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Editorial
Priyavrat Thareja*
It is indeed a pleasure to place this issue of
volume 3 in your hands. The issue is though
slightly delayed, but since it should always have
allowed sufficient leverage for authors to be
able to place in their work, what they wanted
to present, in their best perspective, the delay
had to be excused. All in all, this issue presents
6 readings widely dispersed in subject
coverage. A review on EDM and some research
articles, one using Taguchi technique, and the
performance ambience of personnel. That is,
in this issue, articles span across papers on
vibration in planetary gear systems, quality
management, environmental quality,
manufacturing properties, and even research
directions for future manufacturing.
The article by Prof. Shalom Akhai, Dr. Siby John,
and Dr. V.P. Singh is placed first, because of its
common relevance in special people. I
concurrently mean special relevance in
common people because every one of us is
special from the angle of safety and health.
There is a sure need to support the SHEQ
(Safety, Health, Environment, and Quality) in
our lives, conduct, processes, and design
before we think of a quality living. Control of
the environment is one such prerequisite for all
of us. Akhai’s article on “Human Performance
in Industrial Design Centers with Small Unit Air
Conditioning Systems” attempts to evaluate
the operators’ performance in industrial design
centers where small units of air conditioning
systems are continually deployed, perhaps for
improvement of their productivity? Wrong!
The work of Akhai et al. reports the
environmental conditions that do not generally
sustain upto the safe levels, as that
recommended from ASHREE standards, in the
design offices. Given that the levels of CO2
generated in indoor spaces, which inhabit
man, affect the mental abilities of human
occupants, and their workers’ performance
gets deteriorated with time. Thus the levels,
which got influenced with changing
occupancy, time and space, need to govern
the paradigm of cooling unit designing, and
not the hitherto objective of heat withdrawal
practiced in most assignments. This also
reminds that the concept of “human quality”
in terms of living standards must follow later
than the health, which precedes environment
also, reiterating Thareja’s paradigm of SHEQ,
developed over the years since 1996. This
article complements raising up the
importance of environment upto the “safety
of people” as a prime consideration.
Building experimentation through the use of
Taguchi technique, Akhai et al. investigate the
performance quality of air in industrial
buildings that widens the scope for future
designing of indoor cooling.
The second article also considers the effect of
tempering of AISI-4130 steels as per
environment (tempering temperatures at
620°C, 640°C and 660°C), which had earlier
been heat-treated inside a continuous pusher
furnace at a temperature of 870ºC.
*Dean, Faculty of Engineering & Technology, GNA University, Hargobindgarh, Phagwara, Punjab.
E-mail Id: prof.pthareja@gmail.com
Web Page: http://thareja.com
Editorial J. Adv. Res. Prod. Ind. Eng. 2016; 3(2)
2
The article on “Tempering Process
Investigation on Heat-Treated AISI-4130” steel
by Dr. Dharmvir Uppal reports of a process
objective to achieve higher mechanical
properties, say toughness, which is defined as
the amount of energy per unit volume that a
material can absorb before rupturing. Being
the ability of a material to absorb energy and
plastically deform without fracturing, it
increases the reliability of material. The article
has thus relevance to the material users-the
manufacturing engineers-in terms of increasing
the susceptibility to failures through shock
loading.
In a perturbed situation, researcher Dr. Majid
Mehrabi makes “Experimental Investigation of
Parameters Affecting Natural Frequencies of
Planetary Gear Systems,” to study the
sensitivity of the natural frequencies to system
parameters. He selects a three planer degree
of freedom model for planets, sun, ring, and
carrier, for considering a cyclically symmetric
(tuned) planetary gear system at well-defined
modal properties considering time-invariant
and linear conditions. The analysis of studies of
the variation of acceleration versus RPM, or
variation of RMS versus frequency in perturbed
situation compared with unperturbed
situation, etc., are reported while considering
“effect of mass and bearing stiffness,” or effect
of mass and moment of inertia. The results are
identified for the parameters affecting the
natural frequencies of a single-stage cyclic
symmetry planetary gear system with four
planets. Graphic reports for two different
conditions are done for (i) variable mass and
variable stiffness, and (ii) variable mass and
constant stiffness.
With this issue, we continue with the thrust to
investigate the advance of manufacturing
competencies with an attempt for a possible
peep into the future progressing along an
optimistic route through the first issue of this
Journal. This 4th part of the series titled
“Directions in Production Engineering
Research” is hereby being concluded by me
(Prof. Priyavrat Thareja), as the author of the
series. But we will possibly continue with good
work of such investigations.
The earlier parts of the series were published
through 2014 (1st part), 2015 (2nd and 3rd parts)
and the 4th part now in 2016. Through this
work, the system of manufacturing has been
evaluated longitudinally and also hierarchically.
Here, we discuss across the technologies of
networking, duly integrating in IT (information
technology) era, which has hitherto advanced
to the stage of integrating (Internet of Things).
We consider how in the manufacturing
parlance, the Internet of Things has already
advanced to the ability of integrating industrial
equipment (a paradigm of Industrial Internet of
Things (IIOT)), as the manufacturers’
technological ability has advanced to the stage
of perfect integration of soft and hard tools
called wetware. By a considered model, it is
investigated in this part as to how technology
has advanced to systemically target the
ambition by graduating technological
competencies. The need for managing eco/
economic sustainability always needs to be
kept in mind, and toward this objective, the
roles of innovation and action have been
evaluated as built into a model adapted on the
triad principal slowly adapted and thematically
advanced beyond what was proposed by Dr.
B.L. Joiner. The entire scenario had been seen
to constitute of nine interrelated imperatives,
which formed the theme of building the
conceptual proposal of this concluding part. I
would welcome any discussion on the series or
the imperatives of manufacturing in the so-
called Industry 4.0 era, which will be fully
operational by say 2035-2039, as anticipated
J. Adv. Res. Prod. Ind. Eng. 2016; 3(2) Editorial
3
by expert watchers of manufacturing
competency explorations.
The manufacturing industry is subject to the
richness of processes approach, which lies at
the base of deployment of ISO 9000
standardization. In a case study of 4
manufacturing SMEs, Shubhanshu Maheshwari
and Ashish Choudhary in their article titled,
“Quality Management (ISO 9000) of 4 Food and
Construction Material SMEs at Indore-A Case
Study,” investigate whether or how the
industry gets impacted. By investigating various
attributes of these surveyed units, they
conclude that indulgence in standardization or
quality management improves producibility
and quality.
Another specific manufacturing technology,
used for development of cavities, say, by
erosion-called “Electro Discharge Machining”
has been reviewed by Mr. Bhupender Singh,
Mr. Sanjay Kumar, and Mr. Shrawan Kumar.
The article titled “Electric Discharge Machining
and Its Parameters: A Review,” reviews the
parameters, viz., electrical parameters, non-
electrical parameters, tool electrode base
parameters and powder base parameters,
applicable to EDM or whatever its types like
(WEDM, Die Sinking EDM, PMEDM, and Dry
EDM).
The issues with all the above articles
demonstrate the pathway that may be
positioned as to how to review the component
of literature survey in a build of any article. It is
further required to learn how further
investigations may be conducted using an
advanced technique including the rigorous
parametric analysis. This can not though
double up with the thematic visualization of an
advanced manufacturing scenario, while
meeting both aspects of ambition with current
capabilities through a systemic approach is
usually called for. It also indicates not to take
the comforting situations in research which are
taken for granted. A great challenging of status
quo is invariably a stepping stone for new
directions or technologies.
Extrapolating the same thinking, and the
impetus of challenging status quo, the
manufacturing technologies are poised for a
breakthrough in the IIOT era, which have been
investigated and extrapolated over scientific
modeling. The technology has since been
pulled to roads and into the air, with a keen
demand form, say transport sector [1]. It was
earlier paradigmed by me that the ambitions
need not be curbed, and that must in turn be
chased by improving capabilities [2]. It is this
capability versus ambitions balance that leads
to the transformation in manufacturing
technologies. The road map is built in the
acronym AUM, evolved through Awareness,
Utilisation and Metamorphosis, investigated in
previous works. This issue has attempted to
build Awareness. The reading, and your allied
initiatives, will prompt effective utilization of
concepts/ technologies [3]. But what needs to
be initiated is Metamorphosis. It is indeed
necessary for improving sustainability in
addition [4]. The process has begun. Probably,
it will be materialized before 2039 as indicated
above.
It will be the Journal’s endeavour to continue
with our thrust on exploring the paradigms of
advancing manufacturing technology further in
each advancing issue. Your support and
contributions are continually welcome. Both
that ensure an uninterrupted readership, and
also by way of contributions with your elite and
well written research for a worthy
documentation space!
Amen!
Editorial J. Adv. Res. Prod. Ind. Eng. 2016; 3(2)
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References
[1] Thareja P. SHEQ to shake the car
development for tomorrow-Part I. Trends
in Mechanical Engineering & Technology
2015; 5(1): 6-19.
[2] Thareja P. SHEQ to shake the car
development for tomorrow-Part II.
Trends in Mechanical Engineering &
Technology 2016; 6(1): 79-95.
[3] Thareja P. Alignment to the bull: A total
quality organization thru’ people-Part 35.
Journal of Progressive Metal Casters
2011; 23(4).
[4] Thareja P. Manufacturing ordeal and
challenges to energy-environment-
society infrastructure. Journal of
Education in Engineering and Technology
Jan-Jun 2007; 1(1).