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First survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 5
Survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
from Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia,
Canada, with new records and description
of a new species. Part 1
John A. McLean1,†, Jan Klimaszewski2,‡, Agnes Li1,§, Karine Savard2,|
1 Department of Forest Sciences, Faculty of Forestry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Co-
lumbia, Canada 2 Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry Centre, Quebec,
Quebec, Canada
† urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:E7BE167E-6F60-4863-A411-66093602A245
‡ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:75880C14-430B-45F6-8B6D-840428F3FF37
§ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:6B942232-5C0A-4336-8F1A-3555E1A10B6F
| urn:lsid:zoobank.org:author:716D03A0-DF55-4A60-AA54-DF4C0F4A8E7E
Corresponding author: Jan Klimaszewski (jan.klimaszewski@nrcan-rncan.gc.ca)
Academic editor: Volker Assing|Received23 January 2009|Accepted 24 February 2009|Published 28 September2009
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:EB1FB298-E8B5-49EF-AB5E-0F115B4A3D42
Citation: McLean JA, Klimaszewski J, Li A, Savard K (2009) First survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae)
from Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, with new records and description of a new species. Part 1.
In: Majka CG, Klimaszewski J (Eds) Biodiversity, Biosystematics, and Ecology of Canadian Coleoptera II. ZooKeys 22
5–17. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.22.86
Abstract
e rst survey of rove beetle species from Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada is pre-
sented. irty- ve species are reported from the following subfamilies: Aleocharinae (14), Micropeplinae
(1), Omaliinae (7), Oxytelinae (2), Paederinae (1), Proteininae (2), Pselaphinae (1), Staphylininae (3),
and Tachyporinae (4). All species are listed in Table 1. One new species, Oxypoda stanleyi Klimaszewski &
McLean, sp. n., is described and illustrated and three new adventive aleocharine species are recorded for
the rst time from British Columbia. ey are: Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz), Mocyta fungi (Gravenhorst), and
Oxypoda opaca (Gravenhorst). ese exotic species were previously known from the Palaearctic region,
eastern Canada, and the United States.
Keywords
British Columbia, Canada, Coleoptera, new species, Staphylinidae, Stanley Park, survey, Vancouver
ZooKeys 22: 5
–
17 (2009)
doi: 10.3897/zookeys.22.86
www.pensoftonline.net/zookeys
Copyright John A. McLean et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Launched to accelerate biodiversity research
A peer-reviewed open-access journal
RESEARCH ARTICLE
John A. McLean, Jan Klimaszewski, Agnes Li, Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 5–17 (2009)
6
Map 1. Map of Stanley Park, Vancouver, British Columbia, showing collecting locations for the 2007
insect survey.
Introduction
As part of the Stanley Park, Vancouver, restoration plan it was proposed to survey
the forest insects that could be at special risk as a result of tree damage from the win-
ter storm in December 2006, and accumulation of the very large amount of coarse
woody debris (Map 1). ere is concern that some exotic insects might also become
established in the areas with severe tree damage. e results of this survey are from
sampling conducted in the undamaged part of the Stanley Park forest. ey consti-
tute the baseline data, which will be used for comparison with rove beetle samples
collected in the severely damaged forest of the park, and will be published in a sepa-
rate contribution as part 2.
As very little is known about the insect diversity in the Park, a sampling and
monitoring program was undertaken to determine what species of insect are present.
A series of pitfall traps were set out, in addition to other sampling methods, to survey
for ground and rove beetle populations. e results of rove beetle collecting are pre-
sented in this contribution. e trapping yielded 35 species of Staphylinidae (Table
1), including one species new to science, Oxypoda stanleyi Klimaszewski & McLean,
sp. n., and three adventive aleocharine species, Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz), Mocyta fungi
(Gravenhorst) and Oxypoda opaca (Gravenhorst), recorded for the rst time from
British Columbia.
First survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 7
Study locations
Two undamaged sites in Stanley Park, site A and site B [49°18΄02˝N, 123°07΄04˝W;
49°18΄22˝N, 123°09΄11˝W respectively], were designated for trapping insects (Map
1). Site A was located in an area adjacent to the Vancouver Aquarium and site B was
along the Rawlings Trail near the Hollow Tree Reserve. e Vancouver Aquarium
site consisted of a closed canopy second-growth forest, mainly Douglas- r (Pseudot-
suga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco), with a bare forest oor with old needles and some ivy
around trap site 1. e Hollow Tree site consisted of a closed canopy second-growth
stand of mainly western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla (Raf.) Sarg.) and a few Douglas-
r and western cedar ( uja plicata Donn ex D. Don) with a bare forest oor with
old needles. Traps were set out on April 20, 2007 and operated during the summer
months. At each site, four Lindgren multiple funnel traps, a ight-intercept trap,
and a pitfall trap near each of the hanging traps were set up. Polypropylene glycol
was used in all traps for preserving captured insects. e Lindgren traps were baited
with speci c pheromones, ethanol lures, and alpha-pinene lures. e pitfall traps
were unbaited.
e following main references were consulted for the identi cation of rove bee-
tles: Campbell (1973), Hatch (1957), Newton et al. (2000), Smetana (1971, 1976),
Klimaszewski (2000), Klimaszewski and Winchester (2002), Klimaszewski et al.
(2001, 2004, 2006, 2007).
Material examined
More than 160 adult rove beetles were examined, 11 of which were dissected. e
genital structures were dehydrated in absolute alcohol and mounted in Canada
balsam on celluloid microslides and pinned with the specimens from which they
originated. e photographs of the entire body of Oxypoda stanleyi and the gen-
ital structures were taken using an image processing system (Nikon SMZ 1500
stereoscopic microscope; Nikon digital camera DXM 1200f; and Adobe Photoshop
software).
Terminology mainly follows that employed by Seevers (1978). e ventral part of
the median lobe of the aedeagus is considered to be the part of the bulbus containing
the foramen mediale, the entrance of the ductus ejaculatorius, and the adjacent venter
of the tubus; the opposite side is referred to as the dorsal part.
Conventions
Authorship of a new taxon. Authorship of a new taxon is attributed to Klimaszewski,
J. and McLean, J. alone.
John A. McLean, Jan Klimaszewski, Agnes Li, Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 5–17 (2009)
8
Repository abbreviations:
CNC Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids, and Nematodes, Agri-
culture and Agri-Food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
LFC Natural Resources Canada, Canadian Forest Service, Laurentian Forestry
Centre, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
UBC University of British Columbia, Spencer Entomological Collection, Beaty
Biodiversity Museum, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
UNH University of New Hampshire, Department of Zoology, Durham, New
Hampshire, USA
Systematics
Tribe Oxypodini omson, 1859
Genus Oxypoda Mannerheim, 1830
For literature review and diagnosis, see Klimaszewski et al. 2006.
1. Oxypoda stanleyi Klimaszewski & McLean, sp. n.
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A998F39F-A93C-40AF-9E03-BA11A6263F8C
Figs 1–9
HOLOTYPE (male): CANADA, British Columbia, Vancouver, Stanley Park, Hol-
low Tree, CWH, 49°18΄22˝N, 123°09΄11˝W, pitfall trap #5, 29.IV-10 V. 2007, J.A.
McLean, A. Li, J. Derhouso ; Staphylinidae A. Li I, 2008 (LFC). PARATYPES:
labelled as the holotype (LFC) 2 males, 1 female, funnel trap #4 (UBC) 1 female;
same labels as the holotype except: 10.V-23.V.2007, pitfall #5 (LFC) 1 male; 20.VI-
29.VI.2007, pitfall #5 (LFC) 1 male, (UBC) 2 males; 10.VII-31.VII.2007, pitfall
#5 (LFC) 1 female; Vancouver, Stanley Park, Vancouver Aquarium, 49°18΄02˝N,
123°07΄04˝W, pitfall trap #1, 20.IV-29.IV.2007, pitfall #1, J.A. McLean, A. Li, J.
Derhouso (LFC) 1 male; same data except: 29.IV-10.V.2007, pitfall #1 (LFC) 1
male; 10.V-23.V.2007, pitfall #4 (LFC) 2 males, (UBC) 5 males, 1 female; 23.V-7.
VI.2007, pitfall #5 (LFC) 1 female, (UBC) 2 males; 19.VI-10.VII.2007, pitfall #4
(LFC) 1 male, (UBC) 2 females.
Etymology. is species is named for the type locality where the original speci-
mens were captured. Stanley Park was formally opened in 1888 by Lord Stanley, Earl
of Preston, the Governor General of Canada (Steele 1988).
Diagnosis. Oxypoda stanleyi may be distinguished from the remaining Nearctic
species of Oxypoda by the following features: body narrowly oval, rust-brown with
dark brown head and at least posterior third of abdomen, forebody with scarcely visible
microsculpture, length 1.6–1.9 mm, antennae strongly thickened and incrassate (Fig.
First survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 9
Figure 1. Oxypoda stanleyi Klimaszewski & McLean, sp. n., dorsal habitus.
1mm
John A. McLean, Jan Klimaszewski, Agnes Li, Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 5–17 (2009)
10
1), median lobe of aedeagus and spermatheca of a characteristic shape (Figs. 2, 3, 7).
Known to occur in coastal British Columbia.
Description. Body small, reddish-brown with dark brown head and at least
posterior half of abdomen; length 1.6–1.9 mm, approximately narrowly oval, slight-
ly broadest at middle of elytra, abdomen subparallel basally and gradually nar-
rowed posterad (Fig. 1); forebody with scarcely visible microsculpture, sculpticells
of attened hexagonal shape; integument moderately glossy; pubescence sparse on
head and abdomen and denser elsewhere (Fig. 1). Head (Fig. 1) broadest at poste-
rior eye level, narrower than pronotum, pubescence directed anterad centrally and
slightly obliquely laterad laterally, frontal suture and infraorbital carina strong; eyes
moderately sized, approximately as long as postocular area; antennae strongly swol-
len, articles 4–9 strongly transverse and incrassate (Fig. 1); maxillary palpus with
4 articles, last one needle-shaped; labial palpus with 3 articles; glossae separated,
V-shaped; pronotum moderately convex, strongly transverse and slightly narrower
than elytra at maximum width, ratio of maximum pronotal width/length 1.3, pu-
bescence directed straight posterad along midline of disc and obliquely posteri-
orly elsewhere (Fig. 1); elytra slightly broader at middle than pronotum and at
suture slightly shorter than pronotum, pubescence directed approximately straight
to slightly obliquely posterad (Fig. 1); abdomen subparallel basally and slightly ta-
pering apically; three basal tergites with strong basal impressions; metatarsus with
basal article elongate and at least as long as two following articles combined. Male.
Tergite 8 slightly transverse, truncate apically, antecostal suture slightly sinuate
medially (Fig. 5). Sternite 8 slightly elongate, rounded apically, antecostal suture
slightly sinuate medially (Fig. 6). Median lobe of aedeagus with moderately sized
bulbus and subparallel tubus abruptly tapering apically in dorsal view (Fig. 3); ven-
ter of tubus arcuate basally and straight subapically ending sharply in lateral view
(Fig. 2); crista apicalis large (Fig. 2); internal sac with complex structures (Figs. 2,
3); paramere with narrow and elongate apical lobe, subapical and basal setae mod-
erately long (Fig. 4). Female. Tergite 8 similar to that of male (Fig. 8). Sternite 8
approximately as long as wide, truncate apically, antecostal suture straight medially
(Fig. 9). Spermatheca with small spherical capsule with invagination facing up and
long and narrow sinuate stem (Fig. 7).
Distribution. Oxypoda stanleyi is known only from Stanley Parkm in Vancouver,
British Columbia.
Collection and habitat data. Adults were collected from April through July using
pitfall traps and one specimen was captured in a funnel trap. e majority of speci-
mens were captured in May. e thick antennae indicate that this species may be a li-
ated with ants, but this needs to be con rmed by eld observations.
Comments. Oxypoda stanleyi is distinct from other Nearctic species of Oxypoda by
the short macrosetae on the apical tergites and sternites 8 (Figs. 5, 6, 8, 9), and by its
swollen antennae. Due to these characteristics it should be assigned to a species group
of its own. Externally, except for the swollen antennae, it resembles the species from
the Inimica species group described by Klimaszewski et al. (2006). It keys to couplet 2
First survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 11
Figures 2–9. Genital structures and terminalia of Oxypoda stanleyi (2–6 male): 2 median lobe of ae-
deagus in lateral, and dorsal view 3, 4 paramere 5 tergite 8 6 sternite 8 (7–9 female): 7 spermatheca 8
tergite 8 9 sternite 8.
4
7
2
58
3
69
4–6,
8, 9
2, 3, 7
0.2mm0.1mm
John A. McLean, Jan Klimaszewski, Agnes Li, Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 5–17 (2009)
12
in Klimaszewski et al. (2006), which should be modi ed as follows to accommodate
this species:
Key to Oxypoda species occurring in Canada and Alaska
2 Body length 1.6–1.9 mm, antennae strongly swollen, articles 9 and 10 more
than twice as broad as long (Fig. 1), known to occur in coastal British Colum-
bia .....................................................................................O. stanleyi sp. n.
– Body length 2.2–3.2 mm, antennae moderately swollen, articles 9 and 10
usually less than twice as broad as long, known from western and northern
Canada ......................................................................................................3
2. Oxypoda opaca (Gravenhorst)
(For illustrations and details, see Hoebeke 1989 and Klimaszewski et al. 2006).
CANADA. British Columbia: Vancouver, Stanley Park, Vancouver Aquarium, CWH
(49°18΄02˝N, 123°07΄04˝W), Funnel trap 1, 29.IV-10.V.2007, J.A. McLean, A. Li, J.
Derhouso (UBC) 1 male.
Oxypoda opaca is a widespread Palaearctic species previously recorded in North
America in the United States from North and South Carolina, New York, and Ver-
mont (Hoebeke 1989). It was rst recorded in Canada from Ontario and Nova Scotia
(Klimaszewski et al. 2006). is species is here newly recorded from British Columbia.
Tribe Athetini Casey, 1910
(For literature review and diagnosis, see Klimaszewski and Winchester 2002).
3. Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz)
(For diagnosis, illustrations and literature reviews, see Klimaszewski et al. 2007, Gouix
and Klimaszewski 2007).
CANADA. British Columbia: Vancouver, Stanley Park, Hollow Tree, CWH
(49°18΄22˝N, 123°09΄11˝W), Funnel trap 2, 10.VII-31.VII.2007, J.A. McLean, A.
Li, J. Derhouso (UBC) 1 male.
Dalotia coriaria is a cosmopolitan species that is adventive in many parts of the
world including Europe, east Africa, Madagascar, New Zealand, Galapagos Islands
(Benick and Lohse 1974; Pace 1999; Sivasubramaniam et al. 1997; Klimaszewski and
Peck 1998), and North America (Klimaszewski et al. 2007). In Canada it has previ-
ously been recorded from Ontario and Alberta (Klimaszewski et al. 2007, Gouix and
Klimaszewski 2007), and in the United States from California, Florida, Louisiana,
First survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 13
Massachusetts, New Jersey and New York (Moore and Legner 1975; Muona 1984;
Frank 1980; Gusarov 2003). is species is here newly recorded from British Colum-
bia. e isolated and disjunctive distribution of D. coriaria in Canada represents prob-
ably three independent introduction events.
4. Mocyta fungi (Gravenhorst)
CANADA. British Columbia: Vancouver, Stanley Park, Vancouver Aquarium, CWH
(49°18΄02˝N, 123°07΄04˝W), Pitfall trap 4, 31.VII-21.VIII.2007, J.A. McLean, A. Li,
J. Derhouso (UBC) 1 female; Vancouver Aquarium, Pitfall trap 2, 29.IV-10.V.2007,
J.A. McLean, A. Li, J. Derhouso (UBC) 1 female.
Mocyta fungi is a cosmopolitan species, which most likely arrived in North
America from Europe where it is represented by both sexes or by females only. In
most other locations including Canada, it is represented only by females. Smetana
(2004) recorded it from Europe, North Africa, Asia and North America. Gusarov
(2001–2003) reported it from New Brunswick and Majka and Klimaszewski (2008)
reported it from Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island. Most specimens from these
locations were collected from agricultural elds with a few from coastal habitats
(Majka et al. 2008). Gouix and Klimaszewski (2007) recorded it from Labrador,
Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Quebec, and Ontario, Klimaszewski et al. (2008)
provided new records from Yukon and Alaska, and Majka and Klimaszewski (2008)
provided new records from the interior of British Columbia. Mocyta fungi is here
newly recorded from coastal British Columbia.
Tribe Homalotini Heer
(For literature review and diagnosis, see Klimaszewski et al. 2004).
Subtribe Bolitocharina omson
Leptusa gatineauensis Klimaszewski and Pelletier
(For details and illustrations, see Klimaszewski et al. 2004).
CANADA. British Columbia: Vancouver, Stanley Park, Hollow Tree, CWH
(49°18΄22˝N, 123°09΄11˝W), Funnel trap 1, 29.IV-10.V.2007, J.A. McLean, A.
Li, J. Derhouso (UBC) 1 female; Vancouver Aquarium, CWH (49°18΄02˝N,
123°07΄04˝W), Funnel trap 1, 10.V-23.V.2007, J.A. McLean, A. Li, J. Derhouso
(UBC) 1 female.
Leptusa gatineauensis was described by Klimaszewski et al. (2004) on specimens
from Nova Scotia and Ontario. It was then reported from Alberta by Majka and Kli-
maszewski (2008).
John A. McLean, Jan Klimaszewski, Agnes Li, Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 5–17 (2009)
14
Table 1. List of rove beetles captured in Stanley Park, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Subfamilies and species
are listed alphabetically. New distributions are in bold. Adventive species are marked with an asterisk (*).
Canadian provinces and territories and American states are abbreviated. Site A is located in the area adja-
cent to the Vancouver Aquarium and site B along the Rawlings Trail near the Hollow Tree.
Subfamilies and species Distribution in
Canada Collecting
sites in
Stanley
Park
Collecting
period Number
of
specimens
captured
Depository
ALEOCHARINAE
Amischa sp. 1 BC A VIII–X 1 LFC
Amischa sp. 2 BC A, B V, VIII, X 3 LFC, UBC
Aleochara fumata
(Gravenhorst)* AB, BC, MB,
NB, NS, ON,
PE, QC, YT
A VII–VIII 1 UBC
Atheta (Dimetrota)
hampshirensis Bernhauer AK, BC, NB,
NS, QC A, B VII, VIII 2 UBC
Atheta (Atheta) ringi
Klimaszewski BC A VI–VII 1 UBC
Atheta (Alaobia) ventricosa
Bernhauer AK, BC, ON,
NB, YT A, B IV, VI, VII,
VIII 20 LFC, UBC
Dalotia coriaria (Kraatz)* AB, ON, BC B VII 1 UBC
Leptusa gatineauensis
Klimaszewski ON, QC, NS,
BC A, B IV, V 2 UBC
Mocyta fungi
(Gravenhorst)* ON, QC, NB,
NF & LB, NS,
BC
A IV–V, VII–
VIII 2 UBC
Oxypoda opaca
(Gravenhorst)* ON, NS, BC A IV–V 1 UBC
Oxypoda stanleyi
Klimaszewski & McLean
sp. n.
BC A, B IV–VII 26 LFC, UBC
Placusa tacomae Casey YT, NT, BC, AB,
ON, QC, NS A, B V, VI, VII 5 UBC
Placusa vaga Casey BC, QC A VII 1 UBC
Stictalia californica (Casey) BC A, B V, VII,
VIII–X 4 UBC
MICROPEPLINAE
Micropeplus punctatus
LeConte AK, BC A, B V, VI, VII 4 LFC, UBC
OMALIINAE
Acrulia tumidula (Mäklin) AK, BC A IV 1 UBC
Anthobium metarium
(Mannerheim) AK, BC B VIII–X 3 UBC
Amphichroum maculatum
Horn BC B VI 1 UBC
Deinopteroloma subcostatum
(Mäklin) AK, BC A, B V, VI, VIII,
X12 UBC
First survey of rove beetles (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae) 15
Acknowledgements
We thank Pamela Cheers, English Editor (LFC), for editing the rst draft of this man-
uscript. Taxonomic assistance was provided by A. Smetana, Agriculture and Agri-Food
Canada, Ottawa, who identi ed Quedius crescenti and by D. Chandler, University of
New Hampshire, USA, who identi ed Oropus striatus.
Subfamilies and species Distribution in
Canada Collecting
sites in
Stanley
Park
Collecting
period Number
of
specimens
captured
Depository
Eusphalerum pothos
Mannerheim AK, BC, AB,
ON, QC, NB,
NS, NF
B IV, V, VI 18 UBC
Hapalaraea megarthroides
(Fauvel) BC, AB B VIII–X 1 UBC
Phloeonomus laesicollis
(Mäklin) AK, BC, AB,
ON, QC, NS,
NF
B VII 1 UBC
OXYTELINAE
Oxytelus laqueatus
(Marsham)* AK, BC, YT, AB,
SK, MB, ON,
QC, NB, NS
A, B VII, VIII 8 LFC, UBC
Syntomium grahami Hatch AK, BC, QC,
NB, NF A VI–VII 1 UBC
PAEDAERINAE
Lathrobium sp. BC B VI–VII 1 UBC
PROTEININAE
Megarthrus pictus
Motschulsky AK, BC A VIII–X 1 UBC
Proteinus limbatus Mäklin AK, BC, ON B VIII–X 2 UBC
PSELAPHINAE
Oropus striatus (LeConte) BC A, B IV, V, VI,
VII, VIII–X 13 UBC,
UNH
STAPHYLININAE
Dinothenarus pleuralis
(LeConte) BC, AB A IV, V, VI,
VIII 12 LFC, UBC
Gabrius virilis (Horn) BC A IV–V 1 UBC
Quedius crescenti Hatch BC A, B VII, VIII 6 CNC,
LFC, UBC
TACHYPORINAE
Mycetoporus sp. BC B V 1
Tachinus crotchi Horn BC A, B VII, VIII 7 LFC, UBC
Tachinus nigricornis
Mannerheim AK, BC, AB B VII 1 UBC
Tachinus semirufus Horn AK, BC A, B V, VI, VII 20 LFC, UBC
John A. McLean, Jan Klimaszewski, Agnes Li, Karine Savard / ZooKeys 22: 5–17 (2009)
16
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Corrigenda to:
Klimaszewski J, Savard K, Pelletier G, Webster R (2008) Species review of the genus
Gnypeta omson from Canada, Alaska and Greenland (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae,
Aleocharinae): systematics, bionomics and distribution. ZooKeys 2: 11–84.
e following changes should be made: p. 44, Figs 99–107, change Gnypeta brincki
to Gnypeta caerula, and p. 57, Figs 139-147, change Gnypeta brincki to Gnypeta
carbonaria.