The lichen flora of the Termessos National Park in Southwestern Turkey

Abstract

Between March 2002 and 2003, the lichen flora of the Termossos National Park was studied for the first time. In all, 161 taxa (152 species, 4 subspecies, 5 varieties) were determined from 1114 lichen samples, of which 86 were new to Antalya Province and 5 were new to Turkey. The complete checklist can be downloaded as PDF file from www.mycotaxon.com/resources/weblists/html.

Full text

MYCOTAXON
Volume 94, pp. 43–46 October–December 2005
The lichen flora of the Termessos National Park
in Southwestern Turkey

ozgetufan@akdeniz.edu.tr
Akdeniz University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Biology Department,
TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey
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Introduction

   
 

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              





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


Material and Methods

           
         



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        
      
.
           

Results


     


Discussion
           Collema
conglomeratum Lecania inundata Leptogium furfuraceum Peltigera monticola 
Physconia servitii 


 

           
Lecanora bolcanaDiploschistes ocellatus,
   Aspicilia desertorum  A. hispida     
    Degelia plumbea  Staurolemma omphalarioides 
    Collema furfuraceum  C. nigrescens   

            

       
             
   Pinus nigra  Quercus coccifera,      

Anthracocarpon virescens, Caloplaca adriatica, Hypocenomyce
anthracophila, Neocatapyrenium rhizinosum, Pertusaria hymenea, Placidium pilosellum,
Solenopsora liparina  Staurolemma omphalarioides, 
 


Aspicilia calcareaCaloplaca aurantiaLecanora muralisLobothallia
radiosaPlacynthium nigrum Xanthoria elegans

Aspicilia farinosaCaloplaca chrysodetaC. xantholyta
Collema cristatumDiploschistes ocellatusLepraria nivalisSolenopsora candicans


Solenopsora liparina
         


Acknowledgements
 

 




      
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       


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Literature Cited


Catapyrenium
   Catapyrenium     
Verrucariaceae)       

             


             



              Xanthoparmelia
 Parmeliaceae
           
           
       

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
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
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 Leptogium
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
Hypogymnia 

Hypogymnia 


The lichen flora of the Termessos National Park in
Southwestern Turkey
ÖZGE TUFAN, HÜSEYIN SÜMBÜL & AYŞEN ÖZDEMIR TÜRK
ozgetufan@akdeniz.edu.tr
Akdeniz University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Biology Department,
TR-07058 Antalya, Turkey
Abstract – Between March 2002 and September 2003, the lichen flora of the Termessos
National Park was studied for the first time. In all, 161 taxa (152 species, 4 subspecies, 5
varieties) were determined from 1114 lichen samples, of which86 were new to Antalya
Province and 5 were new toTurkey.
Key words – lichens, Güllük Mountain, Antalya
Introduction
The number of studies on the lichen flora of Turkey has increased significantly over the
last two decades (e.g., Aslan 2000, Breuss & John 2004, Çiçek & Özdemir Türk 1998,
Güvenç et al. 1996, Özdemir Türk & Güner 1998, Öztürk & Güvenç 2003). Although
the lichen flora of the Mediterranean phytogeographical region of Turkey has received
more attention than the other regions of Turkey (John 1996, 2003; John & Nimis 1998;
Nimis & John 1998; John et al. 2000), even this area needs additional research. To
determine the lichen flora of the region, floristic studies that focus on small areas with
high biodiversity are needed.
Throughout the Mediterranean region of Turkey, there are ruins and cities from the
ancient civilizations, but until now no lichen floristic or biodeterioration study has been
published from such places. Termessos (Güllük Mountain) National Park, located on the
West side of the Taurus Mountains in Antalya province, southwestern Turkey, is such a
site. It is famous for its ancient city, Termessos, which is situated on a natural platform
at the top of Güllük Mountain, which has been formed by chemical erosion and tectonic
movements. It includes a canyon with very steep walls as high as 500-600 m.
Material and Methods
The research is based on 1114 lichen samples, which were collected from 54 localities
(Table 1) in Termessos National Park between March 2002 and September 2003. In
every locality coordinates and altitude were measured by GPS (Garmin 12X) and all
lichen samples were taken together with their substratum. The samples were brought
the laboratory and air-dried under room conditions (25 ± 2 ºC, RH 60±10).
For identification, macroscopic and microscopic characters were examined with
stereo- and light microscopes and by reference to recent literature (e.g. Wirth 1995,
Purvis et al. 1992, Clauzade & Roux 1985, Giordani et al. 2002, Jørgensen 1997,
Zeybek et al. 1993, Breuss 1990, Moberg 1977). Following identification, the lichens
were deposited in Akdeniz University Herbarium (AKDU).

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 2
Results
The lichen species encountered in Termessos National Park are listed below, together
with locality numbers and substrata. The abbreviations of authors in that list are in
accordance with Brummitt & Powell (1992), and lichen taxa new to Turkey are indicated
by *, and those new to Antalya province by #.
#Acarospora cervina A.Massal., Loc. 36, on calcareous rock
#Acarospora impressula Th.Fr., Loc. 20, on siliceous rock
#Amandinea punctata (Hoffm.) Coppins & Scheid., Loc. 9, on shrubs
Anaptychia ciliaris (L.) Körb., Loc. 2, 4, 2, 53, on Pinus brutia, Quercus coccifera,
Juniperus excelsa
#Anthracocarpon virescens (Zahlbr.) Breuss, Loc. 19, on soil, Det. O. Breuss
Aspicilia calcarea (L.) Mudd, Loc. 4, 6, 8, 11, 45, 50, 52, on calcareous rock
#Aspicilia cinerea (L.) Körb., Loc. 4, 5, 6, 9, 10, 54, on siliceous rock
Aspicilia contorta (Hoffm.) Kremp. subsp. contorta, Loc. 5, 19, 27, 36, on calcareous
rock
Aspicilia contorta subsp. hoffmanniana S.Ekman & Fröberg, Loc. 4, 13, 15, on
calcareous rock
#Aspicilia desertorum (Kremp.) Mereschk., Loc. 36, 43, on calcareous rock
Aspicilia farinosa (Flörke) Motyka, Loc. 8, 12, on calcareous rock
#Aspicilia hispida Mereschk., Loc. 36, 43, on soil
Bacidia rubella (Hoffm.) A.Massal., Loc. 12, 14, on Acer sempervirens, Pinus brutia
Bryoria fuscescens (Gyeln.) Brodo & D.Hawksw., Loc. 23, 46, on Juniperus excelsa
Caloplaca alociza (A.Massal.) Mig., Loc. 4, 5, 15, on calcareous rock
#Caloplaca adriatica (Zahlbr.) Servít, Loc. 15, 17, on calcareous rock, Det. V. John
#Caloplaca atroflava (Turner) Mong., Loc. 4, 6, 14, 18, 49, on siliceous rock
Caloplaca aurantia (Pers.) Hellb., Loc. 7, 12, 41, on calcareous rock
#Caloplaca cerina (Ehrh. ex Hedw.) Th.Fr. var. cerina, Loc. 2, 25, 36, 54, on Pinus
brutia, Quercus coccifera
#Caloplaca cerinelloides (Erichsen) Poelt, Loc. 26, on Pinus brutia
#Caloplaca chrysodeta (Vain. ex Räsänen) Dombr., Loc. 6, 9, 51, on calcareous rock
#Caloplaca citrina (Hoffm.) Th.Fr., Loc. 4, 14, 35, on calcareous rock
#Caloplaca crenulatella (Nyl.) H.Olivier, Loc. 4, 22, on calcareous rock
#Caloplaca dolomiticola (Hue) Zahlbr., Loc. 12, 21, on calcareous rock
#Caloplaca erythrocarpia (Pers.) Zwackh, Loc. 26, 27, on calcareous rock
Caloplaca flavorubescens (Huds.) J.R.Laundon, Loc. 2, 10, 28, on calcareous rock
Caloplaca flavovirescens (Wulfen) Dalla Torre & Sarnth., Loc. 28, on Pinus brutia
#Caloplaca holocarpa (Hoffm.) A.E.Wade, Loc. 5, 10, 15, 23, 36, on calcareous rock,
siliceous rock, Pinus brutia
#Caloplaca lactea (A.Massal.) Zahlbr., Loc. 12, 26, 47, on calcareous rock, siliceous
rock
#Caloplaca variabilis (Pers.) Müll.Arg., Loc. 4, 36, on calcareous rock
Caloplaca xantholyta (Nyl.) Jatta, Loc. 4, 6, 10, 12, 40, on calcareous rock
#Candelariella aurella (Hoffm.) Zahlbr., Loc. 4, 30, 33, on calcareous rock
#Candelariella vitellina (Hoffm.) Müll.Arg., Loc. 5, 15, 36, on siliceous rock

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 3
#Candelariella xanthostigma (Pers. ex Ach.) Lettau, Loc. 2, 25, 36, on Juniperus
excelsa, Quercus coccifera, dead trees
#Catapyrenium daedaleum (Kremp.) Clauzade & Cl.Roux, Loc. 21, on soil, Det. O.
Breuss
#Catillaria nigroclavata (Nyl.) Schuler, Loc. 4, on Quercus coccifera
#Cladonia cervicornis (Ach.) Flot., Loc. 32, on moss, Det. T. Ahti
Cladonia convoluta (Lam.) Cout., Loc. 6, 16, 32, 38, on calcareous rock, soil, moss
#Cladonia fimbriata (L.) Fr., Loc. 4, 8, on dead trees
Cladonia pyxidata (L.) Hoffm. subsp. pyxidata, Loc. 8, on soil
Cladonia rangiformis Hoffm., Loc. 8, on soil
*#Collema conglomeratum Hoffm., Loc. 4, on Pinus brutia
Collema crispum (Huds.) Weber ex F.H.Wigg., Loc. 5, on calcareous rock, Det. P.M.
Jørgensen
Collema cristatum (L.) Weber ex F.H.Wigg. var. cristatum, Loc. 4, 5, 21, on calcareous
rock, soil
Collema cristatum var. marginale (Huds.) Degel., Loc. 5, on soil, Det, P.M. Jørgensen
#Collema furfuraceum (Arnold) Du Rietz, Loc. 12, 14, on Cistus creticus
Collema nigrescens (Huds.) DC., Loc. 4, 6, 14, 30, on Cistus creticus, Quercus
coccifera, Pinus brutia
Collema tenax (Sw.) Ach., Loc. 14, 16, on moss
#Collema undulatum var. granulosum Degel., Loc. 36, on calcareous rock, Det. P.M.
Jørgensen
Degelia plumbea (Lightf.) P.M.Jørg. & P.James, Loc. 14, on Pinus brutia,Det. P.M.
Jørgensen
Dermatocarpon miniatum (L.) W.Mann, Loc. 14, on siliceous rock
#Diploschistes gypsaceus (Ach.) Zahlbr., Loc. 13, on calcareous rock
Diploschistes muscorum (Scop.) R.Sant., Loc. 9, on moss
Diploschistes ocellatus (Vill.) Norman, Loc. 1, 7, 8, 39, 43, on calcareous rock
Diploschistes scruposus (Schreb.) Norman, Loc. 4, on siliceous rock
Diplotomma alboatrum (Hoffm.) Flot., Loc. 2, 4, 36, 14, 15, on different trees and
shrubs
Evernia prunastri (L.) Ach., Loc. 4, 10, 46, on different trees and shrubs
#Farnoldia jurana (Schaer.) Hertel, Loc. 15, 21, on calcareous rock
#Fulgensia fulgens (Sw.) Elenkin, Loc. 11, 13, 14, 42, 52 on calcareous rock, moss,
soil
#Hypocenomyce anthracophila (Nyl.) P.James & Gotth.Schneid., Loc. 23, on Acer
sempervirens
#Hypocenomyce scalaris (Ach. ex Lilj.) M.Choisy, Loc. 9, 21, on Pinus brutia
Hypogymnia tubulosa (Schaer.) Hav., Loc. 21, 22, 36, on Pinus brutia
#Lecania cyrtella (Ach.) Th.Fr., Loc. 2, on Cupressus sempervirens
Lecania fuscella (Schaer.) Körb., Loc. 2, on Cupressus sempervirens
*#Lecania inundata (Hepp ex Körb.) M.Mayrhofer, Loc. 10, 17, on calcareous rock
Lecanora bolcana (Pollini) Poelt, Loc. 4, 11, on siliceous rock
#Lecanora chlarotera Nyl., Loc. 2, 4, 10, on Pinus brutia, Acer sempervirens, Juniperus
excelsa
#Lecanora dispersa (Pers.) Sommerf., Loc. 4, 27, 36, on calcareous rock

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 4
Lecanora expallens Ach., Loc. 5, 6, 9, on Pinus brutia
Lecanora muralis (Schreb.) Rabenh., Loc. 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 32, on calcareous rock,
siliceous rock
#Lecanora saligna (Schrad.) Zahlbr., Loc. 15, 32, 36, on Pinus brutia
#Lecidea fuscoatra (L.) Ach., Loc. 18, on siliceous rock, Det. V. John
#Lecidella carpathica Körb., Loc. 4, 5, on siliceous rock
Lecidella elaeochroma (Ach.) M.Choisy, Loc. 3, 10, 14, 15, 21, on various trees and
shrubs
#Lecidella stigmatea (Ach.) Hertel & Leuckert, Loc. 5, 18, on calcareous rock, siliceous
rock
#Lepraria incana (L.) Ach., Loc. 6, 9, on calcareous rock, soil
Lepraria nivalis J.R.Laundon, Loc. 10, on calcareous rock, moss
Leptochidium albociliatum (Desm.) M.Choisy, Loc. 4, on Pinus brutia, Det. P.M.
Jørgensen
Leptogium corniculatum (Hoffm.) Minks, Loc. 4, 10, 15, 20, on Pinus brutia, moss
Leptogium gelatinosum (With.) J.R.Laundon, Loc. 4, 5, 12, 14, 18, 27, on calcareous
rock, moss, soil
*#Leptogium furfuraceum (Harm.) Sierk, Loc. 25, on Quercus coccifera,Det. P.M.
Jørgensen
Letharia vulpina (L.) Hue, Loc. 23, 36, on Pinus brutia
Lobothallia radiosa (Hoffm.) Hafellner, Loc. 4, 6, 15, 19, 32, 48, on calcareous rock,
siliceous rock
#Megaspora verrucosa (Ach.) Hafellner & V.Wirth, Loc. 15, 21, 22, on Juniperus
excelsa, moss
#Melanelia exasperata (De Not.) Essl., Loc. 22, on Pinus brutia
Melanelia glabra (Schaer.) Essl., Loc. 2, 3, 12, 34, on Pinus brutia
Mycobilimbia lurida (Ach.) Hafellner & Türk, Loc. 8, 13, on soil, Det. O. Breuss
#Mycocalicium subtile (Pers.) Szatala, Loc. 2, on Juniperus excelsa
#Neocatapyrenium rhizinosum (Müll.Arg.) Breuss, Loc. 6, on soil, Det. O. Breuss
#Neofuscelia pulla (Ach.) Essl., Loc. 4, 5, 6, 7, 32, 42, 53, on siliceous rock
Ochrolechia pallescens (L.) A.Massal., Loc. 2, 4, 10, 14, 21, on Pinus brutia
#Opegrapha rupestris Pers., Loc. 15, on calcareous rock, Det. BJ. Coppins
Parmelia saxatilis (L.) Ach., Loc. 21, 36, on Pinus brutia
#Parmelina carporrhizans (Taylor) Poelt & Vězda, Loc. 2, 4, 5, 11, on Pinus brutia,
Juniperus excelsa
Parmelina tiliacea (Hoffm.) Hale, Loc. 2, 4, 6, 9, 20, on Pinus brutia, Juniperus
oxycedrus subsp. oxycedrus
#Peltigera canina (L.) Willd., Loc. 4, 14, 21, 28, on soil
*#Peltigera monticola Vitik., Loc. 12, 20, 28, on moss, Det. O. Vitikainen
#Peltigera neckeri Hepp, Loc. 4, 14, 28, on moss
Pertusaria albescens (Huds.) M.Choisy & Werner, Loc. 2, 4, 9, 12, 14, 15, 18, on
calcareous rock, Pinus brutia
Pertusaria hymenea (Ach.) Schaer., Loc. 4, 10, 16, on Pinus brutia
#Pertusaria leioplaca DC., Loc. 4, 10, 11, 14, on Pinus brutia
Pertusaria pertusa (Weigel) Tuck., Loc. 2, 10, 50, 51, on Pinus brutia
Phaeophyscia ciliata (Hoffm.) Moberg, Loc. 4, on Quercus coccifera

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 5
#Phaeophyscia orbicularis (Neck.) Moberg, Loc. 20, 25, on Pinus brutia, Quercus
coccifera
#Phlyctis agelaea (Ach.) Flot., Loc. 4, on Pinus brutia
Phlyctis argena (Spreng.) Flot., Loc. 4, on Pinus brutia
Physcia adscendens (Th.Fr.) H.Olivier, Loc. 2, 37, on Quercus coccifera, Phlomis
grandiflora
Physcia aipolia (Ehrh. ex Humb.) Fürnr., Loc. 2, 4, 14, on Phlomis grandiflora, Quercus
coccifera, Pinus brutia
Physcia semipinnata (J.F.Gmel.) Moberg, Loc. 2, 4, 10, 36 on Pinus brutia
#Physcia stellaris (L.) Nyl., Loc. 6, 10, on Pinus brutia
Physconia distorta (With.) J.R.Laundon, Loc. 2, 3, 9, 11, 12, 34, 44, on Quercus
coccifera, Pinus brutia, Phlomis grandiflora, Pinus nigra
#Physconia grisea (Lam.) Poelt, Loc. 9, 11, 15, on Pinus brutia, Juniperus excelsa,
Quercus coccifera
#Physconia muscigena (Ach.) Poelt, Loc. 20, on moss
Physconia perisidiosa (Erichsen) Moberg, Loc. 6, 9, on Pinus brutia
*#Physconia servitii (Nádv.) Poelt, Loc. 9, on Juniperus excelsa, Det. R. Moberg
#Placidium pilosellum (Breuss) Breuss, Loc. 13, on soil
Placidium squamulosum (Ach.) Breuss, Loc. 6, 35, 36, on soil
Placynthium nigrum (Huds.) Gray, Loc. 4, 5, 6, 14, 19, on calcareous rock
Platismatia glauca (L.) W.L.Culb. & C.F.Culb., Loc. 22, 23, 36, on Pinus brutia
Placolecis opaca (Fr.) Hafellner, Loc. 8, 15, 18, on calcareous rock, Det. V. John
#Pleurosticta acetabulum (Neck.) Elix & Lumbsch, Loc. 4, 12, 21, 36, on Pinus
brutia
#Polysporina simplex (Davies) Vězda, Loc. 9, on calcareous rock
#Porpidia macrocarpa (DC.) Hertel & A.J.Schwab, Loc. 20, on siliceous rock
#Porpidia musiva (Körb.) Hertel & Knoph, Loc. 6, on siliceous rock
#Protoblastenia incrustans (DC.) J.Steiner, Loc. 18, on calcareous rock
#Pseudevernia furfuracea var. ceratea (Ach.) D.Hawksw., Loc. 21, 23, 36, on Pinus
brutia
Psora decipiens (Hedw.) Hoffm., Loc. 6, 11, 21, 41, 49, on soil
#Ramalina farinacea (L.) Ach., Loc. 4, 10, 44, on Pinus brutia
Ramalina fastigiata (Pers.) Ach., Loc. 4, 12, on Pinus brutia
Ramalina fraxinea (L.) Ach., Loc. 4, 10, 14, 21, on Pinus brutia
#Rhizocarpon geminatum Körb., Loc. 4, on siliceous rock
#Rhizocarpon geographicum (L.) DC., Loc. 4, 18, on siliceous rock
#Rhizocarpon reductum Th. Fr., Loc. 20, on siliceous rock
#Rinodina bischoffii (Hepp) A.Massal., Loc. 4, 36, on calcareous rock
#Rinodina capensis Hampe, Loc. 4, on Pinus brutia
#Rinodina dubyana (Hepp) J.Steiner, Loc. 4, on calcareous rock, Det. H. Mayrhofer
#Rinodina trachytica (A.Massal.) Bagl. & Carestia, Loc. 5, on siliceous rock, Det. H.
Mayrhofer
Sarcogyne regularis Körb., Loc. 1, on calcareous rock
Solenopsora candicans (Dicks.) J.Steiner, Loc. 37, on calcareous rock
Solenopsora liparina (Nyl.) Zahlbr., Loc. 7, 15, 37, on calcareous rock

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 6
Squamarina cartilaginea (With.) P.James, Loc. 6, 7, 9, 10, 43, on calcareous rock, on
moss
Staurolemma omphalarioides (Anzi) M.Jørg. & Henssen, Loc. 4, on Pinus brutia, Det.
P.M. Jørgensen
#Staurothele hymenogonia (Nyl.) Th.Fr., Loc. 13, on calcareous rock
#Tephromela atra (Huds.) Hafellner, Loc. 10, 20, on calcareous rock, siliceous rock
#Thyrea confusa Henssen, Loc. 13, on calcareous rock
Toninia candida (Weber) Th.Fr., Loc. 18, 19, on soil
Toninia cinereovirens (Schaer.) A.Massal., Loc. 9, 19, on moss
#Toninia diffracta (A.Massal.) Zahlbr., Loc. 6, 10, on soil
Toninia physaroides (Opiz) Zahlbr., Loc. 12, on soil
Toninia sedifolia (Scop.) Timdal, Loc. 6, 12, on calcareous rock, soil
Verrucaria fuscella (Turner) Winch, Loc. 32, on calcareous rock, Det. A. Orange
#Verrucaria lecideoides (A.Massal.) Trevis., Loc. 36, on calcareous rock
Verrucaria macrostoma Dufour ex DC., Loc. 13, on calcareous rock, Det. A. Orange
Verrucaria marmorea (Scop.) Arnold, Loc. 7, 8, 15, 17, on calcareous rock
Verrucaria muralis Ach., Loc. 5, 8, 17, on calcareous rock
Verrucaria nigrescens Pers., Loc. 13, on calcareous rock, Det. A. Orange
#Xanthoparmelia somloënsis (Gyeln.) Hale, Loc. 5, on siliceous rock
#Xanthoparmelia tinctina (Maheu & A.Gillet) Hale, Loc. 6, 32, on siliceous rock
#Xanthoria calcicola Oksner, Loc. 10, on calcareous rock
#Xanthoria elegans (Link) Th.Fr., Loc. 20, on siliceous rock
#Xanthoria parietina (L.) Th.Fr., Loc. 2, 4, 10, 36, on Phlomis grandiflora, Populus
alba, Quercus coccifera, Pinus brutia
Discussion
This study reports 161 taxa from Termessos National Park, of which Collema
conglomeratum, Lecania inundata, Leptogium furfuraceum, Peltigera monticola and
Physconia servitii are new to Turkey and 86 are new to Antalya province. Although
the lichen flora of the Mediterranean region of Turkey is reasonably well studied, it is
quite remarkable to find still so many new lichen records for the region as well as some
new to the country, emphasizing that much more explorative effort should be made on
its lichen flora.
In the study area, in addition to common lichen species for the Mediterranean
Region, such as Lecanora bolcana and Diploschistes ocellatus, we determined “manna”
lichens, such as Aspicilia desertorum and A. hispida, that usually grow in steppes,
suboceanic species such as Degelia plumbea and Staurolemma omphalarioides, and
oceanic species, such as Collema furfuraceum and C. nigrescens. Although the study
area is relatively small (ca. 6702 ha), the wide variation in its topology, formed by high
mountains, valleys and a deep canyon, evidently provides habitats for a rich lichen
biodiversity.
Calcareous species are dominant due to the widespread occurrence of calcareous
rocks throughout the study area, and because of the frequency of trees with acidic
bark, such as Pinus nigra and Quercus coccifera, most of the epiphytic species are
acidophytic.

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 7
Of particular note are Anthracocarpon virescens, Caloplaca adriatica,
Hypocenomyce anthracophila, Neocatapyrenium rhizinosum, Pertusaria hymenea,
Placidium pilosellum, Solenopsora liparina and Staurolemma omphalarioides for
which there are only one or two records from Turkey (Pisut 1970; Breuss 1998; Nimis
& John 1998; John et al. 2000; John 1996, 2003; Breuss & John 2004).
On the ruins of the ancient city of Termessos, not only species with a wide
ecological amplitude, such as Aspicilia calcarea, Caloplaca aurantia, Lecanora muralis,
Lobothallia radiosa, Placynthium nigrum and Xanthoria elegans were found, but also
species mainly found in the Boreal-Mediterranean region and between the south of
Central Europe and the Mediterranean Region such as Aspicilia farinosa, Caloplaca
chrysodeta, C. xantholyta, Collema cristatum, Diploschistes ocellatus, Lepraria nivalis,
Solenopsora candicans and Solenopsora liparina (Wirth 1995). Because the ancient
city was built from local stones, the species on the ruins are similar to the lichen flora
found elsewhere in the study area
Acknowledgements


 


           
           
          



Literature Cited



   Catapyrenium     
         

             


            



              Xanthoparmelia
 Parmeliaceae
           
           

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 8
       








 









Pisut, I. 1970. 



Hypogymnia 

Hypogymnia 


Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 9
Figure 1: Map of Termessos National Park

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 10
No Localities Altitudes Coordinates Dates
1.
Güllük Mountain, Gavuryolu
Locality, road to Termessos Ancient
City
440 m 37˚ 00.986ʼ N
30˚ 29.980ʼ E 09.03.2002
2. Güllük Mountain, Termessos
Ancient City 1045 m 36˚ 58.969ʼ N
30˚ 27.816ʼ E 09.03.2002
3.
Güllük Mountain, Termessos
Ancient City, 50 m north of the
Family Graveyard
970 m 36˚ 59.212ʼ N
30˚ 27.891ʼ E 09.03.2002
4. Güllük Mountain, Termessos
Ancient City, mergin of car park 905 m 36˚ 59.289ʼ N
30˚ 28.080ʼ E 16.03.2002
5. Güllük Mountain, valley 1 km from
museum of Termessos National Park 452 m 37˚ 00.849ʼ N
30˚ 30.182ʼ E 06.04.2002
6. 500 m behind museum of Termessos
National Park, stabilized road 450 m 37˚ 00.692ʼ N
30˚ 30.260ʼ E 04.05.2002
7. Hill 700 m behind museum of
Termessos National Park 490 m 37˚ 00.835ʼ N
30˚ 30.171ʼ E 04.05.2002
8. Hill south of the old entrance of
Termessos National Park 357 m 37˚ 00.988ʼ N
30˚ 31.420ʼ E 04.05.2002
9. North slope of Güllük Mountain. 475 m 37˚ 00.698ʼ N
30˚ 27.524ʼ E 04.05.2002
10. Güllük Mountain, North slope of
Top Hill 985 m 36˚ 58.975ʼ N
30˚ 27.944ʼ E 25.05.2002
11. Güllük Mountain, Kayrak Fire
Watching Tower 1145 m 36˚ 58.716ʼ N
30˚ 27.524ʼ E 25.05.2002
12. Güllük Mountain, Atbaşı Hill 1152 m 36˚ 58.960ʼ N
30˚ 27.378ʼ E 25.05.2002
13. 2,6 km west of Fish Restaurant,
South of Mecine Canyon 254 m 36˚ 58.126ʼ N
30˚ 29.428ʼ E 06.09.2002
14. Güllük Mountain, footpath from car
park to Ancient City 965 m 36˚ 59.113ʼ N
30˚ 27.920ʼ E 09.09.2002
15. Top of Keldağ Hill 640 m 37˚ 01.235ʼ N
30˚ 30.535ʼ E 15.09.2002
16. North slope of Keldağ Hill 580 m 37˚ 01.410ʼ N
30˚ 30.590ʼ E 15.09.2002
17. Mecine Canyon, Altkırkkavak
Locality 308 m 36˚ 58.175ʼ N
30˚ 27.989ʼ E 21.09.2002
18. Mecine Canyon, 1 km north of Bük
Locality 375 m 36˚ 58.210ʼ N
30˚ 27.453ʼ E 21.09.2002
19. Bük Locality, North of Mecine
Strait Brook 430 m 36˚ 58.230ʼ N
30˚ 26.987ʼ E 21.09.2002
20. Valley between Kocadağ and Katran
Mountains 1211 m 36˚ 55.912ʼ N
30˚ 27.769ʼ E 05.10.2002
21. Southwest slope of Kocadağ
Mountain 1285 m 36˚ 55.952ʼ N
30˚ 27.585ʼ E 05.10.2002
Table 1: The 54 localities, their altitudes, coordinates and collecting date.

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 11
No Localities Altitudes Coordinates Dates
22. South slope of Kocadağ Mountain 1316 m 36˚ 56.060ʼ N
30˚ 27.585ʼ E 05.10.2002
23. Southeast slope of Kocadağ
Mountain 1360 m 36˚ 56.142ʼ N
30˚ 27.645ʼ E 05.10.2002
24. West slope of Keldağ Hill 404 m 37˚ 01.408ʼ N
30˚ 29.954ʼ E 26.10.2002
25. Olive garden on west slope of
Keldağ Hill 393 m 37˚ 01.253ʼ N
30˚ 29.822ʼ E 26.10.2002
26. West of Yeniceboğazı Brook 380 m 37˚ 01.193ʼ N
30˚ 29.753ʼ E 26.10.2002
27. East of Çevriktaş Hill 650 m 37˚ 00.059ʼ N
30˚ 26.879ʼ E 26.10.2002
28.
Old road to Korkuteli, 500 m before
entrance of Bük Research Forest
stabilized road
600 m 36˚ 59.668ʼ N
30˚ 27.365ʼ E 26.10.2002
29.
Old road to Korkuteli, 2 km before
entrance of Bük Research Forest
stabilized road
610 m 36˚ 59.684ʼ N
30˚ 28.098ʼ E 26.10.2002
30. South of Yenice Fountain 580 m 36˚ 59.935ʼ N
30˚ 28.016ʼ E 26.10.2002
31. 1 km north of Yenice Fountain,
Pinus brutia forest 560 m 37˚ 00.419ʼ N
30˚ 28.465ʼ E 26.10.2002
32. South slope of Çatalca Hill 415 m 37˚ 01.081ʼ N
30˚ 29.220ʼ E 26.10.2002
33.
Güllük Mountain, road to Bük
Research Forest, 500 m south of old
road of Korkuteli
696 m 36˚ 59.382ʼ N
30˚ 27.110ʼ E 26.10.2002
34.
Güllük Mountain, road to Bük
Research Forest, 1600 m south of
old road of Korkuteli
657 m 36˚ 58.844ʼ N
30˚ 26.929ʼ E 26.10.2002
35.
Güllük Mountain, road to Bük
Research Forest, 3 km 350 m south
of old road of Korkuteli
546 m 36˚ 58.456ʼ N
30˚ 27.638ʼ E 26.10.2002
36. Kocadağ Mountain, Top of Eren Hill 1665 m 36˚ 56.671ʼ N
30˚ 27.638ʼ E 02.11.2002
37.
Güllük Mountain, Gavuryolu
Locality, side of road to Termessos
Ancient City
593 m 37˚ 00.374ʼ N
30˚ 29.311ʼ E 07.06.2003
38. South slopes of Katıryolu Hill 750 m 37˚ 02.154ʼ N
30˚ 30.677ʼ E 14.06.2003
39. Top of Katıryolu Hill 1211 m 37˚ 02.304ʼ N
30˚ 30.730ʼ E 14.06.2003
40. West of Burhanboğazı Brook 350 m 37˚ 02.148ʼ N
30˚ 29.847ʼ E 21.06.2003
Table 1, continued

Tufan & al. 2006: Turkish Lichens 12
No Localities Altitudes Coordinates Dates
41. Southeast slopes of Çatal Tepe Hill 855 m 37˚ 01.650ʼ N
30˚ 29.549ʼ E 21.06.2003
42. Valley between Keldağ and Kocadağ
Mountain 1050 m 36˚ 57.001ʼ N
30˚ 27.405ʼ E 28.06.2003
43. Top of Keldağ Mountain 1360 m 36˚ 57.271ʼ N
30˚ 27.270ʼ E 28.06.2003
44. East slopes of Kocadağ Mountain 580 m 36˚ 57.282ʼ N
30˚ 29.138ʼ E 29.06.2003
45. East slopes of Kocadağ Mountain 894 m 37˚ 01.195ʼ N
30˚ 28.830ʼ E 29.06.2003
46. East slopes of Kocadağ Mountain 1486 m 36˚ 56.974ʼ N
30˚ 28.229ʼ E 29.06.2003
47. Güllük Mountain, East slopes of
Sağkaya Hill 424 m 37˚ 00,582ʼ N
30˚ 31,020ʼ E 06.09.2003
48. Güllük Mountain, top of Sağkaya
Hill 765 m 37˚ 00.578ʼ N
30˚ 30.981ʼ E 06.09.2003
49. Güllük Mountain, East slopes of
Altıkasar Hill 386 m 36˚ 58.892ʼ N
30˚ 30.996ʼ E 06.09.2003
50. Top of İçerikoyarası Hill 463 m 36˚ 58.720ʼ N
30˚ 30.180ʼ E 13.09.2003
51. South of Kocaharmancık Hill 472 m 36˚ 58.720ʼ N
30˚ 30.209ʼ E 13.09.2003
52. Top of Akkaya Hill 705 m 36˚ 58.738ʼ N
30˚ 30.676ʼ E 13.09.2003
53.
Güllük Mountain, Kapıkaya
Locality, road to Termessos Ancient
City
403 m 37˚ 00.696ʼ N
30˚ 29.751ʼ E 21.09.2003
54. North slopes of Güllük Mountain 861 m 36˚ 59.935ʼ N
30˚ 29.793ʼ E 21.09.2003
Table 1, concluded