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The Life of Dorothy Tiffany Burlingham and the Pediatric Psychoanalysis

April 2016
Psychoanalysis 27(2):42-53

April 2016
27(2):42-53

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CC BY-NC 3.0

Kwangwoon University

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Original Article

Psychoanalysis 2016;27(2):42-53

The Life of Dorothy Tiffany Burlingham and

the Pediatric Psychoanalysis

Joo Hee Han,1 Sohyeon Yun,2 Sang Min Lee,3 Ram Hwangbo,4 Hyun Jin Jung,5 and Geon Ho Bahn6

1Ifamilylove Clinic, Seoul, Korea

2School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea

3Department of Psychiatry, Konyang University College of Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea

4Department of Psychiatry, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea

5Department of Psychiatry, Chuncheon National Hospital, Chuncheon, Korea

6Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Dorothy Tiffany Burlingham의 삶과 소아정신분석

가족사랑서울정신건강의학과의원,

경희대학교 의학전문대학원,

건양대학교 의과대학 건양대학교병원 정신건강의학교실,

경희대학교 대학원 정신건강의학과,

국립춘천병원 정신건강의학과,

경희대학교 의학전문대학원 정신건강의학교실

Dorothy Burlingham was born in October 1891 in New York. Her paternal grandfather, Charles Lewis Tiffany, was the founder

of Tiffany & Co., a New York jewelry company. Her father, Louis Comfort Tiffany, was a successful artist in the glass industry.

Dorothy’s relationship with her father was not stable. Her husband, Robert Burlingham, was an American physician who gradu-

ated from Harvard Medical School. Her husband was emotionally unstable which led to an intolerable situation in her marriage.

Because of this, in addition to the health and behavioral problems of her older son, Bob, Dorothy hired psychoanalyst, Anna

Freud, to treat Bob’s asthma and bad behaviors. Mrs. Burlingham and Ms. Freud became excellent partners in the area of child

psychoanalysis. They remained good friends for over 50 years. After World War II, Mrs. Burlingham became one of the found-

ers of Hampstead nursery. She published several academic papers on the psychoanalysis of blind children and twins. However,

she is relatively less known to the public compared to Ms. Freud. We reviewed herein two great women psychoanalysts from

the perspective of their friendship. We recounted the works and the impact of Mrs. Burlingham on pediatric psychoanalysis.

Psychoanalysis 2016;27(2):42-53

KEY WORDS: Dorothy Burlingham · Anna Freud · Child psychoanalysis · Blind · Tiffany.

Received: March 6, 2016 Revised: March 21, 2016 Accepted: March 21, 2016

Address for correspondence: Geon Ho Bahn, MD

Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, 23 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02447, Korea

Tel: +82-2-958-8556, Fax: +82-2-957-1997, E-mail: mompeian@khu.ac.kr

, Anna Freud

Spitz, Willie Hoffer, Heinz Hartmann, Wilhelm

Reich, Ernst Kris

, Helen Deutsch, Anny Ka

tan-Rosenberg, Beate Rank

(Bahn 2011).

Peter Blos, Erik Hom

Erik Erikson)

Jackson nursery

Dorothy Burl

Vaillant 1998).

Dorothy Burlingham

(Bahn 2011).

is is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative

Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecom-

mons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial

use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original

work is properly cited.

pISSN 1226-7503 / eISSN 2383-7624

http://dx.doi.org/10.18529/psychoanal.2016.27.2.42

JH Han, et al.

http://www.jkapa.org 43

. Anna Freud

Hamstead nursery

Hamstead Clinic

chael John Burlingham

(Burlingham 1989)

Dorothy Burlingham

Dorothy Burlingham(

(Bahn 2011).

(1891~1925):

Louis Comfort Tiffany

Annie Olivia Tiffany(1888~1892)

Louise Comfort Tiffany(1887~1974),

Julia de Forest Tiffany(1887~1973)

Harriet Tiffany,

Charles Lewis Tiffany

Hilda(1897~1908)

(Burlingham 1989).

Charles Lewis 2

Tiffany & Company

Julia de Forest

Dorothy Burlingham and Child Psychoanalysis

44 Psychoanalysis 2016;27(2):42-53

(Burlingham 1989).

Table 1. Bibliography of Dorothy Burlingham and Anna Freud before they had met

Year Dorothy Burlingham Age Anna Freud Age

1891 November; born in Lennox Hill Mansion,

New York, USA

1895 4 December 3; born in Vienna, Austria 0

1897 Death of grandmother, Harriet Tiffany 6 2

1901 Marriage of her brother Charles Lewis II with

1902 Death of grandfather, Charles Lewis Tiffany 10 6

1904 Death of mother, Louise Wakeman Knox 12 8

1905 Sister Comfort and Julia graduate Brearley school

Dorothy attends St. Timothy’s school

1908 Death of sister Hilda 16 12

1909 17 Starts child psychoanalysis (little Hans’ case by S. Freud) 13

1910 Graduate from St. Timothy’s school 18 14

1912 20 Graduates from Cottage lyceum 16

1914 September 14, marries to Dr. Robert Burlingham 22 Visits London to learn English

Passes the test for preliminary teacher course

1915 Birth of her rst son Robert (“Bob”) Burlingham Jr 23 Teacher training 19

1916 Illness of her husband, son, and father-in-law 24 Teacher training 20

1917 Birth her second child Mary Tiffany (“Mabbie”)

25 Teacher training

Works as a teacher at Cottage lyceum which is her

1918 Robert suffers from a second nervous breakdown 26 Participates in congress for the rst time

Sigmund Freud analyzes his daughter until 1922

1919 Birth of Katrina Ely (“Tinky”) Burlingham 27 Works as a teacher at Cottage lyceum 23

1920 Leaves Dr. Robert 28 Death of her sister Sophie by pneumonia 24

1921 Birth of Michael (“Mikey”) Burlingham 29 25

1923 31 Sigmund Freud gests a jaw cancer 27

1924 32 November; meets her friend, Eva Rosenfeld 28

1925 Leaves to Geneva

Meets Anna Freud in Vienna

33 Meets Dorothy Burlingham 29

JH Han, et al.

http://www.jkapa.org 45

Robert Burlingham(1888~1938)(

Charles Culp Burlingham(1858~1959)

Lawrence(1863~1937)

Charles Burlingham(1884~1979)

Anne Hoe Burl

ingham(1886~1974)(

Robert Burlingham Jr(

Louis Comfort Tiffany

lingham 1989).

(manic depressive

Mary Tiffany Burling

Ely Burlingham(1919

Michael Burlingham(

별거 후 생활 및 제네바로 떠남

Alfred de Forest

Dorothy Burlingham and Child Psychoanalysis

46 Psychoanalysis 2016;27(2):42-53

Sigmund Freud

Izette de Forest

Arthur Sweetser

(Burlingham 1989).

(1925~1979):

Anna Freud와의 만남

(Table 1). Anna

Sigmund Freud

Sigmund Freud

Theodor Reik

Burlinghams 가족의 정신분석

Dorothy Tiffany Burlingham

Sigmund Freud

Theodor Reik

Sigmund Freud

. Sigmund Freud

(hysterical or obsessive neurosis with fear)

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