Phototherapy is an effective treatment option for a variety of skin disorders including psoriasis, photodermatoses, cutaneous T cell lymphoma, atopic dermatitis, vitiligo, and a number of sclerosing skin disorders. A variety of light sources can be used, either as a sole modality or in combination with sensitizing drugs, and treatments can be designed to address localized or diffuse skin
... [Show full abstract] conditions. Various types of light produce unique responses based on light energy/intensity and depth of penetration. The mechanisms by which various phototherapies impact target tissues are complex and it is clear that host immune responses play a key role in these processes.
Immunosuppressed patients present a number of unique challenges when phototherapies are employed. Given the fact that phototherapies mediate their effects via immune modulation, immunosuppression can alter both response and morbidity profiles. As such, treatment programs for immunosuppressed patients must be tailored and employed cautiously. Both acute and chronic morbidity profiles can vary considerably in immunosuppressed patients, and close clinical monitoring is essential during treatment. Long term follow up is often necessary. Most types of phototherapy are associated with a significant long-term risk of iatrogenic skin cancer in immunosuppressed patients. Absolute and relative contraindications must be carefully considered when immunosuppressed patients are being evaluated for phototherapy.