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Nomenclatural changes and corrections for some previously described AustralAsian truffle-like fungi (Basidiomycetes)

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Teresa Lebel
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Abstract

Several new combinations and corrections to various names of Australian truffle-like fungi are made, and new Mycobank numbers assigned to updated nomenclature.
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© Royal Botanic Gardens Victoria 2017 ISSN: 0077-1813 (print) · ISSN: 2204-2032 (online)
Muelleria
36: 8–14
Published online in advance of the print edition, 10 November 2017.
Nomenclatural changes and corrections
for some previously described Australasian
true-like fungi (Basidiomycetes)
T. Lebel
National Herbarium of Victoria, Birdwood Avenue, Melbourne, Victoria, 3004, Australia;
e-mail: teresa.lebel@rbg.vic.gov.au
Abstract
Several new combinations and
corrections to various names of
Australian true-like fungi are made,
and new Mycobank numbers assigned
to updated nomenclature.
Keywords: sequestrate, Russula,
Oudemansiella, new combinations
Introduction
Amendments to various names of Australasian true-like fungi are made
herein. Some are new combinations to better show anities of taxa to
epigeal relatives, and to reect changed understanding of phylogenetic
relationships within dierent genera. Some new names are proposed as
well to cover those taxa for which there are existing names, and names
that are invalid for various reasons are validated.
In a special case, a databasing error at Mycobank (MB) created a curious
situation in Stephanospora where the same MB number was issued to
three dierent taxa named by dierent authors. Mycobank has resolved
this by issuing new numbers for the aected taxa. The opportunity is
taken to include this information in order to aid the dissemination of the
changed MB numbers.
New combinations
OUDEMANSIELLA
Lebel & Catcheside (2009) revised the true-like genus Cribbea, providing
molecular and morphological support for the placement of this genus in
the Physalacriaceae. However, insucient support for deeper branches in
the phylogeny and ongoing broader discussions as to generic boundaries
(ie Hymenopellis vs Oudemansiella, Protoxerula, or Xerula), meant that there
was not a suciently strong case for moving species of Cribbea to one
Muelleria 9
of the epigeal genera at the time (Lebel & Catcheside
2009). Petersen & Hughes (2010) made the choice to
split the group and to recognize seven genera, four
of them newly described, some of them distinctly
not monophyletic, but morphologically distinct and
homogeneous. The position of genera in their analyses
depends upon the gene region the phylogeny is based
upon. It is preferable to recognise three well supported
monophyletic clades (ITS/LSU): Xerula s.str., Paraxerula,
and Oudemansiella (inclusive of Hymenopellis,
Protoxerula, Ponticulomyces, Dactylosporina, and
Cribbea), rather than poorly supported paraphyletic
clades (Park et al. 2017).
In this paper, we make the necessary nomenclatural
changes to the true-like taxa that previously belonged
to the genus Cribbea.
Oudemansiella andina (Speg.) T.Lebel &
T.W.May comb.nov.
MB 820011
Secotium andinum Speg., Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos
Aires, Ser. 3 1: 55 (1902)
Cribbea andina (Speg.) J.E.Wright & E.Horak,
Darwiniana 12(4): 607 (1961)
No DNA sequence data are available, but
microscopically the morphology of the spores and
cystidia closely resemble those of other taxa in
Oudemansiella.
Oudemansiella gloriosa (D.A.Reid) T.Lebel &
T.W.May comb. nov.
MB 820012
Secotium gloriosum D.A.Reid, Kew Bull. [10]: 646 (1956)
[1955], Queensland, base of rotten tree; Holotype: K(M)
4469!
Cribbea gloriosa (D.A.Reid) A.H.Sm. & D.A.Reid,
Mycologia 54(1): 99 (1962)
Secotium lamellatum J.W.Cribb, Pap. Dept. Bot. Univ.
Queensland 3: 107 (1956), Queensland, Holotype: K(M)
146567!
Cribbea lamellata (J.W.Cribb) A.H.Sm. & D.A.Reid,
Mycologia 54(1): 101 (1962)
Synonymy of Secotium lamellatum with S. gloriosum
was established by Lebel & Catcheside (2009).
Oudemansiella reticulata (J.W.Cribb) T.Lebel &
T.W.May comb.nov.
MB 820013
Secotium reticulatum J.W.Cribb, Pap. Dept. Bot. Univ.
Queensland 3: 108 (1956), Queensland; Holotype: K(M)
133178!
Cribbea reticulata (J.W.Cribb) A.H.Sm. & D.A.Reid,
Mycologia 54(1): 103 (1962)
Oudemansiella turbinispora (P.S.Catches. &
T.Lebel) T.Lebel & T.W.May comb.nov.
MB 820014
Cribbea turbinispora P.S.Catches. & T.Lebel, Austral.
Syst. Bot. 22(1): 48 (2009), South Australia, Catcheside
1590; Holotype: AD!
RUSSULA
In all published phylogenies, sequences from
sequestrate forms placed in Cystangium, Elasmomyces,
Gymnomyces and Macowanites nest within Russula
with strong support. Furthermore, the sequestrate
forms do not form separate clades, but rather, the
sequestrate species are scattered through the Russula
clade, sometimes deeply nested (Lebel & Tonkin 2007;
Miller et al 2001; Eberhardt & Verbeken 2004; Verbeken
et al 2014). Therefore, the following sequestrate taxa,
most recently placed in Cystangium, Elasmomyces,
Gymnomyces or Macowanites, are transferred to Russula.
Russula balpinea (Grgur.) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820015
Cystangium balpineum Grgur., Larger Fungi S. Australia
53 (1997). Mt Lofty, S.A., 29 Mar. 1924, J.B. Cleland;
Holotype: AD 9757.
Russula bispora (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820016
Cystangium bisporum T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16:
373 (2003). Burraga Swamp Trail, Allyn Rd, Barrington
Tops Natl Park, N.S.W., 28 Apr. 1992, M. Castellano & J.M.
Trappe H5648; Holotype: DAR.
Nomenclatural changes and corrections for truffle-like fungi
10 Vol 36
Lebel
Russula boranupensis (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820018
Gymnomyces boranupensis T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 403 (2003). Point Rd, Boranup Natl Park, W.A., 20 Jul.
1993, J.M. Trappe 14803; Holotype: PERTH.
Russula capitis-orae (Dring) T.Lebel comb.nov.
MB 820020
Elasmomyces capitis-orae Dring, in Dring & Pegler, Kew
Bull. 32(3): 564 (1978). Ghana: Cape Coast, 23 May 1975,
Rose 7523 (K(M), Holotype).
Cystangium capitis-orae (Dring) T.Lebel, Mycotaxon 81:
197 (2002)
Russula clavata (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820021
Cystangium clavatum T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16:
375 (2003). Kirrama, Qld, 9 May 1991, M. Castellano,
Y. Prin & N. Malajczuk H4721; Holotype: BRI; isotype: MEL
2145888, PERTH.
Russula costatispora (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820022
Gymnomyces costatisporus T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 405 (2003). Deep R., Nuyts Wilderness, Walpole Natl
Park, W.A., 22 Jul. 1993, J.M. Trappe 14896; Holotype:
PERTH; isotype: MEL 2146440, PERTH.
Russula eburnea (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820023
Gymnomyces eburneus T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16:
408 (2003). Junction of Black Mountain Rd and Rams
Horn Track (NE side), Alpine Natl Park, Vic., 17 May 1999,
J.M. Trappe s.n. (Claridge 2019); Holotype: MEL 2126522.
Russula eildonensis (G.W.Beaton, Pegler &
T.W.K.Young) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820024
Gymnomyces eildonensis G.W.Beaton, Pegler &
T.W.K.Young, Kew Bull. 39: 680 (1984). Junction of Snobs
Ck and Conns Gap, near Eildon, Vic., 3 May 1982, K. & G.W.
Beaton (Beaton 2); isotype: K(M).
Russula furcatispina (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820025
Gymnomyces furcatispinus T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 411 (2003). Burraga Swamp Trail, Allyn Rd, Barrington
Tops Natl Park, N.S.W., 28 Apr. 1992, T. Lebel H5653;
Holotype: DAR; isotype: MEL 2146443, PERTH.
Russula glarea (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820026
Gymnomyces glarea T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16: 412
(2003). Hellyer Gorge, Tas., 14 May 1991, M. Castellano
H4890; Holotype: HO; isotype: MEL 2146460, PERTH.
Russula leucocarpa (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.nov.
MB 820035
Gymnomyces leucocarpus T.Lebel, New Zealand J. Bot.
40(3): 497 (2002). New Zealand, South Island, Buller,
Matakitaki Bridge Scenic Reserve, R.E. Beever, 10 Aug.
1998; Holotype: PDD 69223.
Russula longispora (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820036
Gymnomyces longisporus T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16:
415 (2003). Bussel Hwy, Ludlow Natl Park, S of Capel, 19
Jul. 1993, M. Castellano s.n. (J.M. Trappe 14716); Holotype:
PERTH; isotype: MEL 2146444.
Russula luteobrunnea (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820037
Cystangium luteobrunneum T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 380 (2003). Big Tree Track, Lemonthyme, Tas., 12 May
1991, M. Castellano H4845; Holotype: HO.
Russula macrocystidia (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820038
Cystangium macrocystidium T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 380 (2003). Speeler Track, Cradle Mountain Natl Park,
Tas., 13 May 1991, M. Castellano H5032; Holotype: HO;
isotype: MEL 2146432, OSC, PERTH.
Muelleria 11
Nomenclatural changes and corrections for truffle-like fungi
Russula mattiroloana (Cavara) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820039
Elasmomyces mattiroloanus Cavara [as ‘mattirolianus’],
Malpighia 11(9-10): 426 (1897)
Secotium mattiroloanum (Cavara) E. Fisch., in Engler &
Prantl, Nat. Panzenfam., Teil. I (Leipzig) 1**: 301 (1900)
Macowanites mattiroloanus (Cavara) T. Lebel & Trappe
[as ‘mattirolianus’], Mycologia 92(6): 1194 (2000). Toscana,
Firenze, Tosco-Romagnolo Appenine Mountains,
Vallombrosa forest, under Abies alba, summer 1896,
leg. F. Cavara (FH-Dodge Herb. #2087 & NY-Zeller Herb.
#1671, as isotypus of Arcangeliella borziana).
For further discussion of the type status of this taxon,
view Vidal (2004).
Russula megaspora (Rodway) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820040
Gymnomyces megasporus Rodway, Pap. & Proc. Roy.
Soc. Tasmania 1925: 168 (1926)
Octaviania megaspora (Rodway) G.Cunn., New
Zealand J. Agric. Res., A. 22: 300B (1941)
Cystangium megasporum (Rodway) T.Lebel &
Castellano, Mycologia 94: 335 (2002). Cascades, [Hobart],
Tas., May 1925, L. Rodway; Holotype: K(M); isotype: HO
113639.
Russula parvisaxoides (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 822047
Gymnomyces parvisaxoides T.Lebel, New Zealand J.
Bot. 40(3):498 (2002). New Zealand, Buller, Murchison,
Matakitaki Rd, R.E. Beever 1687, 11 Aug. 1998; Holotype:
PDD 69224.
Russula phymatodispora (G.W.Beaton, Pegler &
T.W.K.Young) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820041
Cystangium phymatodisporum G.W.Beaton, Pegler
& T.W.K.Young, Kew Bull. 39: 672 (1984). Dry Ck, Eildon
State Park, Vic., 14 Aug. 1982, A.C. Beauglehole, K. &
G.W.Beaton 50; Holotype: K(M).
Russula pisiglarea (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820042
Cystangium pisiglareum T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 383 (2003), as ‘pisiglarea’. near bridge, Dickenson
Rd, Pemberton, W.A., 3 May 1983, N. Malajczuk H337;
Holotype: PERTH; isotype: MEL 2146436.
Russula pterosperma (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820043
Gymnomyces pterospermus T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 416 (2003). Blanketleaf picnic ground, Erskine R., Vic.,
11 Jul. 1993, T. Lebel s.n. (J.M. Trappe 14223); Holotype:
MEL 2145853.
Russula rodwayi (Massee) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820044
Secotium rodwayi Massee, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1901:
158, g. 68 (1901)
Elasmomyces rodwayi (Massee) Zeller, Mycologia 40:
642 (1948)
Cystangium rodwayi (Massee) A.H.Sm., Mycologia 54:
633 (1962). Tas., L. Rodway 571; Holotype: K(M) 190884.
Russula seminuda (Massee & Rodway) T.Lebel
comb. nov.
MB 820045
Gymnomyces seminudus Massee & Rodway, in Massee,
Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 138: 125 (1898)
Arcangeliella seminuda (Massee & Rodway) Zeller &
C.W.Dodge, Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 23: 617 (1937)
Octaviania seminuda (Massee & Rodway) G.Cunn.,
Trans. & Proc. Roy. Soc. New Zealand 67: 408, pl. 33, g.
19 (1938)
Cystangium seminudum (Massee & Rodway) T.Lebel &
Castellano, Mycologia 94: 337 (2002). Tas., L. Rodway 124;
Holotype: HO.
Russula sessilis (Massee & Rodway) T.Lebel
comb. nov.
MB 820046
Secotium sessile Massee & Rodway, in Rodway, Pap. &
Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania 1911: 31, pl. 3 (1912)
Elasmomyces sessile (Massee & Rodway) Rodway, Pap.
& Proc. Roy. Soc. Tasmania 1924: 8 (1925)
Cystangium sessile (Massee & Rodway) Singer &
12 Vol 36
A.H.Sm., Mem. Torrey Bot. Club 21: 67 (1960). Cascades,
[Hobart], Tas., Jul. 1920, L. Rodway 647; Neotype: K(M)
190882 [Rodway 1912]
Russula shultziae (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820047
Cystangium shultziae T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16:
385 (2003). The Barry Way, 1.1 km S of sign for Suggan
Buggan, Alpine Natl Park, Vic., 18 May 1999, A.W. Claridge
2098, A. Jumpponen & J.M. Trappe; Holotype: MEL
2146457; isotype: OSC.
Russula sparsa (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820048
Cystangium sparsum T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16: 388
(2003). Eaglehawk Neck, Tas., 18 May 1991, M. Trappe
H5331; Holotype: HO.
Russula theodoroui (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820049
Cystangium theodoroui T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 390 (2003). Brisbane S.F., near Fernvale, Qld, 7 May
1992, M. Castellano H6173; Holotype: BRI; isotype: MEL
2146439, OSC, PERTH.
Russula trappei (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820050
Cystangium trappei T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16: 392
(2003). Sheepstation campground, Border Ranges Natl
Park, N.S.W., 5 May 1992, J.M. Trappe H6072; Holotype:
DAR.
Russula westresii (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb. nov.
MB 820051
Gymnomyces westresii T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16:
420 (2003). Big Tree Track, Lemonthyme, Tas., 12 May
1991, J.M. Trappe H4747; Holotype: HO; isotype: MEL
2146465, PERTH.
Russula wirrabarensis (Grgur.) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820052
Gymnomyces wirrabarensis Grgur., Larger Fungi S.
Australia 86 (1997). Mt Lofty, S.A., 18 Jul. 1932 [JB.
Cleland]; Holotype: AD 5843.
Russula xanthocarpa (T.Lebel) T.Lebel comb.
nov.
MB 820053
Cystangium xanthocarpum T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 394 (2003). Arthur Hwy, S of Murdana, Tas., 18 May
1991, R. Robinson H5310; Holotype: HO.
Nomina nova
This section covers sequestrate taxa for which direct
new combinations within Russula could not be made as
the specic epithets were preoccupied.
Russula aurantirosea T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 820058
Gymnomyces clelandii T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16: 404
(2003). Cleland Conservation Park, Mt Lofty summit, S.A.,
18 Jun. 1994, T. Lebel H6852; Holotype: AD.
The combination Russula clelandii cannot be made
as it is preoccupied by R. clelandii O.K.Mill. & R.N.Hilton,
hence the need for a nomen novum. The new epithet
refers to the pale orange-pink colour (L. aurantius =
orange; roseus = pink) of the pileus and hymenophore.
Russula collubrina T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 820059
Cystangium polychromum Trappe & Claridge,
Australas. Mycol. 22: 33 (2003). Blue Cow Mtn, Guthega,
Mount Kosciuszko Natl Park, N.S.W., 1 Apr. 2000, J.M.
Trappe 25050; Holotype: MEL 2236362; isotype: DAR,
OSC.
Illustrations: J.M. Trappe & A.W. Claridge, loc. cit. 30,
gs 4–6; 31, gs 13, 14, as Cystangium polychromum
A new Russula name is required for this taxon because
the name, R. polychroma (Singer) Horak, is preoccupied.
The new epithet refers to the mottled (L. collubrinus)
colouring of the pileus like the camouage colouring of
a snake skin.
Russula korystospora T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 821530
Gymnomyces cristatus T. Lebel, New Zealand J. Bot.
40(3): 491 (2002). New Zealand, Gisborne, Urewera
NP, Huiarau Range, M. Castellano s.n., 25 May 1995,
Holotype: PDD 65083.
Lebel
Muelleria 13
Nomenclatural changes and corrections for truffle-like fungi
The epithet ‘cristata’ is already in use (Romagnese,
Bull. Mens. Soc. Linn. Lyon 31(1): 177 (1962). The new
epithet refers to the crested spore ornamentation [Gk.
korystos = crested; spora =spore].
Russula leonardii T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 820060
Gymnomyces rodwayi T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16: 418
(2003). Speeler Track, Cradle Mountain Natl Park, Tas., 13
May 1991, M. Castellano H5058; Holotype: HO; isotype:
MEL 2146462, PERTH.
The combination Russula rodwayi (Massee) T.Lebel is
in the present publication for a dierent taxon, based
on Secotium rodwayi. Therefore, Russula leonardii is
introduced here to further honour Leonard Rodway
(1853–1936) who published extensively on the fungi
and plants of Tasmania.
Russula olivaceoava T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 821532
Cystangium avovirens T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot.
16: 377 (2003). Black Charlies Gully, Tas., 2 May 1990,
M. Castellano, J.M. Trappe, N. Malajczuk & M. Amaranthus
H1297; Holotype: HO; isotype: MEL 2146443, OSC,
PERTH.
The name Cystangium avovirens is already in use
(Bommer & Rousseau, Bull. Soc. R. Bot. Belg. 26(no. 1): 58
(repr.) (1887)). The new epithet refers to the olivaceous
yellow tones of the pileus [L. olivaceus = olive green;
avus= pale yellow].
Russula osphranticarpa T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 820061
Octaviania redolens G.Cunn., New Zealand J. Agric. Res.,
A 23B: 172 (1942). New Zealand, Auckland, Mt Te Aroha
(350 ft), May 1940, G. Cunningham 10141; Holotype: PDD
10141.
Gymnomyces redolens (G.Cunn.) Pster, Occ. Pap.
Farlow Herb. Cryptog. Bot. 9: 43 (1976)
Stephanospora redolens (G.Cunn.) E.Horak, Pl. Syst. Evol.
131: 163 (1979). Nom. inval., full citation of basionym
missing.
Martellia redolens (G.Cunn.) G.W.Beaton, Pegler &
T.W.K.Young, Kew Bull. 39(4): 682 (1984).
The name Russula redolens is already in use
(Burlingham, Mycologia 13(3): 133, 1921), so a new
name for this taxon is required. The new epithet refers to
the pleasant odour of the fruit bodies [Gk. osphrantos =
smellable; carpus = fruitbody].
Russula paneeroides T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 821533
Gymnomyces pallidus Massee & Rodway, in Massee,
Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1898: 125 (1898). West Coast, Tas.,
Jun. 1896, L.Rodway 299; Holotype: K(M) 190872.
Octaviania pallida (Massee & Rodway) G.Cunn., Proc.
Linn. Soc. New South Wales 60: 119 (1935)
The name Russula pallida is already in use (Karsten,
Hedwigia 35(1): 43 (1896)), so a new name for this taxon
is required. The new epithet refers to the pale colour
and texture of the fruit bodies [paneer= cheesy curd-like
whey; -oides = resembling].
Russula spinispora T.Lebel nom. nov.
MB 821534
Gymnomyces fuscus T.Lebel, New Zealand J. Bot. 40(3):
495 (2002). New Zealand, North Island, Auckland, West
Auckland, Goldie Bush, Mokoroa Falls track, R.E. Beever
1306, 1 Jan. 1992; Holotype: PDD 61990
The epithet ‘fusca’ is preoccupied in Russula (Quélet,
Compt. Rend. Assoc. Franç. Avancem. Sci. 15(2): 486
(1887) [1886]). The new epithet refers to the spiny spore
ornamentation [L. spina = spine; spora = spore].
Validations
Validations of previously published names that were
invalid for various reasons.
RUSSULA
Russula luteirosea (Bougher) T.Lebel, comb.
nov.
MB 822048
≡ Macowanites luteiroseus Bougher, Mycotaxon 63: 38
(1997). Western Australia, Walpole-Nornalup National
Park, Nunn Rd, K. Syme; Holotype: PERTH 04259661.
MB 437543.
14 Vol 36
“Russula luteirosea” T.Lebel, in Lebel & Tonkin, Austral.
Syst. Bot. 20(4): 378 (2007), nom. inval. (direct reference
to basionym omitted; page spread ’37-48’ given).
MB 580675.
Russula rubrolutea (T.Lebel) T.Lebel, comb.
nov.
MB 822049
≡ Macowanites rubroluteus T.Lebel, New Zealand J. Bot.
40(3): 505 (2002). New Zealand, South Island, Nelson,
Glenhope-Tapawerea Rd, D. Russell s.n., J.M. Trappe
12610, 25 Sept. 1992; Holotype: PDD 83697. MB 484028
“Russula rubrolutea” T.Lebel, in Lebel & Tonkin, Austral.
Syst. Bot. 20(4): 378 (2007), nom. inval. (direct reference
to basionym not given; page number omitted).
MB 531353
Dating of competing names
Octaviania lamingtonensis (J.W.Cribb)
T.Lebel & Castellano, Mycologia 94: 352 (2002).
Published 15 March 2002.
This same combination also made by Trappe, Lebel &
Castellano, Mycotaxon 81: 203 (2002). Published 2 April
2002.
Epithet corrections
Agaricus colpeteorum T.Lebel
Published as A. colpetei T.Lebel, Mycological Progress
12 (4): 702 (2012). MB#801763. As the epithet refers to
two people, it should be plural genitive.
Mycobank numbering issue
Two names in Stephanospora were validly published
by Lebel et al. (2015) but due to an error in issuing of
identiers by the repository Mycobank, new identiers
have been issued as follows:
Stephanospora kanuka T.Lebel & Castellano, Fungal
Diversity 119: 216 (2015)
MB 815981
Stephanospora hystrispora T.Lebel & Castellano, Fungal
Diversity 119: 213 (2015)
MB 815980
Mycobank (accessed 13 Dec 2016) states: “WARNING:
due to a databasing error, the same Mycobank number
(MB809846) was wrongly attributed to Stephanospora
hystrispora (MB915980), Stephanospora kanuka
(MB915981) and Phyllosticta carochlae (MB915982). All
the three names are therefore validly published but a
new MB number is attributed to them. Mycobank takes
full responsibility for this issue.”
References
Eberhardt U, Verbeken A. (2004). Sequestrate Lactarius species
from tropical Africa: L. angiocarpus sp. nov. and L. dolichocaulis
comb. nov. Mycological Research 108(9), 1042–1052.
Lebel T, Catcheside P. (2009). The true genus Cribbea
(Physalacriaceae, Agaricales) in Australia. Australian
Systematic Botany 22: 39–55.
Lebel T, Tonkin J.E. (2007). Australasian species of Macowanites
are sequestrate species of Russula (Russulaceae,
Basidiomycota). Australian Systematic Botany 20: 355–381.
Lebel T, Beever R, Castellano MA (2015). Cryptic diversity in the
sequestrate genus Stephanospora (Stephanosporaceae) in
Australasia. Fungal Diversity 119: 201-228.
Miller SL, McClean TM, Walker JF, Buyck B. (2001). A Molecular
Phylogeny of the Russulales including Agaricoid, Gasteroid
and Pleurotoid Taxa. Mycologia 93(2): 344–354.
Park KH, Kim C, Kim M, Kim NK, Park JY, Eimes JA, Cho HJ, Han
S-K, Lim YW. (2017). Three New Recorded Species of the
Physalacriaceae on Ulleung Island, Korea. Mycobiology 45(1):
9-14.
Petersen RH, Hughes KW (2010).The Xerula/Oudemansiella
Complex (Agaricales). Stuttgart: J. Cramer. 625 pp.
Verbeken A, Stubbe D, van den Putte K, Eberhardt U,
Nuytinck J (2014). Tales of the unexpected: angiocarpous
representatives of the Russulaceae in tropical South East
Asia. Persoonia 32, 13-24.
Vidal J (2004). Macowanites candidus, a new combination for
Hydnangium candidum Tul. et C. Tul. Revista catalana de
Micologia 26: 83–96.
Lebel
... Keys to Australian species of sequestrate Russula are available in Lebel & Castellano (2002), Lebel (2003a, b) and Lebel & Tonkin (2007). We place the two new species described below into a key to species that updates the key presented in Lebel (2003b: as Gymnomyces) with species names according to Lebel (2017). For further details of species not differentiated in the key below, see Lebel (2003b). ...
... Notes. Russula danksiae resembles R. boranupensis (T.Lebel) T.Lebel in the pale basidiomata that become mottled with brown and ochre, but differs in the quite large, empty hymenophoral locules, a trichodermial rather than cystidial turf pellis, and the spore ornamentation being distinctly more reticulate with fewer isolated elements (Lebel 2003b(Lebel , 2017Fig. 10). ...
... and R. paneeroides T.Lebel in the pale cream to tan basidiomes that darken in age(Lebel & Tonkin 2007;Lebel 2017). Spore ornamentation generally < 2 μm tall, of spines, rods or warts connected in a partial to complete reticulum 13. ...
A mixed bag of sequestrate fungi from five different families: Boletaceae, Russulaceae, Psathyrellaceae, Strophariaceae, and Hysterangiaceae
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2022
We describe several new genera and species of sequestrate fungi from different regions of the world that belong to five different basidiomycete families. New taxa include: Amylotrama gen. nov., Amylotrama clelandii comb. nov., A. banrockensis sp. nov., Boletus kundabungkid sp. nov. (Boletaceae), Russula crassibasidiata sp. nov., R. danksiae sp. nov. (Russulaceae), Statesia gen. nov., Statesia cazaresii sp. nov., S. zelleri sp. nov., S. pompholyx comb. nov., and S. calcarea comb. nov. (Hysterangiaceae). We also confirm the placement of two blue-green species from Australasia, one that was previously placed in "Le Ratia" and the other in Weraroa, and make the new combination Agrocybe smaragdina comb. nov. (Strophariaceae), and describe Coprinopsis pulchricaerulea sp. nov. (Psathyrellaceae) accordingly.
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... The genus Gymnomyces, typified by G. pallidus (Massee 1898), a species found in myrtaceous forests whose current name is R. paneeroides (Lebel 2017), was characterized by the absence of a stipe-columella and the presence of sphaerocytes in the hymenophoral trama. The European species G. xanthosporus was originally described by Hawker (1952) as a variety of Hyd nangium carneum, to accommodate some specimens found in the UK, and subsequently re-combined into Gymnomyces by Smith (1962), because of its amyloid spores and sphaerocytes. ...
... Recently, several taxa previously placed in the sequestrate genera Cystangium, Elasmomyces, Gymnomyces, Macowanites, and Martellia, were re-combined into Russula by Lebel (2017) and Elliott & Trappe (2018). About 30 sequestrate species of Russulaceae have been described from Mediterranean and temperate regions of Europe, but the generic placement for many of these still remains unclear. ...
... In mature spores, it is interesting to observe the intensely amyloid, non-functional apicular drop, which remains located in a basal position in the hilar appendix, immediately above a minute and residual suprahilar plage, which is not always visible, and finally becomes detached on top of ornamental warts, or fused with the suprahilar plage, also observed in spores of R. mediterraneensis. Recently, E. mattiroloanus was re-combined into genus Russula by Lebel (2017). ...
A phylogenetic and taxonomic revision of sequestrate Russulaceae in Mediterranean and temperate Europe
Article
Full-text available
  • Apr 2019
  • Persoonia
A comprehensive morphological and genetic study of type material and new collections of sequestrate Russulales species formerly belonging to the genera Arcangeliella, Elasmomyces, Gymnomyces, Hydnangium, Hymenogaster, Macowanites, Martellia, Secotium and Zelleromyces is here undertaken, for the purpose of providing a complete taxonomical revision of sequestrate Russulaceae species in the Mediterranean and temperate regions of Europe. As a result, seven distinct taxa in the genus Lactarius and 18 in the genus Russula are identified. Six of them are new species: L. populicola, L. subgiennensis, R. bavarica, R. candidissima, R. hobartiae and R. medi­terraneensis, and seven represent new combinations: L. josserandii (≡ Zelleromyces josserandii), L. soehneri (≡ Hydnangium soehneri), R. candida (≡ Hydnangium candidum), R. cerea (≡ Hydnangium cereum), R. messapica var. messapicoides (≡ Macowanites messapicoides), R. meridionalis (≡ Zelleromyces meridionalis) and R. neuhoffii (≡ Hydnangium neuhoffii). Twenty-two of the 25 taxa are illustrated, while descriptions, microscopy images, as well as extensive information on the ecology, chorology and phylogeny for all taxa are provided. A key is further included to facilitate their identification.
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... In the Inocybaceae, several sequestrate species have been placed in Inocybe (Braaten et al. 2013). In the Physalacriaceae, members of the sequestrate genus Cribbea have been combined with Oudemansiella (Lebel 2017). In the Psathyrellaceae, the sequestrate Psathyrella secotioides was described (Moreno et al. 2015). ...
... Over the last twenty years, multiple papers have been published to either describe new sequestrate species in Russula or Lactarius, recombine species from sequestrate genera with Russula or Lactarius, or suggest close or monophyletic relationships between species with the different morphologies (Martín et al. 1999, Miller et al. 2001, Desjardin 2003, Nuytinck et al. 2003, Eberhardt & Verbeken 2004, Lebel & Tonkin 2007, Li et al. 2013, Verbeken et al. 2014, Beenken et al. 2016, Lebel 2017, Looney et al. 2018). It has been widely suggested through published phylogenies that all remaining members of Bucholtzia, Cystangium, Elasmomyces, Gymnomyces, Macowanites, and Martellia should be transferred to Russula. ...
... These combinations will reduce the confusion in the current "one fungus, several names" situation and will simplify how we refer to these fungi. Lebel ( , 2017) did a meticulous job of combining all Australian sequestrate Russulae into Russula. ...
A worldwide nomenclature revision of sequestrate Russula species
Article
Full-text available
  • May 2018
Before the application of molecular techniques, evolutionary relationships between sequestrate genera and their epigeous counterparts in the Russulaceae were unclear. Based on overwhelming evidence now available, personal observations, and consideration of the International Code for Nomenclature of Algae, Fungi and Plants, we combine the overlapping sequestrate generic names Bucholtzia, Cystangium, Elasmomyces, Gymnomyces, Macowanites, and Martellia with the agaricoid genus Russula. This nomenclatural action follows precedents set by earlier mycologists and continues an effort to create clarity in our understanding of the evolutionary affiliations among sequestrate fungi particularly the Russulaceae. We also provide the first comprehensive list of described sequestrate species of Russula.
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... The publication of new species of 'truffle-like' Russula had started with a paper by Lebel and Tonkin (2007) describing several novel species from Australia supported by molecular sequence data. Massive recombination of the known species of these secotioid to hypogeous relatives into Russula followed only recently with papers published by Lebel (2017) and Elliot and Trappe (2018) ( Table 6; Fig. 9). ...
Species diversity of Basidiomycota
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2022
Fungi are eukaryotes that play essential roles in ecosystems. Among fungi, Basidiomycota is one of the major phyla with more than 40,000 described species. We review species diversity of Basidiomycota from five groups with different lifestyles or habitats: saprobic in grass/forest litter, wood-decaying, yeast-like, ectomycorrhizal, and plant parasitic. Case studies of Agaricus, Cantharellus, Ganoderma, Gyroporus, Russula, Tricholoma, and groups of lichenicolous yeast-like fungi, rust fungi, and smut fungi are used to determine trends in discovery of biodiversity. In each case study, the number of new species published during 2009–2020 is analysed to determine the rate of discovery. Publication rates differ between taxa and reflect different states of progress for species discovery in different genera. The results showed that lichenicolous yeast-like taxa had the highest publication rate for new species in the past two decades, and it is likely this trend will continue in the next decade. The species discovery rate of plant parasitic basidiomycetes was low in the past ten years, and remained constant in the past 50 years. We also found that the establishment of comprehensive and robust taxonomic systems based on a joint global initiative by mycologists could promote and standardize the recognition of taxa. We estimated that more than 54,000 species of Basidiomycota will be discovered by 2030, and estimate a total of 1.4–4.2 million species of Basidiomycota globally. These numbers illustrate a huge gap between the described and yet unknown diversity in Basidiomycota.
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... This shows that a lot of work remains to be done to harmonize the taxonomy of the OX complex at a global level. Some species of Oudemansiella such as O. exannulata, O. gloriosa, O. reticulata and O. turbinispora appear to be endemic to Australia [10,57]. Historically, Europe is the best studied of all the continents in terms of the number of publications of this genus; however, in terms of the number of species, Asia seems to be more diverse [10], and Africa, as well as South and Central America seem to be understudied. ...
Taxonomy, Diversity and Cultivation of the Oudemansielloid/Xeruloid Taxa Hymenopellis, Mucidula, Oudemansiella, and Xerula with Respect to Their Bioactivities: A Review
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2021
  • J. Fungi
The oudemansielloid/xeruloid taxa Hymenopellis, Mucidula, Oudemansiella, and Xerula are genera of Basidiomycota that constitute an important resource of bioactive compounds. Numerous studies have shown antimicrobial, anti-oxidative, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and other bioac-tivities of their extracts. The bioactive principles can be divided into two major groups: (a) hydrophilic polysaccharides with relatively high molecular weights and (b) low molecular medium polar secondary metabolites, such as the antifungal strobilurins. In this review, we summarize the state of the art on biodiversity, cultivation of the fungi and bioactivities of their secondary metabolites and discuss future applications. Although the strobilurins are well-documented, with commercial applications as agrochemical fungicides, there are also other known compounds from this group that have not yet been well-studied. Polysaccharides, dihydro-citrinone phenol A acid, scalusamides, and acetylenic lactones such as xerulin, also have potential applications in the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical and medicinal market and should be further explored. Further studies are recommended to isolate high quality bioactive compounds and fully understand their modes of action. Given that only few species of oudemansielloid/xeruloid mushrooms have been explored for their production of secondary metabolites, these taxa represent unexplored sources of potentially useful and novel bioactive metabolites.
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... It has gradually become apparent through the application of newly available molecular techniques and morphological re-assessments that many of the closely allied sequestrate and non-sequestrate genera are poly-or paraphyletic; numerous nomenclatural changes have been made to resolve these issues (e.g., Peintner et al. 2001, Geml 2004, Lebel & Tonkin 2007, Lebel & Syme 2012, Lebel 2013, Braaten et al. 2014, Kuhar et al. 2017, Lebel 2017. ...
Entoloma sequestratum, a new species from the rainforests of northern Thailand, and a worldwide key to the sequestrate taxa of Entoloma (Entolomataceae).
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2020
Based on our study of the morphology and genetics of sporocarps collected in the mountains of northern Thailand, we herein describe Entoloma sequestratum as a new sequestrate member of the Entolomotaceae. This serves as the first report of a sequestrate member of the genus from Thailand. In addition, we provide a worldwide key to all of the described sequestrate members of the genus.
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Fungal diversity notes 1717–1817: taxonomic and phylogenetic contributions on genera and species of fungal taxa
Article
Full-text available
  • Feb 2024
  • FUNGAL DIVERS
As the continuation of Fungal Diversity Notes series, the current paper is the 16th contribution to this series. A total of 103 taxa from seven classes in Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are included here. Of these 101 taxa, four new genera, 89 new species, one new combination, one new name and six new records are described in detail along with information of hosts and geographic distributions. The four genera newly introduced are Ascoglobospora, Atheliella, Rufoboletus and Tenuimyces. Newly described species are Akanthomyces xixiuensis, Agaricus agharkarii, A. albostipitatus, Amphisphaeria guttulata, Ascoglobospora marina, Astrothelium peudostraminicolor, Athelia naviculispora, Atheliella conifericola, Athelopsis subglaucina, Aureoboletus minimus, A. nanlingensis, Autophagomyces incertus, Beltrania liliiferae, Beltraniella jiangxiensis, Botryobasidium coniferarum, Calocybella sribuabanensis, Calonarius caesiofulvus, C. nobilis, C. pacificus, C. pulcher, C. subcorrosus, Cortinarius flaureifolius, C. floridaensis, C. subiodes, Crustomyces juniperi, C. scytinostromoides, Cystostereum subsirmaurense, Dimorphomyces seemanii, Fulvoderma microporum, Ginnsia laricicola, Gomphus zamorinorum, Halobyssothecium sichuanense, Hemileccinum duriusculum, Henningsomyces hengduanensis, Hygronarius californicus, Kneiffiella pseudoabdita, K. pseudoalutacea, Laboulbenia bifida, L. tschirnhausii, L. tuberculata, Lambertella dipterocarpacearum, Laxitextum subrubrum, Lyomyces austro-occidentalis, L. crystallina, L. guttulatus, L. niveus, L. tasmanicus, Marasmius centrocinnamomeus, M. ferrugineodiscus, Megasporoporia tamilnaduensis, Meruliopsis crystallina, Metuloidea imbricata, Moniliophthora atlantica, Mystinarius ochrobrunneus, Neomycoleptodiscus alishanense, Nigrograna kunmingensis, Paracremonium aquaticum, Parahelicomyces dictyosporus, Peniophorella sidera, P. subreticulata, Phlegmacium fennicum, P. pallidocaeruleum, Pholiota betulicola, P. subcaespitosa, Pleurotheciella hyalospora, Pleurothecium aseptatum, Resupinatus porrigens, Russula chlorina, R. chrysea, R. cruenta, R. haematina, R. luteocarpa, R. sanguinolenta, Synnemellisia punensis, Tenuimyces bambusicola, Thaxterogaster americanoporphyropus, T. obscurovibratilis, Thermoascus endophyticus, Trechispora alba, T. perminispora, T. subfarinacea, T. tuberculata, Tremella sairandhriana, Tropicoporus natarajaniae, T. subramaniae, Usnea kriegeriana, Wolfiporiella macrospora and Xylodon muchuanensis. Rufoboletus hainanensis is newly transferred from Butyriboletus, while a new name Russula albocarpa is proposed for Russula leucocarpa G.J. Li & Chun Y. Deng an illegitimate later homonym of Russula leucocarpa (T. Lebel) T. Lebel. The new geographic distribution regions are recorded for Agaricus bambusetorum, Bipolaris heliconiae, Crinipellis trichialis, Leucocoprinus cretaceus, Halobyssothecium cangshanense and Parasola setulosa. Corresponding to morphological characters, phylogenetic evidence is also utilized to place the above-mentioned taxa in appropriate taxonomic positions. The current morphological and phylogenetic data is helpful for further clarification of species diversity and exploration of evolutionary relationships in the related fungal groups.
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Oudemansiella (Physalacriaceae) mushrooms: A status review on the distribution, cultivation, composition and bioactivity profile
Article
Full-text available
  • Jul 2023
Oudemansiella of Physalacriaceae, Agaricomycetes, Basidiomycota is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions, and are known as saprophytic macrofungi. Species of this genus are edible, flavorful, nutritious, and medicinal. Hence, there is increasing attention to the value of these under-utilized myko-resources. In this context, this status review aimed to provide a species checklist of Oudemansiella and their distribution worldwide, cultivation requirements for growth and production, nutritional and bioactive compositions, and biological properties. A total of 25 species of Oudemansiella was recorded in 31 countries in Asia, North and South America, Australia, Africa, and Europe. O. canarii was found to be the most widely distributed, followed by O. platensis, O. cubensis, O. melanotricha, O. submucida, and O. australis. China had the greatest number of reported Oudemansiella species. O. canarii was the most commonly cultivated species using agro-industrial wastes such as sugarcane bagasse, eucalyptus sawdust, cotton seed hull, corncob, sawdust, and rice straw. Oudemansiella species contain carbohydrates, protein, amino acids, crude fiber, crude fat, minerals, and bioactive compounds such as oudemansin A and B, dihydroxerulin, xerulinic acid, and strobilurin C. Extracts and isolated bioactive compounds from Oudemansiella were reported to exhibit antioxidant, antifungal, antimicrobial, cytotoxic properties, and anti-trypanosomatid infection. To the best of our knowledge, this review establishes the most comprehensive checklist of Oudemansiella species. The presented data can be used as valuable information for further exploration and exploitation of the maximum profitability of Oudemansiella species. This review also provides status, challenges, and research opportunities that will ignite attention among researchers and scientists worldwide.
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Three New Recorded Species of the Physalacriaceae on Ulleung Island, Korea
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2017
Most known species in the Physalacriaceae are saprotrophs that grow on decaying leaves and wood, and approximately 21 genera in the Physalacriaceae have been reported worldwide. During an ongoing survey of indigenous fungi in Korea, four specimens belonging to the Physalacriaceae were collected on Ulleung Island. These specimens were identified as three species based on morphological characteristics and molecular analysis of rDNA-internal transcribed spacer sequences. Three species in three genera were shown to be new records in Korea: Hymenopellis orientalis, Paraxerula hongoi, and Ponticulomyces orientalis. The latter two are the first records of these genera in Korea. In this study, we provide detailed morphological descriptions of these species and describe their phylogenetic position within the Physalacriaceae.
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Macowanites candidus, a new combination for Hydnangium candidum Tul. et C. Tul.
Article
Full-text available
  • Dec 2004
As a result of the study of type herbarium material of Elasmomyces mattirolianus Cavara, Hydnangium candidum Tul. et C. Tul., Octaviania moravica Velen., Secotium krjukowensis Bucholtz and S. michailowskianum Bucholtz, only two species are recognized, viz. Macowanites mattirolianus (Cavara) T. Lebel et Trappe and Macowanites candidus (Tul. et C. Tul.) J.M. Vidal comb. nov. (=O. moravica, =S. krjukowensis, =S. michailowskianum). With the addition of the study of recent collections, and an exhaustive bibliographical research, the two species are redescribed and compared; at the same time, new data regarding its ecology, phenology, and distribution in Europe are provided. Also, a key to european species of the genus Macowanites Kalchbr. is furnished
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Tales of the unexpected: Angiocarpous representatives of the Russulaceae in tropical South East Asia
Article
Full-text available
  • Jun 2014
Six new sequestrate Lactarius species are described from tropical forests in South East Asia. Extensive macro- and microscopical descriptions and illustrations of the main anatomical features are provided. Similarities with other sequestrate Russulales and their phylogenetic relationships are discussed. The placement of the species within Lactarius and its subgenera is confirmed by a molecular phylogeny based on ITS, LSU and rpb2 markers. A species key of the new taxa, including five other known angiocarpous species from South East Asia reported to exude milk, is given. The diversity of angiocarpous fungi in tropical areas is considered underestimated and driving evolutionary forces towards gasteromycetization are probably more diverse than generally assumed. The discovery of a large diversity of angiocarpous milkcaps on a rather local tropical scale was unexpected, and especially the fact that in Sri Lanka more angiocarpous than agaricoid Lactarius species are known now.
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Australasian species of Macowanites are sequestrate species of Russula (Russulaceae, Basidiomycota)
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2007
Australian taxa of the sequestrate genus Macowanites were examined by using LSU and ITS regions of nuclear ribosomal DNA and found to be paraphyletic within the agaricoid genus Russula. The type of the genus Macowanites, M. agaricinus, is described here as a generic synonym of Russula and an emended description of the genus Russula is provided. Descriptions and illustrations of nine new species, Russula albidoflava T.Lebel, R. albobrunnea T.Lebel, R. brunneonigra T.Lebel, R. galbana T.Lebel, R. pumicoidea T.Lebel, R. reddellii T.Lebel, R. rostraticystidia T.Lebel, R. sinuata T.Lebel and R. variispora T.Lebel, from Australia, are presented. Nomenclatural changes for five previously published Australasian species are also proposed.
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The truffle genus Cribbea (Physalacriaceae, Agaricales) in Australia
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2009
Australian taxa of the sequestrate genus Cribbea were examined by the use of ITS and nLSU sequences of nuclear rDNA and found to belong to the Physalacriaceae with affinities to Xerula and Oudemansiella. A new species, Cribbea turbinispora P.Catcheside & T.Lebel, from South Australia is described, and the previously described species C. lamellata (J.W.Cribb) A.H.Sm. & D.A.Reid is synonymised under C. gloriosa (D.A.Reid) A.H.Sm. & D.A.Reid. DescriptionsandillustrationsoftheAustralianspeciesofCribbea,includingC.gloriosa,C.reticulata(J.W.Cribb)A.H.Sm. & D.A.Reid, C. turbinispora, and descriptions of the ex-Australian taxon C. andina (Speg.) J.E.Wright & E.Horak are presented. A key to all presently described Cribbea species is provided.
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Cryptic diversity in the sequestrate genus Stephanospora (Stephanosporaceae: Agaricales) in Australasia
Article
  • Dec 2014
Historically a single name, Stephanospora flava, was applied to all collections of Stephanospora in Australasia. We used morphological characters with molecular support to differentiate and describe nine novel cryptic species, and refine the circumscription of S. flava. Stephanospora flava is herein restricted to bispored collections from Tasmania, and the quadrisporic Stephanospora tetraspora is raised to species level. Six species (four new) are endemic to Australia, S. flava s.s, S. tetraspora comb. nov., Stephanospora sheoak, Stephanospora cribbae, Stephanospora hystrispora, and Stephanospora occidentiaustralis. Three species Stephanospora poropingao, Stephanospora pounamu, and Stephanospora kanuka are endemic to New Zealand; and one species, Stephanospora aorangi occurs in both Australia and New Zealand. Two other new species, Stephanospora novae-caledoniae and Stephanospora papua, are endemic to New Caledonia or Papua New Guinea, respectively. Analyses of three nuclear gene regions (ITS, ef-1, and LSU) are consistent with current classifications of the family Stephanosporaceae. Athelidium aurantiacum is an outlier, with a strongly supported core of Cristinia (Clade I), Lindtneria (Clade II), Stephanospora, Mayamontana, and Lindtneria trachyspora (Clade III), and a novel lineage of environmental and sporocarp sequences (Clade IV). Taxonomic and nomenclatural issues raised by the presence of both type species of Stephanospora (Stephanospora caroticolor) and Lindtneria (L. trachyspora) in the same clade are discussed. Copyright © 2014 The British Mycological Society. All rights reserved.
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A Molecular Phylogeny of the Russulales Including Agaricoid, Gasteroid and Pleurotoid Taxa
Article
The Russulales consists of agaricoid, gasteroid and hypogeous gasteroid taxa of basidiomycetes closely related to Russula and Lactarius. Because there have been no molecular phylogenetic studies of the Russulales, attempts at formulating a natural classification for these taxa have met with difficulty. In this study, nuclear large subunit rDNA (n-LSU) was used to infer phylogenetic relationships among members of the Russulales including agaricoid, tropical pleurotoid and annulate taxa, and gasteroid and hypogeous gasteroid genera. Analysis of the n-LSU region indicated that Russula sensu strictu (excluding gasteroid and hypogeous gasteroid taxa) can be considered polyphyletic with two well supported groups, one group arising separately from the main body of the tree and one group basal to Lactarius. Russula sensu late can be considered paraphyletic with gasteroid and hypogeous gasteroid forms nested in the same clades alongside agaricoid taxa. Lactarius sensu late was found to be a monophyletic group that includes agaricoid, gasteroid and hypogeous gasteroid taxa. Gasteroid and hypogeous gasteroid genera were scattered throughout the order, with Macowanites, Gymnomyces, Cystangium and Martellia nested within Russula, while Zelleromyces and Arcangeliella grouped within Lactarius. Most of the gasteroid and hypogeous gasteroid genera appear to be polyphyletic and their position was supported within established infrageneric taxa of Russula and Lactarius. These results suggested that synonomy of gasteroid genera into Russula and Lactarius is justifiable.
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Sequestrate Lactarius species from tropical Africa: L. angiocarpus sp. nov. and L. dolichocaulis comb. nov
Article
  • Oct 2004
Lactarius angiocarpus sp. nov. is described from miombo woodlands in Zambia. It is the third sequestrate representative of the Russulaceae described from tropical Africa. Morphological characters and DNA sequence data support its placement in Lactarius subgen. Plinthogali. Molecular kinship analyses confirm a multiple origin of sequestrate Russulaceae spp. As none of the previously sequenced sequestrate Russulaceae spp. has been assigned to the Plinthogali clade, the placement of L. angiocarpus indicates an additional point of origin of derivative sporocarp types within the Russulaceae. Within the same subgenus, another tropical African sequestrate species, L. dolichocaulis comb. nov. (syn. Arcangeliella dolichocaulis) is recognized.
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The Barry Way, 1.1 km S of sign for Suggan Buggan
  • Jan 1999
  • 385
  • T Cystangium Shultziae
  • Austral Lebel
  • Syst
  • Bot
Cystangium shultziae T.Lebel, Austral. Syst. Bot. 16: 385 (2003). The Barry Way, 1.1 km S of sign for Suggan Buggan, Alpine Natl Park, Vic., 18 May 1999, A.W. Claridge 2098, A. Jumpponen & J.M. Trappe; Holotype: MEL 2146457; isotype: OSC.