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Annotated checklist of Brazilian mammals

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Abstract

The first edition of this listing of Brazilian mammals was published in 1996. The Lista Anotada dos Mamíferos do Brasil (Fonseca et al., 1996) provided the names of 524 species along with certain biological and ecological characteristics (body weight, diet, locomotor habit and the biomes where they are known to occur), and was for many years the principal reference used to characterize the mammalian fauna of Brazil. The need for a revision was evident following the publication of the third edition of Mammal Species of the World (Wilson & Reeder, 2005). Here, we have maintained the structure of the 1996 edition of the Lista Anotada, while adding some further information: the number of species in each genus and the common names in English and Portuguese, along with the classification of each species in terms of endemic status, and whether it has a restricted (less than 50,000 km²) or widespread distribution. The list is based on published reports of the occurrence of each species and the existence of preserved specimens in collections. For some species, indications of their occurrence in Brazil are hypothetical: probabilities or possibilities based on biogeographic or taxonomic assumptions that are sometimes controversial among the specialists. In these cases, we explain our reasons for including them in the taxonomic notes at the end of the listing for each Order. This revision indicates that as of 2012, 701 mammal species occur in Brazil: 243 genera, 50 families and 12 orders.
OCCASIONAL PAPERS IN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
Adriano P. Paglia, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,
Anthony B. Rylands, Gisela Herrmann,
Ludmilla M. S. Aguiar, Adriano G. Chiarello,
Yuri L. R. Leite, Leonora P. Costa,
Salvatore Siciliano, Maria Cecília M. Kierulff,
Sérgio L. Mendes, Valéria da C. Tavares,
Russell A. Mittermeier & James L. Patton
Occasional Paper No. 6
April, 2012
CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL
Lista Anotada dos Mamíferos do Brasil
2ª Edição
Annotated Checklist of Brazilian Mammals
2nd Edition
OCCASIONAL PAPERS IN CONSERVATION BIOLOGY
Lista Anotada dos Mamíferos do Brasil
Adriano P. Paglia, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca,
Anthony B. Rylands, Gisela Herrmann,
Ludmilla M. S. Aguiar, Adriano G. Chiarello,
Yuri L. R. Leite, Leonora P. Costa,
Salvatore Siciliano, Maria Cecília M. Kierulff,
Sérgio L. Mendes, Valéria da C. Tavares,
Russell A. Mittermeier & James L. Patton
CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL
OCCASIONAL PAPER NO. 6
APRIL 2012
Annotated Checklist of Brazilian Mammals
2ª Edição
2nd Edition
Published by Conservation International
CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL
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Layout: Paula K. Rylands
Cover illustration: Stephen D. Nash
Reference citation:
Paglia, A.P., Fonseca, G.A.B. da, Rylands, A. B., Herrmann, G., Aguiar, L. M. S., Chiarello, A. G., Leite, Y. L. R.,
Costa, L. P., Siciliano, S., Kierulff, M. C. M., Mendes, S. L., Tavares, V. da C., Mittermeier, R. A. & Patton J. L.
2012. Lista Anotada dos Mamíferos do Brasil / Annotated Checklist of Brazilian Mammals. 2ª Edição / 2nd Edition.
Occasional Papers in Conservation Biology, No. 6. Conservation International, Arlington, VA. 76pp.
Capa: Rato-do-cacau, Callistomys pictus (Pictet, 1841), roedor noturno da familia Echimyidae;
uma espécie rara, endêmica da oresta Atlântica da região cacaueira do sul da Bahia.
Cover: Painted Tree-rat, Callistomys pictus (Pictet, 1841), a nocturnal rodent of the Family Echimyidae;
a rare species endemic to the Atlantic forest of the cacao-growing region of southern Bahia.
©2012 Conservation International
All rights reserved
ISBN 978-1-934151-49-5
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Adriano P. Paglia1, Gustavo A. B. da Fonseca2,3, Anthony B. Rylands4, Gisela Herrmann5, Ludmilla M. S.
Aguiar6, Adriano G. Chiarello7, Yuri L. R. Leite8, Leonora P. Costa8, Salvatore Siciliano9, Maria Cecília M.
Kierulff10, Sérgio L. Mendes8, Valéria da C. Tavares3, Russell A. Mittermeier4 & James L. Patton11
1 Departamento de Biologia Geral, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG),
Av. Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brasil, e-mail: <apaglia@icb.ufmg.br>
2 Global Environment Facility, 1818 H Street NW, G 6-602, Washington, DC 20433, USA
3 Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Av.
Antônio Carlos 6627, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, Minas Gerais, Brasil
4 Conservation International, 2011 Crystal Drive, Suite 500, Arlington, VA 22202, USA
5 Valor Natural, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil. E-mail: <gisela@valornatural.org.br>. Tel: +55 31-3342-4180.
6 Laboratório de Biologia e Conservação de Mamíferos, Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia, Universidade
de Brasília, Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro, Asa Norte, Brasília 70910, Distrito Federal, Brasil
7 Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosoa Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo
(USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, São Paulo, Brasil
8 Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES), Av. Marechal Campos 1468,
Maruípe, Vitória 29043-900, Espírito Santo, Brasil
9 Grupo de Estudos de Mamíferos Marinhos da Região dos Lagos (GEMM-Lagos), Departamento de Endemias, Escola
Nacional de Saúde Pública/FIOCRUZ, Rua Leopoldo Bulhões 1480, 6o. Andar, Sala 620, Rio de Janeiro 21041-210,
Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
10 Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Biológicas, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal
do Espírito Santo (UFES), São Mateus 29932-540, Espírito Santo, Brasil
11 Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, 3101 Valley Life Sciences Building, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley,
CA 94720, USA
LISTA ANOTADA DOS MAMÍFEROS DO BRASIL
ANNOTATED CHECKLIST OF BRAZILIAN MAMMALS
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Introdução
Em 1996 foi publicada a primeira revisão consolidada sobre a diversidade de espécies de mamíferos no Brasil.
Além de nomear cada uma das 524 espécies brasileiras então conhecidas, a Lista Anotada dos Mamíferos do Brasil
(Fonseca et al., 1996) indicava também características biológicas e ecológicas dos mamíferos do país. Essa publicação
pioneira foi por muitos anos a principal referência utilizada ao se caracterizar a mastofauna do Brasil. A necessidade
de revisão da Lista Anotada cou evidente após a publicação da terceira edição do livro Mammal Species of the
World (Wilson & Reeder, 2005). Aqui, mantivemos a estrutura padrão da publicação de 1996, porém incorporando
algumas informações adicionais, como a indicação do número de espécies por gênero e por família, o nome comum
em português e inglês, a indicação de endemismo no Brasil, e se a espécie possui ou não distribuição geográca restrita
(menor que 50 mil km²). Para a compilação atual, utilizamos como base a publicação de 1996, acrescida de recentes
compilações, tais como Rylands et al. (2000, 2009), Groves (2001), Wilson & Reeder (2005), Reis et al. (2006, 2007),
Bonvicino et al. (2008), Chiarello et al. (2008), Gardner (2008), Rylands & Mittermeier (2008), Mendes et al. (2010),
Bernard et al. (2011) e De Vivo et al. (2011) e de revisões taxonômicas (e.g., Weksler et al., 2006; Velazco & Gardner,
2009; Lavergne et al., 2010; Velazco et al., 2010; Matauschek et al., 2011; Voss, 2011).
Para a inclusão de uma espécie na lista adotamos como critério a ocorrência no país descrita em periódico
cientíco ou a existência de espécimes tombados em coleções cientícas. Em alguns casos, as indicações de ocorrência
no Brasil são hipóteses: probabilidade ou possibilidades baseadas em pressupostos biogeográcos ou taxonômicos, que
são, em alguns casos, ainda controversas entre os especialistas. Nesses casos, ao nal da lista de cada Ordem, foram
indicadas em notas taxonômicas as razões pelas quais consideramos o registro no país.
A revisão da Lista Anotada indica a ocorrência no Brasil de 701 espécies de mamíferos, distribuídos em 243
Gêneros, 50 Famílias e 12 Ordens (Tabela 1). Seguindo o padrão global, as ordens mais especiosas são Rodentia e
Chiroptera, com respectivamente 34,7% e 24,8% das espécies de mamíferos brasileiras (Tabela 1). A lista de 1996
apontava um total de 524 espécies, tendo havido, portanto um incremento nominal de quase 34% no número de espécies.
A diferença de 177 espécies é parcialmente explicada pela descrição de novas espécies. Entre 1995 (já que a base de
dados para a elaboração da Lista Anotada de 1996 foi consolidada no nal de 1994) e 2011 foram descritas “apenas”
73 espécies de mamíferos, a maioria delas da Ordem Rodentia (Tabela 1), incluindo a descrição, em 2011, de um
novo gênero endêmico da Mata AtlânticaDrymoreomys Percequillo et al., 2011. O restante da diferença entre as
duas edições da Lista Anotada é provavelmente consequência dos avanços na compreensão da taxonomia, logenia e
biogeograa das espécies, propiciados por revisões sistemáticas atuais, muitas vezes incluindo modernas técnicas de
biologia molecular.
A maioria das espécies de mamíferos no Brasil é arborícola (Tabela 2), não restrita ao Brasil e de ampla distribuição
(Figura 1). A Amazônia é o bioma com maior diversidade de espécies de mamíferos (399 espécies), seguida da Mata
Atlântica e do Cerrado (Figura 2). Das 399 espécies de mamíferos amazônicos, 231 (57,8%) não ocorrem em nenhum
outro bioma brasileiro. Essa é a mais alta proporção entre os biomas terrestres. Como comparação, na Mata Atlântica
pouco mais de 30% das espécies de mamíferos são restritas ao bioma, e apenas 3,5% das espécies do Pantanal não
ocorrem em outro bioma brasileiro. A diversidade de espécies de mamíferos em cada bioma brasileiro é diferente entre
as Ordens. A Amazônia possui a maior diversidade de morcegos e de primatas, enquanto que a Mata Atlântica é a mais
rica em espécies de roedores entre os biomas e o Cerrado possui a maior diversidade de carnívoros (Tabela 3).
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As 701 espécies de mamíferos consideradas válidas para o Brasil foram descritas por 232 autores. Destes, 14
contribuíram na descrição de 50% das espécies, com três destes sendo responsáveis por mais de 26% dos mamíferos
reconhecidos no Brasil: Johann A. Wagner (1797–1861), com 34 espécies, Carolus Linnaeus (1707–1778), com 50, e
Michael R. Oldeld Thomas (1858–1929), com 99 espécies.
O número de descrições de espécies de mamíferos no Brasil variou muito desde 1758 (Figura 3). Relativamente
poucas espécies foram descritas ao nal do século XVIII, entre 1780 e 1799, após a morte de Linnaeus em 1778. A
primeira metade do século XIX foi altamente produtiva, mas o número de descrições de espécies caiu drasticamente
em 1850 e permaneceu baixo até 1900. Nota-se uma ressurgência das atividades de descrição de espécies de mamíferos
brasileiros nos primeiros 20 anos do século XX que rapidamente diminui e apenas recupera-se novamente a partir da
década de 1980. Apesar da grande variação temporal, o número de taxonomistas envolvidos foi sempre muito limitado.
De 1800 a 1819, 25 das 84 espécies foram descritas por Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire. Isso se deveu, em parte, como
consequência do saque do Museu de Lisboa após a ocupação de Portugual pelas tropas de Napoleão Bonaparte em 1808,
e a posterior remoção para Paris do material que foi coletado pelo brasileiro Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira, durante sua
expedição de 1783 to 1792 (Areia et al., 1991).
Entre 1881 e 1928, Oldeld Thomas descreveu mais de 2000 espécies de mamíferos, das quais 99 ainda são tidas
como espécies válidas para o Brasil. Ele empregava seus próprios coletores, que coletavam em várias partes do mundo
e enviavam espécimes para o Museu Britânico em Londres. Em 1929 Thomas faleceu deixando um legado de mais de
1000 livros, catálogos e artigos.
Noventa e oito espécies têm, entre seus autores, pesquisadores brasileiros ou residentes no Brasil. O dinamarquês
Peter Wilhelm Lund, em 1839, foi o primeiro naturalista residente a descrever uma espécie de mamífero da nossa fauna
ainda considerada como válida (o roedor equimídeo Thrichomys apereoides), enquanto que o primeiro brasileiro nato
com esse mérito foi o mineiro Alípio de Miranda Ribeiro, que em 1936 descreveu Monodelphis umbristriata.
Os períodos com maior número de descrições nos séculos XVIII (década de 1750), XIX (período entre 1810 a
1849) e XX (1900 a 1919) estão associados ao trabalho de alguns poucos naturalistas, enquanto que o atual momento de
descrição de novas espécies é compartilhado por um número bem maior de autores. Em 1758 Linnaeus descreveu 39
espécies de mamíferos. Entre 1801 a 1819 quatorze autores descreveram 82 espécies, sendo que apenas três (É. Geoffroy
Saint Hilaire, Anselme G. Desmarest e Alexander Von Humboldt) foram responsáveis por quase 60% dessas descrições.
Entre 1900 e 1919 foram descritas 95 espécies por apenas 13 autores, sendo a maioria delas (70) por Oldeld Thomas.
Em contraponto, entre o início da década de 1990 e meados do ano de 2011, 99 autores diferentes descreveram e/ou
revisaram um total de 92 espécies de mamíferos.
Em média 2,2 novas espécies de mamíferos foram descritas no país semestralmente nesses últimos 20 anos.
Nesse período, os pesquisadores que mais participaram da descrição e/ou revisão de espécies de mamíferos brasileiros
foram Cibele R. Bonvicino (12 espécies), Philip Hershkovitz (12), Maria Nazareth F. da Silva (11), Leonora Pires Costa
(6), James Patton (6), Russell A. Mittermeier (6) e João A. de Oliveira (6).
Dentre as 92 espécies descritas nos últimos 20 anos, quase 74% são consideradas até o momento como exclusivas
do Brasil e 53% possuem distribuição restrita. A maioria das espécies descritas nesses últimos 20 anos ocorre na
Amazônia, mas uma elevada proporção é de espécies da Mata Atlântica (Figura 4).
A curva cumulativa de espécies descritas desde Linnaeus em 1758 parece estar distante de uma estabilização
(Figura 5), indicando que muito provavelmente o número de espécies de mamíferos no Brasil ainda deve aumentar. As
principais explicações desse padrão podem ser atríbuídas ao desenvolvimento de novas técnicas para a discriminação
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das espécies (como análises citogenéticas e moleculares), a recente formação de novos taxonomistas/sistematas e as
mudanças de paradigma no que concerne aos conceitos de espécie e subespécie, além da adoção de novas técnicas de
coleta (com consequências diretas especialmente para o grupo dos roedores) e o esforço de inventariamentos em vastas
áreas ainda inexploradas do ponto de vista zoológico, especialmente na Amazônia.
O recente aumento no número de taxonomistas brasileiros trabalhando com mamíferos se deve ao crescimento
de núcleos já consolidados, como o Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZUSP), o Museu Nacional
do Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ), o Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi (MPEG) em Belém, o Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas
da Amazônia (INPA) em Manaus, a Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ) no Rio de Janeiro, a Universidade Federal
do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) e a Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) em Porto Alegre. Além dessas
instituições, nota-se o surgimento recente de novos núcleos de estudos em mastozoologia, como na Universidade Estadual
do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), na Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES) em Vitória, na Universidade Federal de
Minas Gerais (UFMG), em Belo Horizonte, na Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL) e na Universidade Federal
de Lavras (UFLA), dentre outras. A consequência direta é a ampliação do conhecimento sobre a rica diversidade dos
biomas brasileiros, a melhor compreensão de processos ecológicos e evolutivos e a denição de estratégias e ações de
conservação da fauna de mamíferos do Brasil. Esperamos que essa Lista Anotada, agora revista, contribua para esses
propósitos.
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Introduction
The rst edition of this listing of Brazilian mammals was published in 1996. The Lista Anotada dos Mamíferos
do Brasil (Fonseca et al., 1996) provided the names of 524 species along with certain biological and ecological
characteristics (body weight, diet, locomotor habit and the biomes where they are known to occur), and was for many
years the principal reference used to characterize the mammalian fauna of Brazil. The need for a revision was evident
following the publication of the third edition of Mammal Species of the World (Wilson & Reeder, 2005). Here, we
have maintained the structure of the 1996 edition of the Lista Anotada, while adding some further information: the
number of species in each genus and the common names in English and Portuguese, along with the classication of each
species in terms of endemic status, and whether it has a restricted (less than 50,000 km²) or widespread distribution.
This second edition is based on that of 1996 but takes into consideration the recent compilations of Rylands et al. (2000,
2009), Groves (2001), Wilson & Reeder (2005), Reis et al. (2006, 2007), Bonvicino et al. (2008), Chiarello et al. (2008),
Gardner (2008), Rylands & Mittermeier (2008), Mendes et al. (2010), Bernard et al. (2011) and De Vivo et al. (2011),
besides a number of taxonomic revisions (for example, Weksler et al., 2006; Velazco & Gardner, 2009; Velazco et al.,
2010; Lavergne et al., 2010; Matauschek et al., 2011; Voss, 2011).
The list is based on published reports of the occurrence of each species and the existence of preserved specimens
in collections. For some species, indications of their occurrence in Brazil are hypothetical: probabilities or possibilities
based on biogeographic or taxonomic assumptions that are sometimes controversial among the specialists. In these
cases, we explain our reasons for including them in the taxonomic notes at the end of the listing for each Order.
This revision indicates that 701 mammal species occur in Brazil: 243 genera, 50 families and 12 orders (Table
1). Following the pattern worldwide, the most speciose orders are the Rodentia and Chiroptera34.7% and 24.8%,
respectively, of the Brazilian mammals (Table 1). The 1996 list totalled only 524 species, and the 2011 list has increased
this number by almost 34%. The difference of 177 species is only partially due to the description of newly discovered
species. Seventy-three mammals were described for the rst time from 1995 (the 1996 list was nalized at the end
1994) to 2011, the majority of them rodents (Table 1), including the description in 2011 of a new Atlantic Forest endemic
genusDrymoreomys Percequillo et al., 2011. The remainder have come from taxonomic revisions and advances in
our understanding of the phylogeny and biogeography of Brazil’s mammals, not least because of major contributions
from the eld of molecular genetics.
Brazils mammals are mostly arboreal (Table 2) and largely widespread (Figure 1). Amazonia has the most
species (399), followed by the Atlantic Forest and the Cerrado (Figure 2). Two hundred and thirty one (57.8%) of the
399 Amazonian species are strictly Amazonian; the highest degree of endemism among Brazil’s terrestrial biomes.
By comparison, about 30% of the Atlantic forest mammals, and only 3.5% of those in the Pantanal are endemic. The
proportional diversity of species of each order varies among the biomes. Amazonia has the highest diversity of bats
and primates, whereas the Atlantic Forest is the Biome with most rodents, and the Cerrado has the most species of
carnivores (Table 3).
Brazils 701 species were described by 231 authors. Of these, 14 described 50% of the species, and just three were
responsible for more than 26% – Johann A. Wagner (1797–1861) with 34 species, Carl Linné (1707–1778) with 50, and
Michael R. Oldeld Thomas (1858–1929) with 99 species.
The numbers of speciesdescriptions as recorded per decade has varied considerably since 1758 (Figure 3).
Relatively few species were described at the end of the 18th century from 1780 to 1799, following the death of Linnaeus
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in 1778. The rst half of the 19th century was enormously productive but the numbers of species descriptions dropped
precipitously in 1850, and remained low right through to 1900. There was a resurgence of activity in describing
Brazilian mammals over the rst 20 years of the 20th century but this quickly waned, and only picked up again from the
1980s. Despite this variation over time, the number of taxonomists involved has always been limited. Étienne Geoffroy
Saint-Hilaire was responsible for 25 of 84 species described from 1800 to 1819. This was due to the sacking of the
Lisbon Museum by Napolean Bonaparte in 1808, and the resulting removal to Paris of the wealth of material obtained
by the Brazilian, Alexandre Rodrigues Ferreira, during his expeditions in Brazil from 1783 to 1792 (Areia et al., 1991).
From 1881 to 1928, Oldeld Thomas described more than 2,000 species of mammals, 99 of which are considered
to be valid for Brazil. He employed his own collectors, who travelled the world sending material to the British Museum
in London. Thomas died in 1929, leaving a legacy of more than 1,000 books, catalogues and articles.
Ninety-eight species have been described by Brazilians or foreign researchers resident in Brazil. The Dane,
Peter Wilhelm Lund (1801–1880) was the rst, describing the echimyid rodent Thrichomys apereoides in 1839, and the
rst native Brazilian was Alípio de Miranda Ribeiro (1874–1939) from the state of Minas Gerais, who described the
marsupial Monodelphis umbristriata in 1936.
The periods when the largest numbers of species were being described in the 18th century (decade of 1750), 19th
century (from 1810 to 1849) and 20th century (1900 to 1919) are each associated with the dedication of just some few
naturalists, but the current spate of species’ descriptions (from the early 1980s) is the result of a much larger number of
authors. In 1758 Linnaeus described 39 mammals. From 1801 to 1819, fourteen authors described 82 species, but only
three (É. Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, Anselme G. Desmarest and Alexander Von Humboldt) were responsible for almost
58% of them. Ninety-ve species were described from 1900 to 1919 by just 13 authors, the majority of them (70) by
Oldeld Thomas. By contrast, from 1990 to today, 99 authors were involved in taxonomic revisions and the descriptions
of 92 formerly unrecognized species of mammals.
An average of 2.2 mammal species that occur in Brazil have been described each semester over the last 20 years.
Those who have contributed most in the description of new species during this time are Cibele R. Bonvicino (12),
Philip Hershkovitz (12 species), Maria Nazareth F. da Silva (11), Leonora Pires Costa (6), James Patton (6), Russell A.
Mittermeier (6) and João A. de Oliveira (6).
Almost 74% of the 92 Brazilian mammals described over the last 20 years are currently considered to be restricted
to Brazil, and 53% have restricted ranges. Most of them are from Amazonia, but there are also many from the Atlantic
forest (Figure 4).
The plot of the cumulative number of species described since Linnaeus in 1758 shows no evidence of levelling
off (Figure 5), indicating that many species have yet to be found. A number of factors contribute to this continuing
discovery of species. They include the development of new analytical techniques in cytogenetic and molecular genetics,
a recent new cadre of systematists and taxonomists, changes in the our understanding of the concepts of species and
subspecies, the development of new and better capture techniques (contributing especially to the discovery of rodents),
and a considerable increase in surveys and biological inventories in vast and previously unexplored areas of the country,
most notably of course in Amazonia.
The recent increase in the number of Brazilian mammal taxonomists is due to growth in a number of well-
established centers of excellence in this area, notably the Zoology Museum of the University of São Paulo (MZUSP),
the National Museum in Rio de Janeiro (MNRJ), the Emílio Goeldi Museum (MPEG), Belém, the National Institute for
Amazon Research (INPA), Manaus, the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, the Federal University
| 7
of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre. A number of
new nuclei in mammal research have also arisen over the last few years, such as those in the State University of Rio
de Janeiro (UERJ), the Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES), Vitória, the Federal University of Minas Gerais
(UFMG), Belo Horizonte, the State University of Londrina (UEL), and the Federal University of Lavras (UFLA). A
direct consequence of this is an increase in our understanding of the rich biological diversity of Brazil’s biomes, of
the ecological and evolutionary processes at work, and of the best strategies for the conservation of Brazil’s diverse
mammal fauna. We hope that this annotated list will contribute to further research and to the elaboration of strategies
and new measures for the conservation of Brazil’s wildlife.
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Tabela 1 – Número de Famílias, Gêneros e Espécies de mamíferos no Brasil. Number of Families, Genera and Species of
mammals in Brazil
Ordem
Order
Famílias
Families
Gêneros
Genera Espécies
Species
(%)
Novas espécies
New species¹
(%)²
Artiodactyla 2 6 10 (1.4) 1 (10.0)
Carnivora 7 23 33 (4.7) 0
Cetacea 9 27 45 (6.5) 0
Chiroptera 9 65 174 (24.8) 12 (6.9)
Cingulata 1 5 11 (1.6) 0
Didelphimorphia 1 16 55 (7.9) 0
Lagomorpha 1 1 1 (0.1) 0
Perissodactyla 1 1 1 (0.1) 0
Pilosa 4 5 8 (1.1) 0
Primates 5 19 118 (16.8) 10 (8.5)
Rodentia 9 74 234 (34.7) 52 (21.4)
Sirenia 1 1 2 (0.3) 0
Total 50 243 701 73 (10.4)
¹ Descritas a partir de 1995 / Described as from 1995
² Porcentagem em relação ao número de espécies na Ordem / Percentage in relation to the number of species in the Order
Locomoção/Locomotor N (%)
Arborícola / Arboreal 205 (29.3)
Voador / Volant 174 (24.9)
Terrestre / Terrestrial 160 (22.9)
Aquático / Aquatic 54 (7.7)
Escansorial / Scansorial 50 (7.1)
Semi-fossorial 34 (4.8)
Semi-aquático / Semi-aquatic 16 (2.3)
Fossorial 8 (1.1)
Tabela 2 – Número de espécies por hábito de
locomoção. Number of species by locomotor habit.
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Figura 2 Número total de espécies e número de espécies exclusivas a cada bioma no Brasil. Numbers of species in each biome
and numbers exclusive to each biome in Brazil.
Figura 1 – Proporção de espécies de mamíferos endêmicas e de espécies de distribuição restrita. Proportions of Brazilian
mammals that are endemic and that have restricted ranges.
10 |
Tabela 3 – Número de espécies de mamíferos em cada bioma por Ordem. Number of mammal species in each biome by Order.
Ordem
Order Amazon Atlantic
Forest Cerrado Caatinga Pantanal Pampa Marine
Artiodactyla 6 6 6 4 6 5 0
Carnivora 18 20 21 13 18 16 7
Cetacea 1 0 0 0 0 0 45
Chiroptera 146 113 101 77 60 24 0
Cingulata 6 7 8 5 8 5 0
Didelphimorphia 27 22 26 7 14 4 0
Lagomorpha 1 1 1 1 1 1 0
Perissodactyla 1 1 1 1 1 0 0
Pilosa 7 5 4 3 3 2 0
Primates 92 24 5 7 5 1 0
Rodentia 93 98 78 35 25 25 0
Sirenia 1 1 0 0 0 0 2
Total 399 298 251 153 141 83 54
Figura 3 – Número de espécies de mamíferos descritas no Brasil por década entre 1750 (iniciando em 1758) e 2010 (até meados
de 2011). The numbers of Brazilian species described per decade from 1750 (starting in 1758) to 2010 (until mid-2011).
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Figura 4 Número de espécies de mamíferos descritas após 1990 em cada bioma brasileiro. Numbers of mammal species
described since 1990 in each of the Brazilian biomes
Figura 5 – Número cumulativo de espécies de mamíferos brasileiros descritas desde 1758. Cumulative
number of Brazilian mammals described since 1758.
12 |
Biomas Brasileiros / Brazilian Biomes
| 13
Legendas / Legends
Biomas / Biomes
Am – Amazônia / Amazon
MA – Mata Atlântica / Atlantic Forest
Ce – Cerrado / Brazilian Savanah
Ca – Caatinga
Pt – Pantanal
Pp – Pampa
Mar – Marinho / Marine
Dieta / Diet
Ca – Carnívoro / Carnivore
Fr – Frugívoro / Frugivore
Fo – Folívoro / Folivore
Go – Gomívoro / Gumivore
Gr – Granívoro / Granivore
Hb – Herbívoro pastador / Herbivore grazer
He – Hematófago / Sanguivore
In – Insetívoro / Insectivore
Myr – Mirmecófago / Myrmecophage
Nec – Nectarívoro / Nectarivore
On – Onívoro / Omnivore
Pc – Planctófago / Planktivore
Ps – Piscívoro / Piscivore
Se – Predador de sementes / Seed predator
Te – Teutófago / Teuthophagous
Locomoção / Locomotor
Aq – Aquático /Aquatic
Ar – Arborícola / Arboreal
Fs – Fossorial
SA – Semi-aquático / Semiaquatic
Sc – Escansorial / Scansorial
SF – Semi-fossorial / Semifossorial
Te – Terrestre / Terrestrial
Vo – Voador / Volant
Endêmico no Brasil / Endemic to Brazil
Y – Sim / Yes
N – Não / No
DR – Distribuição Restrita / RR – Restricted Range
Y – Sim / Yes
N – Não / No
14 |
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Ordem / Order
DIDELPHIMORPHIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End
BR
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA DIDELPHIDAE (55)
Caluromys (2)
C. lanatus (Olfers, 1818) Am, Ma, Ce, Pt 350-520 g Fr/On Ar N N Cuíca-lanosa / Brown-eared Woolly Opossum
C. philander (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 140-390 g Fr/On Ar N N Cuíca-lanosa / Bare-tailed Woolly Opossum
Caluromysiops (1)
C. irrupta Sanborn, 1951 Am 250 g Fr/On Ar N N Cuíca / Black-shouldered Opossum
Chironectes (1)
C. minimus (Zimmermann, 1780) Am, MA, Ce, Pt, Pp 550-790 g Ps SA N N Cuíca-d’água / Water Opossum
Cryptonanus (3)
C. agricolai (Moojen, 1943) Ce, Ca 18 g In/On Ar S N Catita / Moojen’s Dwarf Mouse Opossum
C. chacoensis (Tate, 1931) 1Pt 16 g In/On Ar N N Catita / Chaco Dwarf Mouse Opossum
C. guahybae (Tate, 1931) MA 18 g In/On Ar S S Catita / Guaiba Dwarf Mouse Opossum
Didelphis (4)
D. albiventris Lund, 1840 Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 500-2700 g Fr/On Sc N N Gambá, sarué / Guaiba Dwarf Mouse Opossum
D. aurita (Wied-Neuwied, 1826) MA 670-1800 g Fr/On Sc N N Gambá, mucura / Big-eared Opossum
D. imperfecta Mondol & Pérez-Hernández, 1984 Am 600-1000 g Fr/On Sc N N Gambá, mucura / Guianan White-eared
Opossum
D. marsupialis Linnaeus, 1758 Am 1000-1700 g Fr/On Sc N N Gambá, mucura / Common Opossum
Glironia (1)
G. venusta Thomas, 1912 Am 150 g In/On Ar N N Cuíca / Bushy-tailed opossum
Gracilinanus (3)
G. agilis (Burmeister, 1854) Ce, Ca, Pt 13-40 g In/On Ar N N Cuíca / Agile Gracile Opossum
G. emiliae (Thomas, 1909) Am 10 g In/On Ar N N Cuíca / Emilia’s Gracile Opossum
G. microtarsus (Wagner, 1842) MA 12-52 g In/On Ar S N Cuíca / Brazilian Gracile Opossum
14 |
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Ordem / Order
DIDELPHIMORPHIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End
BR
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Hyladelphys (1)
H. kalinowskii (Hershkovitz, 1992) 2Am 13-18 g In/On Sc N N Catita / Kalinowski’s Mouse Opossum
Lutreolina (1)
L. crassicaudata (Desmarest, 1804) MA, Ce, Pt, Pp 200-800 g Ps Te N N Cuíca-de-cauda-grossa / Lutrine Opossum
Marmosa (2)
M. lepida (Thomas, 1888) Am 12-23 g In/On Sc N N Catita, guaiquica / Rufous Mouse Opossum
M. murina (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 52 g In/On Sc N N Catita, guaiquica / Linnaeus’s Mouse Opossum
Marmosops (9)
M. bishopi (Pine, 1981) Am 17-22 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca / Bishop’s Slender Opossum
M. impavidus (Tschudi, 1844) Am 25-49 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca / Tschudi’s Slender Opossum
M. incanus (Lund, 1840) MA, Ce, Ca 20-140 g In/On Sc S N Cuíca / Gray Slender Opossum
M. neblina Gardner, 1989 Am 40-45 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca / Neblina Slender Opossum
M. noctivagus (Tschudi, 1845) Am 36-60 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca / White-bellied Slender Opossum
M. ocellatus (Tate, 1931) 1Ce, Pt 24-39 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca / Santa Cruz Slender Opossum
M. parvidens (Tate, 1931) Am 21-31 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca / Delicate Slender Opossum
M. paulensis (Tate, 1931) MA 16-70 g In/On Sc S N Cuíca / Brazilian Slender Opossum
M. pinheroi (Pine, 1981) Am 19-33 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca / Pinheiro’s Slender Opossum
Metachirus (1)
M. nudicaudatus (Desmarest, 1817) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 300-480 g In/On Te N N Cuíca-de-quatro-olhos / Guianan Brown Four-
eyed Opossum
Micoureus (4)
M. constantiae (Thomas, 1904) Ce, Pt 90 g In/On Ar N N Cuíca, catita / White-bellied Woolly Mouse
Opossum
16 |
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Ordem / Order
DIDELPHIMORPHIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End
BR
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
M. demerarae (Thomas, 1905) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 90-150 g In/On Ar N N Cuíca, catita / Woolly Mouse Opossum
M. paraguayanus (Tate, 1931) MA, Ce 120-175 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca, catita / Tate’s Woolly Mouse Opossum
M. regina (Thomas, 1898) Am 100 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca, catita / Bare-tailed Woolly Mouse
Opossum
Monodelphis (15)
M. americana (Müller, 1776) MA, Ce 23-35 g In/On Te N N Cuíca-de-três-listras / Northern Three-striped
Opossum
M. brevicaudata (Erxleben, 1777) Am 84 g In/On Te N N Catita / Northern Red-sided Opossum
M. dimidiata (Wagner, 1847) MA, Pp 40-84 g In/On Te N N Catita, cuíca-anã / Yellow-sided Opossum
M. domestica (Wagner, 1842) MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 67 g In/On Te N N Catita, cuíca-de-rabo-curto / Gray Short-tailed
Opossum
M. emiliae (Thomas, 1912) Am 60 g In/On Te N N Catita / Emilia’s Short-tailed Opossum
M. glirina (Wagner, 1842) Am 50 g In/On Te N N Catita / Amazonian Red-Sided Opossum
M. iheringi (Thomas, 1888) Ma 11 g In/On Te N N Catita, guaiquica-listrada / Ihering’s Three-
striped Opossum
M. kunsi Pine, 1975 Ce 20 g In/On Te N N Catita / Pygmy Short-tailed Opossum
M. maraxina Thomas, 1923 Am 67 g In/On Te S S Catita / Marajó Short- tailed Opossum
M. rubida (Thomas, 1899) 3Ma 45 g In/On Te S S Catita / Chestnut-striped Opossum
M. scalops (Thomas, 1888) Ma 74 g In/On Te N N Catita / Long-nosed Short-tailed Opossum
M. sorex (Hensel, 1872) MA, Ce 48 g In/On Te N N Catita / Southern Red-sided Opossum
M. theresa Thomas, 1921 MA 25 g In/On Te S S Catita / Southern Three-striped Opossum
M. umbristriata (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1936) 4Ce 90 g In/On Te S S Catita / Red Three-striped Opossum
M. unistriata (Wagner, 1842) 5Ce 50 g In/On Te S S Catita / One-striped Opossum
Philander (4)
P. andersoni (Osgood, 1913) 6Am 225-425 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca-de-quatro-olhos / Anderson’s Four-eyed
Opossum
16 |
| 17
Notas Taxonômicas
1- Ocorrência no Brasil conrmada por Rossi et al. (2006).
2- Registro no Brasil em Astúa (2006).
3- Segundo Gardner (2005) a espécie ocorre de Goiás até São Paulo, mas Carmignotto (2004) não lista a espécie para o Cerrado.
4- Distribuição restrita a Goiás segundo Carmignotto (2004).
5- Essa espécie não é reconhecida por Gomes (1991), mas é listada em Gardner (2005). Seu status taxonômico depende de uma completa revisão do gênero.
6- Registros no Brasil documentados por Patton et al. (2000).
Taxonomic Notes
1- Occurence in Brazil conrmed by Rossi et al. (2006).
2- Records in Brazil from Astúa (2006).
3- According to Gardner (2005), the species occurs in Goiás to São Paulo, but it is not listed for the Cerrado by Carmignotto (2004).
4- Distribution restricted to Goiás according to Carmignotto (2004).
5- This species is not recognized by Gomes (1991), but is listed in Gardner (2005). Its taxonomic status awaits a much-needed full revision of the genus.
6- Records in Brazil documented by Patton et al. (2000).
Ordem / Order
DIDELPHIMORPHIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End
BR
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
P. frenatus (Olfers, 1818) MA, Ce 220-680 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca-de-quatro-olhos / Southeastern Four-eyed
Opossum
P. mcilhennyi Gardner & Patton, 1972 Am 400 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca-de-quatro-olhos / McIlhenny’s Four-eyed
Opossum
P. opossum (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, Ce, Pt 280-700 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca-de-quatro-olhos / Gray Four-Eyed
Opossum
Thylamys (3)
T. karimii (Petter, 1968) Ce, Ca 16-43 g In/On Sc S N Cuíca, catita / Karimi’s Fat-tailed Mouse
Opossum
T. macrurus (Olfers, 1818) Ce, Pt 30-55 g In/On Sc N N Cuíca, catita / Paraguayan Fat-tailed Mouse
Opossum
T. velutinus (Wagner, 1842) Ce 13-36 g In/On Sc S N Cuíca, catita / Dwarf Fat-tailed Mouse Opossum
18 |
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Ordem / Order
PILOSA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA BRADYPODIDAE (3)
Bradypus (3)
B. torquatus Illiger, 1811 MA 6.6 kg Fo Ar S N Preguiça-de-coleira / Maned Sloth
B. tridactylus Linnaeus, 1758 Am 4.65 kg Fo Ar N N Preguiça-de-três-dedos / Pale-throated Sloth
B. variegatus Schinz, 1825 Am, MA 3.9 kg Fo Ar N N Preguiça, bicho-preguiça / Brown-throated Sloth
FAMILIA CYCLOPEDIDAE (1)
Cyclopes (1)
C. didactylus (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce 400 g Myr Ar N N Tamanduá-i / Silky Anteater
FAMILIA MEGALONYCHIDAE (2)
Choloepus (2)
C. didactylus (Linnaeus, 1758) Am 6.2 kg Fo Ar N N Preguiça-real / Linnaeus’s Two-toed Sloth
C. hoffmanni Peters, 1858 Am 5.7 kg Fo Ar N N Preguiça-real / Hoffmann’s Two-toed Sloth
FAMILIA MYRMECOPHAGIDAE (2)
Myrmecophaga (1)
M. tridactyla Linnaeus, 1758 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 30.5 kg Myr Te N N Tamanduá-bandeira / Giant Anteater
Tamandua (1)
T. tetradactyla (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 5.2 kg Myr Sc N N Tamanduá-de-colete, tamanduá-mirim / Southern
Tamandua
18 |
| 19
Ordem / Order
CINGULATA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA DASYPODIDAE (11)
Cabassous (3)
C. chacoensis Wetzel, 1980 Pt 2 kg Myr SF N N Tatu-de-rabo-mole-pequeno / Chacoan Naked-tailed
Armadillo
C. tatouay (Desmarest, 1804) MA, Ce, Pt, Pp 5.35 kg Myr SF N N Tatu-de-rabo-mole-grande / Greater Naked-tailed
Armadillo
C. unicinctus (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 3.2 kg Myr SF N N Tatu-de-rabo-mole / Southern Naked-tailed Armadillo
Dasypus (4)
D. hybridus (Desmarest, 1804) MA, Pp 1.5 kg In/On SF N N Tatu, tatu-mulita / Southern Long-nosed Armadillo
D. kappleri Krauss, 1862 Am 9.5 kg In/On SF N N Tatu, tatu-de-quinze-quilos / Greater Long-nosed
Armadillo
D. novemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758 AM, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 3.65 kg In/On SF N N Tatu, tatu-galinha / Nine-banded Armadillo
D. septemcinctus Linnaeus, 1758 AM, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 1.5 kg In/On SF N N Tatu, tatu-mulita, tatuí / Seven-banded Armadillo
Euphractus (1)
E. sexcinctus (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 5.4 kg In/On SF N N Tatu-peludo, tatu-peba / Six-banded Armadillo
Priodontes (1)
P. maximus (Kerr, 1792) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 26.8 kg Myr SF N N Tatu-canastra / Giant Armadillo
Tolypeutes (2)
T. matacus (Desmarest, 1804) Ce, Pt 1.1 kg In/On SF N N Tatu-bola / Southern Three-banded Armadillo
T. tricinctus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ce, Ca 1.53 kg In/On SF S N Tatu-bola / Brazilian Three-banded Armadillo
20 |
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Ordem / Order
ARTIODACTYLA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA CERVIDAE (10)
Blastocerus (1)
B. dichotomus (Illiger, 1815) Ce, Pt 100 kg (f)
130 kg (m) Hb Te N N Cervo-do-Pantanal / Marsh Deer
Mazama (5)
M. americana (Erxleben, 1777) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 24-48 kg Fr/Hb Te N N Veado-mateiro / South American Red Brocket
M. bororo Duarte, 1996 1MA 25 kg Fr/Hb Te S N Veado-bororó-de-São-Paulo / São Paulo Bororó
M. gouazoubira (G. Fischer, 1814) 2Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 17-25 kg Fr/Hb Te N N Veado-catingueiro / South American Brow
Brocket
M. nana (Hensel, 1872) MA, Pp 15-20 kg Fr/Hb Te S N Veado-bororó-do-sul / Southern Bororó
M. nemorivaga (F. Cuvier, 1817) 3Am 15-25 kg Fr/Hb Te N N Veado-da-Amazônia / Amazonian Brown
Brocket Deer
Odocoileus (1)
O. virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780) Am 30 kg (f)
50 kg (m) Hb Te N N Veado-da-cara-branca, Caricacu / White-tailed
Deer
Ordem / Order
PERISSODACTYLA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotiotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA TAPIRIIDAE (1)
Tapirus (1)
T. terrestris (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 260 kg Hb/Fr Te N N Anta / South American Tapir
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| 21
Notas Taxonômicas
1- Listado em Grubb (2005) e descrito em Duarte & Jorge (2003).
2- Segundo Wilson & Reeder (2005) M. gouazoubira é o nome correto.
3- M. nemorivaga foi considerada como subespécie de M. gouazoubira por Grubb (2005), porém Duarte et al. (2008) reconhecem como espécie distinta.
Taxonomic Notes
1- Described by Duarte in Duarte & Jorge (2003) and listed in Grubb (2005).
2- Mazama gouazoubira is the correct name according to Grubb (2005).
3- Mazama nemorivaga was considered to be a subspecies of M. gouazoubira by Wilson & Reeder (2005), but Duarte et al. (2008) considered it a distinct species.
Ordem / Order
SIRENIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA TRICHECHIDAE (2)
Trichechus (2)
T. inunguis (Natterer, 1883) Am 500 kg Hb Aq N N Peixe-boi-da-Amazônia / Amazonian Manatee
T. manatus Linnaeus, 1758 MA, Mar 700 kg Hb Aq N N Peixe-boi-marinho / West Indian Manatee
Ordem / Order
ARTIODACTYLA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Ozotoceros (1)
O. bezoarticus (Linnaeus, 1758) Ce, Pt, Pp 30-40 kg Hb Te N N Veado-campeiro / Pampas Deer
Pecari (1)
P. tajacu (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 17-35 kg Fr/Hb Te N N Cateto, caititu / Collared Peccary
Tayassu (1)
T. pecari (Link, 1795) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 25-45 kg Fr/Hb Te N N Queixada, porco-do-mato / White-lipped Peccary
22 |
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Ordem / Order
CETACEA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA BALAENIDAE (1)
Eubalaena (1)
E. australis (Desmoulins, 1822) Mar 100 000 kg Pc Aq N N Baleia-franca-austral / Southern Right Whale
FAMILIA BALAENOPTERIDAE (7)
Balaenoptera (6)
B. acutorostrata Lacépède, 1804 1Mar 14 000 kg Ps/Pc Aq N N Baleia-minke-anã / Common Minke Whale
B. bonaerensis Burmeister, 1867 2Mar 18 500 kg Ps/Pc Aq N N Baleia-minke-antártica / Antarctic Minke Whale
B. borealis Lesson, 1828 Mar 30 000 kg Pc Aq N N Baleia-sei / Sei Whale
B. edeni Anderson, 1879 3Mar 75 000 kg Pc Aq N N Baleia-tropical, rorqual-tropical / Bryde’s Whale
B. musculus (Linnaeus, 1758) Mar 160 000 kg Pc Aq N N Baleia-azul / Blue Whale
B. physalus (Linnaeus, 1758) Mar 75 000 kg Ps/Pc Aq N N Baleia-n / Fin Whale
Megaptera (1)
M. novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781) Mar 35 000 kg Pc Aq N N Baleia-jubarte / Humpback Whale
FAMILIA DELPHINIDAE (21)
Cephalorhynchus (1)
C. commersonii (Lacépède, 1804) 4Mar 90 kg Ps/Pc/Te Aq N N Toninha-overa / Commerson’s Dolphin
Delphinus (1)
D. delphis Linnaeus, 1758 5Mar 110 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Golnho-comum / Short-beaked Common Dolphin
Feresa (1)
F. attenuata Gray, 1874 6Mar 170 kg Ps Aq N N Orca-pigméia / Pygmy Killer Whale
22 |
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Ordem / Order
CETACEA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Globicephala (2)
G. macrorhynchus Gray, 1846 Mar 1 800 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-piloto-de-peitorais-curtas / Short-nned Pilot Whale
G. melas (Traill, 1809) Mar 2 200 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-piloto-de-peitorais-longas / Long-nned Pilot Whale
Grampus (1)
G. griseus (G. Cuvier, 1812) Mar 380 kg Te Aq N N Golnho-de-Risso / Risso’s Dolphin
Lagenodelphis (1)
L. hosei Fraser, 1956 7Mar 160 kg Ps Aq N N Golnho-de-Fraser / Fraser’s Dolphin
Lagenorhynchus (1)
L. australis (Peale, 1848) 4Mar 100 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Golnho-austral / Peale’s Dolphin
Lissodelphis (1)
L. peronii (Lacépède, 1804) Mar 100 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Golnho-liso-do-sul / Southern Right Whale Dolphin
Orcinus (1)
O. orca (Linnaeus, 1758) Mar 75 000 kg Ca Aq N N Orca / Killer Whale
Peponocephala (1)
P. electra (Owen, 1846) Mar 150 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Golnho-cabeça-de-melão / Melon-headed Whale
Pseudorca (1)
P. crassidens (Owen, 1846) Mar 1 150 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Falsa-orca, canjerão / False Killer Whale
Sotalia (2)
S. uviatilis (Gervais & Deville, 1853) 8Mar 70 kg Ps Aq N N Tucuxi / Tucuxi
S. guianensis (van Bénéden, 1864) 8Mar 90 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Boto-cinza / Guiana Dolphin
Stenella (5)
S. attenuata (Gray, 1846) 9Mar 100 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Golnho-pintado-pantropical / Pantropical Spotted Dolphin
24 |
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Ordem / Order
CETACEA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
S. clymene (Gray, 1850) 9Mar 100 kg Ps Aq N N Golnho-de-Clymene / Clymene Dolphin
S. coeruleoalba (Meyen, 1833) 9Mar 150 kg Te Aq N N Golnho-listrado / Striped Dolphin
S. frontalis (G. Cuvier, 1829) 9Mar 100 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Golnho-pintado-do-Atlântico / Atlantic Spotted Dolphin
S. longirostris (Gray, 1828) 9Mar 100 kg Ps Aq N N Golnho-rotador / Spinner Dolphin
Steno (1)
S. bredanensis (G. Cuvier in Lesson, 1828) Mar 250 kg Ps Aq N N Golnho-de-dentes-rugosos / Rough-toothed Dolphin
Tursiops (1)
T. truncatus (Montagu, 1821) Mar 280 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Golnho-nariz-de-garrafa / Bottlenose Dolphin
FAMILIA INIIDAE (1)
Inia (1)
I. geoffrensis (Blainville, 1817) Am, Mar 100 kg Ps Aq N N Boto-vermelho, boto-malhado / Amazon River Dolphin
FAMILIA KOGIIDAE (2)
Kogia (2)
K. breviceps (Blainville, 1838) Mar 300 kg Te Aq N N Cachalote-pigmeu / Pygmy Sperm Whale
K. sima (Owen, 1866) Mar 240 kg Te Aq N N Cachalote-anão / Dwarf Sperm Whale
FAMILIA PHOCOENIDAE (2)
Phocoena (2)
P. dioptrica Lahille, 1912 4Mar 90 kg Ps Aq N N Boto-de-Lahille / Spectacled Porpoise
P. spinipinnis Burmeister, 1865 Mar 75 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Boto-de-dorsal-espinhosa / Burmeister Porpoise
FAMILIA PHYSETERIDAE (1)
Physeter (1)
P. macrocephalus Linnaeus, 1758 Mar 40 kg Te Aq N N Cachalote / Sperm Whale
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Ordem / Order
CETACEA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA PONTOPORIIDAE (1)
Pontoporia (1)
P. blainvillei (Gervais & d’Orbigny, 1844) Mar 40 kg Ps/Te Aq N N Toninha, manico, boto-amarelo / Franciscana
FAMILIA ZIPHIIDAE (9)
Berardius (1)
B. arnuxii Duvernoy, 1851 10 Mar 6 500 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-Arnoux / Arnoux’s Beaked Whale
Hyperoodon (1)
H. planifrons Flower, 1882 Mar 4 500 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-frente-plana / Southern Bottlenose Whale
Mesoplodon (6)
M. densirostris (Blainville, 1817) 11 Mar 1 200 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-Blainville / Blainville Beaked Whale
M. europaeus (Gervais, 1855) 12 Mar 1 100 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-Gervais / Gervais’ Beaked Whale
M. grayi von Haast, 1876 13 Mar 1 000 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-Gray / Gray’s Beaked Whale
M. hectori (Gray, 1871) Mar 1 000 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-Hector / Hector’s Beaked Whale
M. layardii (Gray, 1865) 4Mar 1 200 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-Layard / Strap-toothed Whale
M. mirus True, 1913 14 Mar 1 100 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-True / True’s Beaked Whale
Ziphius (1)
Z. cavirostris G. Cuvier, 1823 Mar 2 500 kg Te Aq N N Baleia-bicuda-de-Cuvier / Cuvier’s Beaked Whale
Notas Taxonômicas/ Taxonomic Notes
Ocorrência para a costa do Brasil citada em: / Occurrence off the Brazilian coast cited by:
1- Zerbini et al. (1996); 2- Zerbini et al. (1997). Meade & Brownell (2005) indicam ocorrência em águas polares a tropicais no hemisfério sul / Meade & Brownell (2005) indicate
its occurrence in tropical and polar waters in the southern hemisphere. 3- Revisão sendo feita de acordo com Sasaki et al. (2006). Revision underway following Sasaki et al. (2006).
4- Pinedo et al. (2002); 5- Tavares (2006); 6- Zerbini & Santos (1997); 7- Moreno et al. (2003); 8- Caballero et al. (2008); 9- Moreno et al. (2005); 10- Siciliano & Santos (2003); 11-
Secchi & Zarzur (1999); 12- Santos et al. (2003); 13- Pinedo et al. (2001); 14- Souza et al. (2005).
26 |
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Ordem / Order
PRIMATES
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA AOTIDAE (6)
Aotus (6)
A. azarae (Humboldt, 1811) Am 1 250 g Fr/Fo/In Ar N N Macaco-da-noite / Azara’s Night Monkey
A. infulatus (Kuhl, 1820) Am 1 015 g Fr/Fo/In Ar S N Macaco-da-noite / Feline Night Monkey
A. nancymaae Hershkovitz, 1983 Am 790 g Fr/Fo/In Ar N N Macaco-da-noite / Nancy Ma’s Night Monkey
A. nigriceps Dollman, 1909 Am 800-1100 g Fr/Fo/In Ar N N Macaco-da-noite / Black-headed Night Monkey
A. trivirgatus (Humboldt, 1811) Am 950 g Fr/Fo/In Ar N N Macaco-da-noite / Northern Night Monkey
A. vociferans (Spix, 1823) Am 700 g Fr/Fo/In Ar N N Macaco-da-noite / Noisy Night Monkey
FAMILIA ATELIDAE (19)
Alouatta (10) 1
A. belzebul (Linnaeus, 1766) Am, MA 4.85-8.0 kg Fo/Fr Ar S N Guariba-de-mãos-ruivas / Red-handed Howler
Monkey
A. caraya (Humboldt, 1812) MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 3.8-8.2 kg Fo/Fr Ar N N Barbado, bugio / Black-and-Gold Howler Monkey
A. discolor (Spix, 1823) Am 6.4 kg Fo/Fr Ar S N Guariba-de-mãos-ruivas / Spix’s Red-handed Howler
Monkey
A. guariba (Humboldt, 1812) MA 4.1-7.15 kg Fo/Fr Ar N N Bugio-ruivo, guariba / Brown Howler Monkey
A. juara Elliot, 1910 Am 6.6 kg Fo/Fr Ar N N Guariba, bugio, barbado / Juruá Red Howler Monkey
A. macconnelli Elliot, 1910 Am 6.0 kg Fo/Fr Ar N N Guariba, bugio / Guianan Red Howler Monkey
A. nigerrima Lönnberg, 1941 Am 6.6 kg Fo/Fr Ar S N Guariba, bugio, barbado / Black Howler Monkey
A. puruensis Lönnberg, 1941 Am 6.6 kg Fo/Fr Ar N N Guariba, bugio, barbado / Purús Red Howler Monkey
A. seniculus (Linnaeus, 1766) Am 4.2-9.0 kg Fo/Fr Ar N N Guariba, bugio / Colombian Red Howler Monkey
A. ululata Elliot, 1912 Am, Ca 6.4 kg Fo/Fr Ar S S Guariba-de-mãos-ruivas / Maranhão Red-handed
Howler Monkey
26 |
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Ordem / Order
PRIMATES
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Ateles (4)
A. belzebuth É. Geoffroy, 1806 Am 7.5-10.4 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Coatá, macaco-aranha / White-bellied Spider Monkey
A. chamek (Humboldt, 1812) Am 7.0 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Coatá, macaco-aranha-da-cara-preta / Black-faced
Black Spider Monkey
A. marginatus É. Geoffroy, 1809 Am 5.0-6.0 kg Fr/Fo Ar S N Coatá, macaco-aranha / White-whiskered Spider
Monkey
A. paniscus (Linnaeus, 1758) Am 5.5-9.2 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Coatá, macaco-aranha / Guiana Black Spider Monkey
Brachyteles (2)
B. arachnoides (É. Geoffroy, 1806) MA 9.4-12.1 kg Fr/Fo Ar S N Muriqui-do-sul, mono-carvoeiro / Southern Muriqui
B. hypoxanthus (Kuhl, 1820) MA 13.0 kg Fr/Fo Ar S N Muriqui-do-norte, mono-carvoeiro / Northern Muriqui
Lagothrix (3)
L. cana (É. Geoffroy, 1812) Am 7.0-10.0 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Macaco-barrigudo / Geoffroy’s Woolly Monkey
L. lagothricha (Humboldt, 1812) Am 7.0-10.0 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Macaco-barrigudo / Humboldt’s Woolly Monkey
L. poeppigii Schinz, 1844 Am 7.0-10.0 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Macaco-barrigudo-prateado / Poeppig’s Woolly
Monkey
FAMILIA CALLITRICHIDAE (39)
Callibella (1)
C. humilis (M. G. M. van Roosmalen, T. van
Roosmalen, Mittermeier & Fonseca, 1998) 2Am 165 g In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-anão / Black-crowned Dwarf Marmoset
Callimico (1)
C. goeldii (Thomas, 1904) Am 400-535 g Fr/In Ar N N Sagui-de-Goeldi / Goeldi’s Monkey
Callithrix (6)
C. aurita (É. Geoffroy, 1812) MA 400 g Fr/In/Go Ar S N Sagüi-da-serra-escuro / Buffy-tufted-ear Marmoset
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Ordem / Order
PRIMATES
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
C. aviceps (Thomas, 1903) MA 400 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-da-serra / Buffy-headed Marmoset
C. geoffroyi (Humboldt, 1812) MA 230-350 g Fr/In/Go Ar S N Sagüi-de-cara-branca / Geoffroy’s Tufted-ear
Marmoset
C. jacchus (Linnaeus, 1758) MA 230-350 g Fr/In/Go Ar S N Sagüi-de-tufos-branco / Common Marmoset
C. kuhlii Coimbra-Filho, 1985 MA 230-400 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi / Wied’s Black-tufted-ear Marmoset
C. penicillata (É. Geoffroy, 1812) MA, Ce, Ca 250 g Fr/In/Go Ar S N Sagüi, mico-estrela / Black-tufted-ear Marmoset
Cebuella (1)
C. pygmaea (Spix, 1823) Am 100-160 g In/Go Ar N N Sagüi-leãozinho / Pygmy Marmoset
Leontopithecus (4)
L. caissara Lorini & Persson, 1990 MA 570 g Fr/In Ar S S Mico-leão-de-cara-preta / Black-faced Lion Tamarin
L. chrysomelas (Kuhl, 1820) MA 500-700 g Fr/In Ar S S Mico-leão-de-cara-dourada / Golden-headed Lion
Tamarin
L. chrysopygus (Mikan, 1823) MA 540-690 g Fr/In Ar S S Mico-leão-preto / Black Lion Tamarin
L. rosalia (Linnaeus, 1766) MA 400-800 g Fr/In Ar S S Mico-leão-dourado / Golden Lion Tamarin
Mico (14)
M. acariensis (M. G. M. van Roosmalen,
T. van Roosmalen, Mittermeier & Rylands,
2000)
Am 420 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi / Rio Acarí Marmoset
M. argentatus (Linnaeus, 1771) Am 355 g Fr/In/Go Ar S N Sagüi-branco / Silvery Marmoset
M. chrysoleucos (Wagner, 1842) Am 350 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sauim / Golden-white Tassel-ear Marmoset
M. emiliae (Thomas, 1920) Am 313 g Fr/In/Go Ar S N Sauim / Snethlage’s Marmoset
M. humeralifer (É. Geoffroy, 1812) Am 280-310 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi / Black and White tassel-ear Marmoset
M. intermedius (Hershkovitz, 1977) Am 350 g Fr/In/Go Ar S N Sagüi / Aripuanã Marmoset
M. leucippe (Thomas, 1922) Am 420 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sauim / Golden-white Bare-ear Marmoset
28 |
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Ordem / Order
PRIMATES
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
M. manicorensis (M. G. M. van Roosmalen,
T. van Roosmalen, Mittermeier & Rylands,
2000)
Am 135 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-de-Manicoré / Manicoré Marmoset
M. marcai (Alperin, 1993) Am 350 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-de-Marca / Marca’s Marmoset
M. mauesi (Mittermeier, M. Schwarz &
Ayres, 1992) Am 315-405 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-de-Maués / Maués Marmoset
M. melanurus (É. Geoffroy, 1812) Am, Ce, Pt 260 g Fr/In/Go Ar N N Sagüi-de-rabo-preto / Black-tailed Marmoset
M. nigriceps (Ferrari & Lopes, 1992) Am 370 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-de-cabeça-preta / Black-headed Marmoset
M. rondoni Ferrari, Sena, Schneider & Silva
Junior, 2010 Am 250-400 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-de-Rondônia / Rondônia Marmoset
M. saterei (Silva Junior & Noronha, 1998) Am 400-470 g Fr/In/Go Ar S S Sagüi-de-Sateré / Sateré Marmoset
Saguinus (12)
S. bicolor (Spix, 1823) Am 430 g Fr/In Ar S S Sauim-de-coleira / Pied Tamarin
S. fuscicollis (Spix, 1823) 3Am 387-403 g Fr/In Ar N N Sagüi-de-cara-suja / Spix’s Saddleback Tamarin
S. fuscus (Lesson, 1840) Am 400 g Fr/In Ar N N Sauim / Lesson’s Saddle-back tamarin
S. imperator (Goeldi, 1907) Am 450 g Fr/In Ar N N Sagüi-imperador / Emperor Tamarin
S. inustus (Schwarz, 1951) Am 460 g Fr/In Ar N N Sauim / Mottled-face Tamarin
S. labiatus (É. Geoffroy, 1812) Am 460 g Fr/In Ar N N Sagüi-de-bigode / Red-bellied Tamarin
S. martinsi (Thomas, 1912) Am 350 g Fr/In Ar S S Sauim / Martin’s Bare-face Tamarin
S. midas (Linnaeus, 1758) Am 432-586 g Fr/In Ar N N Sagüi-de-mão-dourada / Golden-handed Tamarin
S. mystax (Spix, 1823) 4 Am 618 g Fr/In Ar N N Sagüi-de-boca-branca / Moustached Tamarin
S. niger (É. Geoffroy, 1803) Am 355 g Fr/In Ar S N Sagüi-una / Black-handed Tamarin
S. nigricollis (Spix, 1823) 5 Am 470 g Fr/In Ar N N Sagüi, sauim / Black-mantled Tamarin
S. weddelli (Deville, 1849) Am 400 g Fr/In Ar S N Sauim / Weddell’s Saddle-back Tamarin
30 |
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Ordem / Order
PRIMATES
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA CEBIDAE (19)
Cebus (4) 6
C. albifrons (Humboldt, 1812) Am 3.26 kg Fr/On Ar N NCaiarara / White-fronted Capuchin
C. unicolor Spix, 1823 Am 2.4-3 kg Fr/On Ar N NCaiarara / Spix’s White-fronted Capuchin
C. kaapori Queiroz, 1992 Am 3.05 kg Fr/On Ar S N Caiarara / Ka’apor Capuchin
C. olivaceus Schomburgk, 1848 Am 2.4-3.0 kg Fr/On Ar N N Caiarara / Wedge-capped Capuchin
Sapajus (8)
S. apella (Linnaeus, 1758) Am 13.0-4.8 kg Fr/On Ar N N Macaco-prego / Guianan Brown Tufted Capuchin
S. cay (Illiger, 1815) Ce,Pt 1.5 kg Fr/On Ar N N Macaco-prego / Hooded Capuchin
S. avius (Schreber, 1774) MA, Ca 2.5 kg Fr/In Ar S N Macaco-prego, macaco-galego / Blonde Capuchin
S. libidinosus (Spix, 1823) MA, Ce, Ca 1.5-4.0 kg Fr/On Ar S N Macaco-prego / Bearded Capuchin
S. macrocephalus (Spix, 1823) Am 3.2 kg Fr/On Ar N N Macaco-prego / Large-headed Capuchin
S. nigritus (Goldfuss, 1809) MA 3.0-4.0 kg Fr/On Ar N N Macaco-prego / Black-horned Tufted Capuchin
S. robustus (Kuhl, 1820) MA 2.4-3.6 kg Fr/On Ar S N Macaco-prego-de-crista / Robust or Crested Capuchin
S. xanthosternos (Wied-Neuwied, 1826) MA 1.9-4.0 kg Fr/On Ar S N Macaco-prego-do-peito-amarelo / Yellow-breasted
Capuchin
Saimiri (7)
S. boliviensis (I. Geoffroy & Blainville,
1834) Am 700-1088 g Fr/In Ar N N Macaco-de-cheiro / Bolivian Squirrel Monkey
S. cassiquiarensis (Lesson, 1840) 7Am 550-1150 g Fr/In Ar N N Macaco-de-cheiro / Humboldt’s Squirrel Monkey
S. collinsi Osgood, 1916 8Am 550-1150 g Fr/In Ar S S Macaco-de-cheiro / Collins’ Squirrel Monkey
S. macrodon Elliot, 1907 8Am 550-1150 g Fr/In Ar N N Macaco-de-cheiro / Ecuadorian Squirrel Monkey
S. sciureus (Linnaeus, 1758) Am 550-1150 g Fr/In Ar N N Macaco-de-cheiro / Common Squirrel Monkey
S. ustus (I. Geoffroy, 1843) Am 620-1200 g Fr/In Ar S N Macaco-de-cheiro / Golden-backed squirrel monkey
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Ordem / Order
PRIMATES
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
S. vanzolinii Ayres, 1985 Am 650-950 g Fr/In Ar S S Macaco-de-cheiro / Vanzolini’s Squirrel Monkey
FAMILIA PITHECIIDAE (35)
Cacajao (4)
C. ayresi Boubli, da Silva, Amado, Herbk,
Pontual & Farias, 2008 9Am 2.4-4.0 kg Fr/Se Ar N S Uacari-preto, carauri, acari-bico / Ayres’ Black Uakari
C. calvus (I. Geoffroy, 1847) Am 2.9 kg Fr/Se Ar N N Uacari-branco, uacari-vermelho / Bald Uakari
C. hosomi Boubli, da Silva, Amado, Herbk,
Pontual & Farias, 2008 9Am 2.4-4.0 kg Fr/Se Ar N S Uacari-preto, carauri / Neblina Uakari
C. melanocephalus (Humboldt, 1812) 9 Am 2.4-4.0 kg Fr/Se Ar N N Uacari-preto, carauri / Golden-backed Black Uakari
Callicebus (22)
C. baptista Lönnberg, 1939 Am 950 g Fr/Fo Ar S S Zogue-zogue / Lago do Baptista Titi Monkey
C. barbarabrownae Hershkovitz, 1990 Ca 1000 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Guigó / Barbara Brown’s Titi Monkey
C. bernhardi M. G. M. van Roosmalen, T.
van Roosmalen & Mittermeier, 2002 Am 700-1200 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Zogue-zogue / Prince Bernhard’s Titi Monkey
C. brunneus (Wagner, 1842) Am 850 g Fr/Fo Ar N N Zogue-zogue / Brown Titi Monkey
C. caligatus (Wagner, 1842) Am 1000 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Zogue-zogue / Chestnut-bellied Titi Monkey
C. cinerascens (Spix, 1823) Am 740 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Zogue-zogue / Ashy Titi Monkey
C. coimbrai Kobayashi & Langguth, 1999 MA 1020 g Fr/Fo Ar S S Guigó / Coimbra-Filho’s Titi Monkey
C. cupreus (Spix, 1823) Am 1160 g Fr/Fo Ar N N Zogue-zogue / Red Titi Monkey
C. donacophilus (d’Orbigny, 1836) Am 1000 g Fr/Fo Ar N N Zogue-zogue / Reed Titi Monkey
C. dubius Hershkovitz, 1988 Am 1000 g Fr/Fo Ar S S Zogue-zogue / Doubtful Titi Monkey
C. hoffmannsi Thomas, 1908 Am 920 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Zogue-zogue / Hoffmann’s Titi Monkey
32 |
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Ordem / Order
PRIMATES
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
C. lucifer Thomas, 1914 Am 1500 g Fr/Se Ar N N Zogue-zogue / Rufous-tailed Collared Titi Monkey
C. lugens (Humboldt, 1811) Am 1400 g Fr/Se Ar N N Zogue-zogue / Widow Monkey
C. melanochir (Wied-Neuwied, 1820) MA 1370 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Guigó, sauá / Southern Bahian Masked Titi Monkey
C. moloch (Hoffmannsegg, 1807) Am 700-1200 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Arabasu, saúa, saá / Orabassu Titi Monkey
C. nigrifrons (Spix, 1823) MA 1300 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Guigó, sauá / Black-fronted Titi Monkey
C. pallescens Thomas, 1907 Pt 800-1200 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Guigó, sauá / Paraguayan Grey Titi Monkey
C. personatus (É. Geoffroy, 1812) MA 970-1650 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Guigó, sauá / Northern Masked Titi Monkey
C. purinus Thomas, 1927 Am 1300 g Fr/Se Ar S N Zogue-zogue / Red-bellied Collared Titi Monkey
C. stephennashi M. G. M. van Roosmalen,
T. van Roosmalen & Mittermeier, 2002 Am 725 g Fr/Fo Ar S S Zogue-zogue / Stephen Nash’s Titi Monkey
C. torquatus (Hoffmannsegg, 1807) Am 1100-1500 g Fr/Se Ar S N Zogue-zogue / White-collared Titi Monkey
C. regulus Thomas, 1927 Am 1300 g Fr/Se Ar S N Zogue-zogue / Juruá collared Titi Monkey
Chiropotes (5)
C. albinasus (I. Geoffroy & Deville, 1848) Am 2.22-3.32 kg Fr/Se Ar S N Cuxiú-de-nariz-branco / White-nosed Saki
C. chiropotes (Humboldt, 1811)10 Am 3.0 kg Fr/Se Ar S N Cuxiú / Rio Negro Bearded Saki
C. sagulatus (Traill, 1821)10 Am 2.9 kg Fr/Se Ar N N Cuxiú de Humboldt / Guianan Bearded Saki
C. satanas (Hoffmannsegg, 1807) Am 1.9-4.0 kg Fr/Se Ar S N Cuxiú-preto, macaco-preto / Black Saki
C. utahicki Hershkovitz, 1985 Am 2.95 kg Fr/Se Ar S N Cuxiú de Uta-Hick / Uta Hick’s Bearded Saki
Pithecia (4)
P. albicans Gray, 1860 Am 3.0 kg Fr/Se Ar S N Parauacú-branco, acari / Buffy Saki
P. irrorata Gray, 1842 Am 2.16-2.92 kg Fr/Se Ar N N Parauacú, macaco-cabeludo / Gray’s Bald-faced Saki
P. monachus (É. Geoffroy, 1812) Am 1.3-2.5 kg Fr/Se Ar N N Parauacú, parauacú / Monk Saki
P. pithecia (Linnaeus, 1766) Am 0.78-2.5 kg Fr/Se Ar N N Parauacú, macaco-cabeludo / White-faced Saki
32 |
| 33
Notas Taxonômicas
1- Taxonomia de Alouatta do Brasil segue Gregorin (2006), exceto para o barbado da Mata Atlântica, A. guariba: Gregorin reconhece duas espécies, A. fusca e A. clamitans.
2- Inicialmente descrito como Callithrix humilis, Van Roosmalen & Van Roosmalen (2003) e Aguiar & Lacher Jr. (2003) separaram no gênero Callibella.
3- Matauschek et al. (2011) concluiram que S. weddelli é bem diferenciada geneticamente, e recomendaram que seja uma espécie válida. A forma S. melanoleucus se assemelha
geneticamente a S. weddelli, mas, sendo distinto na pelagem (branco), foi mantido como sub-espécie. A forma fuscus, anteriormente considerada uma subespécie de S. fuscicollis,
aqui foi listado como uma espécie de acordo com a recomendação de Cropp et al. (1999).
4- Groves (2001, 2005) considera S. mystax pileatus uma espécie distinta, o que é problemático: pileatus separa a distribuição geográca das sub-espécies mystax and pluto (ver
Rylands & Mittermeier, 2008).
5- A ocorrência de S. nigricollis no Brasil (entre os rios Solimões e Içá) é presumida, mas nunca foi comprovada (Hershkovitz, 1982; Rylands et al., 1993).
6- Taxonomia segue Silva Jr. (2001). Groves (2001, 2005) apresenta uma taxonomia alternativa. Ver também Fragsazy et al. (2004) e Rylands et al. (2005). Boubli et al (2012) e
Lynch-Alfaro et al (2012) separam o gênero em suas formas robusta (Sapajus) e grácil (Cebus).
7- Considerado como subespécie de S. sciureus por Hershkovitz (1984) e Groves (2001, 2005).
8- Reconhecido por Cruz Lima (1945), Cabrera (1957) e Hill (1960), mas considerado sinônimo de S. s. sciureus por Hershkovitz (1984) e Groves (2001, 2005). Considerada
distinta por Carretero-Pinzón et al. (2009) e por Lavergne et al. (2010).
9- Taxonomia segue Boubli et al. (2008).
10- Bonvicino et al. (2003) propuseram o nome de C. israelita (Spix, 1823) para a forma do oeste do rio Branco e norte do rio Negro. Aqui seguimos Silva Jr. e Figueiredo (2002),
que indicaram que C. chiropotes é o nome certo para o cuxiú ao oeste do Rio Branco, e C. sagulatus (Traill, 1821) de “Demerara” (Guyana) é o nome do cuxiú à leste do Rio
Branco.
Taxonomic Notes
1- Taxonomy of Brazilian Alouatta follows Gregorin (2006), except the Atlantic Forest Brown howler monkey, A. guariba: Gregorin recognizes two species, A. fusca and A.
clamitans.
2- First described as Callithrix humilis, Van Roosmalen and Van Roosmalen (2003) and Aguiar and Lacher Jr. (2003) placed it in a separate genus Callibella.
3- Matauschek et al. (2011) concluded that weddelli is a morphologically distinct and well-dened taxon, and recommended it be given species’ status. They recommended that
melanoleucus, although barely differentiated from weddelli, be considered a subspecies of S. weddelli because of its distinct coat color. The form fuscus, formerly considered a
subspecies of S. fuscicollis, is here considered a species following Cropp et al. (1999).
4- Groves (2001, 2005) considered S. mystax pileatus to be a distinct species, which is problematic: pileatus separates the geographic ranges of subspecies mystax and pluto (see
Rylands & Mittermeier, 2008).
5- The occurrence of S. nigricollis in Brazil (between the rios Solimões and Içá) is presumed but has never been proven (Hershkovitz, 1982; Rylands et al., 1993).
6- Taxonomy follows Silva Jr. (2001). Groves (2001, 2005) presents an alternative taxonomy. See also Fragsazy et al. (2004) and Rylands et al. (2005). Boubli et al (2012) and
Lynch-Alfaro et al (2012) propose the division of the genus into gracile (Cebus) and robust (Sapajus) capuchins.
7- Considered a subspecies of S. sciureus by Hershkovitz (1984) and Groves (2001, 2005).
8- Recognized by Cruz Lima (1945), Cabrera (1957) and Hill (1960), but considered a synonym of S. s. sciureus by Hershkovitz (1984) and Groves (2001, 2005). Considered
distinct by Carretero-Pinzón et al. (2009) and Lavergne et al. (2010).
9- Taxonomy follows Boubli et al. (2008).
10- Bonvicino et al. (2003) proposed the name of C. israelita (Spix, 1823) for the form west of the Rio Branco, north of the Rio Negro. Here we follow Silva Jr. and Figueiredo
(2002) who argued that C. chiropotes is the form west of the Rio Branco and C. sagulatus (Traill, 1821) from “Demerara” (Guyana) is the name for the bearded saki east of the Rio
Branco.
34 |
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Ordem / Order
CARNIVORA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA CANIDAE (6)
Atelocynus (1)
A. microtis (Sclater, 1883) Am 7.75 kg Ca Te N N Cachorro-do-mato-de-orelha-curta / Short-eared Dog
Cerdocyon (1)
C. thous (Linnaeus, 1766) MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 6.5 kg In/On Te N N Cachorro-do-mato, graxaim, raposa / Crab-eating Fox
Chrysocyon (1)
C. brachyurus (Illiger, 1815) Ce, Pt, Pp 2.2 kg Ca/On Te N N Lobo-guará, guará / Maned Wolf
Lycalopex (2)
L. gymnocercus (G. Fischer, 1814) MA, Pp 4.4 kg Ca/On Te N N Graxaim, raposa-do-campo / Pampas Fox
L. vetulus (Lund, 1842) Ce, Pt 4.0 kg In/On Te S N Raposinha / Hoary Fox
Speothos (1)
S. venaticus (Lund, 1842) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 6.0 kg Ca Te N N Cachorro-do-mato-vinagre / Bush Dog
FAMILIA FELIDAE (8)
Leopardus (5)
L. braccatus (Cope, 1889) 1Ce, Pt, Pp 3.0 g Ca Te N N Gato-palheiro, gato-do-Pantanal / Pantanal Cat
L. geoffroyi (d’Orbigny & Gervais,
1844) Ma, Pp 2.4-5.2 g Ca Te N N Gato-do-mato-grande / Geoffroy’s Cat
L. pardalis (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 8.0 kg (f)
11.0 kg (m) Ca Te N N Jaguatirica / Ocelot
L. tigrinus (Schreber, 1775) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 1.5-3.0 kg Ca Sc N N Gato-do-mato-pequeno / Oncilla
L. wiedii (Schinz, 1821) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 3.0-9.0 kg Ca Sc N N Gato-maracajá, maracajá / Margay
Panthera (1)
P. onca (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 61-158 kg Ca Te N N Onça-pintada / Jaguar
34 |
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Ordem / Order
CARNIVORA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Puma (2)
P. concolor (Linnaeus, 1771) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 22-70 kg Ca Te N N Onça-parda, suçuarana, leão-baio / Cougar
P. yagouaroundi (É. Geoffroy, 1803) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 3-6 kg Ca Te N N Jaguarundi, gato-mourisco / Jaguarundi
FAMILIA MEPHITIDAE (2)
Conepatus (2)
C. chinga (Molina, 1782) MA, Ce, Pp 1.75 kg In/On Te N N Cangambá, jaritataca / Molina’s Hog-nosed Skunk
C. semistriatus (Boddaert, 1785) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 2.4 kg In/On Te N N Cangambá, jaritataca / Striped Hog-nosed Skunk
FAMILIA MUSTELIDAE (6)
Eira (1)
E. barbara (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 4.0-10.0 kg Fr/On Te N N Irara, papa-mel / Tayra
Galictis (2)
G. cuja (Molina, 1782) MA, Ce, Ca, Pp 1.0-3.0 kg Ca Te N N Furão / Lesser Grison
G. vittata (Schreber, 1776) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 1.7-3.4 kg Ca Te N N Furão / Greater Grison
Lontra (1)
L. longicaudis (Olfers, 1818) Am, Ma, Ce, Pt, Pp 6.0 kg Ps SA N N Lontra / Neotropical Otter
Mustela (1)
M. africana Desmarest, 1818 Am 0.22 kg Ca Te N N Doninha-amazônica / Amazon Weasel
Pteronura (1)
P. brasiliensis (Gmelin, 1788) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 29 kg Ps SA N N Ariranha / Giant Otter
FAMILIA OTARIIDAE (4)
Arctocephalus (3)
A. australis (Zimmermann, 1783) Mar 48.5 kg (f)
159 kg (m) Ps Aq N N Lobo-marinho-do-sul / South American Fur Seal
36 |
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Ordem / Order
CARNIVORA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
A. gazella (Peters, 1875) Mar 160 kg Ps Aq N N Lobo-marinho-antártico / Antarctic Fur Seal
A. tropicalis (J.E. Gray, 1872) Mar 55 kg (f)
165 kg( m) Ps Aq N N Lobo-marinho-subantártico / Subantarctic Fur Seal
Otaria (1)
O. avescens (Shaw, 1800) 2Mar 144 kg (f)
3200 kg(m) Ca Aq N N Leão-marinho-do-sul / South American Sealion
FAMILIA PHOCIDAE (3)
Hydrurga (1)
H. leptonyx (Blainville, 1820) Mar 450 kg Ca Aq N N Foca-leopardo / Leopard Seal
Lobodon (1)
L. carcinophaga (Hombron &
Jacquinot, 1842) Mar 230 kg Ps Aq N N Foca-caranguejeira / Crabeater Seal
Mirounga (1)
M. leonina (Linnaeus, 1758) Mar 2425 kg Ps Aq N N Elefante-marinho-do-sul / Southern Elephant Seal
FAMILIA PROCYONIDAE (4)
Bassaricyon (1)
B. alleni Thomas, 1880 3Am 1.1-1.4 kg Fr/On Ar N N Olingo / Allen’s Olingo
Nasua (1)
N. nasua (Linnaeus, 1766) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 5.1 kg Fr/On Te N N Quati / South American Coati
Potos (1)
P. avus (Schreber, 1774) Am, MA, Ce 2.6 kg Fr/On Ar N N Jupará / Kinkajou
Procyon (1)
P. cancrivorus (G. Cuvier, 1798) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 5.4 kg Fr/On Sc N N Guaxinim, mão-pelada / Crab-eating Raccoon
36 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA EMBALLONURIDAE (16)
Centronycteris (1)
C. maximilliani (J. Fischer, 1829) 1Am, MA 5 g In Vo N N Morcego / Shaggy Bat
Cormura (1)
C. brevirostris (Wagner, 1843) Am 6-11 g In Vo N N Morcego / Chestnut Sac-winged Bat
Cyttarops (1)
C. alecto Thomas, 1913 Am 11-14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Short-eared Bat
Diclidurus (4)
D. albus Wied-Neuwied, 1820 Am, MA, Ce, Ca 17 g In Vo N N Morcego / Northern Ghost Bat
D. ingens Hernandez-Camacho, 1955 Am 20 g In Vo N N Morcego / Greater Ghost Bat
D. isabella (Thomas, 1920) Am 14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Isabelle’s Ghost Bat
D. scutatus Peters, 1869 Am 13 g In Vo N N Morcego / Lesser Ghost Bat
Peropteryx (4)
P. kappleri Peters, 1867 Am, MA, Ce, Ca 6-11 g In Vo N N Morcego / Greater Dog-like Bat
P. leucoptera Peters, 1867 Am, MA, Ce 7 g In Vo N N Morcego / White-winged Dog-like Bat
Notas Taxonômicas
1- Separado de Leopardus colocolo (anteriormente = Oncifelis colocolo) e considerado espécie válida por García-Perea (1994).
2- Listado como O. avescens em Wozencraft (2005). Rodriguez & Bastida (1993) revisaram informação sobre O. byronia e O. avescens e concluíram que avescens tem prioridade
e é um nome válido.
3- Segundo Wozencraft (2005) a espécie que ocorre no Brasil é B. beddard, porém Sampaio et al. (2010) sustentam que a única espécie de olingo no Brasil é B. alleni.
Taxonomic Notes
1- Separated from Leopardus colocolo (formerly = Oncifelis colocolo) and considered a valid species by García-Perea (1994).
2- Listed as O. avescens em Wozencraft (2005). Rodriguez & Bastida (1993) reviewed the information concerning the names O. byronia and O. avescens and concluded that
avescens has priority and is as such the valid name.
3- According to Wozencraft (2005), B. beddardi is the species that occurs in Brazil, but Sampaio et al. (2010) argues that the only olingo species occurring in Brazil is B. alleni.
38 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
P. macrotis (Wagner, 1843) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 5 g In Vo N N Morcego / Lesser Dog-like Bat
P. trinitatis Miller, 1899 Am 4-8 g In Vo N NMorcego / Trinidadian Dog-like Bat
Rhynchonycteris (1)
R. naso (Wied-Neuwied, 1820) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Proboscis Bat
Saccopteryx (4)
S. bilineata (Temminck, 1838) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 6-10 g In Vo N N Morcego / Greater Sac-winged Bat
S. canescens Thomas, 1901 Am 5 g In Vo N N Morcego / Frosted Sac-winged Bat
S. gymnura Thomas, 1901 Am 4 g In Vo N N Morcego / Amazonian Sac-winged Bat
S. leptura (Schreber, 1774) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Lesser Sac-winged Bat
FAMILIA FURIPTERIDAE (1)
Furipterus (1)
F. horrens (F. Cuvier, 1828) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 5 g In Vo N N Morcego / Thumbless Bat
FAMILIA MOLOSSIDAE (28)
Cynomops (4)
C. abrasus (Temminck, 1826) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 44-48 g In Vo N N Morcego / Cinnamon Dog-faced Bat
C. greenhalli Goodwin, 1958 Am, Ca 18 g In Vo N N Morcego / Greenhall’s Dog-faced Bat
C. paranus (Thomas, 1901) Am, Ce 12 g In Vo N N Morcego / Brown Dog-faced Bat
C. planirostris (Peters, 1866) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 5-9 g In Vo N N Morcego / Southern Dog-faced Bat
Eumops (10)
E. auripendulus (Shaw, 1800) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 26-37 g In Vo N N Morcego / Black Bonneted Bat
E. bonariensis (Peters, 1874) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 16-20 g In Vo N N Morcego / Dwarf Bonneted Bat
E. dabbenei Thomas, 1914 Am, Ce, Pt 100 g In Vo N N Morcego / Big Bonneted Bat
38 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
E. delticus Thomas, 1893 Am, MA 14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Delta Bonneted Bat
E. glaucinus (Wagner, 1843) 2Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 22-28 g In Vo N N Morcego / Wagner’s Bonneted Bat
E. hansae Sanborn, 1932 Am, MA, Ce 13-17 g In Vo N N Morcego / Sanborn’s Bonneted Bat
E. maurus (Thomas, 1901) MA, Ce 20-26 g In Vo N N Morcego / Guianan Bonneted Bat
E. patagonicus Thomas, 1924 Pp 7-16 g In Vo N N Morcego / Patagonian Dwarf Bonneted Bat
E. perotis (Schinz, 1821) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 60-72 g In Vo N N Morcego / Greater Bonneted Bat
E. trumbulli (Thomas, 1901) Am 20-26 g In Vo N N Morcego / Trumbull’s Bonneted Bat
Molossops (2)
M. neglectus Williams & Genoways 1980 Am, MA 11 g In Vo N N Morcego / Rufous Dog-faced Bat
M. temminckii (Burmeister, 1854) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 4-9 g In Vo N N Morcego / Dwarf Dog-faced Bat
Molossus (5)
M. coibensis J. A. Allen, 1904 3Am, Ce 12 g In Vo N N Morcego / Coiban Mastiff Bat
M. currentium Thomas, 1901 4Am, Pt 18 g In Vo N N Morcego / Thomas’s Mastiff Bat
M. molossus (Pallas, 1766) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 12-28 g In Vo N N Morcego / Pallas’s Mastiff Bat
M. pretiosus Miller, 1902 5Ce, Ca, Pt 20-27 g In Vo N N Morcego / Miller’s Mastiff Bat
M. rufus É. Geoffroy, 1805 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 30-42 g In Vo N N Morcego / Black Mastiff Bat
Neoplatymops (1)
N. mattogrossensis Vieira, 1942 Am, MA, Ce, Ca 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Mato Grosso Dog-faced Batt
Nyctinomops (3)
N. aurispinosus (Peale, 1848) MA 22 g In Vo N N Morcego / Peale’s Free-tailed Bat
N. laticaudatus (É. Geoffroy, 1805) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 9-14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Broad-eared Free-tailed Bat
N. macrotis (Gray, 1839) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 16-20 g In Vo N N Morcego / Big Free-tailed Bat
40 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Promops (2)
P. centralis Thomas, 1915 Am, Pt 22-30 g In Vo N N Morcego / Big Crested Mastiff Bat
P. nasutus (Spix, 1823) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 14-25 g In Vo N N Morcego / Brown Mastiff Bat
Tadarida (1)
T. brasiliensis (I. Geoffroy, 1824) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pp 9-19 g In Vo N N Morcego / Brazilian Free-tailed Bat
FAMILIA MORMOOPIDAE (4)
Pteronotus (4)
P. davyi Gray, 1838 6Ca 6-10 g In Vo N N Morcego de costas peladas / Davy’s nacked-backed
Bat
P. gymnonotus Wagner, 1843 7Am, Ce, Pt 10-16 g In Vo N N Morcego de costas peladas / Big nacked-backed
Bat
P. parnellii (Gray, 1843) A, Ce, Ca, Pt 24-29 g In Vo N N Morcego / Common Mustached Bat
P. personatus (Wagner, 1843) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 6-10 g In Vo N N Morcego / Wagner’s Mustached Bat
FAMILIA NATALIDAE (1)
Natalus (1)
N. espiritosantensis Ruschi, 1951 Am, MA 6 g In Vo S N Morcego / Brazilian Funnel-eared Bat
FAMILIA NOCTILIONIDAE (2)
Noctilio (2)
N. albiventris Desmarest, 1818 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 21-55 g Ps/In Vo N N Morcego-pescador pequeno / Lesser Bulldog Bat
N. leporinus (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 45-90 g Ps/In Vo N N Morcego-pescador grande / Greater Bulldog Bat
FAMILIA PHYLLOSTOMIDAE (90)
Ametrida (1)
A. centurio Gray, 1847 Am 10 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Little White-shouldered Bat
40 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Anoura (2)
A. caudifer (É. Geoffroy, 1818) 7Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 12 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Tailed tailless Bat
A. geoffroyi Gray, 1838 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 13-19 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Geoffroy’s Tailless Bat
Artibeus (9)
A. anderseni Osgood, 1916 Am, Ce 9 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Andersen’s Fruit-eating Bat
A. cinereus (Gervais 1855) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 9-15 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Gervais’ Fruit-eating Bat
A. concolor Peters, 1865 Am, Ce, Ca 16-20 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Brown Fruit-eating Bat
A. mbriatus Gray, 1838 8MA, Ca, Pp 40 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Fringed Fruit-eating Bat
A. glaucus Thomas, 1893 Am, MA 7-20 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Silvery Fruit-eating Bat
A. gnomus Handley, 1987 Am, MA, Ce 7-13 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Dwarf Fruit-eating Bat
A. lituratus (Olfers, 1818) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 67-110 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Great Fruit-eating Bat
A. obscurus (Schinz, 1821) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 28-39 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Dark Fruit-eating Bat
A. planirostris (Spix, 1823) 9Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 50-65 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Flat-faced Fruit-eating Bat
Carollia (3)
C. benkeithi Solari & Baker 2006 Am 12 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Benkeith’s Short-tailed Bat
C. brevicauda (Schinz, 1821) Am, MA 17 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Silky Short-tailed Bat
C. perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pa 10-23 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Seba’s Short-tailed Bat
Chiroderma (4)
C. doriae Thomas, 1891 10 MA, Ce, Pt 31 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Brazilian Big-eyed Bat
C. trinitatum Goodwin, 1958 Am 14 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Little Big-eyed Bat
42 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
C. villosum Peters, 1860 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 17 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Hairy Big-eyed Bat
C. vizottoi Taddei & Lim, 2010 Ca 15-20 g Fr Vo S S Morcego / Vizotto’s Big-eyed Bat
Choeroniscus (2)
C. godmani Thomas, 1903 Am 7-8 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Godman’s Long-tailed Bat
C. minor (Peters, 1868) 11 Am, MA, Ce 6-11 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Lesser Long-tailed Bat
Chrotopterus (1)
C. auritus (Peters, 1856) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 58-72 g Ca Vo N N Morcego / Woolly False Vampire Bat
Desmodus (1)
D. rotundus (É. Geoffroy, 1810) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 25-42 g He Vo N N Morcego vampiro / Common Vampire Bat
Diaemus (1)
D. yougii (Jentink, 1893) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 32-48 g He Vo N N Morcego vampiro / White-winged Vampire Bat
Diphylla (1)
D. ecaudata Spix, 1823 Am, MA, Ce, Ca 23-33 g He Vo N N Morcego vampiro / Hairy-Legged Vampire Bat
Glossophaga (3)
G. commissarisi Gardner, 1962 12 Am 8 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Commissaris’s Long-tongued
Bat
G. longirostris Miller, 1898 13 Am 12-20 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Miller’s Long-tongued Bat
G. soricina (Pallas, 1766) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 9 g On Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Pallas’s Long-tongued Bat
Glyphonycteris (3)
G. behnii (Peters, 1865) Ce 14 g In Vo S N Morcego / Behn’s Bat
G. daviesi (Hill, 1965) Am, MA 19 g In Vo N N Morcego / Graybeard Bat
G. sylvestris (Thomas, 1896) Am, MA 11 g In Vo N N Morcego / Tricolored Bat
42 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Lampronycteris (1)
L. brachyotis (Dobson, 1879) Am, MA, Ce 9-15 g In/Ca Vo N N Morcego / Orange-throated Bat
Lichonycteris (1)
L. degener Miller, 1831 Am, MA 5-7 g Nec Vo N N Morcego / Pale-Brown Long-nosed Bat
Lionycteris (1)
L. spurrelli Thomas, 1913 Am, MA, Ce 9 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Chestnut Long-tongued Bat
Lonchophylla (4)
L. bokermanni Sazima, Vizotto & Taddei, 1978 MA, Ce 13 g Nec Vo S S Morcego beija-or / Bokermann’s Nectar Bat
L. dekeyseri Taddei, Vizotto & Sazima, 1983 Ce 11 g Nec Vo S S Morcego beija-or / Dekeyser’s Nectar Bat
L. mordax Thomas, 1903 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pp 9 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Goldman’s Nectar Bat
L. thomasi J. A. Allen, 1904 Am, Ce 8 g Nec Vo N N Morcego beija-or / Thomas’s Nectar Bat
Lonchorhina (2)
L. aurita Tomes, 1863 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 12-22 g Ia Vo N N Morcego / Common Sword-nosed Bat
L. inusitata Handley & Ochoa, 1997 14 Am 15 g In Vo N N Morcego / Uncommon Sword-nosed Bat
Lophostoma (4)
L. brasiliense Peters, 1867 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 11 g In Vo N N Morcego / Pygmy Round-eared Bat
L. carrikeri (J. A. Allen, 1910) 15 Am, Ce, Ca 20 g In Vo N N Morcego / Carriker’s Round-eared Bat
L. schulzi (Genoways & Williams, 1980) Am 19 g In Vo N N Morcego / Schulz’s Round-eared Bat
L. silvicolum d’Orbigny, 1836 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 29-44 g In Vo N N Morcego / White-throated Round-eared Bat
Macrophyllum (1)
M. macrophyllum (Schinz, 1821) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 8 g In Vo N N Morcego / Long-legged Bat
44 |
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Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Mesophylla (1)
M. macconnelli (Thomas, 1901) Am 9 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / MacConnell’s Bat
Micronycteris (8)
M. brosseti Simmons & Voss, 1998 MA 5 g In Vo N N Morcego / Brosset’s Big-eared Bat
M. hirsuta (Peters, 1869) Am, MA 10-18 g In Vo N N Morcego / Hairy Big-eared Bat
M. homezi Pirlot, 1967 Am 7 g In Vo N N Morcego / Pirlot’s Big-eared Bat
M. megalotis (Gray, 1842) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Little Big-eared Bat
M. microtis Miller, 1898 Am, MA 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Common Big-eared Bat
M. minuta (Gervais, 1856) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Tiny Big-eared Bat
M. sanborni Simmons, 1996 Ce, Ca 7 g In Vo N N Morcego / Sanborn’s Big-eared Bat
M. schmidtorum (Sanborn, 1935) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Schmidt’s Big-eared Bat
Mimon (2)
M. bennettii (Gray, 1838) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 20 g In Vo N N Morcego / Southern Golden Bat
M. crenulatum (É. Geoffroy, 1803) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 9-14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Striped Hairy-nosed Bat
Neonycteris (1)
N. pusilla (Sanborn, 1949) Am 6 g In Vo N S Morcego / Least Big-eared Bat
Phylloderma (1)
P. stenops Peters, 1865 Am, MA, Ce, Pt 41-65 g In Vo N N Morcego / Pale-faced Bat
Phyllostomus (4)
P. discolor Wagner, 1843 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 29-47 g In Vo N N Morcego / Pale Spear-nosed Bat
P. elongatus (É. Geoffroy, 1810) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 30-51 g In Vo N N Morcego / Lesser Spear-nosed Bat
44 |
| 45
Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
P. hastatus (Pallas, 1767) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 78-112 g In Vo N N Morcego / Greater Spear-nosed Bat
P. latifolius (Thomas, 1901) 16 Am 66 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Guianan Spear-nosed Bat
Platyrrhinus (7)
P. aurarius (Handley & Ferris 1972) Am 15 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Eldorado Broad-nosed Bat
P. brachycephalus (Rouk & Carter, 1972) Am 15 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Short-headed Broad-nosed Bat
P. fusciventris Velazco, Gardner & Patterson,
2010 Am 15 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Brown-bellied Broad-nosed Bat
P. incarum (Thomas, 1912) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 15 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Heller’s Broad-nosed Bat
P. infuscus (Peters, 1880) Am 22 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Buffy Broad-nosed Bat
P. lineatus (É. Geoffroy, 1810) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 22-30 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / White-lined Broad-nosed Bat
P. recinus (Thomas, 1901) MA, Ce 23 g Fr Vo S N Morcego / Recife Broad-nosed Bat
Pygoderma (1)
P. bilabiatum (Wagner, 1843) MA, Ce, Pt 18-26 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Ipanema Broad-nosed Bat
Rhinophylla (2)
R. scherae Carter, 1966 Am 8 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Fischer’s Little Fruit Bat
R. pumilio Peters, 1865 Am, MA, Ce 9 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Dwarf Little Fruit Bat
Scleronycteris (1)
S. ega Thomas, 1912 Am 8 g Nec Vo N S Morcego beija-or / Ega Long-tongued Bat
Sphaeronycteris (1)
S. toxophyllum Peters, 1882 Am 11-18 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Visored Bat
46 |
| 47
Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Sturnira (3)
S. lilium (É. Geoffroy, 1810) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 16-26 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Little Yellow-shouldered Bat
S. magna de la Torre, 1966 Am 41-50 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Greater Yellow-shouldered Bat
S. tildae de la Torre, 1959 Am, MA, Ce 21-30 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Tilda’s Yellow-shouldered Bat
Tonatia (2)
T. bidens (Spix, 1823) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 23-30 g In Vo N N Morcego / Greater Round-eared Bat
T. saurophila Koopman & Williams, 1951 2Am, MA, Ce, Ca 21-30 g In Vo N N Morcego / Stripe-headed Round-eared Bat
Trachops (1)
T. cirrhosus (Spix, 1823) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 28-45 g In Vo N N Morcego / Fringe-lipped Bat
Trinycteris (1)
T. nicefori Sanborn, 1949 Am, MA, Ce 9 g In Vo N N Morcego / Niceforo’s Bat
Uroderma (2)
U. bilobatum Peters, 1866 Am, MA, Ce, Pt 13-20 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Common Tent-making Bat
U. magnirostrum Davis, 1968 Am, MA, Ce, Ca 16-21 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Brown Tent-making Bat
Vampyressa (2)
V. pusilla (Wagner, 1843) MA, Ce, Pt 8 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Southern Little Yellow-eared Bat
V. thyone Thomas, 1909 Am 8 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Little Yellow-eared Bat
Vampyriscus (2)
V. bidens (Dobson, 1878) Am 12 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Bidentate Yellow-eared Bat
V. brocki (Peterson, 1968) Am 10 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Brock’s Yellow-eared Bat
Vampyrodes (1)
V. caraccioli (Thomas, 1889) Am, MA, Pt 35 g Fr Vo N N Morcego / Great Stripe-faced Bat
46 |
| 47
Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Vampyrum (1)
V. spectrum (Linnaeus, 1758) 15 Am, Ce, Ca 134-172 g Ca Vo N N Morcego / Spectral Bat
Xeronycteris (1)
X. vieirai Gregorin & Ditcheld, 2005 Ca 10 g Nec Vo S S Morcego beija-or / Caatinga Bat
FAMILIA THYROPTERIDAE (4)
Thyroptera (4)
T. devivoi Gregorin, Gonçalves, Lim &
Engstrom, 2006 Ce 4 g In Vo S S Morcego / De Vivo’s Disk-winged Bat
T. discifera (Lichtenstein & Peters, 1854) Am, MA, Ce 4 g In Vo N N Morcego / Peters’ Disk-winged Bat
T. lavali Pine, 1993 Am 4 g In Vo N S Morcego / LaVal’s Disk-winged Bat
T. tricolor Spix, 1823 Am, MA 3 g In Vo N N Morcego / Spix’s Disk-winged Bat
FAMILIA VESPERTILIONIDAE (28)
Eptesicus (6)
E. andinus J. A. Allen, 1914 Am 7-10 g In Vo N N Morcego / Litle Black Serotine
E. brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 9 g In Vo N N Morcego / Brazilian Brown Bat
E. chiriquinus Thomas, 1920 Am 12 g In Vo N S Morcego / Chiriquinan Serotine
E. diminutus Osgood, 1915 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Diminutive Serotine
E. furinalis (d’Orbigny & Gervais, 1847) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 7-14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Argentinian Brown Bat
E. taddeii Miranda, Bernardi & Passos, 2006 MA 14 g In Vo S S Morcego / Taddei’s Serotine
Histiotus (5)
H. alienus Thomas, 1916 17 MA 10 g In Vo S S Morcego / Strange Big-eared Brown Bat
H. laephotis Thomas, 1916 18 MA 10 g In Vo S S Morcego / Thomas’s Big-eared Brown Bat
H. macrotus (Poeppig, 1835) 19 Ce 10 g In Vo N N Morcego / Big-eared Brown Bat
48 |
| 49
Ordem / Order
CHIROPTERA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
H. montanus (Philippi & Landbeck, 1861) MA, Pp 10 g In Vo N N Morcego / Small Big-eared Brown Bat
H. velatus (I. Geoffroy, 1824) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pp 13 g In Vo N N Morcego / Tropical Big-eared Brown Bat
Lasiurus (6)
L. blossevilli (Lesson & Garnot, 1826) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pp 8-14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Red Bat
L. castaneus Handley, 1960 Am 10-20 g In Vo N N Morcego / Tacarcuna Bat
L. cinereus (Palisot de Beauvois, 1796) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 13-22 g In Vo N N Morcego / Hoary Bat
L. ebenus Fazzolari-Corrêa, 1994 MA 14 g In Vo S S Morcego / Blackish Red Bat
L. ega (Gervais, 1856) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 10-15 g In Vo N N Morcego / Southern Yellow Bat
L. egregius (Peters, 1870) Am, MA, Ce, Ca 8-14 g In Vo N N Morcego / Big Red Bat
Myotis (9)
M. albescens (É. Geoffroy, 1806) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 4-11 g In Vo N N Morcego / Silver-tipped Myotis
M. dinellii Thomas, 1902 20 Ma, Pp 4-7 g In Vo N N Morcego / Argentinian Yellowish Myotis
M. izecksohni Moratelli, Peracchi, Dias &
Oliveira, 2011 MA 4-12 g In Vo S N Morcego / Izecksohn’s Myotis
M. lavali Moratelli, Peracchi, Dias & Oliveira,
2011 Ca 3-8 g In Vo S N Morcego / LaVal’s Myotis
M. levis (I. Geoffroy, 1824) MA, Pp 8 g In Vo N N Morcego / Yellowish Myotis
M. nigricans (Schinz, 1821) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 3-8 g In Vo N N Morcego / Black Myotis
M. riparius Handley, 1960 Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 6 g In Vo N N Morcego / Riparian Myotis
M. ruber (É. Geoffroy, 1806) 21 MA, Ca 7 g In Vo N N Morcego / Red Myotis
M. simus Thomas, 1901 Am, MA, Pt 7 g In Vo N N Morcego / Velvety Myotis
Rhogeessa (2)
R. hussoni Genoways & Baker, 1996 22 Am, MA 5 g In Vo N N Morcego / Husson’s Yellow Bat
R. io Thomas, 1903 22 Am 3 g In Vo N N Morcego / Thomas’s Yellow Bat
48 |
| 49
Notas Taxonômicas
1- Marinho-Filho & Sazima (1998) citam a espécie para vários biomas brasileiros, mas aqui consideramos ocorrência apenas na Amazônia (Bernard et al., 2011) e na Mata Atlântica.
No nordeste, a espécie somente foi registrada em áreas de Floresta Atlântica da Paraíba e Pernambuco (Souza et al., 2004).
2- Ocorrência na Caatinga descrita em Astúa & Guerra (2008).
3- Distribuição reconhecida para o Brasil após a sinonimização de M. cherriei com M. coibensis, sendo o registro único conhecido um tipo de M. cherriei (Dolan, 1989; Gardner, 2008).
4- Ocorrência no Pantanal citada por López-Gonazales & Presley (2001), mas sem localidade de coleta. O registro de M. currentium para o norte do Brasil, baseado em juvenil foi
questionado por Bernard et al. (2011). A ocorrência desta espécie no Brasil é acatada, porém pendente de estudos posteriores.
5- Registro para Caatinga em Nogueira et al. (2008).
6- Registro na Caatinga em Astúa & Guerra (2008). Bernard et al (2011) não indicam ocorrência na Amazônia.
7- A ocorrência na Caatinga está documentada em Sbragia & Cardoso (2008) que reportam o registro da espécie em cavernas da Chapada Diamantina.
8- Souza et al. (2004) registram pela primeira vez para os brejos nos domínios do bioma Caatinga.
9- Seguiu-se Bernard et al. (2011) que considera os resultados de Lim (1997) e Lim et al. (2004) e não Simmons (2005) que considerou A. planirostris sinônimo de A. jamaicensis.
10- Ocorrência no Pantanal em Bordignon (2005).
11- Ocorrência na Mata Atlântica em Aguiar (1995).
12- Ocorrência citada para o Brasil (Webster & Jones 1987; Simmons 2005), mas sem registro da localidade.
13- Ocorrência citada para o Brasil (Webster & Handley, 1986; Webster et al., 1998; Simmons 2005), mas sem registro da localidade.
14- Simmons (2005) considera essa espécie para o Brasil, mas não há indicação da localidade.
15- Registro para a Caatinga em Gregorin et al. (2008).
16- Embora Simmons (2005) tenha delimitado a distribuição de P. latifolius para o sudeste da Colombia e Guianas, a espécie foi registrada por Sampaio et al. (2003) para a Amazônia
brasileira, próximo à cidade de Manaus, no estado do Amazonas.
17- A espécie é considerada aqui como endêmica do Brasil, pois embora Simmons (2005) considere a distribuição de H. alienus também no Uruguai, Gonzalez (2006) questiona e
argumenta que esses registros são de H. montanus (Reis et al., 2007).
18- H. laephotis, previamente conhecido por meio de poucos registros para Argentina, Paraguay e Bolivia foi registrado no Brasil (Miranda et al., 2007) em Mata de Araucária no
estado de Santa Catarina.
19- Simmons (2005) restringe a distribuição deste táxon para Chile e Argentina, entretanto Pol et al. (1998) registraram a espécie no Brasil, no estado de Goiás.
20- Listado como sub-espécie de M. levis por Simmons (2005) porém Barquez et al. (2008) consideram espécie válida. Registro no sul do Brasil em Passos et al. (2010).
21- Registro para a Caatinga em Sbragia & Pessoa (2008).
22- Simmons (2005) considera R. hussoni para o leste do Brasil, e R. io para o norte e central Brasil. Bernard et al. (2011) indicam a presença das duas espécies para a Amazônia
Taxonomic Notes
1- Marinho-Filho & Sazima (1998) indicated the occurrence of this species in a number of Brazilian biomes but here we considered occurrence only in the Amazon (Bernard et al.,
2011) and Atlantic forests. In the Northeast, the species has been registered only in Atlantic forest patches in the states of Paraíba and Pernambuco (Souza et al., 2004).
2- Astúa & Guerra (2008) recorded its occurrence in Caatinga.
3- Its occurrence in Brazil was recognized when M. cherriei and M. coibensis were found to be synonyms. The only known record for Brazil is that of the type of M. cherriei (Dolan,
1989; Gardner, 2008).
4- López-Gonzales & Presley (2001) cited this species for the Pantanal, but provided no collection locality. The record of M. currentium for north Brazil based on a juvenile was
questioned by Bernard et al. (2011). We list this species for Brazil, although further research is needed.
5- Recorded for the Caatinga by Nogueira et al. (2008).
6- Recorded in the Caatinga by Astúa & Guerra (2008). Not listed for the Amazon by Bernard et al. (2011).
7- Occurrence in the Caatinga was documented by Sbragia & Cardoso (2008), who recorded it in caves in the Chapada Diamantina.
8- First recorded by Souza et al. (2004) in brejos in the Caatinga biome.
9- Following Bernard et al. (2011) who accepted the conclusions of Lim (1997) and Lim et al. (2004) but not Simmons (2005), who considered A. planirostris to be a synonym of A.
jamaicensis.
50 |
| 51
Ordem / Order
LAGOMORPHA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA LEPORIDAE (1)
Sylvilagus (1)
S. brasiliensis (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 1.2 kg Hb Te N N Coelho, tapeti / Tapeti
10- Occurrence in the Pantanal reported by Bordignon (2005).
11- Occurrence in the Atlantic forest reported by Aguiar et al. (1995).
12- Webster & Jones (1987) and Simmons (2005) indicated its occurrence in Brazil, but without providing specic localities.
13- Webster & Handley (1986), Webster et al. (1998) and Simmons (2005) have indicated its occurrence in Brazil, but without providing specic localities.
14- Simmons (2005) indicated its occurrence in Brazil but without providing specic localities.
15- Recorded in the Caatinga by Gregorin et al. (2008).
16- Although Simmons (2005) described the range of P. latifolius as southeast Colombia and the Guianas, the species was recorded by Sampaio et al. (2003) in the Brazilian Amazon
near to the city of Manaus, state of Amazonas.
17- The species is here considered to be a Brazilian endemic, although Simmons (2005) has the range of H. alienus extending into Uruguay. Gonzalez (2006) argued that the Uruguayan
records are in fact of H. montanus.
18- Histiotus laephotis, formerly known only from some few records for Argentina, Paraguay and Bolivia, was found by Miranda et al. (2007) in Araucaria forest in the state of Santa
Catarina.
19- Simmons (2005) restricted this taxon to Chile and Argentina, but Pol et al. (1998) recorded it in Brazil, in the state of Goiás.
20- Listed as a subspecies of M. levis by Simmons (2005), but Barquez et al. (2008) considered it to be a valid species. Recorded in southern Brazil by Passos et al. (2010).
21- Recorded in the Caatinga by Sbragia & Pessoa (2008).
22- Simmons (2005) considered R. hussoni for eastern Brazil and R. io for north and central Brazil. Bernard et al. (2011) indicated the presence of the two species in Amazonia.
50 |
| 51
Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA CAVIIDAE (9)
Cavia (4)
C. aperea Erxleben, 1777 MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 549 g Hb Te N N Preá / Brazilian Guinea Pig
C. fulgida Wagler, 1831 MA, Ce 283 g Hb Te S N Preá / Shiny Guinea Pig
C. intermedia Cherem, Olimpio & Ximenez,
1999 MA 550-680 g Hb Te S S Preá / Moleques do Sul Guinea Pig
C. magna Ximenez, 1980 MA, Pp 760 g Hb Te N N Preá / Greater Guinea Pig
Galea (2)
G. avidens (Brandt, 1835) 1Ce 150-345 g Hb Te S N Preá / Brazilian Yellow-toothed Cavy
G. spixii (Wagler, 1831) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 140-560 g Hb Te N N Preá / Spix’s Yellow-toothed Cavy
Hydrochoerus (1)
H. hydrochaeris (Linnaeus, 1766) Am, MA, Ce, Ca,
Pt, Pp 35-65 kg Hb SA N N Capivara / Capybara
Kerodon (2)
K. acrobata Moojen, Locks & Langguth, 1997 Ce 800-1100 g Hb Te S S Mocó / Climbing Cavy
K. rupestris (Wied-Neuwied, 1820) Ca 700-900 g Hb Te S N Mocó / Rock Cavy
FAMILIA CRICETIDAE (131)
Abrawayaomys (1)
A. ruschii Cunha & Cruz, 1979 MA 55-63 g Fr/Gr SF N N Rato-do-mato / Ruschi’s Rat
Akodon (10)
A. azarae (G. Fischer, 1829) Pp 24 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-chão / Azara’s Grass Mouse
A. cursor (Winge, 1887) MA, Ce, Ca 30-70 g In/On Te S N Rato-do-chão / Cursorial Grass Mouse
A. lindberghi Hershkovitz, 1990 MA, Ce 18 g In/On Te S N Rato-do-chão / Lindbergh’s Grass Mouse
52 |
| 53
Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
A. montensis Thomas, 1913 MA, Ce, Pp 30-56 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-chão / Montane Grass Mouse
A. mystax Hershkovitz, 1998 MA 16-25 g In/On Te S S Rato-do-chão / Caparaó Grass Mouse
A. paranaensis Christoff, Fagundes, Sbalqueiro,
Mattevi & Yonenaga-Yassuda, 2000 MA, Ce 20-50 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-chão / Paraná Grass Mouse
A. reigi González, Langguth & Oliveira, 1998 Pp 40 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-chão / Reig’s Grass Mouse
A. sanctipaulensis Hershkovitz, 1990 MA 20 g In/On Te S S Rato-do-chão / São Paulo Grass Mouse
A. serrensis Thomas, 1902 MA 16-42 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-chão / Serra do Mar Grass Mouse
A. toba Thomas, 1921 Pt 40 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-chão / Chaco Grass Mouse
Bibimys (1)
B. labiosus (Winge, 1887) MA 30 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-chão / Large-lipped Crimson-nosed Rat
Blarinomys (1)
B. breviceps (Winge, 1887) MA 40 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-mato / Brazilian Shrew Mouse
Brucepattersonius (4)
B. griserufescens Hershkovitz, 1998 MA 20-27 g In/On SF S S Rato-do-chão / Gray-bellied Akodont
B. igniventris Hershkovitz, 1998 MA 30-35 g In/On SF S S Rato-do-chão / Red-bellied Akodont
B. iheringi (Thomas, 1896) MA 20-30 g In/On SF S N Rato-do-chão / Ihering’s Akodont
B. soricinus Hershkovitz, 1998 MA 20-30 g In/On SF S S Rato-do-chão / Soricine Akodont
Calomys (7)
C. callidus (Thomas, 1916) 2Ce, Pa 25-50 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-chão / Reclusive Laucha
C. callosus (Rengger, 1830) Ce, Pa 15-46 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-chão / Big Laucha
C. cerqueirai Bonvicino, Oliveira & Gentile,
2010 Ce 25-35 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-do-chão / Cerqueira´s Laucha
C. expulsus (Lund, 1841) Ce, Ca 25-40 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-chão / Caatinga Laucha
52 |
| 53
Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
C. laucha (G. Fischer, 1814) Pp 16-22 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-chão / Little Laucha
C. tener (Winge, 1887) MA, Ce, Ca 15-25 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-chão / Delicate Laucha
C. tocantinsi Bonvicino, Lima & Almeida, 2003 Ce 15-31 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-chão / Tocantins Laucha
Cerradomys (7)
C. goytaca Tavares, Pessôa & Gonçalves, 2011 MA 54-130 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-do-chão / Restinga Rice Rat
C. langguthi Percequillo, Hingst-Zaher &
Bonvicino, 2008 MA, Ca 52-72 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-chão / Langguth’s Rice Rat
C. maracajuensis (Langguth & Bonvicino, 2002) Ce 85-143 g Fr/Gr Te N S Rato-do-mato / Maracaju Rice Rat
C. marinhus (Bonvicino, 2003) Ce 88-120 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-mato / Marinho’s Rice Rat
C. scotti (Langguth & Bonvicino, 2002) Ce, Pt 54-126 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Lindbergh’s Rice Rat
C. subavus (Wagner, 1842) MA, Ce 70-115 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Flavescent Rice Rat
C. vivoi Percequillo, Hingst-Zaher & Bonvicino,
2008 MA, Ce, Ca 65-90 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-mato / De Vivo’s Rice Rat
Delomys (2)
D. dorsalis (Hensel, 1873) MA 45-75 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Striped Atlantic Forest Rat
D. sublineatus (Thomas, 1903) MA 45-83 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-mato / Pallid Atlantic Forest Rat
Deltamys (1)
D. kempi Thomas, 1917 Pp 26 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-mato / Kemp’s Grass Mouse
Drymoreomys (1)
D. albimaculatus Percequillo, Weksler & Costa,
2011 MA 50-102 g In/On Te S S Rato-do-mato / Montane Forest Rat
Euryoryzomys (5)
E. emmonsae (Musser, Carleton, Brothers &
Gardner, 1998) Am 64-78 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-do-mato / Emmons’s Rice Rat
54 |
| 55
Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
E. lamia (Thomas, 1901) Ce 40-85 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-do-mato / Buffy-sided Rice Rat
E. macconnelli (Thomas, 1910) Am 58-80 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / MacConnell’s Rice Rat
E. nitidus (Thomas, 1884) Am 55-70 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Elegant Rice Rat
E. russatus (Wagner, 1848) MA 70-100 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Russet Rice Rat
Gyldenstolpia (2)
G. fronto (Winge, 1887) Ce 230 g Hb SF N NRato-do-mato / Fossorial Giant Rat
G. planaltensis (Ávila-Pires, 1972) Ce 225 g Hb SF S SRato-do-mato / Fossorial Giant Rat
Holochilus (4)
H. brasiliensis (Desmarest, 1819) MA, Ce 130-290 g Fr/Hb SA N N Rato-d’água / Brazilian Marsh Rat
H. chacarius Thomas, 1906 Pt 90-128 g Fr/Hb SA N N Rato-d’água / Chacoan Marsh Rat
H. sciureus Wagner, 1842 Am, Ce, Ca 90-200 g Fr/Hb SA N N Rato-d’água / Amazonian Marsh Rat
H. vulpinus (Brants, 1827) 3Pp 202-275 g Fr/Hb SA N N Rato-d’água / Pampas Marsh Rat
Hylaeamys (6)
H. acritus (Emmons & Patton, 2005) 4Am 57 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Mixed Rice Rat
H. laticeps (Lund, 1840) MA 51 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-mato / Atlantic Forest Rice Rat
H. megacephalus (G. Fischer, 1814) Am, MA, Ce, Pt 60 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Azara’s Broad-headed Rice Rat
H. oniscus (Thomas, 1904) 5MA 59 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-mato / Northeastern Rice Rat
H. perenensis (J. A. Allen, 1901) Am 60 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Western Amazonian Rice Rat
H. yunganus (Thomas, 1902) Am 26-53 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Amazonian Rice Rat
Juliomys (3)
J. ossitenuis Costa, Pavan, Leite & Fagundes,
2007 MA 18-28 g Fr/Se Ar S S Rato-do-mato / Slender Juliomys
54 |
| 55
Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
J. pictipes (Osgood, 1933) MA 24 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-do-mato / Contrera’s Juliomys
J. rimofrons Oliveira & Bonvicino, 2002 MA 15-23 g Fr/Se Ar S S Rato-do-mato / Cleft-headed Juliomys
Juscelinomys (1)
J. candango Moojen, 1965 6Ce 90 g In/On SF S S Rato-do-mato / Candango Akodont
Kunsia (1)
K. tomentosus (Lichtenstein, 1830) Ce 350-510 g Hb SF N N Rato-do-mato / Woolly Giant Rat
Lundomys (1)
L. molitor (Winge, 1887) Pp 280 g Fr/On SA N N Rato-do-mato / Lund’s Amphibious Rat
Microakodontomys (1)
M. transitorius Hershkovitz, 1993 Ce 18 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-do-mato / Transitional Colilargo
Neacomys (6)
N. dubosti Voss, Lunde & Simmons, 2001 Am 14 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-espinhoso / Dubost’s Bristly Mouse
N. guianae Thomas, 1905 7Am 13 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-espinhoso/Guianan Bristly Mouse
N. minutus Patton, da Silva & Malcolm, 2000 Am 14 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-espinhoso / Minute Bristly Mouse
N. musseri Patton, da Silva & Malcolm, 2000 Am 14 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-espinhoso / Musser’s Bristly Mouse
N. paracou Voss, Lunde & Simmons, 2001 Am 14 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-espinhoso / Paracou Bristly Mouse
N. spinosus (Thomas, 1882) Am, Ce 31 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-espinhoso / Common Bristly Mouse
Necromys (2)
N. lasiurus (Lund, 1841) Am, MA, Ce, Ca,
Pt, Pp 40-80 g Fr/On Te N N Rato-do-mato / Hairy-tailed Akodont
N. urichi (J. A. Allen & Chapman, 1897) Am 29-39 g Fr/On Te N N Rato-do-mato / Northern Akodont
Nectomys (3)
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
N. apicalis Peters, 1861 Am 200 g Fr/On SA N N Rato-d’água / Western Amazonian Water Rat
N. rattus (Pelzeln, 1883) Am, Ce, Ca, Pt 130-350 g Fr/On SA N N Rato-d’água / Amazonian Water Rat
N. squamipes (Brants, 1827) Ma, Ce 100-400 g Fr/On SA N N Rato-d’água / Atlantic Forest Water Rat
Neusticomys (2)
N. ferreirai Percequillo, Carmignotto & Silva,
2005 Am 25-34 g In/On SA S S Rato-d’água / Ferreira’s Fish-eating Rat
N. oyapocki (Dubost & Petter, 1978) Am 21-47 g In/On SA N N Rato-d’água / Oyapock’s Fish-eating Rat
Noronhomys (1)
N. vespuccii Carleton & Olson, 1999 8? Hb Te S S Rato-de-Noronha / Vespucci’s Rodent
Oecomys (12)
O. auyantepui Tate, 1939 Am 42 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Guianan Arboreal Rice Rat
O. bicolor (Tomes, 1860) Am, Ce, Pt 28 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / White-bellied Arboreal Rice Rat
O. catherinae Thomas, 1909 MA, Ce, Ca 70 g Fr/Se Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Atlantic Forest Arboreal Rice Rat
O. cleberi Locks, 1981 Ce 28 g Fr/Se Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Cleber’s Arboreal Rice Rat
O. concolor (Wagner, 1845) Am 32 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Unicolored Arboreal Rice Rat
O. mamorae (Thomas, 1906) Ce, Pt 80 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Mamoré Arboreal Rice Rat
O. paricola (Thomas, 1904) Am 37 g Fr/Se Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Brazilian Arboreal Rice Rat
O. rex Thomas, 1910 Am 60 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Regal Arboreal Rice Rat
O. roberti (Thomas, 1904) Am, Ce, Pt 240 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Robert’s Arboreal Rice Rat
O. rutilus Anthony, 1921 Am 20 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Reddish Arboreal Rice Rat
O. superans Thomas, 1911 Am 90 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Large Arboreal Rice Rat
O. trinitatis (J. A. Allen & Chapman, 1893) Am 61 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Long-furred Arboreal Rice Rat
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Oligoryzomys (9)
O. chacoensis (Myers & Carleton, 1981) Ce, Pt 31 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Rato-do-mato / Chacoan Colilargo
O. avescens (Waterhouse, 1837) Ma, Ce, Pp 20 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Rato-do-mato / Flavescent Colilargo
O. fornesi (Massoia, 1973) Ce, Ca, Pt 14 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Rato-do-mato / Fornes’ Colilargo
O. fulvescens (Saussure, 1860) Am 16 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Rato-do-mato / Fulvous Colilargo
O. microtis (J. A. Allen, 1916) Am 20 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Rato-do-mato / Small-eared Colilargo
O. moojeni Weksler & Bonvicino, 2005 Ce 17 g Fr/Gr Sc S N Rato-do-mato / Moojen’s Colilargo
O. nigripes (Olfers, 1818) 9MA, Ce, Ca, Pt, Pp 25 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Rato-do-mato / Black-footed Colilargo
O. rupestris Weksler & Bonvicino, 2005 Ce 14 g Fr/Gr Sc S S Rato-do-mato / Rocky Outcrop Colilargo
O. stramineus Bonvicino & Weksler, 1998 Ce, Ca 27 g Fr/Gr Sc S N Rato-do-mato / Straw-colored Colilargo
Oxymycterus (9)
O. amazonicus Hershkovitz, 1994 Am 76 g In/On SF S N Rato-do-brejo / Amazonian Hocicudo
O. caparaoe Hershkovitz, 1998 10 MA 46 g In/On SF S N Rato-do-brejo / Mt Caparaó Hocicudo
O. dasytrichus (Schinz, 1821) MA 95 g In/On SF S N Rato-do-brejo / Northern Atlantic Forest
Hocicudo
O. delator Thomas, 1903 Ce, Ca 78 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-brejo / Paraguayan Hocicudo
O. inca Thomas, 1900 Am 40-120 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-brejo / Inca Hocicudo
O. judex Thomas, 1909 11 MA 92 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-brejo / Southern Atlantic Forest
Hocicudo
O. nasutus (Waterhouse, 1837) MA, Pp 50 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-brejo / Long-nosed Hocicudo
O. quaestor Thomas, 1903 MA 45 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-brejo / Quaestor Hocicudo
O. rufus (G. Fischer, 1814) Ma 70 g In/On SF N N Rato-do-brejo / Rufous Hocicudo
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Phaenomys (1)
P. ferrugineus (Thomas, 1894) MA 103 g Fo Ar S S Rato-ferrugíneo / Rusty Arboreal Rat
Podoxymys (1)
P. roraimae Anthony, 1929 12 Am ? Hb SF N S Rato-do-mato / Roraima Mouse
Pseudoryzomys (1)
P. simplex (Winge, 1887) Ce, Ca 45-55 g Fr/On Te N N Rato-do-mato / Brazilian False Rice Rat
Reithrodon (1)
R. typicus Waterhouse, 1837 Pp 85 g Hb Te N N Rato-do-mato / Naked-sole Conyrat
Rhagomys (1)
R. rufescens (Thomas, 1886) MA 15 g In/On Sc S N Rato-vermelho / Rufescent Arboreal Mouse
Rhipidomys (12)
R. cariri Tribe, 2005 Ca 70 g Fr/Se Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Cariri Climbing Mouse
R. emiliae (J. A. Allen, 1916) Am 82 g Fr/Se Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Eastern Amazon Climbing
Mouse
R. gardneri Patton, da Silva & Malcolm, 2000 Am ? Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Gardner’s Climbing Mouse
R. ipukensis Rocha, B.M.A Costa & L.P. Costa,
2011 Ce 66 g Fr/Se Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Ipuka Climbing Mouse
R. itoan B.M.A. Costa, Geise, Pereira & L.P.
Costa, 2011 MA 77 g Fr/Se Ar S SRato-da-árvore / Itoan Climbing Mouse
R. leucodactylus (Tschudi,1845) Am ? Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / White-footed Climbing Mouse
R. macconnelli de Winton, 1900 13 Am 60 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Tepui Climbing Mouse
R. macrurus (Gervais, 1855) Ce, Ca 80 g Fr/Se Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Long-tailed Climbing Mouse
R. mastacalis (Lund, 1840) MA, Ce 87 g Fr/Se Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Atlantic Forest Climbing Mouse
R. nitela Thomas, 1901 Am 40-60 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Guianan Climbing Mouse
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
R. tribei B.M.A. Costa, Geise, Pereira & L.P.
Costa, 2011 MA 50 g Fr/Se Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Tribe’s Climbing Mouse
R. wetzeli Gardner, 1989 13 Am 40 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / Wetzel’s Climbing Mouse
Scapteromys (1)
S. tumidus (Waterhouse, 1837) Pp 146 g In/On SA N N Rato-d’água / Uruguay Swamp Rat
Scolomys (1)
S. ucayalensis Pacheco, 1991 Am 26 g Hb Te N N Rato-do-mato / Ucayali Spiny Mouse
Sigmodon (1)
S. alstoni (Thomas, 1881) Am 74 g Hb Te N N Rato-do-mato / Alston’s Cotton Rat
Sooretamys (1)
S. angouya (G. Fischer, 1814) MA 140 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Angouya Rice Rat
Thalpomys (2)
T. cerradensis Hershkovitz, 1990 Ce 20-35 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-chão / Cerrado Mouse
T. lasiotis Thomas, 1916 Ce 17-30 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-do-chão / Hairy-eared Mouse
Thaptomys (1)
T. nigrita (Lichtenstein, 1829) MA 20 g In/On Te N N Rato-do-chão / Ebony Grass Mouse
Wiedomys (2)
W. cerradensis Gonçalves, Almeida &
Bonvicino, 2005 Ce 40 g Fr/On Sc S S Rato-do-mato / Cerrado Wiedomys
W. pyrrhorhinos (Wied-Neuwied, 1821) Ca 40 g Fr/On Sc S N Rato-de-fava / Red-nosed Mouse
Wilfredomys (1)
W. oenax (Thomas, 1928) MA 75 g Fr/Fo Ar N N Rato-do-mato / Rufous-nosed Mouse
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Zygodontomys (1)
Z. brevicauda (J. A. Allen & Chapman, 1893) 14 Am 50 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-do-mato / Short-tailed Cane Mouse
FAMILIA CTENOMYIDAE (7)
Ctenomys (7)
C. bolivensis Waterhouse, 1848 Ce, Pt 420-650 g Hb Fs N N Tuco-tuco / Bolivian Tuco-tuco
C. brasiliensis Blainville, 1826 15 Ce 240 g Hb Fs S S Tuco-tuco / Brazilian Tuco-tuco
C. amarioni Travi, 1981 Pp 240 g Hb Fs S S Tuco-tuco / Flamarion’s Tuco-tuco
C. lami Freitas, 2001 Pp 240 g Hb Fs S S Tuco-tuco / Lami Tuco-tuco
C. minutus Nehring, 1887 Ce, Pp 240 g Hb Fs S S Tuco-tuco / Tiny Tuco-tuco
C. nattereri Wagner, 1848 16 Ce 240 g Hb Fs S S Tuco-tuco / Natterer’s Tuco-tuco
C. torquatus Lichtenstein, 1830 Pp 240 g Hb Fs N N Tuco-tuco / Collared Tuco-tuco
FAMILIA CUNICULIDAE (1)
Cuniculus (1)
C. paca (Linnaeus, 1766) Am, MA, Ce, Ca,
Pt, Pp 9.3 kg Fr/Hb Te N N Paca / Spotted Paca
FAMILIA DASYPROCTIDAE (11)
Dasyprocta (9)
D. aurea Cope, 1889 17 Ce 2.1-3.2 kg Fr/Gr Te S S Cutia / Cope’s Agouti
D. azarae Lichtenstein, 1823 MA, Ce, Pt, Pp 2.3-3.5 kg Fr/Gr Te N N Cutia / Azara’s Agouti
D. catrinae (Thomas, 1917) 17 Ma 2.8-5kg Fr/Gr Te S S Cutia / Santa Catarina Agouti
D. croconota Wagler, 1831 18 Am 2-3 kg Fr/Gr Te S N Cutia / Amazon Red-rumped Agouti
D. fuliginosa Wagler, 1832 Am 3-4 kg Fr/Gr Te N N Cutia / Black Agouti
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RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
D. variegata Tschudi, 1844 20 Am, Pa 3 kg Fr/Gr Te N N Cutia / Variegated Agouti
D. leporina (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA 3-8 kg Fr/Gr Te N N Cutia / Red-rumped Agouti
D. nigriclunis Osgood, 1916 19 Ce, Ca 3 kg Fr/Gr Te S N Cutia / Highland Black-rumped Agouti
D. prymnolopha Wagler, 1831 Am, MA, Ce, Ca 3 kg Fr/Gr Te S N Cutia / Black-rumped Agouti
Myoprocta (2)
M. acouchy (Erxleben, 1777) Am 1-1.4 kg Fr/Gr Te N N Cutiara, cotiara / Red Acouchi
M. pratti Pocock, 1913 Am 800-1200 g Fr/Gr Te N N Cutiara, cotiara / Green Acouchi
FAMILIA DINOMYIDAE (1)
Dinomys (1)
D. branickii Peters, 1873 Am 13 kg Fr/Hb Te N N Pacarana / Pacarana
FAMILIA ECHIMYIDAE (65)
Callistomys (1)
C. pictus (Pictet, 1841) MA 267-480 g Fr/Fo Ar S S Rato-do-cacau, sarué-beju / Painted Tree-rat
Carterodon (1)
C. sulcidens (Lund, 1841) Ce 180 g Hb Fs S N Rato-do-mato / Owl’s Spiny Rat
Clyomys (1)
C. laticeps (Thomas, 1909) 21 Ce, Pt 100-270 g Hb SF N N Rato-de-espinho / Broad-headed Spiny-rat
Dactylomys (2)
D. boliviensis Anthony, 1920 Am 650 g Fo Ar N N Toró, rato-do-bambu / Bolivian Bamboo Rat
D. dactylinus (Desmarest, 1817) Am, Ce 650 g Fo Ar N N Toró, rato-do-bambu / Amazon Bamboo Rat
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Echimys (2)
E. chrysurus (Zimmermann, 1780) Am 415-890 g Fr/Se Ar N N Rato-da-árvore / White-faced Spiny Tree-rat
E. vieirai Iack-Ximenes, Vivo & Percequillo,
2005 Am 640 g Fr/Se Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Vieira’s Spiny Tree-rat
Euryzygomatomys (1)
E. spinosus (G. Fischer, 1814) MA, Ce, Pp 170-200 g Hb SF N N Guirá / Guiara
Isothrix (3)
I. bistriata Wagner, 1845 Am 450 g Fr/Fo Ar N N Rato-coró / Yellow-crowned Brush-tailed Rat
I. negrensis Thomas, 1920 Am 410 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Rato-coró / Rio Negro Brush-tailed Rat
I. pagurus Wagner, 1845 Am 400 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Rato-coró / Plain Brush-tailed Rat
Kannabateomys (1)
K. amblyonyx (Wagner, 1845) MA, Ce 380-460 g Fo Ar N N Rato-da-taquara / Atlantic Bamboo Rat
Lonchothrix (1)
L. emiliae Thomas, 1920 Am 190 g Fr/On Ar S N Rato-de-espinho / Tuft-tailed Spiny Tree-rat
Makalata (3)
M. didelphoides (Desmarest, 1817) Am 250-390 g Fo Ar N N Rato-coró / Red-nosed Armored Tree-rat
M. macrura (Wagner, 1842) Am 340-405 g Fo Ar N N Rato-coró / Long-tailed Armored Tree-rat
M. obscura (Wagner, 1840) 22 Am 240-400 g Fo Ar S N Rato-coró / Dark Armored Tree-rat
Mesomys (3)
M. hispidus (Desmarest, 1817) Am 160-220 g Fr/On Ar N N Rato-de-espinho / Ferreira’s Spiny Tree-rat
M. occultus Patton, da Silva & Malcolm, 2000 Am 160-220 g Fr/On Ar S S Rato-de-espinho / Tufted-tailed Spiny Tree-rat
M. stimulax Thomas, 1911 Am 150 g Fr/On Ar S N Rato-de-espinho / Pará Spiny Tree-rat
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
Myocastor (1)
M. coypus (Molina, 1782) 23 Ma, Pp 1-1.08 kg Fr/On SA N N Ratão-do-banhado / Coypu
Phyllomys (13)
P. blainvilii (Jourdan, 1837) MA, Ca 218 g Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Golden Atlantic Tree-rat
P. brasiliensis Lund, 1840 MA, Ce 240 g Fo Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Orange-brown Atlantic Tree-rat
P. dasythrix Hensel, 1872 MA 250 g Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Drab Atlantic Tree-rat
P. kerri (Moojen, 1950) MA 235 g Fo Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Kerr’s Atlantic Tree-rat
P. lamarum (Thomas, 1916) MA, Ca 170 g Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Pallid Atlantic Tree-rat
P. lundi Leite, 2003 MA 170 g Fo Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Lund’s Atlantic Tree-rat
P. mantiqueirensis Leite, 2003 MA 207 g Fo Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Mantiqueira Atlantic Tree-rat
P. medius (Thomas, 1909) MA 220 g Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Long-furred Atlantic Tree-rat
P. nigrispinus (Wagner, 1842) MA 250 g Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Black-spined Atlantic Tree-rat
P. pattoni Emmons, Leite, Kock & Costa, 2002 MA 212 g Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Rusty-sided Atlantic Tree-rat
P. sulinus Leite, Christoff & Fagundes, 2008 MA 250 g Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Southern Atlantic Tree-rat
P. thomasi (Ihering, 1871) MA 320 g Fo Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Giant Atlantic Tree-rat
P. unicolor (Wagner, 1842) MA 320 g Fo Ar S S Rato-da-árvore / Short-furred Atlantic Tree-rat
Proechimys (14)
P. brevicauda (Günther, 1877) Am 360 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Short-tailed Spiny-rat
P. cuvieri Petter, 1978 Am 343 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Cuvier’s Spiny-rat
P. echinothrix da Silva, 1998 Am 245 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Stiff-spine Spiny-rat
P. gardneri da Silva, 1998 Am ? Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Gardner’s Spiny-rat
P. goeldii Thomas, 1905 Am 350 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-de-espinho / Goeldi’s Spiny-rat
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
P. guyannensis (É. Geoffroy, 1803) 24 Am 191 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Cayenne Spiny-rat
P. hoplomyoides (Tate, 1939) 25 Am 190-360 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Guyanan Spiny-rat
P. kulinae da Silva, 1998 Am 190-360 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Kulina Spiny-rat
P. longicaudatus (Rengger, 1830) Ce, Pt 210 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Long-tailed Spiny-rat
P. pattoni da Silva, 1998 Am 190-360 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Patton’s Spiny-rat
P. quadruplicatus Hershkovitz, 1948 26 Am 284 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Napo Spiny-rat
P. roberti Thomas, 1901 27 Am, Ce 191 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-de-espinho / Robert’s Spiny-rat
P. simonsi Thomas, 1900 Am 240 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Simon’s Spiny-rat
P. steerei Goldman, 1911 Am 350 g Fr/Gr Te N N Rato-de-espinho / Steere’s Spiny-rat
Thrichomys (4)
T. apereoides (Lund, 1839) Ce, Ca 260 g Fr/Hb Te N N Punaré, rabudo / Common Punaré
T. inermis (Pictet, 1841) Ce, Ca 200 g Fr/Hb Te S N Punaré, rabudo / Highlands Punaré
T. laurentius (Thomas, 1904) 28 MA, Ca 190 g Fr/Hb Te S N Punaré, rabudo / São Lourenço’s Punaré
T. pachyurus (Wagner, 1845) Ce, Pt 330 g Fr/Hb Te N N Punaré, rabudo / Paraguayan Punaré
Toromys (1)
T. grandis (Wagner, 1845) 29 Am 585 g Fr/Fo Ar S N Rato-da-árvore / Giant Tree-rat
Trinomys (13)
T. albispinus (I. Geoffroy, 1838) MA, Ce, Ca 160 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-de-espinho / White-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. bonadei (Moojen, 1948) 30 MA 200 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Serra dos Órgãos Atlantic
Spiny-rat
T. dimidiatus (Günther, 1877) MA 200 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Soft-spined Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. elegans (Lund, 1841) 31 MA 200 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Minas Gerais Atlantic Spiny-rat
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Ordem / Order
RODENTIA
Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
T. eliasi (Pessôa & Reis, 1993) MA 230 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Elias Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. iheringi (Thomas, 1911) MA 200 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-de-espinho / Ihering’s Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. minor (Reis & Pessôa, 1995) 32 Ca 150 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-de-espinho / Tiny Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. mirapitanga Lara, Patton & Hingst-Zaher,
2002 MA 240 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Dark-caped Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. moojeni (Pessôa, Oliveira & Reis, 1992) MA, Ce 170 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Moojen’s Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. panema (Moojen, 1948) 30 MA 260 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-de-espinho / Gracile Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. paratus (Moojen, 1948) MA 280 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Spiked Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. setosus (Desmarest, 1817) MA 180 g Fr/Gr Te S N Rato-de-espinho / Hairy Atlantic Spiny-rat
T. yonenagae (Rocha, 1995) Ca 180 g Fr/Gr Te S S Rato-de-espinho / Yonenaga’s Atlantic Spiny-rat
FAMILIA ERETHIZONTIDAE (7)
Chaetomys (1)
C. subspinosus (Olfers, 1818) MA 1.3 kg Fo/Fr Ar S N Ouriço-preto, gandú / Bristle-spined Porcupine
Coendou (6)
C. insidiosus (Lichtenstein, 1818) MA, Ca 1.2-1.34 kg Fr/Fo Ar S N Ouriço-cacheiro / Bahian Hairy Dwarf Porcupine
C. melanurus (Wagner, 1842) Am 1.5-2.4 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Ouriço-cacheiro / Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf
Porcupine
C. nycthemera (Olfers, 1818) Am 3.36 kg Fr/Fo/Se Ar S N Ouriço, porco-espinho / Black Dwarf Porcupine
C. prehensilis (Linnaeus, 1758) Am, MA, Ce, Ca, Pt 3.2-5.3 kg Fr/Fo/Se Ar N N Ouriço, porco-espinho / Brazilian Porcupine
C. roosmalenorum (Voss & da Silva, 2001) Am 1.2 kg Fr/Fo Ar S N Ouriço-cacheiro / Roosmalen’s Hairy Dwarf
Porcupine
C. spinosus (F. Cuvier, 1823) MA, Ce 1.8 kg Fr/Fo Ar N N Ouriço-cacheiro / Paraguayan Hairy Dwarf
Porcupine
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Biomas
Biomes
Peso
Weight
Dieta
Diet
Locomoção
Locomotor
End.
Brasil
DR
RR Nome comum / Common name
FAMILIA SCIURIDAE (11)
Guerlinguetus (7) 33
G. aestuans (Linnaeus, 1766) Am 175-210 g Fr/On Sc N N Caxinguelê, esquilo / Guianan Squirrel
G. alphonsei (Thomas, 1906) 34 MA, Ca 120-190 g Fr/Gr Sc S N Caxinguelê, esquilo / Alphonse’s Squirrel
G. gilvigularis (Wagner, 1842) Am 164 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Quatipuru, esquilo / Yellow-throated Squirrel
G. henseli (Miranda-Ribeiro, 1941) 34 MA, Pp 185 g Fr/Gr Sc S N Caxinguelê, esquilo / Hensel’s Squirrel
G. ignitus (Gray, 1867) Am 225-240 g Fr/On Sc N N Quatipuru-pequeno / Bolivian Squirrel
G. ingrami (Thomas, 1901) 34 MA 125-216 g Fr/Gr Sc S N Caxinguelê, esquilo / Southeastern Squirrel
G. poaiae Moojen, 1942 34 Ce 185 g Fr/Gr Sc S N Caxinguelê, esquilo / Moojen’s Squirrel
Microsciurus (1)
M. aviventer (Gray, 1867) Am 60-128 g Fr/On Ar N N Quatipuruzinho-bigodeiro / Amazon Dwarf
Squirrel
Sciurillus (1)
S. pusillus (É. Geoffroy, 1803) Am 40 g Fr/Fo Ar N N Quatipuruzinho / Neotropical Pygmy Squirrel
Urosciurus (2)
U. igniventris (Wagner, 1842) Am 500-900 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Esquilo, quatipuru / Northern Amazon Red
Squirrel
U. spadiceus Olfers, 1818 Am 600-650 g Fr/Gr Sc N N Esquilo, quatipuru / Southern Amazon Red
Squirrel
66 |
| 67
Notas Taxonômicas
1- Paula Couto (1950) considerou G. avidens um sinônimo junior de G. spixii, mas Cabrera (1961) acredita que sejam espécies distintas (Woods & Kilpatrick, 2005). Mantivemos
provisoriamente G. avidens, dependendo da revisão taxonômica do gênero.
2- Ocorrência no Brasil segundo Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
3- Wilson & Reeder (2005) consideram como sinônimo de H. brasiliensis. Bonvicino et al. (2008) consideram como espécie válida.
4- Provavelmente ocorre no Brasil. A espécie foi descrita de dez localidades no nordeste da Bolívia, duas delas na fronteira com o Brasil (Emmons & Patton, 2005). Não listada para
o Brasil por Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006) e Bonvicino et al. (2008).
5- Não listada para o Brasil por Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006) e Bonvicino et al. (2008), mas listada em Weksler et al. (2006).
6- Espécie não registrada desde sua descrição original há mais de 40 anos atrás. Considerada extinta pela IUCN (2009).
7- Não listada para o Brasil por Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006) e Bonvicino et al. (2008). Ocorrência listada para Brasil em Wilson & Reeder 2005. Coletada em oresta primária no vale
do rio Jari entre os estados do Amapá e Pará (Leite, 2006).
8- A espécie era endêmica da Ilha de Fernando de Noronha e foi extinta provavelmente logo após a chegada dos europeus em 1503 (Carleton & Olson, 1999). Não listada por Oliveira
& Bonvicino (2006) e Bonvicino et al. (2008).
9- Weksler & Bonvicino (2005) tentativamente colocaram O. delticola (Thomas, 1917) e O. eliurus (Wagner, 1845) como sinônimos junior de O. nigripes, dependendo de avaliação
futura dos espécimes tipo.
10- Oxymycterus caparoae em Musser & Carleton (2005) é uma graa posterior incorreta.
11- Listado como sinônimo de O. quaestor Thomas, 1903, por Musser & Carleton (2005). Considerado espécie válida por Oliveira (1998) e Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
12- A localidade tipo é indicada como “topo do Monte Roraima, British Guiana”, mas essa localidade é a convergência das fronteiras entre Brasil, Guyana e Venezuela.
13- A espécie é conhecida da Venezuela, próximo da fronteira com o Brasil. Não listada por Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006) e Bonvicino et al. (2008).
14- Esse taxon provavelmente compreende mais de uma espécie. Amostras do alto rio Negro no Brasil não podem ser alocadas em nenhuma espécie atualmente reconhecida de
Zygodontomys devido a diferenças cariológicas e morfológicas (Bonvicino et al., 2003).
15- Essa é a espécie-tipo do gênero Ctenomys e sua verdadeira identidade e status taxonômico precisa ser avaliado. O holótipo é de “Minas Gerais”, mas não existem registros de
nenhuma especie de Ctenomys para o estado de Minas Gerais.
16- Listado como sub-espécie de C. boliviensis Waterhouse, 1848 por Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), seguindo Anderson et al. (1987). Considerada aqui como espécie válida seguindo
Mascheretti et al. (2000).
17- Listado como sinônimo de D. azarae por Woods & Kilpatrick (2005). Seguimos Iack-Ximenes (1999), mas o status como espécie é questionável.
18- Listado como sinônimo de D. leporina por Woods & Kilpatrick (2005). Seguimos Iack-Ximenes (1999), mas o status como espécie é questionável.
19- Listado como sinônimo de D. prymnolopha por Woods & Kilpatrick (2005). Seguimos Iack-Ximenes (1999), mas o status como espécie é questionável.
20- Provavelmente ocorre no Brasil. Existem registros do alto Rio Purus, logo na divisa entre Peru e Brasil.
21- Clyomys bishopi Ávila-Pires & Wutke, 1981, é um sinônimo junior de C. laticeps segundo Bezerra & Oliveira (2010).
22- Colocada no gênero Mesomys até recentemente (e.g., Woods, 1993 e Fonseca et al., 1996). Emmons (2005) lista Loncheres obscura Wagner, 1840 em seu grupo “didelphoides” de
Makalata. Ela indica que o holótipo foi perdido, mas a descrição original e as guras parecem ser de um Makalata. Contudo, o nome não pode ser atualmente designado para nenhuma
outra espécie ou população (Emmons, 2005).
23- Tradicionalmente listado em sua propria familia Myocastoridae (e.g., Woods & Kilpatrick, 2005). Aqui nós colocamos na familia Echmyidae, seguindo McKenna & Bell (1997)
e Galewski et al. (2005).
24- P. cayennensis Desmarest, 1817 é sinônimo (Hershkovitz 1948). P. arabupu é sinônimo segundo Patton (1987) e Weksler et al. (2001), mas Bonvicino et al. (2008) reconhecem
como espécie válida.
25- A localidade tipo foi fornecida como “Acampamento Rondon, Monte Roraima, 6800 pés” e considerado como em Bolívar, Venezuela, mas o tepui Roraima ca na borda entre
Venezuela, Guiana e Brasil.
26- P. amphichoricus Moojen, 1948 é sinônimo segundo Patton et al. (2000).
27- P. oris Thomas, 1904 é sinônimo segundo Weksler et al. (2001).
28- Listado como sub-espécie de T. apereoides (Lund, 1839), mas reconhecido como espécie válida por Bonvicino et al. (2002) e Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
68 |
29- Inicialmente incluido em Makalata por Emmons (2005) e Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), mas alocado em um novo gênero, Toromys, by Iack-Ximenes et al. (2005).
30- Listado como subespécie de T. gratiosus (Moojen, 1948) por Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), mas reconhecido como espécie por Iack-Ximenes (2005).
31- Listado como subespécie de T. setosus (Desmarest, 1817) por Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), mas reconhecido como espécie por Iack-Ximenes (2005).
32- Listado como subespécie de T. albispinus (I. Geoffroy, 1838) por Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), mas reconhecido como espécie por Iack-Ximenes (2005).
33- Guerlinguetus é listado como subgênero de Sciurus por Thorington Jr. & Hoffmann (2005), mas reconhecido como gênero por Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
34- Listado como subespécie de S. aestuans por Thorington Jr. & Hoffmann (2005), mas reconhecido como espécie by Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
Taxonomic Notes
1- Paula Couto (1950) considered G. avidens a junior synonym of G. spixii, but Cabrera (1961) believed both to be distinct species (Woods & Kilpatrick, 2005). We provisionally
retain G. avidens, pending a taxonomic revision of the genus.
2- Occurence in Brazil according to Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
3- Wilson & Reeder (2005) considered it to be a synonym of H. brasiliensis. Bonvicino et al. (2008) considered it a valid species.
4- Probably occurs in Brazil. The species was described from 10 localities in northeastern Bolivia, two of them at the Brazilian border (Emmons & Patton, 2005). Not listed by Oliveira
& Bonvicino (2006) and Bonvicino et al. (2008).
5- Not listed by Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006) and Bonvicino et al. (2008), but listed in Weksler et al. (2006).
6- Species not recorded since its original description more than 40 years ago. Considered Extinct by IUCN (2009).
7- Not listed by Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006) and Bonvicino et al. (2008). Occurrence listed for Brazil in Wilson & Reeder (2005). Collected in primary forest in the Rio Jari valley,
between the states of Amapá and Pará (Leite, 2006).
8- This species was endemic to Fernando de Noronha Island, and became extinct probably soon after European arrival in 1503 (Carleton & Olson, 1999). Not listed by Oliveira &
Bonvicino (2006) and Bonvicino et al. (2008).
9- Weksler & Bonvicino (2005) tentatively placed both O. delticola (Thomas, 1917) and O. eliurus (Wagner, 1845) as junior synonyms of O. nigripes, pending future examination of
type specimens.
10- Oxymycterus caparoae. Musser & Carleton (2005) is a subsequent incorrect spelling.
11- Listed as a synonym of O. quaestor Thomas, 1903 by Musser & Carleton (2005), but considered a full species by Oliveira (1998) and Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
12- The type locality was given as the “summit of Mount Roraima, British Guiana”, but this is where the current borders of Brazil, Guyana, and Venezuela converge.
13- The species is known from Venezuela, near the Brazilian border. Not listed by Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006) and Bonvicino et al. (2008).
14- This taxon probably encompasses more than one species. Samples from the upper Rio Negro in Brazil could not be allocated to any currently recognized species of Zygodontomys
due to karyological and morphological differences (Bonvicino et al., 2003).
15- This is the type species of the genus Ctenomys and its true identity and taxonomic status need to be evaluated. The holotype is from “Minas Gerais”, but there are no records of any
species of Ctenomys from the state of Minas Gerais.
16- Listed as a subspecies of C. boliviensis Waterhouse, 1848, by Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), following Anderson et al. (1987). Considered here a full species following Mascheretti
et al. (2000).
17- Listed as a synonym of D. azarae by Woods & Kilpatrick (2005). Here we follow Iack-Ximenes (1999), but its species` status is questionable.
18- Listed as a synonym of D. leporina by Woods & Kilpatrick (2005). Here we follow Iack-Ximenes (1999), but its species` status is questionable.
19- Listed as a synonym of D. prymnolopha by Woods & Kilpatrick (2005). Here we follow Iack-Ximenes (1999), but its species` status is questionable.
20- Probably occurs in Brazil. There are records from the upper Rio Purus, on the border of Brazil and Peru.
21- Clyomys bishopi Ávila-Pires & Wutke, 1981 is a junior synonym of C. laticeps according to Bezerra & Oliveira (2010).
22- Placed in the genus Mesomys until recently (e.g., Woods, 1993; Fonseca et al., 1996). Emmons (2005) listed Loncheres obscura Wagner, 1840, under her “didelphoides” group of
Makalata. She pointed out that the holotype has been lost, but the original description and gures appear to be of a Makalata. However, the name cannot be currently assigned to any
other species or population (Emmons, 2005).
23- Traditionally listed in its own family Myocastoridae (e.g., Woods & Kilpatrick, 2005). Here we place it in the family Echmyidae, following McKenna & Bell (1997) and Galewski
et al. (2005).
| 69
24- P. cayennensis Desmarest, 1817, is a synonym (Hershkovitz 1948). P. arabupu is a synonym according to Patton (1987) and Weksler et al. (2001), but Bonvicino et al. (2008)
recognize it as a valid species.
25- The type locality was given as the “Rondon Camp, Mt. Roraima, 6800 feet“ and is regarded as in Bolívar, Venezuela, but Mt. Roraima is at the junction of Venezuela, Guyana, and
Brazil.
26- P. amphichoricus Moojen, 1948, is a synonym according to Patton et al. (2000).
27- P. oris Thomas, 1904, is a synonym according to Weksler et al. (2001).
28- Listed as a subspecies of T. apereoides (Lund, 1839), but recognized as a full species by Bonvicino et al. (2002) and Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
29- Previously included in the genus Makalata by Emmons (2005) and Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), but placed in a new genus, Toromys, by Iack-Ximenes et al. (2005).
30- Listed as a subspecies of T. gratiosus (Moojen, 1948) by Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), but recognized as a full species by Iack-Ximenes (2005).
31- Listed as a subspecies of T. setosus (Desmarest, 1817) by Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), but recognized as a full species by Iack-Ximenes (2005).
32- Listed as a subspecies of T. albispinus (I. Geoffroy, 1838) by Woods & Kilpatrick (2005), but recognized as a full species by Iack-Ximenes (2005).
33- Guerlinguetus is listed as a subgenus of Sciurus by Thorington Jr. & Hoffmann (2005), but as a full genus by Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
34- Listed as a subspecies of S. aestuans by Thorington Jr. & Hoffmann (2005), but listed as a full species by Oliveira & Bonvicino (2006).
70 |
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