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Folia Cryptog. Estonica, Fasc. 51: 109–111 (2014)
http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/fce.2014.51.12
INTRODUCTION
Bacidia pycnidiata Czarnota & Coppins (Rama-
linaceae) was recently described from the Czech
Republic and Poland (Czarnota & Coppins,
2006), and it was characterized then by Central
European distribution. However, almost imme-
diately, B. pycnidiata was reported from several
other countries – Estonia (Suija et al., 2007),
Belgium (Ertz et al., 2008), Finland (Pykälä,
2008), and Lithuania (Motiejūnaitė et al., 2011);
it was also found in central Poland (Łubek, 2009,
2012), and additionally in the Czech Republic
(Vondrák et al., 2010). The recent records from
Ukraine (Dymytrova, 2013), North Caucasus
(Urbanavichus & Urbanavichene, 2013) and
current nding in Mordovia signicantly expand
the boundaries of the known distribution of this
taxon (Fig. 1).
Bacidia pycnidiata has characteristic flask-
shaped whitish or cream pycnidia (Fig. 2) with
long and ostiolar necks (Czarnota & Coppins,
2006). In Central Europe Bacidia pycnidiata
showed preference for moderately shaded, old-
growth or undisturbed broad-leaved forests,
where it grows on mossy bark of deciduous
trees, and very rarely on mossy soil or limestone.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
For the rst time for European Russia, Bacidia
pycnidiata was found in the Mordovskii Reserve,
the north-western Republic of Mordovia. The
republic is located in the eastern part of the East
European Plain of Russia. The north-western
part of the republic is situated in the Oka Don
Plain. The Mordovskii Reserve is located on
the right bank of the river Moksha. Vegetation
includes mixed coniferous-deciduous, pine and
broadleaved forests. Climate of the study area
is moderately continental with the annual pre-
cipitation around 550–700 mm.
Specimens examined: Russia, Republic of Mordovia,
Temnikov District, Mordovskii Reserve, 54°45'55.4''N,
43°05'04.2''E, alt. 110 m, deciduous forest with lime-
tree and maple, on bryophytes (Brachytheciastrum
sp.) over trunk of Tilia cordata Mill. (0.30 m diam.),
09 Sept 2013, Urbanavichus & Urbanavichene (LE);
Mordovskii Reserve, 54°54'59.2''N, 43° 27'48.0''E,
mixed coniferous-deciduous forest with lime-tree and
spruce, on bryophytes (Sanionia uncinata (Hedw.)
Loeske) over trunk of Tilia cordata (0.25 m diam), 29
Apr 2014, Urbanavichus & Urbanavichene (LE).
Bacidia pycnidiata is, in this case, a part of Lo-
barion pulmonariae Ochsner., as associated with
Lobaria pulmonaria, and the following epiphytic
lichens: Agonimia allobata (Stizenb.) P. James,
Acrocordia gemmata (Ach.) A. Massal., Arthonia
byssacea (Weigel) Almq., Cetrelia monachorum
(Zahlbr.) W. L. Culb. & C. F. Culb., Cladonia co-
niocraea (Flörke) Spreng., Cresponea chloroconia
(Tuck.) Egea & Torrente, Flavoparmelia caperata
(L.) Hale, Graphis pulverulenta (Pers.) Ach.,
Lepraria lobicans Nyl., Leptogium cyanescens
(Rabenh.) Körb., Lobaria pulmonaria (L.) Hoffm.,
Pachyphiale fagicola (Hepp) Zwackh, Peltigera
neckeri Hepp ex Müll. Arg., Pertusaria albescens
(Huds.) M. Choisy & Werner, P. coccodes (Ach.)
Nyl., Phlyctis argena (Ach.) Flot., Ramalina pol-
linaria (Westr.) Ach., Scytinium subtile (Schrad.)
Otálora, P. M. Jørg. & Wedin and S. teretiusculum
(Wallr.) Otálora, P. M. Jørg. & Wedin.
Bacidia pycnidiata discovered in European Russia
Irina Urbanavichene1 & Gennadii Urbanavichus2
1Laboratory of Lichenology and Bryology, Komarov Botanical Institute, Professor Popov St. 2, 197376
St. Petersburg, Russia.
E-mail: urbanavichene@gmail.com
2Laboratory of terrain ecosystems, Institute of the Industrial Ecology of the North, Kola Science Centre,
Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok 14 a, Apatity, 184209, Murmansk region, Russia.
E-mail: g.urban@mail.ru
Abstract: Bacidia pycnidiata Czarnota & Coppins (Ramalinaceae) is reported for the rst time for European Russia from
a single locality in the Republic of Mordovia. Description of the locality, ecology, and general distribution are presented.
110 Folia Cryptog. Estonica
The tree was in old forest and at shady site.
Thus, B. pycnidiata seems to be dependent on
old trees in rather a stable, humid forest with
closed canopy. Caucasian specimen of Bacidia
pycnidiata (Urbanavichus & Urbanavichene,
2013) was recorded as lichenicolous on thal-
lus of Nephroma parile (Ach.) Ach., on an old,
mossy trunk of Acer pseudoplatanus L., in mixed
coniferous-deciduous forest near Azishsky pass
(Lagonaki Highland, NW Caucasus).
In Russia (in Mordovia as well as in Cauca-
sus), B. pycnidiata has been found only in old-
growth forests, on wet mosses or/and epiphytic
thalli of macrolichens. Apparently, the ability
of mosses or thalli of macrolichens to main-
tain humidity facilitates the development of B.
pycnidiata. We suggest that Bacidia pycnidiata
distribution and characteristics of habitats are
associated with zonal and mountainous meso-
phytic (with tendency to hygrophytic) broad-
leaved and mixed forests. The same has been
shown for many nemoral herbaceous plants
and mosses, which distributions coincide with
the areas of broad-leaved and mixed forests
(Kurnaev, 1968: 342).
Similar habitat requirements of B. pycnidi-
ata have been recorded by Dymytrova (2013)
from the central part of Ukraine. An oak, ash
and oak-alder forests surrounded by wetlands
in “Lisnyky” Botanical Preserve (Kiev area), are
essential for maintenance of lichen biodiversity
(Dymytrova, 2013). Czarnota et al. (2014) char-
acterized Bacidia pycnidiata as an occasional
lichenicolous species on thallus of Peltigera
didactyla (With.) J. R. Laundon with a large
ecological plasticity and synanthropic tendency.
Fig. 1. Known distribution of Bacidia pycnidiata according to Urbanavichius & Urbanavichene
(2013), amended. The locality in Mordovskii Reserve is marked with ◯.
111
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We are grateful to A. B. Ruchin and other col-
leagues from Mordovskii Reserve for their help
in organizing eld trips. Thanks are given to
Dr. Olga Nadeina for discussion, and Dr. Olga
Afonina helped with identication of mosses. The
study was nancially supported by the Mordo-
vskii Reserve and participation of the rst author
was partially supported by Russian Foundation
for Basic Research (projects 11-04-00901a).
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Fig. 2. The anamorphic stage of Bacidia pycnidiata with whitish pycnidia. A – on the twig of Brachy-
theciastrum sp. in Mordovskii Reserve; B – on the thallus of Nephroma parile in NW Caucasus.
A B
112 Folia Cryptog. Estonica
