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New Estonian records and amendments: Lichenized fungi

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Ede Oja
Ede Oja
Ede Oja
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Julia V. Gerasimova at Senckenberg Research Institute
Julia V. Gerasimova
Ave Suija at University of Tartu
Ave Suija
Piret Lõhmus at University of Tartu
Piret Lõhmus
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Abstract and Figures

Ten lichenized fungi are reported as new to Estonia: Atla wheldonii, Bacidia coprodes, Bacidina assulata, Bacidina brandii, Candelariella lutella, Gyalidea fritzei, Piccolia ochrophora, Protoparmelia oleagina, Sclerophora amabilis and Strangospora deplanata. One lichenized fungus, Leptogium subtile, has been reported from Estonia earlier, but all the specimens of this species in the herbarium of University of Tartu appeared to be misidentifications; currently the species has one certain locality in Estonia.
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Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 53: 123–126 (2016)
http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/fce.2016.53.14
New Estonian records and
amendments: Lichenized fungi
Ede Oja1, Julia Gerasimova2, Ave Suija1,
Piret Lõhmus1 & Tiina Randlane1
1Department of Botany, Institute of Ecology and Earth
Sciences, University of Tartu, Lai St. 40, 51005 Tartu,
Estonia; E-mail: ede.oja@ut.ee, ave.suija@ut.ee, piret.
lohmus@ut.ee, tiina.randlane@ut.ee
2Department of Lichenology and Bryology, Komarov
Botanical Institute RAS, Prof. Popov St. 2, 197376 St.
Petersburg, Russia; E-mail: jgerasimova@binran.ru
Ten lichenized fungi are reported as new to Es-
tonia: Atla wheldonii, Bacidia coprodes, Bacidina
assulata, Bacidina brandii, Candelariella lutella,
Gyalidea fritzei, Piccolia ochrophora, Protoparme-
lia oleagina, Sclerophora amabilis and Strango-
spora deplanata. One lichenized fungus, Lep-
togium subtile, has been reported from Estonia
earlier, but all the specimens of this species in
the herbarium of University of Tartu appeared to
be misidentications; currently the species has
one certain locality in Estonia. The abbreviations
are used as follows: (1) for the country regions:
NE – northeastern part, SE – southeastern part,
SW – southwestern part, WIs – western islands;
(2) for frequency classes (Freq.): rr – very rare
(1–2 localities), st fq – rather frequent (11–20
localities), according to Randlane & Saag (1999).
Cited specimens are kept in the lichenological
herbarium of the University of Tartu Natural
History Museum and Botanic Garden (TU).
AtlA wheldonii (Travis) Savić & Tibell – WIs:
Saare Co., Lääne-Saare comm., Eeriksaare
peninsula (58.3372°N 21.8872°E), on open alvar
grassland, on soil. Leg. E. Oja 22 June 2015, det.
E. Oja 2016 (TU79534). Freq.: rr. – The species
has probably more localities in Estonian open
alvar grasslands, but is due to its small size
overlooked. It is a crustose lichen with spherical
perithecia that are immersed in the basic soil
(Savić & Tibell, 2008).
BAcidiA coprodes (Körb.) Lettau – WIs: Lääne Co.,
Vormsi island, Huitberg (59.00°N 23.18333°E),
on limestone. Leg. R. Allmäe (coll. no. 88) July
1987, det. J. Gerasimova 2015, previously de-
termined as Mycobilimbia sabuletorum and later
tentatively as Bacidia trachona (TU40307). Freq.:
rr. – This saxicolous species is a member of the
Bacidia coprodes group. It is closely related to
Bacidia notarisiana and B. granosa, but differs
in the hypothecium color, which is concolorous
or darker than the surrounding proper exciple
(Ekman, 2014).
BAcidinA AssulAtA (Körb.) Vězda – NE: Jõgeva Co.,
Kursi forestry, close to Puurmani (58.58333°N
26.28333°E), on Populus tremula. Leg. A.-L.
Sõmermaa 17 June 1966, det. J. Gerasimova
2015, previously determined as B. phacodes
(TU3597); Lääne-Viru Co., Haljala comm.,
Selja jõe Landscape Reserve (59.52083°N
26.33083°E), Aegopodium boreo-nemoral for -
est site type, on snag, Leg. E. Leppik, L. Mar-
mor, T. Tõrra 19 May 2009, det. J. Gerasimova
2015, previously determined as B. phacodes
(TU66023). Freq.: rr. – B. assulata is very similar
to B. phacodes, but differs mainly by granular
thallus, at least partly dissolving into goniocysts,
darker apothecia, and curved and non-septate
conidia (Ekman, 1996).
BAcidinA BrAndii (Coppins & van den Boom)
M. Hauck & V. Wirth – NE: Järva Co., Väätsa
comm., Lõõla (58.925°N 25.40°E), on Ulmus
glabra. Leg. M. Nõmm 7 Aug 2004, det. J.
Gerasimova 2015, previously determined as B.
arnoldiana (TU30126); SE: Tartu Co., Järvselja,
Järvselja nature protection area (58.26667°N
27.30°E), on windthrow. Leg. T. Randlane 7
June 2002, det J. Gerasimova 2015 (TU20006).
Freq.: rr. – B. brandii is characterized by having
a dark brown hypothecium which resembles
B. arnoldiana, B. egenula and B. sulphurella,
but differs in its effuse, thin to areolate, never
sorediose thallus and pale apothecia.
cAndelAriellA lutellA (Vain.) Räsänen – SW:
Viljandi Co., Nässu study plot (58.590219°N
25.247284°E), 6 Oct 2015; SE: Põlva Co.,
Maltsi study plot (58.179391°N 27.405358°E),
30 Sept 2015; Mooste study plot (58.118563°N
27.207182°E), 1 Oct 2015; Tartu Co., Hannu
study plot (58.27712°N 26.663795°E), 18
Sept 2015; Laaska study plot (58.32633°N
26.555539°E), 15 Sept 2015; Mägra study plot
(58.501008°N 26.906524°E), 17 Sept 2015;
Pikste study plot (58.503908°N 26.837119°E),
17 Sept 2015; Põhja study plot (58.189381°N
26.301397°E), 23 Sept 2015; Sikka study plot
(58.231747°N 27.313199°E), 30 Sept 2015;
Valga Co., Kauru study plot (57.970928°N
124 Folia Cryptog. Estonica
26.494761°E), 2 Oct 2015; Orandu study plot
(57.752289°N 26.255128°E), 24 Sept 2015;
Reku study plot (57.874772°N 26.104393°E),
23 Sept 2015; Uniküla study plot (57.906173°N
26.104515°E), 23 Sept 2015. All specimens
were collected from midterm (14- to 15-year
old) plantations of Populus × wettsteinii (Tullus
et al. 2015), on the bark of hybrid aspen (except
one specimen from Laaska which grew on small
branches of Betula pendula); the samples were
collected and identied by T. Randlane (collec-
tion date added to each locality), and are kept
in TU. Freq.: st fq. – Candelariella lutella is
characterised by small apothecia (d = 0.15–0.4
mm) and by minute areoles forming very small
yellow patches typically at the base of small
twigs or along cracks in the bark; asci are 24- to
32-spored (Westberg 2007); the species is prob-
ably not rare in Estonia but has been overlooked
due to its very small size (Fig. 1).
ascospores, but growing on dry limestone rocks
is G. lecideopsis, which differs by having smaller
ascospores, (17–)22–30(–36) × 10–12(–15) µm
(Gilbert et al., 2009). The measurements of as-
copores of our specimen are 25–40 × 11–12 µm.
leptogium suBtile (Schrad.) Torss. – SE: Põlva
Co., Vastse-Kuuste comm., Kiidjärve, Pimme-
laan (58.17069°N 27.00009°E), on bark of de-
ciduous tree. Leg. A. Saag 8 Sept 2016, det. E.
Oja 2016 (TU79551). Freq.: rr. – All specimens
from Estonia which were previously identied
as L. subtile have been reidentied as Leptogium
imbricatum (TU25964, TU25965, TU25967) or as
L. pulvinatum (TU25961, TU25962, TU25963,
TU42609). Leptogium subtile has numerous
globular, sheye-like apothecia and the lobes
are stellately arranged around them, the species
grows on rotting bark or plant debris (Jørgensen,
2007; Fig. 2).
Fig. 1. Candelariella lutella (light yellow apothe-
cia and areoles in the centre) on hybrid aspen
in Estonia, Maltsi study plot (58.179391°N
27.405358°E); head of the matchstick (red g-
ure on the right) was used as a size scale. Photo
Andres Saag.
gyAlideA fritzei (Stein) Vězda – NE: Lääne-Viru
Co., Tamsalu comm., Porkuni Landscape Re-
serve, Porkuni limestone outcrop, on vertical
wall (59.18722°E 26.18731°E). Leg. A. Suija & J.
Liira 8 April 2015, det. A. Suija 2016 (TU78894).
Freq.: rr. – Gyalidea fritzei is a species of ba-
sic, siliceous rocks and pebbles in somewhat
moist situations (Gilbert et al., 2009; Thüs &
Schulz, 2009). Similar species with muriform
Fig. 2. Leptogium subtile (sheye-like apothecia
and stellately arranged lobes) on the bark of
deciduous tree (TU79551). Photo Ede Oja.
piccoliA ochrophorA (Nyl.) Hafellner – SE:
Tartu Co., Nõo comm., Nõgiaru (58.32729°N
26.55411°E), plantation of Populus × wettsteinii,
on bark of hybrid aspen stumps. Leg. E. Oja Sept
2016, det. E. Oja 2016 (TU79535-TU79540).
Freq.: rr. – The species has characteristic pale
ochre to deep orange-red apothecia with orange
pruina, and multispored asci with globose as-
cospores (Aptroot, 2009; Fig. 3).
protopArmeliA oleAginA (Harm.) Coppins – WIs:
Saare Co., Muhu comm., Paenase (58.64118°N
23.15386°E), on open alvar grassland, on bark of
125
Juniperus communis. Leg. E. Oja 11 June 2016,
det. E. Oja 2016 (TU79533). Freq.: rr. – The spe-
cies is epiphytic and has characteristic isidioid
thallus (Coppins & Chambers, 2009).
sclerophorA AmABilis (Tibell) Tibell – SW: Pärnu
Co., Saarde comm., Mustla, Sanga Nature Re-
serve (58.1224°N 25.0914°E), boreo-nemoral
forest (120 yr old), snag of aspen, on well de-
cayed wood. Leg. P. Lõhmus 18 August 2014,
det. P. Lõhmus 2015 (TU79552). Freq.: rr. – The
species is characterised by small globose spores
(4–5 µm) (Tibell, 1999).
strAngosporA deplAnAtA (Almq.) Clauzade &
Cl. Roux – SE: Tartu Co., Nõo comm., Nõ-
giaru (58.32729°N 26.55411°E), plantation of
Populus × wettsteinii, on bark of hybrid aspen
stumps. Leg. E. Oja Sept 2016, det. E. Oja 2016
(TU79541–TU79546). Freq.: rr. – The species has
multispored asci with globose ascospores and
it differs from S. moriformis by having sessile
to stalked pycnidia with globose conidia, and
from S. pinicola by darker apothecia (James et
al., 2009; Fig. 4).
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The study has been nanced by the Estonian
Environmental Investment Centre (EIC) through
the projects: no 1634 “Alvar grassland restora-
tion effects on biodiversity” and no 12076 “The
management and environmental impact of the
second generation hybrid aspen plantations”;
State Forest Management Centre through the
project “Smart biodiversity conservation in Es-
tonian natural and managed forests: ecoinfor-
matical solutions in a case-study in southern
Estonia” to Meelis Pärtel; Estonian Research
Council through the projects IUT 20-30, IUT 21-
4, IUT 34-7 and PUT 1017; and European Union
through the European Regional Development
Fund to the Centre of Excellence EcolChange.
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C. W., Aptroot, A., Coppins, B. J., Fletcher, A.,
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Coppins, B. J. & Chambers, S. P. 2009. Protoparmelia
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Fig. 4. Strangospora deplanata (dark apothecia
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stump (TU79543). Photo Ede Oja.
Fig. 3. Piccolia ochrophora (orange-red apothecia
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... The majority of them were common taxa frequently recorded in Estonia, with the exception of Arthonia patellulata, Athallia cerinella, Diplotomma pharcidium, and Leptorhaphis tremulae, which are known in less than 10 localities in Estonia to date (Table 2). One species, Candelariella lutella, was recorded for the first time nationally in 13 separate study plots of this research (Oja et al. 2016). The number of lichenized taxa in study plots varied from 14 to 32, and the mean number of lichen species per plot was 25. ...
... The majority of both lichens and bryophytes recorded in studied plantations were common species (Tables 2 and 3). Although one lichenized fungus, Candelariella lutella, was recorded for the first time nationally, it is probably not rare in Estonia but has been overlooked due to its very small size (Oja et al. 2016). In general, aspen epiphytes include only a small number of specialist lichen species (e.g., Arthonia patellulata and Lecanora populicola), which are known only from aspen, in addition to numerous common species associated with more nutrient-rich bark conditions (Lewis and Ellis 2010). ...
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  • Mar 2015
  • CAN J FOREST RES
Short-rotation forest plantations with hybrid aspen on abandoned agricultural land are a novel use of land in eastern and northern Europe; however, to date, their impact on floristic diversity has not been thoroughly studied. Our aim is to determine the kind of vascular plant and bryophyte (including epiphytes) species that benefit from such plantations. Data on understorey and soil humus layer properties were collected as part of the repeated monitoring of 204 permanent vegetation plots in twenty-four 13- to 14-year old commercial hybrid aspen plantations in boreonemoral Estonia. Data analysis indicated that the understorey of midterm hybrid aspen plantations is formed of species with different ecological requirements, ranging from typical fallow species to shade-tolerant forest species. Midterm plantations were dominated by common grassland species; however, occasionally less frequent and protected grassland species were also found. No rare species of epigeic or epiphytic bryophytes were recorded. Overall, a slow succession towards a shade-tolerant understorey was observed when comparing midterm and young plantations, with the occurrence of forest species in negative correlation with the amount of canopytransmitted total solar radiation. The number of species characteristic of forests growing on similar soil types was low. Further studies will clarify how close the habitat in such intensively managed plantations on abandoned agricultural lands can approach that of natural forests in hemiboreal conditions.
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Atla, a new genus in the Verrucariaceae (Verrucariales)
Article
Full-text available
  • Jul 2008
  • LICHENOLOGIST
The new genus Atla forms a well-supported clade in a molecular phylogeny based on the ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 and LSU regions of the nuclear ribosomal DNA. The genus has a crustose thallus, a hamathecium at maturity without hyphal elements except for pseudoparaphyses remaining at the ostiolum, and large, muriform spores. Atla wheldonii was previously referred to Polyblastia. Three new species, A. alpina (the type of the new genus), A. palicei and A. praetermissa, are included in the genus and described here as new to science. They were found on calcareous rocks and soil in Northern Scandinavia; A. alpina also occurs in Central Europe, and A. wheldonii likewise in Central Europe, the Pyrenées and in the British Isles. An identification key to the species and a revision of the genus are also provided.(Accepted April 06 2008)
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Calicioid lichens and fungi
Article
  • Aug 2003
  • J HATTORI BOT LAB
A survey of the calicioid lichens and fungi of Japan based on collections made by G. Thor during 1994 to 1999, and additional herbarium material is given. Bunodophoron and Sphaerophorus are not revised, but included by summarizing literature reports. 50 species are accepted as recorded from Japan, most of them restricted to old-growth, humid, boreal to temperate coniferous forests. The genus Sclerophora is reported from Japan for the first time. One species, Calicium muriformis, is described as new, and 23 species are reported as new to Japan: Calicium chlorosporum, C. salicinum, Chaenotheca chlorella, C. trichialis, Chaenothecopsis asperopoda, C. brevipes, C. consociata, C. debilis, C. irregularis, C. nana, C. pusiola, C. rubescens, C. sanguinea, C. viridireagens, Mycocalicium albonigrum, Phaeocalicium compressulum, Sclerophora amabilis, S. coniophaea, S. nivea, Sphinctrina leucopoda, S. turbinata, Stenocybe pullatula, and S. septata. Calicium japonicum and C. nipponense are taxonomic synonyms of C. chlorosporum, Calicium subquercinum f. dispersum of C. lenticulare, Mycocalicium japonicum of Sphinctrina tubaeformis, and Pyrgillus boninensis of P. javanicus. Lectotypes for Calicium japonicum, C. subquercinum, C. subquercinum f. dispersum, and Mycocalicium japonicum have been designated. Three earlier reported species, Calicium viride, Chaenotheca gracilenta and Stenocybe major, are excluded from the Japanese lichen flora since the reports were based on misidentifications. Most of the species are antitropical or have a Northern Hemispere temperate distribution. All species of calicioid lichens and fungi previously reported from Japan are included and references to earlier publications are provided. Keys to the taxa are presented, and short descriptions, diagnostic features, and notes on distributions are included.
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Candelariella (Candelariaceae) in western United States and northern Mexico: The polysporous species
Article
  • May 2009
Six species of Candelariella with polysporous asci are recognized from western North America. The species are: C. borealis sp. nov., C. efflorescens, C. lutella, C. placodizans, C. vitellina and C. xanthostigma. Candelariella vitellina is lectotypified. A key to the polysporous species in western North America is provided and their distribution in the study area is mapped.
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