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An account of the shrimps of the family Pandalidae (Crustacea, Decapoda, Caridea) in Madeiran waters
Abstract
An account of the species of the family Pandalidae recorded from Madeira is given. Heterocarpus grimaldii, Plesionika edwardsii, P. ensues, P. williamsi, P. martial and P. gigliolii are recorded for the first time from Madeira. Whenever available, data on the distribution and relative abundance of the species are given.
... Plesionika narval (Fabricius, 1787) is acknowledged by FAO as a species of interest to fisheries (Holthuis, 1980). This species usually occurs in great abundance and is easily captured in bottom trawls and traps (Lagardère, 1981;Holthuis, 1987;Biscoito, 1993). P. narval is exploited in a small scale artisanal fishery in Madeira (Biscoito, 1993), the Canary Islands (González et al., 1997) and the Mediterranean Sea (Arculeo et al., 2002). ...
... This species usually occurs in great abundance and is easily captured in bottom trawls and traps (Lagardère, 1981;Holthuis, 1987;Biscoito, 1993). P. narval is exploited in a small scale artisanal fishery in Madeira (Biscoito, 1993), the Canary Islands (González et al., 1997) and the Mediterranean Sea (Arculeo et al., 2002). This species occurs from the surface down to 910 m of depth in a large variety of habitats including muddy, sand-muddy, rocky bottoms and submarine caves (Holthuis, 1987;Thessalou-Legaki, 1989;Biscoito, 1993). ...
... P. narval is exploited in a small scale artisanal fishery in Madeira (Biscoito, 1993), the Canary Islands (González et al., 1997) and the Mediterranean Sea (Arculeo et al., 2002). This species occurs from the surface down to 910 m of depth in a large variety of habitats including muddy, sand-muddy, rocky bottoms and submarine caves (Holthuis, 1987;Thessalou-Legaki, 1989;Biscoito, 1993). It is a cosmopolitan species that can be found in the Eastern Atlantic Ocean, from the southwest Iberian Peninsula to Angola, the Mediterranean Sea, the Red Sea and Indo-West Pacific from Madagascar to French Polynesia (Crosnier and Forest, 1973;Holthuis, 1980;Chan and Crosnier, 1991;Martins and Hargreaves, 1991;González et al., 1997;Li, 2006;Li and Davie, 2006). ...
Analysis of abundance and population structure of Plesionika narval was performed on data concerning 5,255 specimens obtained from 62 fishing sets carried out off the Madeira archipelago (Northeastern Atlantic) between 2004 and 2008 in a depth range from 101 to 350 m. Abundance ranged from 0.01 to 19.74 specimens-per-trap and significant differences were found between seasons, probably as a result of an increment of population in the spring during the recruitment season. The analysis of size distribution revealed that the carapace length (CL) ranged from 2.45 to 28.61 mm and that mean female size consistently exceeded that of males. Differences in mean CL were statistically significant between depth strata and seasons. Of the specimens sampled, 57.00% were males, 41.88% females and 1.42% undetermined. Sex ratio also differed significantly between seasons according to depth strata, consolidating the hypothesis of the existence of seasonal migrations related with the reproductive cycle of this species. Ovigerous females showed larger sizes and occurred all year around and remain in shallow waters in winter, summer and autumn and move to deeper waters in spring. The highest frequency of ovigerous females was recorded in summer, between 151 and 200 m deep supporting the hypothesis that spawning of this species occurs in shallow waters, especially in late summer.
... For full list of author affiliations and declarations see end of paper *Correspondence to: Wendell Medeiros-Leal IMAR Institute of Marine Research, University of the Azores, Portugal Email: wendellmedeirosleal@gmail.com The soldier striped shrimp, P. edwardsii (Brandt), the target species of this study, has a circumtropical distribution occurring from the eastern Pacific (Philippines, Indonesia; Chace 1985), to the western Atlantic (from north-western Spain to Angola; García-Rodríguez et al. 2000), including the Macaronesian region (Azores, Madeira and Canary archipelagos; González et al. 1990;Martins and Hargreaves 1991;Biscoito 1993), Cape Verde (González et al. 2016), the south-western Indian Ocean (Crosnier and Forest 1973) and the entire Mediterranean region (Carbonell and Abelló 1998). Plesionika edwardsii inhabits a variety of bottoms (e.g. ...
... Since the 1970s, several studies aiming to obtain information on P. edwardsii biology and ecology have taken place in the waters of the Canary Islands (González et al. 1988), Madeira (Biscoito 1993), Azores (Martins and Hargreaves 1991) and Cape Verde (González et al. 2012) archipelagos. Most recently, valuable insights into a pristine state of the P. edwardsii population inhabiting Azorean waters were provided . ...
The global overfishing scenario of the historically exploited marine stocks have generated concern and encouraged the search for new potentially exploitable fisheries resources. In this sense, shrimps are potential alternative resources to be exploited, given their high diversity and stock resilience. This study had an objective to estimate life-history traits and analyse yield and abundance fishing levels to see whether Plesionika edwardsii shrimp is vulnerable to overexploitation or not in the mid-North Atlantic (Azores region, ICES Subdivision 10a2). The females showed larger L ∞ (asymptotic length) and k (coefficient of growth; L ∞ = 27.3 mm, k = 0.75 year −1) than did males (L ∞ = 24.58 mm, k = 0.73 year −1). The mortality rates of males (Z = 1.00 year −1 ; M = 0.84 year −1) and females (Z = 0.92 year −1 ; M = 0.85 year −1) were very similar. In terms of longevity, the males (3.47 year −1) survived longer than did females (3.34 year −1). Depletion experiments showed a fast and straightforward decline of CPUEs (3, 5 and 9 days), confirming a low mobility and vulnerability to high fishing efforts. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) estimates (5.4-10.7 tonnes (Mg) year −1) showed a low annual sustainable catch. These values combined with the life-history characteristics indicated that this stock is less resilient and highly vulnerable to overfishing.
... Furthermore, they constitute an important prey for demersal fishes and cephalopods (Fanelli et al. 2007; Vafidis et al. 2008). The soldier striped shrimp, P. edwardsii (Brandt), the target species of this study, has a circumtropical distribution occurring from the eastern Pacific (Philippines, Indonesia; Chace 1985), to the western Atlantic (from north-western Spain to Angola; García-Rodríguez et al. 2000), including the Macaronesian region (Azores, Madeira and Canary archipelagos; González et al. 1990;Martins and Hargreaves 1991;Biscoito 1993), Cape Verde (González et al. 2016), the south-western Indian Ocean (Crosnier and Forest 1973) and the entire Mediterranean region (Carbonell and Abelló 1998). Plesionika edwardsii inhabits a variety of bottoms (e.g. ...
... Since the 1970s, several studies aiming to obtain information on P. edwardsii biology and ecology have taken place in the waters of the Canary Islands (González et al. 1988), Madeira (Biscoito 1993), Azores (Martins and Hargreaves 1991) and Cape Verde (González et al. 2012) archipelagos. Most recently, valuable insights into a pristine state of the P. edwardsii population inhabiting Azorean waters were provided . ...
The global overfishing scenario of the historically exploited marine stocks have generated concern and encouraged the search for new potentially exploitable fisheries resources. In this sense, shrimps are potential alternative resources to be exploited, given their high diversity and stock resilience. This study had an objective to estimate life-history traits and analyse yield and abundance fishing levels to see whether Plesionika edwardsii shrimp is vulnerable to overexploitation or not in the mid-North Atlantic (Azores region, ICES Subdivision 10a2). The females showed larger L ∞ (asymptotic length) and k (coefficient of growth; L ∞ = 27.3 mm, k = 0.75 year −1) than did males (L ∞ = 24.58 mm, k = 0.73 year −1). The mortality rates of males (Z = 1.00 year −1 ; M = 0.84 year −1) and females (Z = 0.92 year −1 ; M = 0.85 year −1) were very similar. In terms of longevity, the males (3.47 year −1) survived longer than did females (3.34 year −1). Depletion experiments showed a fast and straightforward decline of CPUEs (3, 5 and 9 days), confirming a low mobility and vulnerability to high fishing efforts. The maximum sustainable yield (MSY) estimates (5.4-10.7 tonnes (Mg) year −1) showed a low annual sustainable catch. These values combined with the life-history characteristics indicated that this stock is less resilient and highly vulnerable to overfishing.
... The geographical distribution of P. narval extends from the Atlantic Ocean to the western central Pacific Ocean including, the whole Mediterranean basin from Spain to the farthest eastern part (Greece, Cyprus and Turkey) and the Red Sea (Biscoito, 1993;Sousa et al., 2014;WoRMS 2011;Kalogirou et al., 2017;González et al., 1997). The narwal shrimp has been the subject of several biological studies in both the western part of the Mediterranean Sea (Canary Islands, the Azores and the Island of Ustica), the Central part (southern Tyrrhenian Sea) and the eastern part of the Mediterranean Sea (Aegean Sea) Thessalou-Legaki, 1989;Lozano et al., 1990;González et al., 1997;Martins and Hargreaves, 1991;Arculeo and Brutto, 2011;Arculeo et al., 2002). ...
... The narwal shrimp is found in a large variety of habitats such as mud, sandy mud and rocky substrates of the coast and continental shelf, as well as submarine caves (Holthuis, 1987) and has been reported from a few metres (Biscoito, 1993) to 910 m depth (Holthuis, 1980;Thessalou-Legaki et al., 1989;Koukouras et al., 1998). It is a nektobenthic species; feeding on planktonic, mesopelagic and benthopelagic organisms (Kitsos et al., 2008). ...
... The narwal shrimp has a high commercial Cyprus, Turkey) (Carbonell and Abello, 1998;Christodoulou et al., 2009;Fransen, 2006;Koukouras et al., 1992;Thessalou-Legaki et al., 1989). The narwal shrimp may occur at depths between 2 m (Biscoito, 1993) and 910 m (Crosnier and Forest, 1973) and it also occurs in submarine caves (Arculeo and Lo Brutto, 2011;Crosnier and Forest, 1973;Holthuis, 1980Holthuis, , 1987Lagardere, 1981). ...
... Furthermore, narwal shrimp constitute an important prey for demersal fish and cephalopods (Cartes, 1993a;Fanelli and Cartes, 2004). The narwal shrimp is a cosmopolitan species occurring from the surface down to 910 m of depth in a large variety of habitats including muddy, sand-muddy, rocky bottoms and submarine caves (Biscoito, 1993;Holthuis, 1987;Thessalou-Legaki et al., 1989). As shown for many crustaceans, the growth of narwal shrimp is affected by temperature and food availability (Sousa et al., 2014). ...
In the Aegean Sea the trap fishery for narwal shrimp, Plesionika narval, contributes to social and cultural cohesion of local fishery communities. Spatial and temporal distribution patterns of narwal shrimp was studied during an annual cycle, including catch per unit effort (CPUE), sex ratio and proportion of ovigerous females in the population. Shrimps were sampled at five localities within the depth range of 10 to 170 m. Catch per unit effort increased during the summer period at all depths, when seawater temperature increase. Differences in CPUE were observed between depths, with highest catches at depths below 70 m. The proportion of females decreased significantly with depth, a pattern especially evident during the summer period (May to August), indicating a migration of females to shallower waters. Significant higher abundance of ovigerous females was observed during the period May to October, concurrently with a vertical migration of females to warmer waters. To further support this pattern, the proportion of ovigerous individuals among females increased with decreased depth at all seasons. We suggest that the findings of our study have significant implications to current and future management of narwal shrimp in the Mediterranean Sea.
... Decapod crustaceans have been studied during several scientific surveys carried out in the Madeira archipelago since the early eighties. Those prospective surveys were aimed at determining the fisheries' potential of non-exploited resources and diversifying the commercial fisheries, thus reducing the fishing pressure on the heavily fished coastal areas (Biscoito, 1993;Biscoito et al., 1992). ...
... Several species of shrimps are known to occur along the insular shelves and slopes off Madeira archipelago (Biscoito, 1993). Regardless of its economic and ecological importance and fishery potential, very few documented studies are available on WLRs, biology, population dynamics and condition factor of the shrimp species in this area. ...
Length and weight relationships and descriptive statistics are reported for six shrimp species caught off the Madeira archipelago between 1983 and 2014 using bottom and floating traps from depths ranging from 50 to 1,300 m. The parameter b ranged between 2.36 for Plesionika ensis and 2.97 for Plesionika williamsi. All species showed a pattern of negative allometric growth. To the authors’ knowledge all weight-length relationships presented herein are recorded for the first time from the Madeira area, and in the cases of Ligur ensiferus and Plesionika ensis are the first references worldwide.
... Selectivity has been investigated taking into account the likelihood of an individual encountering a trap, entering trap, escape through the entrance, or escape through another part of the trap. As such, selectivity of these traps are dependent on a number of factors, including time and area of trap deployment, shape and design of the trap, type of entrance, type of bait, presence of escape panels and quite importantly, the shape and size of the mesh (Brown, 1982;Salthaug and Furevik, 2004;Tallack, 2007; nektobenthic cosmopolitan species occurring from the surface down to 910 m depth in a large variety of habitats including muddy, sandmuddy, rocky bottoms and submarine caves (Holthuis, 1987;Thessalou-Legaki et al., 1989;Biscoito, 1993). In both the North-Eastern Atlantic and the Central Mediterranean Sea, ovigerous individuals have been found to occur all year round indicating a prolonged spawning period (Arculeo and Lo Brutto, 2011;Sousa et al., 2014;Anastasopoulou et al., 2017;Triay-Portella et al., 2017). ...
Small-scale shrimp trap fisheries, which have received very little attention in areas with limited potential for economic diversification, could offer a sustainable and socially beneficial option for profitable businesses in these regions. This study explores the effect of mesh size on selectivity of the commercially important narwal shrimp, Plesionika narval, in the Mediterranean Sea. Three different mesh sizes (8 × 8, 12 × 12 and 12 × 25 mm) were tested in fishing trials, with a theoretical Minimum Landing Size (MLS) using a defined maturity size of 12 mm to support interpretation of the results. Using the retention rates and the estimations on population fractions above and below MLS, we show that the use of the smallest-and largest-sized meshes would not support sustainable or efficient fishery. The results demonstrate a significant decrease in capture probability of undersized narwal shrimps with increased mesh size. The medium-sized mesh traps prove to be the best compromise for the fishery with high catch efficiency of commercial size shrimp and a low capture probability of undersized individuals. The results outlined in this article could be used to develop management plans for small-scale trap fisheries as a basis for developing viable enterprises in remote coastal communities.
... Commercial vessels from Ireland and the United Kingdom have harvested C. affinis using static nets and traps, and the annual landings have fluctuated around 1000 metric tons for much of the past decade (Robinson 2008). Other local fisheries have been reported in southern regions, in the Galicia Bank (Sánchez & Olaso 1985), and in Madeira (Biscoito 1993) and the Canary Islands (López-Abellán et al. 2002). Despite the increasing interest in this fishery, there is no legislation that governs the harvest of the species, and even the information about catches and landing statistics is still very limited (Robinson 2008). ...
The morphology of the first zoea stage of Chaceon affinis is described and illustrated in detail for the first time. Morpho- logical comparison with the corresponding stage of other known species of Geryonidae allowed the differentiation be- tween the genera Chaceon and Geryon, although it was impossible to distinguish among species of Chaceon using larval morphology. Thus, geryonid larvae collected in the plankton of Gran Canaria Island, NE Atlantic, during the years 2005 and 2006, could only be identified as Chaceon spp. The temporal distribution of larval abundance suggested that main hatching periods of Chaceon spp. occur in spring and summer. These results are useful to better understand the reproduc- tive strategies of these deep-water crabs, which in turn will be useful for future fishery management of this resource of increasing interest in the Canary Islands.
The deep sea is one of the last frontiers to biodiversity knowledge mainly due to the difficulties to access this environment. Additionally, the deep sea is constantly suffering anthropogenic impact (fishery activities, mininger exploration, and pollution). Recent efforts have contributed to knowledge on deep-sea Decapoda in Brazilian waters. However, these inventories are still far from complete. The main goal of this work is to compile the existing information, including these recent inventories of typically deep-sea species from Brazilian waters, >500 m depth (also including the Rio Grande Rise area). We herein list a total of 181 species of the two decapod suborders: Dendrobranchiata (32 species) and Pleocyemata (149 species). From the Pleocyemata eight out of the ten decapod infraorders were represented: 68 species of carideans; 31 of anomurans, 36 of brachyurans, 5 species of Astacidea and Polychelidae, 2 species of Achelata, and 1 of Stenopodidea and Axiidea each. As expected, the shrimp fauna was more diverse than the crab and lobster fauna. This is in contrast with the global diversity which is highest in the Brachyura.
Plesionika narval is a widespread species of the Pandalidae family, of particular high economic importance for small-scale shrimp trap fisheries in the Dodecanese Islands (SE Aegean Sea). Understanding its biology and reproduction are crucial for stock management. Reproductive biology aspects were studied through data collected during monthly experimental surveys with baited shrimps traps from November 2014 to October 2015 at a depth range of 10 - 150m. A total of 3436 individuals within the size range of 6.46 to 20.20 mm carapace length (CL) was analyzed. Overall, mean female size was significantly higher than mean male size, while the mean size of ovigerous females was higher than that of non-ovigerous females. Mean carapace length of ovigerous and non-ovigerous females was significantly correlated to depth. Ovigerous females were observed throughout the study period; however, monthly proportions revealed April to October as the main reproductive period of the species in the area. The sex ratio showed a clear predominance of females in the shallow depth zone (10-25 m) and was found to be affected by sampling area and depth zone. Immature females were found from November to March. Mature females were found all year round, exhibiting higher percentages in March, June, July and September, coinciding with the main reproductive period. P. narval seemed to spawn more than one time within the annual reproductive cycle. Gonadosomatic index obtained its highest mean values in May, June and September, thus revealing the main reproductive period. Size at first maturity for females was estimated at CL50=11.7 mm.
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