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Moluscos marinos Reserva de la Biosfera Península de Guanahacabibes
Abstract and Figures
Con el presente libro, de corte científico divulgativo, nos proponemos hacer una síntesis de toda la información científica disponible sobre los moluscos marinos de la península de Guanahacabibes, con la necesaria actualización taxonómica y el completamiento de las listas de especies, llevadas en esta ocasión hasta un total de 1000, sin pretender que este inventario sea todavía concluyente.
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... Tanto por su elevada diversidad de especies, como por su potencial de endémicos locales, proponen a los moluscos como indicadores de la biodiversidad marina, para poder evaluar y comparar las áreas protegidas de forma rápida y con bajo costo. Lamentablemente, en Cuba, solo la Reserva de la Biosfera Península de Guanahacabibes cuenta con un inventario de moluscos marinos adecuado para estos fines, con más de 1 000 especies citadas y 19 endémicos locales (Espinosa et al., 2012;Espinosa y Ortea, 2018a;Fernández-Garcés et al., 2019). ...
... La literatura utilizada para las identificaciones taxonómicas es muy extensa, por lo que solo se citan algunos de los trabajos más importantes consultados: Abbot (1974), Vokes y Vokes (1983), Espinosa et al. (2012) y Redfern (2013). ...
... De las áreas protegidas de Cuba, solo han sido publicadas listas de especies de moluscos marinos del PN Jardines de la Reina (Ibarzabal et al., 1999) y de la Reserva de la Biosfera Península de Guanahacabibes (Espinosa et al., 2005(Espinosa et al., , 2012. También disponemos de inventarios inéditos de los moluscos marinos del PN Alejandro de Humboldt y de la Reserva Ecológica Maisí-Caleta, en Guantánamo, pero que por considerarlos aún incompletos no hemos decidido publicarlos. ...
The results of the faunistic study of the marine mollusks of the Caguanes National Park are presented, including 95 species (69 gastropods, 25 bivalves and one scaphopod) of which 85,3% is mega mollusks and 14,7% is micro mollusks. According to their trophic habits, 32 species are herbivores, 29 carnivores, 25 filter feeders and eighth parasites. This illustrated catalogue is a basic guide for future marine studies in this protected area.
... Bivalve shells with no breaks were selected for the analyses. The species were identified using Warmke and Abbott (1962), Abbott (1974), Espinosa et al. (2012) and Taylor and Glover (2016). The names of the taxa were actualised using WoRMS (2022). ...
... Few species are found in rocky bottoms attached to rocks via the byssus (i.e. B. exustus and species of Barbatia), perforating (Botula fusca), or cementing one of the valves to the rocks (species of Chama) (Espinosa et al., 2012). ...
Drilling predation plays an important role in the evolution and diversification of organisms, and is one of the most studied biotic interactions in fossil and modern records. Marks of drilling predation on mollusc shells are proof of food activity and the selective pressure of one taxon on another. In this study, we explore drilling predation on preserved bivalve death assemblages (thanatocoenosis) at Playa Guardalavaca, Cuba. We characterize the taxonomic composition, relative abundance and incidence of drilling. Furthermore, geometric morphometric tools were used to test whether there was a preference for any particular form of shell. Forty-eight species were identified, and a little less than half (21) showed drilling predation marks. The families with the highest species richness were Lucinidae and Tellinidae, with 11 species each. A total of 1,726 valves were quantified, estimating an abundance of 863 specimens. 190 valves showed drilling marks (22% of the
abundance). The most abundant species were Lucina sp. (464 shells), Divalinga quadrisulcata (328), Americardia media (242), Ctena imbricatula (156), and Chione spp. (117). However, the most predated species were Epicodakia sp. (100%), Acorylus gouldii (56%), and Eurytellina sp. (44%). The highest predation rate occurs on small and medium-sized valves (≤ 7 mm); however, according to the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test, this result is only statistically significative in Lucina sp. (p < 0.001). The morphometric analysis showed predation preferences for species with semi-circular rather than elliptical shells. These results elucidate that drilling predation on bivalves is not only determined by the abundance of prey, but also by their external morphology and size, suggesting highly specialised feeding behaviour by predators.
... Geographic distribution. Cuba (Ortea & Templado, 1988;Espinosa, 2012). Mexico: Santiaguillo reef reported as Cyerce antillensis Engel, 1927(Barrera-Correa, 2018. ...
... Cyerce habanensis was originally described by Ortea and Templado (1988), but Valdés et al. (2006) consider it as a synonym of C. antillensis. However, recent scientific investigations (Espinosa, 2012;Caballer et al., 2015) proposed C. habanensis as a valid name and point out that there is not taxonomic discussion that supports C. habanensis being synonymous with C. antillensis. Moreno (2020) carried out a morphological and molecular study with 154 Cyerce specimens, and his results reveal that C. antillensis and C. habanensis are different and sympatric species in the Caribbean. ...
Background:
In the Lobos-Tuxpan Reef System Protected Natural Area (LTRS), Mexico, the presence of sea slugs has been documented in several scientific investigations, but the information is limited, scattered and out of date.
Goals:
To elaborate an updated list of species with new field data and the compilation of species previously reported in the literature for LTRS.
Methods:
Samplings were carried out in the Lobos reef (during November 2014 and 2017), Enmedio reef (September 2016, April 2017, June 2018, July and November 2019) and the Tuxpan reef (June and October 2016, and April 2017). The list of species was complemented with records of species previously reported for LTRS.
Results:
The updated list comprises up to 27 species of sea slugs. The most representative groups are: Order Cephalaspidea with nine species, Aplysiida with seven species and Superorder Sacoglossa with seven species. The distribution of Cyerce habanensis and Elysia cornigera extends to the north of Veracruz and Lobiger souverbii constitutes a new record for the Southwestern Gulf of Mexico Reef Corridor.
Conclusions:
Our study favorably increases the knowledge of sea slugs for the LTRS. This information could support strategies of conservation and protection for the management plans of this protect natural area.
... A large number of papers and books were used to identify the species and, therefore, the most important ones are listed (Warmke & Abbot, 1961;de Jong & Coomans, 1988;Espinosa et al., 2005Espinosa et al., , 2007Espinosa et al., , 2012Espinosa & Ortea, 2021). The species names were updated according to the data base http://www.marinespecies.org ...
... The species of molluscs of this area merely represent 19.5% of the species recorded to Cuba. This richness can be considered low respect to other areas of the archipelago with a well-studied malacofauna such as Santiago de Cuba (500 species; Diez, 2016;Espinosa et al., 2017) and Península de Guanahacabibes (more than 1 000 species; Espinosa et al., 2012). It is necessary to increase the sampling of marine molluscs in eastern Cuba, mainly focused in the poorly known groups (e. g. sea slugs and micromolluscs) and the families with high number of endemic species (Columbellidae, Marginellidae, and Cystiscidae). ...
Recently, several studies on Cuban marine molluscs have been developed. However, it is necessary to conduct studies on their distribution, particularly in the poorly studied eastern coasts. In the present work, we collected and identified marine molluscs from the northeastern coast of Cuba. A checklist with 88 species, which are new records to the area, is presented; 59 species are gastropods, 27 are bivalves and two are chitons. Considering previous studies, 375 species have been recorded from this region. The localities with the higher number of recorded species are Playa Esmeralda-Playa Guardalavaca (232 species, 46 new records) and Bahía de Naranjo (107 species, 17 new records). Further studies have to be conducted in other localities of the area, particularly in coral lagoons and bays, and focused on micromolluscs, sea slugs and families with a high number of local endemics (Columbellidae, Marginellidae, and Cystiscidae).
... Taxonomic classification for all molluscs followed Bouchet et al. (2010) for Bivalvia and Bouchet et al. (2017) for Gastropoda. Molluscs were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level, using multiple sources (Espinosa et al., 2012;Reguero, 2004, 2007;Mikkelsen and Bieler, 2008;Redfern, 2013;Tunnell et al., 2010;Vokes and Vokes, 1983). Species were classified and assigned to their taxonomic class (Bivalvia or Gastropoda), habitat (infaunal or epifaunal) and feeding guilds (suspension feeders, carnivores, deposit consumers or grazers) . ...
... Taxonomic classification largely followed Bouchet et al. (2010) for Bivalvia, and Bouchet et al. (2017) for Gastropoda, though some classifications were updated using Mikkelsen & Bieler (2008), Redfern (2013) and Tunnell et al. (2010). Molluscs were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic level, using multiple sources (García-Cubas, 1981;García-Cubas & Reguero, 2007;Mikkelsen & Bieler, 2008;Tunnell et al., 2010;Espinosa et al., 2012;Redfern, 2013), and photographed. The term specimen generally refers to live-collected animals with soft parts intact. ...
Molluscs are a diverse phylum in coastal lagoons because the numerous taxa collectively display broad ranges of optima and tolerance with respect to ambient conditions. We report on the taxonomic composition, habitat preferences and feeding guilds of molluscs from Río Lagartos coastal lagoon, Mexico. Molluscs were collected in the rainy season (September/October 2017), during the winter ( Nortes ) season (February 2018) and at the end of the warm, dry season (May 2018). Samples were taken using a Ponar dredge, a cylindrical PVC core barrel, or a beach seine. We studied the abiotic characteristics (sediment grain-size distributions, submersed aquatic vegetation abundance and salinity) to explore assemblage differences across the broad salinity gradient that characterizes the system (~30–78 PSU). Molluscs were represented by 39 species, 34 genera, 23 families and two classes. Stenohaline species were more numerous overall than euryhaline species, but their occurrence in samples was low (<20% of the samples). Stenohaline taxa lived primarily in environments characterized by marine salinity, and few were found under hypersaline conditions. We collected a smaller number of species than did studies carried out in the lagoon >35 years ago. Species accumulation curves revealed that the full species richness was not captured in our study. Euhaline environments displayed greater mollusc species richness and had a larger proportion of amount (mass) of submersed aquatic vegetation. In the hypersaline environments, species richness may be favoured by the lower dominance of sands. Suspension feeders were the most diverse group in both the euhaline and hyperhaline environments.
Resumen. Se recopilan los títulos de 670 publicaciones realizadas por el autor a lo largo de 50 años de investigación en el campo de la Biología Marina, 1973-2023. Se ha seguido un orden cronológico y han sido agrupadas en Artículos Científicos (1-600), Libros (601-612) y capítulos en Libros (614-650). No se incluyen los títulos de los resúmenes de sus ponencias en congresos, ni contribuciones menores como prólogos, presentaciones, obituarios, guiones, mapas, etc. Como complemento se recopilan 29 artículos periodísticos del autor (641-661), relatos paralelos a sus expediciones y viajes de cooperación académica. , Summary. The titles of 670 publications made by the author over 50 years of research in the field of Marine Biology, 1973-2023, are compiled. A chronological order has been followed and they have been grouped into Scientific Articles (1-600), Books (601-612) and Chapters in Books (614-650). The titles of the summaries of his presentations at conferences are not included, nor are minor contributions such as prologues, presentations, obituaries, scripts, maps, etc. As a complement, 29 journalistic articles by the author (641-661) are compiled, parallel stories to his expeditions and his academic cooperation trips. Palabras clave. Historia Natural, Publicaciones, Jesús Ortea.
Cuba’s marine malacofauna is currently estimated at 1920 recent species and includes 1472 species of gastropods, 338 bivalves, 43 scaphopods, 37 cephalopods, 29 polyplacophores, and 1 aplacophore. Despite generally very low densities and biomasses, mollusk associations are the most diverse and complex in the coral reefs, with 49 families and 96 species, making mollusks the richest epifauna and cryptofauna in reef ecosystems. An assessment of the mollusk reef communities of the Sabana-Camagüey archipelago carried out in 1994 identified 141 species of macro-mollusks (≥ 4 mm long), including 94 gastropods, 37 bivalves, 9 polyplacophores, and 1 scaphopod. The dominant species were the gastropods Cerithium litteratum and Columbella mercatoria. The number of species and abundance of mollusks associated with the coral reefs of the Sabana-Camagüey archipelago were higher than those recorded for soft bottom environments. The relatively high diversity of mollusk species in the coral reefs is likely due to the great variety of habitats and microhabitats associated with and created by coral reefs. Notes are included about the diurnal and nocturnal life habits of some of these reef-dwelling mollusks.
The most significant results obtained during 15 years of research (2004–2019), monitoring, and management in the coral reefs of the Guanahacabibes National Park are presented. The most studied zoological groups have been the hard coral and fish communities. Invasive lionfish (Pterois volitans) have been investigated more specifically, due to the negative impact they cause on invertebrates and native fishes. The studies have been carried out using methodologies developed and validated by national and international experts. Monitoring of the Guanahacabibes National Park, Cuba, suggests that management efforts have had provided important protection to coral reefs and fish communities from 2004 to 2019. Management interventions include the banning of fishing and Acropora cervicornis restoration projects. Effects of these interventions include the following: Coral cover was and fish communities remained stable. While declines have been observed, these are attributed to climate change, e.g., coral bleaching from elevated SSTs; additionally the lionfish invasion, which was first observed in 2009, has had a negative impact on reef fish. The positive effect that five lionfish fishing tournaments have had on the control of this invasive species is also documented. The tools, strategies, and regulations established in the management plan related to nature tourism are shown.
This chapter summarizes the history of the scientific knowledge regarding Cuban coral reefs. The work of Antonio Parra, published in 1787, is the first book to refer to species of reef life in Cuba. In the nineteenth century, the works of Alexander von Humboldt, Charles Darwin, Ramón de la Sagra, Felipe Poey, and Rafael Arango are the most prominent, along with the debates on the origins of reefs by William O. Crosby and Alexander Agassiz. During the twentieth century, William M. Davis and William Smith considered the reefs on the southern coasts of Cuba to be the longest in the West Indies. Also in this century, multiple institutions devoted to marine studies emerged and research grew exponentially. The monograph by Zlatarski and Martínez Estalella, published in 1980, demonstrated the variety of the Cuban scleractinian and the presence of intermediate phenotypes of acknowledged species. Information is presented concerning “true” coral barrier reefs in Cuba, the contribution of projects such as AGRRA, the early warning voluntary monitoring in coral reefs, the studies of the mesophotic coral ecosystems, and the economic value of the Cuban coral reefs, with references to the most notable publications in the last 30 years.
It is documented the first record of a diamondback squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus Troschel, 1857 (Mollusca: Cephalopoda) in the coastal waters of Cuba. On February 16, 2007, a dying individual was captured in Playa Larga, northern Coco Cay. It showed a 1, 21 m of full lenght and weighed 14 Kg.
A general review of terrestrial and marine environments of Guanahacabibes’ peninsula (Reserve of the Biosphere), in west of Cuba, is carried out. At the same time, biodiversity data is updated.
RESUMEN Un extraño caracol marino, Globocornus darwini, nueva especie, recolectado en una cueva submarina de Cuba, se describe a partir de una concha completa y varios fragmentos, proponiendo para él una nueva familia y un nuevo género. ABSTRACT A bizarre gastropod species, Globocornus darwini, new species, is described from a shallow-water submarine cave in Cuba as a new family, genus and species, based on a empty shell and additional fragmented shells.
