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Site Selection for Ski Resorts and Areas: A GIS Application over the Turkish Mountain Terrain

Authors:
Osman Cenk Demiroglu at Umeå University
Osman Cenk Demiroglu
Abdullah Akbaş at Uludag University
Abdullah Akbaş
Tugba Ozturk at Isik University
Tugba Ozturk
M. Tufan Turp at Bogazici University
M. Tufan Turp
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Abstract and Figures

Snow sports based winter tourism development in Turkey is going under a rapid transformation with various public authorities and private entrepreneurs engaged in the proposal and the building of many ski resorts and areas throughout the country. Among the major actors of such growth are the central government, when it comes to the planning of touristic ski resorts, and the local governments or municipalities or businesses, when usually small or medium sized ski areas targeting local or regional demand for athletic or recreational purposes would be the case. This paper aims to provide these actors with a guideline for site selection of prospective ski resorts and areas. The method is based on the production of a map that presents a rated proposal for areas that could be utilized for development. The map is produced through a weighted overlay of seven indexed layers with raster data on hypsometry, future natural snow reliability (RegCM 4.3.5 outputs), future technical snow reliability (RegCM 4.3.5 outputs), land use, security perception, socioeconomic development level, and multi-ring buffer zones that define proximity to critical spaces such as urban centers, airports, main roads, and attractions. Indexing is realized on a standardized scale, while the justification for weighting is grounded in the literature, where snow conditions atop the criteria. Regarding the already unsuitable areas, relevant attributes of future natural snow reliability (grids that lack a minimum snow depth of 30 cm for at least 100 days on a climatic average), and land use, e.g. nature reserves, are erased.
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27.03.2019 AAG 2015 Chcago
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Osman Cenk Demroglu - Ste Selecton for Sk Resorts and Areas:
A GIS Applcaton over the Turksh Mountan Terran
Authors
Osman Cenk Demroglu
Authors
Osman Cenk Demroglu (PhD) - Istanbul Polcy Center, Abdullah Akbas - Ardahan Unversty, Tugba Ozturk (PhD)
- Isk Unversty, Mustafa Tufan Turp - Bogazc Unversty, Nazan An - Bogazc Unversty, Murat Turkes (PhD) -
Mddle East Techncal Unversty, M. Levent Kurnaz (PhD) - Bogazc Unversty
Body
Snow sports based wnter toursm development n Turkey s gong under a rapd transformaton wth varous publc
authortes and prvate entrepreneurs engaged n the proposal and the buldng of many sk resorts and areas
throughout the country. Among the major actors of such growth are the central government, when t comes to the
plannng of tourstc sk resorts, and the local governments or muncpaltes or busnesses, when usually small or
medum szed sk areas targetng local or regonal demand for athletc or recreatonal purposes would be the case.
Ths paper ams to provde these actors wth a gudelne for ste selecton of prospectve sk resorts and areas. The
method s based on the producton of a map that presents a rated proposal for areas that could be utlzed for
development. The map s produced through a weghted overlay of seven ndexed layers wth raster data on
hypsometry, future natural snow relablty (RegCM 4.3.5 outputs), future techncal snow relablty (RegCM 4.3.5
outputs), land use, securty percepton, socoeconomc development level, and mult-rng buffer zones that defne
proxmty to crtcal spaces such as urban centers, arports, man roads, and attractons. Indexng s realzed on a
standardzed scale, whle the justfcaton for weghtng s grounded n the lterature, where snow condtons atop
the crtera. Regardng the already unsutable areas, relevant attrbutes of future natural snow relablty (grds that
lack a mnmum snow depth of 30 cm for at least 100 days on a clmatc average), and land use, e.g. nature
reserves, are erased.
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Sessons
Osman Cenk Demroglu - Ste Selecton for Sk Resorts and Areas: A GIS Applcaton
over the Turksh Mountan Terran
Wednesday, Apr 22 6:40 PM
Abstracts
27.03.2019 AAG 2015 Chcago
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Aksu Deresi Havzası (Giresun) Periglasiyal Sahasında Kütle Hareketleri [The Mass Movements in the Periglacial Region of Aksu River Basin (Giresun)]
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2009
The periglacial mass movements which are different characters have been happening in high altitude region of Aksu River Basin (Giresun). The periglacial mass movements have been occuring on slopes consisted of soil, regolith, morens and glacial tills or weathered debris material by means of two main processes as freezing – thawing and water saturation. According to results of research on mass movements in region, it has been classified that solifluctions, gelifluctions, frost creeps and also rock movement typies such as rock falls, talus, talus creeps, rock avalanches and rock flows. Determined all periglacial mass movement typies are current, and these have been showing to progress under the current permafrost conditions while damaging on characteristic features of exist glacial and periglacial deposits. Key words: Aksu River Basin, periglacial, permafrost, mass movements.
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Unexpected impacts of climate change on Alpine vegetation
Article
  • Sep 2007
The vegetation in a high alpine site of the European Alps experienced changes in area between 1953 and 2003 as a result of climate change. Shrubs showed rapid expansion rates of 5.6% per decade at altitudes between 2400 m and 2500 m. Above 2500 m, vegetation coverage exhibited unexpected patterns of regression associated with increased precipitation and permafrost degradation. As these changes follow a sharp increase in both summer and annual temperatures after 1980, we suggest that vegetation of the alpine (2400-2800 m) and nival (above 2800 m) belts respond in a fast and flexible way, contradicting previous hypotheses that alpine and nival species appear to have a natural inertia and are able to tolerate an increase of 1-2 degrees C in mean air temperature.
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The Collapse of Solifluction Lobes as a Factor in Vegetating Blockfields
Article
  • Jan 1969
  • ARCTIC
ABSTRA(3T: The development of soil and vegetation in blockfields through normal processes is very slow. It is surprising, therefore, to find in the Ruby Mountains of southwest Yukon Territory, tongues and islands of vegetation occurring amidst certain blockfields. The collapse of solifluction lobes from upslope is suggested as the mechanism responsible. The lobes pass from the more gentle solifluction slope of the alb onto the steeper slope of the blockfields, and eventually become unable to maintain themselves because of: steeper slope, change in composition of vegeta- tion, and deeper active layer. Once the lobes do collapse, they flow downslope carrying with them clumps of vegetation which may become established somewhere along the mud-flow channel or levee. In this way, small outposts of vegetation are created and speed up a process which would otherwise take indeterminately longer.
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Turf-banked terrace treads and risers, turf exfoliation and possible relationships with advancing treeline
Article
  • Dec 2004
  • CATENA
Fine-scale geomorphic/pedogenic processes at alpine treeline may facilitate the initial stages of conifer invasion of alpine tundra. Turf-banked terraces and turf exfoliation associated with solifluction may provide both the topographic protection and the seedbed necessary for conifer establishment above treeline. The morphometry, stoniness and surface penetrability of turf-banked terraces were recorded. Whereas differences among sites exist due to topographic constraints, differences in soil penetrability depend on turf exfoliation. Exfoliated turf risers are significantly more penetrable than non-exfoliated solifluction risers and adjacent treads. These penetrable microsites provide favorable conditions for seed germination. The process of turf exfoliation may play a role in conifer advance into tundra during climatic change.
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Aladağlar ve Bolkar Dağları üzerinde görülen periglasiyal jeomorfolojik şekiller
  • Jan 2006
  • 5-122
  • T Altın
Altın, T. (2006) "Aladağlar ve Bolkar Dağları üzerinde görülen periglasiyal jeomorfolojik şekiller" Türk Coğrafya Dergisi, 46: 05-122.