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ARTICLE OF PROFESSIONAL INTERESTS
Special Issue: Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics
Vasant Matsagar
1
ÓThe Institution of Engineers (India) 2016
The 9th biennial Structural Engineering Convention
(SEC2014) was hosted by the Department of Civil Engi-
neering at Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Delhi dur-
ing Monday, 22nd to Wednesday, 24th December 2014.
The event formed an excellent platform to attract a diverse
range of civil and structural engineering practitioners,
academicians, research scholars, and industry delegates to
deliberate on the matters concerning structural engineering.
It covered a wide range of structural engineering topics
such as advanced structural materials, blast resistant design
of structures, computational solid mechanics, concrete
materials and structures, earthquake engineering, fire
engineering, random vibrations, smart materials and
structures, soil-structure interaction, steel structures,
structural dynamics, structural health monitoring, structural
stability, wind engineering, to name a few. A total of 374
full-length papers were accepted for presentation and
included in the five-volume book proceedings of the
SEC2014, and amongst these 205 papers were included in
the book proceedings published by the Springer after a
thorough three-stage review and meticulous editing pro-
cesses. The articles were organised into three volumes in
some broad categories covering subject matters on
mechanics, dynamics, and materials.
For the ever increasing need of housing and infrastruc-
ture with exponential population growth, especially in the
seismic prone areas, the need to build earthquake resistant
structures for making hazard resilient community cannot be
overemphasised. Therefore, the specialised theme of
Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics has
become of paramount importance especially to the struc-
tural engineers. The prime objective of the researchers
engaged in developing solutions on variety of earthquake
engineering problems has always been to emphasise
reducing the seismic vulnerability of structures and thereby
ascertaining life safety. Significant research contributions
have been made over a quarter of the last century, in the
developed as well as developing countries addressing the
local and site-specific needs in earthquake resistant design
of structures. Based on the sound principles of structural
dynamics underlying, the discipline of earthquake engi-
neering subsequently encompasses myriad issues pertain-
ing to the practice of earthquake hazards mitigation,
preparedness, and recovery.
With an intention to edify the theoretical and practical
aspects of the recent technological advancements made in
the disciplines of structural dynamics and earthquake
engineering, a two-day International Workshop on
‘‘Emerging Trends in Earthquake Engineering and Struc-
tural Dynamics’’ was organised during Saturday, 20th to
Sunday, 21st December, 2014 as a preconvention event to
the SEC2014 at IIT Delhi. The essential aspects of
dynamics and seismic engineering, important for research
and industrial applications, were covered in this workshop.
This included deliberations on the state-of-the-art of
earthquake engineering practices in India, concepts of
seismic design in buildings, bridges, pipelines, dams, etc.,
engineering aspects of seismic micro-zonation, reliability
analysis and the advanced topics, such as, seismic control
techniques, probabilistic structural dynamics, and structural
health monitoring. The main objective of this workshop
was to provide a glimpse of emerging trends in the field of
&Vasant Matsagar
matsagar@civil.iitd.ac.in
1
Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of
Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110 016, India
123
J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A
DOI 10.1007/s40030-016-0186-7
structural dynamics and earthquake engineering, and to
provide an enabling platform for participating delegates to
interact with the eminent researchers in these fields in
India.
As the protection of civil infrastructure from extreme
natural hazards is an important issue, significant efforts are
being made worldwide to solve the problems closely
related to earthquake engineering and structural dynamics.
The growing challenges, which the humanity are facing to
mitigate the earthquake hazards and to develop hazard
resilient environment, are required to be met with by
innovative technologies. With this mission, the organisers
of the SEC2014 and the Editors of the Journal of The
Institution of Engineers (India): Series-A had decided to
undertake the immense task of publishing a Special Issue
on ‘‘Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics’’.
The outcome of their valuable efforts has been meant to
form a rational balance of exchange of know-hows
between the academicians and practicing engineers so that
both the groups are mutually benefitted. Therefore, eight
best papers were invited by a SEC2014 Committee for
considerably enhancing the technical matter presented
within it for further re-review by the peers and possible
publication after acceptance in this Special Issue.
The objectives of publishing this Special Issue in the
Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India): Series-A
are to highlight the current research trends in earthquake
engineering, and to report the scientific contributions made
therein focusing on newly constructed steel, reinforced
concrete (RC), and composite structures, retrofitting and
upgrading issues of the existing structures. The current
issue covers a wide range of topics, in terms of analysis and
design, experimental testing, and retrofitting of structural
assemblage exposed to the dynamic earthquake loads pri-
marily dealing with the safety of the structures. After peer-
review process, six articles were finally recommended for
publishing in the Special Issue, which generally dealt with
the special retrofitting techniques along with the imple-
mentation of the novel passive and semi-active control
systems in the steel and RC structures. Careful attention
was also given on the experimental portion of the articles,
which would benefit the practicing design engineers in
analysing the customary structures subjected to the earth-
quake loading. The accepted papers have authorships from
different recognised institutes in India; the specific tech-
nical details of the accepted papers are given in the fol-
lowing sections.
The Special Issue reports one manuscript concerning
findings from the experimental investigation and five
manuscripts dealt with the numerical simulation results.
The experimental investigation being reported by Bhar-
athiPriya and Gopalakrishnan has focussed mainly on
mechanically characterising the semi-active vibration
control device, magnetorheological (MR) damper with
varying strokes. The practicing design engineers will have
significant interest in the parameters derived for the MR
dampers to be applied in the Bouc-Wen model when used
in the earthquake resistant design of newly constructed
structures.
An appraisal of the overstrength and ductility factors in
the steel moment resisting frame (SMRF) is deemed nec-
essary in the Indian standard (IS) 1893 (Part 1): Criteria for
Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures. Accordingly,
Rao and Gupta studied the effects of the seismic zone
factor (Z) and storey height on the response reduction
factor (R) for building systems based on the variations in
the overstrength factor and ductility reduction factor.
Several buildings designed in accordance with the IS codes
experienced damage during the Bhuj earthquake in 2001,
attributed to deficient construction practices. These dam-
aged buildings demanded suitable retrofitting and rehabil-
itation techniques to improve their seismic performance
while ascertaining them being code-compliant. By devel-
oping site-specific synthetic digital earthquake ground
motion records, Kamatchi et al. discussed the performance
of the RC buildings at Ahmadabad in Gujarat when passive
control devices, viscoelastic dampers, are fitted.
Seismic vibration response of structures is reduced by
employing dynamic response control devices, which has
been dealt with in the next three research articles. The
seismic performance of the RC structures is improved by
using the X-plate metallic dampers made of steel and
aluminium materials. Manchalwar and Bakre presented
optimisation achieved through Genetic Algorithm (GA),
how these dampers can be spatially placed in a structure to
minimise the cost without hampering the effectiveness in
seismic response reduction. Furthermore, the damage
induced in the building frames under the earthquakes may
also be reduced alternatively by using friction dampers.
Nevertheless, studying the nonlinear seismic response of
the moment resisting frame (MRF) equipped with the
friction damper is important in the performance-based
seismic design (PBSD) philosophy, which has been
reported by Banerjee and Patro. They related the structural
damage imparted due to the earthquakes especially to the
dynamic properties of the damper. Finally, by using the
advanced tuned liquid damper (TLD) with sloped bottom,
enhanced seismic response mitigation in the buildings can
be achieved. Patil and Singh presented in their article that if
the tuning of frequencies of the TLD and the structure
installed with it is achieved then the seismic response could
be reduced up to about 60%.
Thus, it is evident that these six research papers have
contributed significantly in advancing the state-of-the-art
knowledge in earthquake engineering and structural
dynamics. We are delighted, therefore, that the broader
J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A
123
aspects of their contributions reported in these research
articles will be beneficial to the wider spectrum of readers
in the construction industry and stakeholders such as, the
planners, developers, architects, structural designers as
well as policymakers and local authorities. The impact of
intimate scholarly deliberations during the SEC2014 are
now being realised through publication of this Special
Issue on Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics
in the Journal of The Institution of Engineers (India):
Series-A.
Acknowledgements As Organising Secretary of the SEC2014 and
the Guest Editor for the Special Issue on Earthquake Engineering and
Structural Dynamics, I offer my sincere gratitude to the invaluable
support extended by the Editor-in-Chief, Professor Sriman K. Bhat-
tacharyya, the Associate Editor, Professor Subrata Chakraborty, and
Dr. Surojit Ghosh, the Assistant Director (Technical) of the Journal of
The Institution of Engineers (India): Series-A. Their meticulous
efforts have helped tremendously in identifying quality papers in
association with the SEC2014 Committee, conducting the peer-re-
view, revising, and publishing in this Special Issue in a timely
manner. The distinguished researchers who have scrupulously
reviewed all the papers and provided constructive comments for
improving quality of the technical presentation are gratefully
acknowledged.
Dr. Vasant Matsagar is currently serving as an Associate Professor
in the Department of Civil Engineering at Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Delhi. He obtained his doctorate degree from IIT
Bombay in 2005 in the area of earthquake engineering for his PhD
Thesis titled ‘‘Earthquake Behaviour and Impact Response Control of
Base-Isolated Buildings’’ from which he is awarded with the ‘‘IIT
Bombay Research Paper Award’’. He performed post-doctoral
research at the Lawrence Technological University (LTU), Michigan
in USA in the area of carbon fibre reinforced polymers (CFRP) in
bridge structures for more than three years. His current research
interests include structural dynamics and vibration control; multi-
hazard protection of structures from earthquake, blast, fire, and wind;
finite element methods; fibre reinforced polymers (FRP) in pre-
stressed concrete structures; and bridge engineering. Dr. Matsagar has
guided several students at both undergraduate (UG) and postgraduate
(PG) levels in their bachelors and masters projects as well as in
doctoral and post-doctoral research. Besides student guidance, he is
actively engaged in conducting sponsored research and consultancy
projects at the national and international levels. He has published
around sixty international journal papers, hundreds of international
conference manuscripts, a book, two book chapters, six edited
proceedings, and has filed for two patents. He is also involved in
teaching courses in structural engineering, e.g. structural dynamics,
earthquake engineering, blast resistant design of structures, finite
element methods, numerical methods, structural stability, structural
analysis, design of steel, reinforced and prestressed concrete struc-
tures, to name a few. Apart from organising the Structural Engineer-
ing Convention (SEC2014) at IIT Delhi, he has organised several
short- and long-term courses as quality improvement programme
(QIP) and continuing education programme (CEP), and delivered
invited lectures in different educational and research organisations.
Dr. Matsagar is the recipient of numerous national and international
awards including ‘‘Erasmus Mundus Award’’; ‘‘DST Young Scientist
Award’’ by the Department of Science and Technology (DST);
‘‘DAAD Award’’ by the Deutscher Akademischer Austausch Dienst
(DAAD); ‘‘DAE Young Scientist Award’’ by the Department of
Atomic Energy (DAE); ‘‘IBC Award for Excellence in Built
Environment’’ by the Indian Buildings Congress (IBC); ‘‘IEI Young
Engineer Award’’ by the Institution of Engineers (India); and
‘‘Outstanding Young Faculty Fellowship’’ by the Indian Institute of
Technology (IIT) Delhi. He has also been appointed as ‘‘DAAD
Research Ambassador’’ by the German Academic Exchange Pro-
gramme since 2010. He is currently serving on the National Building
Code (NBC) development committees in the Bureau of Indian
Standards (BIS).
J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A
123
