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Aphyllophoroid fungi of Sverdlovsk region, Russia: biodiverstiy, distribution and the IUCN threat categories
Abstract and Figures
On the basis of 150 years collecting the first check-list of Aphyllophoroid species of Sverdlovsk region (Russia, Ural) which is on the border of Europe and Asia was combined. Altogether 908 species (including Heterobasidioid fungi) are known, 219 of them are reported as new for the entire region. Each record includes literature references, and when available, selected unpublished specimens deposited in herbaria or collected recently, also with IUCN threat categories, type of nature vegetation zone and life strategies are listed. The distribution of each species in the different biogeographical areas of the Sverdlovsk region is summarized, and brief notes are provided for species. Most of the species grow in various kinds of forests (787 species, 86.7%), and Alpine habitats (88 species, 9.7%) of the Ural Mountains. Most rich nature zones are the Southern Boreal (730 species, 79.5%) and Hemiboreal (645 species, 70.3%). The biggest number of species (609 species, 67.1%) belong to the Least Concern (LC) category, followed by the Near Threatened (NT) species (90 species, 9.9%). The four species mentioned as a Regionally Extinct (RE) (Fomitopsis epileucina (Pilat) Gilb. & Ryvarden, Piptoporus quercinus (Schrad.) P. Karst., Spongipellis pachyodon (Pers.) Kotlaba & Pouzar, Tyromyces wynnei (Berk. & Broome) Donk).
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... В Западной Сибири был известен из Свердловской обл. (Shiryaev et al., 2010). ...
... В России отмечен в европейской части, на Кавказе, Урале, в Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке, но встречается довольно редко. В Западной Сибири был известен из Свердловской (Shiryaev et al., 2010) и Тюменской областей, Республики Хакасия (Volobuev et al., 2021). ...
... Ближайшее из известных местонахождений отмечено в Свердловской обл. (Shiryaev et al., 2010). ...
First records of myxomycetes for the Republic of Belarus are presented. For each species, locality, ecology and its distribution are provided. The specimens are kept in the Herbarium of Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE) or the Herbarium of V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany NAS of Belarus (MSK-F).
... Botanical Garden of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, a number of aphyllophoroid fungi were collected on non-native trees [28][29][30][31]. In general, the identified species composition of macrofungi in the greenhouses of these two cities to 2010 was extremely poor. ...
... Non-native species were defined as species untypical of the local mycobiota, whose introduction into a given area was not associated with the natural course of mycogenesis, but resulted from direct or indirect human activity [2]. The main source used to distinguish between native and non-native species was Aphyllophoroid fungi of Sverdlovsk region [31]. The GBIF data on the worldwide distribution of fungal species (www.gbif.org; ...
... Thanatephorus terrigenus is a European species known in Germany, Great Britain, Norway, Sweden (https://www.gbif.org/ru/species/2555158 (accessed on 19 June 2023) and the Urals [31]. ...
It is generally accepted that mycobiota diversity in urban greenhouses is poorer than in natural ecosystems, but our knowledge on this field of research is fragmentary. Here, we present the results of a long-term study of aphyllophoroid macrofungi (Basidiomycota) forming fruitbodies on non-native sub/tropical woody and herbaceous plants in the greenhouses of Saint Petersburg, Moscow, and Ekaterinburg botanical gardens located in the hemiboreal vegetation subzone of Eastern Europe. Over 20 years of research, fruitbodies of 58 species of aphyllophoroid fungi have been identified. Fungal species that developed on the wooden structures of greenhouses and building materials made of local wood are discussed separately. The list of fungi on non-native substrates is dominated by saprobes (93.1% of total list) as well as mycorrhizal with basidiomata on plants (8.6%). Phytopathogens have the lowest number (7.0%), and ¾ of species are widespread locally. Non-native plants are dominated by native fungal species (78.9%), while the percentage of non-native species is low (21.1%). In the three surveyed cities, the area of the studied greenhouses is 2.8 ha, and not a single species of fungi has been found twice on the same substrate. Half of the identified species are characterized by a single specimen (29 species/50.9%). Hymenochaete rheicolor was discovered in Russia for the first time and its known distribution is discussed. Only six (Antrodia gossypium, Hyphodontia arguta, Lyomyces sambuci, Peniophora cinerea, Ramariopsis kunzei, and Trechispora farinacea) local species (10.5%) were collected in all the three cities. The α-diversity of mycobiota (mean number of species per site, Shannon Index, and Menhinick Index) in the Ekaterinburg’s greenhouses is 1.2–3.0 times lower compared to suburban forest parks and old-growth natural forests, while β-diversity (Whittaker Index, Jaccard Index, and Morisita–Horn Index), on the contrary, is 2.1–7.7 times higher. With the plants’ age, the probability of detecting fungi on them increases significantly. In greenhouses, phytopathogenic aphyllophoroid macrofungi are collected on woody plants only, but the probability of their development is not related to the plants’ age.
... и Vitis amurensis Rupr.в 5-7 раз; североамериканских -Acer negundo L. и Fraxinus pennsylvanica Marshallв 4-8 раз; европейских -Quercus robur L. и Acer platanoides L. -в 3-4 раза [Состоя-ние…, 2019;Shiryaev et al., 2022а]. За этот период в Екатеринбурге на чужеродных видах древесных растений появилось не менее 60 новых видов фитопатогенных микромицетов и более 20 видов макромицетов [Shiryaev et al., 2010[Shiryaev et al., , 2021Ширяев и др., 2022;Bulgakov, Shiryaev, 2022]. Для ряда фитопатогенных грибов отмечено расширение круга растенийхозяев по сравнению с естественным ареалом [Shiryaev et al., 2021. ...
... Для ряда фитопатогенных грибов отмечено расширение круга растенийхозяев по сравнению с естественным ареалом [Shiryaev et al., 2021. Однако микобиота ДБР в Свердловской области специально не изучалась, поэтому были известны лишь единичные находки грибов, собранные с местных ДБР [Степанова, Сирко, 1970; Степанова, 1977] и на чужеродной карагане древовидной [Степанова, 1971;Shiryaev et al., 2010]. Своевременное выявление новых грибных фитопатогенов, появившихся в регионе благодаря массовому и неконтролируемому ввозу саженцев, и вызываемых ими болезней растений будет способствовать поддержанию биобезопасности естественных и антропогенных местообитаний Среднего Урала. ...
... В общем списке АГКД число видов пороидных и кортициоидных грибов оказалось схожим (1,0), хотя в естественных лесах Урала кортициоидные в 2 раза преобладают [Степанова, 1971;Shiryaev et al., 2010;Ширяев и др., 2012]. Более того, при снижении площади исследования в некоторых широтнозональных подразделениях трансекты (степь, лесостепь, Екатеринбург) пороидные численно преобладают (см. ...
The biodiversity of wood-destroying fungi on leguminous woody plants (LWP) growing in the Middle Urals has been studied for the first time. In the model region – Sverdlovsk province, from 2002 to 2022, there are 136 species of wood-destroying fungi were collected: 127 species of Basidiomycota and 9 species of Ascomycota.
Fungi develop on 12 out of 20 species of LWP. The largest number of fungal species was found on the alien Caragana arborescens (115 species / 84.5 % of the total number of species), while on Caragana decorticans, C. ussuriensis, Laburnum alpinum two each, and one on Genista florida. 122 species of fungi were found on
nine alien species of the LWP, which is 4.1 times more than on three native species. The largest number of substrate-specific fungal species develops on C. arborescens (85/62.5 %), while four on Chamaecytisus ruthenicus(2.9 %), three on Maackia amurensis (2.2 %), two each on Genista tinctoria and Robinia pseudoacacia (1.5 %),
and one species on Caragana ussuriensis (0.7 %). Nectria cinnabarina develops on seven species of LWP, on six 427 species – Xylodon sambuci, on four – Peniophora cinerea and Schizophyllum commune. In contrast, 71.3 % of fungal species were found on one LWP species, and 27.2 % of species are characterized by a single find.
For the first time for Sverdlovsk province, 14 fungal species are indicated, of which 86 % were found in the parks of Ekaterinburg city, tree-lines along the roads, but only 14 % in natural conditions. In order to reveal the latitudinal-zonal specificity for the distribution of species richness of the LWP associated mycobiota, we use Aphyllophoroids as the largest group of fungi among all analyzed (75 % of species),
and Caragana arborescens, or Siberian pea tree, is the richest plant substrate. Changes in the fungal diversity were studied along a meridional transect stretching for 800 km. along 60° E, from the middle boreal subzone of Sverdlovsk province to the steppes of Chelyabinsk province (Russia) and Kostanay province (Kazakhstan).
In each of the 5 vegetation zones/subzones, as well as in Ekaterinburg city, six sites were studied, the area of which varies from 0.9 to 6.8 ha. The aboveground phytomass of C. arborescens is maximal in the forest-steppe (8.9–11.7 t/ha), and minimal at the edges of transect (2.4–5.8 t/ha). A positive correlation was found between the aboveground plant phytomass and the species richness of mycobiota, while there was no correlation with climatic parameters. In Ekaterinburg city, where the Siberian pea tree phytomass is two times lower than in the forest-steppe, but the species richness of mycobiota is similar to the forest-steppe, is out of this pattern. A similar result was obtained for α-diversity (average number of fungal species on the sites and Shannon index) of mycobiota: an increase in indicators from the middle boreal subzone to the forest-steppe and a decrease in the steppe. The Whittaker and Czekanowski – Sørensen indices (β-diversity) increase towards the steppe, which is due to a strong relationship with the mean annual temperature and precipitation. A range of fungal species gravitating towards northern, southern and urbanized conditions has been revealed. In the north of transect, local species of fungi predominate, while in the south and in Ekaterinburg city, the role of
biogeographically distant (alien) taxa is high. In this regard, the species composition of Siberian pea tree’s mycobiota is divided into two clusters – northern (boreal) and southern (nemoral-steppe) including Ekaterinburg city. To the south, species richness of pathogenic fungi increases, but this parameter does not correlate with
the C. arborescens phytomass. In plantings of invasive Siberian pea tree, species richness of Poroid fungi is similar to Corticioid fungi at the local and regional level, which differs significantly from natural conditions. A high level of pathogenic fungi was also revealed compared to natural conditions. The results obtained can be used to optimize the concept development of Greenway planning in Ekaterinburg city and can help prevent a number of environmental problems arising after the “rapid” implementation of the strategy for the city development and surrounding areas.
Key words: Russia, Kazakhstan, anthropogenic impact, biogeography, ecology, phytopathology, invasion, climate
... В Западной Сибири был известен из Свердловской обл. (Shiryaev et al., 2010). ...
... В России отмечен в европейской части, на Кавказе, Урале, в Сибири и на Дальнем Востоке, но встречается довольно редко. В Западной Сибири был известен из Свердловской (Shiryaev et al., 2010) и Тюменской областей, Республики Хакасия (Volobuev et al., 2021). ...
... Ближайшее из известных местонахождений отмечено в Свердловской обл. (Shiryaev et al., 2010). ...
Structure of the Institute Scientific activity History of the Institute New cryptogamic records. 11 Index page Scientific activity Periodic publications Novitates Systematicae Plantarum non Vascularium Volume 57, Part 1, 2023 New cryptogamic records. 11 V. M. Kotkova, I. V. Czernyadjeva, E. A. Davydov, G. Ya. Doroshina, D. Yu. Efimov, L. A. Efimova, I. V. Frolov, Ya. I. Gabiger, M. Yu. Glushсhenko, I. A. Gorbunova, D. E. Himelbrant, M. E. Ignatenko, L. B. Kalinina, L. E. Kurbatova, H. V. Kushnevskaya, N. N. Lashchinsky, K. Yu. Lotiev, E. L. Moroz, A. A. Notov, Yu. K. Novozhilov, Yu. S. Otmakhov, N. V. Plikina, N. N. Popova, A. D. Potemkin, V. A. Putilina, P. Yu. Ryzhkova, Ch. N. Sambyla, E. V. Smirnova, I. S. Stepanchikova, Yu. V. Storozhenko, E. I. Troeva, A. G. Tsurykau, V. S. Vishnyakov, A. V. Vlasenko, V. A. Vlasenko, E. A. Volkova, L. F. Volosnova, L. S. Yakovchenko, T. N. Yatsenko-Stepanova, K. A. Zhuykov, A. S. Zueva DOI: https://doi.org/10.31111/nsnr/2023.57.1.155 Full article Abstract First records of algae for the Orenburg Region and Urals of Russia, for the Republic of Belarus and Georgia, fungi for St. Petersburg, Kemerovo and Novosibirsk regions, republics of Altai and Tuva, Altai, Krasnoyarsk and Trans-Baikal territories, myxomycetes for the Omsk and Tomsk regions, republics of Tuva and Sakha (Yakutia) of Russia and Republic of Belarus, lichens, lichenicolous and allied fungi for the Omsk, Ryazan, Sakhalin and Tver regions, Altai, Khabarovsk and Primorye territories, mosses for St. Petersburg, the Leningrad, Saratov and Tula regions, Stavropol Territory, and New Siberian Islands Archipelago, liverwort for St. Petersburg and Krasnoyarsk Territory are presented. The data on their localities, habitats, distribution are provided. The specimens are kept in the herbaria of the Altai State University (ALTB), the Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBIW), the Komarov Botanical Institute RAS (LE), the Mire Research Group of the Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of the Russian Academy of Sciences (MIRE), the V. F. Kuprevich Institute of Experimental Botany of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus (MSK), the Central Siberian botanical garden SB RAS (NSK), the «Galichya Gora» Nature Reserve (VU), the Georgian National Herbarium at the Institute of Botany of the Ilia State University (TBI), and algological collection in the laboratory of the Algology Group of the Institute for Cellular and Intracellular Symbiosis of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Barcodes ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 fungal nrDNA region of some specimens have been deposited in the GenBank NCBI
... It was also recorded in Madeira (Telleria et al., 2008), Azores (Telleria et al., 2009), andCanary Islands (Beltrán-Tejera et al., 2015). In Asia it was reported from Russian Caucasus, Georgia, Azerbaijan, northeast Turkey (Ghobad-Nejhad et al., 2009), Iran (Ghobad-Nejhad & Hallenberg, 2012), India (Sanyal et al., 2017), Middle Urals (Shiryaev et al., 2010), China (Dai, 2011), and Japan (Maekawa, 2021). There are records of the material, named H. ...
... The fungus grows saprobically mostly on hardwood (Fagus, Quercus), and has also been recorded on Tilia, Cornus (Bernicchia & Gorjón, 2010;Volobuev & Arzhenenko, 2018), and Ulmus (Shiryaev et al., 2010). Our specimens indicate a distinct preference of this fungus to the dead wood of Tilia cordata in Tilio-Carpinetum forest association in the study area. ...
... In Europe it extends from Ireland, Norway, and Finland to Spain, Italy, and Croatia (Bernicchia & Gorjón, 2010). In Asia the localities are scattered from the Caucasus region and Middle Urals to Kamchatka and Primorye (Kotiranta et al., 2016;Shiryaev et al., 2010;Zmitrovich, 2008), China (Dai, 2011), and Japan (Maekawa, 2021). It is known to be found in Canada and USA, including Florida (Ginns & Lefebvre, 1993). ...
Eight new species of fungi (Acanthobasidium norvegicum, Amylocorticium laceratum, Hyphoderma transiens, Odonticium septocystidiatum, Phlebia cretacea, Ph. subulata, Steccherinum albidum, and Tubulicrinis calothrix) were identified for Poland after a study of collections from large forests situated in the northeast part of the country. Leptosporomyces fuscostratus was confirmed for Polish mycobiota. Main diagnostic features, natural range, substratum preferences, and taxonomic position of these species are discussed. Color images of basidiomata for 9 species, line drawings of microscopic structures for 6 species, and scanning electron microscopy images of important microstructures for 4 species are provided.
... Previously, 20 species of exobasidioid fungi were known in Sverdlovsk Region (Shiryaev et al., 2010;Shiryaev, Stavishenko, 2011 (Bulgakov, Shiryaev, 2022). Currently, this list has increased (up to 35 species totally) by six species, which were found on alien species of trees and shrubs, including one exotic species -Erysiphe euonymicola -was found on the leaves of Euonymus japonica in the greenhouses of BG UrB RAS. ...
The paper continues a series of publications devoted to the new finds of fungi (Ascomycota, Basidiomycota) in Sverdlovsk Region (the Middle Urals, Russia). Totally, 75 species of macro-and microfungi reported on alien and aborigine woody plants for the first time in the region. The most numerous group are alien plant pathogenic fungi (71%) developing on cultivated fruit trees in gardens and parks, as well as on many common species of trees and shrubs in urban greening.
First records of Riccia fluitans, R. rhenana and Ricciocarpos natans for the Krasnoyarsk Territory are presented. The data on their localities, habitats, distribution, and specimens are provided. The specimens are kept in the Herbarium of the Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters of the RAS (IBIW).
The paper provides the data on aphyllophoroid fungi of the State Nature Reserve «Zapadnyy Kotlin» situated in the Kronshtadtsky District of St. Petersburg. Annotated list includes 78 species with data on their habitats, substrates and frequency. Seven species (Botryobasidium capitatum, Deviodontia pilaecystidiata, Kneiffiella microspora, Lentaria byssiseda, Phanerochaete livescens, Phlebia subochracea, Schizopora flavipora) are published for the first time for St. Petersburg. Deviodontia pilaecystidiata is new for North-West of European Russia.
The biodiversity of wood-inhabiting fungi on woody leguminous plants (WLPs) growing in theMiddle Urals (Russia) has been studied for the first time. From 2002 to 2022, in Sverdlovsk oblast as a modelregion, 136 species of wood-inhabiting fungi were identified on WLPs: 127 species of Basidiomycota and9 species of Ascomycota. Fungi develop on 12 out of 20 species of WLPs. The largest number of fungal specieswas found on the alien Caragana arborescens (115 species/84.5% of the total number of species), while twospecies were collected on Caragana decorticans, C. ussuriensis, and Laburnum alpinum each and one specieswas collected on Genista florida. A total of 122 species of fungi were found on nine alien WLPs, which is4.1 times more than on three native species. The largest number of substrate-specific fungal species can befound to develop on C. arborescens (85/62.5%), four species on Chamaecytisus ruthenicus (2.9%), three spe-cies on Maackia amurensis (2.2%), two on Genista tinctoria and Robinia pseudoacacia each (1.5%), and onespecies on Caragana ussuriensis (0.7%). Nectria cinnabarina develops on the maximum number of substrates,seven WLP species; Xylodon sambuci on six species; and Peniophora cinerea and Schizophyllum commune onfour species. In contrast, 71.3% of fungal species were found on one WLP species, and 27.2% of species arecharacterized by a single finding. For the first time for Sverdlovsk oblast, 14 fungal species are indicated, ofwhich 86% were found in the parks of Ekaterinburg city and tree-lines along the roads, but only 14% were innatural conditions. In order to reveal the latitudinal–zonal specificity for the distribution of species richnessof the WLP associated mycobiota, we use Aphyllophoroids as the largest group of fungi among all analyzed(75% of species), and Caragana arborescens, or Siberian peashrub is the richest plant substrate. Changes inthe fungal diversity were studied along a meridional transect stretching for 800 km along 60° E, from the mid-dle boreal subzone of Sverdlovsk oblast to the steppes of Chelyabinsk oblast (Russia) and Kostanay oblast(Kazakhstan). In each of the five vegetation zones/subzones, as well as in Ekaterinburg city, six sites werestudied, the area of which varies from 0.9 to 6.8 ha. The aboveground phytomass of C. arborescens is maximalin the forest steppe (8.9–11.7 t/ha), and minimal at the edges of the transect (2.4–5.8 t/ha). A positive cor-relation was found between the aboveground plant phytomass and the species richness of mycobiota, whilethere was no correlation with climatic parameters. Notable differences were found in Ekaterinburg city: theSiberian peashrub phytomass was two times lower than in the forest steppe, but the species richness of myco-biota was similar to the forest steppe. A similar result was obtained for the α diversity (average number of fun-gal species at the sites and Shannon index) of mycobiota: an increase in the parameters from the middleboreal subzone to the forest steppe and a decrease in the steppe. The Whittaker and Czekanowski–Sørensenindices (β diversity) increase towards the steppe, which is due to a strong relationship with the mean annualtemperature and precipitation. A range of fungal species gravitating towards northern, southern, and urban-ized conditions has been revealed. In the north of transect, local species of fungi predominate, while in thesouth and in Ekaterinburg city, the role of biogeographically distant (alien) taxa is high. In this regard, thespecies composition of mycobiota of Siberian peashrub is divided into two clusters, northern (boreal) andsouthern (nemoral-steppe) ones, including Ekaterinburg city. To the south, the species richness of patho-genic fungi increases, but this parameter does not correlate with the C. arborescens phytomass. In plantings ofinvasive Siberian peashrub, the species richness of the poroid fungi is similar to that of the corticioid fungi atthe local and regional level, which differs significantly from natural conditions. A high level of pathogenicfungi was also revealed compared to natural conditions. The results can be used to optimize the conceptionof Greenway planning in Ekaterinburg city and help prevent a number of environmental problems arisingafter the rapid implementation of the strategy for developing the city and the surrounding areas.
30 macroscopic species of Ascomycota and Basidiomycota are included in the Red Book of the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, which is located in the central part of the North Caucasus. The range of natural zones varies from steppes in the flat areas at the mountains base, to mountain beech, oak-beech and mixed coniferous-broad-leaved forests on the slopes, and alpine tundra and high mountain glaciers. On the territory of the republic there is the second highest peak of the North Caucasus - Mount Kazbek (5033.8 m above sea level).
The following is a list of fungal species:
Hydnotrya tulasnei Berk. et Br.
Tuber aestivum Vittad.
Hericium coralloides (Fr.) Pers.
Ganoderma lucidum (Curtis) P. Karst.
Ganoderma pfeifferi Bres.
Grifola frondosa (Fr.) S.F. Gray
Clavaria purpurea (Fr.) Fr. [Alloclavaria purpurea (O.F. Müll.) Dentinger et D.J. McLaughlin]
Clavaria zollingeri Lév.
Phaeoclavulina clavarioides (Schild) Giachini
Ramaria broomei (Cotton et Wakef.) R.H. Petersen [Phaeoclavulina macrospora Brinkmann]
Ramaria flavigelatinosa Marr et D.E. Stuntz
Clavariadelphus pistillaris (L.) Donk
Strobilomyces floccopus (Vahl: Fr.) Karst.
Gyroporus castaneus (Bull.: Fr.) Quel.
Gyroporus cyanescens (Bull.: Fr.) Quel.
Boletus fragrans Vittad.
Cortinarius violaceus (L.: Fr.) Fr.
Cortinarius bulliardii (Pers.: Fr.) Fr.
Amanita caesarea (L.: Fr.) Fr.
Volvariella bombycina (Schaeff.) Singer
Phallus hadrianii Vent.
Phallus impudicus var. pseudoduplicatus O. Andersson
Mutinus caninus (Huds.: Pers.) Fr.
Clathrus ruber Pers.
Abortiporus fractipes (Fr.) Fr. [Loweomyces fractipes (Berk. et M.A. Curtis) Jülich]
Auriporia aurulenta (Fr.) Fr.
Perenniporia fraxinea (Fr.) Fr. [Vanderbylia fraxinea (Bull.) D.A. Reid]
Spongipellis pachyodon (Huds.: Pers.) Fr. [Irpiciporus pachyodon (Pers.) Kotl. et Pouzar]
Geastrum melanocephalum Pers.
Geastrum triplex Pers. (Huds.: Pers.) Fr.
The species richness of clavarioid fungi in the Arctic regions of the Urals (Polar Urals and Novaya Zemlya islands) has been studied. Revealed 57 species belonging to 12 genera. All species are widespread (from the tundra to the steppe zone) or arcto-alpine, with the center of distribution along the ecotone zone of the tundra and taiga (on the plain and in the mountains). Probably, there are no species specific only to the tundra regions of the Arctic in the study area.
The book includes a monographic treatment of 26 Peniophora species, found in Eastern Europe plus northwest Caucasus, the Urals, a part of east-central Europe (Poland) and East Baltic countries. The discussed species are illustrated by 118 line drawings of micromorphology. Additionally there is a survey of the knowledge about the total genus in different aspects, like history of taxonomic research, morphology, some ecological characteristics, geography, life cycle, sexuality, molecular phylogeny, role in plant pathology, development in culture. A key to 15 genera of peniophoroid fungi and to the all Peniophora species (83 taxa) are provided, with short morphological diagnoses for each species, not described in the main taxonomic part. Appendix includes descriptions of 12 common Peniophora species in culture and a list of 23 names, excluded from Peniophora s. str. References list: 299 sources.
The lignicolous Basidiomycetes of the West Siberian Plain are investigated, with respect to their origin, distribution and frequency. 345 species have been recorded; a number are considered to be rare. Human activity can change the formation structure of the plain forest cover and thus the West Siberian xylotrophic basidiomycetes biota. -Author
One hundred and eighteen clavarioid species are reported from the nemoral zone of the Ural Mts.. Eight of them, Ceratellopsis aculeata, C. terrigena, Lentaria corticola, Pistillaria quercicola, Ramaria broomei, R. lutea, R. subtilis and Typhula hyalina, are reported for the first time from Russia. The material consists of 1300 collections and
observations, and according to these, the most frequent species are Clavulina cinerea, Macrotyphula. juncea, Typhula erythropus, T. sclerotioides, T. uncialis and T. variabilis. These contain ca. 23 % of all observations, but only 5 % of all the species. In comparison
with the boreal zone of the Urals, the nemoral zone consists less abundant species (1.7% / 14.6%) and more rare species (47.8% / 38.2%). Species like Ramaria broomei, R. lutea and Sparassis brevipes
are considered to be relicts of Pliocen and Holocen periods. The most favorable habitats for the rare and relict species are discussed. The collecting sites are briefly described and descriptions of the new and rare species for Russia are given.
The check-list of 74 species of polypores associated with Siberian spruce at the Urals are given with short taxonomic and ecological analysis.
The paper provided an addition to the mycobiota of the Visim Nature Reserve from the south-western part of the Sverdlovsk region. Totally 251 species of aphyllophoroid fungi are new to the nature reserve, including 67 new species for the region. The annotated list of species includes references to the substrate specializations, distribution and forest types.
