Ergospirometric indices of evaluation of exercise performance of female swimmers of different ages and qualifications

Abstract

Relevance. The lag of the Russian Federation from the leading world powers in sports swimming stipulates for the search and substantiation of innovative training technologies (rehabilitation and training). Thus the essence of the preseason training process is to be examined. One should use alternative training methods, including effective methods of rehabilitation, specialized motor actions performed in the mode of aerobic threshold, technologies of adaptation to work in conditions of hypoxia, qualification and specialization of young athletes predisposed to specific sport.
Materials and methods. The work contains the results of the age and qualification characteristics of 37 swimmers at the age of 11-12, 13-14 and 17-19 years old of the III, II, I sports grades and candidate masters and masters of sport. The researches were made using the Schiller diagnosing ergospirometry. Athletes were examined in the beginning of the preseason mesocycle. All conditions of the physiological experiment were observed in the research.
Results and discussion. The results of the study of elite female swimmers (MS, CMS) are adduced in Table 1.

Full text

Ergospirometric indices of evaluation of
exercise performance of female swimmers of
different ages and qualifications
Фотографии:
A.V. Shepilov
A.V. Nenasheva
A.P. Isaev

Key words: !"
!
#$!#%!&&
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!$!
 '!!(
)
!& *+)
!+
,$&!*+
-.&!//0/1/-0/2/.0/3444444
!$&!
!!!5& !!
5! &


#$&,,
$/
Table 1.Ergospirometric values of 17-19-year-old female swimmers (n=12)
Parameters SI unit
Rest AT Мах
loading Rest AT Мах
loading
М1М1М1m1m2m3
Loading Watt 171,88 187,50 8,28 9,38
Volume of
oxygen
consumed
L/min 0,08 1,51 1,65 0,02 0,16 0,18
Volume of
oxygen
consumed per
kilogram of body
mass
mL/kg/min 1,39 26,58 28,91 0,31 2,35 2,41
Volume of
СО2inhaled L/min 0,06 1,47 1,70 0,01 0,18 0,19
Respiratory
exchange ratio
RER
RVU 0,59 0,97 1,02 0,01 0,05 0,03
Blood circulation
Heart rate L/min 81,75 172,75 179,38 2,63 3,13 4,00
Oxygen pulse mL per
beat 0,99 8,73 9,18 0,19 0,96 0,99
Systolic arterial
pressure mm Hg 110,00 172,38 170,38 2,99 5,38 7,38

Diastolic arterial
pressure mm Hg 60,00 98,75 92,00 3,00 3,13 7,88
Ventilation
Volume of
oxygen
consumed
L/min 2,00 38,88 44,75 0,38 3,00 3,13
Ventilatory tidal
volume L 0,45 1,26 1,37 0,03 0,13 0,14
Respiratory rate L/min 9,61 30,59 32,38 1,28 1,94 2,03
Physiological
dead space to
tidal volume ratio
98,25 63,00 56,38 0,95 2,63 5,63
geGas exchan
Equivalent О2RVU 11,75 24,38 25,63 0,38 0,68 1,25
Equivalent СО2RVU 14,25 25,00 25,00 0,25 0,45 0,88
End-inspiratory
О2;pressure mm Hg 79,91 104,88 106,99 1,39 1,56 1,61
End-expiratory
CО2;pressure mm Hg 23,10 39,85 39,63 0,79 0,95 1,04
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&!!! 
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 &!#CD>.!
& ! &E/F$
&&=G/32>//:?
G16/>3?G-/6/>9?!
G>92>63$
&!

!$!&'1!
 !&!&A'1$
"&*>61:#@
H !!&!&5$
 !=*'1G1>./>:?*A'1G/.:
/>>?0'1G/-//>1?0 '1G/.-
>33$&!!! !
& !05 I !
&E1F 5!A'1@'1J&
 /3><@'1<@'1 !G*
#CK>.:G>6:#@8 !"
&@'1@'1!&5
'1&8
*& !0 
'1 !!B#5
!(/.0/300
&
B&!&!5$1//
 !/>2' !661/>:
5LG/:.>33$/9:>3-
$ !&
)!$
!+
$
&!&='1A'1
! !$!
#CK>./;&!
$!*'1A'10
'10 '1!
!/-0/20
5!'1A'1
! !
!E/F$ !!
!!
$(*&!
$!'1("("(
!J= !G/>? G1>-?
!G>:-?G>3:
$!/-0/200&
$1
Table 2.Ergospirometric indices in 13-14-year-old female swimmers (n=13)
Parameters SI unit
Rest AT Мах
loading Rest AT Мах
loading
М1М1М1m1m2m3

Loading Watt 172 175 5,07 5,27
Volume of
oxygen
consumed
L/min 0,07 1,83 1,85 0,01 0,06 0,08
Volume of
oxygen
consumed per
kilogram of body
mass
mL/kg/min 1,4 37,2 37,8 0,04 1,14 1,24
Inspired
СО2volume L/min 0,05 1,830 1,832 0,01 0,06 0,06
Respiratory
exchange ratio
RER
RVU 0,71 0,92 0,99 0,01 0,07 0,09
Blood circulation
Heart rate L/min 96 172 175 3,01 5,07 5,27
Oxygen pulse mL per
beat 0,7 96 10,6 0,02 0,22 0,32
Systolic arterial
pressure mm Hg 115,84 172 170 2,78 3,07 3,37
Diastolic arterial
pressure mm Hg 76,45 78 76 1,98 2,29 2,19
Ventilation
Inspiratory
volume L/min 2,0 52 56,0 0,06 1,27 1,57
Ventilatory tidal
volume L 0,37 1,28 1,31 0,01 0,03 0,04

Respiratory rate L/min 11,0 40,5 40,83 112 1,22 0,33
Physiological
dead space to
tidal volume ratio
98 72 62 4,35 2,96 2,46
Gas exchange
Equivalent О2RVU 18,00 27 30,54 0,60 0,82 0,84
Equivalent СО2RVU 16,00 27 30,00 0,001 0,81 0,61
End-inspiratory
О2;pressure mm Hg 104,2 104,7 113,14 3,12 3,15 3,44
End-expiratory
СО2;pressure mm Hg 29,7 38,1 40,89 3,15 4,15 5,19
5&$1!5L/.1>>7:>.8
 !&/.:>>7:1.8!/>1$
'15L !
19/2192-!19:./>1$
A'1-99>/>>*
/->/>6$/-0/200
/.0/300*
! !M!$
 !!$!&
&!$0
 A'1!/-0/200 
$NA'1&
!J&E/F
@!&&&= 
G19>>/>6G-9./>/!
>.->69! !=
*'1G/://-*A'1G/93///0
'1G/>2/>60 '1G/16
/>.$!&&=
/.3/>/ !G/-.///>5LG/26
>335LG/>1>3.
L!&!+
! *!
O$*'1&&A'1!461P
* !! !
!4 &*6663P
/1/16P$61P

$ !&!//0/1$
-
Table 3.Ergospirometric values of 11-12-year-old female swimmers (n=15)
Parameters SI unit Rest AT Мах loading Rest AT Мах loading
Parameters SI unit
Rest AT Мах
loading Rest AT Мах
loading
М1М1М1m1m2m3
Loading Watt 141,67 166,67 ????? 2,19 2,89
Volume of
oxygen
consumed
L/min 0,05 1,02 1,26 0,02 0,05 0,01
Volume of
oxygen
consumed per
kilogram of body
mass
mL/kg/min 3,80 24,17 29,47 0,01 0,59 0,61
Volume of
СО2inhaled L/min 0,14 1,00 1,33 0,01 0,03 0,04
Respiratory
exchange ratio
RER
RVU 0,93 0,98 1,05 0,01 0,02 0,05
Blood circulation
Heart rate L/min 75,33 172,00 181,33 2,42 1,73 0,01
Oxygen pulse mL per
beat 1,80 5,93 7,00 0,09 0,12 0,24
Systolic arterial
pressure mm Hg 115,36 158,67 162,00 5,43 5,98 6,47
Diastolic arterial mm Hg 75,34 86,00 88,33 0,81 2,08 4,51

pressure
Ventilation
Inspiratory
volume L/min 4,00 27,33 36,33 0,01 1,46 1,73
Ventilatory tidal
volume L 0,25 0,85 0,98 0,001 0,01 0,04
Respiratory rate L/min 18,20 33,00 37,20 0,62 1,92 1,94
Physiological
dead space to
tidal volume
ratio
98,33 65,67 54,67 1,09 1,96 2,42
Gas exchange
Equivalent О2RVU 24,00 25,00 27,67 0,58 0,62 0,68
Equivalent СО2RVU 25,00 25,33 26,00 0,58 0,69 0,93
End-inspiratory
О2;pressure mm Hg 113,40 105,13 107,43 0,36 0,44 0,76
End-expiratory
CО2;pressure mm Hg 27,50 37,87 38,50 0,60 0,66 0,82
5&$-'1
5$1>2> !
/12$ !!!9-9
/11!$A'1G./2/--$
*/>:/>.$
!#CK/;& 
!$!96-/--G
-2>//:$G/6///-$
!>9.>6-$*
'1G/>2///QA'1G/>//>-$
 !!/>2/.P !
!$0'1!>3-/>10 
'1G/-6/61B116/6:' !
-13//35L/-./>-5LG//2
/>-

$ !!&/>2/.P
 !!$*+!
0!&!
!$ !!!
 !/-0/200
&!5$ !$'1
! ! !)
 !)! !!
! !6>03>P$
"&!&!!
+&!4
( A'1!!
E1F
$!(*!
*!!
Bibliography
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!<S5;G,&=T1>>3G-96L4#
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Author’s contacts:.3U!