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Taxonomic review of Diplommatinidae (Caenogastropoda: Cyclophoroidea) from Wallacea and the Papuan Region
Abstract
Diplommatinidae L. Pfeiffer, 1856 from the Papuan Region and Wallacea excluding the island of Sulawesi
are revised taxonomically. A total of 121 species in 5 genera are recognized within the study area. Type material of all previously described species from New Guinea, Wallacea and Solomon Islands was examined. Fifteen lectotypes are designated and four species are synonymized. The genus Anostomella Martens, 1867 is synonymized with Palaina O. Semper, 1865 based on DNA sequence data and shell conchological characters. Six new combinations are proposed based on both conchological characters and DNA sequence data. 54 new species are described, illustrated and keyed. The distribution of each species is mapped allowing biogeographic analyses. Chirality of Papuan and Wallacean Diplommatinidae is discussed. The conservation status of each species is preliminary assessed with regard to IUCN guidelines.
... Hence, the sequence sampling of Palaina did not adequately represent the existing diversity of this genus regarding the number of species and their distribution. Currently, Palaina contains approximately 150 species from a wide geographical range spanning East Asia, the Indo-Malay Archipelago, the Philippines, Australasia and several Micronesian and Melanesian islands (e.g., Greke, 2017;Köhler & Kessner, 2020;Solem, 1959). The four Palaina species included in Webster et al.'s (2012) study were all from Palau and formed the sister group of a clade containing other diplommatinid species from Palau. ...
... The two diplommatinid species from the Solomon Islands sequenced here are thought to be undescribed. I presume that these undescribed species may be closely related to other species from the Solomon Islands, which are currently all placed in Palaina (Greke, 2017). ...
... Scale indicates million years before present. this day, such as for species from the Indo-Malay Archipelago, New Guinea, the Philippines, New Caledonia, Fiji and Vanuatu (e.g., Greke, 2017;Köhler & Kessner, 2020;Maassen, 2003;Neubert & Bouchet, 2015;Tillier, 1981). That means that Kobelt's (1902) rather broad definition of Palaina has remained widely accepted while the proposed subgeneric classification was subsequently largely dismissed. ...
Based both on published GenBank DNA sequences and newly produced sequences, I have assembled the largest multi-loci sequence dataset of the Diplommatinidae to date to investigate their evolutionary history. The focus of this study is on the diverse genus Palaina, which is represented by new sequences of its type species as well as additional samples from Timor and the Solomon Islands. In addition, the type species of Palmatina from Norfolk Island is also included. A relaxed molecular clock hypothesis is presented that incorporates several calibration points based on fossils or on previously published age estimates for major clades. Accordingly, the Sundaland diplommatinids Plectostoma, Opisthostoma, Arinia and Diplommatina are of considerable evolutionary antiquity, each likely having originated during the Cretaceous or early Paleogene at the latest. The Palaina sensu lato main clade was found to be the sister of all other diplommatinids included in the tree and has also diverged during the late Cretaceous. Palaina as currently delineated is rendered non-monophyletic by the radiations of Hungerfordia and Eupalaina, which are endemic to the archipelago of Palau, as well as Palmatina from Norfolk Island.
... Greķe (2012) studied more than 500 specimens of Diplommatinidae based on museum collections and field work in the Wallacea and Papua regions covering Lombok, Sumbawa, Flores, Sumba, Timor, the Alor Archipelago and Tanimbar I. (Wallacea region), and the Moluccas archipelago and the north and east of New Guinea, excluding Sulawesi (Papuan region). The study recorded 121 species of diplommatinids with 54 new species, of which 15 species were recorded from the North Moluccas (Greķe, 2017). Three genera occur in the North Moluccas, i.e., Diancta Martens 1864, Diplommatina Benson 1849, and Palaina Semper 1865. ...
... Three genera occur in the North Moluccas, i.e., Diancta Martens 1864, Diplommatina Benson 1849, and Palaina Semper 1865. Two important conclusions of the study from Greķe (2017) were that (1) almost all diplommatinids from the region are regional and local endemics with restricted distribution; and (2) there are likely four times more diplommatinids in the Moluccas than are currently known. Among the areas studied by van Benthem Jutting (1959) and Greķe (2017), Moti I. was never included. ...
... Two important conclusions of the study from Greķe (2017) were that (1) almost all diplommatinids from the region are regional and local endemics with restricted distribution; and (2) there are likely four times more diplommatinids in the Moluccas than are currently known. Among the areas studied by van Benthem Jutting (1959) and Greķe (2017), Moti I. was never included. An expedition to Moti I. was conducted in 2010, which resulted in a list of 31 malacofauna species (Heryanto, 2011). ...
Diplommatinidae from Moti Island, North Moluccas are revised based on material collected in 2010 and 2022. Two species belonging to Diplommatina and a new species of Palaina have been recorded. Diplommatina moluccensis is endemic to the North Moluccas, while Diplommatina radiiformis is endemic to the Moluccan
Archipelago. A new species (Palaina motiensis, new species) is described, which is known from a single site, and is most similar with Palaina tanimbarensis from Yamdena Island and Palaina silvicultrix from Waigeo, West Papua.
... nov. Although the shell outline and lamellar structure are significantly different, it has a blunt apex and a relatively wider lower whorl similar to the new species (Greķe 2017). Diplommatina asynaimos Vermeulen, 1993 and D. isseli Godwin-Austen, 1889 are two species from Borneo with conical shells and flattened basal whorl, where the body whorl is wider than the whorls above it (Vermeulen 1993). ...
... Adelopoma is genus of small, turriform, sinistral or dextral snails with scalariform axial ribbing pattern on the shell, strongly constricted suture, circular aperture minutely denticulate on columellar margin, with double peristome, corneous and thin operculum and the radula formula (as for A. bakeri Bartsch & Morrison 1942) 7 : 5 : 5 : 5 to 5 : 4 : 4 : 2 (as for A. tucma Doering 1885) (Doering 1885;Bartsch & Morrison 1942). Constriction is present but poorly defined, columellar lamella apparently present (overlooked by earlier authors and remains unknown for most species) and bulb absent (own observation based on studied specimens and bibliography; see liew et al. ( ), neubert & Bouchet (2015 and Greķe (2017) for a reference on the terminology used) but not described by earlier authors. Nine species are currently attributed to Adelopoma, all but one from mainland Central and south america and Mexico (Bartsch 1942;Hausdorf & Muñoz 2004;Martins & simone 2014). in spite of a high interest in the american malacofauna and this genus in particular over the past decades (e.g., Quintana 1982;sandoval 1999;Hausdorf & Muñoz 2004;simone 2006;Martins & simone 2014), no published comprehensive key to Adelopoma species exists. ...
Diplommatinidae Gray, 1847, a family of minute cyclophoroid gastropods, is recorded from Ecuador for the first time. Adelopoma gracile Greķe, sp. nov. is described and illustrated from River Pastaza valley, central Ecuador. Differential diagnosis is provided for similar congeners. An annotated checklist of and a preliminary key to the Adelopoma Doering, 1885 species are provided.
... We tentatively assign the new species to the genus Diancta based on the zone of constriction as described in Martens (1864) and in Kobelt's (1902) emendation, "somewhat irregularly coiled". As is the case with many Pacific islands, the Fiji Archipelago remains malacologically underexplored (Greke 2017). Phylogenetic data are underrepresented in the available data, and none of the Fijian Diplommatinidae has so far been molecularly assessed. ...
A new species of Diancta of the staircase snail family Diplommatinidae is described from Mt. Savusavu, Vanua Levu Island, Fiji. Due to its left coiling shell and a constriction before the last whorl, it is placed in the genus Diancta . Micro-CT imaging reveals two apertural teeth and an inner lamella that is situated at the zone of constriction. The shell abruptly changes coiling direction by 45 degrees before the last whorl. Up to now, this coiling modus had not yet been documented for any species of Diplommatinidae from the Fiji Islands.
... The diplommatinid opercula are usually smooth on the outside or are multispiral without elevated lamina (e.g., Yamazaki et al., 2013Yamazaki et al., , 2015Neubert & Bouchet, 2015). However, there are rare examples of elevated opercular lamina in the Diplommatinidae as well (Greķe, 2017;Nurinsiyah & Hausdorf, 2017), therefore this character cannot be used to refute either of the two hypotheses. Further examination will be necessary to infer the taxonomic position of Laotia. ...
Laotia luongi, new species, and Laotia christahemmenae phami, new subspecies, are described from Sơn La Province, northern Vietnam. The new species is similar to L. christahemmenae in size and shape, but differs from it in the widely-spaced, straight ribs and the presence of ribs behind the peristome. Laotia christahemmenae phami, new subspecies, differs from the nominotypical subspecies in the more elevated spire and narrower umbilicus. The operculum of Laotia christahemmenae phami, new subspecies, bears an elevated lamina on its outer surface. This represents the first report of a Laotia operculum.
... Diplommatina Benson, 1849, is a very large genus that is widely distributed from eastern and southern continental Asia, Japan, to the Indo-Australian Archipelago (Kobelt, 1902;Greķe, 2017). Diplommatina species occur in various forest types, from lowland to montane forest. ...
A new land snail species of the family Diplommatinidae from Sarawak is described. Diplommatina azlani, new species, can be distinguished from its congeners in Borneo by a suite of shell characters. It has a sinistral dark ruby red shell with inconspicuous oblique radial ribs, protoconch that is punctate with small pits, and constriction without parietalis and longitudinal palatalis. To date, it is known only from the type locality, Santubong, a recently gazetted national park in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo.
Indonesia as the largest archipelagic country in the world has a very unique geographical position, which is flanked by two continents and two oceans, making Indonesia one of the centers of diversity in marine biota species in the world. Therefore it is not surprising that every year there are always new species being discovered in this region. This paper aims to update information about the existence of new species of molluscs in the last 15 years (2006-2020).
Keywords: Mollusc, Indonesia, new species.
Berita Solaris Vol 2, No 1, 2021
ISSN: 1410-5322
Diplommatinidae Pfeiffer, 1857 is a speciose family of minute operculate land snails that includes more than 500 extant species occurring mainly in Southeastern Asia and northern Oceania with some species in tropical America and, arguably, in Madagascar (Kobelt 1902; Wenz 1938-1939; Haas 1961; Egorov. 2013; Yamazaki et al. 2013; Neubert & Bouchet 2015; Nurinsiyah & Hausdorf 2017; Páll-Gergely et al. 2017a; Greke, 2017). The fossil record of Diplommatinidae is very sparse; it was recorded from the Miocene of Poland (Harzhauser & Neubauer 2018) and four species were recently described from Cretaceous Burmese amber, being the oldest known diplommatinids (Yu et al. 2018; Hirano et al. 2019; Bullis et al. 2020).
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