymer erosion. The biological data of the formulated products against Plutella xylostella showed 100% larval mortality. The nanoparticle information improved the stability of neem products against ultraviolet radiation, and increased their dispersion in the aqueous phase.
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Ectomycorrhizal-Dominated Boreal and Tropical Forests Have Distinct Fungal Communities, but Analogous Spatial Patterns across Soil Horizons
Article
Full-text available
Fungi regulate key nutrient cycling processes in many forest ecosystems, but their diversity and distribution within and across ecosystems are poorly understood. Here, we examine the spatial distribution of fungi across a boreal and tropical ecosystem, focusing on ectomycorrhizal fungi. We analyzed fungal community composition across litter (organic horizons) and underlying soil horizons (0-20 cm) using 454 pyrosequencing and clone library sequencing. In both forests, we found significant clustering of fungal communities by site and soil horizons with analogous patterns detected by both sequencing technologies. Free-living saprotrophic fungi dominated the recently-shed leaf litter and ectomycorrhizal fungi dominated the underlying soil horizons. This vertical pattern of fungal segregation has also been found in temperate and European boreal forests, suggesting that these results apply broadly to ectomycorrhizal-dominated systems, including tropical rain forests. Since ectomycorrhizal and free-living saprotrophic fungi have different influences on soil carbon and nitrogen dynamics, information on the spatial distribution of these functional groups will improve our understanding of forest nutrient cycling.
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