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A new species of Blastophragma and three new records of other dematiaceous hyphomycetes from Southern China
Abstract
In a survey of saprobic conidial fungi from southern China, a new species, Blastophragma beilschmiediae, is proposed. It is characterized by simple mononematous conidiophores with integrated apical polyblastic conidiogenous cells and solitary, acrogenous, 9–13-distoseptate conidia produced on sympodially proliferating conidiogenous cells. Beltraniomyces lignicola, Diplococcium dendrocalami, and Teratosperma cornigerum are newly recorded from China. Notes, illustrations and descriptions based on natural substrates are presented for all species.
... Our findings of two new species illustrate that the high diversity of saprobic dematiaceous hyphomycetes is still poorly known in spite of the 180 years of study (Corda 1836) and monographs initiated by Ellis (1961) until recent times (Zhang 2009 Silva et al. 2015, Xia et al. 2016. Although the majority of these species appear to be saprobic decomposers of dead plant material, their ecological significance in nutrient recycling has not been investigated on a systematic base. ...
... Since the substrate is fragmented, it is often impossible to identify the plant from which the substrate had originated. A further technical problem not only in our study, but also in other investigations, is that these fungi often cannot be cultivated from fresh collections from tropical areas (Ma et al. 2015b, Xia et al. 2016), but rather from temperate ones and then often show the polyphyly of the genera, such as Helminthosporium (Zhu et al. 2016). Since cultures are not available for DNA extraction, a high proportion of the tropical species remains underrepresented in DNA sequence databases so that phylogenetic assessments of generic positions cannot be routinely undertaken. ...
Dictyosporium splendidum sp. nov. and Helminthosporium varium sp. nov., both found on decaying leaves of unidentified plants are described and illustrated. D. splendidum is characterized by conidia composed of two or three parallel rows of cell, tightly arranged in 3-planes or complanate, with a cylindrical or irregular, hyaline mucous appendage at each apical cell. H. varium is distinguished by its blastocatenate, long obclavate, subcylindrical, oblong or navicular, 1–4-septate, spacing verrucose or verruculose, gray-brown or brown conidia.
... Saprobic dematiaceous hyphomycetes are highly diverse on rotting woody plant materials (Xia & al. 2014(Xia & al. , 2016. As essential components in forest ecosystems, they play important roles in nutrient recycling, but their geographical distribution and alpha taxonomy are poorly known. ...
Two new anamorphic fungi, Globoramichloridium delicatum and Heteroconium simile , collected from dead branches of unidentified broadleaf trees in Jiangxi Province, China, are described and illustrated. Globoramichloridium delicatum is characterized by unicellular, subglobose to narrow subnapiform, yellowish-green conidia. Heteroconium simile is distinguished by its monoblastic, integrated, terminal, determinate conidiogenous cells that produce acrogenous, blastocatenate, dimorphic, 0–1-septate, smooth conidia.
... Hughes (1979), who examined the type and five other specimens, treated T. pulchrum as a synonym of T. cornigerum but did not explain or justify his decision. Teratosperma cornigerum has been recorded from Canada, China, USA, and UK (Ellis 1957, Hughes 1979, Wu & Zhuang 2005, Xia & al. 2016. Comments-Teratosperma dicranopteridis was described on discolored living and dead leaves of Dicranopteris linearis in Taiwan and is characterized by annellidic conidiogenous cells that produce obclavate, 3-5-septate conidia with the basal cell bearing 1-3 lateral, 2-4-septate appendages. ...
Teratospermopsis is proposed as a new genus for Chaetendophragmia protuberata [= Teratosperma microsporum ]. The genus has acrogenous, solitary, euseptate conidia seceding schizolytically from monoblastic, integrated, terminal, annellidic conidiogenous cells. The conidia are obclavate, smooth, and with an apical cell with a filiform appendage and a basal cell with a lateral appendage. A key and a synoptic table to six accepted Teratosperma species accompany comments on four rejected or dubious species, including T. macrosporum [= Endophragmiella macrospora comb. nov.].
Two new anamorphic fungi, Blodgettia chinensis sp. nov. and Nigrolentilocus saprophyticus
sp. nov., are described and illustrated from specimens collected on dead branches of unidentified
plants in southern China. Blodgettia chinensis is characterized by monoblastic, integrated,
terminal conidiogenous cells that produce broadly ellipsoidal, 5-euseptate, smooth conidia with
darkened and thickened bands at the septa. Nigrolentilocus saprophyticus is distinguished by its
polyblastic, sympodially extending, terminal and intercalary, integrated conidiogenous cells with
conspicuous, lenticular conidiogenous loci and ellipsoidal to fusiform, 3-euseptate, versicolored
conidia. A key to Nigrolentilocus species is provided. Anapleurothecium botulisporum is recorded
for the first time from China.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) verspricht durch Produkt- und Prozessinnovationen großes Potenzial für die Wertschöpfung von Automobilherstellern. Die strategischen Maßnahmen, um von diesem Potenzial Gebrauch zu machen, sind jedoch organisatorisch umfassend und tiefgreifend. Damit genügt es nicht, dass AI nur in einer funktional verstandenen IT-Strategie ausgeprägt ist. Vielmehr erscheint es notwendig zu sein, Artificial Intelligence als einen Baustein von Digital-Strategien zu verstehen. Diese überlagern die Teilstrategien im Unternehmen und erlauben es damit, intertechnologische und interfunktionale Kohärenz herzustellen. Dieser Beitrag untersucht, wie AI aus digitalstrategischer Perspektive für Automobilhersteller zu bewerten, zu planen und zu implementieren ist.
Two new species, Endophragmiella licualae and E. micheliae from dead branches of Licuala fordiana and Michelia hedyosperma, respectively, collected from southern China, are described and illustrated. E. licualae is unique in possessing euseptate and distoseptate conidia that are ellipsoidal, fusiform or obclavate, verruculose, 50–65 × 13–17 μm. E. micheliae is distinguished by branched conidiophores producing obovoid to obpyriform, smooth, mostly 1-euseptate, 10–15.5 × 5.5–7.5 μm conidia. A key to the Chinese species of Endophragmiella is provided.
Four dematiaceous hyphomycetes collected during our continuing mycological survey of saprobic conidial fungi on decaying plant material in tropical forests of southern China, are described and illustrated. Among them, Quadracaea roureae is described as a new species. Phaeoblastophora resinae, Phragmocephala atra var. stenophora and Pseudospiropes nodosus are newly recorded from China.
Two new species of Diplococcium are described and illustrated. Diplococcium aquaticum sp. nov., from submerged wood in Australia, is distinct in the genus in having slender conidiophores and pyriform, uniseptate, bicolored conidia. Diplococcium dendrocalami sp. nov., from senescent culms of Dendrocalamus sp. in the Philippines, differs from other species in the genus in having robust, unbranched, attenuated conidiophores and oblong to ellipsoidal, thick-walled, 1-2-septate, large conidia.
Three new species of Berkleasmium (Hyphomycetes) are described and illustrated from decaying wood, dead leaves, and culms of bamboo in China. B. fusiforme is characterized by fusiform to oval conidia. B. obovoides is characterized by obovoid, muriform conidia, sometimes
with one hyaline inflated subtending basal cell. B. tetraploides is distinctive in having pyriform and muriform conidia, which are usually composed of four columns of cells. Monodictys juglandis is transferred to Berkleasmium. Oncopodium erectum is also considered
as a synonym of Berkleasmium juglandis.
A new species of dematiaceous hyphomycetes, Sporidesmiopsis guangxiensis, is described and illustrated. It is characterized by its macronematous conidiophores with branches at the apex and conidiogenous cells arising on both stipe and branches. Its euseptate conidia are larger than those of S. goanensis, but smaller than those of the other species of the genus. A key to Sporidesmiopsis species is provided. Bahusandhika indica, Gangliostilbe indica, and Guedea novae-zelandiae are newly recorded from China.
Two new species in the genera Lobatopedis and Minimelanolocus were found during an
investigation of anamorphic fungi from plant debris collected in a cloud forest in Veracruz State,
Mexico. Both are described and illustrated. Lobatopedis kirkii sp. nov. is characterized by brown,
macronematous conidiophores, monoblastic conidiogenous cells, and brown, cylindrical, narrowly
obclavate to sub-acicular conidia which differ from those of other species of Lobatopedis in shape.
Minimelanolocus limpidus sp. nov. is characterized by macronematous dark brown conidiophores,
polyblastic conidiogenous cells with slightly melanized scars, and obclavate, (3–)6-septate, pale
golden brown conidia. A comparative table and a key to Lobatopedis species are also provided
Durante investigação de fungos conidiais associados a materiais vegetais em decomposição em uma área de extrema relevância biológica no bioma Caatinga, município de Morro do Chapéu, estado da Bahia, novos registros para o continente Americano, América do Sul, Neotrópico e Brasil foram encontrados. Dendryphiopsis biseptata Morgan-Jones, R.C. Sinclair & Eicker e Virgariella atra S. Hughes são novos registros para o continente Americano; Dictyochaeta matsushimae (Hewings & J.L. Crane) Whitton, McKenzie & K.D. Hyde, Endophragmiella boothii (M.B. Ellis) S. Hughes são reportados pela primeira vez para o Neotrópico; Anungitea palustris R.F. Castañeda & W.B. Kendr., Dictyochaeta anamorfo de Chaetosphaeria dingleyae S. Hughes, W.B. Kendr. & Shoemaker, Dictyochaeta anamorfo de Chaetosphaeria pulchriseta S. Hughes, W.B. Kendr. & Shoemaker, Eversia parvula Hol.-Jech., Gyrothrix hughesii Piroz. e Minimelanolocus navicularis (R.F. Castañeda) R.F. Castañeda são novos registros para a América do Sul; Endophragmiella pallescens B. Sutton, Helicoubisia coronata Lunghini & Rambelli e Selenodriella ponmudiensis (Varghese & V.G. Rao) R.F. Castañeda & Saikawa são reportados pela primeira vez para o Brasil. Descrições, comentários, distribuição geográfica e ilustrações são apresentados para estas espécies.
Pseudospiropes linderae sp. nov., occurring on dead branches of Lindera glauca in China, is described and illustrated. It differs from previously described Pseudospiropes species in its comparatively smaller, ellipsoidal and 3-distoseptate conidia. Minimelanolocus hughesii and M. olivaceus are recorded for the first time from China. A key to Pseudospiropes species is provided.
In a survey of saprobic conidial fungi from the semi-arid Caatinga biome, northeast of
Brazil, three new species, Arachnophora polybrachiata, Hermatomyces uniseriatus and Vanakripa
inexpectata, are proposed. Dendryphiosphaera taiensis is a new record for the American continent
and Luzfridiella insignis, Memnoniella levispora, Periconia jabalpurensis, Pseudopetrakia
kambakkamensis, Sadasivania girisa and Vanakripa rhizophorae are new records from South America.
Notes, illustrations and descriptions based on natural substrates are presented for all species.
Helminthosphaeria, a genus of pyrenomycetes, is monographed. Its members occur on basidiomata of species of the Aphyllophorales. The following species are included: H. clavariarum, the type, H. odontiae, H. corticiorum, and the new species H. hyphodermiae. A new family, Helminthosphaeriaceae, is proposed for the genus. Litschaueria is found to be a synonym of Helminthosphaeria.
Helminthosphaeria, a genus of pyrenomycetes, is monographed. Its members occur on basidiomata of species of the Aphyllophorales. The following species are included: H. clavariarum, the type, H. odontiae, H. corticiorum, and the new species H. hyphodermiae. A new family, Helminthosphaeriaceae, is proposed for the genus. Litschaueria is found to be a synonym of Helminthosphaeria.
Neosporidesmium macrosporum sp. nov. is described and illustrated from living and dead twigs of Ficus infectoria from Chandigarh along with Haplotrichum curtisii, Pithomyces chartarum and Dictyosporium subramanianii collected from Himachal Pradesh. Haplotrichum curtisii is reported for the first time from India whereas Pithomyces chartarum, Dictyosporium subramanianii are recorded for the first time from North-Western Himalayas. © 2014, J. Cramer in Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany.
Hermatomyces indicus characterized by dimorphic conidia is described from dead petioles of Phoenix rupicola from Botanical Gardens of Panjab University, Chandigarh India.
Minimelanolocus bicolorata sp. nov., Paradendryphiopsis elegans sp. nov. and Corynesporella bannaense sp. nov., are described and illustrated. Minimelanolocus bicolorata is unique in possessing the schizolytic conidial secession and solitary, acropleurogenous, holoblastic conidia that are ellipsoidal, 3-euseptate, 30–35 × 7.5–9.5 μm, verruculose, pale brown, with an appendage at each end. Paradendryphiopsis elegans is characterized by monoblastic conidiogenous cells producing short chains of conidia that are 13–30.5 × 4–6.5 μm, 2–3-euseptate and fusiform to obclavate. Corynesporella bannaense is distinguished by terminal and integrated or discrete, monotretic conidiogenous cells that arise as lateral branches from the tip of the conidiophore and solitary conidia that are 12–16-distoseptate, smooth, obclavate, thick-walled, pale brown, and 100–140 × 10–14 μm. Keys to species of Minimelanolocus, Paradendryphiopsis and Corynesporella are provided.
A new hyphomycete species, Solicorynespora lasianthi sp. nov. is described and illustrated from dead branches of Lasianthus chinensis. It is characterized by its monotretic conidiogenous cells producing solitary, ellipsoidal to cylindrical, versicolored and 2-septate conidia. Chaetendophragmia britannica, Corynesporopsis cylindrica, Moorella monocephala are new records for China. These four species are compared and contrasted with similar species. © 2012 J. Cramer in Gebr. Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart, Germany.
The generic name Endophragmia Duvernoy et Maire is considered untenable for more than 30 species that have been included in it. In many of these species conidia secede rhexolytically. and percurrent proliferations arise from the penultimate cell of the conidiophore and of the successive proliferations: most of these particular species are transferred to Endophragmiella Sutton. Two species described in Endophragmiella are excluded from this genus and two new species described. Several species of “Endophragmia” are included in or transferred to Sporidesmium, Phragmocephala, Acremoniula, Paradendryphiopsis, and a new genus Melanocephala. Brief accounts are presented on other fonn genera with Endophragmiella-like proliferations after rhexolytic conidium secession, namely Teratosperma, Arachnophora, Acrophragmis, Chaetendophragmia, and Uberispora. Brief notes are also given on genera which, for various reasons, are involved in the redispositions of species assigned to Endophragmia, namely Domingoella, Hadrosporium, Brachysporiella (syn. Edmundmasonia). Monotosporella, Acrodictys, Phragmospathula, and Acrogenospora.
The interactions between three species of Diplococcium and their respective host fungi were investigated using light and transmission electron microscopy. Two types of interactions were detected: D. clarkii and D. clavariarum, colonizing fruit bodies of basidiomycetes, produce appressoria with protrusions into the cell walls of the host fungi. The host reacts by apposition of secondary wall-like material at the site of the interaction. Hyphae of D. parcum, a species reported from wood and bark, were encircled by hyphae of another fungus, probably belonging to a species of Tulasnella. Since D. parcum could not be cultivated in pure culture, this association between both fungi indicates that D. parcum was parasitic on hyphae of the presumed Tulasnella species.
Seventeen species belonging toSpadicoides
Hughes andDiplococcium
Grove collected in Central Europe mostly in Czechoslovakia are described and illustrated. Two new species are described inSpadicoides—S. carpatica
Hol.-Jech.,S. penatium
Hol.-Jech. and three new species inDiplococcium—D. bicolor
Hol.-Jech.,D. insolitum
Hol.-Jech. andD. parcum,Hol.-Jech.
Three species of the anamorphic fungus Shrungabeeja were collected from tropical forests in Yunnan Province, southern China. S. melicopeae sp. nov. and S. begoniae sp. nov. are described and illustrated from specimens collected respectively on dead branches of Melicope triphylla and Begonia semperflorens. S. vadirajensis is recorded for the first time from China. A key to the three known species of Shrungabeeja is provided.
Piricaudiopsis punicae sp. nov., P. rosae sp. nov. and P. rhaphidophorae sp. nov., occurring respectively on dead branches of Punica granatum, Rosa chinensis and Rhaphidophora decursiva were collected from tropical forest in southern China. They differ from the three previously described Piricaudiopsis species in conidial morphology and proliferation of the conidiogenous cell. The presence or absence of percurrent proliferation of the conidiogenous cells and conidial appendages and the height of conidia are recognized as important characters in the delimitation of species of Piricaudiopsis. A key to Piricaudiopsis species is provided.
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