Historical Collections of Amphibians and Reptiles from Brazil by WILHELM EHRHARDT, Deposited at the Zoological Museum of the University of Hamburg

Abstract

We provide an annotated catalogue of all specimens of amphibians and reptiles collected by WILHELM EHRHARDT in Brazil and held at the Zoological Museum of the University of Hamburg (ZMH). EHRHARDT lived and operated as animal collector and taxidermist in Brazil between 1897 and 1936, and supplied several museums with numerous and often rare zoological objects of various invertebrate and vertebrate groups. The herpetological collection of EHRHARDT at the ZMH comprises 867 specimens, representing 27 families with 95 species. All specimens have been examined and re-determined, respectively, and are now available. Most of these are in excellent condition and well labelled. This important material will contribute to historical and biogeographical studies of Brazilian herpetofauna.

Full text

ISSN 0072 9612
Hamburg, Dezember 2007
S. 175-194Mitt. hamb. zool. Mus. Inst. Band 104
Historical Collections of Amphibians and Reptiles from
Brazil by WILHELM EHRHARDT, Deposited at the
Zoological Museum of the University of Hamburg
ALEXANDER GUTSCHE
1
*, AXEL KWET
2
, CHRISTOPH KUCHARZEWSKI
3
&
J
AKOB HALLERMANN
4
1
* Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Department of Biology, Sensory Biology, Invalidenstrasse
43, 10115 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: Alexander-Gutsche@web.de.
2
Staatliches Museum für Naturkunde Stuttgart, Department of Zoology, Herpetology,
Rosenstein 1, 70191 Stuttgart, Germany. E-mail: kwet.smns@naturkundemuseum-bw.de.
3
Bernauer Strasse 35 A, 13507 Berlin, Germany. E-mail: C.Kucharzewski@gmx.de.
4
Universität Hamburg, Biozentrum Grindel und Zoologisches Museum, Martin-Luther-King
Platz 3, 20146 Hamburg, Germany. E-mail: hallermann@uni-hamburg.de.
*Corresponding author
ABSTRACT. – We provide an annotated catalogue of all specimens of amphibians and reptiles
collected by W
ILHELM EHRHARDT in Brazil and held at the Zoological Museum of the University
of Hamburg (ZMH). E
HRHARDT lived and operated as animal collector and taxidermist in Brazil
between 1897 and 1936, and supplied several museums with numerous and often rare zoological
objects of various invertebrate and vertebrate groups. The herpetological collection of
E
HRHARDT at the ZMH comprises 867 specimens, representing 27 families with 95 species. All
specimens have been examined and re-determined, respectively, and are now available. Most of
these are in excellent condition and well labelled. This important material will contribute to
historical and biogeographical studies of Brazilian herpetofauna.
KEYWORDS: Amphibia, Reptilia, Brazil, E
HRHARDT-collection, Hamburg, historical distribution.
Introduction
WILHELM EHRHARDT (1860 - ca. 1936) was a Guyana-born German animal collector,
traveller, pioneer settler, general dealer, craftsmen, and an excellent taxidermist. He operated
in Brazil between 1897 and about 1936, and lived in the German ‘Colonia Hansa Humboldt’
in the state of Santa Catharina, now Corupá, Santa Catarina. As yet, date and place of
EHRHARDT’s death are still unidentified. Based on last collection dates and documents,
GUTSCHE et al. (2007) suggested that he died around 1936 in Brazil.
E
HRHARDT supplied several museums and scientific institutions with numerous and,
in some cases, very rare zoological objects, such as invertebrates, fishes, amphibians
and reptiles, but also bird nests, skulls etc. Among them, he supplied several new types,
some of which were named after E
HRHARDT, e.g. the termite Nasutitermes ehrhardti

176 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
(HOLMGREN, 1910) and the catfish Corydoras ehrhardti STEINDACHNER, 1910. Despite
his valuable contributions to zoological science, only little information exists about his
life. A first biographical sketch was provided in GUTSCHE et al. (2007).
W
ILHELM EHRHARDT also lived and worked in Hamburg (not in Berlin, as
erroneously mentioned in H
ALLERMANN 2007) for many years, and supplied various
zoological items from Brazil to the Zoological Museum Hamburg (ZMH). Substantial
EHRHARDT-collections were donated by the Hamburg shipping company ‘Hamburg
Süd’ to the museum; as payment, EHRHARDT together with his wife received free
crossing between Hamburg and São Francisco do Sul, Brazil (PANNING 1958). Well-
known were his collection of two complete termite nests, with heights of up to 1.70 m
and weights of up to 800 kg (W
EIDNER 1967), both were impressive objects of the
museum exhibition illustrating the life of social insects.
Important parts of the ZMH collections were destroyed during World War II, in July
1943, among them also EHRHARDT‘s famous termite nests (LADIGES et al. 1968). Main
parts of the ‘alcohol collection’ (specimens stored in ethanol) luckily survived in a metro
tunnel (HALLERMANN 2007). However, since all catalogues and other documents from
that time in the herpetological department were destroyed during the bombing, it is
unknown how many of EHRHARDT’s specimens survived.
During our work in the herpetological collection of the ZMH in 2006 and 2007, we
detected a remarkable collection made by W. E
HRHARDT. Major parts of this material
were not included in the new collection catalogue and were therefore difficult to access.
We have examined, and if necessary, re-determined each E
HRHARDT-specimen. Among
them, we identified species which are very rare in German collections, such
as the Ocellated Treefrog (Itapotihyla langsdorffii), Humboldt’s Glass Frog
(Hyalinobatrachium uranoscopum), or Ehrhardt’s Snouted Treefrog (Aplastodiscus
ehrhardti); holotypes of the latter two species are held in the Zoologische Staats-
sammlung München (GLAW & FRANZEN 2006).
The herpetological collection of W. E
HRHARDT at the Zoological Museum Hamburg
currently comprises 867 specimens plus numerous eggs and embryos, representing 27
families with 95 species: Gymnophiona (1 family, 2 species), Anura (10 families, 36 species),
Testudines (1 families, 1 species), Amphisbaenia (1 family, 1 species), Sauria (10 families,
18 species), Serpentes (5 families, 35 species), Crocodylia (1 family, 2 species). All of
them are stored in ethanol, and are generally in very good condition (Fig. 1-4) and well
labelled. Some of the specimens were collected by the Hungary-born animal collector
C
ARL LAKO, who temporarily worked for EHRHARDT (GUTSCHE et al. 2007). The
systematic classification of the following catalogue is organised hierarchically down to
order or suborder, respectively, mainly following Z
UG et al. (2001), while the lower taxa
(family, genera, species, and subspecies) are arranged in alphabetical order.
Nomenclature in this catalogue follows FROST et al. (2006) for the amphibians and
follows the most recent literature available for the reptiles (see references). For every
adult or juvenile specimen the ZMH registration number is provided according to the
new collection catalogue (ZMH A: Amphibia, ZMH R: Reptilia), along with information
derived from the specimen or jar label. Eggs, embryos, or sometimes tadpoles displaying
the same data are registered under a series number. Localities are given in the historical

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Herpetological Collections by W
ILHELM EHRHARDT
spelling from the labels. English translations of frequently used localities are listed
below, translations of other locality names are given in brackets in the text. Further
corrections of spelling, changes in the diction of local names or current meanings are
listed in G
UTSCHE et al. (2007). When necessary, brief remarks are given on the condition
and status of the specimens, their taxonomy, systematics, and localities. The compilation
presented here is intended to contribute to historical and biogeographical studies of the
Brazilian herpetofauna, and to provide this material for future taxonomic revisions.
English translations of frequently used localities
Bezirk District
Flussgebiet des Itapocú River basin of the Itapocú
Humboldt-Gebiet Area of the Rio Humboldt or, in some cases, of the town Humboldt
Rio Novo-Gebiet Area of the Rio Novo
Süd-Brasilien South Brazil
Annotated list of Amphibians and Reptiles by W. EHRHARDT in the
Herpetological Collection of the Zoological Museum Hamburg
Amphibia
Gymnophiona
Caeciliidae
Chthonerpeton indistinctum (REINHARDT & LÜTKEN, 1862)
ZMH A00255: Von einem Sumpf nahe des Rio Itapocúsinho (Nebenfluss des Rio Itapocú)
[From a swamp near the Rio Itapocusínho (tributary of the Rio Itapocú)], Sta. Catharina,
Brasilien.
Luetkenotyphlus brasiliensis (LÜTKEN, 1851)
ZMH A00249–51: Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Süd-Brasilien.
Anura
Brachycephalidae
Eleutherodactylus binotatus (SPIX, 1824)
ZMH A08949: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (District Jaraguá), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08962: Joinville, Jaraguá-Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Eleutherodactylus cf. guentheri (STEINDACHNER, 1864)
ZMH A03360–61: Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09042, A09043: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09034: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (District Humboldt), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – These specimens may belong to E. guentheri, although this species is
stated to be morphologically very similar to its cryptic sibling species E. henselii
(P
ETERS, 1870) (KWET & SOLÉ 2005). Both species, E. guentheri and E. henselii are

178 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
found in north-eastern Santa Catarina and bioacoustic data are needed to take a final
decision about species identity.
Bufonidae
Chaunus abei (B
ALDISSERA, CARAMASCHI & HADDAD, 2004)
ZMH A08940–46: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (District Jaraguá), Brasilien;
ZMH A09004–15: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A08940–46 are six adults and one juvenile, ZMH
A09004–15 are 12 juveniles.
Chaunus ictericus (S
PIX, 1824)
ZMH A01038, A01061–64: Sta. Catharina, Itapocú (District Jaraguá), Brasilien;
ZMH A01065: Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Rhinella margaritifera (LAURENTI, 1768)
ZMH A08791: Canabouca (Município de Manacapurú), Paraná do Jacaré, Solimões, Amazonas,
Brasilien.
Centrolenidae
Hyalinobatrachium uranoscopum (M
ÜLLER, 1924)
ZMH A08773–75, A08776–77: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (Distrikt Humboldt), Sta. Catharina,
Brasilien.
Ceratophryidae
Ceratophrys aurita (R
ADDI, 1823)
ZMH A01392, A01393: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (District Humboldt), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01400–01: Joinville, Jaraguá, Rio Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimen ZMH A01401 (adult female) has an adult specimen of the
hylid frog Trachycephalus mesophaeus in its mouth (see Fig. 2). Ceratophrys aurita is
known predating on frogs, however, its not clear, if this is a valid prey record. It is also
possible, that this scenario was faked for effect, either in a terrarium while both
specimens were still alive, or after preparation.
Cycloramphidae
Cycloramphus bolitoglossus (WERNER, 1897)
ZMH A01745: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (Distrikt Jaraguá), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08793–95: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08796–8800, A08901: Humboldt-Fluss-Gebiet, am Fuße der Serra do Boi [River basin of
the Humboldt river, at the bottom of Serra do Boi], Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.

179
Herpetological Collections by W
ILHELM EHRHARDT
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A08796–8800 and A08901 are six adults including
11 lots with eggs of this species (each lot containing from 1-9 eggs).
Cycloramphus izecksohni HEYER, 1983
ZMH A08999–9002: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Proceratophrys boiei (WIED-NEUWIED, 1824)
ZMH A01645–52: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01658–63: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01664–68: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01669–70: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01672: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A01645–52 are two males, five females and one
juvenile.
Proceratophrys subguttata IZECKSOHN, CRUZ & PEIXOTO, 1999
ZMH A01674–78: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01679–83: nahe [near] Joinville, Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01684: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A01685–86: Humboldt, Bez.[irk] Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Fig. 1. Ceratophrys aurita (R
ADDI, 1823), ZMH A01401 (formerly ZMH 1537 part) from
Joinville, Rio Itapocú, Sta. Catarina, Brazil, with the hylid frog Trachycephalus mesophaeus
(H
ENSEL, 1867) in its mouth. Photo: A. KWET , digital processed by A. GUTSCHE.

180 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A01679–83 are two males, two females and one juvenile;
ZMH A01674–78 are two males and three juveniles; ZMH A01685–86 are two juveniles.
Hylidae
Aplastodiscus ehrhardti (MÜLLER, 1924)
ZMH A03662–67, A03659: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08963–64: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A03662–67 and A03659 are seven tadpoles.
Dendropsophus microps (PETERS, 1872)
ZMH A04267–68: An den Ufern des Itapocú [at the river banks of the Itapocú], Distrikt
Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09249–52: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Dendropsophus werneri (COCHRAN, 1952)
ZMH A08903–07, A08950–55: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09035–38: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Wassergräben bei [ditches at] Joinville, Sta. Catharina,
Brasilien;
ZMH A09039–41: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt Distrikt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Hypsiboas albomarginatus (SPIX, 1824)
ZMH A03563–65: Joinville, Colonie Hansa, Sta. Catharina;
ZMH A03566: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Hypsiboas bischoffi (BOULENGER, 1887)
ZMH A03569–71: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03595: Joinville, Colonie Hansa, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03658, A08722–29, A08731–33, A08735, A08738–41: Flussgebiet des Itapocú,
Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03675: Joinville, Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08976–77, A08956–57: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A08956–57 are two or recently metamorphosed
juveniles.
Hypsiboas faber (WIED-NEUWIED, 1821)
ZMH A03657, A03660–61, A08730, A08734, A08736–37: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt,
Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09294: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien;
ZMH A09295–96: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09297: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Distrikt Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09298–301: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Distrikt Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09302: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09304–06: Joinville, Colonie Hansa, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.

181
Herpetological Collections by W
ILHELM EHRHARDT
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A03657, A03660–61, A08730, A08734, and
A08736–37 are recently metamorphosed juveniles.
Hypsiboas semilineatus (SPIX, 1824)
ZMH A04289, A09048–56, A09067–68, A09071–74: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Distrikt
Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09057: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09060–62: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Distrikt Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien
ZMH A09069–70: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09078: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09253–93, A09075–77: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – Specimen numbers ZMH A04289 and ZMH A09253–93 are associated
with 77 and 41 recently metamorphosed juveniles, respectively.
Fig. 2. Itapotihyla langsdorffii (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1841), ZMH A08998 (formerly ZMH
2036) from Joinville, Sta. Catarina, Brazil. Photo: A. K
WET, digital processed by A. GUTSCHE.
Itapotihyla langsdorffii (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1841)
ZMH A08998: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien (Fig. 2).
Phyllomedusa distincta LUTZ, 1950
ZMH A03357: Joinville, Colonie Hansa, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03676: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08783: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08784–86: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.

182 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
Scinax cf. alter (LUTZ, 1973)
ZMH A03625–26: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03634, A03636, A03639–40: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt, Sta. Catarina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03645–47: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08748–51: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08752–55, A08971: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08765: Joinville, Jaraguá-Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – These specimens are allied to S. alter, but appear to represent a new
species clearly differing in morphology. Various authors agree that there is considerable
variation in coloration, size (LUTZ 1973; POMBAL et al. 1995a) and vocalisation (POMBAL
et al. 1995b) among different populations attributed to S. alter.
Scinax perereca POMBAL, HADDAD & KASAHARA, 1995
ZMH A03609–23: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03632–33, A03635, A03637–38: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina,
Brasilien;
ZMH A03642–44: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08763–66: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09044, A09045–47, A09058, A08970, A09016–17: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina,
Brasilien;
ZMH A09079: Joinville, Jaraguá-Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Scinax rizibilis (BOKERMANN, 1964)
ZMH A03624: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03596–98: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A03651–56: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08756–57: Flussgebiet d.[es] Itapocú, Distr.[ikt] Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08758–60: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Sphaenorhynchus surdus (COCHRAN, 1953)
ZMH A08966–68: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08969: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Trachycephalus mesophaeus (HENSEL, 1867)
ZMH A04279–82, A08908–25: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A04283–84: Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Süd-Brasilien;
ZMH A09307–61: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A08908–25 are 10 tadpoles and 18 recently
metamorphosed juveniles.
Trachycephalus venulosus (LAURENTI, 1768)
ZMH A04285: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.

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Herpetological Collections by W
ILHELM EHRHARDT
Hylodidae
Crossodactylus dispar L
UTZ, 1925
ZMH A08778–79: Rio Novo, Sta. Catharina, Humboldt, Brasilien;
ZMH A08780–82: Flussgebiet d.[es] Itapocú (District Jaraguá), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08787: Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08788–90: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08919–20, A09401–04: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH A09401–04 are three adults and one juvenile; ZMH
A08787 is a juvenile.
Hylodes perplicatus (MIRANDA-RIBEIRO, 1926)
ZMH A09018: Joinville, Jaraguá-Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09021: Itapocú, District Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09022–29, A09030–32: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimen ZMH A09021 is a juvenile; ZMH A09022–29 are two
adults and six tadpoles.
Leiuperidae
Physalaemus nanus (BOULENGER, 1888)
ZMH A08720: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08721: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Physalaemus olfersii (LICHTENSTEIN & MARTENS, 1856)
ZMH A08926–27: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08929, A08930–31: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Distr.[ikt] Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Leptodactylidae
Leptodactylus fuscus (S
CHNEIDER, 1799)
ZMH A08792: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Leptodactylus nanus MÜLLER, 1922
ZMH A01735–44, A01746–50: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – This taxon was treated as a junior synonym of L. marmoratus
(STEINDACHNER, 1867) (e.g., FROST et al. 2006), but based on bioacoustical data, it was
recently revalidated by KWET (2007).
Leptodactylus notoaktites H
EYER, 1978
ZMH A08761: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (District Humboldt), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08762–64: Rio Novo-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.

184 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
Leptodactylus ocellatus (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH A08991–94, A08996: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A08997: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, District Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH A09003: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Leptodactylus pentadactylus (LAURENTI, 1768)
ZMH A08973, A08974: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Microhylidae
Chiasmocleis leucosticta (BOULENGER, 1888)
ZMH A08718, A08719: Flussgebiet des Itapocú, Distrikt Jaraguá, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Reptilia
Testudines
Chelidae
Hydromedusa tectifera C
OPE, 1869
ZMH R01055: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R01058–64, R01065–70: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R01056–57: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (Distrikt Humboldt), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Crocodylia
Crocodylidae
Caiman crocodilus (L
INNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08657: Trop. S. Amer. [Tropisches Süd Amerika (Tropical South America)].
Remarks. – The specimen is a juvenile and consists of a skin with head.
Melanosuchus niger (SPIX, 1825)
ZMH R08658–59, R08660: Trop. S. Amer. [Tropisches Süd Amerika (Tropical South America)];
ZMH R08661–66: Süd-Amerika [South America].
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH R08658–59 are juveniles, ZMH R08660 is a juvenile
and consists of a skin with head, ZMH R08661–65 are newly hatched specimens, and
ZMH R08666 are five embryos in different development stages.
Squamata
Amphisbaenia
Amphisbaenidae
Leposternon microcephalum W
AGLER, 1824
ZMH R05959–62, R06014–29: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;

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ILHELM EHRHARDT
Fig. 3. Ophiodes fragilis (RADDI, 1820), ZMH R08814 (formerly ZMH 4612) from Joinville,
Sta. Catarina, Brazil. Photo: A. K
WET, digital processed by A. GUTSCHE.
ZMH R05968–71: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R05972–74: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (Distrikt Humboldt), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R05989–6004: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien.
Sauria
Anguidae
Ophiodes fragilis (R
ADDI, 1820)
ZMH R08814: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – Ophiodes fragilis (Fig. 3) has been considered a synonym of O. striatus
SPIX, 1824 for a long time (e.g. PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970). However, based on a
recent systematic revision of the genus by BORGES-MARTINS (pers. comm.), the species
name O. fragilis has been revalidated. According to this author, O. fragilis is widely
distributed in eastern Brazil, in coastal regions from southern Bahia (Mucuri) to Rio
Grande do Sul (Tramandaí), and westwards to Minas Gerais, Mato Grosso do Sul, São
Paulo, Paraná, Santa Catarina and Rio Grande do Sul.
Gekkonidae
Thecadactylus rapicauda (H
OUTTUYN, 1782)
ZMH R08713, R08714–17: Caldeirão (Marajó), Brasilien.

186 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
Gymnophthalmidae
Bachia flavescens (B
ONNATERRE, 1789)
ZMH R08705: Caldeirão (Marajó), Brasilien.
Cercosaura ocellata ocellata WAGLER, 1830
ZMH R03365–66, R08147: Caldeirão (Marajó), Brasilien.
Remarks. – The catalogue also lists the EHRHARDT-specimen ZMH R03364, which,
in 1989, was exchanged to the Museum für Tierkunde Dresden (now MTD 30146).
Colobosaura modesta (REINHARDT & LÜTKEN, 1862)
ZMH R08149–50: Caldeirão (Marajó), Brasilien.
Placosoma glabella (PETERS, 1870)
ZMH R08720–23: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet (Flussgebiet des Itapocú), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08747: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien.
Iguanidae
Iguana iguana iguana (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08670: Ayapua, Rio Purus, Solimões, Brasilien;
ZMH R08671–72: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien;
ZMH R08673–75: Manacapurú, Amazonas, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens are subadults and juveniles; ZMH R08670 leg. K. [CARL]
LAKO.
Leiosauridae
Enyalius iheringii BOULENGER, 1885
ZMH R00039–43: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (District Jaragua), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R00052–56, R08694–97: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet (Flussgebiet des Itapocú), Sta. Catharina,
Brasilien;
ZMH R00057–64: Brasilien, Prov.[inz] Sta. Catharina, Bez.[irk] Joinville, Ort Humboldt [Brazil,
state of Sta. Catharina, district Joinville, Humboldt town];
ZMH R08689–92: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08693: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08712: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien (Fig. 4).
Polychrotidae
Norops fuscoauratus (D’O
RBIGNY in DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1837)
ZMH R08711: Caldeirão (Marajó), Brasilien.

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Polychrus liogaster BOULENGER, 1908
ZMH R08698–700, R08706–10: Ayapua, Rio Purus, Solimões, Brasilien.
Remarks. – ZMH R08706–10 leg. K. [CARL] LAKO.
Scincidae
Mabuya nigropunctata (S
PIX, 1825)
ZMH R08736, R08737–40, R08742–46: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The species was often erroneously confused with Mabuya bistriata
(SPIX, 1825). However, the characters of the specimens analysed here are identical to
those given for M. nigropunctata in AVILA-PIRES (1995) and DE MASSARY et al. (2000).
The specimens ZMH R08742–46 are adults and juveniles; the specimen ZMH R08737
(adult female) has three fully developed embryos in its opened abdominal cavity.
Sphaerodactylidae
Gonatodes humeralis (G
UICHENOT, 1855)
ZMH R08520–21: Manacapurú a.[m (at the)] Solimões, Amazonas, Brasilien;
ZMH R08609–13: Manacapurú, Amazonas, Brasilien.
Fig. 4. Enyalius iheringii B
OULENGER, 1885, ZMH R08712 (formerly ZMH 4593) from
Corupá, Sta. Catarina, Brazil. Photo: A. K
WET, digital processed by A. GUTSCHE.

188 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
Remarks. – A new paper provided by GAMBLE et al. (2007) raises the
Sphaerodactylidae to full familial status and Gonatodes has been placed in this family.
Teiidae
Ameiva ameiva (L
INNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08718–19: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien;
ZMH R08724–35: Manacapurú, Amazonas, Brasilien.
Crocodilurus amazonicus DAUDIN, 1802
ZMH R08676: Amazonas, Brasilien;
ZMH R08677–78: Manacapurú, Amazonas, Brasilien;
ZMH R08679–82: Ayapua, Rio Purus, Solimões, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The previous name of this taxon was C. amazonicus SPIX, 1825, and
considered a synonym of C. lacertinus (DAUDIN, 1802). However, a systematic revision
of the types and the original descriptions by DE MASSARY & HOOGMOED (2001)
demonstrated that the valid name for this taxon must be C. amazonicus DAUDIN, 1802
(see DE MASSARY & HOOGMOED [2001] for more details). ZMH R08676 leg. K. [CARL]
L
AKO.
Kentropyx calcarata S
PIX, 1825
ZMH R00750–51: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Tropiduridae
Plica umbra ochrocollaris (SPIX, 1825)
ZMH R08701–04: Manacapurú, Amazonas, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens were collected in an area which is considered as possible
contact zone between the subspecies P. u. umbra and P. u. ochrocollaris. However, the
characters of the specimens analysed here are within the range given for P. u.
ochrocollaris in A
VILA-PIRES (1995).
Uracentron azureum azureum (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R00031: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Uranoscodon superciliosus (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08683–84: Ayapua, Rio Purus, Solimões, Amaz.[onas], Brasilien;
ZMH R08686–87: Lago do Arara, Solimões, Amaz.[onas], Brasilien;
ZMH R08687–88: Manacapurú, Solimões, Amazonas, Brasilien.

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Serpentes
Anomalepidae
Typhlophis squamosus (S
CHLEGEL, 1839)
ZMH R08653: Manacapurú, Brasilien.
Aniliidae
Anilius scytale (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08758: Manacapurú, Brasilien.
Colubridae
Chironius exoletus (L
INNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R00675: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien;
ZMH R00699–701: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Chironius flavolineatus (BOETTGER, 1885)
ZMH R00674: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Chironius laevicollis (WIED-NEUWIED, 1824)
ZMH R00673: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien;
ZMH R00697–98: Humboldt, Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Chironius scurrulus (WAGLER, 1824)
ZMH R00668: Brasilien, Südamerika.
Clelia plumbea (WIED-NEUWIED, 1920)
ZMH R08800–01: Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08802–03: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08804: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien.
Dipsas albifrons (SAUVAGE, 1884)
ZMH R08796: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Dipsas alternans (FISCHER, 1885)
ZMH R08797: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Dipsas catesbyi (SENTZEN, 1796)
ZMH R08812: Manacapurú, Amazonas, Brasilien.
Dipsas pavonina SCHLEGEL, 1837
ZMH R08638: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.

190 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
Imantodes cenchoa cenchoa (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08639: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08798: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Echinanthera cyanopleura (COPE, 1885)
ZMH R08777–78: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08779: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Echinanthera undulata (WIED-NEUWIED, 1824)
ZMH R08783–85, R08817: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimen ZMH R08817 is a juvenile.
Helicops carinicaudus (W
IED-NEUWIED, 1825)
ZMH R04337: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Hydrops martii (WAGLER, 1824)
ZMH R08799: Manacapurú, Amazonas, Brasilien.
Liophis miliaris orinus (GRIFFIN, 1916)
ZMH R08636–37: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet, Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08635: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08631–34, R08667–68, R08669: Joinville, Humboldt, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH R08631–34 are hatchlings, ZMH R08667–68 are two
hatchlings plus six eggshells, and ZMH R08669 is a embryo in its egg plus four
unfertilised eggs.
Liophis taeniogaster JAN, 1863
ZMH R08641: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien;
ZMH R08642: Marajó, Brasilien.
Remarks. – DIXON (1983) and FERNANDES et al. (2002) stated that specimens of the
Liophis cobella group from Ilha de Marajó are referable to L. cobella taeniogaster or
L. taeniogaster, respectively. The diagnostic characters of ZMH R08641 (156 ventrals,
56 subcaudals, 46 black ventral bands) and of ZMH R08642 (159 ventrals, 58 subcaudals;
black bands were not countable, because of the rather marbled belly) are within the
range of L. taeniogaster, but distinctly above the character averages. We herein follow
F
ERNANDES et al. (2002) in recognising L. taeniogaster as a full species.
Mastigodryas boddaerti boddaerti (S
ENTZEN, 1796)
ZMH R08264–65: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien;
ZMH R08289: Manacapurú, Rio Solimões, Amazonas, Brasilien.

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Oxybelis aeneus (WAGLER, 1824)
ZMH R08805–06: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Oxyrhopus clathratus DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL, 1854
ZMH R08810–11: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Sibynomorphus neuwiedi (IHERING, 1911)
ZMH R08788–89: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien;
ZMH R08790–91: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08792–95, R08787: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Spilotes pullatus (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08643–44: Humboldt, Bez.[irk] Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – Specimens from south-eastern Brazil between Bahía and Rio Grande do
Sul are also referred to as S. pullatus anomalepis BOCOURT, 1888 (fide AMARAL 1929).
However, since the subspecific status of Spilotes ssp. has been discussed by several
authors (e.g. GIRAUDO 2001), we only give the species name.
Taeniophallus affinis (GÜNTHER, 1858)
ZMH R08781: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien.
Taeniophallus bilineatus (FISCHER, 1885)
ZMH R08780: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08786: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Tantilla melanocephala (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R08782, R08815–16: Manacapurú, Solimões, Amazonas, Brasilien.
Thamnodynastes sp. 1
ZMH R08640: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The characters of the specimen ZMH R08640 are identical to those of an
undescribed species given in F
RANCO & FERREIRA (2002). It only differs, however, from
Thamnodynastes sp. 1 by having 84 subcaudals vs. 60-80 subcaudals.
Tropidodryas serra (SCHLEGEL, 1837)
ZMH R08807–09: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien.
Xenodon neuwiedii GÜNTHER, 1863
ZMH R08760–63: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08764–66: Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;

192 A. GUTSCHE, A. KWET , CH. KUCHARZEWSKI & J. HALLERMANN
ZMH R08767: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08759, R08768–76: Flussgebiet des Itapocú (District Humboldt), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens ZMH R08759 are embryos in different developmental
stages; ZMH R08768–76 are hatchlings plus their eggshells.
Elapidae
Micrurus corallinus (MERREM, 1820)
ZMH R08645–49: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien;
ZMH R08650–52, R08756: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08749–50: Joinville, Humboldt-Gebiet, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R08751: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet (Flussgebiet des Itapocú), Brasilien;
ZMH R08752–55: Joinville, Humboldt, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimen ZMH R08751 contained a caecilian of the species
Lutkenotyphlus brasiliensis in its opened stomach, which is a new prey record for the
species (KLEINTEICH et al. in press.).
Micrurus filiformis (GÜNTHER, 1859)
ZMH R08757: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Viperidae
Bothrops atrox (LINNAEUS, 1758)
ZMH R06633–34: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
Bothrops jararaca (WIED-NEUWIED, 1824)
ZMH R06627, R06629–30: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet (Flussgebiet des Itapocú), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R06644–45, R06667: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R06659–60, R06662–64: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien.
Bothrops jararacussu LACERDA, 1884
ZMH R06628: Rio Humboldt-Gebiet (Flussgebiet des Itapocú), Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R06643, R06668: Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien;
ZMH R06661: Humboldt, Süd-Brasilien.
Crotalus durissus marajoensis HOGE, 1966
ZMH R08655–56: Caldeirão, Marajó, Brasilien.
‘’Lachesis muta’’ (LINNAEUS, 1766)
ZMH R08748, R08654: Humboldt, Bezirk Joinville, Sta. Catharina, Brasilien.
Remarks. – The specimens are embryos in very early stages, therefore, a detailed
species determination is not possible. The specimens were probably labelled as L. muta

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Herpetological Collections by W
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by W. EHRHARDT. However, it seems implausible that they belong to L. muta but rather
to Bothrops sp., because the southernmost range of the genus Lachesis is the state of
Rio de Janeiro (see FERNANDES et al. 2004), about 530 km north of Sta. Catarina.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS. We thank AARON M. BAUER, Villanova, USA, and ANDREAS
SCHLÜTER, Stuttgart, Germany, for critically reviewing this manuscript and for their helpful
comments.
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Received: 16 August 2007; accepted: 31 October 2007.