Ankylosing spondylitis is an entity within spondylarthropathies, Physiotherapy is included in a complex programme of therapy and rehabilitation defining subjects of prevention, cure and rehabilitation for intervention. At present an onset of therapy adequate to findings appears to be of practical indeed. Subjects of physiotherapy are alleviating pain, treating muscles and affecting articulation. Apart form classical methods of physiotherapy, such as special concepts and remedial gymnastics, manual therapy, medicomechanics, ergotherapy and apparatus procedures, differentiated sports therapy is of great importance. It depends on comprehensive diagnostics of function and capacity. Methods of therapy used are training of coordination, endurance, strength and endurance of strength. Occupational therapy is a function oriented therapy to achieve as much independence in everyday life as possible. Available methods are training of function, self-help, providing aids, caps for joints, occupational therapy and endurance test, distracting exercises and neuropsychological training. The physical therapy of ankylosing spondylitis has three levels of access: treatment of dysfunctions in articular biomechanics and sensorimotor control, treatment of primary and secondary inflammatory changes, and the resulting disorders in the locomotor system. Structural damage in terms of the ICD requires a curative approach for therapy. Consequences of a disease as changes in activity and participation are recorded by assessments in terms of the ICF.