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Effect of Midazolam Premedication on Postanesthetic Recovery and Postanesthetic Recovery Room Discharge Time for Outpatient Surgery
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Midazolam is often used as an anxiolytic premedication before surgery. But preoperatively administered midazolam may contribute to postopertive sedation and delayed recovery from general anesthesia. This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of midazolam premedication on postoperative recovery and discharge-readiness after brief outpatient surgery.
METHODS: Sixty healthy ASA physical status I women scheduled for outpatient diagnostic laparoscopic surgery were considered for the study. They were randomly allocated to one of two groups. Group one received normal saline (N/S) 5 ml intravenously (IV), while group two received IV midazolam 0.04 mg/kg. The study drug was prepared in 5 ml of saline and administered 10 minutes before the induction of general anesthesia. General anesthesia was induced with fentanyl, propofol and vecuronium and was maintained with N2O and enflurane. Postanesthetic recovery (PAR) scores were recorded after the arrival of the patients in the postanesthetic recovery room. Sedation was quantified before and after premedication and 60, 120 minutes after arriving in the postanesthetic recovery room, using the symbol-digit-modalities test (SDMT) and trail-making test (TMT).
RESULTS: There were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to age, weight and anesthesia time. There were no significant differences in PAR scores or PAR-stay time between two groups. SDMT and TMT scores were significantly different 5 minutes after the study's drug administration, and 60 minutes after arrival in the postanesthetic recovery room between the two groups. The incidence of side effects was similar in both groups.
CONCLUSIONS: Midazolam premedication proved effective in sedation and anxiolysis without prolonging postanesthetic recovery and discharge times for outpatient general anesthesia.
Baivumebo iron ore is special magnetite containing fluorine, kalium and sodium elements, and the main raw material for ironmaking of Baotou Iron and Steel (Group) Co. The effects of basicity and ratio of Al2O3 to SiO2 (A/S) on the formation of silico-ferrite of calcium and aluminium (SFCA) in Baivumebo low silica sinters were studied by means of mini-sintering, XPF-500 optical mineralogical microscope and CSS-88000 electronic universal testing machine. The results show that it is beneficial to the formation of complex calcium ferrite to enhance the basicity of Baivumebo low silica sinters. The acicular SFCA-I was increased with the enhancing basicity and reached the peak at basicity 2.8, then the columnar or platy SFCA formed and the bonding strength decreased. Alumina is beneficial to the formation of acicular complex calcium ferrite in Baivumebo low silica sinters. But the residual unfused Al2O3 reagent came into being when A/S was 0.35, while complex calcium ferrite still remained to be acicular. There is a common rule about mineralogy components affected by basicity and ratio of A/S, that is, SFCA is increasing accompanied with hematite and porosity reduced, but the content of glass phase is stable.
This study was designed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of midazolam premedication administered by a jet-injector in pediatric patients.
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