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Identifying sources of uncertainty to generate supply chain redesign strategies
... As well, it is noticed that scanty work had been showed on quality of food products supply chain (Mahajan et al., 2017). The food supply chain quality is tremendously complicated due to the extreme ambiguity in demand as well as price, perishability, vaster user immersion for security of foodstuffs, and dependence on the environmental condition (Van der Vorst and Beulens, 2002). Moreover, Darkow et al. (2015) analysed the supply chains in multifaceted and unstable business or commercial environs, wherever the sustainability requisites of customers in addition to legislation are growing. ...
... The AFSCQ is exceedingly convoluted due to the lesser shelf life, higher amount of uncertainty during demand in addition to the cost (Van der Vorst and Beulens, 2002;Siddh et al. 2018b). Mangla et al. (2018) also concerned the concepts of sustainability in terms of food quality as well as safety. ...
... As well, it is noticed that scanty work had been showed on quality of food products supply chain (Mahajan et al., 2017). The food supply chain quality is tremendously complicated due to the extreme ambiguity in demand as well as price, perishability, vaster user immersion for security of foodstuffs, and dependence on the environmental condition (Van der Vorst and Beulens, 2002). Moreover, Darkow et al. (2015) analysed the supply chains in multifaceted and unstable business or commercial environs, wherever the sustainability requisites of customers in addition to legislation are growing. ...
... The AFSCQ is exceedingly convoluted due to the lesser shelf life, higher amount of uncertainty during demand in addition to the cost (Van der Vorst and Beulens, 2002;Siddh et al. 2018b). Mangla et al. (2018) also concerned the concepts of sustainability in terms of food quality as well as safety. ...
... At the time of planning the data collection, media coverage indicated severe effects for many companies, and the study was designed to explore the effects of the disruption. An interview guide was developed drawing on (a) Macdonald and Corsi (2013) for themes, (b) Blackhurst et al. (2005) for effects, discovery and opportunities for improvement, (c) Tang (2006), Van Der Vorst and Beulens (2002) and Lam and Su (2015) for measures, and (d) Van Der Vorst and Beulens (2002) for the underlying problem. While quite broad, five areas were in focus: effects of the disruption, actions taken, the underlying problem, lessons learnt and the context of the company interviewed. ...
... At the time of planning the data collection, media coverage indicated severe effects for many companies, and the study was designed to explore the effects of the disruption. An interview guide was developed drawing on (a) Macdonald and Corsi (2013) for themes, (b) Blackhurst et al. (2005) for effects, discovery and opportunities for improvement, (c) Tang (2006), Van Der Vorst and Beulens (2002) and Lam and Su (2015) for measures, and (d) Van Der Vorst and Beulens (2002) for the underlying problem. While quite broad, five areas were in focus: effects of the disruption, actions taken, the underlying problem, lessons learnt and the context of the company interviewed. ...
Purpose
There can be many negative effects from a disruption in a central node of companies' supply chains, such as a port conflict that reduces capacity. Strategies for disruption management include flexibility and redundancy. This paper aims to analyse a supply chain disruption from flexibility and capacity perspectives.
Design/methodology/approach
A case study was conducted of the supply chain disruption caused by the port conflict in 2016–2017 in Gothenburg, in which the port operated at a reduced capacity. Companies importing and exporting goods, freight forwarders, hauliers, train operators, ports, shipping companies and their agents were interviewed.
Findings
Various capacity problems (ports, links, container chassis, empty containers) were encountered due to the port conflict. Flexibility measures such as node, mode and fleet flexibility can be used in response to changes in capacity. Difficulties with applying flexibility are discussed.
Research limitations/implications
Although based on a Swedish case, findings are relevant for disruptions or other types of disturbances in ports elsewhere and also in other important nodes in companies' supply chains.
Practical implications
Actors influenced by disturbances in a port can increase their understanding of potential capacity problems and flexibility measures. Readiness and timely action are important due to competition regarding capacity.
Originality/value
The implications on the transport network surrounding a port, including many actors, are explained, illustrating how capacity problems propagate, but there is some flexibility to manage the problems.
... It is noteworthy that the dynamics of the operations extended to supply chains. Some researchers such as Van Der Vorst and Beulens, (2002), have suggested some requirements for decreasing the complexity, uncertainty and heterogeneity in the business environments (Xu et al., 2003). ...
... It consists of a set of coordination mechanisms including verbal contact, written contract, spot market contract, horizontal integration, vertical integration that allow supply chain actors to cooperate and minimize opportunistic behavior (Williamson, 1985;Gereffi et al., 2005;Raynaud et al., 2005;Zhang and Aramyan, 2009;Wever et al., 2010). Food supply chain governance increases competition among actors, mitigates conflict, promotes cooperation among actors, and streamlines the supply chain by getting rid of superfluous or unnecessary activities and specifies the roles of the actors, thereby improving product quality and minimizing cheating in the supply chain (Williamson, 1999;Vorst and Beulens, 2002;Adger et al., 2003;Vurro et al., 2010;Vlajic et al., 2012;Lumineau and Henderson, 2012;Rota et al., 2013). ...
This study examined farmers' perceived governance structure including contracting and power relations, and actors' constraints in the pig supply chain. A multi-stage sampling procedure was used to obtain cross sectional data from producers, collectors and processors. The empirical results revealed that contractual relationships between farmers and other actors are uncommon in the pig supply chain, with only 9.9% of the farmers and 12.5% of processors having verbal contracts with other actors in the supply chain. The two most constraining factors of the producers, collectors and processors were the high cost of inputs and poor access to credit. Overall, the producers are perceived to rank highest in terms of bargaining power and information concentration, while collectors and input suppliers have the highest influence on profit and protection from competition. The role of producers' speculation of the market power and training on contracting are critical to enhancing their performance in the pig supply chain.
... The cold supply chain associated with fruits and vegetables (F&V) is more intricate than other supply chains. This complexity arises from factors such as the perishable nature of the products, significant fluctuations in demand and prices, growing consumer emphasis on food safety and quality, [14], and, notably, its reliance on climate conditions, [15]. ...
The main objective of this research study was to determine the effect of cold storage investments on market developments of agriculture products in Albania. The study also examined how the increase in cold storage capacity and the loss reduction because of these investments would stimulate the increase in production and sales of agricultural products. The required data were gathered mainly from primary but also from some secondary sources through surveys and semi-structured interviews. The data gathered through the survey were processed and analyzed. There will be a summary of the respective findings regarding the profile of surveyed entrepreneurs, their investment trend in cold storage facilities, cold storage capacities, loss reduction due to increasing refrigerator rooms, their business activity, sectors involved, market segmentation, strategies, and other developments. We tested the research hypotheses using techniques like the Multiple Linear Regression method. The findings revealed, among other things, a significant positive relationship between sales of agricultural products and investments in cold storage capacities. It’s been statistically evidenced that such variables as Investments, Capacity, and Loss Reduction of Cold Storage are important in increasing Sales of Agriculture Products. Regarding the research findings, the authors recommended increasing investments in refrigerator rooms as it will make it possible to extend agricultural product consumption time. It is vital for agriculture enterprises focused on fruits and vegetables to have a scope of better understanding of these investments and their impact on the market drivers. By knowing better this component, these farmers and entrepreneurs will increase their investments in cold storage capacity, resulting in an extended product consumption time, and as a consequence expanding their internal and external markets in case of exporting. These findings are really important for the agriculture entrepreneurs, but more important for the governmental agencies, because this evidenced relationship will serve as a formula to drive different incentives and support schemas in cold storage investments, generating more contribution from the agriculture sector in the country’s GDP.
... In short, a firm's response to a crisis or an opportunity depends on its strengths and weaknesses along with the strategic choices of its manager, which at times intensify the complexities in the decision-making process [20]. At the same time, such challenges demand managers to think out of the box with a focus on dealing with exceptional workplace threats rather than just keep doing day-to-day business [21]. ...
The increasing globalization of the world is bringing forward the research
agenda that could help the top management to effectively deal with the more diverse
workforce. Diversity brings potential competitive advantage and, at the same time,
impedes challenges to equality and inclusion; however, its benefits are not ignorable.
Therefore, a committed top management that is equipped enough to deal with a more
diverse workforce in alignment with human resource management is a way forward
to face the upcoming challenges that range from recruitment, retention, and performance management to downsizing in tomorrow’s workplace. This chapter covers the
topic through the following two lenses: What does top management need to carry
forward to deal with the upcoming challenges? What do human resource managers need to do in attracting, retaining, and developing a diverse workforce? We will
continue through in-depth, open-ended interviews with 14-panel experts to dig down
the topic and, thus, refine a roadmap to accomplish organizational goals.
... Both developed and emerging nations have been the subject of research on fruit and vegetable supply chains for example, Maertens et al., (2012); investigated how globalization has affected agri-new produce supply chains in emerging countries. On the other hand, in economically developed countries, Fearne and Hughes, (1999); Broeck and Maertens, (2016); Vorst and Beulens (2001); and led examinations on fruit and vegetable supply chains. Furthermore, there is evidence of supply chain studies specifically focusing on fruits and vegetables in developing countries, with research conducted by Sagheer et al., 2009;and Joshi et al., 2009;in the Indian context, and Samarasinghe et al., 2021; in Sri Lankan context. ...
The horticulture industry has gained significant attention at the National and International levels due to its vital role in achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) and increasing farmers' income. Despite this, the sector faces challenges like climate change, disruptions, and insufficient supply chain infrastructure, posing risks to sustainable horticultural production. This study aims to bridge the knowledge gaps related to technology usage in sustainable horticulture, particularly among smallholder farmers in the Uttarakhand Hills region of India. The study focuses on the differences in adopting digital technology between large and small farmers and highlights the importance of sustainable solutions that cover the entire farming cycle. The research explores the potential of digital technology in tackling key challenges faced by smallholding farmers, including income generation, supply chain efficiency, and post-harvest losses. The study carried out primary research in a small Himalayan fruit orchard located in Mukteshwar, Nainital District, Uttarakhand, India. The case study highlights the positive influence of digital technologies on the lives of small farmers residing in hilly regions. The methodology of research findings is based on practical implementation and fieldwork observations and concludes with recommendations for income generation, supply chain improvement, and the establishment of a digital ecosystem tailored for smallholding farmers. These insights provide a valuable foundation for future research endeavors in the domain of sustainable horticultural production and further will be helpful to achieve the targets of SDGs.
... should be viewed as an environmental supply chain uncertainty (Velayutham et al. 2021). The definition of supply chain uncertainty by Vorst & Beulens (2002) is situations in the supply chain where the decision maker does not know what to decide as they are unclear about the objectives; lacks information about (or understanding of) the supply-chain or its environment; lacks information processing capacities; is unable to accurately predict the impact of possible control actions on supply-chain behaviour; or lacks effective control actions (noncontrollability) (Vorst & Beulens 2002, p. 413). Uncertainty occurs when decision makers cannot estimate the outcome of an event or the probability of its occurrence (Sanchez-Rodrigues et al. 2008). ...
... The SCM of Fruits and Vegetables constitutes the processes from production to delivery of the fresh produce, i.e., from the farmer to the customer and is complex as compared to other supply chains due to the perishable nature of the produce, high fluctuations in demand and prices, increasing consumer concerns for food safety and quality (Vorst and Beulens, 2002), and dependence on climate conditions (Salin, 1998). Because of their perishable nature, these commodities require proper cold chain management throughout the chain to keep the quality and freshness of the fresh produce. ...
The book “Emerging trends in fruit production innovations and future directions”, is an effort to compile latest efforts in the field of fruit production throughout the nation. According to 3rd Advance Estimate (2018-19) by the National Horticulture
Board, the total area under Fruits is 6.64 Million hectares with a production of 98.57 Million Tonnes. The book deals in canopy architecture management in fruit crops, climate and environmental factors in fruit production and sustainable soil management for fruit orchards. The book has been designed in such a manner
so as to include works done in precision Horticulture and digital technologies in fruit crop improvement and use of new generation PGR’s in fruit production. It also contains information about organic and biodynamic fruit production systems. intellectual property rights and commercialization of fruit varieties have also been
included in the book.
Micro-propagation in fruit crops is one of the latest trends in fruit production. Role of pollinators and pollinizers for fruit production along with fruit thinning techniques for enhanced crop load management are the major highlights of the book. Advanced techniques for fruit set enhancement, future directions and emerging technologies in fruit breeding, breeding for abiotic stress tolerance in fruit trees have also been covered thoroughly in the content of the book. Polyploidy and its applications in fruit breeding, quality traits and flavour improvement in fruit breeding, preharvest factors influencing postharvest fruit quality, innovative packaging technologies for extended shelf life of fruits, cold chain management: post-harvest cooling, storage and transportation of harvested commodities is also included.
Value addition and enhancement of shelf life is a major concern in fruit Crops. In the concluding chapter of the book, value added products and utilization of fruit crops have been discussed in detail. I hope that the book is helpful to the students, teachers and researchers working in the field of fruit production and becomes building block in the improvement of fruit production technology.
... Ellram et al. (2004) Le SCM est le management de l'information, des processus, des biens et des fonds du premier fournisseur au client ultime, y compris la cession. Van der Vorst et Beulens (2002) Le SCM est la planification, la coordination et le contrôle intégrés de tous les business process et activités de la supply chain afin de fournir une valeur supérieure au consommateur à un coût minimal au consommateur final, tout en satisfaisant les exigences des autres parties prenantes. ...
Purpose – The firm’s supply chain agility concept (FSCA) has been identified as one of the most important issues in the supply chain management (SCM) literature. However, despite the popularity of the concept, many concept attributes are largely unexplored. The mediating role of the operational capabilities, in particular the firm’s supply chain responsiveness (FSCR), in the link between the FSCA and the improvement of the firm’s supply chain performance (FSCP), is a field that is lacking in research. This research aims to deepen the theory by addressing this gap in the FSCA literature.
Design/Methodology/Approach – Data for this study were obtained from a field survey. An online questionnaire containing items measuring the constructs of interest was developed. The theoretical model was evaluated using structural equation modeling.
Findings – The results indicate that the FSCA has an indirect and positive impact on the FSCP in the presence of the FSCR. Also, the results provide empirical evidence of a total mediation of FSCR in the link between FSCA-FSCP in an uncertain environment.
Research limitations – Among the limitations, this study used perceptual evaluations of managers for the FSCA, FSCR and FSCP concepts. For this purpose, future work may attempt to merge the objective data in order to validate the results.
Practical implications – This study demonstrates why careful consideration should be made when deciding what dynamic capabilities should be developed and, therefore, what operational capabilities will be generated or renewed. Companies that successfully build this relationship benefit in terms of improving the performance of both the global supply chain and its members, enabling them to achieve sustainable competitive advantages.
Originality/Value – Through a systematic and comprehensive review of the literature in three distinct areas as well as an empirical study, this research explores the mediation role on FSCA-FSCP link.
... Stochastic programming is the most extensively used technique among modelling efforts have been given to improve the decision-making of CLSCND under uncertainty (Yu and Solvang, 2020) 42%, 45 papers out of 106 choose stochastic method to model uncertainty factors. Uncertainties related to the form of high variability in demand (Mawandiya et al., 2020), process, such as return (Yolmeh and Saif, 2021) or supply are often handled by stochastic method (Van Der Vorst and Beulens, 2002). ...
Risk and uncertainty in each stage of CLSC have greatly increased the complexity and reduced process efficiency of the closed-loop networks, impeding the sustainable and resilient development of industries and the circular economy. Recently, increasing interest in academia have been raised on the risk and uncertainty analysis of closed-loop supply chain, yet there is no comprehensive review paper focusing on closed-loop network design considering risk and uncertainty. This paper examines previous research on the domain of closed-loop network design under risk and uncertainties to provide constructive prospects for future study. We selected 106 papers published in the Scopus database from the year 2004 to 2022. We analyse the source of risk and uncertainties of the CLSC network and identified appropriate methods for handling uncertainties in addition to algorithms for solving uncertain CLSCND problems. We also illustrate the evolution of objectives for designing a closed-loop supply chain that is expos to risk or uncertainty, and investigate the application of uncertain network design models in practical industry sectors. Finally, we draw proper research gaps for each category and clarify some novel insights for future study. By considering the impacts of risk or uncertainties of different sources on closed-loop supply chain network design, we can approach the economical, sustainable, social, and resilient objectives effectively and efficiently.
... The source of this problem may be internal and external to the biodiesel supply chain. [6] state that the main problem in managing the supply chain is the existence of uncertainty. Although it was detected that there were several attempts to minimize the effect of uncertainty in the decision-making process, such as reducing variation and increasing forecasting accuracy [7]. ...
Biodiesel is one of the biofuels identified as a complement to conventional fuels. Socially and environmentally, biodiesel has been known to provide benefits for creating new jobs, revitalizing rural areas, and reducing global warming. However, the biodiesel industry often faces various challenges, one of which is uncertainty in decision-making. Uncertainty in the supply chain is considered as one of the greatest challenges to managing and controlling the supply chain. Other types of uncertainty are associated with events that decision-makers cannot predict or control, such as natural disasters, accidents, or artificial disasters. Supply chain complexity and global competition have increased their exposure to disruption. Therefore, reacting appropriately to disruptions is necessary for business continuity. Ultimately, resilience capabilities must be developed to help companies become more resilient than before. This paper identifies and determines the vulnerability and capability factors in the Indonesian biodiesel supply chain. The result shows several vulnerability factors, such as turbulence (price, technological failure, and pandemic), external pressures (policy and regulation), and resource limits (supply, capacity, and land availability), that may affect the resilience of the biodiesel supply chain. Meanwhile, capability factors that can be utilized to reduce these vulnerabilities are flexibility in sourcing, flexibility in order fulfilment, capacity, adaptability, visibility, and collaboration. The practical implications are also described in this paper.
... They are; deterministic chaos, parallel interactions and demand amplification. These effects are similar to the uncertainty in decision making situations described by (Van der Vorst & Beulens, 2002), primarily when the decision maker does not know definitively what to decide because of a lack of information, process knowledge, behavioural impact and controls. Visibility, through partnerships with key suppliers and customers may reduce uncertainty and risk within the RSC (Van der Vorst & Beulens, 2002). ...
It is often taken for granted that the right products will be available to buy in retail outlets seven days a week, 52 weeks a year. Consumer perception is that of a simple service requirement, but the reality is a complex, time sensitive system - the retail supply chain (RSC). Due to short product life-cycles with uncertain supply and demand behaviour, the RSC faces many challenges and is very vulnerable to disruptions. In addition, external risk events such as BREXIT, extreme weather, the financial crisis, and terror attacks mean there is a need for effective RSC risk management (RSCRM) processes within organisations. Literature shows that although there is an increasing amount of research in RSCRM, it is highly theoretical with limited empirical evidence or applied methodologies. With an active enthusiasm coming from industry practitioners for RSCRM methodologies and support solutions, the RSCRM research community have acknowledged that the main issue for future research is not tools and techniques, but collaborative RSC system wide implementation.
The implementation of a cross-organisational initiative such as RSCRM is a very complex task that requires real-world frameworks for real-world practitioners. Therefore, this research study attempts to explore the business requirements for developing a three-stage integrated RSCRM framework that will encourage extended RSC collaboration. While focusing on the practitioner requirements of RSCRM projects and inspired by the laws of Thermodynamics and the philosophy of System Thinking, in stage one a conceptual reference model, The 𝑃6 Coefficient, was developed building on the formative work of supply chain excellence and business process management. The 𝑃6 Coefficient reference model has been intricately designed to bridge the theoretical gap between practitioner and researcher with the aim of ensuring practitioner confidence in partaking in a complex business process project. Stage two focused on a need for a standardised vocabulary, and through the SCOR11 reference guide, acts as a calibration point for the integrated framework, ensuring easy transfer and application within supply chain industries. In their design, stages one and two are perfect complements to the final stage of the integrated framework, a risk assessment toolbox based on a Hybrid Simulation Study capable of monitoring the disruptive behaviour of a multi-echelon RSC from both a macro and micro level using the techniques of System Dynamics (SD) and Discrete Event Simulation (DES) modelling respectively.
Empirically validated through an embedded mixed methods case study, results of the integrated framework application are very encouraging. The first phase, the secondary exploratory study, gained valuable empirical evidence of the barriers to successfully implementing a complex business project and also validated using simulation as an effective risk assessment tool. Results showed certain high-risk order policy decisions could potentially reduce total costs (TC) by over 55% and reduce delivery times by 3 days. The use of the 𝑃6 Coefficient as the communication/consultation phase of the primary RSCRM case study was hugely influential on the success of the overall hybrid simulation study development and application, with significant increase in both practitioner and researcher confidence in running an RSCRM project. This was evident in the results of the hybrid model’s macro and micro assessment of the RSC. SD results effectively monitored the behaviour of the RSC under important disruptive risks, showing delayed effects to promotions and knowledge loss resulted in a bullwhip effect pattern upstream with the FMCG manufacturer’s TC increasing by as much as €50m. The DES analysis, focusing on the NDC function of the RSC also showed results of TC sensitivity to order behaviour from retailers, although an optimisation based risk treatment has reduced TC by 30%. Future research includes a global empirical validation of the 𝑃6 Coefficient and enhancement of the application of thermodynamic laws in business process management. The industry calibration capabilities of the integrated framework application of the integrated framework will also be extensively tested.
... In SNs, uncertainty means decision-making situations in which SN objectives are vague; SN behaviour is unpredictable; and there is a lack of information processing capacity or effective control action (Davis 1993;Van Der Vorst and Beulens 2002;Chen et al. 2016;Samson and Gloet 2018;Durugbo et al. 2020). This uncertainty stems from supplier performance variability and inconsistency that result in delayed, deficient, or defective deliveries. ...
Supply risk (SR) pervades the structures and behaviour of supply networks (SNs) and the potential economic significance of deviant, disruptive and disastrous incidents motivate significant investments by organisations in strategies for SR mitigation to lessen adverse organisational effects and vulnerability of SNs. Thus, a key challenge for researchers is to design analytical tools, techniques, and methodologies that enhance intelligence for SR mitigation. Guided by contingency theory, this study aims to propose a unified model for descriptively characterising the process for SR mitigation and assessing SR mitigation methodologies for SNs. A multi-case study conducted with four companies in petroleum and aluminium industry sectors, aids in evaluating the proposed model. Theoretically, the research is original in offering a formal approach for prescribing SR mitigation actions, and for formulating benchmarks that comparatively analyse the uncertainty level, perception scrutiny and mechanism deployment of risk mitigation methodologies. Managerially, the research is valuable in shedding light on the significance of SN control mechanisms in SR management and a controllability–predictability continuum that elaborates on dimensions of potential incidents associated with SRs in SNs.
... To achieve the optimal performance of the general supply chain, a series of precise actions need to be implemented under the incentive mechanism. Furthermore, there is a need to be able to effectively manage the complexity of the supply chain [5]. This can be achieved if the firms coordinate through a set of transfer payment contracts such that the objective of each firm is achieved and aligned with that of the supply chain [6]. ...
This paper considers a supply chain system which consists of a supplier and a retailer. The purpose is to investigate the impact of contract complexity on supply chain coordination under complete information. The supplier drafts contracts, which include wholesale price contracts and simple quantity discount contracts. These contracts are of different complexity. The retailer chooses one of the supplier-designed contracts to optimize its profit. This study shows that a complex contract with an infinite number of price breaks can achieve the coordination of a general supply chain. It can also arbitrarily distribute supply chain profit under mild conditions. Theoretically, this is the optimal contract. However, it is difficult to implement in practice. Complex contracts with limited price breaks can improve the performance of the decentralized supply chain system compared to simple contracts (i.e. wholesale price contracts), but neither can coordinate the general supply chain. In addition, as the complexity of the contract increases, the performance of the decentralized supply chains continues to decline. This means that the increased in contract complexity does not necessarily increase the efficiency of supply chain contracts. Our study suggest that a three-price contract (all-unit quantity discount contract with two price breaks), although theoretically suboptimal, is sufficient for a general supply chain and should be preferred in practice.
... In order to cope with these challenges, organisations are adopting innovative approaches such as warehouse management systems (Ramaa et al., 2012). Van Der Vorst and Beulens (2002) suggest that to identify effective supply chain redesign strategies one should focus on the identification and management of the sources of uncertainties in supply chain decision-making processes. ...
... COVID-19 should be viewed as an environmental supply chain uncertainty (Velayutham et al., 2021). The definition of supply chain uncertainty by Vorst and Beulens (2002) is situations in the supply chain where the decision maker does not know what to decide as they are unclear about the objectives; lack information about (or understanding of) the supply chain or its environment; lacks information processing capacities; is unable to accurately predict the impact of possible control actions on supply-chain behaviour; or lacks effective control actions (non-controllability) (Vorst and Beulens, 2002, p.413). Uncertainty occurs when decision-makers cannot estimate the outcome of an event or the probability of its occurrence (Sanchez-Rodrigues et al., 2008). ...
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a huge impact on the global supply chain. Recent studies show that industries must face the adverse effects of COVID-19 and manage them in 2022 and even beyond. In addition, as living with the COVID-19 pandemic becomes the new normal, based on contingency theory, we consider the COVID-19 pandemic as a supply chain uncertainty. Understanding of uncertainty in supply management is still incomplete. Therefore, it is significant to construct a measurement model for assessing the impacts of COVID-19 on supply chains across industries to better manage these impacts. The model also can be used for investigating impacts of other supply chain crises. Empirical data for this study was collected from firms in United Arab Emirates (UAE). Results not only reveal the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on UAE's supply chains, but also demonstrate the reliability and validity of the instrument. The paper provides a validated measurement model, which has strong implications for future research and contributes to the supply chain management literature.
... Some scholars define a condition in a supply chain in which decision makers lack sufficient information about the network and environment of the supply chain and, as a result, are unable to predict the impact of an event on supply chain behavior [25]. Despite the fact that risk and uncertainty are frequently used interchangeably in SC literature [26], uncertainty is not measured since it lacks total assurance and has more than one possible outcome. ...
In systems with uncertain information, ambiguity must be taken into account. In this paper, fuzzy set theory concepts are incorporated into support vector machines (SVM). This ensemble preserves the benefits of SVM regression models and fuzzy regression models, where SVM learning theory describes the properties of learning machines that enable them to generalize well, and fuzzy set theory offers an efficient method for capturing the approximate, imprecise properties of the real world. In accordance with the phase space reconstruction theory of dynamical systems, a fuzzy model for enterprise supply chain risk assessment is proposed using the robust nonlinear mapping capability of support vector machines and the characteristic of fuzzy logic that makes it easy to combine prior system knowledge into fuzzy rules. The results demonstrate that the prediction model can not only automatically acquire knowledge from learning data to generate fuzzy rules but can also extract support vectors that can represent the inherent laws of enterprise supply chain risks, drastically reduce the number of support vectors, and accurately predict. Future risk can be accurately predicted. This conclusion suggests that the support vector machine based on a fuzzy model is an effective method for analyzing enterprise supply chain risk.
... The supply chain of agri-fresh produce is characteristically complex and obscured due to its perishable nature, demand uncertainty, and price volatility (Van Der Vorst & Beulens, 2002). Post-harvest loss and waste (PHLW) of fruits and vegetables (F&V) are one of the major challenges in the supply chain of agri-fresh produce because of its negative impact on social, economic, and environment. ...
Substantial quantities of agri-fresh produce especially fruits and vegetables are lost and wasted at various channels and operational levels in the agri-fresh produce supply chain. This post-harvest loss and waste (PHLW) create an imbalance in demand–supply of fruits and vegetable which hinders the provision of a healthy and nutritious diet for the people. This research article aims to develop a cause-effect model by identifying and analyzing the key factors under five major operational issues (Demand forecasting, Production planning, Transportation, Inventory, and Inefficient harvesting) that leads to post-harvest loss and waste of fruits and vegetables in the agri-fresh produce supply chains (AFPSCs) in developing economies, specifically India. The empirical study evaluates sixteen key factors and is further analyzed by using the fuzzy Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation of Laboratory (F-DEMATEL) technique to understand cause-effect relationships among factors and identify significant causal factors. The results revealed a lack of coordination between production, processing, and fresh market (PHLW6), lack of seasonal demand forecasting for non-producing regions (PHLW1), poor knowledge sharing about demand and supply (PHLW2), insufficient logistics in the catchment area (PHLW10), limited availability of cold chain facility (PHLW16), improper planting and sowing time duration (PHLW5), no change in mindsets for the diversification of crops (PHLW3), and lack of specialized vehicles (PHLW8) are the eight significant causal factors which have high influence to lead the post-harvest loss and waste of fruits and vegetables in the supply chain, that needs special attention. At last, the sensitivity analysis was performed to test the robustness of the result and decrease the biases in the decision-making process. The insights of this outcome will assist in forming policies and making an operational and strategic decision for the reduction of PHLW of fruits and vegetables in the agri-fresh produce supply chain to attain sustainable development goals.
... It is noteworthy that the dynamics of the operations extended to supply chains. Some researchers such as Van Der Vorst and Beulens, (2002), have suggested some requirements for decreasing the complexity, uncertainty and heterogeneity in the business environments (Xu et al., 2003). ...
... On the other hand, the demand of cold chain in fruits and vegetables has been increasing due to changing lifestyles, globalization, nuclear families, working women, demand of fresh produce and rise of organized retails. Furthermore, high fluctuation in demand and supply, price fixation, and concern for food safety and quality is reported due to its perishable and seasonal nature (Vorst andBeulens, 2002, Negi andAnand, 2015). Therefore, refrigerated retail van as a part of supply chain management can help in maintaining the price and quality of products in the market. ...
... Due to this complexity, uncertainty in the supply chain is considered as an obstacle to the effective management and control of operations [4]. According to [5], "Supply chain uncertainty refers to decision making situations in the supply chain in which the decision maker does not know definitely what to decide as he is [unclear] about the objectives; lacks information about its environment or the supply chain; lacks information processing capacity; is unable to accurately predict the impact of possible control actions on supply chain behaviour; or, lacks effective control actions'. The importance of supply chain network appears in facility location decisions, and serving customers in good conditions. ...
Supply chain network is critical to serving customers, so the most common practices are to determine the number, location, and capacity of facilities. But at the same time, uncertainties and risks must be taken into account in order to control delays. In this context, many optimisation models have been developed to use the results in transportation network and therefore improve the supply chain performance. Models were developed in both routing and zoning/districting problems, and different cases have been discussed in the literature, such as facility location problems, urban problems, and transportation problems. This paper seeks to review the literature in this area and decompose the models into Mathematical modelling and Geometrical approaches. Distribution is an important part of the supply chain management, it is a process with multiple participants. This characteristic brings a high level of uncertainty. This article therefore presents the distribution process and in particular the design of the transportation network which can include both routing and districting problems.
... Suppliers, manufacturers, and consumers are all part of a typical supply chain (Ambe & Badenhorst-Weiss, 2010). The goal of supply chain management is to create a link between a product's complete manufacturing and distribution networks to confirm or fulfill consumer needs (Van Der Vorst & Beulens, 2002;. Product quality, pricing, product line, order fill rate, order cycle time, shipment information, and delivery frequency are examples of such criteria. ...
The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between supply chain linkage and business performance in the lychee supply chain in Vietnam. The study collected 395 matched samples after sample screening. Partial least squares (PLS) algorithm is used to process the data. Research results show a link between supply chain linkage and business performance. Furthermore, research shows that risk supply chain, quality management, and business strategy also impact supply chain linkages and business performance.
... The second motivation comes from the lack of consideration given to the demand characteristics (to date) when attempting to examine the effects of AM adoption in the existing literature. The literature has shown that different demand environments require different supply chain strategies (Lee, 2002;van der Vorst, 2002), and so this research focuses on those environments characterised by demand volatility. A critical SCM practice under these conditions is inventory management and control; a discipline that relies primarily on the identification of demand characteristics. ...
Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing as it is frequently known, is an umbrella term for a collection of manufacturing technologies that enables products to be manufactured layer-by-layer from three-dimensional digital data. While the costs associated with AM represents a barrier to its wider adoption, its benefits outweigh its costs when considered in some contexts. Few studies have investigated the costs and benefits of this technology from a supply chain perspective, particularly in market environments characterized by demand uncertainty. In this type of scenario, it becomes necessary to adopt higher levels of internal competencies, find the optimal way to manage inventories and flexibly respond to sudden market requirements. This thesis therefore aims to address this gap by examining three key aspects: the learning effects offered by AM, the impact of AM on inventory-related costs and the impact of AM on the critical capability of flexibility. To assess learning in AM, this thesis focuses on the experimental measurement of AM operator time and improvement in operator effectiveness as a result of learning. Learning is thus assessed by measuring the reduction of labour time through operator learning within a series of build repetitions and estimates a progress ratio which captures the learning effect within this series. To assess the impact of AM on inventory-related costs, this thesis develops a conceptual model that matches possible AM scenarios with demand volume level and severity of stockout penalty. It also conducts a case study to obtain insights into the resulting model which has been developed. In this case study, an interprocess comparison is undertaken by simulating a supply chain based on data collected from a plastic products manufacturing company that produces pipe fittings using Injection Moulding (IM) technology. The simulation model produced has been built using the Arena software package for three distinct scenarios: the current configuration with IM only, iii a proposed configuration with AM only, and a proposed configuration that combines AM with IM. To evaluate the impact of AM on flexibility, a conceptual model has also been constructed that maps certain AM characteristics relevant to flexibility to key market disruption scenarios faced by managers. This aspect is also highlighted through the case study which assesses the impact of AM on four distinct supply chain flexibility types: volume, delivery, mix and new product using metrics obtained from the literature. The results obtained on learning in AM suggest that AM exhibits a learning effect for both the novice and the expert operator with progress ratios of 67.73% and 80.42% respectively. Further, results on the impact of AM on inventory-related costs revealed that utilizing IM alone showed the lowest supply chain unit cost (€0.90) compared to utilizing AM as a stand-alone (€2.72) or in a combined approach (€0.94). With regards to AM’s impact on flexibility, the supply chain employing IM showed greater volume and delivery flexibility levels (i.e. 65.68% and 92.8% for IM compared to 58.70% and 75.35% for AM, respectively). However, AM showed higher mix and new product introduction flexibility level, indicated by the lower changeover time and cost of new product introduction to the system (i.e. 0.33 hrs and €0 for AM compared to 4.91 hrs and €30,000 for IM, respectively). It is anticipated that these results can be used to inform practitioners and scholars on various contexts where AM can create value and the appropriate and timely investments needed to unlock that value.
... ey are often more focused on product quality and environmental sustainability demand [13]. Furthermore, the increasing globalization of food supply chains means that a lack of response to food crises could cause severe problems in health and trade [14]. ...
The COVID-19 pandemic has continued to result in severe disruptions to food supply chains. In this research, we present a simulation study on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on food supply chains and their sustainability using the lobster industry in Nova Scotia, Canada, as an example. The main contributions of this paper are twofold. First, it analyzes how the pandemic has negatively disrupted lobster supply chains and their sustainability. Second, it demonstrates how a simulation-based methodology based on the software AnyLogistix can be applied to examine the effects of a pandemic on food supply chains. We show the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic from four perspectives: production-inventory dynamics, customer performance, financial performance, and lead-time performance. Our findings include the following. First, the pandemic has created a backlog problem for the live lobster industry. Second, it has significantly increased the lead time of the lobster supply chain. Overall, this research can help the government and trade organizations to devise appropriate policies to reduce the negative impacts of the pandemic on food supply chains and their sustainability.
... Due to this complexity, uncertainty in the supply chain is considered as an obstacle to the effective management and control of operations [4]. According to [5], "Supply chain uncertainty refers to decision making situations in the supply chain in which the decision maker does not know definitely what to decide as he is [unclear] about the objectives; lacks information about its environment or the supply chain; lacks information processing capacity; is unable to accurately predict the impact of possible control actions on supply chain behaviour; or, lacks effective control actions'. The importance of supply chain network appears in facility location decisions, and serving customers in good conditions. ...
Supply chain network is critical to serving customers, so the most common practices are to determine the number, location, and capacity of facilities. But at the same time, uncertainties and risks must be taken into account in order to control delays. In this context, many optimisation models have been developed to use the results in transportation network and therefore improve the supply chain performance. Models were developed in both routing and zoning/districting problems, and different cases have been discussed in the literature, such as facility location problems, urban problems, and transportation problems. This paper seeks to review the literature in this area and decompose the models into Mathematical modelling and Geometrical approaches. Distribution is an important part of the supply chain management, it is a process with multiple participants. This characteristic brings a high level of uncertainty. This article therefore presents the distribution process and in particular the design of the transportation network which can include both routing and districting problems.
... The moderating effect of supply chain uncertainty SCU is defined as the "decision-making situations in the supply-chain in which the decisionmaker does not know definitely what to decide as he [or she] is indistinct about the objectives; lacks information about (or understanding of) the supply-chain or its environment; lacks information processing capacities; is unable to accurately predict the impact of possible control actions on supply-chain behavior; or, lacks effective control actions (non-controllability)" (Van Der Vorst and Beulens, 2002). Prior studies have identified three sources of SCU: demand, manufacturing process and supply uncertainty (Davis, 1993;Simangunsong et al., 2012). ...
Purpose
This study aims to investigate sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) through the lens of socio-technical system (STS) theory. Specifically, it examines the individual and synergistic effects of social and technical integration on two main sustainability practices (i.e. sustainable production and sustainable sourcing). Supply chain uncertainty is further explored as a key environmental factor.
Design/methodology/approach
A moderated joint effects model was hypothesized. A sample of 759 manufacturing firms was used to test the proposed hypotheses by hierarchical linear regression.
Findings
The results show that both social and technical integration have positive effects on sustainable production and sustainable sourcing. Interestingly, social and technical integration have an enhancing synergistic effect on sustainable sourcing, which is further strengthened in high-uncertainty supply chains.
Originality/value
This study extends the application of STS theory in the SSCM setting. It enriches the sustainability literature by uncovering the impact of the interplay among the firm's social, technical and environmental systems on sustainable production and sourcing, and offers system-wide insights for sustainability management.
... It is noteworthy that the dynamics of the operations extended to supply chains. Some researchers such as Van Der Vorst and Beulens, (2002), have suggested some requirements for decreasing the complexity, uncertainty and heterogeneity in the business environments (Xu et al., 2003). ...
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to present green supply chain, resilient supply chain, agile supply chain, cold supply chain and lean supply chain (GRACL SC) procedures based on a detailed perspective, analyzing subjects in the past 19 years with a systematic literature review (SLR) of the papers reported from 2000 to 2019, and offering information and guidelines for further studies.
Design/methodology/approach
This research is based on 17 keywords in the title and topic of the articles and collects data from Web of Science (WOS) databases and objectively chooses 1,190 articles and performs meta-data analyses. Tables and statistical reports are based on the following three filters: publication year, authors and document type. At least, 39 publications from the ISI WOS has been examined for presenting information of categorization of the conducted research with regard to the content analysis, comprising the conceptual development and obstacles, cooperation with the supply chain elements, as well as mathematical and other optimization models.
Findings
Finally, this study answered three main questions in the research and demonstrates that the majority studies in the green supply chain (GSC) and a minimum number of studies on the cold supply chain have been conducted and 27 factors are chosen to achieve the 2000 to 2019 GRACL SCM model which robust and fit for Iranian food industries. The model shows that the agile, resilient and lean supply chain have direct effect on GSC and it can be said that all 27 groups which are selected for the final model of this research can be the main groups in the supply chain.
Originality/value
This paper was actually conducted by authors who reported it. To prevent plagiarized, redoubled efforts have been made and actually this paper is based on SLR methodology and the results are real and the researcher discusses the results appropriately. This investigation can have a positive impact within the field of expanding supply chain flexibility and lessening squander within the Iranian generation framework.
... The food industry is characterized by a dynamic environment due to the changing demands of its customers [11] [12] [13]. Based on this characteristic of the food industry, companies should have the flexibility to promptly adjust their strategies and redesign their resources [14] [15] [16] [17]. ...
Due to the increasing occurrence of disruptive events caused by both human and also natural disasters, supply chain risk management has become an emerging research field in recent years, aiming to protect supply chains from various disruptions and deliver sustainable and long-term benefits to stake-holders across the value chain. Implementing optimum designed risk-oriented supply chain management can provide a privileged position for var-ious businesses to extend their global reach. In addition, using a proactive supply chain risk management system, enterprises can predict their potential risk factors in their supply chains, and achieve the best early warning time, which leads to higher firms’ performance. However, relatively little is known about sustainable risks in food supply chains. In order to manage the ever-growing challenges of food supply chains effectively, a deeper insight re-garding the complex food systems is required. Supply chain risk manage-ment embraces broad strategies to address, identify, evaluate, monitor, and control unpredictable risks or events with direct and indirect effect, mostly negative, on food supply chain processes. To fill this gap, in this paper we have critically discussed the related supply chain risk management literature. Finally, we propose a number of significant directions for future research.
... Since the early 1990s, supply chain reconfiguration has been a widely practiced strategy among many global firms to help adapt to changing supply-demand dynamics in a deregulated global market. The main driving forces behind the reconfiguration strategy include growing international competitive pressure, changing preferences relating to market requirements, developments in information and communication technology (ICT) and global freight transport systems, and increasing uncertainties in supply chain decision making processes (Arntzen et al. 1995;Lemoine and Skjoett-Larsen 2004;Van Der Vorst and Beulens 2002;Govindan et al. 2015). The main objective of reconfiguration is to improve the efficiency of global supply chains, and their effectiveness in trade facilitation and sustainability. ...
This paper aims to analyse the potential effects on bilateral trade movements of the reconfiguration of maritime networks brought about by the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI). The gravity model of international trade is applied to examine the hypothesized impact of maritime network reconfiguration on the bilateral trade between nine exporting countries (Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Israel, Panama, Colombia, Costa Rica, Singapore, Malaysia and Indonesia) and their 128 trading partners. The panel data on the five components of the Liner Shipping Bilateral Connectivity Index (LSBCI), the export value, the gross domestic product (GDP) of the nine exporting countries, the GDP of their trading partners and the maritime distance linking them to these 128 trading partners for each of the years from 2008 to 2016 are used in the analysis. The results show that the estimated coefficient for the number of transhipments is negative, revealing an inverse relationship between transhipments and bilateral exports, reconfirming that a redesign of the maritime supply chain network in response to the BRI could significantly improve bilateral export values. Furthermore, a reduction in the number of required transhipments, because of a reconfiguration of maritime networks with BRI trading partners, will improve the maritime network structure between countries located along the three strategic chokepoints: the Suez Canal, the Panama Canal, and the Strait of Malacca. In general terms, the BRI-driven reconfiguration of maritime supply networks is linked to an improvement in the productivity of nine exporting countries. An innovative gravity-based econometric model, estimated on a large set of panel data, is introduced below, aiming at the modelling of the effect of BRI on supply chain network reconfiguration.
... In SCs, layouts of manufacturing systems are designed and assessed considering the stochastic nature of market demand (Alhawari & Suer, 2019). Van der Vorst & Beulens (2002) indicated that SC uncertainty enforces distortions and lacks information to achieve to implement activities and achieve activities. In other words, decision makers are under pressure to figure out the SC behaviors and conditions to be able to effectively control SCs. ...
... In SCs, layouts of manufacturing systems are designed and assessed considering the stochastic nature of market demand (Alhawari & Suer, 2019). Van der Vorst & Beulens (2002) indicated that SC uncertainty enforces distortions and lacks information to achieve to implement activities and achieve activities. In other words, decision makers are under pressure to figure out the SC behaviors and conditions to be able to effectively control SCs. ...
Not only has the COVID-19 outbreak brought about public safety challenges, but there has also been a major disruption in the business world that impacts one and all from small to large businesses. During This pandemic, supply chains (SCs) have witnessed disruptions, and this has inspired the interest of this paper. Therefore, the objective of the paper is to address two research questions pertaining to exploring the emerging SC aspects in the age of COVID-19 and future directions of SCs. To achieve this objective, a methodology is developed entailing three steps as follows. First, data is collected and included documents are identified through PRISMA strategy. Second, document analytics is performed using the web-interface of bibliometrix package in R software,the shiny app. Third, the research questions are addressed accordingly. The results showed that the most prominent terms related to SCs include supply chain disruptions, supply chain management,supply chain resilience, viability, and flexibility. Consequently, the first research question is approached in which the aspects of SC disruptions, resilient SC, viable SC,Sustainable SC, and SC management, are addressed. With more focus on building resilient SC in the short-term to recover from disruptions, viable SC can be created in the long-term perspective, which eventually build sustainable SC accordingly. Subsequently, considering these aspects enable successful SC management. Additionally, the future directions are explored including the transformation from globalization to regionalization perspective, focus on digitalization, need for holding more inventory, managing SCs for high resilience, more dependence on operations research and business analytics, and reconsideration of food SCs. This paper contributes to the body of knowledge by providing insightful research agenda to scholars and practitioners concerned in exploring more of the influences of the current pandemic on SCs.
... Several criteria were used to inform this decision. Firstly, this industry operates in a dynamic business environment, where stakeholder expectations are continuously changing, thus fulfilling the requirement of the theoretical lens [47]. Secondly, the importance of supply chain sustainability for this industry is a significant concern of consumers and governments [48]. ...
... The uncertainty in supply chains creates challenges for businesses to make decisions effectively and efficiently; in other words, if not handled properly, it affects the organizational performance (Van der Vorst and Beulens, 2002). Peidro et al. (2009) reviewed more than 100 papers to provide insight on causes of supply chain uncertainties. ...
In supply chains, businesses compete to meet customer requirements by leveraging their competitive operational capabilities. In this paper, the manufacturer in its supply chain, faces uncertain market demand environment. Based on the products, operations and demand information, the manufacturer makes decisions to design its manufacturing system that saves time and effort in the production process. The methodology followed in this paper includes four phases. In Phase 1, the manufacturer benefits from the grouping of the similar products into families to save time and effort in the production and eventually the related machines are formed accordingly. In Phase 2, the decision of manufacturing system layout or design, considering a stochastic customer demand, is made including cellular manufacturing system design. In Phase 3, the expected profits generated by the system designed to meet the demand of product families are determined and optimal design is selected accordingly. In Phase 4, the problem of determining the optimal profits and quantities of the individual products in families, considering multi-demand coverage levels, is tackled using a proposed mathematical model, then results are analyzed. The results showed that similar products are grouped into four product families using p-median mathematical model and machine cells are formed accordingly. Consequently, the cellular manufacturing systems is designed for each family and the decision on the optimal number of cells is made based on the maximum expected profits generated by the system designed. Further, the problem of finding the optimal profits by individual products in families is studied considering three demand coverage probability scenarios: non-demand coverage restriction, only lower bound-demand coverage restriction and both lower and upper bounds-demand coverage restriction. Maximum profits are generated when the decision does not include any restriction on the demand; however, the product that has the lowest processing time is produced and sold where other products are not. This may leave the decision maker with either keep-the-winner perspective or not depending on the policy implemented in the competition process. Better decisions are made when more information is shared about the customer requirements.
... This supply chain is a very complex as compared to other supply chains as the prices keep on fluctuating based on their demand and supply equations. Also, it is governed by the seasonality, food quality, safety, and perishable nature of the products [7,14,32,33]. It is a somber issue for the customers and decision makers to decide on the efficient usage of available resources. ...
The crops of vegetables and fruits help farmers in generating employment, and increasing their income. This sector also provides nutritional security to the people in the remote as well as urban areas. The objective of this paper is to identify and model the causal factors of the post-harvesting losses in the Indian context. Through exhaustive literature survey and expert opinions, fourteen critical factors were identified, and the interpretive structural modeling (ISM) approach was used to establish an interrelationship among the defined factors and to determine the key criteria having high driving power. The research work is carried out in two parts, in Part- I inputs were taken from the experts of academia, and in Part-II inputs from the field experts were considered. Results obtained from both the cases were compared and discussed. After analyzing the factors, in two parts it was found that three factors, namely lack of linkages between industry, Government, and institution (B8), lack of technology and advanced technique in food processing (B10), and lack of linkage between farmers and processing unit (B6), were found to be the most significant factors. The developed ISM model is intended to guide the supply chain members at various stages and levels to achieve sustainability in social, economic, & ecological dimensions and increase efficiency of the vegetable and fruit supply chain by eliminating the crucial factors causing post-harvesting losses.
Supply chain issues have garnered considerable attention during recent years, especially with the advent of the COVID-19 pandemic. Whereas many causes and effects of supply chains have been studied, this paper focuses on an aspect that has largely been ignored—the effects of supply chain constraints on research and development (R&D) spending. Using cross-country data from numerous countries over the past decade, we find support for our main hypothesis that supply chain constraints undermine R&D spending. However, different dimensions of the supply chain have quantitatively different effects on research spending. Interestingly, we find evidence of the legacy of supply chain issues from pre-pandemic days to impact more recent R&D spending. Finally, the main findings are robust to consideration of reverse causality issues. Implications for technology policy are discussed.
The carried research questioned the feasibility of transferring to UAE historical buildings some of the sustainable strategies pursued by the Spanish Hospitality Organisation named Paradores de Turismo de España , (SMESA), on those areas distinguished by been differentiated and sustainable in operations, financially, socially, historically and environmentally. The objective was to find some available global initiatives, evaluate them holistically as elements of a potential model, for thus confirming that in the UAE a similar hospitality concept could be successful, as well as identifying new ideas to lead the way forward. The data collected was secondary, related to global developments in overall sustainability and particularly in those available research documents related to sustainability within tourism & hospitality industry. This research kept present “Paradores”, (as this organisation is usually named), particularities and existing model. The Spanish company leadership, embedded in their mission, vision and values, creative and sustainable initiatives in environmental sustainability, social sustainability, and governance. “Paradores” is recognised for the recovery and maintenance of heritage buildings together with the environmental preservation of their surroundings. The research found that several global initiatives are creating competitive advantages in the hospitality industry. Also, that the hospitality research on sustainability is not sufficient and require for corporate transparency to be effective. Sustainability must reach beyond cost saving initiates and so practice social and environmentally friendly operations. Resources efficiency, responsible industry, new policies, business innovations and life cycle thinking are a must to transform UAE hospitality and make it more sustainable.
Bu çalışma otomotiv sektöründe sürdürülebilir tedarik zinciri yönetimi uygulamalarını nitel analiz yöntemiyle incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Bu kapsamda otomotiv işletmelerinin yayınladıkları kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik raporlarının tedarik zinciri yönetimi bölümleri içerik analizine tabi tutulmuştur. Çalışmada Otomotiv Sanayi Derneği’ne üye otomotiv işletmelerinden 2021 yılı kurumsal sürdürülebilirlik raporunu yayınlayan 8 işletmenin raporları çalışmanın örneklemini oluşturmaktadır. Raporlarda yer alan tedarik zinciri yönetimine ilişkin veriler Maxqda Analytics Pro 2020 programında analiz edilmiştir. Sürdürülebilir tedarik zinciri uygulamaları sürdürülebilir süreç tasarımı, tedarik yönlü ve talep yönlü sürdürülebilirlik tasarımı ve sürdürülebilir ürün tasarımı olarak 4 ana kategoride ve metinlerden elde edilen kodlar ve alt kodlar ile raporlanmıştır. Sonuçlar işletmelerin tedarik zinciri süreçlerinde, tedarikçilerle ve müşterilerle olan ilişkilerinde sürdürülebilirlik açısından raporlama yöntemlerini ve faaliyetlerini ortaya koymaktadır. Çalışmanın bulguları sürdürülebilir tedarik zinciri yönetimi tasarımında sorumlu satınalma, sorumlu tedarikçi, adil satınalma, müşteri hizmet kalitesinin geliştirilmesi, müşteri memnuniyeti, çevreye duyarlı süreç tasarımı, teknolojik yeniliklere adaptasyon, kesintisiz tedarik zinciri ve üründe kalite ve güvenlik konularının ön plana çıktığını göstermektedir. Araştırmanın sürdürülebilirlik literatürüne ve uygulayıcı sektör temsilcilerine katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.
Avoiding failure in construction projects is not a simple process, which makes project failure to meet its objectives a serious issue faced by all countries, including Indonesia. Where over two-thirds of all construction projects worldwide have encountered serious issues, such as an increase in the project's cost, a delay in the project's scheduled completion date, or the project's cancellation. As a result, it is necessary to research and implement innovative ways for managing construction projects to assure their success and achievement of their objectives. The purpose of this study is to data is processed with the partial least squares (PLS) technique. The findings of the research indicate that there is a correlation between Agile Construction Management and Construction Projects. Additionally, research indicates that risk management, quality management, and strategy management all influence the Agile Construction Management connections and construction projects and investigate Agile Construction Management and its influence on building projects. Additionally, to identify the Agile project management concepts and principles that may be utilized in the Indonesian construction sector for it to be embraced as a new approach for managing construction projects in Indonesia. The researcher conducted a study of the pertinent literature to define Agile Construction Management, its methodology, and influence on building projects. The researcher then performed a questionnaire survey of a sample of engineering specialists that work for four major building project stakeholders: (beneficiary, supervising, designer, and contractor). The findings of this study indicate that it is possible to use the four Agile Construction Management ideals and eleven of the twelve Agile Construction Management principles to managing Indonesia construction projects.
Risk management in the base of the pyramid (BoP) environment is needed to ensure that firms performance objectives are met. Accordingly, integrating sustainability performance measurement in the supply chain risk management would offer interesting avenues for managing risks in BoP supply chain. Therefore, the paper conceptualizes an intersection between supply chain risk/uncertainty management and sustainable performance measurement. This intersection is then tested by a literature review of 164 BoP SC articles between the years 2000 and 2022. Descriptive, frequency, and correlation analysis identify various risks factors studied in the BoP literature so far, their management strategies and respective performance measures. The findings show a broad strategical aspect of managing SC risks and proffered the tactical or operational level performance measures which along with these practices can manage the related risks. Therefore, their incorporation into the risk management process should be considered. The correlation findings highlight the important role of performance process measures and the impact of these along with the management practices on firm's performance outcomes. The study contributes to supply chain risk and performance management literature by capturing the nexus between BoP and supply chain management.
A plastic response is a type of resilient response to disruption whereby a supply chain is significantly redesigned. This is in contrast to the most common responses to disruption emphasized in the extant resilience literature, in which restoration of a supply chain to its pre‐disruption state is typically the focus. Researching plastic responses is important because they differ greatly from restoration. A plastic response is a new way to operate, thus requiring implementation of major changes to the supply chain. Accordingly, a foundational premise is adopted to characterize a plastic response as (1) a significant redesign, (2) due to a pressing need, (3) requiring most or all of the following: acquisition of new skills, investment in new assets and leadership support, (4) a permanent new way to operate. Additionally, eight propositions are offered to serve as bases for further research. These relate to two fundamental issues: when are plastic responses most likely to be exercised and how to enable plastic responses. The propositions were developed through qualitative data analysis and informed by change management theory. The data were collected from in‐depth interviews with global corporations in a variety of industries. Theoretical contributions and managerial implications are offered at the end.
The entire supply chain of Vegetables in Karnataka is weighed down with various issues and challenges. Most of the prior literatures have been focused on the general issues of vegetables supply chain. The objective of this paper is to discuss the supply chain of vegetables sector in Karnataka and explain the issues which are affecting it. Authors also suggested the corresponding mitigation strategies to overcome the identified issues and challenges. Descriptive research has been used for this study. The supply chain of Vegetables sector has been explained and attempt has been made towards identifying the issues affecting the supply chain of the sector. The present study undertakes a detail review of contemporary literatures and tries to explain the factors affecting the supply chain of Vegetables sector in Karnataka. The study found that Cold Chain Facilities; Fragmented Supply Chain; Linkages and Integration between the partners; Taxation Issue; Infrastructure Facilities; Cost of Packaging Material; Technology and Techniques; Farmer's Knowledge and Awareness; Quality and Safety standards; Processing and Value Addition; Supply Chain inefficiency; Farmers income; Supply chain losses and wastage of fresh produce; Transportation facilities; Demand and market information etc. are the factors which constitutes serious challenges for Vegetables sector and are affecting the overall growth of the agricultural development of India. Overcoming these issues and challenges will benefit the decision makers and various stakeholders like the farmers, state government, transporters and food processing unit to understand the current status, issues and challenges for better planning and management in the field of vegetables supply chain.
The aim of this paper is to present empirical evidence about the relationship between Agri-fresh Food Supply Chain Quality (AFSCQ) practices and Organizational Sustainability (OS) outcomes. Organizational Sustainability embraces economic, environment and social sustainability. Based on literature review, a set of AFSCQ practices has been identified to create a theoretical model and to setup their relationship to OS as Economic Sustainability (ECS), Social Sustainability (SOS) and Environmental Sustainability (ENS). The measurement scales of AFSCQ practices and measures of OS were established in four stages: initial instrument development; structured interviews and utilization of Q-sort method; wide-ranging data collection by survey questionnaire; and analysis to confirm reliability and validity. Finally, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was utilized to validate the model with survey data collected from Indian agri-fresh food industry. The study developed relationships between AFSCQ and OS. Specifically, Customer Focus (CF) and Supplier Management(SM), both have direct and indirect influence on OS while Top Management Leadership and Commitment to AFSCQ, Internal Management(IM) and Supply Chain Integration Management using IT(SCIMIT) have indirect and direct influences on OS, respectively. The results also show that AFSCQ practices should be executed as an integrated coordination instead of independent practices, wherein they co-operate with each other and enrich OS. The empirical outcomes of this paper give evidence to count the AFSCQ as a reliable medium for OS. The AFSCQ practices are favorable to develop organizational sustainability, and then improve economic, social and environmental performance indirectly. The suggested model establishes the relationship between AFSCQ and OS. Additionally, the model’s justification to utilize the Indian agri-fresh food industry gave significant insights both from theoretic and realistic perspectives.
A cold chain is a complex system. It must deal with the requirements of cost efficiency, timeliness, product quality, and environmental impacts as well as the specific technical challenges in handling perishable cargo. Taking an action to accomplish one of these goals might fail in achieving another goal. Hence, one of the most important challenges in cold chain management is to identify solutions balancing cost, quality, and environmental concerns. Additionally, multiple stakeholders are involved in cold chains who have different perceptions of the product quality, economic, and sustainability aspects. There can be a conflict of interests between stakeholders in the chain. Considering the complexity of cold chains, tailored solutions must be designed to trade off different objectives in cold chain design. This paper aims at presenting an agent-oriented simulation framework to support decision-making in the design and operation of cold chains to trade off cost, emission, and quality. To illustrate the simulation framework, a case study of a global banana supply chain is presented and discussed. In the numerical study, the slow streaming strategy and the in-transit quality management system are analysed. The results show the capability of the presented model to analyse different scenarios and evaluate the influence on total logistics cost, emission, and the quality of perishable products. The numerical study results show a trade-off between reducing energy consumption and preserving product quality when changing the vessel speed. Furthermore, integrating quality management with logistics activities could optimize the operational costs and emission along the chain; however, the quality might be lower than a post-transport quality management system.
Purpose: This paper explores the steps/countermeasures taken by buying and distributing firms to address supply chain disruptions caused by COVID-19
Design/methodology/approach: This study employs a multiple case study methodology and conducts thirty-six semi-structured interviews with senior managers of nine different firms producing, procuring or distributing products from China and other highly impacted South Asian regions (Pakistan, Sri Lanka, India).
Findings: Results reveal that buying firms are moving to agile production, improving inbound material visibility, evaluating outbound logistics options to respond to manufacturing challenges while at the same time focusing on tier 1 suppliers and alternate sources of supply to meet the procurement challenges amidst the COVID-19. Second, distributors are modifying their inventory policies to meet the challenges pertaining to inventory shortage.
Research limitations/implications: This study has some limitations. First, the results of this study cannot be generalized to a wider population. Second, this study explores the interpretations of senior managers based in one country (UAE) only.
Practical implications: Supply chain firms can use the countermeasures provided in this study to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and make the best out of this pandemic.
Originality/value: This study contributes to the supply chain literature by exploring the countermeasures taken by firms to mitigate the impact of COVID-19. In particular, we explore such countermeasures from the perspective of two different entities (buyers and distributors) along the supply chain. Firms can use the countermeasures highlighted in this study to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 on the supply chain.
The aim of this research was to identify quality discrepancies in the existing service offerings of logistics service providers (LSPs). A multi-sided model of service quality (SERVQUAL) highlighting existing gaps in service provision was developed. A qualitative case study approach was employed, and the data were analyzed via a pattern-matching technique. The contribution to the literature is twofold. First, the study transferred the original service quality model developed in the 1980s from a business-to-consumer context to a business-to-business context that is specific to LSPs. Second, the results provide a means of closing the identified service quality gaps arising in an LSP context. Two internal gaps were found: non-homogeneous expectations between the sales and operations departments, and a communication and knowledge gap between these two entities. The three external gaps between LSPs and customers are a loyalty and corporate brand image gap, an innovation and information technology gap and an information asymmetry gap.
The results of this research enlighten the aspect of uncertainty in seaport-hinterland coordination, especially for the case of containerized import transportation operations. In this domain, hinterland transportation operators need to take decisions on when to pick up specific containers at the seaport terminal while considering customer expectations, costs and operational constraints. An obvious but crucial prerequisite of the latter is cargo availability for onward transportation. Even if a vessel reaches the seaport on time, a number of factors influence the expected cargo availability, such as the unloading sequence or customs activities. For this reason, transportation planning at the seaport-hinterland interface is characterized by great temporal uncertainty. Research indicates that supply chain uncertainty is expected to lead to increasing total costs and thus to lower a systems performance. The paper discusses the concept of cargo availability predictions as a novel parameter for hinterland transportation planning and examines the question whether it is a suitable instrument to reduce uncertainty for transport operators. The papers' empirical results are based on a qualitative survey with port community actors that has been conducted to identify the reason for uncertainty caused by lacking information on future cargo availability. Furthermore, preliminary results from a quantitative survey are used to identify the need for reduced temporal uncertainty from the perspective of German hinterland transportation providers. Upon these results, the concept of cargo availability predictions is evaluated.
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