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Sciarid flies from Dominican Amber (Diptera, Sciaridae)

December 2005
Contributions to Entomology 55(2):319-361

December 2005
55(2):319-361

DOI:10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

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CC BY-SA 4.0

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Das Ergebnis der nachfolgenden Untersuchung ist die Neubeschreibung von 20 fossilen Arten aus Dominikanischen Bernstein und einer neuen Gattung mit fossilen und einer rezenten Art aus Afrika. Die Arten können acht Gattungen zugeordnet werden: Trichosia (Subgenus Mouffetina [1]); Leptosciarella (Subgenus Leptosciarella [1]), Cratyna (Subgenus Cratyna [1]), Cratyna unplaziert [2], Archicratyna gen. nov. [4], Chaetosciara [1], Bradysiopsis [1], Bradysia [3], Corynoptera [3] und Epidapus [4]. - Keine Art aus dem Dominikanischen Bernstein ist identisch mit Arten aus dem Baltischen bzw. dem Sächsischen (Bitterfeld) Bernstein, gehören aber zu gemeinsamen Gattungen wie Trichosia, Leptosciarella, Cratyna, Corynoptera and Epidapus. Alle Arten vom Dominikanischen Bernstein gehören zu rezenten Gattungen, während viele Arten vom Baltischen und Sächsischen Bernstein ausgestorbenen Gattungen bzw. Untergattungen repräsentieren. Außerdem ist die Merkmalsausprägung moderner als bei den Arten aus Europäischem Bernstein. Erstaunlich ist weiterhin, dass die fossile Sciaridenfauna aus dem Dominikanischen Bernstein mehr Ähnlichkeiten mit der rezenten Fauna der Holarktischen Region als mit der rezenten Fauna von Mittel- und Südamerika aufweist.StichwörterSciaridae, Dominican Amber.Nomenklatorische Handlungenarcana Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Archicratyna), spec. n.subarcana Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Archicratyna), spec. n.trichoarcana Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Archicratyna), spec. n.zimbabweensis Mohrig, 2005 (Archicratyna), spec. n.antiqua Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Bradysia), spec. n.dimidiata Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Bradysia), spec. n.exoleta Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Bradysia), spec. n.repentina Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Bradysiopsis), spec. n.obsoleta Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Chaetosciara), spec. n.iocosa Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Corynoptera), spec. n.prisca Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Corynoptera), spec. n.pristina Röschmann & Mohrig, 2005 (Corynoptera), spec. n.interposita Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Cratyna), spec. n.villosoantennata Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Cratyna), spec. n.tempestiva Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Cratyna (Cratyna)), spec. n.adstrictosetus Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Epidapus), spec. n.longisetus Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Epidapus), spec. n.macrospinatus Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Epidapus), spec. n.microspinus Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Epidapus), spec. n.manifesta Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Leptosciarella (Leptosciarella)), spec. n.Archicratyna Mohrig, 2005 (Sciaridae), gen. n.nova Mohrig & Röschmann, 2005 (Trichosia (Moufettina)), spec. n.

Trichosia (Mouffetina) nova sp. n. †. a) gonostylus, x 400; b) flagellomere 4; c) basal part of antennae with pedicel and flagellomeres 1-3; d) palpus; x 200; e) wing, x 30.

…

Leptosciarella (Leptosciarella) manifesta sp. n. †. a) gonostylus x 400; b) flagellomere 4; c) palpus; d) haltere; e) tip of fore tibia, x 200; f) magnification in mm.

…

Cratyna (Cratyna) tempestiva sp. n. †. a) hypopygium, right side, x 200; b) gonostylus, x 400; c) flagellomeres 3-4; d) palpus; e) tip of fore tibia; f) hint tibia; g) halter, x 200; h) wing, x 80.

…

Cratyna villosoantennata sp. n. †. a) gonostylus; b) flagellomere 4; c) hint tibia; d) tip of fore tibia, all x 200.

…

Cratyna interposita sp. n. †. a) gonostylus; b) flagellomeres 3-4; c) hint tibia; d) tip of fore tibia; e) dorsal part of thorax, lateral view, x 200.

…

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

55

  

55  

Sciarid ﬂies from Dominican Amber

(Diptera, Sciaridae)





Summary

 

Trichosia

MouﬀetinaLeptosciarellaLeptosciarellaCratynaCratynaCratyna

ArchicratynaChaetosciaraBradysiopsisBradysiaCorynoptera

Epidapus

   

           Trichosia, Leptosciarella,

Cratyna, CorynopteraEpidapus



   





Zusammenfassung



   

     Trichosia  Mouﬀetina  Leptosciarella 

Leptosciarella  Cratyna  Cratyna  Cratyna   Archicratyna   

ChaetosciaraBradysiopsisBradysiaCorynopteraEpidapus

              

  Trichosia, Leptosciarella,

Cratyna, Corynoptera  Epidapus        



     







Key words



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 















































       

   Trichosia,

Leptosciarella, Cratyna, Epidapus, Corynoptera  Lycoriella   Succinosciara













    





CorynopteraTrichosia/LeptosciarellaLycoriella

EpidapusCratyna



   Hymenaea      

       





   



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55













               





 



      





























 

    





             

       



  







Order Insecta

Family Sciaridae BILLBERG, 1820

Genus Trichosia WINNERTZ, 1867

Type species:

Trichosia splendens

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Trichosia 



Trichosia

meunieriTrichosia

Palaeotrichosia

Archaeosciara

  Mouﬀetina     

T. ﬁlispina



Subgenus Mouffetina FREY, 1942

Type species:

Plastosciara pulchricornis

Trichosia (Mouffetina) nova sp. n. †



Description:

















Thorax:







   

























DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Abdomen:

  









Material:





















 









Remarks:

TrichosiaMouﬀetina





TrichosiaMpulchricor-

nisT.Mﬁlispina







Genus Leptosciarella TUOMIKOSKI, 1960

Type species:

Sciara elegans    Sciara scutellata  



Leptosciarella

Leptosciarella









Protosciarella 

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

   Hirtipennia  Trichosiopsis

Leptospina 





 Leptosciarella 







Protosciarella

Leptosciarella



Subgenus Leptosciarella TUOMIKOSKI, 1960 s. str.

Type species:

Sciara elegansSciara scutellata



Leptosciarella (Leptosciarella) manifesta sp. n. †



Description:

Head.





   

  







Thorax:

























DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Abdomen:

   









Material:













Remarks:

Leptosciarella







Leptosciarella nudivenosa



Genus Cratyna WINNERTZ, 1867

Type species:

Cratyna atra

Cratyna atraPseudosciara pictiventris

 Plastosciara        

Cratyna

 Plastosciara  Termitosciara

PeyerimhoﬃaSpathobdella

Spathobdella

C. nobilis

Cratyna archaica



      Cratyna        

C. atra PeyerimhoﬃaC. vagabunda



Cratyna

  







Cratyna

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 





            

Plastosciara keilbachi

Subgenus Cratyna WINNERTZ s. str.

Type species:

Cratyna atra

Cratyna (Cratyna) tempestiva sp. n. †



Description:

 Head.











Thorax:

     

























Abdomen:















DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Material:



 



 







Remarks:

Cratyna



 

Cr. subalpinaCr. curaosi

Cr. fumoalata      









Unplaced species of Cratyna

Cratyna villosoantennata sp. n. †



Description:

 Head.     

       









Thorax:











 

 



   







DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Abdomen:

   

   



 



Material:



 



Remarks:







 Cratyna



Cr. interposita

Culiginosa



Cratyna interposita sp. n. †



Description:

 Head.

      

 

  





Thorax:













         

      









DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Abdomen:









Material:





 







Remarks:







 Cratyna

Genus Archicratyna MOHRIG gen. n.

Type species:

Archicratyna zimbabweensis

Diagnosis:

Head.

    



     

     



       













Remarks:





Cratyna

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Archicratyna zimbabweensis MOHRIG sp. n.



Description:

Head.









Thorax:

 



              





 







Abdomen:

    









Material:







Remarks:

 











DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Archicratyna arcana sp. n. †



Description:

 Head.

    

   



 



Thorax:



       











  







Abdomen:











Material:













Remarks:









DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Archicratyna trichoarcana



Archicratyna trichoarcana sp. n. †



Description:

 Head.  

          









Thorax:

  

       

             



















Abdomen:









Material:







Remarks:

Archicratyna arcanaArchicratynasubar-

cana

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Archicratyna subarcana MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.



    







Thorax:

   





















Abdomen:



  



   



Material:









Remarks:

Archicratyna arcana



Chaetosciara FREY, 1942



Type species:

Sciara estlandica

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 









Chaetosciara gilva 







Chaetosciara obsoleta MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.





   









Thorax:







  



















Abdomen:

   

   







Material:



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

 







Remarks:

Chaetosciara





Chaetosciara gilva

Ch. estlandica



Genus Bradysiopsis TUOMIKOSKI, 1960



Type species:Lycoriella (Bradysiopsis) leucotricha      



      

 



 

     



Bradysiopsis repentina MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.











Thorax:



      

          







DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 





      





 





Abdomen:











Material:







 



Remarks:

Bradysiopsis









 

Bradysiopsis vittata  



Genus Bradysia WINNERTZ, 1867



Type species:

Bradysia angustipennis

Bradysia

      







Bradysia



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Bradysia.







Bradysia antiqua MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.     









Thorax:





















Abdomen:











Material:



 



 



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 



  



Remarks:

Bradysia









Bradysia exoleta MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.



    





Thorax:

    



















Abdomen:













Material:







DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55











Remarks:

Bradysia





Bradysia





Bradysia dimidiata MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:









Thorax:





          



















Abdomen:



         





DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Material:







Remarks:

Bradysia 







Bradysia

Genus Corynoptera WINNERTZ, 1867



Type species:

Corynoptera perpusilla

CorynopteraBradysia

Bradysia, 

       





      Corynoptera       





  Corynoptera,  Trichosia,

LeptosciarellaEpidapus



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Corynoptera











  











Corynoptera subtilis



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Corynoptera pristina RÖSCHMANN & MOHRIG n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.     

      



    



  



Thorax:





















Abdomen:

  







Material:



 



Remarks:

Corynoptera





   

C. perpusillaC.sphenoptera

       





DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Corynoptera prisca MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:









Thorax:





  

        



 









Abdomen:











Material:



 





 

            

















DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Remarks:

Corynoptera



C. pristinasubtilis

            





Corynoptera iocosa MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.

      









Thorax:

 



            















Abdomen:









              



Material:



         





DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 







Remarks:

Corynoptera





C. blanda



Genus Epidapus Haliday, 1851



Type species: Chionea venaticaTipula atomaria

E. atomarius

E. gracilisE. microthorax



 Epidapus









   Epidapus            







Epidapus











Epidapus

Epidapus microspinus MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.     

             

 



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Thorax:

























Abdomen:











Material:











Remarks:

 Epidapus 

Epidapus



Epidapus

Epidapus macrospinatus MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.





Thorax:





DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 











Abdomen:

          







Material:









Remarks:

  Epidapus

Epidapus



Epidapus adstrictosetus MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.

 



Thorax:











 



 



  





DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Abdomen:









Material:







 

E. longisetus

Remarks:





Pseudoaptanogyna

E. ignava



Epidapus longisetus MOHRIG & RÖSCHMANN n. sp. †



Description:

 Head.

    



Thorax:





















DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Abdomen:



          







Material:





E. adstrictosetus





Cpristina

Remarks:

EpidapusEmi-

crothorax



 





  

        







   Trichosia,

Leptosciarella, Cratyna, Corynoptera Epidapus

Chaetosciara, Archicratyna, Bradysiopsis

Bradysia

























DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55





























Trichosia,

Leptosciarella, Corynoptera



Pseudosciara, Rhynchosciara, OdontosciaraZygomma, Pseudolycoriella

Mouﬀettina

Leptosciarella



Chaetosciara

Bradysiopsis 

Corynoptera

Bradysia



CratynatempestivaArchicratyna

 Cratyna       

Cratyna tempestiva



 Archicratyna

       

             

      













   







      

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 





       



    



        





       

     

























Literature







22











 62





  2

2





5 



6



28 

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Sciara

SchwenckfeldinaAerumnosa  .Cratyna,PhytosciaraChaetosciara 6



            

Scythropochroa Cratyna  Pictosciara   Pseudozygomma   Epidapus

Macrotarsus Pnyxia CorynopteraKeilbachiaScatopsciara undPelliciplanta





7



41 







71 

    

Epidapus





          

44



1 



42 

            



69 



10 



36

12 



  

86

            

21 

Author’ s address:











DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 



Fig. 1:Trichosia Mouﬀetina novaa)b)c)

d)e)

Fig. 2:LeptosciarellaLeptosciarellamanifesta a)b)c)

d) e)f)

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Fig. 3:CratynaCratynatempestivaa)b)

c)d)e)f)g)h)

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Fig. 4:Cratyna villosoantennataa)b)c)d)



Fig. 5:Cratyna interpositaa)b)c)d)

e) 

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Fig. 6:Archicratyna zimbabwae

a) b)

c)d)

e)

Fig. 7:Archicratyna ar-

cana a)

   b)

 c)

   

  

d)e)

f )

g)



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Fig. 8:Archicratyna trichoarcana

 a)  

b)

 c) 

d)

   

   e)  f)  



Fig. 9:Archicratyna subarcana

a)b)

c)d)

e)



DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Fig. 10:Chaetosciara obsoletaa)b)c)

d)e)

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Fig. 11:Bradysiopsis repentinaa)b)c)d)

e)

Fig. 12:Bradysia antiquaa)b)c)

d)e)

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Fig. 13:Bradysia exoleta a)b)c)

d)

Fig. 14:Bradysia dimidiata a)b)c)d)

e)

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

 

Fig. 18:Epidapus microspinusa)b)c)d)

e)f)

Fig. 15:Corynoptera pristina a)b)c)d)

e)f)

Fig. 16:Corynoptera priscaa)

b)c)



Fig. 17:Corynoptera iocosa

a)b)

c)

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361



55

Fig. 20:Epidapus adstrictosetusa) 

b)c)

d)

Fig. 19:Epidapus macrospinatusa)b)

c)d)

Fig. 21:Epidapus longisetusa)

b)c)d)

e)

DOI: 10.21248/contrib.entomol.55.2.319-361

21 Sciaridae (Black Fungus Gnats). - Pp. 557-580. - In: Manual of Afrotropical Diptera. Volume 2. Nematocerous Diptera and lower Brachycera.

Chapter

Full-text available

Dec 2017

Considering taxonomic decisions and other results (published descriptions, synonymies and records) into account, there are currently 101 species of Sciaridae known to occur in the Afrotropics. Of these, 78 species in 23 genera remain to be properly classified and the remaining 23 species have not yet been studied and are therefore, regarded as Sciaridae incertae sedis for the time being. Kirk-Spriggs & Stuckenberg (2009) estimated the Afrotropical fauna to contain 2,000+ species of Sciaridae.

Schwenckfeldina archoica sp. nov. (Diptera, Sciaridae) from the middle Miocene Mexican amber

Article

Full-text available

Jan 2007

Mónica M. Solórzano Kraemer

Schwenckfeldina archoica sp. nov. is the first sciarid fly described from Mexican amber, approximately 20 million years old. The species shows in all details modern morphological structures and is very closely related to recent representatives of the Schwenckfeldina forcipigera species group, presently known from at least ten species distributed in Central America.

Molecular phylogeny of Black Fungus Gnats (Diptera: Sciaroidea: Sciaridae) and the evolution of larval habitats.

Article

Mar 2013
MOL PHYLOGENET EVOL

The effect of ambient temperature on larvae of Scatopsciara cunicularius (Diptera: Sciaridae) feeding on the thallose liverwort Marchantia polymorpha

Article

Full-text available

Mar 2016

Herbivory on liverworts is rarely reported. We studied the effects of feeding by larvae of the sciarid fly Scatopsciara cunicularius on the growth of the thalloid liverwort Marchantia polymorpha at two different constant temperatures, 12°C and 22°C. Larvae reared at the lower temperature fed slower and over a longer period of time, which resulted in more damage and a greater reduction in the growth of the liverwort than that caused by those reared at the higher temperature. The reduction in growth of the liverwort was positively density-dependent in terms of number of larvae at both temperatures. These results indicate that the larvae of S. cunicularius are likely to be an effective means of controlling M. polymorpha, which is a common weed in plant nurseries and greenhouse cultures.

New Black Fungus Gnats (Diptera, Sciaridae) of North America. Part II. Genus Bradysiopsis Tuomikoski, 1960

Article

Aug 2016

The genus Bradysiopsis Tuomikoski is new for the sciarid fauna of North America. It includes 6 species. Four of them are new for science. These are Bradysiopsis postvittigera sp. n., Br. praevittata sp. n., Br. praevittigera sp. n. and Br. Subvittigera sp. n. Two species, Br. vittata (Meigen, 1830) and Br. vittigera (Zetterstedt, 1851), are distributed in the Holarctic but new for North America. In this paper species are described, illustrated by figures and a key for classification as well as distribution data are given.

Revision der neotropischen Trauermücken - Teil I. Die Gattungen Cratyna Winnertz, Euricrium Enderlein, Metangela Rübsaamen, Pseudosciara Schiner und Sciara Meigen (Diptera: Sciaridae).

Article

Full-text available

Jun 2014

This revision covers 40 species of the genera Cratyna Winnertz, 1867 [4 species], Euricrium Enderlein, 1911 [8 species], Metangela Rübsaamen, 1894 [4 species], Pseudosciara Schiner, 1866 [21 species] and Sciara Meigen, 1803 [3 species]. The species are redescribed and illustrated. Sixty-three species are newly combined and four names identified as synonyms: Plastosciara barretoi Lane, 1960 is a new synonym of Cratyna boracensis (Lane, 1960); Plastosciara downsi Lane, 1960 is a new synonym of Cratyna cucarisi (Lane, 1960); Euricrium fulgescens Enderlein is a new synonym of Euricrium ruebsaameni (Enderlein); Pseudosc. aitkeni Lane, 1959 is a new synonym of Pseudosc. forceps (Pettey, 1918). In addition, 3 names are raised from synonymy [Metangela spinata Lane, 1955 restit., Pseudosc. ribeiroi (Lane, 1955) restit., Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911 restit.], and 2 preoccupied names were replaced: Pseudos. willistoni Menzel nom. nov. for Sciara concinna Williston, 1896 [preocc.] and Pseudos. helleri Menzel nom. nov. for Sciara debilis Williston, 1896 [preocc.]. It was further found necessary to designate a lectotype for Pseudosc. willistoni Menzel nom. nov. and neotypes for Pseudosc. muricata (Lengersdorf, 1926), Pseudosciara thoracica (Lengersdorf, 1930) and Metangela bicolorata (Lengersdorf, 1930). Unknown males of two species are described and illustrated [Euricrium varians (Lane), Pseudosc. humeropicta (Lengersdorf)]. The genus group names Zygomma Enderlein, 1911 [preocc], Mapiria Edwards, 1934 and Muhabbetiola Koçak, 2009 are junior synonyms of Euricrium Enderlein, 1911. The genus Pseudosciara Schiner was split into two subgenera Pseudosciara s. str. and Pseudosciarella subgen. nov. After this revision the genera Apelmocreagris Enderlein, 1911, Trichomegalosphys Enderlein, 1911 and Trichosia Winnertz, 1867 are not represented within the Neotropical region and must be deleted from the catalog of Neotropical sciarids. The genus Pseudozygoneura Steffan, 1969 is also a synonym of Cratyna Winnertz. The 41 described species of Pseudozygoneura revised by Hippa et al. (1998) are therefore new combined in the subgenus Cratyna s. str. [in German]

Review of the Holarctic Corynoptera Winnertz, 1867, s. str. (Diptera, Sciaridae)

Article

Full-text available

Dec 2010

Corynoptera Winnertz, s. str., is defined. In the Holarctic region it includes 123 species. The species are diagnosed and keyed, and distribution data are given. The following 50 new species are described: Corynoptera adustula (Nepal), C. aequispina (Canada: Quebec), C. alneti (Europe, Canada: British Columbia), C. andalusica (Spain, Greece), C. angustior (W Europe), C. anodon (Japan), C. badia (Italy), C. caesula (Spain), C. collicola (Japan), C. condyloma (Japan), C. controversa (Russia: Primorsk region), C. curvapex (Japan), C. decepta (Russia: Primorsk region), C. digemina (Japan), C. dioon(Nepal), C. distenta (Japan), C. exerta (Russia: Primorsk region), C. fimbriata (Japan), C. flava (Germany, Sweden), C. gemellata (Czech Republic), C. iberica (Spain), C. inclinata (Morocco), C. latibula (Spain), C. lobata (Japan), C. micula(Japan), C. minax (Japan), C. ninae (Finland), C. pacifica (USA: California), C. paracantha (Japan), C. patula (W Europe, Sri Lanka), C. phili (Canada: Ontario, Quebec), C. plusiochaeta (Finland, Sweden, USA: Alaska), C. primoriensis (Russia: Primorsk region), C. redunca (Canada: Quebec), C. romana (Italy), C. serotina (Spain), C. sinedens (Japan), C. sphaerula (Japan), C. spiciceps (Morocco), C. spicigera (Nepal), C. stellaris (Austria, Germany), C. subclinochaeta (Germany, Greece, Russia: Krasnodar region), C. tarda (Russia: Altay region), C. trichistylis (Canada: British Columbia), C. truncatula (Spain), C. tumidula (Finland, Sweden), C. umbrata (Greece, Spain), C. uncinula (Canada, Russia: Yamal Peninsula), C. undulosa (Italy, Portugal, Spain), and C. vulcani (Spain: Canary Islands). The status of C. consumpta (Freeman, 1987), C. defecta (Frey, 1948), C. dubitata Tuomikoski, 1960 and C. arboris Fritz, 1982, is restored as valid species, whereas the following species are regarded as junior synonyms: C. bisulca Mohrig & Mamaev, 1987 = C. bipartita Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1985, C. fritzi Mohrig & Rulik, 2001 = C. triacantha Tuomikoski, 1960, C. praepiniphila Mohrig & Dimitrova, 1992= C. alticola (Kieffer, 1919), C. simonae Rudzinski, 1992 = C. macricula Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1986 and C. spungisi Mohrig & Krivosheina, 1985 = C. irmgardis (Lengersdorf, 1930). Lectotypes are designated for C. dubitata Tuomikoski, 1960, C. gymnops Tuomikoski, 1960, C. inexspectata Tuomikoski, 1960, C. levis Tuomikoski, 1960, C. saccataTuomikoski, C. sphenoptera Tuomikoski, 1960, C. tetrachaeta Tuomikoski, 1960, and Bradysia pachycerca Frey, 1948.

Amber fossil Drosphilidae (Diptera), with particular reference to the Hispaniolan taxa

Article

Jan 1987

David Grimaldi

Beiträge zur kenntnis fossiler trauermücken aus Sächsischem Bernstein. teil II. Drei neue sciariden aus tertiär-Harzen des bitterfelder braunkohlereviers (insecta, diptera, sciaridae)

Article

Mar 1995

Examination of 278 pieces of fossil resins from the lower Miocene Saxonian amber (opencast mining Goitsche/Bitterfeld/Germany) yielded to a total of 60 Sciarids in 29 pieces of amber. They belong to 9 species from 3 genera. The speciesEpidapus Primarius, Trichosia (Palaeotrichosia) voelsgeni andTrichosia (Palaeotrichosia) kedingi are new. The other species are known also from Baltic amber.

Ökofaunistischer Vergleich von Nematoceren-Faunen (Insecta; Diptera: Sciaridae und Ceratopogonidae) des Baltischen und Sächsischen Bernsteins (Tertiär, Oligozän-Miozän)

Article

May 1997

Frank Röschmann

Based on ecofaunistical indices (dominance, similarity indices:Jaccard-, Sørensen-, Renkonen-Index) Sciaridae and Ceratopogonidae of Baltic amber and Saxonian amber from Bitterfeld are compared. Despite of the age difference of the amber-bearing deposits of 13–18 Mio. years the included sciarids have a species identity of 34.2% (Jaccard-Index) and a dominance identity of 49.5% (Renkonen-Index). Because of the less carefully studied material from Saxonian amber the ceratopogonids have a species identity of only 9.5 % (Jaccard-Index) (Szadziewski 1993); remarkable is the dominance identity of 37 % (Renkonen-Index). Compared with the data from recent faunas the high degree of identity is the result of a pronounced similarity of the nematoceran faunas of Baltic and Saxonian amber. The ecofaunistic comparison of the sciarids and ceratopogonids provides evidence for two geographically separated amber producing forests. They are more closely related with respect to their age than indicated by the deposits.

Geologia de la region amberifera oriental de la Republica Dominicana

Jan 1982
303-332

S B Brouwer
P A Brouwer

BROUWER, S. B. & BROUWER, P. A. 1982: Geologia de la region amberifera oriental de la Republica Dominicana. -Proc. 9 th Caribbean Geological Conference, Santo Domingo: 303-332.

Mycetobiine Woodgnats (Diptera: Anisopodidae) from the Oligo-Miocene Amber of the Dominican Republic, and Old World Affinities

Jan 1991
24

D A Grimaldi

GRIMALDI, D. A. 1991: Mycetobiine Woodgnats (Diptera: Anisopodidae) from the Oligo-Miocene Amber of the Dominican Republic, and Old World Affinities. -Am. Mus. Novitates 3014: 24 pp.

A new family of the Diptera from the Triassic deposits of Australia and ist presumable descendants [Diptera, Crosaphidae fam

Jan 1983
800-804

V G Kovalev

KOVALEV, V. G. 1983: (A new family of the Diptera from the Triassic deposits of Australia and ist presumable descendants [Diptera, Crosaphidae fam. n., Mycetobioidea]). -Ontomol. Oboszr., Leningrad 62 (4): 800-804.

Contributions to a Manual of Palearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance)

Jan 1997
51-69

F Menzel
W Mohrig
L Papp
B Darvas

MENZEL, F. & MOHRIG, W. 1997: 2.6. Family Sciaridae. -In: PAPP, L. & DARVAS, B. [Hsg.]: Contributions to a Manual of Palearctic Diptera (with special reference to flies of economic importance). Volume 2: Nematocera and lower Brachycera. -Science Herald, 2: 51-69;

Jan 1999
1-761

F Menzel
W Mohrig

MENZEL, F. & MOHRIG, W. 1999: Revision der paläarktischen Trauermücken (Diptera: Sciaridae). -Studia dipterologica Supplement 6: 1-761;

Monographie des Cecidomyidae, des Sciaridae, des Mycetophilidae et des -Chironomidae de l` ambre de la Baltique

Jan 1904
12-275

F Meunier

MEUNIER, F. 1904: Monographie des Cecidomyidae, des Sciaridae, des Mycetophilidae et des -Chironomidae de l` ambre de la Baltique. -Ann. Soc. Scient. Brux., Louvain 28 (2): 12-275.

Die Trauermücken (Diptera: Sciaridae) von Papua-Neuguinea. Teil I -Gattung Sciara, Schwenckfeldina, Aerumnosa gen. nov., Cratyna, Phytosciara und Chaetosciara

Jan 1999
153-203

Mohrig W

MOHRIG W. 1999: Die Trauermücken (Diptera: Sciaridae) von Papua-Neuguinea. Teil I -Gattung Sciara, Schwenckfeldina, Aerumnosa gen. nov., Cratyna, Phytosciara und Chaetosciara. -Studia dipterologica 6 (1): 153-203.

Sciarid flies from Dominican Amber (Diptera, Sciaridae)

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