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Studies on Carboniferous ammonoids: Parts 1-4
... In the same paper, he estab-lished the family Somoholitidae Ruzhencev, which included three genera representing three successive evolutionary stages: Somoholites Ruzhencev, 1938, Preshumardites Plummer et Scott, 1937, and Neoshumardites Ruzhencev, 1936 In the first description, only two species were included in the genus: the type species, Somoholites beluensis (Haniel) and S. shikhanensis Ruzhencev, 1938(Ruzhencev, 1938. The type species Gastrioceras beluense was previously considered by Ruzhencev (1936) as a member of the genus Eoasianites, and other authors also referred it to it (Miller and Furnish, 1940;Miller et al., 1957). Ruzhencev (1940) criticized the taxonomic views of his American colleagues, who did not recognize the genera Glaphyrites Ruzhencev, 1936, Neoglaphyrites Ruzhencev, 1938, and Somoholites Ruzhencev, 1938, as well as Preshumardites Plummer et Scott, 1937, and assigned them to the same genus Eoasianites. ...
... In 1960, Ruzhencev included in the family the genus Owenoceras Miller et Furnish, 1940, the same composition is also cited in (Ruzhencev et al., 1962). ...
... The only well-preserved specimen of S. merriami from Oregon (USA) is the holotype. According to the authors of the species (Miller and Furnish, 1940), its age is Late Carboniferous-Early Permian. According to Saunders (1971, p. 109), who studied additional poorly preserved material from the Atoka Formation of Oklahoma, all these specimens belong to the same species. ...
... Conodonts were recovered from SSR units 2-16, but SSR unit 8 produced the most abundant and diverse assemblage. Pa conodont elements recovered from the D. thalassoide Ammonoid Biozone include: Adetognathus unicornis (Rexroad and Burton, 1961), Gnathodus bilineatus bilineatus (Roundy, 1926) (Bisat, 1924), Proshumardites karpinskii Rauser-Tschernoussova, 1928, Somoholites cf. S. merriami (Miller and Furnish, 1940b), Eosyngastrioceras inexpectans Titus, 2000 and an indeterminate dimorphoceratid appears in unit SSR 18 of the trench and ranges through the remainder of the exposed shale section, a total of approximately 15 m (Fig. 3). The presence of I. subglobosum in the NTS assemblage allows recognition of the western European I. subglobosum Ammonoid Biozone and facilitates direct intercontinental correlation (Figs. 5, 6). ...
... Subfamily SOMOHOLITINAE Ruzhencev, 1938 Genus SOMOHOLITES Ruzhencev, 1938 SOMOHOLITES cf. S. MERRIAMI (Miller and Furnish, 1940b) Figures 4.15, 4.17-4.19, 12.2-12.3, ...
The Scotty Wash Formation on the Nevada Test Site (NTS), southern Nye County, Nevada has produced the first North American representatives of the globally significant index ammonoids Homoceras s.s. and Isohomoceras s.s. and contains the only ammonoid succession across an uninterrupted mid-Carboniferous boundary sequence known in North America. Four ammonoid assemblages can be recognized at NTS that are homotaxial with the reference successions for the middle and upper Arnsbergian (E2) and Chokierian (H1) Stages, Namurian Series, in western Europe, and their equivalents worldwide. The upper Mississippian (Chesterian) portions of the NTS sections yield assemblages referable to a Eumorphoceras girtyi Ammonoid Biozone, representing the middle Arnsbergian Stage (E2b), followed by a Delepinoceras thalassoide Ammonoid Biozone, equivalent to the upper Arnsbergian Stage (E2c). The latter ammonoid biozone also occurs in the Imo and Rhoda Creek Formations of Arkansas and Oklahoma, requiring reassignment of those formations to the upper Arnsbergian Stage (E2c). The appearance of the Isohomoceras subglobosum Ammonoid Biozone marks the base of the Chokierian Stage (H1a) at NTS. The zonal name-bearer continues into lower Pennsylvanian (Morrowan) strata, where it joins the Homoceras coronatum coronatum Ammonoid Biozone assemblage in an interval equivalent to the upper Chokerian Series (H1b). A pronounced unconformity at NTS separates the Scotty Wash Formation from the overlying Tippipah Limestone, which contains a fifth ammonoid assemblage characterized by Cancelloceras cf. C. elegans that is equivalent to the Yeadonian Stage (G1), Namurian Series, of western Europe. The conodont succession recovered from the ammonoid-bearing sections at NTS allows refined correlation of the Arnsbergian and Chokierian Stages with the Mid-Carboniferous Global Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) at nearby Arrow Canyon, Nevada, and the North American midcontinent. The Lower Rhachistognathus muricatus Conodont Biozone of western North America is equivalent to the upper Arnsbergian Stage (E2c), and must include the upper portion of the Adetognathus unicornis Conodont Biozone as recognized in the midcontinent. The Upper R. muricatus Conodont Biozone is equivalent to that portion of the Chokierian Stage (H1a) below the appearance of Declinognathodus noduliferus, marking the mid-Carboniferous boundary horizon, including some of the R. primus Conodont Biozone as used in the North American midcontinent. The intercontinental mid-Carboniferous boundary, drawn at the appearance of D. noduliferus, does not correspond to the Arnsbergian-Chokierian Stage boundary (E2c-H1a) that is defined by the appearance of Isohomoceras subglobosum. A significant break occurs in the Arrow Canyon GSSP less than 4 m above the position of the mid-Carboniferous boundary, where Chokerian strata (H1) are probably succeeded by Kinderscoutian strata (R1). Higher at Arrow Canyon, the position of the Scotty Wash-Tippipah unconformity juxtaposes Kinderscoutian and Yeadonian (G1) strata and the entire upper Namurian Series is limited to no more than 54 m. Comparison of Eurasian and North American ammonoid assemblage compositions suggests that at least intermittent faunal interchange persisted between the two regions until at least the close of the Chokierian. Definition of the Mississippian-Pennsylvanian boundary, which has never been defined faunally in either type area, to correspond to the intercontinental mid-Carboniferous boundary would be compatible with relationships known in the Chesterian and Morrowan type areas. Taxonomic treatment of the Chokierian ammonoid assemblage from Syncline Ridge, NTS provided herein includes Proshumardites karpinskii Rauser-Tschernoussova, 1928; Eosyngastrioceras inexpectans Titus, 2000; Somoholites cf. S. merriami (Miller and Furnish, 1940b); Euroceras ellipsoidale Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya, 1971a; Isohomoceras subglobosum (Bisat, 1924); Homoceras diadema (Beyrich, 1837); H. coronatum coronatum (Haug, 1898); and H. leedomi new species.
... Outside Western Europe, the ammonoid stratigraphy of this interval is considerably less refined. Ammonoids of this age are recorded in the United States (Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Nevada, Utah, Alaska) (Miller and Furnish 1940a;Gordon 1957;Korn and Titus 2011;Titus et al. 2015 see for further references). In Nevada and Utah, this interval was subdivided based on species of Girtyoceras and Goniatites (Calygirtyoceras confusionense-Calygirtyoceras arcticum-Girtyoceras primum-Girtyoceras gordoni-Goniatites deceptus-Goniatites eganensis-Goniatites multiliratus biozones) (Korn and Titus 2011). ...
Considerable progress has been made by international teams in refining the traditional ammonoid zonation that remains the backbone of Carboniferous stratigraphy. The Carboniferous ammonoid genozones, with a few gaps, are now recognized throughout the entire system in most successions worldwide. Refined collecting and documentation of occurrences in Western Europe, North Africa, the Urals, China, and North America, aimed to establish the first evolutionary occurrences, and facilitated correlation with foraminiferal and conodont scales for most of the Carboniferous. From ten to eleven ammonoid genozones are now recognized in the Mississippian, and eight to nine genozones in the Pennsylvanian. Of these, the established lower boundaries of the subsystems are reasonably well correlated with the ammonoid zonation, whereas correlations with the ratified foraminiferal-based lower boundary of the Viséan and other stage boundaries, currently under discussion, need further research. Future success in the ammonoid geochronology will also depend on accurate identification and re-illustration of the type material, including material described by pioneers of ammonoid biostratigraphy.
... Family Medlicottiidae KARPINSKY, 1889 Subfamily Uddenitinae Miller et Furnish, 1940 Genus Prouddenites Miller, 1930 Prouddenites evolutus Kutygin, sp. nov. ...
Representatives of the family Medlicottiidae (Ammonoidea) from the Permian of the Verkhoyansk Region are revised. Medlicottiids in the region are represented only by the subfamily Uddenitinae and are only known from four stratigraphic levels in the Lower Permian. Prouddenites evolutus sp. nov., representing the terminal phase of the morphogenetic development of the genus Prouddenites is found near the base of the Asselian (lower part of the Khorokyt Formation). A fragment of the body chamber of a representative of the Uddenitinae with no certain generic affinity was found in the Uraloceras subsimense Beds of the Sakmarian Stage (Lower Echij Subformation). Representatives of the species Neouddenites echiensis sp. nov., the most primitive known Neouddenites species, were found in the Upper Echij Subformation of the Artinskian Stage. Most medlicottiid occurrences (Neouddenites andrianovi Ruzhencev, 1961) were from the lower part of the Tumarian Regional Stage (Orol Formation) of the Kungurian Stage. The origin of the genus Neouddenites from Prouddenites is suggested. Two new species of Medlicottiidae (P. evolutus and N. echiensis) are described.
... Range reconstructions relied on the occurrence records of specimens derived from a comprehensive consideration of the entire taxonomic literature on the taxa studied. In particular, the following publications were utilized: Cox (1857), Swallow (1858), McChesney (1860), Meek & Worthen (1860), Meek & Worthen (1870), White & St. John (1867) Smith (1903), Girty (1911), Girty (1915), Mather (1915Mather ( ) Böse (1919, Böse (1920), Miller (1930), Sayre (1930), Miller, Dunbar & Condra (1933), Miller & Cline (1934), Miller & Owen (1934), Miller & Owen (1937), Miller & Owen (1939), Foerste (1936), Miller & Thomas (1936), Newell (1936), Plummer & Scott (1937), Elias (1938a), Elias (1938b), Miller & Moore (1938), Smith (1938), Miller & Furnish (1940a), Miller & Furnish (1940b), Miller & Furnish (1957), Teichert (1940), Clifton (1942), Miller & Unklesbay (1942), Young (1942), Sturgeon (1946), Miller, Lane & Unklesbay (1947), Miller & Downs (1948); Miller & Downs (1950), Miller & Youngquist (1947), Miller & Youngquist (1949), Miller, Youngquist & Nielsen (1952), Kummel (1953), Kummel (1963), Ruzhentsev & Shimanskiy (1954), Unklesbay (1954), Arkell et al. (1957), Unklesbay & Palmer (1958), Hoare (1961), Furnish, Glenister & Hansman (1962), McCaleb (1963), Gordon (1964), Miller & Breed (1964), Teichert et al. (1964), Furnish & Glenister (1971), Ruzhentsev & Bogoslovskaya (1971), Nassichuk (1975), Sturgeon et al. (1982), Hewitt et al. (1989), Boardman II et al. (1994), Kues (1995), White & Skorina (1999), Kröger & Mapes (2005), Furnish et al. (2009), andNiko & Mapes (2009) as well as from examination of all specimens, including types, housed in: the Division of Invertebrate Paleontology, Biodiversity Institute, University of Kansas (KUMIP); the University of Iowa Paleontology Repository (UI); and the Yale University Peabody Museum of Natural History (YPM). These institutions are among the most complete repositories of cephalopod diversity from this region and time and contain many of the type specimens of the species examined. ...
Geographic range is an important macroevolutionary parameter frequently considered in paleontological studies as species' distributions and range sizes are determined by a variety of biotic and abiotic factors well known to affect the differential birth and death of species. Thus, considering how distributions and range sizes fluctuate over time can provide important insight into evolutionary dynamics. This study uses Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and analyses of evolutionary rates to examine how in some species within the Cephalopoda, an important pelagic clade, geographic range size and rates of speciation and extinction changed throughout the Pennsylvanian and early Permian in the North American Midcontinent Sea. This period is particularly interesting for biogeographic and evolutionary studies because it is characterized by repetitive interglacial-glacial cycles, a global transition from an icehouse to a greenhouse climate during the Late Paleozoic Ice Age, and decelerated macroevolutionary dynamics, i.e. low speciation and extinction rates. The analyses presented herein indicate that cephalopod species diversity was not completely static and actually fluctuated throughout the Pennsylvanian and early Permian, matching findings from other studies. However, contrary to some other studies, the mean geographic ranges of cephalopod species did not change significantly through time, despite numerous climate oscillations; further, geographic range size did not correlate with rates of speciation and extinction. These results suggest that pelagic organisms may have responded differently to late Paleozoic climate changes than benthic organisms, although additional consideration of this issue is needed. Finally, these results indicate that, at least in the case of cephalopods, macroevolution during the late Paleozoic was more dynamic than previously characterized, and patterns may have varied across different clades during this interval.
... Etymology.-Name is derived from the similarity to the North American species A. huecoensis (Miller and Furnish, 1940b Remarks.-Akmilleria parahuecoensis n. sp. is identical with A. huecoensis (Miller and Furnish, 1940a, p. 45, fig. ...
The Permian pandemic ammonoids in Nanpanjiang Basin (41 genera, including two new genera Glenisteroceras and Fusicrimites , and 56 species, including 21 new species) are systematically described and/or discussed. New species described in this paper are Agathiceras sequaxilirae n. sp., Akmilleria parahuecoensis n. sp., Aristoceras liuzhaiense n. sp., Bamyaniceras nandanense n. sp., Bamyaniceras yangchangense n. sp., Bransonoceras longyinense n. sp., Difuntites furnishi n. sp., Emilites globosus n. sp., Eoaraxoceras spinosai n. sp., Eumedlicottia kabiensis n. sp., Fusicrimites nanpanjiangensis n. gen. n. sp., Glenisteroceras sidazhaiense n. gen. n. sp., Metaperrinites shaiwaensis n. sp., Miklukhoceras guizhouense n. sp., Neocrimites guizhouensis n. sp., Neopronorites leonovae n. sp., Popanoceras ziyunense n. sp., Properrinites gigantus n. sp., Stacheoceras shaiwaense n. sp., Svetlanoceras uraloceraformis n. sp., and Synartinskia meyaoense n. sp. A relatively complete Permian basinal ammonoid sequence with six zones has been newly recognized in South China, in ascending order, Properrinites gigantus - Svetlanoceras serpentinum , Svetlanoceras uraloceraformis - Prothalassoceras biforme , Popanoceras kueichowense - Medlicottia orbignyanus , Metaperrinites shaiwaensis - Popanoceras ziyunense , Waagenoceras sp.- Propinacoceras beyrichi , and Eoaraxoceras spinosai - Difuntites furnishi . The upper three zones are close to being duplicated from the Permian of Las Delicias, Coahuila, Mexico and west Texas, USA; while the lower three zones compare well to those of the Lower Permian in South Urals. The Eoaraxoceras - Difuntites assemblage, as an index fauna of the upper Capitanian in Coahuila, has been found from the Claystone (3rd) Member of the Shaiwa Formation with the commonly accepted Lopingian stratigraphic age. The updated Permian ammonoid biostratigraphy in South China reveals a possible overlap between the basinal Guadalupian from North America and the platform-based Lopingian from South China.
... E. loeblichi Miller & Furnish, 1940 from the Caney Shale of Oklahoma and E. magmus Sheng, 1983 from late Visé an rocks of Tibet are based on small specimens that can hardly be compared with the large individuals of the new species. The Cantabrian species E. discoidalis Kullmann, 1963 andE. ...
A late Viséan section of clastic and carbonatic rocks is described from the eastern part of the Anti-Atlas (Morocco). The sedimentary succession is a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic system influenced by sea-level fluctuations. The sedimentology of the section is interpreted with respect to transgressive-regressive cycles and systems tracts. Highstand sediments yielded ammonoid assemblages from six horizons; a total of 1,040 specimens separated into 20 species are described in the palaeontological section. The genus Itimaites is new, together with the 16 new species Itimaites parabolicus n. sp., Calygirtyoceras zrigatense n. sp., Sudeticeras fornicum n. sp., Sudeticeras pusillobatum n. sp., Sudeticeras occultornatum n. sp., Goniatites rodioni n. sp., Goniatites gerberi n. sp., Goniatites evelinae n. sp., Hypergoniatites fusiger n. sp., Neogoniatites worki n. sp., Dombarites bellornatus n. sp., Platygoniatites rhanemensis n. sp., Ferganoceras torridum n. sp., Prolecanites meandricus n. sp., Prolecanites mapesi n. sp., Epicanites hamianensis n. sp., and Megapronorites itimensis n. sp.
Ein aus Klastika und Karbonaten aufgebautes Obervisé-Profil wird vom östlichen Bereich des Anti-Atlas (Marokko) beschrieben. Bei der Sedimentabfolge handelt es sich um ein gemischtes Ablagerungssystem aus Karbonaten und Siliziklastika, das durch Meeresspiegelschwankungen gesteuert wurde. Die Sedimentologie des Profiles wurde hinsichtlich Transgressions-Regressions Zyklen und System Trakten interpretiert. Hochstand-Sedimente lieferten Ammonoideen-Vergesellschaftungen aus sechs Horizonten; insgesamt wurden 1040 Exemplare gefunden, die 20 Arten zugeordnet wurden und im paläontologischen Teil beschrieben sind. Die Gattung Itimaites sowie die 16 Arten Itimaites parabolicus n. sp., Calygirtyoceras zrigatense n. sp., Sudeticeras fornicum n. sp., Sudeticeras pusillobatum n. sp., Sudeticeras occultornatum n. sp., Goniatites rodioni n. sp., Goniatites gerberi n. sp., Goniatites evelinae n. sp., Hypergoniatites fusiger n. sp., Neogoniatites worki n. sp., Dombarites bellornatus n. sp., Platygoniatites rhanemensis n. sp., Ferganoceras torridum n. sp., Prolecanites meandricus n. sp., Prolecanites mapesi n. sp., Epicanites hamianensis n. sp. und Megapronorites itimensis n. sp. sind neu.
doi:10.1002/mmng.200600001
... Subfamily Lyrogoniatitinae Ruzhencev & Bogoslovskaya, 1971 Genus Lyrogoniatites Miller & Furnish, 1940 Lyrogoniatites tener Ruzhencev & Bogoslovskaya, 1971Figure 23A 1971Ruzhencev & Bogoslovskaya, p. 277, pl. 29, figs 1-4. ...
The Late Devonian to Early Carboniferous olistolith near Družetić (north-western Serbia) contains the most species rich occurrence of Palaeozoic ammonoids known from the Balkan Peninsula. Four main faunal complexes are recorded, (1) a late Famennian assemblage with few clymeniids, (2) a species-poor indifferent Tournaisian assemblage, (3) two rather diverse early Late Viséan assemblages with about 15 species and (4) two latest Viséan/Serpukhovian assemblages with more than 20 species. The new genus Druzeticia and the following new species are described from the third faunal complex: Beyrichoceras jadarense, Ubites divnae, Ubites novaki, Entogonites serbicus, Druzeticia decens and Prolecanites stevanovici. The latest Viséan/Serpukhovian assemblages show very close relationships with the South Urals and both regions most probably belong to the same palaeogeographical realm.
... the new species at the middle stages differs in the more compressed shell (wide to moderately wide whorls instead of wide to very wide). In addition, the dorsal lobe is different ( Miller and Furnish, 1940, text fig. 7B). ...
Two new species of Somoholites (S. andrianovi and S. sebyanicus) are described from the Lower Permian of the Verkhoyansk Region. The taxonomy of all known Somoholites species from Northeastern Russia is revised.
... The nucleus of phosphate nodules from the Excello Shale is usually a fossil, most commonly invertebrate material. The two most common invertebrates found in the nodules are the ammonoid Glaphyrites angulatus (Miller and Furnish 1940) and the inarticulate brachiopod Orbiculoidea missouriensis (Shumard 1858). ...
During field and laboratory investigation of the phosphate nodules that are eroding from the Excello Shale of the Senora Formation, Cabaniss Group, Desmoinesian, of Middle Pennsylvanian age of Rogers County in northeastern Oklahoma has produced numerous vertebrate, invertebrate, and plant fossils. The vertebrate material recovered include the dermal denticles of Petrodus patelliformis and Listracanthus hystrix, along with teeth of Cladodus occidentals, Caseodus eatoni, Edestus sp, Lisgodus serratus, and a spine from the spine-brush complex of Stethacanthus sp. Previously, the only known vertebrates reported from the Excello Shale of Oklahoma were Edestus and Petrodus. This report thus increases the number of known vertebrates from the Excello Shale of northeastern Oklahoma.
... The subdivision of the Carboniferous by means of ammonoid genera leads to a number of genus zones, which at least in part can be correlated with the chronostratigraphical stages (Davydov et al. 2012). A global zonation based on species Great Basin Youngquist 1949, Miller et al. 1952, Titus 2000, Titus and Manger 2001, Korn and Titus 2011American Midcontinent Smith 1903, Girty 1909, 1911, Plummer and Scott 1937, Miller and Furnish 1940b, c, Miller and Youngquist 1948, Unklesbay 1962, McCaleb et al. 1964, Gordon 1965, McCaleb 1968, Saunders 1973, Saunders et al. 1977, Manger and Saunders 1980, Gordon 1986, Boardman et al. 1994 British Isles Bisat 1924, Moore 1936, Hudson 1945, Bisat 1950, Yates 1962, Riley 1990, Korn and Tilsley 2006, Tilsley and Korn 2009Belgium Demanet 1938, Delépine 1940, Demanet 1941, 1943, Bouckaert 1961 Rhenish Mountains Schmidt 1925, Ruprecht 1937, Patteisky 1959, Horn 1960, Kulick 1960, Patteisky 1965, Korn 1988, Korn and Horn 1997b 1943, Kullmann 1961, Wagner-Gentis 1963 Anti-Atlas Delépine 1941, Korn et al. 1999, Klug et al. 2006, Korn et al. 2007 Western Algeria Termier and Termier 1952, Pareyn 1961 Southern Algeria Conrad 1984, Ebbighausen et al. 2004, Bockwinkel et al. 2010, Ebbighausen et al. 2010, Korn et al. 2010b Donetz Basin Popov 1979 North Urals, Novaya Zemlya Librovitch 1938, Kusina 1974, Kusina and Yatskov 1999South Urals Ruzhencev 1950, Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya 1970, 1971a, b, 1975Karaganda, Semipalatinsk Librovitch 1940 Tien Shan (Kyrgyzstan) Popov 1965Popov , 1968 Tien Shan (Uzbekistan) Librovitch 1927, Pitinova 1974, Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya 1978 Pamirs (Tajikistan) Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya 1971a, Nikolaeva 1994, 1995Xinjiang Liang and Wang 1991South China Yang 1978, Ruan 1981b, a, Yang 1986, Ruan and Zhou 1987 is not applicable because of the limited geographical distribution of many of the species. The time resolution in terms of ammonoid zonation is highly variable for the duration of the Carboniferous. ...
The time interval between the Emsian (Early Devonian) and the end of the Permian is characterized by the rapid evolution of the Ammonoidea, and this evolution is reflected by the establishment of a detailed biostratigraphical scheme. Ammonoids are, together with the conodonts, the most important stratigraphical tools for this interval. The present time resolution in terms of ammonoid biostratigraphy is highest in the Devonian (one zone has a mean of 0.9 Ma) and in the Carboniferous (about 1 Ma), while the subdivision of the Permian is much coarser (about 2.5 Ma per ammonoid zone on average).
... This time interval is somewhat difficult to correlate on a global scale because of significant ammonoid provincialism (Korn 1997b). We included the following occurrences , all with at least seven genera: South Urals (Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya, 1971) Rhenish Mountains (Horn, 1960; Korn, 2006) British Isles (Bisat, 1950; Yates, 1962) American Midcontinent (e.g., Miller and Furnish, 1940; Gordon, 1965) Antler Foreland Basin (Youngquist, 1949; Titus, 2000) Béchar Basin, Algeria (Pareyn, 1961) Cantabrian Mountains (Kullmann, 1962; Wagner-Gentis, 1963) Družetić (Korn et al. in press and in this article) The ammonoid fauna from Družetić requires revision , but at the moment it is possible to identify the following genera in the fauna:, 1962). Dombarites – D. wocklumerioides (Kullmann, 1962) and possibly also D. serbicus (Kullmann, 1962). ...
... Neoglyphioceras: Brüning, 1923, p. 30;Miller and Furnish, 1940T y p e s p e c i e s. L. algarviense Pereira de Sousa, 1923; Visean, Southern Portugal. ...
The validity of the Late Visean genus Lusitanoceras Pereiro de Sousa, 1923 (Goniatitidae) is supported,
and its taxonomy and stratigraphic distribution are discussed. The genus Lusitanoceras , which has a
diachronous distribution in the Uralian-Kazakhstanian-Central Asian Region, on the one hand, and in the Subvariscan Realm, on the other, possibly evolved from Arnsbergites . The study of the early whorls of
Lusitanoceras and Dombarites does not support the hypothesis of the evolution of Dombarites from
Lusitanoceras. The analysis of the stratigraphic distribution and shell morphology of these genera suggests that the genus Dombarites evolved directly from the genus Goniatites, while the lineage Arnsbergites
Lusitanoceras was most likely an evolutionary offshoot of the family Goniatitidae. The analysis of the taphonomy and lithology of Lusitanoceras occurrences shows that in the Uralian-Kazakhstanian-Central Asian Region that this genus inhabited territories around the outer margin of carbonate platforms in an environment of intensive carbonate sedimentation. These habitats are very much different from the habitats of Lusitanoceras in the Subvariscan Realm.
... The species composition of the ammonoid assemblages of the Verkhnyaya Kardailovka Section is typical of the South Urals, but is different from the assemblages of Western Europe (Bisat 1924;1928;1930;1932;Dorlodot and Delépine 1930;Delépine 1943;Moore 1946;Currie 1954;Horn 1960;Kullmann 1961;Yates 1962;Wagner-Gentis 1963;Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya 1971;Riley 1987;Korn 1988;1997;Tisley 2002, Kullmann et al. 2008 and others), North Africa (Delépine and Menchikoff 1937;Delépine, 1941;Korn et al. 1999;2006, and others) and North America (Miller and Furnish 1940;Miller and Youngquist 1948;Miller et al. 1952;Gordon 1965;McCaleb et al. 1964;Manger 1979;Saunders 1973;Saunders et al. 1977;Rambottom and Saunders 1989;Meeks et al. 1997;Meeks and Manger 1999;Saunders and Work 1999;Titus 1999Titus , 2000Titus and Manger 2001, and others), although the generic composition is similar. ...
A uniquely complete carbonate sequence spanning a large portion of the Viséan and the entire Serpukhovian is exposed on the Ural River, opposite the village of Verkhnyaya Kardailovka (South Urals, Bashkortostan, Russia). The Upper Viséan and Serpukhovian beds in this section are composed of deep-water carbonates containing ammonoids, conodonts, ostracodes and foraminifers. The section is well-sampled, measured, its lithology is now described, and a sedimentary environment near the seaward end of a carbonate platform and deep shelf is suggested. Abundant fossils allow the recognition of four successive ammonoid and four successive conodont zones, which allow reliable correlations of the regional Serpukhovian stages outside the South Urals, although the type section of the Serpukhovian in the Moscow Basin is in the shallow-water facies. The base of the Serpukhovian in the Moscow Basin and in the South Urals is defined by the first appearance datum (FAD) of the conodont Lochriea ziegleri. This level coincides with the base of the Kosogorskian in the Urals, correlates with the entry of the foraminifer "Millerella" tortula near the base of the Tarusian in the Moscow Basin and is close to the earliest occurrences of Dombarites paratectus and Cravenoceras at the base of the Uralopronorites-Cravenoceras Genozone and of the latter genus at the base of the British E1 Zone. Because of its accessibility, abundant fossils, and its well studied lithology, the Verkhnyaya Kardailovka Section is an excellent candidate for the GSSP of the Viséan-Serpukhovian boundary.
... E. loeblichi Miller & Furnish, 1940 from the Caney Shale of Oklahoma and E. magmus Sheng, 1983 from late Visé an rocks of Tibet are based on small specimens that can hardly be compared with the large individuals of the new species. The Cantabrian species E. discoidalis Kullmann, 1963 andE. ...
A late Viséan section of clastic and carbonatic rocks is described from the eastern part of the Anti-Atlas (Morocco). The sedimentary succession is a mixed carbonate-siliciclastic system influenced by sea-level fluctuations. The sedimentology of the section is interpreted with respect to transgressive-regressive cycles and systems tracts. Highstand sediments yielded ammonoid assemblages from six horizons; a total of 1,040 specimens separated into 20 species are described in the palaeontological section. The genus Itimaites is new, together with the 16 new species Itimaites parabolicus n. sp., Calygirtyoceras zrigatense n. sp., Sudeticeras fornicum n. sp., Sudeticeras pusillobatum n. sp., Sudeticeras occultornatum n. sp., Goniatites rodioni n. sp., Goniatites gerberi n. sp., Goniatites evelinae n. sp., Hypergoniatites fusiger n. sp., Neogoniatites worki n. sp., Dombarites bellornatus n. sp., Platygoniatites rhanemensis n. sp., Ferganoceras torridum n. sp., Prolecanites meandricus n. sp., Prolecanites mapesi n. sp., Epicanites hamianensis n. sp., and Megapronorites itimensis n. sp.
Ein aus Klastika und Karbonaten aufgebautes Obervisé-Profil wird vom östlichen Bereich des Anti-Atlas (Marokko) beschrieben. Bei der Sedimentabfolge handelt es sich um ein gemischtes Ablagerungssystem aus Karbonaten und Siliziklastika, das durch Meeresspiegelschwankungen gesteuert wurde. Die Sedimentologie des Profiles wurde hinsichtlich Transgressions-Regressions Zyklen und System Trakten interpretiert. Hochstand-Sedimente lieferten Ammonoideen-Vergesellschaftungen aus sechs Horizonten; insgesamt wurden 1040 Exemplare gefunden, die 20 Arten zugeordnet wurden und im paläontologischen Teil beschrieben sind. Die Gattung Itimaites sowie die 16 Arten Itimaites parabolicus n. sp., Calygirtyoceras zrigatense n. sp., Sudeticeras fornicum n. sp., Sudeticeras pusillobatum n. sp., Sudeticeras occultornatum n. sp., Goniatites rodioni n. sp., Goniatites gerberi n. sp., Goniatites evelinae n. sp., Hypergoniatites fusiger n. sp., Neogoniatites worki n. sp., Dombarites bellornatus n. sp., Platygoniatites rhanemensis n. sp., Ferganoceras torridum n. sp., Prolecanites meandricus n. sp., Prolecanites mapesi n. sp., Epicanites hamianensis n. sp. und Megapronorites itimensis n. sp. sind neu.
doi:10.1002/mmng.200600001
Nine species of cephalopods from the Ayim Formation of the Jebel Qamar South area, United Arab Emirates are described. They include orthoceratids: Michelinoceras sp. 1, Michelinoceras ? sp. 2, Temperoceras ayimense sp. nov., Mooreoceras? sp. 1, Mooreoceras? sp. 2, Mitorthoceras ? sp., Spyroceratinae, genus and species indeterminate; oncocerid: Poterioceratidae, genus and species indeterminate; and bactritid: Bactrites cf. quadrilineatus Girty. Based on the fauna, the Early Carboniferous age of the formation is first established herein.
We make known the occurrence of the genus Lusitanoceras sp. in the Culm facies turbiditic sediments of the lower Namurian from Menorca (Balearic Islands).
The current state of knowledge on the Late Paleozoic ammonoid superfamily Adrianitoidea is reviewed. The section on Adrianitoidea in the revised edition of the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology (TIP) on Carboniferous and Permian ammonoids (Furnish et al., 2009) is discussed. Major phylogenetic trends in this superfamily are reconstructed. New data on the morphology of members of the subfamilies Adrianitinae, Emilitinae, and Pamiritellinae allow convincing hypotheses of the early evolution, diversification, and decline in each of the above groups.
Mid-Carboniferous strata of the Barnett Shale in the Sierra Diablo region are deep water, offshore sediments
deposited in the Marathon Foreland Basin. These strata contain a remarkably complete ammonoid record spanning from the Late Viséan to the middle Atokan (Moscovian). Late Viséan strata are referred to as the “Folks Member” of the Barnett Shale and locally yield numerous ammonoids. Three assemblages can be recognized, which contain, from oldest to youngest, Goniatites eganensis and Girtyoceras hamiltonense (Goniatites eganensis Zone), Goniatites multiliratus and Girtyoceras meslerianum (Goniatites multiliratus Zone), and Choctawites cumminsi and Pachylyroceras cloudi (Choctawites cumminsi Zone). We erect the new genera Choctawites and Uralyroceras to accommodate, respectively, the North American species “Goniatites choctawensis Shumard, 1863”, “G. kentuckiensis Miller, 1889” and “G. cumminsi Hyatt, 1893”, and Uralian species formerly attributed to Pachylyroceras. For the material of “Pachylyroceras cloudi” of the South Urals, the new species name Uralyroceras arquatum is proposed.
The ammonoid order Prolecanitida constitutes a relatively small (43 genera, ∼250 species) but long-ranging lineage (Lower Carboniferous-Triassic, ∼108 m.y.), which narrowly survived the P/Tr extinctions and provided the stock from which were derived all later Mesozoic ammonoids. Prolecanitids were a minority among Late Paleozoic ammonoids, which were dominated by the Goniatitida, and showed many features that set them far apart from their contemporaries, including (1) long-term, gradual changes in shell geometry (W-D-S); (2) the most strongly constrained morphospace of any Paleozoic ammonids examined to date; (3) an eight-fold increase in mean suture complexity (three times that of Pennsylvanian goniatitids); (4) high correlations between shell geometry, shell and septal thickness, and suture complexity; (5) short body chambers and as a consequence, high aperture orientations; (6) indications that cameral liquid may have been used for buoyancy control; and (7) a genus longevity that averaged 14.7 m.y. compared with 5.7 m.y. in Upper Carboniferous goniatitids, and that appears to have been unrelated to suture complexity. Prolecanitids showed a pervasive tendency to increase suture complexity (in the clade as a whole as well as within subclades and in more than 90 percent of ancestor-descendant genera), thus arguing a case for a driven complexity trend. The uniqueness of the prolecanitids calls into question whether they and their Mesozoic descendants, ceratites and ammonites, were strictly analogous to Paleozoic goniatites.
Principal components analysis of Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) ammonoids (all 117 genera), using 21 variables to measure shell geometry, sculpture and suture complexity, shows that following a sharp decline (∼30%) in generic diversity after the mid-Carboniferous boundary, seven morphotypes persisted throughout the Pennsylvanian (ca. 30 m.y.). Six of these were polyphyletically adopted at different times, while the seventh was monopolized by the prolecanitids, a group whose evolution accelerated during the Pennsylvanian and later gave rise to Mesozoic ammonoids. Innovations in suture geometry distinguished at least 17 of 39 (44%) Pennsylvanian ammonoid families. Average suture complexity increased almost threefold; this was achieved by various methods (lobe serration, insertion of umbilical elements, prong subdivision, lobe trifurcation, and secondary bifurcation), which were recurrent and crossed morphotype boundaries. The Pennsylvanian record supports suggestions that Paleozoic ammonoids were confined to a certain suite of basic shell geometries, showing preference for a limited number of sites in the spectrum of available morphospace. However, these morphic constraints did not, with one possible exception (the prolecanitids), control the emergence of increasing sutural complexity during the Pennsylvanian, which occurred among different lineages in all seven morphotypes.
Ten newly recovered Dunbarites specimens significantly extend the known stratigraphic range of Dunbarites. These include the first documented Midcontinent Basin records of the Missourian type species Dunbarites rectilateralis (Miller, 1930) from north-central Oklahoma. Additional species of Dunbarites from south-central Oklahoma and north-central and West Texas are described as Dunbarites wewokensis n. sp. and Dunbarites boardmani n. sp. Although Dunbarites is an extremely rare component (similar to 0.025 percent) of Middle and Upper Pennsylvanian ammonoid assemblages, Ruzhencev and Bogoslovskaya (1971, 1978) suggested that Dunbarites and Parashumardites Ruzhencev, 1939 be used as genozone markers for the Kasimovian [Zhigulevian] Stage (Missourian in North America). As demonstrated by this report, the range of Dunbarites is not confined to the Kasimovian, thereby precluding its use as a Kasimovian Stage indicator.
An ammonoid fauna comprising eight species belonging to seven genera (Agathiceras, Neoglaphyrites, Emilites, Somoholites, Marathonites, Eoasianites and Metapronorites) is described from the Uyamano Formation (Taishaku Limestone) at Miharanoro in the Akiyoshi Belt, Southwest Japan. The fauna includes two new species: Neoglaphyrites discoidalis and Somoholites miharanoroensis. The genera Emilites, Somoholites, Marathonites, and Metapronorites are described from Japan for the first time. From the coexisting interval of these seven genera, the age of the Miharanoro fauna is between the Kasimovian and Asselian, being very probably Asselian because some species show close resemblance to those known from Asselian strata. This is the most diverse early Permian ammonoid fauna ever known from Japan.
Synopsis
In Part I brief descriptions are given of the goniatite faunas found at horizons in the Scottish Carboniferous succession; and mainly on the evidence of these faunas, the stages of B, P 1 ; P 2 , E 1 ; and E 2 and A are approximately demarcated. No goniatites suggesting the presence of H, R and G have been seen.
In Part II descriptions are given of certain species of the following genera: Beyrichoceratoides, Anthracoceras, Cravenoceras, Cravenoceratoides, Girtyoceras, Eumorphoceras, Goniatites, Sudeticeras, Dimorphoceras, Neodimorphoceras and a new genus, Cluthoceras .
Extract
In 1930 the author described various sections in the Sabden Shales exposed in the River Darwen about four miles west of Blackburn, the most important being that on the right bank of the Darwen north of Samlesbury Bottoms where, below the Parsonage Sandstone and above a group of sandstones and shales, there are about 400 feet of shales fairly well exposed. The fossiliferous beds in these shales contain goniatite faunas of either Reticuloceras or Homoceras age except near their base, where a hard shale with hard calcareous pieces contains Eumorphoceras bisulcatum Girty, Neodimorphoceras hawkinsi Moore, and Nuculoceras nuculum Bisat, a fauna which has more affinity with those of the Eumorphoceras bisulcatum beds below than with those of the Homoceras beds above. Associated with these forms is the new species described in this paper and given the trivial name darwenense. Its structure places it as intermediate between Homoceras and Cravenoceras, which is not inconsistent with its stratigraphical position: in the opinion of the author, however, it is most similar to the various forms placed in the genus Cravenoceras and is therefore allocated to that genus.
Cravenoceras Bisat 1928 emend. Hudson 1941
Cravenoceras darwenense sp. nov.
PI. xx, figs. 1–5; text-fig. 1.
Holotype.—G.S.M. 721171 (Pl. xx, fig. 1). Paratypes.—G.S.M. 72115–6, 72118–72129 (Pl. xx, figs. 2–5; text-fig. 1). All type specimens from the Nuculoceras nuculum—Eumorphoceras bisulcatum beds, exposed in a small stream entering the right bank of the River Darwen, about 600 yards downstream from the ...
The ammonoid faunas from the Goniatites Zone (Late Visean; Mississippian) of the Camp Canyon Member (Chainman Formation) are described for the first time. The assemblage shows close relationships to time equivalent occurrences in Alaska and the American Midcontinent, but differs markedly from occurrences in Europe, North Africa, and the South Urals. Seven successive ammonoid biozones are proposed for this interval in North America, in ascending order: (1) Calygirtyoceras confusionense Ammonoid Biozone, (2) Calygirtyoceras arcticum Ammonoid Biozone, (3) Girtyoceras primum Ammonoid Biozone, (4) Girtyoceras gordoni Ammonoid Biozone, (5) Goniatites deceptus Ammonoid Biozone, (6) Goniatites eganensis Ammonoid Biozone, and (7) Goniatites multiliratus Ammonoid Biozone. The following ammonoid species are revised or newly described: Bollandoceras occidentale sp. nov., Entogonites burbankensis sp. nov., Entogonites borealis (Gordon, 1957), Entogonites acus sp. nov., Calygirtyoceras confusionense sp. nov., Calygirtyoceras arcticum Gordon, 1957, Girtyoceras primum sp. nov., Girtyoceras gordoni sp. nov., Girtyoceras hamiltonense sp. nov., Dimorphoceras worki sp. nov., Dimorphoceras rileyi sp. nov., Metadimorphoceras mangeri sp. nov., Metadimorphoceras richardsi sp. nov., Kazakhoceras bylundi sp. nov., Goniatites americanus Gordon, 1971, Goniatites deceptus sp. nov., Goniatites eganensis sp. nov., Goniatites sowerbyi sp. nov., and Praedaraelites loeblichi (Miller & Furnish, 1940).
A small early Late Visean (Mississippian) ammonoid assemblage with Entogonites saharensis new species and Goniatites lazarus new species is described from the eastern Anti-Atlas of Morocco, being the first African record of Entogonites. The family Goniatifidae is a typical Lazarus taxon, which, after a gap representing approximately 10 million years, reappears in the fossil record. The genera Entogonites and Goniatites have a wide paleogeographic distribution (northwest Laurentia, northern and southern Variscides, north Gondwana). This indicates ammonoid cosmopolifism at the genus level at the end of the middle Visean, before late Visean ammonoid provinces formed. Entogonites with tetrangularly coiled juvenile whorls and with a low aperture probably had a planktonic life-style.
Evolutionary lineages within the Carboniferous ammonoid superfamily Goniatitaceae can be recognized using cladistic and stratophenetic analyses, showing that both approaches lead to coinciding results. In the late Visean and Namurian A, ammonoid provinces can be defined by the distribution of lineages within the goniatite superfamily Goniatitaceae. The first province corresponds to the Subvariscan Realm (where the superfamily became extinct near the Visean-Namurian boundary), and the second embraces the majority of the occurrences, e.g. the South Urals, Central Asia, and North America (where the superfamily with different independent lieages continued up into the late Namurian A). In the Visean, the superfamily was, in two short epochs, globally distributed with major transgressions, which probably led to migration events. The first is at the end of the late Visean A (G. fimbriatus and G. spirifer Zones, when the genus Goniatites had a world-wide distribution with various species), and the second at the beginning of the late Visean C (L. poststriatum Zone, when Lusitanoceras is globally distributed).
The type species of the genus Prolecanites is discussed. The generic name Paraprolecanites Karpinsky 1889 is invalid, being founded on a hypothetical suture line. Forms showing this type of suture line have since been found and the genus Epicanites was erected by Schindewolf 1926 to include such forms. A possible development from Prolecanites to Epicanites is suggested.
Viséan goniatites from the top of the P1 Zone are described. Eight new species and one variety are erected. A new genus Hibernicoceras is proposed for the reception of some of these. Observations are made on the genus Prædaraelites of Schindewolf.
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