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Genetic transmission of Solanum demissum (2n = 6x = 72) chromosomes from a pentaploid hybrid of S. tuberosum (2n = 4x = 48) into the aneuploid BC1 progeny

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Seijiro Ono at University of Hamburg
Seijiro Ono
Rena Sanetomo
Rena Sanetomo
Rena Sanetomo
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Kazuyoshi Hosaka at Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine
Kazuyoshi Hosaka
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Abstract and Figures

Solanum demissum is a homozygous, hexaploid wild species (2n = 6x = 72, AADDDdDd) that has long been used as a source of late blight resistance by repeated backcrossing with S. tuberosum (2n = 4x = 48, AAAtAt). To understand how S. demissum germplasm is incorporated to S. tuberosum through backcrosses, a linkage analysis of 590 DNA markers from S. demissum-specific simplex alleles was performed in an aneuploid population of 87 BC1 plants. Five hundred eighty-one markers were mapped to 38 linkage groups, of which 37 were assigned to potato chromosomes using markers of known location. Three homoeologous chromosomes were distinguished for each of the 12 potato chromosomes. Approximately 50 % of the markers were transmitted to the BC1 progeny except for chromosomes 2c, 3b and 6c, which were significantly under-represented. Two of the three homeologous chromosomes in at least nine of the chromosomes were transmitted to the BC1 progeny with negative correlations, which demonstrated that the two homeologous chromosomes paired at meiosis in the F1 parent then separated into different gametes. Therefore, we suggest that the two negatively correlated chromosomes were the slightly differentiated genomes cytologically designated D and Dd genomes, while the remaining one was the one cytologically designated A genome of S. demissum. The S. demissum genome map will be useful in analyzing intra-locus interaction of qualitative and quantitative traits among homoeologous chromosomes and analyzing allelic variation of homeolog expression.
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Genetic transmission of Solanum demissum (2n56x572)
chromosomes from a pentaploid hybrid of S. tuberosum
(2n54x548) into the aneuploid BC
1
progeny
Seijiro Ono .Rena Sanetomo .Kazuyoshi Hosaka
Received: 1 May 2015 / Accepted: 11 September 2015 / Published online: 23 September 2015
ÓSpringer Science+Business Media Dordrecht 2015
Abstract Solanum demissum is a homozygous,
hexaploid wild species (2n=6x=72, AADDD
d
D
d
)
that has long been used as a source of late blight
resistance by repeated backcrossing with S. tuberosum
(2n=4x=48, AAA
t
A
t
). To understand how S.
demissum germplasm is incorporated to S. tuberosum
through backcrosses, a linkage analysis of 590 DNA
markers from S. demissum-specific simplex alleles
was performed in an aneuploid population of 87 BC
1
plants. Five hundred eighty-one markers were mapped
to 38 linkage groups, of which 37 were assigned to
potato chromosomes using markers of known loca-
tion. Three homoeologous chromosomes were distin-
guished for each of the 12 potato chromosomes.
Approximately 50 % of the markers were transmitted
to the BC
1
progeny except for chromosomes 2c, 3b
and 6c, which were significantly under-represented.
Two of the three homeologous chromosomes in at
least nine of the chromosomes were transmitted to the
BC
1
progeny with negative correlations, which
demonstrated that the two homeologous chromosomes
paired at meiosis in the F
1
parent then separated into
different gametes. Therefore, we suggest that the two
negatively correlated chromosomes were the slightly
differentiated genomes cytologically designated D
and D
d
genomes, while the remaining one was the one
cytologically designated A genome of S. demissum.
The S. demissum genome map will be useful in
analyzing intra-locus interaction of qualitative and
quantitative traits among homoeologous chromo-
somes and analyzing allelic variation of homeolog
expression.
Keywords Solanum demissum Allohexaploid
species Genetic map Aneuploidy Preferential
chromosome pairing Potato
Introduction
Recombination and segregation are fundamental to
creating new genotypes and are the basis for breeding.
These events occur during meiosis. Chromosome
pairing in diploid species (ex. rice and corn) and
disomic polyploid species (ex. wheat) is characterized
by regular bivalent formation at metaphase I during
meiosis and trait inheritance is amenable to simple
Mendelian inheritance. However, polysomic poly-
ploid (ex. potato) or aneuploid plants often show more
complicated chromosome pairing during meiosis
making it difficult to estimate trait segregation patterns
in the hybrid progeny (Allard 1960).
S. Ono
National Institute of Genetics, Yata 1111, Mishima,
Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan
R. Sanetomo K. Hosaka (&)
Potato Germplasm Enhancement Laboratory, Obihiro
University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine,
Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan
e-mail: spudman@obihiro.ac.jp
123
Euphytica (2016) 207:149–168
DOI 10.1007/s10681-015-1558-1
Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved.
... They also constitute a powerful tool for karyotyping in species with small chromosomes or across related species (Dong et al. 2000) and to identify extra chromosomes in aneuploids (Ji 2014) or chromosomes containing genes responsible for resistance traits (Tek et al. 2004). When GISH was combined with chromosome-specific molecular markers the transmission and segregation of individual chromosomes could be traced in potato (?) tomato fusion hybrids (Jacobsen et al. 1995;Garriga-Calderé et al. 1997, 1998 and wide potato hybrids (Ono et al. 2016). This approach has also been used to elucidate the genomic constitution of wild allopolyploid species (Pendinen et al. 2008(Pendinen et al. , 2012. ...
... For the BC 2 plants Carputo et al. (2003) observed a narrower range of chromosome number variation, with a tendency towards tetraploid (2n = 4x = 48) numbers. In hybridisation programmes with S. tuberosum Group Tuberosum involving other species such as S. demissum, in pentaploid BC 1 progenies variations in chromosome number were directly related to the amount of wild germplasm in the BC 1 plant because the genome from S. tuberosum was equally inherited to the progeny (Ono et al. 2016). However, the ranges found here point at random segregation of both homologous and homoeologous chromosomes in the backcross progenies. ...
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