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Phytotaxa 244 (1): 057–068
http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/
Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press Article PHYTOTAXA
ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition)
ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition)
Accepted by Eric Gouda: 17 Dec. 2015; published: 15 Jan. 2016
http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.244.1.4
57
The Dyckia sordida complex (Bromeliaceae, Pitcairnioideae) and a new species
from Minas Gerais, Brazil
HENRIQUE MALLMANN BÜNEKER1, 2, KELEN PUREZA SOARES2 & LUCAS COELHO DE ASSIS3
1Colégio Politécnico da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 1000, Camobi, 97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil. E-mail: henriquebuneker@mail.ufsm.br
2Herbário do Departamento de Ciências Florestais (HDCF), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Avenida Roraima, 1000, Camobi,
97105-900, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. E-mail: kpsoares@gmail.com
3Baden-Württembergisches Brasilien-Zentrum der Universität Tübingen, Wilhelmstr, Tübingen, Germany.
E-mail: cycnoches@gmail.com
Abstract
Dyckia nobilis, a new species of Bromeliaceae (Pitcairnioideae) from the Espinhaço Mountain Range (Minas Gerais, Bra-
zil), is hereby described and illustrated. A summary of information on the species of the Dyckia sordida complex (i.e. D.
inflexifolia, D. sordida and D. ursina), to which this new species belongs, is provided, including data on habitat, morphology,
etymology as well as a key to the species of this complex. The species are evaluated for their conservation status according
to the IUCN criteria.
Key words: Espinhaço Mountain Range, taxonomy, Dyckia inflexifolia, Dyckia nobilis sp. nov., Dyckia ursina
Resumo
É descrita e ilustrada para a Cadeia do Espinhaço (Minas Gerais, Brasil) uma nova espécie de Bromeliaceae (Pitcairnioi-
deae), Dyckia nobilis, sendo também fornecida uma sinopse sobre as espécies do complexo Dyckia sordida (i.e. D. inflexifo-
lia, D. sordida e D. ursina), ao qual a nova espécie pertence, incluindo dados sobre hábitat, observações sobre as afinidades
morfológicas, etimologia, chave para identificação das espécies do complexo e status de conservação segundo os critérios
da IUCN.
Palavras-chave: Cadeia do Espinhaço, taxonomia, Dyckia inflexifolia, Dyckia nobilis sp. nov., Dyckia ursina
Introduction
In Brazil, Bromeliaceae is represented by 44 genera and about 1.343 species. In the state of Minas Gerais, 27 genera
and 307 species have been identified, corresponding to approximately 9% of the species of this family (Forzza et al.
2015). Much of this diversity is concentrated in the Espinhaço Mountain Range. From the total of endemic bromeliad
species in Minas Gerais, 62% is restricted to this region. The Espinhaço Mountain Range has experienced rapid urban
growth extension and mining activities, rendering the conservation of endemic taxa in the region risky (Versieux &
Wendt 2006; Zappi et al. 2014).
Several endemic species in the Espinhaço Mountain Range belongs to the genus Dyckia Schult. & Schult. f. (1830:
65) (Wanderley & Martinelli 1987; Forzza & Wanderley 1998; Wanderley & Forzza 2003; Monteiro & Forzza 2008;
Versieux 2008; Coser et al. 2010; Guarçoni et al. 2012a; Marques et al. 2012), a member of subfamily Pitcairnioideae.
Recent new additions to the genus in Espinhaço Range of Minas Gerais are Dyckia concecionensis Ribeiro & Leme
(2015: 15), Dyckia ferrisincola Ribeiro & Leme (2015: 19), Dyckia incana Ribeiro & Leme (2015: 23), Dyckia nana
Leme & Ribeiro (Leme et al. 2010: 36), Dyckia gouveiana Leme & Ribeiro (Leme et al. 2012: 13), Dyckia joanae-
marcioi Braun, Esteves & Scharf (Braun et al. 2008: 36), Dyckia montezumensis Leme (Leme et al. 2012: 15), Dyckia
inflexifolia Guarçoni & Sartori (Guarçoni et al. 2012b: 407), and Dyckia sulcata Guarçoni (Guarçoni et al. 2014:
170).
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58 • Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press
Dyckia is a large genus in the subfamily Pitcairnioideae (Bromeliaceae). It is considered monophyletic according
to a phylogenetic analysis using morphological and molecular characters (Forzza 2001; Krapp et al. 2014). This genus
consists of about 170 species (Gouda et al. cont. upd.) that grow as rupicoles, saxicoles or terricoles in South America,
especially in Brazil but also in Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina and Uruguay. One of its main centers of diversity is in
Brazil, particularly in the state of Minas Gerais (Krapp et al. 2014; Smith & Downs 1974).
Due to its considerable diversity and high degree of endemism, new species of Dyckia are still being discovered,
one of them is described and illustrated in this paper.
Material and Methods
Specimens of Dyckia sordida complex were collected in the Espinhaço Mountain Range for laboratory study, cultivation
and herborization. The living specimens were included in the living collection of the Botanical Garden of Colégio
Politécnico da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil). The morphological variations of the
species were observed in habitat and in cultivated specimens. The quantitative and qualitative morphobiometric data
for the new species (Dyckia nobilis) were determined in situ from 30 randomly selected individuals. Measurements
of flowers and floral parts were taken from the second or third flower from the base of the inflorescence, taking into
account that the basal flowers are bigger than the apical ones. The terminology used in the description follows Smith
& Downs (1974) with adaptations proposed by Scharf & Gouda (2008), Forzza (2001) and Bernardello et al. (1991).
Data on related species presented in the dichotomous key were obtained from the literature, from specimens in habitat
and ex situ, as well as herbaria collections (including types kept at RB, SP and SPF, and digital images from B, GH,
K, NY, P, R, US and WU), acronyms according to Thiers (cont. upd.). The photographs were taken from plants in their
natural habitat, and the drawings were based on living material. The conservation status criteria were based on the
IUCN (2012).
Taxonomic treatment
The informal group called “Dyckia sordida complex” (Guarçoni et al. 2012b: 410), consists of endemic taxa from the
Espinhaço Mountain Range of Minas Gerais state, Brazil. The group is characterized by species with the peduncle,
inflorescence axis and sepals covered by brown-ferruginous trichomes; having orange-red petals, triangular or
subtriangular antepetalous filaments and filaments that are free above the common tube with the petals.
According to Guarçoni et al. (2012b), this complex is composed by D. sordida Baker (1889: 132), D. ursina
Smith (1943: 109) and D. inflexifolia. However, other species also show some characteristics of this group, like D.
mello-barretoi Smith (1960: 109) and D. elata Mez (1896: 108). More accurate data is needed to place these species
in this complex. The group is likely to increase with additional species.
The taxa of this complex were previously studied by Forzza (1997) and Forzza & Wanderley (1998) in a survey
of the Pitcairnioideae species from Serra do Cipó. In these studies, the authors considered D. duarteana Smith (1967:
408) as synonym of D. sordida and characterized the morphology of the latter, which was considered in the current
study. After flowering of living material belonging to the Dyckia sordida complex this new species was discovered.
How this species can be separated from the other species of this complex, is shown in the key below.
Key to identify the species in the Dyckia sordida complex
1. Flowers sessile; with a subglobular calyx; lanuginous sepals; sepals and petals almost the same size; .................. 4. Dyckia ursina
1’. Flowers pedicellate; with a tubular or subtubular calyx; glabrous or densely tomentose sepals; petals conspicuously longer than
sepals; .................................................................................................................................................................................................2
2. Adaxial side of the leaf blade glabrous; ............................................................................................................1. Dyckia inflexifolia
2’. Adaxial side of the leaf blade densely or sparsely and inconspicuously lepidote; .............................................................................3
3. Plant usually caespitose; central portion of the adaxial side of the leaf blade green to reddish, sparsely lepidote; pedicels 3–5(–15)
mm long; sepals free or shortly and inconspicuously connate at the base; .............................................................3. Dyckia sordida
3’. Plant with solitary rosette (never caespitose); central portion of the adaxial side of the leaf blade densely white-cinereous lepidote;
pedicels 2–3 mm long; sepals connate at the base for about 3 mm; ......................................................................... 2. Dyckia nobilis
DYCKIA SORDIDA COMPLEX &A NEW SPECIES FROM BRAZIL Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 59
FIGURE 1. A–E. Dyckia inflexifolia E.A.E. Guarçoni & M.A. Sartori (Büneker 298 et al.). A. Vegetative appearance in habitat. B.
Detail of young leaves with bent over (hooked) apex. C. Fertile habitus in habitat. D. Inflorescence detail with flowers at anthesis. E.
Inflorescence detail with flowers in bud.
BÜNEKER ET AL.
60 • Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press
1. Dyckia inflexifolia Guarçoni & Sartori (Guarçoni et al. 2012b: 407), Fig. 1A–E
Type:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serro, Ceu Aberto Farm, 16 June 2007, flow. cult. 30 July 2010, E. Guarçoni 1474 & M.A. Sartori
(holotype VIC; isotype R!).
Etymology:—The epithet “inflexifolia” (inflexus from Latin, participle of inflecto = bent over, bent; folia = leaf) refers
to the occasional occurrence of curved leaf apex, facing inward, forming a hook (Fig. 1B), a characteristic that can
be only occasionally observed in some individuals in its population. So, this is a morphological characteristic with
occasional occurrence in the population, which alone is not a good morphological character for species differentiation
since it does not occur in all individuals of D. inflexifolia and can be occasionally observed occurs in other species of
the genus.
Observations:—Dyckia inflexifolia was recently described and is known only from the type locality. It is
characterized by having the adaxial side of the leaf blade completely glabrous, a distinctive feature from the remaining
species of the complex. Despite of the morphological similarity in the floral aspects, vegetatively D. inflexifolia and D.
sordida are very different. The first one having relatively short leaves, with blade margins densely and conspicuously
spinose serrate, while in the second one the blade are relatively long and have margins laxly and inconspicuously
spinose serrate (especially in the type collection).
Conservation Status:—This species is only known from the type locality, where its population occupies an area
(AOO) of ca. 1 km². It is susceptible to the mining advancement, because it grows on iron ore-rich rocky outcrops.
According to the criterion B2 ac(ii, iv) and D (IUCN 2012), it is considered a Critically Endangered species (CR).
Additional specimens examined:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serro, Fazenda Céu Aberto, 18 June 2014, H.M.
Büneker 298 et al. (HDCF).
2. Dyckia nobilis H. Büneker, K. Soares & L.C. Assis, sp. nov., Figs. 2A–H and 3A–H
Species morphologice proxima Dyckia sordida et Dyckia inflexifolia. A prima differt habitu semper in rosulis separatis (vs. planta
caespitosa), rosulis cum minor numero foliorum (10–30 vs. 32–50), facies adaxialis laminarum foliaribus albo-cinereibus, dense
lepidotae (vs. sparso et inconspicue lepidotae ad subglabris, cum laminis foliaribus viridibus ad rosaceas, bracteis floralibus cum
marginibus integris (vs. sparso-spinoso-serratis), pedicellis brevioribus (2–3 mm vs. 3–5(–15) mm longis) et sepalis ovato-ellipticis
(vs. ovatis). A secunda differt brevioris numero foliorum (10–30 vs. ca. 40), laminis foliaribus cum marginibus inermis vel generaliter
inconspicuis spinoso-serratis cum face adaxiali semper albo-cinereis, dense lepidotis (vs. marginibus foliaribus denso spinoso-
serratis cum spinis conspicuis et face adaxiali laminarum glabrarum, viridibus ad rubris), flores cum pedicellis brevioribus (2–3 cm
vs. ca. 5 mm longis) et sepalis ovato-ellipticis (vs. ovato-triangularibus).
Type:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serro, cerca de 10 km da sede do município, 18 June 2014, fl., H.M. Büneker 296, L.C. de Assis & K.P.
Soares (holotype HDCF!; isotype RB!).
Plant saxicolous with short rhizomes and forming solitary rosettes, 28–55 cm in diameter, flowering 60–170 cm
high. Leaves 10–30 in number, the inner ones straight, the outer ones suberect or reflexed, sometimes subsecund;
sheaths ca. 6 × 4.5 cm, suborbicular, white, brown-greenish at the base; blades 25–80 × 2.1–6.2 cm, narrowly
triangular, stiff, succulent, arched or rarely straight, adaxial surface concave or flat, with reddish-green epidermis,
densely white-cinereous lepidote on both sides, abaxial surface convex, slightly longitudinally ribbed, the apex
with a straight thorn up to 6 mm long, margins unarmed or laxly serrate, often with inconspicuous spines; spines
up to 4 mm long, patent or rarely retrorse, more concentrated toward the base of the blade. Inflorescence lateral,
erect; peduncle 30–90 × 0.4–1.1 cm, cylindrical, reddish, densely tomentose, of white trichomes in the basal 1/3
and brownish-ferruginous in the middle and upper third; peduncle bracts polystichously arranged, shorter than the
internodes, the basal ones foliaceous, erect, ca. 5 cm long; the upper ones erect, triangular, the apex acute, 1–2.5 ×
1.3–2.6 cm, margins entire or with few inconspicuous spines; fertile part of the inflorescence 25–95 cm long, simple
or paniculate of up to 8 branches and 27–110 flowers; primary bracts ovate-triangular; branches erect or suberect
to arching, positioned at the base of the fertile part of the inflorescence; rachis reddish, covered by tomentose
brownish-ferruginous trichomes; floral bracts ovate-triangular, 0.8–1.5 × 1–2.1 cm, slightly carinate at the apex,
brownish-ferruginous tomentose lepidote, the margins entire, the apex acute-attenuate, those at the base of the
inflorescence exceeding the sepals, rarely exceeding the flowers, those at the apex of the branches exceeded by the
DYCKIA SORDIDA COMPLEX &A NEW SPECIES FROM BRAZIL Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 61
FIGURE 2. A–H. Dyckia nobilis H. Büneker, K. Soares & L.C. Assis (Büneker 296 et al.). A. Habitus. B. Branched inflorescence. C.
Flower in lateral view. D. Top flower. E. Section of a flower. F. Petal and stamen. G. Opened capsule (fruit). H. Seeds.
BÜNEKER ET AL.
62 • Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press
FIGURE 3. A–H. Dyckia nobilis H. Büneker, K. Soares & L.C. Assis (Büneker 296 et al.). A. Habitat. B. Grouped individuals in habitat.
C. Fertile specimen in habitat. D. Rosette. E. Branched inflorescence. F. Flower in lateral view. G. Inflorescence detail. H. Inflorescence
detail with flowers in bud.
DYCKIA SORDIDA COMPLEX &A NEW SPECIES FROM BRAZIL Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 63
sepals. Flowers laxly and polystichously arranged, pedicellate, ca. 1.5 cm long, patent or slightly reflexed during
anthesis; pedicels 2–3 mm; sepals connate at the base for ca. 3 mm, ovate-elliptical, convex, reddish at the base,
orange in the apex, 5–7 × 7–9.5 mm, carinate, succulent, appressed to the petals, sparsely brownish-ferruginous
tomentose, the trichomes dendritic, with ciliate-fimbriate margins, the apex rounded-obtuse, rarely acute; petals
erect suborbicular-rhomboidal, 1–1.3 × 1.8–2 cm, orange, sparsely lepidote on the basal abaxial surface, the apex
rounded or emarginated; hypanthium ca. 2 mm; stamens included; filaments narrowly triangular, yellow-orange,
flat, straight, ca. 2 × 9 mm, connate for ca. 1 mm above the hypanthium, free above the common tube with the
petals, the antesepalous ones adnate to the sepals for ca. 2 mm, the antepetalous ones adnate to the petals for ca.
2.5 mm; anthers dorsifixed, triangular; pistil 9 mm long; ovary ca. 5 × 2.5 mm, yellowish, subcylindrical; style
orange; stigma conduplicate-spiral. Capsules brown or black, globose-ovoid, lustrous, with persistent perianth.
Seeds discoid, hyaline-winged.
Etymology:—The epithet “nobilis” refers to noble, whose Latin origin refers to something that deserves to be
known, famous or beautiful, because it is one of the most beautiful Dyckia species to the authors opinion.
Observations:—Dyckia nobilis is morphologically close related to D. sordida and D. inflexifolia. It differs from
the first one, D. sordida (sensu Forzza & Wanderley 1998) by always having isolated rosettes (vs. being caespitose,
forming clumps, or rarely with isolated rosettes), by having less leaves in the rosettes (10–30 vs. 32–50), by having
the adaxial side of the leaf blades densely white-cinereous lepidote (vs. sparsely and inconspicuously lepidote to
subglabrous, with green to red leaf blades), by having floral bracts with entire margins (vs. sparsely spinose serrate),
by having 2–3 mm long lower pedicels (vs. 3–5(–15) mm long) and by having ovate-elliptic sepals (vs. ovate).
It differs from D. inflexifolia by having less leaves (10–30 vs. ca. 40), by the leaf blades with unarmed margins
or generally with margins inconspicuously and laxly spinose serrate, with the blades adaxially always densely white-
cinereous lepidote (vs. leaf margins conspicuously spinose serrate and the blades adaxially always glabrous, green
to red), by having shorter pedicels (2–3 mm long. vs. ca. 5 mm long) and by having ovate-elliptic sepals (vs. ovate-
triangular).
An unusual characteristic in the genus Dyckia, but present in all specimens of D. nobilis studied, is having the
sepals connate at the base for ca. 3 mm. Although the literature (including descriptions of related species) does not
report this latter characteristic, it was also observed in D. inflexifolia by the present authors (Büneker 298 et al.). Also
unusual in Dyckia is the inability of D. nobilis to reproduce by clonal division. After six years of in situ observation,
no rhizomes or stolons linking to different rosettes were observed. The specimens studied ex situ, from germination to
the semi-adult stage, did not show clonal divisions either.
Forzza (1997) considered the length of flowers pedicels a much variable character that does not fit for distinguishing
D. sordida and D. duarteana (issue further clarified in the D. sordida comments). However, it has been observed that
D. nobilis always has shorter pedicels in comparison to its closely related species. This is one of the most significant
differences of the new species.
Dyckia nobilis is currently known from the type locality only, where it was found growing saxicolous in sedimentary
rock. Due to the plant rarity and beauty, the geographic coordinates are not provided to avoid predatory collections.
D. nobilis grows together with other saxicolous species, especially Bromeliaceae (Alcantarea sp., Encholirium
subsecundum (Baker 1889: 135) Mez (1896: 506), Tillandsia aff. streptocarpa Baker (1887: 241), Tillandsia sp.
and T. recurvata (Linnaeus 1753: 287) Linnaeus (1762: 410)), Arecaceae (Syagrus glaucescens Glaziou ex Beccari
(1916: 470)), Cactaceae (Cipocereus minensis (Werdermann 1933: 93) Ritter (1979: 57) and Pilosocereus aurisetus
(Werdermann 1933: 103) Byles & Rowley (1957: 66)), Malvaceae (Pseudobombax campestre (Martius 1823: 86)
Robyns (1963: 65)), Orchidaceae (Acianthera teres (Lindley 1835: t. 1797) Borba (2003: 23), Hoffmannseggella sp.,
Cyrtopodium sp., Bulbophyllum sp.) and Velloziaceae (Vellozia spp.).
Conservation Status:—Dyckia nobilis is possibly endemic to the type locality and its know population covers an
area (AOO) of ca. 0,01 km2. It is subject to anthropogenic changes, and has low natural regeneration rate. According
to the criteria B2 ac(ii, iv); D of IUCN (2012), it is considered a Critically Endangered species (CR).
Additional specimens examined (paratype):—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serro cerca de 10 km da sede do
município, 28 June 2013, fl., L.C. de Assis, A. Gabrielli & K.P. Soares 60 (HDCF!).
3. Dyckia sordida Baker (1889: 132), Figs. 4A–G
Type:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Itambé, Saint-Hilaire 402 (holotype P!).
=Dyckia duarteana Smith (1967: 480). Type:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó, Estrada para Conceição do Mato Dentro, km 137,
21 April 1950, A.P. Duarte 2749 (holotype RB!).
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FIGURE 4. A–G. Dyckia sordida Baker (A–C. Saint-Hilaire 402) A. Holotype. B. Flower detail in holotype. C. Label detail probably
written by Saint-Hilaire where there has been “Itambe” (Image credits: herbarium P, Barcode: P00438701). (D. Büneker 300 et al.) D.
Inflorescence detail with flowers in bud. (E–G. Soares & Assis s.n.). E. Flower in lateral view. F. Fertile specimen in habitat. G. Rosette
with lateral peduncle.
DYCKIA SORDIDA COMPLEX &A NEW SPECIES FROM BRAZIL Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 65
Etymology:—The brownish-ferruginous indument presented in the peduncle and sepals probably originated the Latin
epithet “sordida” (sordidus = dirty).
Observations:—According Forzza & Wanderley (1998), the inflorescence indument similarity between D. sordida
and D. ursina has provided erroneous identifications of this species in herbaria collections. Despite the similar habit,
in D. sordida clump formation (caespitous plant) is observed, while D. ursina generally presents solitary rosettes. The
peduncle, inflorescence, bract and sepal indument, although brownish-ferruginous in both species, shows distinct kind
of trichomes, being tomentose, dendritic and sparse in D. sordida and lanate, long, simple or branched (in the terminal
portion) and denser in D. ursina (Forzza & Wanderley 1998).
The specimens of the D. sordida from type collection, deposited in the herbarium P, were probably collected in
Pico do Itambé area (Forzza 1997) by Saint-Hilaire (Fig. 5C). However, in a Bromeliaceae survey in this locality,
Versieux (2008) did not report the occurrence of D. sordida there, but only D. glandulosa L.B.Sm. & Reitz (Smith
1967: 484). In search for D. sordida in that locality, we also did not find the species, confirming only the presence of
D. glandulosa. In this case the type population may have been extinguished or the holotype specimen was collected
in some adjacent locality. Searching for historical literature to discovering the exact location where Saint-Hilaire
collected his number 402 (D. sordida type) was not successful because this naturalist often resumed his collection
numbering and his field notebooks have not been accessed, so more than one time the corresponding number (402)
was collected from Minas Gerais; the date of original collection is also impossible to be checked.
The synonymization of D. duarteana under D. sordida by Forzza & Wanderley (1998) was not explained there.
However, Forzza (1997) clarified through studies of protologue and specimens from type-locality that D. duarteana
was described by Smith from only one specimen collected in the Serra do Cipó at MG 010 road on km 137, which is
(D. duarteana holotype, Duarte 2749 RB!). Forzza (1997) argued that the specimen has all characteristics observed
in D. sordida, except for the pedicels size, which are longer (up to 1.5 cm long), and floral bracts that exceeding the
flowers. However, the latter characteristic can be seen in the flowers of the inflorescence base in other species. We
could not verify the occurrence of such high lengths in the pedicels and bracts of D. sordida in any analyzed specimen,
only in the holotype of D. duarteana. Thus, there is no overlap nor a gradient, but there is a gap in the pedicel length
variation (3–5 mm long in D. sordida and 7–15 mm long in D. duarteana). We have not located D. duarteana in situ
(or specimens with D. duarteana characteristics) but E. Guarçoni (personal communication) claims to have located
populations with D. duarteana characteristics. Further studies will be necessary to support D. duarteana as a distinct
species or keep it as a synonym of D. sordida.
Conservation Status:—The species occurs discontinuously with an extension (EOO) of ca. 110 km in the
Espinhaço Mountain Range, mainly in the Serra do Cipó. According to criterion B1 a(i, iii) of IUCN (2012), it is
considered an Endangered species (EN).
Additional specimens examined:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Conceição do Mato Dentro, 27 April 1978, G.
Martinelli 4415 (RB); Santana do Riacho, Km 119 da rodovia Belo Horizonte-Conceição do Mato Dentro, próximo
ao córrego Alto do Palácio, 30 April 1981, A.M. Giulietti s.n. et al. (RB 236422); Km 142 da rodovia Belo Horizonte-
Conceição do Mato Dentro, 11 October 1986, M.G. Wanderley s.n. et al. (SPF 44891); trilha para Cachoeira da
Capivara, 25 October 1996, R.C. Forzza 241 (SPF); Serro, 18 June 2014, H.M. Büneker 300 et al. (HDCF); Vaccaria,
Serra do Cipó, Km 138 da estrada da Conceição, 6 December 1949, Duarte 2106 (RB).
4. Dyckia ursina Smith (1943: 109), Fig. 5A–D
Type:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Jaboticatubas, Serra do Cipó, 12–13 May 1940, Foster 636 (holotype GH!; isotype SP!).
Etymology:—The brown-lanate indument present in the peduncle and sepals probably originated from the Latin
epithet “ursina” (ursinus = Latin for “like a bear”) (Forzza 1997) because it resembles grizzly bear fur.
Observations:—This species is easily recognizable, showing isolated rosettes, with arched, secund leaves,
sessile flowers and subglobular calyx densely brown-lanate lepidote, which are conspicuous characteristics already
highlighted by Smith (1943). The species grows on rock fields of Serra do Cipó. The only known population occurs
in the Chapéu do Sol locality in the Cardeal Mota district, municipality of Santana do Riacho. Some of the vouchers
described as collected in Jaboticatubas have probably been mislabeled as the distribution of D. ursina is restricted to
one population.
Conservation Status:—Dyckia ursina is the only species of the D. sordida complex that is present in the Red
Book of the Flora of Brazil (Forzza et al. 2013). The species is Critically Endangered (CR) under criteria: B2 ab(iii).
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66 • Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press
FIGURE 5. A–D. Dyckia ursina L.B. Sm. (Büneker 294 et al.). A. Rocky slope habitat with fire in the background. B. Simple inflorescence
detail. C. Branched inflorescence detail. D. Specimen in habitat.
DYCKIA SORDIDA COMPLEX &A NEW SPECIES FROM BRAZIL Phytotaxa 244 (1) © 2016 Magnolia Press • 67
Additional specimens examined:—BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó, 5 km ao norte do município de
Jaboticatubas, Chapéu de Sol, 29 April 1952, L.B. Smith 6697 et al. (NY); Santana do Riacho, 11 January 1999,
R.C. Forzza 2078 et al. (SPF); Vale Mãe D’água, 2 May 1993, J.V. Coffani-Nunes s.n. (SPF 126533); Cardeal Mota,
próximo a Chapéu do Sol, 17 June 2014, H.M. Büneker 294 et al. (HDCF); Chapéu do Sol, 1 April 1996, R.C. Forzza
& A. Rapini 231 (SPF); Km 109, Rodovia Belo Horizonte-Conceição do Mato Dentro, 31 May 1991, J.R. Pirani s.n.
(SPF 73424); Estrada Lagoa Santa-Conceição do Mato Dentro, ca. 2 Km depois do camping Véu de Noiva, 12 June
1996, R. Mello-Silva 1086 et al. (SPF).
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Elton M. C. Leme, Rafaela C. Forzza, Fernanda Santos Silva and Elidio Guarçoni for constructive
taxonomic discussions; the Colégio Politécnico da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, the coordinator of Technical
course in Landscaping and Leopoldo Witeck Neto, for the establishment of a living Bromeliaceae collection; the
teacher of Latin Leila Maraschin for helping with species diagnosis, Thais S. do Canto-Dorow and Liliana Essi for
valuable comments during the preparation of this manuscript, reviewing the manuscript and the other reviewer Walter
Till and editor Eric Gouda for their valuable comment.
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