Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis.

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4 Hauptmann 2007: 144, fig. 11a-b, 12a-b, 13a-b, 14a-b.
5 Schmidt 2010: Fig. 20.
6 Çelik 2011a: Fig. 16. ; Çelik 2011b: 91-95, fig. 1a-d.
7 Çelik 2005: 28-29, figs. 1-3; Bulgan and Çelik 2011: 85-90, figs.
1-3, 5.
8 Hauptmann 2007: Fig. 9.
9 Schmidt 2010: Fig. 4, 6-10.
10 Çelik 2000b: Fig. 1; 2011a: Figs. 8-10.
11 Çelik 2004: 3, fig.4; 2006a: 222, fig.5; 2010: 258, fig.2.
12 Çelik 2006b: Fig. 2.
13 Çelik et al. 2011c: 225-236, figs. 7a-b.
14 Hauptmann 2000: Abb. 8-10.
15 Çelik 2007: 163-166, figs. 20-21, 26; 2011d: 143-145, figs. 20-
21, 26.
16 Abbes 1993: Figs. 7-8, 10, 13-14; Cauvin 1994: 79, figs. 24/1, 3.
17 Çelik 2011d: Fig. 25.
18 Çelik 2007: 165.
of the sculpture, the mouth section of which is not
shaped, is recessed with blade pieces made from
obsidian are inserted inside. The sculpture presents
identical properties with the sculptures retrieved from
4 5 6
Nevali Çori , Göbekli Tepe and Karahan Tepe
settlements, which are dated to Pre-Pottery Neolithic
7
Period and the sculpture currently on display at
Gaziantep Museum. Furthermore, this sculpture
appears as continuation and successor of the tradition of
8
“T” shaped pillars discovered at Nevali Çori , Göbekli
9 10 11 12
Tepe , Karahan Tepe , Hamzan Tepe , Sefer Tepe and
13
Taşlı Tepe settlements and the pillar currently on
14
display at Adıyaman Museum (Map 1).
When the small artifacts retrieved from the salvage
excavation conducted at the discovered section are
examined from the technologic and typological aspects,
domination of the Big Arrowheads Industry (BAI) can
15
be clearly observed. The arrowheads exhibit
similarities with the arrowheads retrieved from Byblos,
16
Aswad, Cheikh Hassan and Mureybet settlements.
Almost all arrowheads are made on blade extracted
17
from bipolar core. In particular, Yeni Mahalle
Paleolithic tool industry appears to be contemporaneous
18
with Mureybet IVa and IVb epochs. Based on the these
similarities, it is concluded that the arrow-heads at the
settlement are identical with the arrowheads observed at
Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period B epoch.
Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis
Bahattin Çelik
Yeni Karbon-14 Analizleri Işığında Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü
Özet
Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle yerleşiminden elde edilen
karbon örnekleriyle daha önce yapılmış olan iki adet
C14 analizi dışında, 3 adet C14 analizi daha
yapılmıştır. Bu analizler ışığında, I. Terazzo evresi ve II.
Terazzo evresi olarak nitelendirilen evreler üzerine yeni
bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır. Bunun sonucunda,
Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle Çanak Çömleksiz Neolitik
dönem kültür tabakalarının daha çok Erken Çanak
Çömleksiz Neolitik Dönem B (EPPNB) evresine ait
tabakalar olduğu anlaşılmıştır.
Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü is located within
the ancient town center of Şanlıurfa, north of Balıklıgöl
sacred area (Fig 1). Today, the entire mound is located
within the ancient town center and is underneath single-
storey dwellings. During the recent road construction
works performed at this area, a section of approximately
15 m length, 60 cm thickness and 2 m height is revealed
(Fig. 2). A salvage excavation is then initiated at this
section in year 1997 as directed by Şanlıurfa Museum
Directorate with Harran University Archeology
Department acting as counselors. As a result of the
studies conducted therein, 13 cultural levels are
discovered, all of which are understood to be from Pre-
Pottery Neolithic period.
Prior to the studies performed at the revealed section
of Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in year 1997, the
1
lifesize sculpture of a man with approximately 1.90 cm
length and an unshaped feet section was retrieved
during the “Balıklıgöl Landscaping Work Project”
procured by Şanlıurfa Governorate in 1993 (Fig. 3).
This sculpture is modeled as holding his genitals with
both hands, with a chevron pattern located around its
2
neck. The chevron pattern is also present on the “T”
shaped pillars, which are well-known from the
3
Neolithic settlements in the region. The ocular section
1 Çelik 2000a: Fig. 3. ; Hauptmann 2003:
2 Hauptmann 2003:
3 Hauptmann 2011: Fig. 37.
Abb. 1-4.
Abb. 1-4, 626-628,

such period in the section. Furthermore, the last three
C14 analyzes performed recently also did not produce
any earlier dates. However, the round architectural
building remnants revealed at the section may point out
the possibility that levels pertaining to the Epoch A of
the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period. This type of buildings
both with round plan and with terrazzo floorings only
appeared with the round cult buildings only discovered
at Level III of Göbekli Tepe and date to Epoch A of the
23
Pre-Pottery Neolithic period.
During the excavations recently performed at Gö-
bekli Tepe, a large round structure with terrazzo flooring
24
from Level II was unearthed. This structure dates back
25
to approximately 8600 BC. Therefore, by virtue of the
presence of this round structure with terrazzo flooring
discovered at Level II at Göbekli Tepe, it wouldn't be
wrong to indicate that the round buildings discovered at
Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle section are from around 8800
BC.
In conclusion, in the light of the recent C14 analyses
carried out with the charcoal samples collected from the
26
section , it is clearly understood that Şanlıurfa-Yeni
Mahalle settlement is first founded during Epoch B of
the Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period on the bedrock
for the flint stone tool find obtained from Yeni Mahalle
Höyüğü correlate with the C14 analyses results (Table
1). For this reason it's appropriate to date the settlement
to PPNB period.
References
Abbes, F. 1993
“Méthode d'approce de la variabilité du debitagé
laminaire, application à desarmatures perçantes de
Cheikh Hassan (Syrie. VIIIe millénaire BC).” Cahiers de
I'Euphrate 7: 119-150.
Bulgan, F. and B. Çelik 2011
“A New Statue From Gaziantep in Southeast Turkey /
Türkiye'nin Güneydoğusundaki Gaziantep'ten Yeni Bir
Heykel.” H. Taşkıran, M. Kartal, K. Özçelik, M.B. Kösem
and G. Kartal (eds.), Işın Yalçınkaya'ya Armağan Kitabı /
Studies in Honor of Işın Yalçınkaya, 85-90. Ankara:
Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları.
Cauvin, J. 1994
Naissance des divinitès, naissance de l'agriculture. La
révolution des symboles au Néolithique. Paris: Editions
The remnants of two round architectural buildings
were revealed at the section where the salvage
excavation was performed. Furthermore, terrazzo floor
coverings, which are understood as an architectural
element and part of such buildings were also
discovered (Fig. 4). Moreover, terrazzo floor covering
exam-ples that do not belong to any building were also
encoun-tered. Both the terrazzo floors and the round
buildings are building traditions prevalently
encountered at the region during Epi-Paleolithic and
19
Neolithic period.
The round building architecture present at Yeni
Mahalle section is a civilian structure, which is an archi-
tectural aspect presently not encountered at Urfa region
except for Göbekli Tepe and Hamzan Tepe. The round
architecture discovered at Hamzan Tepe pertains to a
20
civilian building. The round buildings discovered at
Göbekli Tepe, on the other hand, are characterized as
21
cult structures by the excavators. In general, Round
Buildings are an architectural tradition that appears at
Levant, Mesopotamia and Southeastern Anatolia
Region during Epoch A of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic
22
Period for the first time. The most striking aspect of the
round buildings at Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle section is
that the buildings have terrazzo coverings at their floors.
Two distinct dates came up as a result of the C14
analyzes conducted in year 2004 with the charcoal
samples collected from Yeni Mahalle section. One of
the dates falls around 11210±90 BC, which is
considered as the Terrazzo I epoch, and the other date
dates to 8690±100 BC, which is considered as the
Terrazzo II epoch. In particular, the date 11210 BC
appears to be a date that is adequate for the architectural
findings. The date 8690±100 BC, on the other hand, is a
date that is adequate for the small artifacts.
The section inside the Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle
Höyüğü pertaining to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period
must date to 8830-8650 BC. The date 11210 BC is a
period that rather represents the Epi-Paleolithic period
in the region and no small artifacts are discovered from
Hauptmann, H. 2003
“Eine frühneolitische Kultfigur aus Urfa.” M. Özdogan,
H. Hauptmann and N.Başgelen (eds.), From Village to
Cities. Early Villages in the Near East 1, 622-636.
Istanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
Hauptmann, H. 2007
“Nevali Çori ve Urfa Bölgesinde Neolitik Dönem.” M.
Özdoğan and N. Başgelen (eds.), Anadolu'da Uygarlığın
Doğuşu ve Avrupa'ya Yayılımı. Türkiye'de Neolitik
Dönem, Yeni Kazılar, Yeni Bulgular, 131-164. Istanbul:
Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
Hauptmann, H. 2011
“The Urfa Region.” M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen and P.
Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New Excava-
tions and New Research, The Euphrate Basin, 85-138.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publications.
Karul, N. 2011
“Gusir Höyük.” M.Özdoğan, N.Başgelen and P.
Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New
Excavation and New Research, The Tigris Basin, 1-17.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publication.
Kozlowski, S.K. and O. Aurenche 2005
Territories, Boundaries and Cultures in the Neolithic
Near East. BAR International Series 1362. Oxford:
Archaeopress.
Kromer, B. and Schmidt, K. 1998
“Two radiocarbon dates from Göbekli Tepe, South
Eastern Turkey." Neo-Lithics 3/98: 8-9.
Özdoğan, A. 1999
“Çayönü.” M. Özdoğan and N. Başgelen (eds.), Neolithic
in Turkey, The Cradle of Civilization, New Discoveries.
Text and Plates, 35-63. Istanbul. Arkeoloji ve Sanat
Yayınları.
Özkaya, V. and A. Coşkun 2011
“Körtik Tepe.” M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen and P. Kuni-
holm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New Excavation and
New Research. The Tigris Basin, 89-127. Istanbul:
Archaeology and Art Publication.
Pustovoytov, K., K. Schmidt and H. Parzinger 2007
“Radiocarbon dating of thin pedogenic carbonate laminae
from Holocene archaeological sites.” The Holocene 17/6:
835-843.
Rosenberg, M. 1999
“Hallan Çemi.” M.Özdoğan and N.Başgelen (eds.),
Neolithic in Turkey, The Cradle of Civilization, New
Discoveries. Text and Plates, 25-33. Istanbul: Arkeoloji
ve Sanat Yayınları.
Rosenberg, M. 2011
“Hallan Çemi.” M.Özdoğan, N.Başgelen and P.
Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New
Excavation and New Research. The Tigris Basin, 61-78.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publication.
Schmidt, K. 2010
“Göbekli Tepe. The Stone Age Sanctuaries. New Results
of Ongoing Excavations with a Special Focus on
Sculptures and High Reliefs.” Documenta Praehistorica
37: 239-256.
Sicher-Akman, M. 2001
“Die Rundhütte als Ursprung Zur Entwicklung erster
runder Hütten zum geregelten Rechteckbau.” R. M.
Boehmer and J. Maran (eds.). Lux orientis. Archaeologie
zwischen Asien und Europa, Festschrift für Harald
CNRS.
Çelik, B. 2000a
“An Early Neolithic Settlement in the Center of Şanlıurfa,
Turkey.” Neo-Lithics 2/3: 4-6.
Çelik, B. 2000b
“A New Early-Neolithic Settlement: Karahan Tepe.” Neo-
Lithics 2/3: 6-8.
Çelik, B. 2004
“A New Early-Neolithic Settlement: Hamzan Tepe.” Neo-
Lithics 2/4: 3-5.
Çelik, B. 2005
“A New Statue of the Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period
from Gaziantep, Southeastern Turkey.” Neo-Lithics,1/5:
28-29.
Çelik, B. 2006a
“A New Lower Paleolithic Open Air Station and Early
Neolithic Settlement.” A.Erkanal-Öktü et al. (eds.), Hayat
Erkanal'a Armağan. Kültürlerin Yansıması / Studies in
Honor of Hayat Erkanal. Cultural Reflections, 222-224.
Istanbul: Homer Kitabevi.
Çelik, B. 2006b
“A New Early Neolithic Settlement in Southeastern
Turkey: Sefer Tepe.” Neo-Lithics 1/6: 23–25.
Çelik, B. 2007
“Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle Balıklıgöl Höyüğü.” M. Özdo-
ğan and N. Başgelen (eds.), Anadolu'da Uygarlığın Do-
ğuşu ve Avrupa'ya Yayılımı, Türkiye'de Neolitik Dönem,
Yeni Kazılar, Yeni Bulgular, 165-278. Istanbul: Arkeoloji
ve Sanat Yayınları.
Çelik, B. 2010
“Hamzan Tepe in the Light of New Finds.” Documenta
Praehistorica 37: 257-268.
Çelik, B. 2011a
“Karahan Tepe: A New Cultural Centre in the Urfa Area
in Turkey.” Documenta Praehistorica 38: 241-253.
Çelik, B. 2011b
“A New Statue From Karahan Tepe.” H. Taşkıran, M.
Kartal, K. Özçelik, M.B. Kösem and G. Kartal (eds.), Işın
Yalçınkaya'ya Armağan / Studies in Honor of Işın
Yalçınkaya, 91-95. Ankara: Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları.
Çelik, B. 2011c
“Türkiye'nin Güneydoğusunda Yeni Bir Çanak Çömlek-
siz Neolitik Yerleşim: Taşlı Tepe / A New Pre-Pottery
Neolithic Settlement in Southeastern Turkey: Taşlı Tepe.”
Anadolu/Anatolia 37: 225-236.
Çelik, B. 2011d
“Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle” M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen and
P. Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New Exca-
vation and New Research, The Ephrate Basin, 139-164.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publication.
Dietrich, O. and K. Schmidt. 2010
“A Radiocarbon Date from the Wall Plaster of
Enclosure D of Göbekli Tepe.” Neo-Lithics 2/10: 82-83.
Hauptmann, H. 2000
“Ein frühneolithisches Kultbild aus Kommogene.” J.
Wagner (ed.), Gottkönige am Euphrat. Neue Ausgrabun-
genund Forschungen in Kommagene, 5-9. Mainz: Verlag
Philipp von Zapern.
23 Dietrich and Schmidt 2010: 82-83, fig. 1; Kromer and Schmidt
1998: 8-9.
24 Schmidt 2010: Fig. 2, Anlage F.
25 Pustovoytov et al. 2007: 836-838.
26 Many thanks to Dr. Utz Böhner and Prof. Dr. Ofer Bar-Yosef for
C-14 analyzes.
19 See. Watkins 2006: 71-85; 1990:343; Watkins et al. 1995: 3-7,
figs. 2.4, 2.10-13; Kozlowski and Aurenche 2005: 32, maps 12:
1-6. ; Sicher-Akman 2001: 389.
20 Çelik 2010: Figs. 3-4.
21 Schmidt 2010: Fig. 2, Anlage F.
22 Sicher-Akman 2001: 389-394; Stordeur and Ibanez 2008: 33-
85; Karul 2011: Figs. 4-5, 11; Özkaya 2011: Figs. 2-5;
Rosenberg 1999: Figs. 2, 6-8; 2011: Figs. 2-5.; Özdoğan 1999:
41-44, figs. 6-7, 9.
102 103
Bahattin Çelik Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis

such period in the section. Furthermore, the last three
C14 analyzes performed recently also did not produce
any earlier dates. However, the round architectural
building remnants revealed at the section may point out
the possibility that levels pertaining to the Epoch A of
the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period. This type of buildings
both with round plan and with terrazzo floorings only
appeared with the round cult buildings only discovered
at Level III of Göbekli Tepe and date to Epoch A of the
23
Pre-Pottery Neolithic period.
During the excavations recently performed at Gö-
bekli Tepe, a large round structure with terrazzo flooring
24
from Level II was unearthed. This structure dates back
25
to approximately 8600 BC. Therefore, by virtue of the
presence of this round structure with terrazzo flooring
discovered at Level II at Göbekli Tepe, it wouldn't be
wrong to indicate that the round buildings discovered at
Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle section are from around 8800
BC.
In conclusion, in the light of the recent C14 analyses
carried out with the charcoal samples collected from the
26
section , it is clearly understood that Şanlıurfa-Yeni
Mahalle settlement is first founded during Epoch B of
the Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period on the bedrock
for the flint stone tool find obtained from Yeni Mahalle
Höyüğü correlate with the C14 analyses results (Table
1). For this reason it's appropriate to date the settlement
to PPNB period.
References
Abbes, F. 1993
“Méthode d'approce de la variabilité du debitagé
laminaire, application à desarmatures perçantes de
Cheikh Hassan (Syrie. VIIIe millénaire BC).” Cahiers de
I'Euphrate 7: 119-150.
Bulgan, F. and B. Çelik 2011
“A New Statue From Gaziantep in Southeast Turkey /
Türkiye'nin Güneydoğusundaki Gaziantep'ten Yeni Bir
Heykel.” H. Taşkıran, M. Kartal, K. Özçelik, M.B. Kösem
and G. Kartal (eds.), Işın Yalçınkaya'ya Armağan Kitabı /
Studies in Honor of Işın Yalçınkaya, 85-90. Ankara:
Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları.
Cauvin, J. 1994
Naissance des divinitès, naissance de l'agriculture. La
révolution des symboles au Néolithique. Paris: Editions
The remnants of two round architectural buildings
were revealed at the section where the salvage
excavation was performed. Furthermore, terrazzo floor
coverings, which are understood as an architectural
element and part of such buildings were also
discovered (Fig. 4). Moreover, terrazzo floor covering
exam-ples that do not belong to any building were also
encoun-tered. Both the terrazzo floors and the round
buildings are building traditions prevalently
encountered at the region during Epi-Paleolithic and
19
Neolithic period.
The round building architecture present at Yeni
Mahalle section is a civilian structure, which is an archi-
tectural aspect presently not encountered at Urfa region
except for Göbekli Tepe and Hamzan Tepe. The round
architecture discovered at Hamzan Tepe pertains to a
20
civilian building. The round buildings discovered at
Göbekli Tepe, on the other hand, are characterized as
21
cult structures by the excavators. In general, Round
Buildings are an architectural tradition that appears at
Levant, Mesopotamia and Southeastern Anatolia
Region during Epoch A of the Pre-Pottery Neolithic
22
Period for the first time. The most striking aspect of the
round buildings at Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle section is
that the buildings have terrazzo coverings at their floors.
Two distinct dates came up as a result of the C14
analyzes conducted in year 2004 with the charcoal
samples collected from Yeni Mahalle section. One of
the dates falls around 11210±90 BC, which is
considered as the Terrazzo I epoch, and the other date
dates to 8690±100 BC, which is considered as the
Terrazzo II epoch. In particular, the date 11210 BC
appears to be a date that is adequate for the architectural
findings. The date 8690±100 BC, on the other hand, is a
date that is adequate for the small artifacts.
The section inside the Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle
Höyüğü pertaining to the Pre-Pottery Neolithic period
must date to 8830-8650 BC. The date 11210 BC is a
period that rather represents the Epi-Paleolithic period
in the region and no small artifacts are discovered from
Hauptmann, H. 2003
“Eine frühneolitische Kultfigur aus Urfa.” M. Özdogan,
H. Hauptmann and N.Başgelen (eds.), From Village to
Cities. Early Villages in the Near East 1, 622-636.
Istanbul: Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
Hauptmann, H. 2007
“Nevali Çori ve Urfa Bölgesinde Neolitik Dönem.” M.
Özdoğan and N. Başgelen (eds.), Anadolu'da Uygarlığın
Doğuşu ve Avrupa'ya Yayılımı. Türkiye'de Neolitik
Dönem, Yeni Kazılar, Yeni Bulgular, 131-164. Istanbul:
Arkeoloji ve Sanat Yayınları.
Hauptmann, H. 2011
“The Urfa Region.” M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen and P.
Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New Excava-
tions and New Research, The Euphrate Basin, 85-138.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publications.
Karul, N. 2011
“Gusir Höyük.” M.Özdoğan, N.Başgelen and P.
Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New
Excavation and New Research, The Tigris Basin, 1-17.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publication.
Kozlowski, S.K. and O. Aurenche 2005
Territories, Boundaries and Cultures in the Neolithic
Near East. BAR International Series 1362. Oxford:
Archaeopress.
Kromer, B. and Schmidt, K. 1998
“Two radiocarbon dates from Göbekli Tepe, South
Eastern Turkey." Neo-Lithics 3/98: 8-9.
Özdoğan, A. 1999
“Çayönü.” M. Özdoğan and N. Başgelen (eds.), Neolithic
in Turkey, The Cradle of Civilization, New Discoveries.
Text and Plates, 35-63. Istanbul. Arkeoloji ve Sanat
Yayınları.
Özkaya, V. and A. Coşkun 2011
“Körtik Tepe.” M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen and P. Kuni-
holm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New Excavation and
New Research. The Tigris Basin, 89-127. Istanbul:
Archaeology and Art Publication.
Pustovoytov, K., K. Schmidt and H. Parzinger 2007
“Radiocarbon dating of thin pedogenic carbonate laminae
from Holocene archaeological sites.” The Holocene 17/6:
835-843.
Rosenberg, M. 1999
“Hallan Çemi.” M.Özdoğan and N.Başgelen (eds.),
Neolithic in Turkey, The Cradle of Civilization, New
Discoveries. Text and Plates, 25-33. Istanbul: Arkeoloji
ve Sanat Yayınları.
Rosenberg, M. 2011
“Hallan Çemi.” M.Özdoğan, N.Başgelen and P.
Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New
Excavation and New Research. The Tigris Basin, 61-78.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publication.
Schmidt, K. 2010
“Göbekli Tepe. The Stone Age Sanctuaries. New Results
of Ongoing Excavations with a Special Focus on
Sculptures and High Reliefs.” Documenta Praehistorica
37: 239-256.
Sicher-Akman, M. 2001
“Die Rundhütte als Ursprung Zur Entwicklung erster
runder Hütten zum geregelten Rechteckbau.” R. M.
Boehmer and J. Maran (eds.). Lux orientis. Archaeologie
zwischen Asien und Europa, Festschrift für Harald
CNRS.
Çelik, B. 2000a
“An Early Neolithic Settlement in the Center of Şanlıurfa,
Turkey.” Neo-Lithics 2/3: 4-6.
Çelik, B. 2000b
“A New Early-Neolithic Settlement: Karahan Tepe.” Neo-
Lithics 2/3: 6-8.
Çelik, B. 2004
“A New Early-Neolithic Settlement: Hamzan Tepe.” Neo-
Lithics 2/4: 3-5.
Çelik, B. 2005
“A New Statue of the Early Pre-Pottery Neolithic Period
from Gaziantep, Southeastern Turkey.” Neo-Lithics,1/5:
28-29.
Çelik, B. 2006a
“A New Lower Paleolithic Open Air Station and Early
Neolithic Settlement.” A.Erkanal-Öktü et al. (eds.), Hayat
Erkanal'a Armağan. Kültürlerin Yansıması / Studies in
Honor of Hayat Erkanal. Cultural Reflections, 222-224.
Istanbul: Homer Kitabevi.
Çelik, B. 2006b
“A New Early Neolithic Settlement in Southeastern
Turkey: Sefer Tepe.” Neo-Lithics 1/6: 23–25.
Çelik, B. 2007
“Şanlıurfa-Yeni Mahalle Balıklıgöl Höyüğü.” M. Özdo-
ğan and N. Başgelen (eds.), Anadolu'da Uygarlığın Do-
ğuşu ve Avrupa'ya Yayılımı, Türkiye'de Neolitik Dönem,
Yeni Kazılar, Yeni Bulgular, 165-278. Istanbul: Arkeoloji
ve Sanat Yayınları.
Çelik, B. 2010
“Hamzan Tepe in the Light of New Finds.” Documenta
Praehistorica 37: 257-268.
Çelik, B. 2011a
“Karahan Tepe: A New Cultural Centre in the Urfa Area
in Turkey.” Documenta Praehistorica 38: 241-253.
Çelik, B. 2011b
“A New Statue From Karahan Tepe.” H. Taşkıran, M.
Kartal, K. Özçelik, M.B. Kösem and G. Kartal (eds.), Işın
Yalçınkaya'ya Armağan / Studies in Honor of Işın
Yalçınkaya, 91-95. Ankara: Bilgin Kültür Sanat Yayınları.
Çelik, B. 2011c
“Türkiye'nin Güneydoğusunda Yeni Bir Çanak Çömlek-
siz Neolitik Yerleşim: Taşlı Tepe / A New Pre-Pottery
Neolithic Settlement in Southeastern Turkey: Taşlı Tepe.”
Anadolu/Anatolia 37: 225-236.
Çelik, B. 2011d
“Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle” M. Özdoğan, N. Başgelen and
P. Kuniholm (eds.), The Neolithic in Turkey, New Exca-
vation and New Research, The Ephrate Basin, 139-164.
Istanbul: Archaeology and Art Publication.
Dietrich, O. and K. Schmidt. 2010
“A Radiocarbon Date from the Wall Plaster of
Enclosure D of Göbekli Tepe.” Neo-Lithics 2/10: 82-83.
Hauptmann, H. 2000
“Ein frühneolithisches Kultbild aus Kommogene.” J.
Wagner (ed.), Gottkönige am Euphrat. Neue Ausgrabun-
genund Forschungen in Kommagene, 5-9. Mainz: Verlag
Philipp von Zapern.
23 Dietrich and Schmidt 2010: 82-83, fig. 1; Kromer and Schmidt
1998: 8-9.
24 Schmidt 2010: Fig. 2, Anlage F.
25 Pustovoytov et al. 2007: 836-838.
26 Many thanks to Dr. Utz Böhner and Prof. Dr. Ofer Bar-Yosef for
C-14 analyzes.
19 See. Watkins 2006: 71-85; 1990:343; Watkins et al. 1995: 3-7,
figs. 2.4, 2.10-13; Kozlowski and Aurenche 2005: 32, maps 12:
1-6. ; Sicher-Akman 2001: 389.
20 Çelik 2010: Figs. 3-4.
21 Schmidt 2010: Fig. 2, Anlage F.
22 Sicher-Akman 2001: 389-394; Stordeur and Ibanez 2008: 33-
85; Karul 2011: Figs. 4-5, 11; Özkaya 2011: Figs. 2-5;
Rosenberg 1999: Figs. 2, 6-8; 2011: Figs. 2-5.; Özdoğan 1999:
41-44, figs. 6-7, 9.
102 103
Bahattin Çelik Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis

Watkins, T. 2006
“Neolithisation in southwest Asia-the path to modernity.”
Documenta Praehistorica 33: 71-88.
Watkins, T., A. Betts, K. Dobney and M. Nesbitt 1995
Qermez Dere, Tel Afar. Interim Report No.3. Project Paper
No.14, Department of Archaeology, University of
Edinburgh.
Hauptmann zum 65. Geburtstag, 389-394. Rahden:
Internationale Archäologie, Studia honoraria.
Stordeur, D. and J. J. Ibáñez. 2008
“Stratigraphie et Répartition des Architectures de
Mureybet.” J. J. Ibáñez (ed.), Le site néolithique de Tell
Mureybet (Syrie du Nord), En hommage à Jacques
Cauvin, BAR International Series 1843 (I), Volume I, 33-
94. Oxford: Archaeopress.
Watkins, T. 1990
“The Origins of the House and Home.” World
Archaeology 21/3: 336-347.
104 105
Bahattin Çelik Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis
Fig. 1: Urfa Citadel, Balıklıgöl and Yeni Mahalle view (photo. B. Çelik).
Fig. 2: Profile of Urfa-Yeni Mahalle (photo. B. Çelik).

Watkins, T. 2006
“Neolithisation in southwest Asia-the path to modernity.”
Documenta Praehistorica 33: 71-88.
Watkins, T., A. Betts, K. Dobney and M. Nesbitt 1995
Qermez Dere, Tel Afar. Interim Report No.3. Project Paper
No.14, Department of Archaeology, University of
Edinburgh.
Hauptmann zum 65. Geburtstag, 389-394. Rahden:
Internationale Archäologie, Studia honoraria.
Stordeur, D. and J. J. Ibáñez. 2008
“Stratigraphie et Répartition des Architectures de
Mureybet.” J. J. Ibáñez (ed.), Le site néolithique de Tell
Mureybet (Syrie du Nord), En hommage à Jacques
Cauvin, BAR International Series 1843 (I), Volume I, 33-
94. Oxford: Archaeopress.
Watkins, T. 1990
“The Origins of the House and Home.” World
Archaeology 21/3: 336-347.
104 105
Bahattin Çelik Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis
Fig. 1: Urfa Citadel, Balıklıgöl and Yeni Mahalle view (photo. B. Çelik).
Fig. 2: Profile of Urfa-Yeni Mahalle (photo. B. Çelik).

106 107
Bahattin Çelik Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis
Fig. 3. Urfa-Yeni Mahalle Statue (photo. G. Tan).
Fig. 4: Terazzo floor from above (photo. B. Çelik).
Map 1: Pre-Pottery Neolithic settlements.
Table 1: Urfa-Yeni Mahalle C14 dates.

106 107
Bahattin Çelik Şanlıurfa - Yeni Mahalle Höyüğü in the Light of Novel C14 Analysis
Fig. 3. Urfa-Yeni Mahalle Statue (photo. G. Tan).
Fig. 4: Terazzo floor from above (photo. B. Çelik).
Map 1: Pre-Pottery Neolithic settlements.
Table 1: Urfa-Yeni Mahalle C14 dates.