Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015.

Full text

Important Bird Areas
in Antarctica
2015

Important Bird Areas
in Antarctica
2015
Harris, C.M., Lorenz, K., Fishpool, L.D.C., Lascelles, B., Cooper, J., Coria, N.R., Croxall, J.P.,
Emmerson, L.M., Fraser, W.R., Fijn, R.C., Jouventin, P., LaRue, M.A., Le Maho, Y., Lynch, H.J.,
Naveen, R., Patterson-Fraser, D.L., Peter, H.-U., Poncet, S., Phillips, R.A., Southwell, C.J.,
van Franeker, J.A., Weimerskirch, H., Wienecke, B., & Woehler, E.J.
June 2015

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Citation
Harris, C.M., Lorenz, K., Fishpool, L.D.C., Lascelles, B., Cooper, J., Coria, N.R., Croxall, J.P., Emmerson, L.M., Fijn, R.C.,
Fraser, W.L., Jouventin, P., LaRue, M.A., Le Maho, Y., Lynch, H.J., Naveen, R., Patterson-Fraser, D.L.,
Peter, H.-U., Poncet, S., Phillips, R.A., Southwell, C.J., van Franeker, J.A., Weimerskirch, H., Wienecke, B., &
Woehler, E.J. 2015. Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015. BirdLife International and Environmental
Research & Assessment Ltd., Cambridge.
Cover photograph
Adélie Penguin colony at Seabee Hook, Cape Hallett, Important Bird Area (IBA) ANT170 and Antarctic Specially
Protected Area (ASPA) No.106. © era-images C. Harris 2010.
Acknowledgements
BirdLife International and Environmental Research & Assessment Ltd. gratefully acknowledge generous support for
this study from the Governments of Australia (Australian Antarctic Division), New Zealand (Antarctica New Zealand
and Department of Conservation), Norway (Norsk Polarinstitutt and Ministry of Foreign Affairs), the United Kingdom
(Foreign & Commonwealth Office), and the United States (National Science Foundation Division of Polar Programs),
from the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research in supporting the workshops, and from the Pew Charitable Trusts
and the British Birdwatching Fair 2014, which has been vital to undertake the Antarctic IBA assessment and for the
preparation of this report.
We acknowledge the work of the SCAR Bird Biology Sub-Committee that laid the foundation for the original results on
which this project has built, with data compilations initiated by John Croxall from 1986, and John Cooper, Jan van
Franeker, Bill Fraser, Yvon le Maho, Hans-Ulrich Peter and Eric Woehler were particularly instrumental in the
workshops organised by SCAR on the topic. SCAR is also thanked for kind permission to use the Antarctic Digital
Database in preparation of the maps included within this report.
A wide range of scientists have been most generous by contributing data and reviews that have formed an essential
part of this assessment. In particular we thank David Ainley, André Ancel, Ian Angus, Grant Ballard, Christoph
Barbraud, Jonathon Barrington, Kerry Barton, Louise Blight, Nicole Bransome, Gill Bunting, Henry Burgess, Rachels
Carr, Rob Crawford, Jeroen Creuwels, Igor Debski, Sebastien Descamps, Mike Dunn, Mike Evans, Debbie Freeman,
Peter Fretwell, Neil Gilbert, Shulamit Gordon, Tom Hart, Peter Hodum, Jennifer Jackson, Julie Janovsky, Sarah Jones,
Liz Karan, Andrea Kavanagh, Gerry Kooyman, Andrew Lowther, Phil Lyver, Wieslawa Misiak, Birgit Njåstad, Michaela
Mayer, Ewan McIvor, Brian O’Connor, Warren Papworth, Polly Penhale, Paul Ponganis, Norman Ratcliffe, Keith Reid,
David Rootes, Jane Rumble, Anne Saunders, Mathew Schwaller, Michael Sparrow, Arnaud Tarroux, Göran Thor, Phil
Trathan, Rodolfo Werner, Deb Wilson, Peter Wilson, and Euan Young. Thanks are extended to the British Antarctic
Survey and the Scott Polar Research Institute, University of Cambridge, for kindly providing access to archive and
library resources.
Disclaimer
Any opinion, finding, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not
necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation or the governments or organisations that have
supported the work.

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Contents
Citation .................................................................................................................................................. i
Cover photograph ................................................................................................................................. i
Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................................... i
Disclaimer .............................................................................................................................................. i
Contents ............................................................................................................................................... ii
List of acronyms and abbreviations .................................................................................................. viii
IUCN Red List status .......................................................................................................................... viii
Site Account Map legend .................................................................................................................. viii
Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1
Objectives .................................................................................................................. 2
Methods ..................................................................................................................... 2
Definitions of IBA selection criteria .................................................................................................................................... 2
Numerical criteria for IBA listing ......................................................................................................................................... 3
Criteria for defining the IBA boundary ............................................................................................................................... 6
Limitations in data sources ................................................................................................................................................. 7
Review and comment on initial results .............................................................................................................................. 8
Results ....................................................................................................................... 8
Overview and regional maps .................................................................................... 19
Conclusion................................................................................................................ 27
Site accounts ...................................................................................... 29
South Orkney Islands ............................................................................................... 31
ANT001: Larsen Islands / Moreton Point .......................................................................................................................... 31
ANT002: Gibbon Bay, Coronation Island .......................................................................................................................... 33
ANT003: Eillium Island ...................................................................................................................................................... 34
ANT004: Weddell Islands .................................................................................................................................................. 35
ANT005: Pirie Peninsula, Laurie Island ............................................................................................................................. 36
ANT006: Ferguslie Peninsula, Laurie Island ...................................................................................................................... 37
ANT007: Watson Peninsula, Laurie Island ........................................................................................................................ 38
ANT008: Fraser Point, Laurie Island .................................................................................................................................. 39
ANT009: Buchanan Point, Laurie Island ............................................................................................................................ 40
ANT010: Ferrier Peninsula / Graptolite Island .................................................................................................................. 41
ANT011: Cape Whitson, Laurie Island .............................................................................................................................. 42
ANT012: Point Martin, Laurie Island ................................................................................................................................. 43
ANT013: Islet SW of Cape Davidson ................................................................................................................................. 44
ANT014: Cape Robertson, Laurie Island ........................................................................................................................... 45
ANT015: Southern Powell Island and adjacent islands ..................................................................................................... 46
ANT016: Atriceps Island, Robertson Islands ..................................................................................................................... 48
ANT017: Robertson Islands............................................................................................................................................... 49
ANT018: Shingle Cove ....................................................................................................................................................... 50
ANT019: Signy Island ........................................................................................................................................................ 51
ANT020: Moe Island ......................................................................................................................................................... 54
ANT021: Gosling Islands ................................................................................................................................................... 55
ANT022: Return Point / Cheal Point, Coronation Island ................................................................................................... 56

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT023: Inaccessible Islands ............................................................................................................................................ 57
South Shetland Islands ............................................................................................. 58
ANT024: Sugarloaf Island, Clarence Island ....................................................................................................................... 58
ANT025: Cape Bowles, Clarence Island ............................................................................................................................ 59
ANT026: Craggy Point, Clarence Island ............................................................................................................................. 60
ANT027: Chinstrap Cove, Clarence Island ......................................................................................................................... 61
ANT028: Seal Islands ......................................................................................................................................................... 62
ANT029: Saddleback Point, Elephant Island ..................................................................................................................... 63
ANT030: Point W of Walker Point, Elephant Island .......................................................................................................... 64
ANT031: Mount Elder, Elephant Island ............................................................................................................................ 65
ANT032: Point W of Cape Lookout, Elephant Island ........................................................................................................ 66
ANT033: Stinker Point, Elephant Island ............................................................................................................................ 68
ANT034: Gibbs Island ........................................................................................................................................................ 69
ANT035: Aspland Island / Eadie Island ............................................................................................................................. 70
ANT036: O’Brien Island ..................................................................................................................................................... 71
Stigant Point, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT054) ................................................................................................ 72
ANT037: Eastern Litwin Bay, King George Island .............................................................................................................. 73
ANT038: Tartar Island, King George Island ....................................................................................................................... 74
ANT039: Kellick Island, King George Island ....................................................................................................................... 75
ANT040: Owen Island, King George Island ....................................................................................................................... 76
ANT041: Pottinger Point, King George Island ................................................................................................................... 77
ANT042: False Round Point, King George Island .............................................................................................................. 78
ANT043: Milosz Point / Czeslaw Point, King George Island .............................................................................................. 79
ANT044: North Foreland, King George Island ................................................................................................................... 80
Cape Melville, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT063) ............................................................................................... 81
Penguin Island, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT064) ............................................................................................. 82
Lions Rump, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT065) .................................................................................................. 84
ANT045: Point Hennequin, King George Island ................................................................................................................ 85
ANT046: West Admiralty Bay, King George Island............................................................................................................ 86
ANT047: Potter Peninsula, King George Island ................................................................................................................. 88
ANT048: Ardley Island, King George Island ...................................................................................................................... 90
ANT049: Harmony Point, Nelson Island ........................................................................................................................... 92
ANT050: Heywood Island ................................................................................................................................................. 94
ANT051: Yankee Harbour, Greenwich Island.................................................................................................................... 95
ANT052: Half Moon Island ................................................................................................................................................ 96
ANT053: Barnard Point, Livingston Island ........................................................................................................................ 97
ANT054: Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island ..................................................................................................................... 98
Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island – Delisted (ex ANT046) ................................................................................................. 100
ANT055: Baily Head, Deception Island ........................................................................................................................... 101
ANT056: Vapour Col, Deception Island........................................................................................................................... 102
ANT057: Cape Wallace, Low Island................................................................................................................................. 104
ANT058: Cape Hooker, Low Island .................................................................................................................................. 105
ANT059: Cape Garry, Low Island .................................................................................................................................... 106
ANT060: Jameson Point, Low Island ............................................................................................................................... 107
Erebus and Terror Gulf ........................................................................................... 108
ANT061: Ambush Bay, Joinville Island ............................................................................................................................ 108
ANT062: Danger Islands .................................................................................................................................................. 109
ANT063: Brash Island, Danger Islands ............................................................................................................................ 111
ANT064: Earle Island, Danger Islands ............................................................................................................................. 112
ANT065: Eden Rocks ....................................................................................................................................................... 113
ANT066: Paulet Island ..................................................................................................................................................... 114
ANT067: D’Urville Monument, Joinville Island ............................................................................................................... 116
ANT068: Madder Cliffs, Joinville Island .......................................................................................................................... 117
ANT069: Snow Hill Island ................................................................................................................................................ 118
ANT070: Penguin Point, Seymour Island ........................................................................................................................ 119
ANT071: Cockburn Island................................................................................................................................................ 120

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT072: Devil Island ....................................................................................................................................................... 121
Trinity Peninsula..................................................................................................... 122
ANT073: Brown Bluff ...................................................................................................................................................... 122
ANT074: Hope Bay .......................................................................................................................................................... 123
ANT075: Gourdin Island .................................................................................................................................................. 124
ANT076: Duroch Islands.................................................................................................................................................. 125
ANT077: Tupinier Islands ................................................................................................................................................ 126
Palmer Archipelago / Danco Coast ......................................................................... 127
ANT078: Pearl Rocks ....................................................................................................................................................... 127
ANT079: Cape Wollaston, Trinity Island ......................................................................................................................... 128
ANT080: SW Trinity Island .............................................................................................................................................. 129
ANT081: Cierva Point and offshore islands .................................................................................................................... 130
ANT082: Bluff Island ....................................................................................................................................................... 132
ANT083: Cuverville Island ............................................................................................................................................... 133
ANT084: Islet E of Guépratte Island ................................................................................................................................ 135
Pursuit Point, Wiencke Island – Delisted (ex ANT011) ................................................................................................... 136
ANT085: Cormorant Island ............................................................................................................................................. 137
Arthur Harbour North – Delisted (ex ANT013) ............................................................................................................... 139
ANT086: Litchfield Island ................................................................................................................................................ 140
ANT087: Joubin Islands ................................................................................................................................................... 142
Dream Island – Delisted (ex ANT016) ............................................................................................................................. 143
ANT088: Islet S of Gerlache Island .................................................................................................................................. 144
Graham Coast ........................................................................................................ 145
ANT089: Petermann Island ............................................................................................................................................. 145
ANT090: Uruguay Island ................................................................................................................................................. 147
ANT091: Islet S of Bates Island ....................................................................................................................................... 148
ANT092: Island N of Dodman Island ............................................................................................................................... 149
ANT093: Armstrong Reef ................................................................................................................................................ 150
ANT094: Cape Evensen ................................................................................................................................................... 151
Marguerite Bay ...................................................................................................... 152
ANT095: Avian Island ...................................................................................................................................................... 152
ANT096: Ginger Islands ................................................................................................................................................... 154
ANT097: Emperor Island, Dion Islands ........................................................................................................................... 155
ANT098: Lagotellerie Island ............................................................................................................................................ 157
ANT099: Stonington Island ............................................................................................................................................. 158
Weddell Sea / Coats Land ....................................................................................... 159
ANT100: Smith Peninsula ............................................................................................................................................... 159
ANT101: NW Berkner Island (Gould Bay) ....................................................................................................................... 160
ANT102: Coalseam Cliffs / Mount Faraway .................................................................................................................... 161
ANT103: Luitpold Coast .................................................................................................................................................. 162
ANT104: Dawson-Lambton Glacier ................................................................................................................................. 163
ANT105: Brunt Ice Shelf (‘Halley Bay’) ............................................................................................................................ 164
ANT106: Stancomb-Wills Glacier .................................................................................................................................... 165
ANT107: ‘Drescher Inlet’ (Dreschereisfrontkerbe) ......................................................................................................... 166
ANT108: Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf ...................................................................................................................................... 167
ANT109: Atka Iceport ..................................................................................................................................................... 168
Lazarev Sea / Dronning Maud Land ........................................................................ 169
ANT110: Muskegbukta ................................................................................................................................................... 169
ANT111: Jutulsessen Mountain ...................................................................................................................................... 170
ANT112: Svarthamaren................................................................................................................................................... 171
ANT113: Gruber Mountains............................................................................................................................................ 172
ANT114: Princess Ragnhild Coast ................................................................................................................................... 173

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT115: Riiser-Larsen Peninsula .................................................................................................................................... 174
Enderby Land / Kemp Land .................................................................................... 175
ANT116: Mount Biscoe ................................................................................................................................................... 175
ANT117: Cape Batterbee ................................................................................................................................................ 176
ANT118: Kloa Point ......................................................................................................................................................... 177
Mac.Robertson Land .............................................................................................. 178
ANT119: Taylor Rookery ................................................................................................................................................. 178
ANT120: Gibbney Island ................................................................................................................................................. 180
ANT121: Rookery Islands ................................................................................................................................................ 181
ANT122: Klung Island / Welch Island .............................................................................................................................. 183
ANT123: Andersen Island ............................................................................................................................................... 184
ANT124: Kirton Island / Macklin Island........................................................................................................................... 185
ANT125: Auster Rookery ................................................................................................................................................ 186
ANT126: Scullin Monolith / Murray Monolith ................................................................................................................ 187
ANT127: Cape Darnley .................................................................................................................................................... 189
Princess Elizabeth Land .......................................................................................... 190
ANT128: Amanda Bay ..................................................................................................................................................... 190
ANT129: Caro Island, Rauer Islands ................................................................................................................................ 192
ANT130: Hop Island, Rauer Islands ................................................................................................................................. 193
ANT131: Filla Island, Rauer Islands ................................................................................................................................. 195
ANT132: Kazak Island / Zolotov Island ............................................................................................................................ 196
ANT133: Unnamed island at Donskiye Islands ............................................................................................................... 197
ANT134: Warriner Island, Donskiye Islands .................................................................................................................... 198
ANT135: Gardner Island.................................................................................................................................................. 199
ANT136: Magnetic Island and nearby islands ................................................................................................................. 200
ANT137: Lucas Island ...................................................................................................................................................... 202
ANT138: Rookery Lake / W Long Peninsula .................................................................................................................... 203
ANT139: Tryne Islands .................................................................................................................................................... 204
ANT140: West Ice Shelf .................................................................................................................................................. 205
Queen Mary Land ................................................................................................... 206
ANT141: Haswell Island .................................................................................................................................................. 206
ANT142: Shackleton Ice Shelf ......................................................................................................................................... 209
Wilkes Land ............................................................................................................ 210
ANT143: Peterson Island ................................................................................................................................................ 210
ANT144: Holl Island / O’Connor Island ........................................................................................................................... 212
ANT145: Ardery Island / Odbert Island ........................................................................................................................... 214
ANT146: Shirley Island / Beall Island .............................................................................................................................. 216
ANT147: Clark Peninsula ................................................................................................................................................. 218
ANT148: Berkley Island / Cameron Island ...................................................................................................................... 219
Terre Adélie ........................................................................................................... 220
ANT149: Dibble Glacier ................................................................................................................................................... 220
ANT150: Pointe Géologie ................................................................................................................................................ 221
ANT151: Cape Bienvenue ............................................................................................................................................... 223
ANT152: Cape Jules......................................................................................................................................................... 224
ANT153: Île des Manchots / Empereur Island ................................................................................................................ 225
ANT154: Curzon Islands .................................................................................................................................................. 226
George V Land ........................................................................................................ 227
ANT155: Cape Hunter ..................................................................................................................................................... 227
ANT156: MacKellar Islands ............................................................................................................................................. 228
ANT157: Cape Denison ................................................................................................................................................... 229
ANT158: Way Archipelago .............................................................................................................................................. 231

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ANT159: Cape Pigeon Rocks ........................................................................................................................................... 233
ANT160: Mertz Glacier ................................................................................................................................................... 234
Oates Land ............................................................................................................. 235
ANT161: Kartografov Island / Mount Archer .................................................................................................................. 235
ANT162: Arthurson Ridge ............................................................................................................................................... 236
Balleny Islands ........................................................................................................ 237
ANT163: Sturge Island .................................................................................................................................................... 237
Northern Victoria Land ........................................................................................... 239
ANT164: Duke of York Island .......................................................................................................................................... 239
ANT165: Cape Adare ....................................................................................................................................................... 240
ANT166: Downshire Cliffs ............................................................................................................................................... 242
ANT167: Possession Island ............................................................................................................................................. 243
ANT168: Foyn Island ....................................................................................................................................................... 244
ANT169: Cape Roget ....................................................................................................................................................... 245
ANT170: Seabee Hook, Cape Hallett .............................................................................................................................. 246
ANT171: Cotter Cliffs ...................................................................................................................................................... 248
ANT172: Mandible Cirque .............................................................................................................................................. 249
ANT173: Cape Wadworth, Coulman Island .................................................................................................................... 250
ANT174: Cape Main, Coulman Island ............................................................................................................................. 251
Wood Bay / Terra Nova Bay ................................................................................... 252
ANT175: Edmonson Point ............................................................................................................................................... 252
ANT176: Cape Washington ............................................................................................................................................. 254
ANT177: Adélie Cove ...................................................................................................................................................... 256
ANT178: Inexpressible Island .......................................................................................................................................... 257
Southern Victoria Land ........................................................................................... 258
ANT179: Depot Island ..................................................................................................................................................... 258
ANT180: Gregory Island .................................................................................................................................................. 259
ANT181: Dunlop Island ................................................................................................................................................... 260
ANT182: Blue Glacier to Cape Chocolate ........................................................................................................................ 261
ANT183: Dailey Islands ................................................................................................................................................... 262
Ross Island / southern Ross Sea ............................................................................. 263
ANT184: Rocky Point, Ross Island ................................................................................................................................... 263
ANT185: McDonald Beach, Cape Bird ............................................................................................................................. 264
ANT186: Caughley Beach, Cape Bird .............................................................................................................................. 266
ANT187: Cape Crozier, Ross Island ................................................................................................................................. 268
ANT188: Beaufort Island ................................................................................................................................................. 270
ANT189: Bernacchi Head, Franklin Island ....................................................................................................................... 272
ANT190: SW Franklin Island ............................................................................................................................................ 273
Marie Byrd Land / Amundsen Sea .......................................................................... 274
ANT191: Cape Colbeck .................................................................................................................................................... 274
ANT192: Mount Paterson ............................................................................................................................................... 275
ANT193: Worley Point, Shepard Island........................................................................................................................... 276
ANT194: Mathewson Point, Shepard Island ................................................................................................................... 277
ANT195: Maher Island .................................................................................................................................................... 278
ANT196: Thurston Glacier ............................................................................................................................................... 279
ANT197: Hummer Point, Bear Peninsula ........................................................................................................................ 280
ANT198: Brownson Islands ............................................................................................................................................. 281
ANT199: Edwards Islands ............................................................................................................................................... 282
ANT200: Schaefer Islands ............................................................................................................................................... 283
ANT201: Lindsey Islands ................................................................................................................................................. 284

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Ellsworth Land / Bellingshausen Sea ...................................................................... 285
ANT202: Sikorski Glacier, Noville Peninsula ................................................................................................................... 285
ANT203: Sims Island ....................................................................................................................................................... 286
ANT204: Scorseby Head, Smyley Island .......................................................................................................................... 287
Online resources .................................................................................................... 289
Protected and Managed Area Management Plans ................................................. 291
Map references ...................................................................................................... 292
References ............................................................................................................. 293

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List of acronyms and abbreviations
ACAP
Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels
ADD
Antarctic Digital Database
ASPA
Antarctic Specially Protected Area
ASMA
Antarctic Specially Managed Area
ASI
Antarctic Site Inventory
ATS
Antarctic Treaty System
ATCM
Antarctic Treaty Consultative Meeting
CCAMLR
Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources
CEMP
CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Programme
CI
Confidence Interval
COMNAP
Council of Managers of National Antarctic Programs
ERA
Environmental Research & Assessment
IAATO
International Association of Antarctica Tour Operators
IBA
Important Bird Area
IUCN
International Union for Conservation of Nature
NOAA
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
SCAR
Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
IUCN Red List status
NE
Not Evaluated
DD
Data Deficient
LC
Least Concern
NT
Near Threatened
VU
Vulnerable
EN
Endangered
CR
Critically Endangered
EW
Extinct in the Wild
EX
Extinct
Site Account Map legend

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Introduction
Identifying those areas of Antarctica that are most important for birds has its roots in efforts to compile data on the
distribution and abundance of Antarctic bird species initiated by the Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research
(SCAR) Bird Biology Sub-Committee as early as the 1980s, then Chaired by John Croxall. Around the same time,
BirdLife International established the Important Bird Area (IBA)
1
programme to provide a means of identifying sites of
international conservation significance for the world’s birds. To achieve this, BirdLife International has worked closely
with organisations and individuals in the countries concerned. It was natural, therefore, that in the 1990s BirdLife
International and SCAR formed a collaboration to compile an IBA inventory for Antarctica. This was initiated at the
XXV SCAR Meeting in Concepción, Chile in 1998. Criteria for selection appropriate to Antarctica were agreed at the
next meeting held in 2000 in Tokyo, Japan, based on IBA designation criteria established by BirdLife and used
elsewhere in the world. SCAR and BirdLife International then held workshops on IBAs in Jena, Germany, in 2002 and in
Texel, The Netherlands in 2004, and an initial list of IBAs was identified, which was reappraised by Fijn (2005).
After a gap of several years and with support from the United Kingdom, the initiative was renewed in 2010 to develop
a definitive list for the Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetland Islands and South Orkney Islands, which was published in
2011 (Harris et al. 2011). This study identified 101 sites that met the BirdLife / SCAR IBA selection criteria (see
definitions of IBA criteria below), and full details were published on the Data Zone of the BirdLife web site, from where
this report can also be downloaded.
With further support from the Governments of Australia, New Zealand, Norway and the United States, and the Pew
Charitable Trusts and British Birdwatching Fair 2014, the analysis was extended to include the remainder of Antarctica
over 2013-15. First, global population estimates for each species, which determine the thresholds at which a site
qualifies as an IBA, were reviewed and updated (Table 1). Drawing predominantly on peer-reviewed literature, in
some cases supplemented by unpublished data made available by the science community and personal
communications, breeding colony data were then analysed to identify those that meet the criteria, including a spatial
analysis to assess where the criterion of 10 000 seabird pairs present within a defined areal unit was met.
The analysis proceeded on a regional basis, circulating initial results to specialists working in these regions for review
and comment. As a result, revisions were made and the results for each region were then combined into a
consolidated list for the whole of Antarctica. This list proposed 205 IBAs, and was circulated for further comment to
more than 90 Antarctic bird scientists world-wide. Following a final round of consultation, the list was revised to give a
total of 204 IBAs.
There are no definitive rules to determine the spatial extent of an IBA, and therefore no clear guidance on how to
aggregate the breeding site data that determine whether an area meets the IBA selection criteria (Harris et al. 2011).
A problem that arises in this context is known as the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem, which is a recognised difficulty in
spatial analysis that arises when "the areal units … used in …geographical studies are arbitrary, modifiable, and subject
to the whims and fancies of whoever is doing, or did, the aggregating" (Openshaw 1984). That is, results can be
influenced by the particular choice of spatial unit used. Therefore Environmental Research & Assessment (ERA)
developed a method based on a grid-analysis which serves as a more objective approach for the identification of
breeding site IBAs. Specifically, after extensive analyses undertaken to determine breeding site IBAs in the Antarctic
Peninsula region (Harris et al. 2011), the method employed identified an IBA where:
1. The count at an individual colony meets or exceeds the population thresholds set by BirdLife International for
any of the species present at a site for any of the IBA criteria;
2. The result of summing the count at an individual colony for one or more species contained within a 5 km
2
area,
or breeding on a landmass ≤ 5 km
2
, exceeds the numeric threshold for criterion A4iii;
3. Individual colonies have been defined in accordance with the definitions given in the source data.
1
In 2013, BirdLife International renamed the ‘Important Bird Area’ programme as the ‘Important Bird and Biodiversity Area’ programme (while
retaining the acronym IBA) in order to reflect the way in which IBAs frequently capture much other significant biodiversity. However, the original
name is retained here to avoid complications arising from the change of name in the final stages of the completion of this inventory.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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The analysis has now been extended to include population data available for the breeding bird species listed in Table 1
for the whole of Antarctica south of 60° S. Data are relatively complete for the penguins, although are patchy and
incomplete for other species, reflecting to some degree the ease with which different species may be counted. Recent
advances in remote sensing platforms and methods have, for the first time, enabled global, synoptic estimates of
numbers for Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) (Fretwell et al. 2012) and Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)
(Lynch & LaRue 2014), although similar analyses for other species (e.g. Chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) and Gentoo
(Pygoscelis papua) penguins) have yet to be completed, and for some species may prove elusive owing to the
difficulties of detecting clear breeding site spectral signatures because of their nesting habits (e.g. burrowing or widely
spaced).
It should be noted that at this stage the IBA assessment has been made for breeding sites only, and the wider marine
foraging areas of birds remain to be addressed. Consideration of the marine component of IBAs is vital, although is
more complex (e.g. including factors such as foraging ecology, breeding colony sizes, physical oceanography, sea ice,
prey species distributions, productivity etc.) and for practical reasons this report first gives attention to breeding sites;
it is intended that assessment of the marine components will follow as quickly as possible.
Objectives
The aim of this study is to compile a revised and updated list of IBAs for Antarctica south of 60° S based on best
available breeding site data for the species listed in Table 1.
Methods
ERA applied the same methodology that was used in the previous study to identify IBAs on the Antarctic Peninsula,
South Shetland and South Orkney Islands (Harris et al. 2011). In this study, sites were evaluated on the basis of
whether individual colonies (as identified in source data) met the thresholds for IBA listing using the selection criteria
elaborated below. In addition, to determine whether a site, or sites, met the A4iii criterion of 10 000 seabird pairs
present within a specific spatial area, concentrations of seabirds were analysed using a 5 km
2
grid overlay method. The
predefined regular 5 km
2
grid was overlaid onto colony centroids for each bird species and the numbers of breeding
pairs within each grid cell was then summed. The results were then used to identify grid cells within which the number
of breeding pairs for all species present exceeded the A4iii population threshold of 10 000 pairs. When the criteria
were met, the site qualified as an IBA, and its spatial extent was then determined using the rules to define the IBA
boundary as summarised below.
Definitions of IBA selection criteria
The global (Level A) IBA criteria are used to identify IBAs in this report. These criteria were standardised for global
application following extensive consultation amongst experts in the BirdLife International Partnership and related
fields (Fishpool & Evans 2001). In some parts of the world additional criteria based on less stringent thresholds are
used to identify IBAs of regional significance, although these have not been used in Antarctica.
The following definitions of the IBA selection criteria are based on Fishpool & Evans (2001):
A1: Globally threatened species.
“The site is known or thought regularly to hold significant numbers of a globally threatened species, or other species
of global conservation concern”.
The site qualifies if it is known, estimated or thought to hold a population of a species categorized by the IUCN Red
List as Critically Endangered (CR), Endangered (EN) or Vulnerable (VU). In general, the regular presence of a CR or EN
species, irrespective of population size, at a site may be sufficient for a site to qualify as an IBA. For VU species, the
presence of more than threshold numbers at a site is necessary to trigger selection. The site may also qualify if it holds
more than threshold numbers of species in the Near Threatened (NT) category. Thresholds are set regionally, often on
a species by species basis.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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A2: Restricted range species.
“The site is known or thought to hold a significant component of a group of species whose breeding distributions
define an Endemic Bird Area (EBA) or a Secondary Area.”
A3: Biome-restricted assemblages.
“The site is known or thought to hold a significant component of the group of species whose distributions are largely
or wholly confined to one biome.”
A4: Globally important congregations.
A4i: “The site is known or thought to hold, on a regular basis, 1% or more of a biogeographic population of a
congregatory waterbird species.”
A4ii: “The site is known or thought to hold, on a regular basis, 1% or more of the global population of a congregatory
seabird or terrestrial species.”
A4iii: “The site is known or thought to hold, on a regular basis, at least 20 000 waterbirds, or at least 10 000 pairs of
seabirds, of one or more species.”
A4iv: “The site is known or thought to be a bottleneck site where at least 20 000 pelicans and / or storks and / or
raptors and/ or cranes pass regularly during spring and / or autumn migration.”
Criteria A2, A3 and A4iv are not relevant to the avifauna of Antarctica and so have not been used in this analysis.
Numerical criteria for IBA listing
Final identification of the IBAs requires definition of two main factors:
1. The number of birds breeding at each site by species, and whether these exceed the relevant IBA selection
thresholds; and
2. The spatial extent of the site, or boundary of the IBA.
Specifically, the method employed identified an IBA by following the three methodological steps used by Harris et al.
(2011) as set out in the Introduction (see foot of p.1).
The count for each site is based on totals given in source data for individual colonies. These colonies are represented
within the database as points with an associated count. In some cases individual colonies are well-known and defined
within a specific location, while in others both the numbers and the spatial delineation of the colony are only poorly
defined. In some cases the spatial extent of the colony is unknown. Occasionally, populations have been estimated
over a number of colonies which may be widely separated (e.g. by up to tens of kilometres), although only a total for
the area is given in the source data.
Thus, in many cases data on numbers have been pre-aggregated at source, and there is no means to disaggregate
according to specific colonies without access to original source data. Where possible, the presence, location and
extent of colonies were verified against publicly available satellite imagery, for example using online tools such as
Google Earth and Wikimapia (http://wikimapia.org). However, the quality of available imagery is highly variable, and it
was not feasible to make an independent evaluation of every site within this study and in most cases the data used
are those available from the published source.
Where specific colony boundaries are unknown, it has been assumed that the colony may be breeding on any part of
the ice-free land available at the locality where they have been reported (with the exception of Emperor Penguins, all
Antarctic birds require ice-free land on which to breed). In addition, in many cases the mapping of sites is poor and the
specific location of an outcrop or small island on which birds are breeding is poorly described or uncharted. In these
cases the location has to be estimated from available evidence, such as from reports, descriptions, maps and satellite
images.
In view of these difficulties, there was a need to define criteria for estimating the breeding area of colonies, and hence
the boundary of the IBA.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Table 1: Bird species of Antarctica included in this assessment and associated population thresholds required for IBA designation
2
Name
Latin Name
Red List
Status
IBA Criteria
Pop Threshold
(pairs)
3
Global Population
(individuals)
Global Population
(pairs)
Source
Emperor Penguin
Aptenodytes forsteri
NT
A1, A4ii
2380
238 000
Fretwell et al. 2012
Gentoo Penguin
Pygoscelis papua
NT
A1, A4ii
3900
387 000
Lynch 2012
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
NT
A1, A4ii
37 900
3 790 000
Lynch & La Rue 2014
Chinstrap Penguin
Pygoscelis antarctica
LC
A4ii
27 000
8,000,000
~2 666 667
World Bird Database, BirdLife Int.
Macaroni Penguin
Eudyptes chrysolophus
VU
A1, A4ii
1500 (A1)
63 000 (A4ii)
6 300 000
Crossin et al. 2013
Wilson’s Storm-
petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
LC
A4ii
70 000
12-30 000 000
~4-10 000 000
Brooke 2004
Black-bellied
Storm-petrel
Fregetta tropica
LC
A4ii
1600
500 000
~160 000
Brooke 2004
Light-mantled
Albatross
Phoebetria palpebrata
NT
A1, A4ii
10 (A1),
200 (A4ii)
87 000
~20 000
ACAP 2010a
Southern Giant
Petrel
Macronectes giganteus
LC
A4ii
500
~50 000
ACAP 2010b
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
LC
A4ii
10 000
1 000 000
1 000 000
Creuwels el al. 2007
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
LC
A4ii
30 000
10-20 000 000
~ 3 – 7 000 000
Brooke 2004
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
LC
A4ii
6700
2 000 000
~670 000
Brooke 2004
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
LC
A4ii
13 000
4,000,000
~1 300 000
Brooke 2004
2
Table 1 has been updated to reflect data published since the IBA assessment was completed for the Antarctic Peninsula (Harris et al. 2011). Where available data were based on estimated number of individuals, in order to
take into account juveniles in the population, this has been divided by three to give mature pairs.
3
In some cases the same species may trigger more than one IBA criterion, for which the appropriate population thresholds may differ. Thus, the threshold for triggering IBA selection for a globally threatened species under
criterion A1 may be lower than the threshold for the same species under category A4. Where A1 and A4 thresholds are identical the number given applies to both. The threshold of 10 000 pairs for category A4iii may be made
up of one or more species.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Name
Latin Name
Red List
Status
IBA Criteria
Pop Threshold
(pairs)
3
Global Population
(individuals)
Global Population
(pairs)
Source
Antarctic Prion
Pachyptila desolata
LC
A4ii
166 000
50 000 000
~16 600 000
Brooke 2004
Imperial
(Antarctic) Shag
Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis
LC
A4i
133
40 000
~13333
Waterbirds Population Estimates
IV - bransfieldensis treated as a
subsp of atriceps
Snowy (Greater)
Sheathbill
Chionis albus
LC
A4ii
100
10 000
10 000
Handbook of the Birds of the
World
Kelp Gull
Larus dominicanus
LC
A4i
140
30 – 60 000
~10-20 000
Waterbirds Population Estimates
V [Antarctic Peninsula & Atlantic
sub-Antarctic Islands]
Antarctic Tern
Sterna vittata
LC
A4i
366
110 000
~36 666
Waterbirds Population Estimates
III [S. v. gaini Antarctic Peninsula
and S Shetland Islands?]
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
LC
A4ii
50
10 000-19 999
~3000-7500
World Bird Database, BirdLife Int.
Brown Skua
Catharacta antarctica
LC
A4ii
75
10 000-19 999
~3000-7500
World Bird Database, BirdLife Int.
Seabirds (including all species of penguin,
procellariiform, sheathbill and skua)
A4iii
10 000
N/A
N/A
Waterbirds (including all species of shag, gull
and tern)
A4iii
10 000
N/A
N/A

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Criteria for defining the IBA boundary
Having identified IBAs based on population criteria, further criteria are needed to define the spatial extent of the IBA
boundary. Particular rules were defined for IBAs that coincide with existing protected areas because these are distinct,
legally agreed areas that have management plans to regulate activities within their boundaries. In the case of
Antarctic Specially Protected Areas (ASPAs), permits are required for entry. In most cases where an IBA has been
identified within an ASPA, the site has been designated at least in part because of its ornithological values.
If the IBA occurs within an Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA):
1. The boundary of the ASPA is used to define the IBA boundary.
If the IBA occurs within an Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA):
1. Where the IBA occurs within a management zone designated by the ASMA, the boundary of the management
zone is used to define the IBA boundary. For example, a number of Restricted Zones within ASMA No. 7 Palmer
Basin and SW Anvers Island are identified as IBAs and the zone boundaries are used to define the IBA boundary.
2. Where the IBA occurs on distinct islands and one or more islands are contained within designated management
zones, the IBA boundary is defined by the boundary of the management zones joined using the shortest
practical perimeter.
If the IBA occurs outside of an ASPA or management zone within an ASMA:
1. Where data for birds triggering an IBA have been pre-aggregated over distinct islands, ice-free areas or a
combination of ice-free areas and offshore islands and rocks, covering a total land area of >5 km
2
, the IBA
boundary is drawn using the shortest perimeter such that all land areas over which data are aggregated are
incorporated into the IBA, adjusting the perimeter where appropriate so that it is follows the land coastline
and/or limit of the ice-free areas where these features fall inside the area bounded by the shortest perimeter.
2. Where a breeding site triggering an IBA is located on a feature not present in the SCAR Antarctic Digital
Database (v 6.0) base map, where practical an approximation of that feature was digitised onto the map from
satellite imagery, and where this was not possible a circular limit with a 1.26 km radius around the point
marking the breeding site centroid is used to define the IBA boundary (i.e. 5 km
2
);
3. Where birds triggering an IBA are known or thought to breed on an island of ≤5 km
2
, the island coastline is used
to define the IBA boundary;
4. Where birds triggering an IBA are known or thought to breed on distinct islands within an island group and the
island group covers a land area of ≤5 km
2
, the IBA boundary is drawn using the shortest perimeter such that all
islands within the group are incorporated into the IBA, adjusting the perimeter where appropriate so that it
follows the island coastline. Note: where birds triggering an IBA breed both within an island group and on land
outside of the island group, and the total land area for the island group + outside islands containing breeding
birds covers ≤5 km
2
, the island group and the islands containing breeding birds outside the island group will be
included in the IBA;
5. Where birds triggering an IBA are known or thought to breed on distinct ice-free areas with a contained
geographic area and the ice-free areas covers a land area of ≤5 km
2
, the IBA boundary is drawn using the
shortest perimeter such that all ice-free areas on which birds breed are incorporated into the IBA, adjusting the
perimeter where appropriate so that it follows the coastline or limit of an ice-free area;
6. Where an IBA centroid is located on an ice-covered area on an island or other landmass that is >5 km
2
, the limit
of a 1.26 km radius around the IBA centroid, clipped to both the land coastline and the limit of the ice-free area,
is used to define the IBA boundary.
7. Where two or more IBAs identified by the source data were less than 500 m in distance apart, these sites were
assigned to belong within a single IBA comprising all sites.
It is recognised that the criteria used can result in clusters of IBAs within ‘close’ proximity. It would be entirely possible
to vary the minimum separation distance between IBAs to obtain an alternative result, for example by merging those
sites that are less than 1 km, or perhaps 10 or 20 km apart. Clearly, this would result in fewer, although larger IBAs. It
is acknowledged that the 500 m threshold used for merging sites is arbitrary. The approach taken seeks to preserve, as
far as practicable, the results offered given the resolution of the source data, and to minimise merging. However,
where two or more IBAs had been identified less than 500 m apart, there seemed little practical benefit to defining

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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the sites separately. Practical management of the sites, should it be required, would most likely need to consider such
adjacent sites as a unit. We have attempted to represent the source data as faithfully as possible, while being
pragmatic, although it is recognised that other minimum separation distances could be used.
If evidence emerges that supports the case to group identified IBAs into larger units based on alternative criteria, then
the analysis could be re-run to reflect the best scientific case for appropriate spatial units. For example, evidence for
merging IBAs may appear from new studies being conducted on the genetic similarities of spatially distributed
populations of the same species (T. Hart pers. comm. 2011), and further studies on foraging ranges and identified
feeding grounds out to sea, as opposed to concentrating on breeding localities, may inform alternative spatial
configurations for Antarctic IBAs in the future. For the moment, however, there remains insufficient data on which to
base such alternative configurations across the whole of the Antarctic, and there further research is needed before a
practical set of IBAs boundaries could be defined that take such factors into account.
It should be noted that Emperor Penguins are less philopatric than land-breeding Antarctic birds, as their breeding
areas are dependent on sea-ice conditions in a given season, and may also be affected by major events such as glacier
calving, ice shelf cracking, or the movement of large icebergs, which can substantially alter customary breeding sites.
Thus, while the birds return to the same general areas to breed, these may vary by several to dozens of km over time.
Moreover, the size and position of breeding areas often vary throughout the season, and these may sub-divide into a
number of sub-colonies. However, available data show that colonies tend to re-occupy the same general locations on
a regular basis, and as such their presence at the sites identified is reasonably predictable. The spatial representation
of IBAs for Emperor Penguin breeding sites is intended as an approximation based on available data, and it is
recognised that actual breeding sites will vary in both size and position from year to year and within any given season.
Limitations in data sources
Recent assessments for several species using remote sensing (e.g. Barber-Meyer et al. 2007; Fretwell et al. 2012;
Schwaller et al. 2013; Lynch & LaRue 2014; Lynch & Schwaller 2014) offer a more complete, recent and synoptic view
of the status of Antarctic bird populations, in particular for penguins. Numerous colonies previously unknown have
been identified, some of which appear to comprise tens of thousands of breeding pairs. These studies have
significantly expanded our knowledge of the abundance and distribution of penguins, and this helps inform our view
of their conservation status. However, it should be noted that these techniques are relatively new, and results remain
subject to considerable margins of error compared to traditional nest counts made on the ground. Despite the
weaknesses apparent in the techniques, remote sensing remains the only practical means to gather data on a synoptic
scale for so many remote colonies, many of which are rarely, if ever, visited. In addition, remote sensing resolution,
image quality and processing techniques are improving rapidly, and it is anticipated that results will continue to
become more reliable. The technique offers great promise to become an increasingly important monitoring tool for
several penguin species. For these reasons, recent remote sensing studies have been utilised extensively in the IBA
assessment, and in some cases these are the only data available. However, the potential for considerable error to be
present in results from remote sensing is acknowledged. Therefore, where specific Confidence Intervals (CIs) are
available in the published sources, these have been presented along with the mean population count.
In general, counts presented in this report have been drawn direct from original sources. In some cases numbers in
these sources are given to a precision down to an individual bird (e.g. 5001, as opposed to ~5000), giving a false
impression of the degree of accuracy that actually exists in the source data. In this report, numbers have been quoted
as they appear without rounding, although it is acknowledged that these source data generally do not possess
accuracies to the individual bird. This practice has been adopted to provide an ‘audit trail’ so that readers can return
to original sources and make comparisons should they wish. We have found in compiling this report that this is often
helpful to trace the origin of a particular observation, and to identify errors.
Counts presented in this report are generally given as the number of breeding pairs. One exception to this rule has
been made for Emperor Penguin counts given in the study by Fretwell et al. (2012), who reported estimates of the
number of birds present at the time of image acquisition. Imagery used in this study was mostly acquired late in the
breeding season (Oct / Nov), at a time when many adults have departed and chicks remaining have light grey plumage
that is difficult to detect against the ice background. As a result, chicks at this time are almost invisible on satellite

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 8
images at current resolutions, and adults in evidence (which are likely to comprise both males and females) are not a
particularly reliable indicator of the size of the breeding population that was present earlier in the season (B.
Wienecke pers. comm. 2015). Thus, we have reported the number of birds in accordance with the data presented in
Fretwell et al. (2012), but have not presented these as ‘breeding pairs’. However, in order to determine whether a site
met the threshold of 2380 pairs (Table 1) to qualify as an IBA, the total number of birds given in Fretwell et al. (2012)
was assumed to provide a rough estimate of a minimum number of breeding pairs. In practice, it is highly likely these
are underestimates of the breeding populations at these sites for reasons given above, although for the purposes of
identifying whether or not the site qualifies as an IBA, this is currently the best estimate possible when using the
Fretwell et al. (2012) results. Because this is likely to be an underestimate, improved data would be likely to reaffirm
rather than refute IBA status, although it is recognised that considerable uncertainty remains over these results.
In this report the most reliable and recent counts available have been used for the purposes of determining whether a
site meets IBA criteria. Where several recent counts were available, for example from a ground count and from
satellite image analysis, both are presented. Where practicable, example historical data are also presented to provide
a better context against which to interpret the recent census results. In many cases, the only counts available are
those for a single year, and it is recognised that samples of this nature are subject to error because of the inter-annual
fluctuations in Antarctic bird breeding populations. In some studies, a mean colony count over a number of years has
been made, although this is the exception rather than the rule. For example, Lyver et al. (2014) calculated mean
counts for Adélie Penguin colonies in the Ross Sea over the periods for which census data were available, which varies
by colony. In other publications (e.g. Woehler 1993), census data originate from particular breeding seasons, reflecting
the size of colonies at particular points in time. Averaging census data offers the benefit of taking into account the
natural population fluctuations between years, and these results have been used where available in the current
assessment. However, where numbers are following a trend of increase or decline, the mean population may mask
the current status of a site. Some examples of where this is apparent have been noted in the report.
Review and comment on initial results
The initial draft list of IBAs prepared by SCAR in 2002 was compiled from data available at the time and through expert
judgement and a consultation process that involved several international workshops. The present analysis extended
this initial assessment by including more recent data and by undertaking a formal spatial analysis of the data to
identify IBA boundaries. In some cases, where time allowed, queries were raised with individual authors and / or data
contributors to resolve ambiguities in published data, for example over the existence, location or size of many
colonies. In addition, over the course of the present assessment drafts were distributed to a wide range of Antarctic
bird experts for review and comment with a view to identifying errors and omissions. Numerous helpful comments
were received and these have resulted in corrections and adjustments to both published and unpublished data,
sometimes allowing for finer analysis than would otherwise be possible using the published sources, especially where
source data had been spatially aggregated. Instances where this occurs have been identified in the report as
‘unpublished data’ and / or by ‘Contributor, pers. comm., Year’. While perhaps ideally more of this should be done,
there were limits to the time and budget available for the current study, and this constrained the extent to which the
authors could further investigate and verify data in original sources for every site. Several sites identified in Harris et
al. (2011) were found no longer to qualify and are shown as ‘de-listed’.
Results
The results of the analysis confirmed 204 sites in the region meet the IBA designation criteria, as listed in Table 2. Site
locations are illustrated in Maps 1 - 8. Map 1 provides an overview of the distribution of IBAs across Antarctica, while
Maps 2-8 provide more detailed regional overviews. Site descriptions, summaries of the bird data on which the
assessment was made, and site maps showing colony locations are provided in the IBA Site Accounts.
Of the IBAs that coincide with ASPAs (Table 2), 27 lie within those ASPAs that have been designated for values mainly
or at least in part related to avifauna, three encompass or coincide with ASPAs protected for reasons other than
avifauna, such as historic or terrestrial values, while a further three lie on the boundary of a marine ASPA. Two sites
that no longer qualify as IBAs are designated ASPAs. Nine IBAs lie within three ASMAs (Table 2).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Table 2: List of breeding site IBAs in Antarctica.
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
001
Larsen Islands / Moreton Point
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii),
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
100
002
Gibbon Bay, Coronation Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
096
003
Eillium Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
083
004
Weddell Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
005
Pirie Peninsula, Laurie Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
085
006
Ferguslie Peninsula, Laurie Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
086
007
Watson Peninsula, Laurie Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
087
008
Fraser Point, Laurie Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
088
009
Buchanan Point, Laurie Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
089
010
Ferrier Peninsula / Graptolite Island, Laurie
Island
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
090
011
Cape Whitson, Laurie Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
080
012
Point Martin, Laurie Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin, Chinstrap
Penguin (A4iii)
081
013
Islet SW of Cape Davidson, Laurie Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
082
014
Cape Robertson, Laurie Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
084
015
Southern Powell Island and adjacent islands
Gentoo Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Imperial Shag (A4i)
Southern Giant Petrel (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
093
111
016
Atriceps Island, Robertson Islands
Imperial Shag (A4i)
091
017
Robertson Islands
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
092
018
Shingle Cove, Coronation Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
097
019
Signy Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
Southern Giant Petrel (A4ii)
Wilson's Storm-petrel (A4ii)
Brown Skua (A4ii)
095

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 10
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
Seabirds – Adélie, Chinstrap Penguin,
Wilson’s Storm-petrel, Southern Fulmar
(A4iii)
020
Moe Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
094
109
021
Gosling Islands
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
098
022
Return Point / Cheal Point, Coronation Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
099
023
Inaccessible Islands
Southern Fulmar (A4ii)
Seabirds – Southern Fulmar (A4iii)
101
024
Sugarloaf Island, Clarence Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
079
025
Cape Bowles, Clarence Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
076
026
Craggy Point, Clarence Island
Macaroni Penguin (A1)
Southern Fulmar (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin, Southern
Fulmar (A4iii)
077
027
Chinstrap Cove, Clarence Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
078
028
Seal Islands
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
075
029
Saddleback Point, Elephant Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
072
030
Point W of Walker Point, Elephant Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
073
031
Mount Elder, Elephant Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
074
032
Point W of Cape Lookout, Elephant Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
070
033
Stinker Point, Elephant Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
071
034
Gibbs Island
Macaroni Penguin (A1)
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Southern Fulmar (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
069
035
Aspland Island / Eadie Island
Southern Fulmar (A4ii)
Seabirds – Southern Fulmar, Chinstrap
Penguin (A4iii)
067
036
O'Brien Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
068
Stigant Point, King George Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
054
delisted

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 11
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
037
Eastern Litwin Bay, King George Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
055
038
Tartar Island, King George Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
056
039
Kellick Island, King George Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
057
040
Owen Island, King George Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
058
041
Pottinger Point, King George Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
059
042
False Round Point, King George Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
060
043
Milosz Point / Czeslaw Point, King George
Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
061
044
North Foreland, King George Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
062
Cape Melville, King George Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
063
delisted
Penguin Island, King George Island
Southern Giant Petrel (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie & Chinstrap Penguin
(A4iii)
064
delisted
Lions Rump, King George Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
065
151
delisted
045
Point Hennequin, King George Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
001
046
West Admiralty Bay, King George Island
Gentoo Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie, Chinstrap & Gentoo
Penguin (A4iii)
066
128
001
047
Potter Peninsula, King George Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
052
132
048
Ardley Island, King George Island
Gentoo Penguin (A1, A4ii)
053
150
049
Harmony Point, Nelson Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Snowy Sheathbill (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
051
133
050
Heywood Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
050
051
Yankee Harbour, Greenwich Island
Gentoo Penguin (A1, A4ii)
049
052
Half Moon Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
048
053
Barnard Point, Livingston Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
047
054
Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island
Antarctic tern (A4i)
Kelp Gull (A4i)
045
126

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 12
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
046
149
delisted
055
Baily Head, Deception Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
044
004
056
Vapour Col, Deception Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
043
004
057
Cape Wallace, Low Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
041
ASPA 152 protects adjacent marine area
058
Cape Hooker, Low Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
042
059
Cape Garry, Low Island
Chinstrap Penguin (A4ii)
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
039
ASPA 152 protects adjacent marine area
060
Jameson Point, Low Island
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
040
ASPA 152 protects adjacent marine area
061
Ambush Bay, Joinville Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
062
Danger Islands
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
036
063
Brash Island, Danger Islands
Pygoscelis Penguin (A1(?), A4ii)
Seabirds – Pygoscelis Penguin (A4iii)
064
Earle Island, Danger Islands
Seabirds – Pygoscelis Penguin (A4iii)
065
Eden Rocks
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
035
066
Paulet Island
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Imperial Shag (A4i)
Seabirds - Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
034
067
D'Urville Monument, Joinville Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
037
068
Madder Cliffs, Joinville Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
038
069
Snow Hill Island
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
030
070
Penguin Point, Seymour Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
031
071
Cockburn Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
032
072
Devil Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
033
073
Brown Bluff
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
029
074
Hope Bay
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
028
075
Gourdin Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
027

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 13
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
076
Duroch Islands
Seabirds – Adélie, Chinstrap & Gentoo
Penguin (A4iii)
026
077
Tupinier Islands
Seabirds – Chinstrap Penguin (A4iii)
025
078
Pearl Rocks
Imperial Shag (A4i)
024
079
Cape Wollaston, Trinity Island
Southern Fulmar (A4ii)
Seabirds – Southern Fulmar (A4iii)
023
080
SW Trinity Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
022
081
Cierva Point & offshore islands
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
021
134
082
Bluff Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
020
083
Cuverville Island
Gentoo Penguin (A1, A4ii)
018
084
Islet E of Guépratte Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
019
Pursuit Point
Imperial Shag (A4i)
011
delisted
085
Cormorant Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
012
007
Arthur Harbor North
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
013
007
delisted
086
Litchfield Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
014
113
007
087
Joubin Islands
Imperial Shag (A4i)
015
007
Dream Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
016
007
delisted
088
Islet S of Gerlache Island
Gentoo Penguin (A1, A4ii)
017
007
089
Petermann Island
Gentoo Penguin (A1, A4ii)
010
090
Uruguay Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
009
091
Islet S of Bates Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
008
092
Island N of Dodman Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
006
093
Armstrong Reef
Imperial Shag (A4i)
007
094
Cape Evensen
Imperial Shag (A4i)
005
095
Avian Island
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Imperial Shag (A4i)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
003
117
096
Ginger Islands
Imperial Shag (A4i)
004
097
Emperor Island, Dion Islands
Imperial Shag (A4i)
002
107
098
Lagotellerie Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
115
099
Stonington Island
Imperial Shag (A4i)
001

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 14
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
100
Smith Peninsula
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
101
NW Berkner Island (Gould Bay)
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
102
Coalseam Cliffs / Mount Faraway
Seabirds – Antarctic Petrel (A4iii)
103
Luitpold Coast
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
104
Dawson-Lambton Glacier
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
105
Brunt Ice Shelf (‘Halley Bay’)
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Emperor Penguin (A4iii)
106
Stancomb-Wills Glacier
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
107
‘Drescher Inlet’ (Dreschereisfrontkerbe)
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
108
Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
109
Atka Iceport
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
110
Muskegbukta
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
111
Jutulsessen Mountain
Antarctic Petrel (A4ii)
Seabirds – Antarctic Petrel (A4iii)
112
Svarthamaren
Antarctic Petrel (A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Antarctic Petrel (A4iii)
142
113
Gruber Mountains
Seabirds – Snow Petrel (A4iii)
114
Princess Ragnhild Coast
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
115
Riiser-Larsen Peninsula
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
116
Mount Biscoe
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
117
Cape Batterbee
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
118
Kloa Point
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
119
Taylor Rookery
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
101
120
Gibbney Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
121
Rookery Islands
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
102
122
Klung Island / Welch Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
123
Andersen Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
124
Kirton Island / Macklin Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
125
Auster Rookery
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
126
Scullin Monolith / Murray Monolith
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
164

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 15
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
Antarctic Petrel (A4ii)
Seabirds – Antarctic Petrel (A4iii)
127
Cape Darnley
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
128
Amanda Bay
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
169
129
Caro Island, Rauer Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
130
Hop Island, Rauer Islands
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
131
Filla Island, Rauer Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
132
Kazak Island / Zolotov Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
133
Unnamed island at Donskiye Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
134
Warriner Island, Donskiye Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
135
Gardner Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
136
Magnetic Island and nearby islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
137
Lucas Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
138
Rookery Lake / W Long Peninsula
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
139
Tryne Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
140
West Ice Shelf
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
141
Haswell Island
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
127
142
Shackleton Ice Shelf
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
143
Peterson Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
144
Holl Island / O'Connor Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
145
Ardery Island / Odbert Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin, Southern
Fulmar (A4iii)
103
146
Shirley Island / Beall Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
147
Clark Peninsula
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
136
148
Berkley Island / Cameron Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
149
Dibble Glacier
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Emperor Penguin (A4iii)
150
Pointe Géologie
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
120

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 16
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
151
Cape Bienvenue
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
152
Cape Jules
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
153
Île des Manchots / Empereur Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
166
ASPA protects historic features
154
Curzon Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
155
Cape Hunter
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin, Antarctic
Petrel (A4iii)
156
MacKellar Islands
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
157
Cape Denison
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
162
ASPA protects historic features,
avifauna and other environmental
values
158
Way Archipelago
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
159
Cape Pigeon Rocks
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
160
Mertz Glacier
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
161
Kartografov Island / Mount Archer
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
162
Arthurson Ridge
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
163
Sturge Island
Southern Fulmar (A4ii)
Seabirds – Southern Fulmar (A4iii)
164
Duke of York Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
165
Cape Adare
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
159
ASPA protects historic features
166
Downshire Cliffs
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
167
Possession Island
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
168
Foyn Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
169
Cape Roget
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
170
Seabee Hook, Cape Hallett
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
106

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 17
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
171
Cotter Cliffs
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
172
Mandible Cirque
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
173
Cape Wadworth, Coulman Island
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Emperor Penguin (A4iii)
174
Cape Main, Coulman Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
175
Edmonson Point
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
165
176
Cape Washington
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Emperor Penguin (A4iii)
173
177
Adélie Cove
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
178
Inexpressible Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
179
Depot Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
180
Gregory Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
181
Dunlop Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
182
Blue Glacier to Cape Chocolate
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
002
183
Dailey Islands
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
184
Rocky Point, Ross Island
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
185
Macdonald Beach, Cape Bird
South Polar Skua (A4ii),
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
186
Caughley Beach, Cape Bird
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
116
ASPA protects terrestrial ecology
187
Cape Crozier, Ross Island
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
124
188
Beaufort Island
Adélie Penguin (A1,A4ii)
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
105
189
Bernacchi Head, Franklin Island
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
190
SW Franklin Island
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 18
IBA No.
Location
Trigger species
(IBA criteria)
Former
IBA No.
(2011)
ASPA
No.
ASMA
No.
Comment
South Polar Skua (A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
191
Cape Colbeck
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Emperor Penguin (A4iii)
192
Mount Paterson
Seabirds – Antarctic Petrel (A4iii)
193
Worley Point, Shepard Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
194
Mathewson Point, Shepard Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
195
Maher Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
196
Thurston Glacier
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
197
Hummer Point, Bear Peninsula
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
198
Brownson Islands
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
199
Edwards Islands
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
200
Schaefer Islands
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
201
Lindsey Islands
Adélie Penguin (A1, A4ii)
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
202
Sikorski Glacier, Noville Peninsula
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)
203
Sims Island
Seabirds – Adélie Penguin (A4iii)
204
Scorseby Head, Smyley Island
Emperor Penguin (A1, A4ii)

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 19
Overview and regional maps
Map 1 provides an overview of Important Bird Areas (IBAs) in Antarctica identified on the basis of breeding site data
against the BirdLife International / SCAR agreed criteria. The numbering system commences in the South Orkney
Islands (at ANT001), proceeds southward through the South Shetland Islands and further south along the Antarctic
Peninsula to Marguerite Bay, and thence from the Weddell Sea (at ANT100) in a clockwise direction around to the
Bellingshausen Sea (at ANT204), with the indicative numbering shown. Following maps (Maps 2 – 8) provide more
detail, illustrating the distribution of IBAs across Antarctica on a regional basis with a series of more local insets. Local
maps showing the IBA boundaries are presented in the Site Accounts.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 20

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 27
Conclusion
The list of IBAs presented in this report identifies 204 breeding sites that meet the global IBA criteria in Antarctica. The
following Site Accounts describe for each IBA the bird species present and their numbers, key features of the local
environment, other wildlife present, potential conservation issues, and provides references to further data and
descriptions. The Site Accounts include maps showing the IBA boundaries in their local context, including prominent
physical features, nearby research stations, and protected areas in the vicinity.
Birds in Antarctica are subjected to a range of local and global threats to their health and survival, including direct
disturbance to breeding by visitors, disturbance by aircraft or vehicles, accumulation of pollutants, exposure to
hydrocarbon pollution as a result of both minor and major spills (Penhale et al. 1997), ingestion of or fouling by
marine debris discarded in the Southern Ocean or further afield, competition for prey from fisheries, accidental by-
catch on fishing lines or in nets, introduction of disease from other parts of the world (e.g. fowl cholera), and from
large-scale changes to ecosystems as a result of global environmental change.
Climate change may constitute the greatest threat to avifauna in the region, and has potential to pervade the entire
region. The western Antarctic Peninsula has experienced a rapid increase in temperatures since the 1940s (Smith et al.
1996), resulting in a loss of sea ice in this region and changes in ecosystem structure, affecting Adélie Penguins and
other species that depend on the presence of sea ice (Ducklow et al. 2007). For example, Adélie colony sizes on the
western Antarctic Peninsula have reduced significantly over the last 30 years, possibly linked to a warming climate
causing sea ice loss, as well as reduced prey availability and changes in snow accumulation rates (Emslie et al. 1998;
McClintock et al. 2008; Trivelpiece & Fraser 1996). However, there is some evidence that changes in climate may be
having a positive effect on other species, e.g. a southward expansion of the Gentoo Penguin breeding range in the
Anvers Island area (Emslie et al. 1998), while elsewhere in parts of East Antarctica and the Ross Sea the extent of sea
ice and Adélie Penguin numbers seem to be increasing (Lynch & LaRue 2014; Lyver et al. 2014), while Emperor
Penguins may be stable in some regions (Barber-Mayer et al. 2008) and declining in others (Barbraud et al. 2011).
The purpose of this IBA assessment has not, however, been to investigate – much less to explain – the pressures and
changes to which Antarctic birds are subject. Suffice to say that these cumulative pressures pose a significant
challenge to Antarctic birds. Rather, the intention is to draw attention to those sites in Antarctica that, according to
best available data, possess breeding colonies of birds in such numbers that they qualify as IBAs according to the
standard methodology developed and customised by BirdLife International in collaboration with SCAR.
The Important Bird Area programme was originally established by BirdLife International more than 35 years ago to
provide a means of identifying sites of international conservation significance for the world’s birds. To date more than
12 000 IBAs covering over 200 countries have been documented and delineated globally. To achieve this, BirdLife
International worked closely with organisations and individuals in the countries concerned, resulting in publication of
seven continental or regional IBA inventories and over 130 national or sub-national directories. Collectively, IBAs now
cover ~5.2% of the world’s land surface. All data are held in BirdLife’s dedicated World Bird Database and further
information is available through the Data Zone of the BirdLife website (http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/site).
All sites documented in these works were identified using a standardized set of data-driven criteria and thresholds.
These ensure a consistent approach worldwide. The four criteria are based upon the confirmed regular presence at
sites of more than threshold numbers of globally threatened species, groups of species of restricted range, species
assemblages confined to a single biome and congregations of one or more species. These criteria have been used
successfully over the past three decades and have proved remarkably effective and versatile in all environments
where they have been applied.
Continental Antarctica, together with offshore island groups such as the South Shetland, South Orkney and Balleny
islands, represented a significant gap in the global coverage of IBAs in the terrestrial environment. The current study
has, for the first time, assembled and analysed available data on the avifauna of Antarctica according to the standard
IBA criteria to identify and describe those sites that possess characteristics that indicate they are of particular
importance to species conservation.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 28

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 29
Important Bird Areas in Antarctica
Site accounts

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 30

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 31
South Orkney Islands
ANT001: Larsen Islands / Moreton Point
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
46°03' W, 60°36' S
Area
1580 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Larsen Islands and Moreton Point lie along the western
coast of Coronation Island. The Larsen Islands comprise Spine
Island, Nicolas Rocks and Monroe Island, the latter being the
largest in the group. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colonies present and
the high concentration of seabirds (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin and Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides)). The IBA
includes the ice-free area at Moreton Point, all of the Larsen
Islands, an adjacent ice-free area on the northwestern coast of
Coronation island, and the intervening marine area.
The nearest research station is Signy (GBR), located 27 km
southeast of the IBA. See ANT019 for information on the
environment and facilities at this station.
Birds
Data on some bird species breeding within the IBA are available only in aggregate. Approximately 23 000 pairs of
Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding on Moreton Point and a further 1200 pairs in small colonies north of
Moreton Point in 1984 (Poncet & Poncet 1985). Approximately 28 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded
breeding on the eastern and northern shorelines of Monroe Island and on Spine Island in 1984 (Poncet & Poncet
1985). Approximately 10 000 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were also recorded in three colonies on Nicolas
Rocks in 1984 (Poncet & Poncet 1985). [Nicolas Rocks were referred to erroneously as Larsen Islands in Poncet &
Poncet 1985]. The total Chinstrap Penguin population reported by Poncet & Poncet (1985) in this area was ~62 200
pairs. More recently, approximately 125 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were estimated breeding on Moreton Point
and Monroe Island based on a survey from a ship anchored in Sandefjord Bay, with birds nesting on "every available
surface" (H. Lynch pers. comm. 2010).
An estimated 5000 – 10 000 Southern Fulmars breed on the northern and eastern coasts of Monroe Island, and a
further 10 000 – 20 000 on the western coast of Coronation Island and coastal cliffs above Sandefjord Bay generally
(Creuwels et al. 2007). Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) are confirmed breeders in Sandlefjord Bay (Croxall et al.
1995). More than 5000 pairs of Cape Petrels (Daption capense) were estimated to breed in this area by Ardley (1936)
in 1933.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) occupy beaches in the vicinity in summer.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ardley, R.A.B. 1936. The birds of the South Orkney Islands. Discovery Reports 12: 349-76.
Creuwels, J.C.S., Poncet, S., Hodum, P.J. & van Franeker, J.A. 2007. Distribution and abundance of the Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides. Polar Biology 30: 1083–97.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 32
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 33
ANT002: Gibbon Bay, Coronation Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
45°11' W, 60°40' S
Area
539 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Gibbon Bay lies between Rayner Point and The Turret on the
northeastern coast of Coronation Island. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises ice-
free areas along the shoreline of Gibbon Bay, including the
intervening marine and ice-covered areas.
Information on the environment at Gibbon Bay is not available.
In contrast to Signy Island, northern Coronation Island is more
susceptible to fog as a result of moisture-heavy prevailing
north-westerly winds rising over the permanently ice-covered
mountains on Coronation Island.
The nearest research station to the site is Signy (GBR), located
on the eastern coast of Signy Island. See ANT019 for more
information on this station.
Birds
Approximately 13 210 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding along the shoreline of Gibbon Bay in 1983
(Poncet & Poncet 1985), located on ice-free areas at Rayner Point, The Turret and along the shoreline between these
two headlands. Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) are reported to breed in at least three locations along the shore of
Gibbon Bay (Croxall et al. 1995).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 34
ANT003: Eillium Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°51' W, 60°41' S
Area
50 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Eillium Island is a small island lying 3 km northwest of
Mackenzie Peninsula, the westernmost peninsula on Laurie
Island, South Orkney Islands. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)).
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located
less than 10 km to the southeast of the IBA. Orcadas operates
year-round with around 45 personnel present in summer and 14
in winter (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 21 400 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding
on Eillium Island in 1983 (Poncet & Poncet 1985).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 35
ANT004: Weddell Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°49'24" W, 60°37'52" S
Area
30 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Weddell Islands are situated south of Saddle Island, northwest
of Cape Mabel, Laurie Island and east of Cape Faraday, Powell
Island, South Orkney Islands.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the seabirds present at the site,
in particular penguins in the Pygoscelis genus. The IBA
comprises the largest island and some smaller islands
immediately to the west and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent station is Orcadas (ARG) situated
~13 km southeast on Laurie Island. Orcadas operates year-
round with around 45 personnel in summer and 14 in winter
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae), Chinstrap (P. antarctica), and possibly Gentoo (P. papua) penguins are believed to breed
on the islands, although the presence and proportions by species are unknown. Ardley (1936) reported that Chinstrap
Penguins comprised the majority on the Weddell Islands in Jan 1933. Lynch & LaRue (2014) estimated from February
2011 satellite imagery that approximately 28 507 breeding pairs (95% CI: 17 350, 47 277) of penguins of the genus
Pygoscelis were present at the Weddell Islands. The penguins breed along the lower slopes of the entire coastline.
Cape Petrel (Daption capense) and Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) are confirmed breeders in the area (Hodum 2004;
Croxall et al. 1995). Ardley (1936) estimated more than 5000 pairs of Cape Petrels present on Weddell Islands in Jan
1933, occupying north-facing cliffs. Ardley (1936) also reported a large number of Chinstrap Penguins on nearby
Saddle Island, although recent data to confirm this are not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ardley, R.A.B. 1936. The birds of the South Orkney Islands. Discovery Reports 12: 349-76.
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT005: Pirie Peninsula, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4i, A4iii
Coordinates
44°38' W, 60°42' S
Area
605 ha
Altitude
< 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Pirie Peninsula lies between Jessie Bay and Browns Bay on the
northern coast of Laurie Island. Pirie Peninsula rises to over
250 m and contains numerous small areas free from permanent
snow or ice cover. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial
Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present
and the high concentration of seabirds (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)). The IBA comprises all ice-free
areas and offshore islands in the Pirie Peninsula area on which
birds are known to breed, based on records collected in 1983
(Poncet & Poncet 1985).
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located 6
km to the southwest of the IBA. Orcadas operates year-round
with around 45 personnel in summer and 14 in winter
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 14 270 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding at Pirie Peninsula in 1994 (Coria et al. 2011;
unpublished data N. Coria, in compilation by E. Woehler, 2004). Poncet & Poncet (1985) reported 16 930 breeding
pairs of Chinstrap Penguin present on Pirie Peninsula in 1983. More than 170 pairs of Imperial Shag were breeding in
1983 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). Of these, 106 pairs were recorded on two islets off the western
coast of Pirie Peninsula and 70 pairs were recorded at a skerry off the eastern coast. Approximately 3790 breeding
pairs of Cape Petrel (Daption capense) were recorded at the eastern Pirie Peninsula and 565 pairs were recorded at
the western Pirie Peninsula in 1994 (unpublished data N. Coria, cited in Hodum et al. 2004).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Coria, N.R., Montalti, D., Rombola, E.F., Santos, M.M., Garcia Betoño, M.I. & Juares, M.A. 2011. Birds at Laurie Island,
South Orkney Islands, Antarctica: breeding species and their distribution. Marine Ornithology 39: 207-13.
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 37
ANT006: Ferguslie Peninsula, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°33' W, 60°42' S
Area
99 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Ferguslie Peninsula lies on the northern coast of Laurie Island
between Browns Bay and Macdougal Bay. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises all of
ice-free area on Ferguslie Peninsula, extending to Cape Geddes.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located
9 km to the southwest of the IBA. Orcadas operates year-round
with around 45 personnel present in summer and 14 in winter
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 12 420 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding
at the site in 1983, with colonies at Cape Geddes and on the
east side of Ferguslie Peninsula (Poncet & Poncet 1985). Approximately 228 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel
(Macronectes giganteus) were breeding at Cape Geddes in 1993 (Coria et al. 1996), and 187 in 2006 (ACAP 2010b).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ACAP (Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels) 2010b. ACAP Species assessment: Southern Giant
Petrel Macronectes giganteus. Downloaded from http://www.acap.aq on 12/03/ 2015.
Coria, N.R., Blendinger, P.G. & Montalti, D. 1996. The breeding birds of Cape Geddes, Laurie Island, South Orkney
Islands, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology 24: 43-44.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT007: Watson Peninsula, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°31' W, 60°41' S
Area
178 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Watson Peninsula is a largely ice-free headland extending for
~3.6 km to Cape Valavielle on the northern coast of Laurie
Island, separating Macdougal Bay and Marr Bay. The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present
(in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and
includes all of the ice-free area of Watson Peninsula and a small
island located 350 m off the northwestern shore.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG), located 11 km to
the southwest. Orcadas operates year-round with around 45
personnel present in summer and 14 in winter (COMNAP,
Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 3500 – 4000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were
recorded breeding on the eastern and western coasts of Watson Peninsula in 1948 (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979).
Approximately 10 893 breeding pairs were recorded in 1994, suggesting a population increase at this site (unpublished
data N. Coria, compiled by E. Woehler pers. comm. 2004)). Approximately 462 pairs of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) were recorded breeding on Watson Peninsula in 1994. A small Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) colony is
located midway along the west coast and constituted 10 breeding pairs in 1994. Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes
giganteus) are also present, with 280 breeding pairs recorded in 2006 (ACAP 2010b).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ACAP (Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels) 2010b. ACAP Species assessment: Southern Giant
Petrel Macronectes giganteus. Downloaded from http://www.acap.aq on 12/03/ 2015.
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT008: Fraser Point, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°30' W, 60°41' S
Area
32 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Fraser Point lies at the eastern extremity of Laurie Island, at the
eastern entrance to Marr Bay. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises the ice-free area
to the south of Fraser Point, including the eastern shoreline of
Marr Bay and western shoreline of Mackintosh Cove.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located
13 km to the west-southwest of the IBA. Orcadas operates year-
round with around 45 personnel present in summer and 14 in
winter (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 11 200 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded
breeding in 1983, located on the shoreline of the ice-free ground on the eastern side of Marr Bay, south of Fraser
Point (Poncet & Poncet 1985).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT009: Buchanan Point, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°28' W, 60°42' S
Area
27 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Buchanan Point lies on the northeastern coast of Laurie Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica))
and comprises the ice-free coastal area between the eastern
side of Mackintosh Cove and Buchanan Point.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located
15 km to the west. Orcadas operates year-round with around 45
personnel present in summer and 14 in winter (COMNAP,
Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 10 300 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded
breeding on the northeastern coast of Laurie Island in 1983
(Poncet & Poncet 1985). Of these, 6500 pairs were located at Buchanan Point, at the southern extent of the site,
whilst a further 3800 pairs were breeding on the coastal area of Mackintosh Cove.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT010: Ferrier Peninsula / Graptolite Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
44°25'32'' W, 60°43'18'' S
Area
236 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Ferrier Peninsula and Graptolite Island lie at the southeastern
extremity of Laurie Island at Fitchie Bay. The IBA qualifies on the
basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony present
and the high concentration of seabirds (in particular Adélie and
Chinstrap Penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica)). The IBA comprises
the ice free area on Ferrier Peninsula extending from the
permanent ice cap on Laurie Island to Cape Dundas, and
includes nearby Graptolite Island and the intervening marine
area.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located
~15 km to the west. Orcadas operates year-round with around
45 personnel present in summer and 14 in winter (COMNAP,
Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 61 000 pairs of Adélie Penguin were recorded breeding on Ferrier Peninsula in 1983, most of which
were nesting on the northern coast, and approximately 30 000 pairs were breeding on Graptolite Island (Poncet &
Poncet 1985). Chinstrap Penguins breed on both the northern and southern coasts of Ferrier Peninsula, comprising
14 200 pairs in 1983. Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua) were also recorded breeding on Ferrier Peninsula in 1947
(Poncet & Poncet 1985).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT011: Cape Whitson, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°32' W, 60°45' S
Area
50 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Whitson is located on the southern coast of Laurie Island,
South Orkney Islands, and lies between Aitken Cove and
Methuen Cove. The peninsula extends ~1.5 km in length by
~0.5 km across and its elevation is <250 m. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises the
ice-free terrain of the headland at Cape Whitson.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Orcadas (ARG),
located ~9 km to the northwest. Orcadas operates year-round
with around 45 personnel present in summer and 14 in winter
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 12 755 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding at Cape Whitson in 1994 (unpublished data
N. Coria, compiled by E. Woehler pers. comm. 2004)).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 43
ANT012: Point Martin, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°41' W, 60°46' S
Area
310 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Point Martin is located on the southern coast of Laurie Island,
on a peninsula extending between Scotia Bay and Wilton Bay.
The IBA qualifies on the basis the high concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and
Chinstrap Penguin (P. antarctica)). The IBA comprises the ice-
free area from Point Martin to Cape Hartree in the southwest.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG), located several
km from the limit of the IBA. Orcadas operates year-round with
around 45 personnel present in summer and 14 in winter
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Coria et al. (2011) reported 26 450 breeding pairs of Adélie
Penguin at Point Martin in 2004/05, which compares to 25 880 breeding pairs recorded in 1993/94. A total of 13 394
breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded at Point Martin in 1994 (unpublished data N. Coria, compiled by E.
Woehler pers. comm. 2004)). Ardley (1936) reported a colony of ~180 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax
[atriceps] bransfieldensis) present on a small islet in western Wilton Bay in Jan 1933, although it is unknown whether
the colony still exists. It seems possible that this colony may be the same as that identified as IBA ANT013 on the islet
southwest of Cape Davidson.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Orcadas Station (ARG), with associated operational and support activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Further reading
Ardley, R.A.B. 1936. The birds of the South Orkney Islands. Discovery Reports 12: 349-76.
Coria, N.R., Montalti, D., Rombola, E.F., Santos, M.M., Garcia Betoño, M.I. & Juares, M.A. 2011. Birds at Laurie Island,
South Orkney Islands, Antarctica: breeding species and their distribution. Marine Ornithology 39: 207-13.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 44
ANT013: Islet SW of Cape Davidson
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
44°47' W, 60°45' S
Area
3.6 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Davidson is located on the southwest coast of Laurie
Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and
comprises a small (2.8 ha) rocky islet lying offshore ~1 km
southwest from Cape Davidson.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located
~5 km to the east of the IBA. Orcadas operates year-round with
around 45 personnel present in summer and 14 in winter
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 225 pairs of Imperial Shag were breeding on the
islet in 1983 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). )).
Ardley (1936) reported a colony of ~180 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag present on a small islet in western Wilton Bay
in Jan 1933, although it is unknown whether the colony still exists. It seems possible that this colony may be the same
as that identified by S. and J. Poncet on the islet southwest of Cape Davidson.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Orcadas Station (ARG), with associated operational and support activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Further reading
Ardley, R.A.B. 1936. The birds of the South Orkney Islands. Discovery Reports 12: 349-76.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 45
ANT014: Cape Robertson, Laurie Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
44°47' W, 60°44' S
Area
384 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Robertson is an ice free point rising to over 250 m located
on the western coast of Laurie Island, at the northern extremity
of the Mackenzie Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) present, and extends from Cape
Robertson to a coastal headland 1 km south of Cape Roca on
the southern coastline of Laurie Island.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG) which is located
less than 5 km to the southeast of the IBA. Orcadas operates
year-round with around 45 personnel present in summer and 14
in winter (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010).
Birds
Approximately 19 745 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding at Cape Robertson in 1994 (unpublished data N.
Coria, compiled by E. Woehler pers. comm. 2004)), with a further 1300 pairs breeding along the coast between Cape
Robertson and Cape Roca (Poncet & Poncet 1985).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Orcadas Station (ARG), with associated operational and support activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 46
ANT015: Southern Powell Island and adjacent islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4i, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
45°00' W, 60°44' S
Area
2356 ha
Altitude
< c.375 m
Protection
ASPA No.111
Site description
Southern Powell Island is located 7 km east of the southwestern
extremity of Coronation Island, between Lewthwaite Strait and
Washington Strait, South Orkney Islands. Much of the land area
at this site is ice-free in summer, although a permanent icecap
covers much of Powell Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Gentoo Penguin
(P. papua), Adélie Penguin (P. adeliae), Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis), and Southern Giant
Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) colonies present. The IBA
boundary follows the boundary of ASPA No. 111.
Vegetation at the site includes moss banks at southern Powell
Island, Christoffersen Island and northern Fredriksen Island, and
extensive cover of the alga Prasiola crispa associated with
breeding penguins (ASPA No. 111 Management Plan, 2012). Snow algae also grow on glaciated areas and snow
patches around the site.
The nearest research station is Orcadas (ARG), which lies ~17 km to the southeast on Laurie Island and operates year-
round with accommodation for ~45 people in summer and a winter complement of ~14 people (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 01/09/2010). See ANT019 for information on meteorological records and facilities at Signy Station
(GBR), located 35 km to the west.
Birds
Southern Powell Island is one of the most populous sites for breeding birds in the South Orkney Islands. Over 8000
breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin were recorded in 1983, at several sites on southern Powell Island (5072 pairs),
Michelsen Island (2175 pairs) and Christoffersen Island (710 pairs) (Poncet & Poncet 1985). In the same year, 16 750
pairs of Adélie Penguin and 28 100 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded at the site. Adélie Penguins breed on
Michelsen Island (9000 pairs) and on southern Powell Island (7500 pairs), with a smaller colony on Christoffersen
Island (250 pairs). The most abundant Chinstrap breeding site is on Fredriksen Island (21 320 pairs), while smaller
colonies are located on southern Powell Island, the southern coast of Michelsen Island (4435 pairs) and on Grey Island
(2350 pairs) (Poncet & Poncet 1985). A few Macaroni Penguins (Eudyptes chrysolophus) also breed among the Gentoo
Penguins at the site (ASPA No. 111 Management Plan, 2012).
Southern Giant Petrel breed on southern Powell Island and on Christoffersen and Michelsen islands, and were
estimated at 613 breeding pairs in 1982/83 (Patterson et al. 2008). Other breeding birds include the Imperial Shag
(144 breeding pairs nesting among Chinstrap Penguins on the northern coast of Grey Island in 1988), and Snow Petrel
(Pagodroma nivea), which breeds at Ellefsen Harbour, Michelsen Island and Fredricksen Island (Croxall et al. 1995).
Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) and Snowy
Sheathbill (Chionis albus) also breed at the site, and Antarctic Prion (Pachyptila desolata) and Black-bellied Storm-
petrel (Fregetta tropica) are possible breeders (ASPA No. 111 Management Plan, 2012).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) breed on Michelsen Island, with an upward trend in the breeding population
since the 1950’s (ASPA No. 111 Management Plan, 2012). Non-breeding mammals observed at the site include

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 47
Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina), Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) and occasionally Leopard Seal
(Hydrurga leptonyx) and Crabeater Seal (Lobodon carcinophagus).
Conservation issues
Southern Powell Island and its adjacent islands were designated as ASPA No. 111 to protect their flora and fauna,
which is representative of the natural ecology of the South Orkney Islands, and as an important breeding site for
Antarctic Fur Seals (ASPA No. 111 Management Plan, 2012). Access to ASPA No. 111 is prohibited without a permit
except for essential management or compelling scientific purposes. The site is remote and visits are few. However, the
Antarctic krill fishery operates in nearby waters where penguins and other species forage.
Further reading
ASPA No.111 Southern Powell Island, South Orkney Islands: Management Plan (2012).
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-24.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT016: Atriceps Island, Robertson Islands
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
45°09' W, 60°48' S
Area
102 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Atriceps Island lies at the southern extremity of the Robertson
Islands group, South Orkney Islands. The Robertson Islands
group is separated from the southernmost point of Coronation
Island by Whale Bay and The Divide, and comprises (from north
to south): Matthews Island, Coffer Island, Steepholm, Skilling
Island and Atriceps Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony
present and includes all of Atriceps Island. This small ice free
island has a maximum elevation of less than 250 m.
See ANT019 for information on meteorological records and
facilities at Signy Station (GBR), which is located 25 km to the
northwest.
Birds
Approximately 524 pairs of Imperial Shag were recorded breeding on Atriceps Island in 1988 (unpublished data S.
Poncet pers. comm. 2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 49
ANT017: Robertson Islands
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
45°09' W, 60°45' S
Area
796 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Matthews Island, Steepholm, Coffer Island and Skilling Island
are part of the Robertson Islands group, South Orkney Islands.
Matthews Island is the largest of the Robertson Islands, is partly
covered in permanent ice and rises to over 250 m at two
summits. Other islands in the group reach an altitude of less
than 250 m and have no permanent ice. The IBA qualifies on the
basis of the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony
present and the high concentration of seabirds. The IBA
comprises all islands and skerries lying north of Atriceps Island
in the Robertson Islands group and the intervening marine area.
See ANT019 for information on meteorological records and
facilities at Signy Station (GBR), which is located 25 km to the
northwest.
Birds
Approximately 35 000 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguins were recorded in the Robertson Islands in 1983, with
14 750 pairs on Matthews Island, 2100 pairs on Coffer Island, 11 500 pairs on two islands south of Matthews Island
and 6520 pairs on Steepholm and Skilling Islands combined (Poncet & Poncet 1985). In addition, Snow Petrels
(Pagodroma nivea) breed in the area of The Divide (Croxall et al. 1995), a narrow channel separating Matthews Island
from Coronation Island at the northern limit of the IBA.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT018: Shingle Cove
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
60°39'20" S, 45°34'10" W
Area
34 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Shingle Cove is located in Iceberg Bay several km east of Cape
Hansen on the southern coast of Coronation Island. The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present
(in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and comprises
the ice-free area southwest and adjacent to Shingle Cove, ~1.3
km NE of Cape Hansen.
The nearest research station is Signy (GBR), located ~1.5 km
southwest of Cape Hansen. See ANT019 for more information
on this station.
Birds
Approximately 13 381 pairs of Adélie Penguin were recorded
breeding close to and southwest of Shingle Cove in 2003 (Lynch
et al. 2008; H. Lynch pers. comm. 2010; Naveen & Lynch 2011), referring to this site as ‘Marshall Bay’. A small number
of Brown Skuas (Catharacta antarctica) breed among the penguins; four breeding pairs were counted in 2003 (H.
Lynch pers. comm. 2010). Croxall & Kirkwood (1979: 16) reported approximately 10 000 breeding pairs in "A series of
Adélie colonies [that] stretches the length of the NE side of the cove to the north (‘Half Moon Cove’) [of Cape
Hansen]”, referring to this site as ‘Cape Hansen’. It has been concluded that these authors are referring to the same
colony, and that it lies along the NE coast of the cove immediately east of Cape Hansen. A colony of Adélie Penguins is
also present at Shingle Cove, which comprised ~3041 breeding pairs in 2006 and ~3205 pairs in 2003 (Lynch et al.
2008; Naveen & Lynch 2011); around 3000 pairs were estimated in 1978 (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979).
A ‘possible colony’ of Chinstrap Penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) was reported at Cape Hansen in 1965 (Croxall &
Kirkwood 1979), although it seems likely that this was a mistaken reference to the nearby Adélie Penguin colony
described above since no Chinstrap Penguin colony exists in this location. Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snow Petrel
(Pagodroma nivea), skuas (Catharacta spp.) and Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) are confirmed to breed at the site
(ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Shingle Cove).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Shingle Cove:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/shingle_cove_e.pdf Accessed 05/04/2015.
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT019: Signy Island
IBA criteria
A4i, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
45°38' W, 60°43' S
Area
1926 ha
Altitude
< 278 m
Protection
None
Site description
Signy Island lies 1.6 km southwest of Cape Hansen on the south
coast of Coronation Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Adélie Penguin (P.
adeliae), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis), Antarctic Prion (Pachyptila desolata), Brown
Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites
oceanicus), and Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus)
colonies present. The IBA comprises all of Signy Island and
several offshore islands including Confusion Island, Oliphant
Islands, Spindrift Rocks and Shagnasty Island.
Almost half of Signy Island is covered by a permanent ice cap,
with the highest point on the island being Tioga Hill (278 m). The
coastline is dominated by exposed crags, and rocky headlands,
with intervening bouldery slopes and sizeable moss banks (Tickell 1962). There are 16 lakes on the island and several
glaciers, the largest of which terminates on the southern coast.
Extensive moss turfs occur particularly on the northwest coast of Signy Island, forming primary breeding habitat for
burrowing petrels (R. Fijn pers. comm. 2011). Other flora on Signy Island includes Antarctic Hairgrass (Deschampsia
antarctica) and Antarctic Pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis), ~50 moss species, ~12 liverworts and ~120 lichen species
(BAS, Signy Island Research Station, accessed 02/09/2010). Algae and cyanobacteria have also been observed in
wetter sites on the island (Broady 1979).
The winter climate on Signy Island is influenced by pack ice which extends to surround the island from the Weddell
Sea. Over summer pack ice retreats and Signy Island has a maritime climate. Mean summer air temperatures are
between –2°C to 3°C, whilst during winter the mean monthly air temperature ranges from –2°C to –17° C. Strong
winds are frequent, prevailing from the west. The minimum winter temperature on record is –39.3°C, whilst in
summer temperatures range from –7°C to 19.8°C.
Signy Research Station (GBR) is located midway along the eastern shoreline of Signy Island, on the southern side of
Borge Bay. The summer-only station accommodates ~8 people (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 31/08/2010).
Birds
An exceptionally diverse range of seabirds and waterbirds breed on Signy Island, including three species of penguin,
four petrel species, two storm-petrel species, shags, sheathbills, two species of skua, gulls and terns.
Approximately 19 530 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin breed on Signy Island (BAS unpublished data, M. Dunn
pers. comm. 2010), with the most concentrated breeding sites on Gourlay Peninsula, an ice-free gently sloping
peninsula on the southeast side of Signy Island; Pandemonium Point, on the southwest coast of Signy Island;
Confusion Island, 100 m off the south of the island; and North Point (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979). This recent count is
likely to be an under-estimate of typical Chinstrap breeding numbers, since this season was reportedly a poor one for
this species (M. Dunn, pers. comm. 2011). Approximately 16 900 pairs of Adélie Penguin also breed at Gourlay
Peninsula and North Point (Dunn et al. 2010), and 753 pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) were recorded
breeding for all Signy Island in 2010 (BAS unpublished data, M. Dunn pers. comm. 2010). Macaroni Penguins (Eudyptes
chrysolophus) have not been recorded breeding on Signy Island or its offshore islands for many years, and were last
observed breeding in low numbers (11 pairs) in 1979 (Croxall, Rootes & Price 1981).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Imperial Shags breed on ledges of low cliffs on the north coast of Signy Island and constituted 280 pairs in 2006/07 (R.
Fijn pers. comm. 2011). Three larger groups of Imperial Shag may breed on flat or shallow-sloping areas on two islets
near Shagnasty Island, as Rootes (1988) reported a total of 729 pairs in this area in the mid-1980s, although more
recent data on these colonies are not available.
The latest survey in 2005/06 revealed 2351 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel breeding on Signy Island, predominantly on
the western coast (M. Dunn & R. Fijn unpublished data, 2006). Approximately 1093 breeding pairs were recorded at
North Point, G.P. Ridge and Borge Bay in 1984 (Patterson et al. 2008).
High numbers of Wilson’s Storm-petrel breed on Signy Island in crevices and between boulders in ice-free areas, and it
has been estimated that up to 200 000 breeding pairs were present on the island in 1966-68 (Beck & Brown 1972). It
was also estimated that approximately 50 000 pairs of Antarctic Prion (Pachyptila desolata) breed on Signy Island,
concentrated at Borge Bay on the eastern coastline close to Signy Station (Tickell 1962) and on the western coast from
Foca Cove towards North Point (R. Fijn pers. comm. 2015). However, accurate counts of these species are difficult and
numbers are approximate.
Approximately 100 pairs of Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) and a small number of South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki) breed on Signy Island (Ritz et al. 2006). In addition, 195 pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) were
recorded breeding on Signy Island in 1985 (Croxall et al. 1995), although more recently numbers were estimated to
exceed 1000 pairs (R. Fijn unpublished data, 2006).
Other birds breeding on Signy Island include the Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus), Kelp
Gull (Larus dominicanus), Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) and Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica) (BAS: Signy
Island Research Station, 2010).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) haul out in large groups around the coast of Signy Island, concentrated on
the eastern and southern coastline, with an estimated 12 245 individuals present in February 2009 (BAS unpublished
data, M. Dunn pers. comm. 2009), although numbers vary and reached over 21 000 in 1994 (Waluda et al. 2009).
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) breed on sea-ice around Signy Island over the winter, and Southern Elephant
Seals (Mirounga leonina) regularly pup in spring (BAS 2010). Southern Elephant Seals and Weddell Seals are common
on Signy Island: 522 and 12 respectively counted in Feb 2006 (M. Dunn & R. Fijn unpublished data, R. Fijn pers. comm.
2015), and 309 and 5 respectively in 2009 (BAS unpublished data, M. Dunn pers. comm. 2010). Leopard (Hydrurga
leptonyx) and Crabeater (Lobodon carcinophagus) seals are regularly seen on ice-flows around the island.
Conservation issues
A long-term penguin monitoring program is conducted at Signy Island as part of the CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring
Program (CEMP). The three species of penguins are surveyed annually to determine population size, breeding success,
and diet. Populations of Chinstrap and Adélie Penguins have declined substantially over the past three decades. The
decrease in Adélie Penguin numbers between 1987 and 2010 is possibly linked to regional warming and changes in sea
ice extent experienced over the same time period (Forcada et al. 2006).
Further reading
Beck, J.R. & Brown, D.W. 1972. The biology of Wilson’s Storm-petrel, Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl), at Signy Island, South
Orkney Islands. British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports 69. BAS, London.
BAS (British Antarctic Survey) 2010. Signy Island Research Station. BAS, Cambridge.
URL:http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/living_and_working/research_stations/signy/. Accessed: 02/09/2010.
Broady, P.A. 1979. The terrestrial algae of Signy Island, South Orkney Islands. British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports
98. BAS, London.
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Croxall, J.P., Rootes, D.M. & Price, R.A. 1981. Increases in penguin populations at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 54: 47-56.
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Dunn, M.J., Silk, J.R.D. & Trathan, P.N. 2010. Post-breeding dispersal of Adélie penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) nesting at
Signy Island, South Orkney Islands. Polar Biology 34 (2): 205-14.
Forcada, J., Trathan, P.N., Reid, K., Murphy, E.J., & Croxall, J.P. 2006. Contrasting population changes in sympatric
penguin species in association with climate warming. Global Change Biology 12(3): 411-23.
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01108.x.
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-124.
Ritz, M.S., Hahn, S., Janicke, T. & Peter, H.-U. 2006. Hybridisation between South polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
and Brown skua (C. antarctica lonnbergi) in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Polar Biology 29: 153-59.
doi:10.1007/s00300-005-0034-0
Rootes, D.M. 1988. The status of birds at Signy Island. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 80: 87-119.
Tickell, W.L.N. 1962. The Dove Prion, Pachyptila desolata Gmelin. British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports 33.
Waluda, C.M., Gregory, S. & Dunn, M.J. 2009. Long-term variability in the abundance of Antarctic fur seals
Arctocephalus gazella at Signy Island, South Orkneys. Polar Biology 33 (3): 305-12.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT020: Moe Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
45°41' W, 60°44' S
Area
120 ha
Altitude
0 – 226 m
Protection
ASPA No.109
Site description
Moe Island is a small, low-lying island with an irregular coastline
located ~300 m southwest of Signy Island. Moe Island is
designated as ASPA No. 109. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises all of Moe Island
(excluding offshore rocks) and coincides with the boundary of
ASPA No. 109.
Moe Island has a rugged and steep coastline, and rises to an
elevation of 226 m at Snipe Peak. The island is dominated by
metamorphic schists and a large proportion of the island is
covered by glacial drift and scree. Immature soil deposits are
intermixed with gravel and rocks. Some of the largest moss
banks of their type in Antarctica are on Moe Island.
The nearest research station is Signy (GBR), located ~5 km to the northeast. See IBA ANT019 for more information.
Birds
Approximately 10 964 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding in 1978/79 (Croxall, Rootes & Price 1981).
However, the Chinstrap population may have since decreased, with ~1100 pairs recorded in February 1994 and ~100
pairs in January 2006 (ASPA No. 109 Management Plan, 2007). About 2000 pairs of Cape Petrel (Daption capense)
were recorded breeding in 14 colonies on the island in 1966 and a large number of Antarctic Prion (Pachyptila
desolata) also nest at the site (ASPA No. 109 Management Plan, 2007). Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) were
recorded breeding on Moe Island in 1957/58 when the colony comprised 34 breeding pairs (Croxall et al. 1995), and
were confirmed breeding during a survey in 2005/06 (R. Fijn pers. comm. 2015).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii), Crabeater Seals (Lobodon carcinophagus), Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx)
and Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) are regularly observed hauled out in bays along the western shore of
Moe Island (ASPA No. 109 Management Plan, 2007).
Conservation issues
Moe Island was designated as ASPA No. 109 to protect its natural environment, which is representative of a maritime
Antarctic ecosystem (ASPA No. 109 Management Plan, 2007). Access to Moe Island is prohibited except for essential
management or compelling scientific purposes, and visitor numbers and human impacts are low. An increase in the
local Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) population has substantially altered terrestrial environments in some
areas, which may also impact on bird breeding habitats. Damage to moss banks by seals has been observed on the
most northerly sites on Moe Island, although the steep topography offers protection to some sensitive areas.
Further reading
ASPA No.109 Moe Island, South Orkney Islands: Management Plan 2007.
Croxall, J.P., Rootes, D.M. & Price, R.A. 1981. Increases in penguin populations at Signy Island, South Orkney Islands.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 54: 47-56.
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT021: Gosling Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
45°55' W, 60°38' S
Area
166 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Gosling Islands are a small archipelago located several
hundred metres off the southwestern coast of Coronation
Island, west of Meier Point. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises the Gosling
Islands and a nearby ice-free headland on the southwestern
coast of Coronation Island.
Information on the environment at the Gosling Islands is not
available. The nearest research station is Signy (GBR), located
16 km southeast of the Gosling Islands. See ANT019 for
information on the environment and facilities at this station.
Birds
Approximately 10 764 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were present on the Gosling Islands and adjacent ice-free
areas on the southern shoreline of Coronation Island in 1984 (Poncet & Poncet 1985). Approximately 8523 Adélie
Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) chicks were also recorded in the Gosling Islands area in 1984 (Poncet & Poncet 1985).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT022: Return Point / Cheal Point, Coronation Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
46°00' W, 60°38' S
Area
170 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Return Point and Cheal Point are located on the southwestern
coast of Coronation Island, between Moreton Point and the
Gosling Islands. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present and the high
concentration of seabirds (in particular Chinstrap Penguin and
Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides)). The IBA comprises
three large ice-free areas at Return Point, Cheal Point and to the
east of Cheal Point.
The nearest research station is Signy (GBR), located 24 km
southeast of the IBA. See ANT019 for information on the
environment and facilities at this station.
Birds
Approximately 38 100 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding on ice-free areas on and around Return
Point and Cheal Point in 1984 (Poncet & Poncet 1985).
Southern Fulmars are also confirmed breeders at the site, with many thousands recorded at Cheal Point and Return
Point in 1984 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1985. A survey of penguin breeding populations at the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 71-81.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT023: Inaccessible Islands
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
46°40' W, 60°35' S
Area
305 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Inaccessible Islands are the most westerly of the South Orkney
Islands. They are located 35 km west of Coronation Island and
comprise three main islands and numerous offshore skerries.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus
glacialoides) colony present and comprises all islands and
offshore rocks in the Inaccessible Islands group and the
intervening marine area.
The nearest research station is Signy (GBR), located 62 km
southeast of the IBA. See ANT019 for information on the
environment and facilities at this station.
Birds
Southern Fulmar are the most abundant bird species present at
the Inaccessible Islands, with tens of thousands of pairs recorded breeding on the northern coast of islands and islets
in 1986 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). Ardley (1936) estimated that “not less than half a million”
Southern Fulmar nests occupied “top to bottom” of the northern cliffs of the three main islands in Jan 1933. Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) also breed on the larger islands, and approximately 1000 breeding pairs were recorded
in 1986 (S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005; also noted by Ardley 1936). Approximately 100 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) were also recorded on the northern coast of the more southerly of the large
islands in the Inaccessible Islands group in 1986, and this colony was also reported by Ardley (1936).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ardley, R.A.B. 1936. The birds of the South Orkney Islands. Discovery Reports 12: 349-76.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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South Shetland Islands
ANT024: Sugarloaf Island, Clarence Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
54°00' W, 61°12' S
Area
82 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Clarence Island is the easternmost of the South Shetland
Islands, lying 30 km east of Elephant Island. Sugarloaf Island lies
~100 m east from an ice free point mid-way along the eastern
coast of Clarence Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present and
the high concentration of seabirds (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin and Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides)). The IBA
includes all of Sugarloaf Island, the adjacent ice free area of
coast on Clarence Island and the intervening marine area.
There are no research stations in the near vicinity, the closest
being around 260 km to the southwest, on King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 57 500 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded
breeding at the ice free point (referred to as ‘Fur Seal Point’ in Croxall & Kirkwood 1979) and on the adjacent Sugarloaf
Island in 1977, along with two smaller breeding sites comprising 12 950 pairs located onshore ~ 1 km to the north
(Croxall & Kirkwood 1979).
Southern Fulmar also breed on the ice free slopes adjacent to Sugarloaf Island, one of the two known breeding sites
for this species on Clarence Island, the other being at Craggy Point. Approximately 25 475 pairs of Southern Fulmar
were estimated over the whole of Clarence Island in 1977 (Furse 1978).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation Issues
None known.
Further Reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Furse, J. R. 1978. Joint Services Expedition to the Elephant Island group, 1976 – 77. Unpublished report, BAS archives,
Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT025: Cape Bowles, Clarence Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
54°03' W, 61°18' S
Area
206 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Clarence Island is the easternmost of the South Shetland
Islands, lying 30 km east of Elephant Island. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony
present and the large concentration of seabirds, and comprises
the ice free headland of Cape Bowles, at the southeastern
extremity of Clarence Island.
The geology of Clarence Island is predominantly metamorphic
of Mesozoic age (Marsh & Thomson 1985). No other
information is available on the environment at this site.
There are no research stations in the near vicinity, the closest
being ~260 km to the southwest, on King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 58 000 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were estimated at a site referred to as ‘Pink Pool Point’ on
the eastern side of the headland, 33 000 breeding pairs were at Cape Bowles, and 21 200 at the site referred to as
‘Thunder Bay’ at the western side of the headland in 1977 (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Marsh, P.D. & Thomson, J.W. 1985. Report on Antarctic Fieldwork. The Scotia Metamorphic Complex on Elephant
Island and Clarence Island, South Shetland Islands. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 69: 71-75.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT026: Craggy Point, Clarence Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
54°10' W, 61°16' S
Area
153 ha
Altitude
0 - < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Clarence Island is the easternmost of the South Shetland
Islands, lying 30 km east of Elephant Island. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus)
colony present and the high concentration of seabirds (in
particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) and
Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides)). The IBA comprises
the ice-free coastline extending northward from Craggy Point in
the south 3.5 km along the southwestern shoreline of Clarence
Island.
The geology of Clarence Island is predominantly metamorphic
of Mesozoic age (Marsh & Thomson 1985). No other
information is available on the environment at Craggy Point.
There are no research stations in the near vicinity, the closest
being ~250 km to the southwest, on King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 10 370 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding at this site in 1977 (Croxall & Kirkwood
1979). In the same year around 3350 breeding pairs of Macaroni Penguin were recorded, making this the largest
colony of this species in the Antarctic Peninsula region.
Southern Fulmars are also confirmed breeders at Craggy Point. A count of Southern Fulmars over the whole of
Clarence Island was estimated at 25 475 pairs in 1977, with breeding recorded at this site and at Fur Seal Point on the
eastern coastline (Furse 1978).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Furse, J.R. 1978. Joint Services Expedition to the Elephant Island group, 1976 – 77. Unpublished report, BAS archives,
Cambridge.
Marsh, P.D. & Thomson, J.W. 1985. Report on Antarctic Fieldwork. The Scotia Metamorphic Complex on Elephant
Island and Clarence Island, South Shetland Islands. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 69: 71-75.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT027: Chinstrap Cove, Clarence Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
54°10' W, 61°14' S
Area
65 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Clarence Island is the easternmost of the South Shetland Islands,
lying 30 km east of Elephant Island. Chinstrap Cove lies on the
western shore of Clarence Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)),
and comprises all of the ice-free area south of Chinstrap Cove,
extending around 2 km southwards along the coastline of
Clarence Island.
Information on the environment at this site is not available.
There are no research stations in the near vicinity, the closest
being around 250 km to the southwest, on King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 19 500 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding on the ice-free area at the southern entrance point of
Chinstrap Cove in 1977 (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 62
ANT028: Seal Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
55°24' W, 60°59' S
Area
451 ha
Altitude
< 125 m
Protection
CEMP Site No.1
Site description
Seal Islands lie 7 km north of Elephant Island and comprise a
group of small, rocky islets extending over an area ~5 km
across. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of
seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis
antarctica)) and includes the entire Seal Islands group, including
all land areas, offshore rocks and the intervening marine area.
The Seal Island coastline is dominated by steep cliffs, except for
a sandy beach on the western shore and several small coves.
Seal Island (elevation 125 m) is composed of sedimentary rocks
susceptible to erosion. Other islands in the group are rocky with
precipitous cliffs and few beaches, and ice-cover is seasonal
(CEMP Site No. 1 Management Plan, 2001).
Birds
Eight breeding species of bird have been recorded on Seal Islands. Approximately 20 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin
were estimated in over 60 subcolonies across the island group in 1988/89 (J.L. Bengtson pers. comm., cited in Woehler
1993). Approximately 350 pairs of Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) were recorded in five colonies on Seal
Island (CEMP Site No. 1 Management Plan, 2004). Small numbers of Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus)
and Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) breed, estimated at 25 pairs and 40 pairs respectively in
1971 (Bruce & Furse 1973). Cape Petrels (Daption capense) nest on cliffs and Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites
oceanicus) nest in burrows in talus slopes. Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) and Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) also
breed on the islands (CEMP Site No. 1 Management Plan, 2004). Non-breeding birds include the Brown Skua
(Catharacta antarctica), Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), Gentoo Penguin (P. papua), King Penguin (Aptenodytes
patagonicus) and Rockhopper Penguin (Eudyptes chrysocome) (CEMP Site No.1 Management Plan, 2004).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella), Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina), Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes
weddellii), Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) and Crabeater Seal (Lobodon carcinophagus) haul out on Seal Islands.
Antarctic Fur Seals are the only confirmed breeders, with around 600 pups born each year (CEMP Site No. 1
Management Plan, 2004; M. Goebel, pers. comm. 2004). It is suspected that small numbers of Southern Elephant Seal
may also breed on the islands.
Conservation issues
Designation of Seal Islands as a CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP) Site lapsed in 2007 because research
was no longer being undertaken at the site (CCAMLR 2007).
Further reading
Bruce, G. & Furse, C. 1973. Elephant Island Joint Services Expedition 1970-71. Ornithological Report. BAS Archives Doc.
1999/33/45.
CCAMLR 2007. Report of the Twenty-sixth Meeting of the Scientific Committee for the Conservation of Antarctic
Marine Living Resources held in Hobart, Australia, 22 – 26 October 2007.
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 63
ANT029: Saddleback Point, Elephant Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
54°54' W, 61°06' S
Area
57 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Saddleback Point is located on the northern coast of Elephant
Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of
seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis
antarctica)) and comprises an ice free headland extending ~1
km offshore, several km to the west of Point Wild.
No information is available on the environment specific to the
area around Saddleback Point. See ANT032 for more
information on the general features, vegetation and
meteorology of Elephant Island.
There are no research stations in the vicinity, with the nearest
~205 km to the southwest at King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 10 250 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded breeding at Saddleback Point in 1971 (Croxall &
Kirkwood 1979).
See IBA ANT032 for information on other birds observed in the Elephant Island area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Naveen (2003) reported that Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) and Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga
leonina) regularly haul-out on rocky beaches at Point Wild, 2 km to the east of Saddleback Point.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 64
ANT030: Point W of Walker Point, Elephant Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
54°45' W, 61°09' S
Area
31 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
A small unnamed point located 2.7 km southwest of Walker
Point, on the southeastern coast of Elephant Island. The point
has been unofficially referred to as ‘Chinstrap Camp’ (Croxall &
Kirkwood 1979; Furse 1979). The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises all of the ice free
area at this point.
No information is available on the environment specific to the
point known as ‘Chinstrap Camp’. See ANT032 for more
information on the general features, vegetation and
meteorology of Elephant Island.
There are no research stations in the vicinity, with the nearest
~220 km southwest at King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 24 430 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding at ‘Chinstrap Camp’ in 1971 (Croxall & Kirkwood
1979). See IBA ANT032 for information on other birds observed in the Elephant Island area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) have been recorded at
other locations on Elephant Island (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Furse J.R. 1979. Elephant Island: an Antarctic expedition. Anthony Nelson, Shrewsbury.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 65
ANT031: Mount Elder, Elephant Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
55°09' W, 61°14' S
Area
184 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Mount Elder (~940 m) is located at southwestern Elephant
Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of
seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis
antarctica)) and comprises a low-lying ice-free shoreline
extending 4 km along the coastline, ~4 km east of Mount Elder
No information is available pertaining to the environment
specific the area of the IBA. See ANT032 for more information
on the general features, vegetation and meteorology of
Elephant Island.
There are no research stations in the vicinity, with the nearest
~200 km to the southwest at King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 14 960 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding in two main groups at this site in 1971 (Croxall &
Kirkwood 1979). Approximately 10 810 pairs were breeding at the northern site and 4150 pairs in the south.
See IBA ANT032 for information on other birds observed in the Elephant Island area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) have been recorded at
other locations on Elephant Island (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 66
ANT032: Point W of Cape Lookout, Elephant Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
55°15' W, 61°16' S
Area
106 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Elephant Island is the easternmost of the South Shetland
Islands, lying 153 km northeast of King George Island in
Bransfield Strait. The IBA comprises an ice free shoreline
extending ~2 km and rising to over 250 m located ~2 km west of
Cape Lookout. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) present.
Elephant Island is composed of metamorphosed sedimentary
rocks and the terrain is largely snow or ice-covered with steep
cliffs, narrow beaches, and glacier snouts hugging the shoreline
(Allison & Smith 1973). Ice-free habitat suitable for plants and
birds is found mainly on coastal headlands, raised marine
platforms, intervening valleys and low-lying beaches (Allison &
Smith 1973). No meteorological data are available for Elephant Island, although Allison and Smith (1973) recorded a
mean daily temperature of 1.4° C with minimum and maximum temperatures of –5° C and 15° C respectively.
There are no research stations in the vicinity, with the nearest facility 180 km to the southwest at King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 11 555 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were present at the western part of the site in 1971
(Croxall & Kirkwood 1979).
Other birds observed in the Elephant Island area include Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica), Cape Petrel
(Daption capense), Kerguelen Petrel (Lugensa brevirostris), Blue Petrel (Halobaena caerulea), Wilson’s Storm-petrel
(Oceanites oceanicus), Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica), Black-browed Albatross (Thalassarche
melanophrys), Grey-headed Albatross (Thalassarche chrysostoma), Light-mantled Albatross (Phoebetria palpebrata),
Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) and the Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) (Whitehouse & Veit 1994). Of these, Bruce &
Furse (1973) recorded ~50 breeding pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) on the island in 1970/71 (Croxall et al.
1995) and 190 breeding pairs of Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) were recorded in 1983 (M. Sanders pers. comm.
in Ritz et al. 2006).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Naveen (2003) reported that Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) and Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga
leonina) regularly haul out at Cape Lookout, 2 km to the east.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Allison, J.S. & Smith, R.I.L. 1973. The vegetation of Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands. British Antarctic Survey
Bulletin 33 & 34: 185-212.
Bruce, G. & Furse, C. 1973. Elephant Island Joint Services Expedition 1970-71. Ornithological Report. BAS Archives Doc.
1999/33/45.
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 67
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.
Ritz, M.S., Hahn, S., Janicke, T. & Peter, H.-U. 2006. Hybridisation between South polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
and Brown skua (C. antarctica lonnbergi) in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Polar Biology 29: 153-59.
doi:10.1007/s00300-005-0034-0
Whitehouse, M.J. & Veit, R.R. 2004. Distribution and abundance of seabirds and fur seals near the Antarctic Peninsula
during the austral winter 1986. Polar Biology 14 (5): 325-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 68
ANT033: Stinker Point, Elephant Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
55°23' W, 61°12' S
Area
288 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Stinker Point is located on the western coast of Elephant Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica))
and includes the ice free coastline extending ~9 km northwards
from ‘Point Wordie’, and includes Stinker Point. See ANT032 for
more information on the general features, vegetation and
meteorology of Elephant Island.
There are no research stations in the vicinity, with the nearest
being ~185 km to the southwest at King George Island.
Birds
Approximately 12 455 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding
at Stinker Point and ‘Point Wordie’ in 1971 (Croxall & Kirkwood
1979). A further 100 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were recorded at Mensa Bay, at the northern extent of the
IBA. Approximately 1000 pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) and 200 pairs of Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes
chrysolophus) were recorded breeding at ‘Point Wordie’ in 1971. Two small colonies of Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax
[atriceps] bransfieldensis), constituting 5 and 35 breeding pairs in 1971, are located close to the Chinstrap colonies at
Mensa Bay and at Stinker Point (Bruce & Furse 1973). Approximately 295 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes
giganteus) were nesting in several locations across the site in 1971 (Patterson et al. 2008). Two breeding pairs of King
Penguin (Aptenodytes patagonicus) were recorded at Stinker Point in 2009/10, suggesting a possible range extension
of this species (Petry et al. 2013). See IBA ANT032 for information on other birds observed in the Elephant Island area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) have been observed breeding at Stinker Point (M. Goebel (NOAA), pers.
comm. 2004). Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) are also present on the island (Naveen 2003).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Bruce, G. & Furse, C. 1973. Elephant Island Joint Services Expedition 1970-71. Ornithological Report. BAS Archives Doc.
1999/33/45.
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-24.
Petry, M., Basler, A., Valls, F., & Krüger, L. 2013. New southerly breeding location of king penguins (Aptenodytes
patagonicus) on Elephant Island (Maritime Antarctic). Polar Biology 36 (4): 603.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 69
ANT034: Gibbs Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
55°29' W, 61°29' S
Area
325 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Gibbs Island is a small island (~22 km
2
) located ~25 km to the
southwest of Elephant Island, bordered to the north by the
Loper Channel and to the south by Bransfield Strait. A narrow
strip of land known as The Spit joins Furse Peninsula in the east
to the main part of Gibbs Island in the west. The IBA comprises
Furse Peninsula at the eastern extremity of Gibbs Island, The
Spit and a small ice-free area on Gibbs Island west of The Spit.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Chinstrap Penguin
(Pygoscelis antarctica), Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides)
and Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus), and the high
concentration of seabirds present.
A range of lichens, mosses, algae and liverworts have been
recorded on Gibbs Island. On the south coast of the island,
~800 m west of The Spit, moss communities grow at altitudes of ~100 m (Allison & Smith 1973). Mosses, lichens and
algae are also found at the eastern extremity of Gibbs Island growing at elevations of 250 – 300 m. (Lindsay 1969, in
Allison & Smith 1973).
No long-term meteorological records exist for Gibbs Island. However, meteorological observations made in the
Elephant Island group between 10 Dec 1970 and 26 March 1971 show the mean daily temperature was 1.4° C with
minimum and maximum temperatures of below –5° C and 15° C respectively (Allison & Smith 1973). Cloud cover and
precipitation were frequent, with over 415 mm falling as snow or rain over the 107 days, and a mean wind speed for
the survey period of 7.2 ms
-1
.
Birds
Approximately 1672 pairs of Macaroni Penguin breed within the IBA, split between a large colony located at southern
Furse Peninsula and a small colony on the east side of The Spit (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979). Colonies of Chinstrap
Penguin breed in several ice-free areas west of The Spit, on The Spit and on southern Furse Peninsula, with 11 200,
6160 and 13 000 pairs respectively in 1977 (Croxall & Kirkwood 1979). A large number of Southern Fulmar also breed
in this area, on Furse Peninsula and to the west of The Spit, constituting around 18 680 pairs in 1971 (Furse 1978).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Allison, J.S. & Smith, R.I.L. 1973. The vegetation of Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands. British Antarctic Survey
Bulletin 33 & 34: 185-212.
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Furse, J.R. 1978. Joint Services Expedition to the Elephant Island group, 1976 – 77. Unpublished report, BAS archives,
Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 70
ANT035: Aspland Island / Eadie Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
55°55'23'' W, 61°28'11'' S
Area
1004 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Aspland Island and Eadie Island and O’Brien Island are ~40-50
km southwest of Elephant Island, in the eastern region of the
South Shetland Islands. Aspland Island is the largest of the two,
with its lower slopes being ice-free with a permanent ice cap
rising to 735 m covering higher terrain. Eadie Island is a small
rocky island approximately 2 km across, with an ice-capped
summit of over 250 m. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) and Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus
glacialoides)) and comprises both islands.
Over 80 terrestrial plant species have been recorded on
Elephant Island and its neighbouring islands. On Eadie Island,
these include the moss Orthotrichum crassifolium, the lichens
Caloplaca sp., Catillaria corymbosa and Unsea antarctica, and the alga Prasiola crispa (Allison & Smith 1973).
There are no scientific stations in the vicinity, with the nearest facility 155 km to the southwest on King George Island.
Birds
Sizeable colonies of Chinstrap Penguin breed on these islands, with approximately 8650 pairs on Aspland Island
(Croxall & Kirkwood 1979) and ~5150 pairs on Eadie Island in 1977.
Large colonies of Southern Fulmar also breed on these islands, with ~9800 pairs estimated on Aspland Island (Furse
1978) and ~8500 pairs estimated on Eadie Island in 1977 (Creuwels et al. 2007). Information on other species is not
available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Allison, J.S. & Smith, R.I.L. 1973. The vegetation of Elephant Island, South Shetland Islands. British Antarctic Survey
Bulletin 33 & 34: 185-212.
Creuwels, J.C.S., Poncet, S., Hodum, P.J. & van Franeker, J.A. 2007. Distribution and abundance of the Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides. Polar Biology 30: 1083-97.
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Furse, J.R. 1978. Joint Services Expedition to the Elephant Island group, 1976 – 77. Unpublished report, BAS archives,
Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 71
ANT036: O’Brien Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
55°58' W, 61°30' S
Area
168 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
O’Brien Island is part of the Elephant Island group of the South
Shetland Islands and lies several km southwest of Eadie Island
(IBA ANT035) in Bransfield Strait. O’Brien Island is largely ice
free with an ice-capped summit rising to over 250 m. The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present
(in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) and
Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides)) and comprises all of
O’Brien Island.
There are no research stations in the vicinity of the site, with
the nearest facility ~160 km to the southwest on King George
Island.
Birds
Approximately 21 400 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin and ~7880
pairs of Southern Fulmar were estimated as breeding on O’Brien Island in 1977 (Furse 1978). Information on other
bird species in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Furse, J. R. 1978. Joint Services Expedition to the Elephant Island group, 1976–77. Unpublished report, BAS archives,
Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 72
Stigant Point, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT054)
IBA criteria
Originally A4iii; Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
58°43' W, 62°01' S
Area
50 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Stigant Point lies on the northern coast of King George Island,
about 18 km northeast of Fildes Peninsula and 13 km southwest
of Davey Point. The IBA originally qualified on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprised the ice free
ground at Stigant Point and adjacent snow-slopes. The IBA no
longer qualifies and has been delisted.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline of
Admiralty Bay, located 19 km to the southeast of Stigant Point,
and which accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the
summer (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
A number of large scientific stations are located ~20 km
southwest on Fildes Peninsula, more information on which can be found under IBA ANT048.
Birds
The site originally qualified as an IBA because Woehler (1993) reported 10 893 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin at
Stigant Point, meeting the A4iii IBA criteria. However, data from Jablonski (1984) reported 9658 breeding pairs of
Chinstrap Penguin present at Stigant Point, 955 pairs present at Cieślak Point, and a further 280 pairs at a point 2 km
west of Cieślak Point. In addition, only 6775 pairs were reported at the site in January 1987 (Shuford & Spear 1988b).
More accurate mapping shows the colonies to be separated by a distance that exceeds the maximum allowed in the
seabird aggregation analysis, and therefore the site no longer qualifies as an IBA and has been delisted.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) breed at Stigant Point (M. Goebel (NOAA), pers. comm. 2004).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5:17-30
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 73
ANT037: Eastern Litwin Bay, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
58°33' W, 61°59' S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Litwin Bay is situated between Davey Point and Stigant Point on
the northern coast of King George Island. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises the
islets in Litwin Bay, the adjacent coastline of King George Island
and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline of
Admiralty Bay, located ~14 km to south, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
The site at Litwin Bay originally encompassed the ice free
ground at Davey Point (Harris et al. 2011). However, it has since been determined that only ~560 breeding pairs of
Chinstrap Penguin were present at Davey Point in 1980/81, while 8500 pairs were present at a small peninsula
southwest of Davey Point and a further 12 630 pairs were present on a number of islets situated in eastern Litwin Bay
(Jablonski 1984). The IBA boundary has therefore been adjusted to cover the area of Litwin Bay where the penguins
are concentrated, rather than the ice free ground at Davey Point where relatively few penguins are known to breed.
Shuford & Spear (1988b) reported an estimated 12 500 breeding pairs in the Davey Point area, however it is not clear
over which area this count was aggregated. Information on other bird species in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Harris, C.M., Carr, R., Lorenz, K. & Jones, S. 2011. Important Bird Areas in Antarctica: Antarctic Peninsula, South
Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands. Final Report for BirdLife International and UK Foreign &
Commonwealth Office. Environmental Research & Assessment, Cambridge.
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5: 17-30
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 74
ANT038: Tartar Island, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
58°26' W, 61°56' S
Area
12 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Tartar Island is a small (13 ha) ice-free oval-shaped island ~600
m across at its widest point and situated ~700 m northwest of
Round Point on the northern coast of King George Island. The
IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis
antarctica)) and comprises the whole of Tartar Island.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline
of Admiralty Bay, located ~18 km to south, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 18 640 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin
were present on Tartar Island in 1980 (Jablonski 1984). Shuford & Spear (1988b) reported an estimated 15 000 to
20 000 pairs, although this count is for Tartar Island and Round Point combined. Information on other bird species in
the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5:17-30.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT039: Kellick Island, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
58°24' W, 61°55' S
Area
13 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Kellick Island is a low-lying, ice-free island of ~13 ha lying ~2
km north of King George Island between Stigant Point and
False Round Point. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and includes all of Kellick
Island.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline
of Admiralty Bay, located ~19 km to south, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 26 890 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin
were present at Kellick Island in 1980 (Jablonski 1984). Shuford & Spear (1988b) reported an estimated 15 000 to
25 000 breeding pairs in January 1987. Information on other bird species in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5:17-30.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT040: Owen Island, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
58°24' W, 61°56' S
Area
17 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Owen Island is a small, roughly circular ice-free island situated
between Pottinger Point and Round Point ~500 m from the
northern coast of King George Island. The IBA qualifies on the
basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and includes all of
Owen Island.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline
of Admiralty Bay, located ~17 km to south, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 21 551 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin
were present at Owen Island in 1980 (Jablonski 1984). Shuford & Spear (1988b) estimated more than 12 500 breeding
pairs in January 1987. Information on other bird species in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5:17-30.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT041: Pottinger Point, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
58°21' W, 61°57' S
Area
51 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Pottinger Point is a low-lying ice-free promontory extending
~500 m on the northern coast of King George Island, between
Stigant Point and False Round Point, and 2 km southeast of
Kellick Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present and comprises
all of the ice-free ground at Pottinger Point.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline
of Admiralty Bay, located ~17 km to south, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 55 861 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin
were present at Pottinger Point in 1980 (Jablonski 1984). Shuford & Spear (1988b) reported an estimated 75 000 to
100 000 breeding pairs in January 1987. The colony at Pottinger Point is one of the largest in the South Shetland
Islands. Information on other bird species in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5:17-30.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT042: False Round Point, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
58°00' W, 61°54' S
Area
111 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
False Round Point is an ice-free headland on the northern coast
of King George Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present and
comprises all of the ice-free area at False Round Point.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline of
Admiralty Bay, located ~30 km to southwest, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 49 410 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were
present on the ice-free area at False Round Point in 1980
(Jablonski 1984), which is the second largest Chinstrap colony on King George Island after IBA ANT041 at Pottinger
Point. Shuford & Spear (1988b) reported an estimated 50 000 to 87 500 breeding pairs in January 1987, although this
count also included Chinstrap Penguins breeding on Pyrites Island, three small islets north of Gam Point, on Bach
Quartet and on an islet south of Le Petit Prince. Information on other bird species in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5: 17-30.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT043: Milosz Point / Czeslaw Point, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
57°45' W, 61°55' S
Area
52 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Milosz Point and Czeslaw Point are situated near Brimstone
Peak on the northern coast of King George Island, and lie ~4 km
west of North Foreland between Venus Bay and Emerald Cove.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica))
and comprises the entire ice-free area of Milosz Point and
Czeslaw Point.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline of
Admiralty Bay, located ~40 km to southwest, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 16 770 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were present at Milosz Point and Czeslaw Point in 1980
(Jablonski 1984). Shuford & Spear (1988b) estimated between 7500 to 8500 breeding pairs in January 1987, although
this was only a rough count. In view of the size of the colony, the age of count and interseasonal fluctuations in
breeding numbers, a conservative approach has been taken and the IBA has been retained pending further data.
Information on other birds breeding at the site is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5: 17-30.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT044: North Foreland, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
57°40' W, 61°54' S
Area
152 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
North Foreland is a headland extending several km from the
permanent ice cap at the northeastern extremity of King George
Island, lying at the eastern entrance to Emerald Cove. The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present
(in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and
includes all of the ice-free area at North Foreland.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) which operates year-round on the northern shoreline of
Admiralty Bay, located ~42 km to southwest, and which
accommodates a maximum of ~40 people in the summer
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 23 286 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were present at North Foreland in 1980 (Jablonski 1984).
Shuford & Spear (1988b) reported an estimated 30 100 breeding pairs in January 1987. Southern Giant Petrels
(Macronectes giganteus) are also believed to breed at North Foreland, with 248 pairs estimated nesting at the site in
1966 (Patterson et al. 2008). However, more recent census data for these species and other bird species in the area
are not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5: 17-30
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-124.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Cape Melville, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT063)
IBA criteria
Originally A4iii; Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
57°36' W, 62°01' S
Area
344 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Melville is a low-lying, ice-free headland at the eastern
extremity of King George Island. The original IBA qualified on
the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)). The IBA included all
of the ice-free area of Cape Melville and Ørnen Rocks, which lie
~1 km north of Cape Melville, and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) ~43 km to the west in Admiralty Bay, more information
on which can be found under IBA ANT037.
Birds
The site originally qualified as an IBA because Woehler (1993)
reported 16 278 breeding pairs of Chinstrap Penguin in the Cape
Melville area, meeting the A4iii IBA criteria. On closer investigation, Croxall & Kirkwood (1979) reported 3250 pairs of
Chinstrap Penguin at Cape Melville and 1100 pairs at Ørnen Rocks, based on counts made at the end of January 1966
with an estimated accuracy of ±10-15%. However, Jablonski (1984) reported 9970 pairs present at Cape Melville, and
6308 pairs present at Trowbridge Island, although the timing, method and accuracy of these counts are unknown.
Jablonski (1984) found no penguin colony at Ørnen Rocks, but rather Imperial Shags (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis), and noted the presence of shear coastal cliffs, perhaps making penguin breeding unlikely. The report
of a Chinstrap Penguin colony at Ørnen Rocks in Croxall & Kirkwood (1979) may be a case of mistaken identification.
Shuford & Spear (1988b) made a rough estimate (accuracy ±10-20%) of 4000 to 4500 pairs at Cape Melville and ~1000
pairs at Trowbridge Island, while no count was made at Ørnen Rocks. The number given in Woehler (1993) is an
aggregation of counts for Cape Melville and Trowbridge Island made by Jablonski (1984).
In view of the considerable uncertainty and lack of recent and reliable data, and taking into account that the colonies
at Cape Melville and Trowbridge Island are widely separated, it was concluded that the site does not presently qualify
as an IBA and it has been delisted.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5:17-30
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Penguin Island, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT064)
IBA criteria
Originally A4ii, A4iii; Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
57°56' W, 62°06' S
Area
182 ha
Altitude
0 – c.170 m
Protection
None
Site description
Penguin Island is an oval-shaped ice-free island ~1.6 km across
lying ~1 km southeast of Turret Point on the southern coast of
King George Island. The original IBA comprised all of Penguin
Island.
Penguin Island is an extinct volcanic cone, which rises to ~170 m
at Deacon Peak. The shoreline is generally of low cliffs, although
a beach on the northern coast offers the most practical access.
A small lake lies in the northeast of the island. Vegetation
includes a variety of lichens, mosses, and the two vascular plant
species Antarctic Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica) and
Antarctic Pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis) (ATS Visitor Site
Guide, Penguin Island, accessed 06/08/2010).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Comandante Ferraz
(Brazil) in Admiralty Bay ~25 km to the west, more information on which can be found under IBA ANT037.
Birds
The site originally qualified as an IBA because it supported a wide range of birds, including a substantial colony of
Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) breeding along the northern and northwestern shoreline, with 634
pairs recorded in 1999 (Naveen 2003). Southern Giant Petrel numbers have fluctuated, although appear to have
declined with 288 pairs recorded in 2012 (Antarctic Site Inventory (ASI) data; R. Naveen and H. Lynch pers. comm.
2014), on which basis the site no longer qualifies as an IBA.
Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) breed on the southern side of Penguin Island, with 2441 pairs recorded in 1997
(Naveen 2003). Approximately 7581 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) were breeding on Penguin
Island in 1980 (Jablonski 1984). ASI data reported that Adélie Penguins decreased to 54 breeding pairs in 2013, while
Chinstraps decreased to 1545 (R. Naveen and H. Lynch pers. comm. 2014). The combined number of penguins
present, and other seabirds, is no longer sufficient to qualify the site for IBA status.
Other confirmed breeders include the Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata), Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) and skuas
(Catharacta spp.). The Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) and Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) are frequent
visitors and may breed at the site, whilst the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) is a regular visitor
(ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Penguin Island).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) regularly haul out on
Penguin Island (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Penguin Island, accessed 06/08/2010).
Conservation issues
Penguin Island is a popular tourist destination, receiving an average of 1502 visitors annually (IAATO Tourism Statistics
2005-06 – 2009-10, accessed 06/08/2010). Tourist visits are managed by the ATS Visitor Site Guidelines for Penguin
Island, which provides specific procedures for visitors ashore to follow. Included are the requirements that visitors
maintain a separation distance of at least 50 m from Southern Giant Petrels and at least 5 m from all other wildlife,
and several breeding areas are completely closed to tourist visits. A trail has developed on the pedestrian route
leading to Deacon Peak (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Penguin Island, accessed 06/08/2010). It is unclear whether the

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 83
decline in Southern Giant Petrels is related to human disturbance, although this cannot be discounted as a possibility
and there is a need for more research into the causes of seabird decline on the island.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Penguin Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Penguin_e.pdf. Accessed 06/08/2010.
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5: 17-30
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Lions Rump, King George Island – Delisted (ex ANT065)
IBA criteria
Originally A4iii; Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
58°08' W, 62°08' S
Area
132 ha
Altitude
< c.190 m
Protection
ASPA No.151
Site description
Lions Rump is located on the southwest coast of King George
Bay, southern King George Island, South Shetland Islands. The
original IBA was defined by the boundary of Antarctic Specially
Protected Area No. 151. Relief at the site is varied and rises to
~190 m, with raised beaches, freshwater pools and streams
(ASPA No. 151 Management Plan, 2000).
ASPA No. 151 is designated to protect the ecological values of
the area, including vascular plants, lichens and diverse avian
fauna, and representative examples of maritime Antarctic
habitats (ASPA No. 151 Management Plan, 2000).
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Comandante
Ferraz (BRA) and Arctowski (POL), both located ~15 km west in
Admiralty Bay.
Birds
The site originally qualified as an IBA because in 1980 it supported ~12 345 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae) (Jablonski 1984), with smaller colonies of Gentoo (P. papua) and Chinstrap (P. antarctica)
penguins. Approximately 1105 breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin were present in 1980, whilst the Chinstrap colony
was estimated at 10 breeding pairs in the same year (Jablonski 1984). More recently, Adélie Penguins have declined to
3751 breeding pairs in 2010/11 (Korczak-Abshire et al. 2013), and the site no longer qualifies as an IBA.
Other confirmed breeders at the site are the Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Cape Petrel (Daption
capense), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica), Snowy Sheathbill
(Chionis albus), South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Kelp Gull (Larus
dominicanus) and the Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) (ASPA No.151 Management Plan, 2000).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seal (Mirounga leonina), Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) and Weddell Seal
(Leptonychotes weddellii) are reported to breed on beaches at Lions Rump (ASPA No. 151 Management Plan, 2000).
Conservation issues
Entry to ASPA No. 151 is by permit and the management plan requires visitors to minimise disturbance to birds.
Overflight by helicopters or fixed-wing aircraft must be at least 250 m offshore, and helicopters are not permitted to
land within the ASPA (ASPA No. 151 Management Plan, 2000). Although helicopters are used to access nearby stations
in Admiralty Bay, the site is not in the vicinity of the usual flight-paths to and from these stations.
Further reading
ASPA No. 151 Lions Rump, King George Island: Management Plan (2000).
Jablonski, B. 1984. Distribution and numbers of penguins in the region of King George Island (South Shetland Islands)
in the breeding season 1980/81. Polish Polar Research 5:17-30.
Korczak-Abshire, M., Węgrzyn, M., Angiel, P.J. & Lisowska, M. 2013. Pygoscelid penguins breeding distribution and
population trends at Lions Rump rookery, King George Island. Polish Polar Research 34 (1): 87-99.
doi:10.2478/popore.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT045: Point Hennequin, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
58°22'48" W, 62°06'57" S
Area
277 ha
Altitude
0 – 250 m
Protection
ASMA No.1
Site description
Point Hennequin is situated in the northeastern side of
Admiralty Bay, King George Island, at the entrance to Martel
Inlet. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present at the site. The IBA
comprises all of the ice free ground at Point Hennequin and lies
within ASMA No. 1 Admiralty Bay.
Vicente Station (summer-only, ECU) is located on Point
Hennequin and Comandante Ferraz (year-round, BRA) is
situated ~ 3km north on Keller Peninsula.
Birds
Seven bird species were breeding at Point Hennequin in
2004/05 (Table 045.1), while only five were recorded in
1978/79. The 3 newly recorded species include Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta
tropica) and Chilean Skua (Catharacta chilensis). South Polar Skua and Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) showed an
increase in population between the two surveys, whereas Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Brown Skua
(Catharacta antarctica) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) showed a decrease. Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis), Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua), Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and Chinstrap Penguin
(Pygoscelis antarctica) have been reported as visitors to Point Hennequin (Schneider et al. 2008).
Table 045.1: Breeding birds at Point Hennequin.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
1978/79
1
Breeding pairs
2004/05
2
South Polar Skua
Brown Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
Catharacta antarctica
9
116
10
2
Mixed (including Chilean Skua) /
Hybrid skua pairs
Catharacta maccormicki,
C. antarctica, C. chilensis
0
8
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
0
5
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
70
50
Black-bellied Storm-petrel
Kelp gull
Antarctic Tern
Fregetta tropica
Larus dominicanus
Sterna vittata
0
5
7
10
24
4
1
Source: Jablonski (1986) cited in Schneider Costa & Alves 2008.
2
Source: Schneider Costa & Alves 2008.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
See ANT046 for more information on conservation issues within ASMA No. 1.
Further reading
Schneider Costa, E. & Alves, M.A.S. 2008. The breeding birds of Hennequin Point an ice-free area of Admiralty Bay
(Antarctic Specially Managed Area) King George Island, Antarctica. Revista Brasileira de Ornitologia 16(2):
137-41.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT046: West Admiralty Bay, King George Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
58°28' W, 62°12' S
Area
1804 ha
Altitude
0 – c.350 m
Protection
ASPA No.128, ASMA No.1
Site description
Admiralty Bay lies on the southern coast of King George Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the numbers of Gentoo Penguin
(Pygoscelis papua) and the concentration of seabirds present (in
particular penguins). The IBA is defined by the boundary of
ASPA No. 128, which extends from Telefon Point in the
southwest to a point ~0.5 km south of Arctowski Station (POL).
The western shore of Admiralty Bay rises to a maximum
elevation of around 350 m and is shaped by glacial and coastal
marine processes. Approximately 80% of the IBA is permanently
covered by snow and ice (ASPA No. 128 Management Plan,
2014). Ice-free areas are located on raised beaches, moraines,
rocky headlands, islets and spurs. Several shallow beaches are
present on the northeastern coast.
ASPA No. 128 was designated to protect the diverse avian and mammalian fauna and locally rich vegetation, and
provides a representative example of a maritime Antarctic ecosystem (ASPA No. 128 Management Plan, 2014). The
site also lies within ASMA No. 1 Admiralty Bay.
Vegetation is typical of the maritime Antarctic, with lichens, mosses and the flowering plants Antarctic Hairgrass
(Deschampsia Antarctica) and Antartic Pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis) (ASPA No. 128 Management Plan, 2014).
The nearest permanent year-round scientific station is Arctowski (POL), located outside the IBA near Point Thomas.
Arctowski has a capacity for ~40 people in summer and 12 in winter (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed
25/08/2010). A small semi-permanent summer-only field camp (‘Copacabana’ (USA)) is located near the shore of
Admiralty Bay within the IBA and the ASPA ~3 km southeast of Arctowski station.
Birds
Twelve bird species breed at the site, detailed information on which may be found in the ASPA No. 128 Management
Plan (2014). In summary, approximately 15 151 pairs of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), 2287 pairs of Gentoo
Penguin and 2545 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin (P. antarctica) were recorded in 1994/95 (Ciaputa & Sierakowski 1999).
Four-year averages over 2009-12 showed 7032 pairs of Adélie, 4736 pairs of Gentoo, and 950 pairs of Chinstrap
Penguin (Ciaputa & Sierakowski 1999; US AMLR program unpublished data). Also breeding at the site are Southern
Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus), skua
(Catharacta maccormicki and C. antarctica), Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata), Wilson’s
Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica) (ASPA No. 128 Management
Plan, 2014).
Four South American bird species have also been recorded as temporary visitors: Black-necked Swan (Cygnus
melanocoryphus), South Georgia Pintail (Anas georgica), White-rumped Sandpiper (Calidris fuscicollis) and Wilson’s
Phalarope (Pharalopus tricolor) (ASPA No. 128 Management Plan, 2014).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina), Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) and Weddell Seals
(Leptonychotes weddellii) regularly haul out at the site, and Southern Elephant and Weddell seals have been observed
breeding in the area (ASPA No.128 Management Plan, 2014). Over winter, Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) and

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Crabeater Seals (Lobodon carcinophagus) are regularly observed on nearby ice floes (ASPA No. 128 Management Plan,
2014).
Conservation issues
Four permanent scientific stations (Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Poland) operate within close proximity of the IBA, with
associated activities and logistic support. In addition, Admiralty Bay is regularly visited by tourist vessels and yachts.
The concentration of activity increases the risk of accidents, such as an oil spill, which could have significant
implications for the IBA. Activities within Admiralty Bay are managed within ASMA No. 1, which aims to manage
potential conflicts of interest between different activities, and to minimise cumulative environmental impacts in the
area so that any environmental disturbance is kept to a minimum (ASMA No. 1 Management Plan, 2014).
All access and activities within ASPA No. 128 are strictly by permit. All helicopters landing at Arctowski Station should
approach from and depart towards the sea and avoid flying over bird colonies. All aircraft should maintain a horizontal
and vertical separation distance of 2000 ft (~610 m) from the coast and from the breeding wildlife within ASPA No.
128.
Further reading
ASPA No. 128 Western shore of Admiralty Bay, King George Island: Management Plan (2014).
ASMA No. 1 Admiralty Bay, King George Island: Management Plan (2014).
Ciaputa, P. & Sierakowski, K. 1999. Long-term population changes of Adélie, chinstrap, and gentoo penguins in the
regions of SSSI No. 8 and SSSI No. 34, King George Island, Antarctica. Polish Polar Research 20(4): 355-65.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT047: Potter Peninsula, King George Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
58°39' W, 62°15' S
Area
217 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
ASPA No.132
Site description
Potter Peninsula, King George Island, lies on the northeastern
shore of Maxwell Bay, bordered to the west by Potter Cove and
to the east by Stranger Point. Small bays along the shoreline
separate rocky headlands. The southern shoreline of Potter
Peninsula is designated ASPA No. 132 and the IBA is defined to
cover the same area. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South
Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) colony present, although
prior to recent declines in local numbers of Adélie Penguins
(Pygoscelis adeliae) also qualified on the basis of the high
concentration of seabirds present.
The site is largely ice free and comprises raised pebble beaches,
basaltic structures and moraines with relatively diverse
vegetation dominated by lichens (ASPA No. 132 Management
Plan, 2013).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Jubany (ARG), which operates year-round with a maximum capacity of 100
personnel (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 25/08/2010). Jubany Station is located ~500 m from in the
northwestern boundary of the ASPA and IBA. A number of other scientific stations also operate in Maxwell Bay, more
information on which can be found under IBA ANT048.
Birds
Potter Peninsula supports a diverse range of avifauna, with 14 554 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin recorded in
1988/89 (Aguirre 1995), most being at Stranger Point (ASPA No. 132 Management Plan, 2013). Aguirre (1995) also
recorded 2325 pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) and 265 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin (P. antarctica) breeding
in the summer of 1988-89. More recently, the Management Plan for ASPA No. 132 (2013) reported only 3000 pairs of
Adélie Penguin, although an increase in Gentoo Penguins to ~3800 pairs.
South Polar Skuas breed at the site, with 63 breeding pairs in 2002 (Ritz et al. 2006). In 1998, 46 pairs of Southern
Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) were recorded breeding on Potter Peninsula (Hahn et al. 1998), while 87 pairs
were recorded in 2007 (ACAP 2010b). In addition, approximately 200 breeding pairs of Storm-petrel (mainly Oceanites
oceanicus) are estimated in the area (ASPA No. 132 Management Plan, 2013). Other confirmed breeders include Cape
Petrel (Daption capense), Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), hybrid skuas (Catharacta sp.),
Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) (Hahn et al. 1998).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Large numbers of Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) haul out annually to breed on Potter Peninsula (ASPA
No. 132 Management Plan, 2013). A. Carlini (pers. comm. 2010) recorded 272 female Southern Elephant Seals in the
2006 season. Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) and occasionally Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii),
Crabeater Seals (Lobodon carcinophagus) and Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) haul out along beaches at this site.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Conservation issues
All access and activities at Potter Peninsula are undertaken strictly by permit under ASPA No. 132. Tourists and
recreational activities are prohibited within the ASPA. Jubany Station (ARG), with associated operational and support
activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Further reading
ACAP (Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels) 2010b. ACAP Species assessment: Southern Giant
Petrel Macronectes giganteus. Downloaded from http://www.acap.aq on 12/03/2015.
ASPA No. 132 Potter Peninsula, King George Island: Management Plan (2013).
Aguirre, C. A. 1995. Distribution and abundance of birds at Potter Peninsula, 25 de Mayo (King George) Island, South
Shetland Islands, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology 23: 23-31.
Hahn, S., Peter, H.-U., Quillfeldt, P. & Reinhardt, K. 1998. The birds of the Potter Peninsula, King George Island, South
Shetland Islands, Antarctica, 1965-1998. Marine Ornithology 26: 1-6.
Ritz, M.S., Hahn, S., Janicke, T. & Peter, H.-U. 2006. Hybridisation between South polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
and Brown skua (C. antarctica lonnbergi) in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Polar Biology 29: 153-59.
doi:10.1007/s00300-005-0034-0

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT048: Ardley Island, King George Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
58°56' W, 62°13' S
Area
122 ha
Altitude
0 – c.65 m
Protection
ASPA No.150
Site description
Ardley Island is located in Maxwell Bay, ~500 m from Fildes
Peninsula, King George Island. The island is ice-free, about 2 km
by 1 km in size, and is connected to Fildes Peninsula by an
isthmus that becomes submerged at high water (ASPA No. 150
Management Plan, 2009). Ardley Island is designated ASPA No.
150 for the diverse range of seabirds that breed within the area.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis
papua) colony present and is defined by the boundary of ASPA
No. 150, which includes all of Ardley Island.
Ardley Island is largely snow-free in summer and has relatlively
low relief rising to ~65 m (ASPA No. 150 Management Plan,
2009). The island supports some of the best developed plant
communities in the South Shetland Islands with ~250 lichen
species and numerous mosses and liverworts. Antarctic Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica) is well-established and
increasingly abundant on the island.
Ripamonti Station (CHL) is a small summer-only research facility with capacity for ~4 personnel located on the
northern coast of the island (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010). Six major scientific stations with a
combined capacity of more than 200 personnel are located within Maxwell Bay and nearby to the IBA: Great Wall
(CHN, 850 m), Eduardo Frei and Teniente Marsh (CHL, 1 km), Bellingshausen (RUS, 1.5 km), Artigas (URY, 2.9 km), King
Sejong (KOR, 6.5 km) and Jubany (ARG, 13 km).
Birds
Approximately 4635 breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin were present on Ardley Island in 2005/06 (ASPA No. 150
Management Plan, 2009, data from J. Valencia). Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) and Chinstrap Penguins (P.
antarctica) also breed at the site, with 334 pairs and 9 pairs respectively in 2005/06, and 260 pairs and 15 pairs
respectively counted on 11 Dec 2014 (H. Lynch pers. comm. 2015). A small number of Southern Giant Petrel
(Macronectes giganteus) breed on Ardley Island, estimated at 5 breeding pairs in 1998 (Patterson et al. 2008).
Other confirmed breeding species include the Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica), Cape Petrel
(Daption capense) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) frequent Ardley Island and are known to breed on beaches and sea ice in
Maxwell Bay between September and November (ASPA No. 150 Management Plan, 2009). Crabeater Seals (Lobodon
carcinophagus), Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) and Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are regularly
observed in the Ardley Island area and occasionally haul out on the island.
Conservation issues
All access and activities at Ardley Island are undertaken strictly by permit under ASPA No. 150. The IBA lies in close
proximity to relatively large research stations on Fildes Peninsula. In particular, the main flight path to the airstrip on
Fildes Peninsula passes near to Ardley Island, and the management plan for ASPA No. 150 recommends that overflight
restrictions at the site are followed. Aircraft landings, and tourists and recreational activities are prohibited within

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ASPA No. 150. A small area for recreational visitor access lies on the northern coast of Ardley Island outside of the
ASPA.
Long-term ornithological research on Ardley Island indicates a significant decline in Southern Giant Petrels on Ardley
Island since 1979 may be a direct result of disturbances from visitors, aircraft and constructions on the island and
nearby (ASPA No. 150 Management Plan, 2009).
Further reading
ASPA No. 150 Ardley Island, King George Island: Management Plan (2009).
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-24.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT049: Harmony Point, Nelson Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
59°12' W, 62°18' S
Area
3069 ha
Altitude
0 to c. 250 m
Protection
ASPA No.133
Site description
Harmony Point is an ice-free headland located on the western
coast of Nelson Island, South Shetland Islands. Harmony Point is
designated ASPA No. 133 and the IBA is defined to cover the
same area. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present and for the high
concentration of seabirds.
Harmony Point is of undulating topography rising to ~40 m, with
numerous streams and abundant vegetation comprising mainly
mosses, lichens, and two species of vascular plant (Deschampsia
antarctica and Colobanthus quitensis).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Great Wall (CHN), a
year-round facility with a capacity for 40 people situated on
King George Island, ~16 km to the northeast of Harmony Point
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 31/08/2010).
Birds
The ice-free area at Harmony Point supports a wide range of birds including one of the largest colonies of Chinstrap
Penguins in the Antarctic Peninsula region, with approximately 90 000 pairs present in 1995/96 (Silva et al. 1998) and
around 10 000 to 12 500 breeding pairs recorded at The Toe in 1987 (Shuford & Spear 1988b). In 1995/96, 3347
breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin were recorded and 45 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis). N. Coria (pers. comm. 2010) reported 395 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus)
breeding in 2009/10, which compares to 485 pairs recorded in 2004/05 (ACAP 2010b). Silva et al. (1998) reported 479
pairs of Cape Petrel (Daption capense), 144 pairs of Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus), 61 pairs of Brown Skua
(Catharacta antarctica), 128 pairs of Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), 173 pairs of Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata), and a
total of around 1000 pairs of Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta
tropica) at Harmony Point in 1995/96.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii), Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) and Southern Elephant Seal
(Mirounga leonina) frequently haul out on beaches at Harmony Point, and the latter have been recorded breeding
(Carlini et al. 2003). Crabeater Seals (Lobodon carcinophagus) are occasionally seen in the vicinity.
Conservation issues
ASPA No. 133 Harmony Point was designated to protect the terrestrial ecosystem and bird communities at Harmony
Point. All access is strictly by permit and aircraft access is required to follow a designated route that avoids bird
colonies. A small scientific research hut is located near the coast at the SE of Harmony Point.
Further reading
ACAP (Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels) 2010b. ACAP Species assessment: Southern Giant
Petrel Macronectes giganteus. Downloaded from http://www.acap.aq on 12/03/2015.
ASPA No. 133 Harmony Point, Nelson Island: Management Plan (2005).
Carlini, A.R., Poljak, S., Casaux, R., Daneri, G.A. & Gasco, M. 2003. Southern elephant seals breeding at Nelson Island
South Shetland Islands. Polish Polar Research 24(2): 143-47.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.
Silva P., Favero, M., Casaux, R. & Baroni, A. 1998. The status of breeding birds at Harmony Point, Nelson Island,
Antarctica, in summer 1995–96. Marine Ornithology 26: 75-78.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT050: Heywood Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
59°42' W, 62°19' S
Area
75 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Heywood Island is a small ice-free island lying ~3 km northwest
of Catharina Point, Robert Island, and ~6 km northeast of Table
Island, in the South Shetland Islands. Heywood Island is a
roughly crescent shaped, 1.4 km in length and 250 m across at
its narrowest point.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Chinstrap Penguin
(Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present. The IBA comprises all of
Heywood Island. Small rocky islands surround Heywood Island,
including Cornwall Island to the southwest, all of which are low-
lying and also provide suitable habitat for Chinstrap Penguins to
breed, although these lie outside of the IBA.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Luis Risopatron
(CHL), a summer-only facility located 5.5 km south of Heywood
Island with capacity for ~8 people (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010). This station is temporarily
closed.
Birds
Approximately 90 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were estimated breeding on Heywood Island in 1987 (S. & J. Poncet
pers. comm. cited in Woehler 1993), making it one of the largest Chinstrap Penguin colonies in the Antarctic Peninsula
region. More recent data and information on other bird species breeding at the site are not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT051: Yankee Harbour, Greenwich Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
59°46' W, 62°32' S
Area
197 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Yankee Harbour lies on the southwestern coastline of
Greenwich Island, South Shetland Islands. Yankee Harbour is
bordered by Glacier Bluff to the north and east, and enclosed by
Spit Point to the west. A large terraced beach in the southeast
of Yankee Harbour contains a melt pool, beyond which steep
scree slopes rise sharply inland to over 250 m. The IBA qualifies
on the basis of the Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) colony
present and comprises the ice-free area from Spit Point to the
foot of the permanent ice on Greenwich Island.
Mosses, lichens, algae and the flowering plants Antarctic
Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica) and Antarctic Pearlwort
(Colobanthus quitensis) are found at Yankee Harbour (ATS
Visitor Site Guidelines, Yankee Harbour). Yankee Harbour was
once a popular anchorage for sealers, with some artefacts still present. The nearest scientific station is Arturo Prat
(CHL), which has capacity for ~15 people and operates year-round on the northern coast of Greenwich Island ~7 km
from Yankee Harbour (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 23/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 4918 breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin were present on the beach and slopes around the southeast
shoreline of Yankee Harbour in 2003 (Lynch et al. 2008), and 4803 pairs in 2012/13 (Lynch et al. 2013). Skuas
(Catharacta spp.) also breed in the area although no census has been reported. Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) and
Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) are suspected breeders.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina), Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) and Antarctic Fur Seals
(Arctocephalus gazella) regularly haul out along the beaches of Yankee Harbour (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Yankee
Harbour). There are no records of seals breeding in the area.
Conservation issues
With its interesting history and wildlife, Yankee Harbour is a popular tourist destination, with an average of 2570
visitors landing annually (IAATO Tourism Statistics 2005–2010, accessed: 06/08/2010). Guidance for tourist visits is
available in the ATS Visitor Site Guidelines for Yankee Harbour. Tourists are generally in organised tours supervised by
expedition guides, and are advised to walk slowly and maintain a distance of at least 5 m from birds. Visitor impacts
on birds at the site are unknown, although because of the management measures in place are expected to be low.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Yankee Harbour.
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/yankee_e.pdf. Accessed 04/08/2010.
Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Lynch, H.J., Naveen, R. & Casanovas, P.V. 2013. Antarctic Site Inventory breeding bird survey data 1994 – 2013.
Ecology (Data Paper) 94(11): 2653. doi: 10.1890/13-1108.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT052: Half Moon Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
59°55' W, 62°35' S
Area
152 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Half Moon Island is a rocky island lying in Moon Bay, 2 km north
of Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands. Raised cobble
beaches line the south and central shorelines, while steep scree
slopes lead to a low summit at the north of the island. East-
facing slopes are typically snow-covered. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
colony present and comprises the entire island.
Several moss and lichen species and the native Antarctic
Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica) are found on Half Moon
Island (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Half Moon Island).
Cámara Station (ARG) (summer-only) is located in the southern
part of Half Moon Island and has capacity for ~36 people
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 24/08/2010).
Birds
South Polar Skua breed at several locations on Half Moon Island, mostly in the north, with 103 pairs recorded in the
1995-96 (Garcia Esponda et al. 2000). Approximately 2094 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) were
breeding on the island in December 2012 (Lynch et al. 2013). Antarctic Terns (Sterna vittata) nest in rocky outcrops
and 125 breeding pairs were recorded in 1995/96, along with 39 pairs of Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) (Garcia
Esponda et al. 2000). Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) also breed, with 377 pairs in 1995/96. Other birds
breeding in low numbers include the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis), Snowy Sheathbill
(Chionis albus), Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) and Black-bellied Storm-petrel
(Fregetta tropica) (Garcia Esponda et al. 2000).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) and Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) are regularly observed at local
beaches (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines Half Moon Island; Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Conservation Issues
Cámara Station (ARG) operates in close proximity to local breeding wildlife. Half Moon Island is one of the most
popular tourist destinations in the Antarctic Peninsula region, with 9760 tourists landing ashore in the 2009/10 season
(IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 06/08/2010). There is evidence of damage to soils and vegetation and concern
that visitors may disturb wildlife or damage breeding burrows (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Half Moon Island). Tourism
is supervised by expedition staff and station personnel.
Further Reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Half Moon Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Half_moon_e.pdf. Accessed: 06/08/2010.
Garcia Esponda, C.M.G., Coria, N.R. & Montalti, D. 2000. Breeding birds at Halfmoon Island, South Shetland Islands,
Antarctica, 1995/96. Marine Ornithology 28: 59-62.
Lynch, H.J., Naveen, R. & Casanovas, P.V. 2013. Antarctic Site Inventory breeding bird survey data 1994 – 2013.
Ecology (Data Paper) 94(11): 2653. doi: 10.1890/13-1108.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT053: Barnard Point, Livingston Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
60°19' W, 62°45' S
Area
156 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Barnard Point lies at the southern extremity of Livingston Island,
South Shetland Islands. The ice-free area rises to over 250 m in
the east where it meets the permanent ice cap. The IBA qualifies
on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in
particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and
comprises the coastal part of the ice-free area at Barnard Point.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Juan Carlos I (ESP),
a summer-only facility with capacity for ~25 personnel, and
Ohridiski (BGR), with capacity for 12 people, located on Hurd
Peninsula ~11 km to the northwest (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 10/05/2011).
No meteorological records are available for Barnard Point,
although the climate is expected to be similar to that of Base
Juan Carlos I, more information on which can be found under IBA ANT054.
Birds
Approximately 13 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin and 600 pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) were breeding
at Barnard Point in 1987 (S. & J. Poncet pers. comm., cited in Woehler 1993). A small number of Southern Giant
Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) breed at the site, estimated at 30 breeding pairs in 1986 (Patterson et al. 2008).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Juan Carlos I and Ohridiski stations, with accompanying local operational support by ships and aircraft, are in close
proximity to Barnard Point. However, overland and sea access to the site are relatively difficult from these stations, so
it is anticipated that relatively few visits are made by station personnel. False Bay is regularly visited by tourists, with
visits made in 7 of the 10 seasons from 2004-14, with a total of 10 vessels averaging 287 passengers per vessel.
However, few landings were made, with only three over this period and averaging 53 visitors per landing (IAATO
Tourism Statistics, accessed: 06/05/2015). Disturbance by visitors is thus expected to be low.
Further reading
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-124.
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT054: Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
61°05' W, 62°38' S
Area
9034 ha
Altitude
< c.265 m
Protection
ASPA No. 126
Site description
Byers Peninsula is a relatively large (6062 ha) ice-free
promontory at the western extremity of Livingston Island. Byers
Peninsula is designated as Antarctic Specially Protected Area
No. 126. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Antarctic Tern
(Sterna vittata) and Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) colonies
present. The IBA covers the same area as ASPA No. 126, and
includes the ice-free peninsula and part of the permanent ice
cap on Livingston Island, as well as several offshore islands and
ice-free areas to the east of Byers Peninsula.
Detailed information describing Byers Peninsula may be found
in the ASPA No. 126 Management Plan (2002), which is
summarised here. Sedimentary and fossiliferous strata are
present, together with rocks of volcanic origin. Well-preserved
sub-fossil whale bones occur on raised beaches. The site supports a sparse but varied flora and cyanobacteria,
including several rare cryptograms and the flowering plants Antarctic Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica) and
Antarctic Pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis). At least 56 lichen species, 29 mosses, 5 hepatics and 2 phanerogams have
been recorded at Byers Peninsula, making it one of the most diverse sites for terrestrial flora in maritime Antarctica.
Byers Peninsula contains numerous lakes, freshwater ponds and extensive streams, some of which provide habitat for
several native midges. Byers Peninsula has a large number of historical relics from the sealing expeditions of the early
1800s.
The climate at Byers Peninsula is likely to be similar to that of Base Juan Carlos I on Hurd Peninsula, which experiences
a mean annual temperature of below 0°C, with temperatures rising above 0°C for several months each summer.
Precipitation is around 800 mm/yr, mostly falling as rain during summer. The peninsula is generally snow-covered
except near the end of the summer. Winds prevail from the north and northwest and from the south.
The nearest permanent scientific stations to the IBA are Base Juan Carlos I (ESP) and Ohridiski (BGR) on Hurd
Peninsula, Livingston Island, around 30 km to the east. These stations have a capacity of 25 and 12 people respectively
(COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 10/05/2011).
Birds
This site is recognised for the high diversity of bird species breeding on ice-free areas, mainly near the coast in the
west and south (ASPA No. 126 Management Plan, 2002). Approximately 1760 pairs of Antarctic Tern and 449 pairs of
Kelp Gull were breeding on Byers Peninsula in 1965 (White, 1965 cited in ASPA No. 126 Management Plan, 2002).
Other confirmed breeders are the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Gentoo Penguin (P. papua), Wilson’s
Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus),
Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta tropica), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis), Brown Skua
(Catharacta antarctica) and Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus). Prions (Pachyptila sp.) and Snow Petrels (Pagodroma
nivea) have been recorded on Byers Peninsula, although these species are not confirmed breeders.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
A large number of Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) are known to breed and haul out on South Beaches.
Over 2500 individuals were recorded in one season, one of the largest concentrations of this species in the South
Shetland Islands (Torres et al. 1981 cited in ASPA No. 126 Management Plan, 2002). Non-breeding Weddell

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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(Leptonychotes weddellii), Crabeater (Lobodon carcinophagus) and Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx) seals occasionally
haul out around the shoreline.
Conservation issues
Access to Byers Peninsula is strictly by permit under ASPA No. 126. Thus, present-day human activity on Byers
Peninsula is restricted to scientific research and essential management. The impact of these activities are “believed to
be minor and limited to items such as campsites, footprints, markers of various kinds, sea-borne litter washed onto
beaches…and from human wastes and scientific sampling” (ASPA No. 126 Management Plan, 2002). Livingston Island
generally appears to be infrequently visited by tourist vessels (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed 06/08/2010).
Further reading
ASPA No. 126 Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island: Management Plan (2002).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island – Delisted (ex ANT046)
IBA criteria
Originally A4iii – Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
60°48' W, 62°28' S
Area
1248 ha
Altitude
< 82 m
Protection
ASPA No.149; CEMP Site No.2 (lapsed)
Site description
Cape Shirreff is an ice-free peninsula situated between Barclay
Bay and Hero Bay on the northern coast of Livingston Island. San
Telmo Island lies several km west of Cape Shirreff. The area is
designated as ASPA No. 149: Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Island.
The ASPA is designated to protect seabird and pinniped
populations that are subject to long term scientific monitoring.
The IBA was originally designated on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present, although the site no longer
qualifies because of recent declines in penguin populations.
Cape Shirreff is characterised by raised beaches and hills rising
to a maximum height of 82 m, with steep cliffs on the western
coast and long sand and gravel beaches on the east.
Two small permanent summer-only scientific stations are
located on the eastern coast of the peninsula near sea level; Guillermo Mann (CHL) and Cape Shirreff Field Station
(USA) have a combined capacity for ~12 personnel.
Birds
This site is recognised for the high diversity of avifauna present (ASPA No. 149 Management Plan, 2011). The most
abundant bird species is the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), with numbers previously fluctuating between
~5200 and ~10 400 breeding pairs in the 1980s. Gentoo Penguins (P. papua) breed in small colonies on the
northeastern and northwestern sides of the ice-free peninsula, alongside colonies of Chinstraps, and peaked at 1043
breeding pairs in 2000/01 (AMLR data). More recently the combined total for both species has remained less than
~6500 pairs, with <5000 in 2007/08 and 2008/09 (AMLR data). The site has therefore been delisted.
Other confirmed breeders include the Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Snowy
Sheathbill (Chionis albus), Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis),
Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and Black-bellied Storm-petrel (Fregetta
tropica) (ASPA No. 149 Management Plan, 2011). Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) are frequent
summer-visitors.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
The site contains the highest number of breeding Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) in the Antarctic Peninsula
region.
Conservation issues
Krill fishing is carried out within the foraging range of species breeding at Cape Shirreff, and the site is thus important
for ecosystem monitoring, which helps to meet the objectives of the Convention on the Conservation of Antarctic
Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR). Access to Cape Shirreff is strictly by permit under ASPA No. 149. Access is mainly
for research purposes and visitation is low.
Further reading
ASPA No. 149 Cape Shirreff and San Telmo Island Management Plan 2011.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT055: Baily Head, Deception Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
60°30' W, 62°58' S
Area
70 ha
Altitude
0 – c.160 m
Protection
ASMA No.4
Site description
Baily Head is a prominent rock headland forming the eastern
extremity of Deception Island. A black-sand beach forms the
eastern shoreline of Deception Island, running nearly 7 km
northward from Baily Head. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony present and
comprises the ice free ground at Baily Head, including the
headland and approximately 800 m of beach to either side.
A substantial melt-stream cuts through the ice cliffs at Baily
Head and drains to form a semi-circular ‘amphitheatre’ valley.
The valley slopes are often snow-covered until early summer
each year, when it is replaced by the terrestrial green alga
Prasiola crispa (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
More information on Deception Island and nearby stations can
be found under IBA ANT056.
Birds
Approximately 100 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding along the beach at Baily Head and on slopes rising
from the beach to a ridgeline of ~150 m in 1989 (S. & J. Poncet pers. comm.; Naveen & Lynch 2011). More recently,
50 408 breeding pairs were reported by the Antarctic Site Inventory in December 2013 (Naveen et al. 2013).
Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Cape Petrel (Daption capense) and Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) are also
confirmed breeders at Baily Head (ASMA No. 4 Management Plan, Appendix 5, 2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) frequently haul out along the beach at Baily Head and Weddell Seals
(Leptonychotes weddellii), Crabeater Seals (Lobodon carcinophagus), Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and
Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) have also been observed hauled out at this site (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Conservation issues
More information on conservation issues and management at Deception Island can be found under IBA ANT056.
Further reading
ASMA No. 4 Deception Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan (2005).
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.
Naveen, R., Lynch,H.J., Forrest, S., Mueller, T. & Polito, M. 2012. First direct, site-wide penguin survey at Deception
Island, Antarctica suggests significant in breeding chinstrap penguins. Polar Biology 35(12): 1879-88.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT056: Vapour Col, Deception Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
60°44' W, 62°59' S
Area
132 ha
Altitude
0 – c.340 m
Protection
ASMA No.4
Site description
Vapour Col lies above the southwestern coast of Deception
Island, South Shetland Islands. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and comprises ice-free ground
rising steeply from the shore of Deception Island to around 340
m at Vapour Col.
Deception Island is a currently dormant volcanic caldera flooded
by the sea, although the last eruption was in 1967-70. Large
colonies of wildlife and a diversity of cryptograms, lichens and
invertebrates are found on Deception Island. The island is
designated as Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 4 to help
manage scientific and tourist use of the island and to protect its
exceptional flora and fauna, historical features and scientific
values (ASMA No. 4 Management Plan, 2005).
The climate at Deception Island shows average annual air temperatures of 2.9°C at sea level with prevailing winds
from the northeast and west. Precipitation is ~500 mm mean annual water equivalent, falling on more than half of
summer days (ASMA No. 4 Management Plan, 2005).
The nearest permanent scientific stations to the IBA are Decepciòn (ARG) and Gabriel de Castilla (ESP) located on the
coast of Port Foster, Deception Island, around 800 m and 1.4 km northeast of the IBA respectively. These summer-only
stations have a combined capacity of 90 people (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 23/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 7500 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding on the coastal ice-free area near Vapour Col in 1987
(Shuford & Spear 1988b). A more recent census in December 2011 recorded 19 177 pairs (Naveen et al. 2013).
Information on other bird species at Vapour Col is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella), Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii), Crabeater Seals (Lobodon
carcinophagus), Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are frequently
observed hauled out on the inner and outer coasts of Deception Island (ASMA No. 4 Management Plan, 2005).
Conservation issues
Activities at Deception Island are carried out under the Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 4.
Station personnel are required to follow guidelines in the Management Plan, the implementation of which is
monitored by national programmes operating in the area.
Deception Island is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Antarctica, with an average of 14 600 tourists
visiting the site by ship annually from 2005-10 (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 06/08/2010). Tourists follow a
Code of Conduct (ASMA No. 4 Management Plan, Appendix 5, 2005), which directs recreational visits to selected sites.
Tourists are discouraged from visiting other areas, including the colony near Vapour Col, so visitor impacts on the
avifauna at Vapour Col are likely to be low.
ASPAs No. 140 and No. 145 are designated at Deception Island, although these are protected for reasons related to
terrestrial and marine ecology rather than for birds.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Birds inhabiting volcanic islands typically exhibit higher mortality rates than at other locations due to the unstable
nature of the environment, including geothermal activity, eruptions, gas seeps, and earthquakes (Convey et al. (1999)
in Kendall et al. (2009)).
Further reading
ASMA No. 4 Deception Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan (2005).
Kendall, K., Ruhl, H. & Wilson, R. 2003. Distribution and abundance of marine bird and pinniped populations within
Port Foster, Deception Island, Antarctica. Deep Sea Research Part II: Tropical studies in Oceanography 50
(10): 1873-88.
Naveen, R., Lynch,H.J., Forrest, S., Mueller, T. & Polito, M. 2012. First direct, site-wide penguin survey at Deception
Island, Antarctica suggests significant in breeding chinstrap penguins. Polar Biology 35(12): 1879-88.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT057: Cape Wallace, Low Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
62°12' W, 63°14' S
Area
246 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
ASPA No.152 applies to adjacent marine area.
Site description
Low Island is the southernmost of the South Shetland Islands,
and is situated in the western region of Bransfield Strait. Cape
Wallace is a rocky headland extending around 3 km at the
northwestern extremity of Low Island. The IBA qualifies on the
basis of the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) colony
present and includes the ice free area on northern coast of Cape
Wallace.
The nearest permanent scientific stations to Cape Wallace are
Decepción (ARG) and Gabriel de Castilla (ESP), located ~80 km
to the northeast at Deception Island. These summer-only
stations have a combined capacity of 90 people.
Birds
Approximately 75 000 to 150 000 breeding pairs of Chinstrap
Penguin were estimated at Cape Wallace in 1987 (Shuford & Spear 1988b), making it the largest colony on Low Island
and one of the largest in the region. A small group of ~250 breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) were
nesting close to the Chinstraps in 1987 (Shuford & Spear 1988a). A further 25 000 to 50 000 breeding pairs of
Chinstrap Penguin were estimated at a bluff south of Cape Wallace and 25 000 pairs were estimated at an island
north-east of Cape Wallace (Shuford & Spear 1988b). Cape Petrel (Daption capense) and Southern Giant Petrel
(Macronectes giganteus) are known to breed at Cape Wallace (Hodum et al. 2004; Patterson et al. 2008).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ASPA No. 152 Western Bransfield Strait: Management Plan (2010).
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-24.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988a. Surveys of breeding penguins and other seabirds in the South Shetland Islands,
Antarctica, January-February 1987. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/NEC-59.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT058: Cape Hooker, Low Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
61°58' W, 63°19' S
Area
28 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Low Island is the southernmost of the South Shetland Islands,
and is situated in the western region of Bransfield Strait. Cape
Hooker is a rocky headland at the eastern extremity of Low
Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of
seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis
antarctica)) and includes the ice-free area of Cape Hooker.
The nearest permanent scientific stations to Cape Hooker are
Decepción (ARG) and Gabriel de Castilla (ESP), located ~75 km
to the northeast at Deception Island. These summer-only
stations have a combined capacity of 90 people.
Birds
The IBA originally encompassed the ice free ground north of
Cape Hooker (Harris et al. 2011). However, recent analysis
shows that only around 50 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin breed on the ice-free peninsula north of Cape Hooker, whereas
7500 – 10 000 pairs breed at Cape Hooker itself (Shuford & Spear 1988b). Croxall & Kirkwood (1979) reported 10 000
– 15 000 pairs at Cape Hooker in Jan 1975. The IBA boundary has been adjusted to encompass the main breeding area
at Cape Hooker. Recent data and information on other birds breeding in the area are not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P. & Kirkwood, E.D. 1979. The distribution of penguins on the Antarctic Peninsula and Islands of the Scotia
Sea. British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge.
Harris, C.M., Carr, R., Lorenz, K. & Jones, S. 2011. Important Bird Areas in Antarctica: Antarctic Peninsula, South
Shetland Islands, South Orkney Islands. Final Report for BirdLife International and Polar Regions
Department, UK Foreign & Commonwealth Office. Environmental Research & Assessment, Cambridge.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT059: Cape Garry, Low Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
62°15' W, 63°21' S
Area
107 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
ASPA No.152 applies to adjacent marine area.
Site description
Low Island is the southernmost of the South Shetland Islands,
and is situated in the western region of Bransfield Strait. Cape
Garry lies at the southwest extremity of Low Island and is a
small, largely ice-covered headland about 1.5 km in length. The
IBA qualifies on the basis of the Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis
antarctica) colony present and includes the ice free area of
Cape Garry.
The coastline of Low Island forms the northeastern boundary of
ASPA No. 152, recognised as an important site of long-term
scientific research on several fish species, including Black
Rockcod (Notothenia coriiceps) and the icefish Chaenocephalus
aceratus (ASPA No. 152 Management Plan, 2003). The IBA lies
outside of the ASPA.
The nearest permanent scientific stations to Cape Garry are Decepción (ARG) and Gabriel de Castilla (ESP), located
~90 km to the northeast at Deception Island. These summer-only stations have a combined capacity of 90 people.
Birds
Around 100 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin breed at Cape Garry (Shuford & Spear 1988b), constituting the second
largest Chinstrap colony on Low Island, the largest being at Cape Wallace. A small number of Imperial Shags
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) breed close to the Chinstraps, constituting 10 pairs in 1987 (Shuford & Spear
1988a).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ASPA No. 152 Western Bransfield Strait: Management Plan (2010).
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988a. Surveys of breeding penguins and other seabirds in the South Shetland Islands,
Antarctica, January-February 1987. NOAA Technical Memorandum NMFS-F/NEC-59.
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT060: Jameson Point, Low Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
62°15' W, 63°17' S
Area
34 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
ASPA No.152 applies to adjacent marine area.
Site description
Low Island is the southernmost of the South Shetland Islands,
and is situated in the western region of Bransfield Strait.
Jameson Point is a small headland that lies on the western coast
of Low Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica)) and includes the ice free area
~1 km north of Jameson Point.
ASPA No. 152 Western Bransfield Strait covers the marine area
adjacent to the west of Jameson Point, more information on
which is available under IBA ANT059. The IBA lies outside of the
ASPA.
The nearest permanent scientific stations to Jameson Point are
Decepción (ARG) and Gabriel de Castilla (ESP), located ~80 km
to the northeast at Deception Island. These summer-only stations have a combined capacity of 90 people.
Birds
Approximately 20 000 to 35 000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin were breeding at Jameson Point in 1987 (Shuford & Spear
1988b). Information on other birds breeding in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ASPA No. 152 Western Bransfield Strait: Management Plan (2010).
Shuford, W.D. & Spear, L.B. 1988b. Surveys of breeding Chinstrap Penguins in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 81: 19-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Erebus and Terror Gulf
ANT061: Ambush Bay, Joinville Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
55°23'45" W, 63°11'16" S
Area
69 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Ambush Bay is situated on the northern coast of Joinville Island,
southeast of King Point. It is ~ 6 km long and 4 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises all of the ice free ground on the eastern side of the
bay.
The summer-only station Petrel (ARG) is located 54 km to the
southwest on Dundee Island and the year-round station
Esperanza (ARG) and summer only station Elichiribehety (URY) is
situated 86 km to the southwest in Hope Bay
Birds
Approximately 17 621 breeding pairs (95% CI: 10 630, 28 934) of
Adélie Penguin were present at the eastern coast of Ambush Bay as estimated from December 2011 satellite imagery
(Lynch & LaRue 2014). The penguins breed along the beach on the ice free ground. A breeding colony was reported
here in 1978, although no census was made (Elliott et al. 1978). No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Elliott, D.H., Watts, D.R., Alley, R.B. & Gracanin, T.M. 1978. Bird and seal observations at Joinville Island and offshore
islands. Antarctic Journal of the United States 13: 154-55.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT062: Danger Islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
54°39'40'' W, 63°25'06'' S
Area
3017 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Danger Islands lie ~19 km southeast of Joinville Island, in the
Erebus and Terror Gulf. The site comprises several small islands
which are largely ice-free. The Danger Islands lie ~50 km
northeast of IBAs ANT065: Eden Rocks and ANT066 Paulet
Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies present and the concentration of
seabirds, and includes all of the islands in the eastern part of
the Danger Islands group and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Petrel (ARG), a
summer-only facility for up to ~55 people (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 06/08/2010) located ~70 km to the west on
Dundee Island.
Birds
A large number of Adélie Penguins breed in the Danger Islands group, with between 285 115 and 305 165 Adélie
Penguin nests estimated in 1996 (Naveen & Lynch 2011). Breeding occurs on slopes and ridges across most of the
islands in the group (Elliott et al. 1978; Naveen & Lynch 2011; Lynch & LaRue 2014; Lynch & Schwaller 2014). Brash
and Earle islands possess breeding colonies of Pygoscelid penguins of sufficient size and distance from each other and
the other islands to warrant qualification as IBAs in their own right, and these are described in IBAs ANT063 and
ANT064. Numbers of breeding pairs of Pygoscelid penguins on the remaining islands were estimated by Lynch & LaRue
(2014) and Lynch & Schwaller (2014) (Table 062.1).
Table 062.1: Estimates of the number of breeding pairs of Pygoscelid penguins on northeastern Danger Islands
Island
Species
Breeding Pairs
95% CI
Source
Heroína
Pygoscelis adeliae
51 358
31 184, 83 938
Lynch & LaRue 2014
Beagle
Pygoscelis adeliae
96 892
59 507, 158 260
Lynch & LaRue 2014
Comb (Peine
1
)
Pygoscelis adeliae
3 311
1805, 5564
Lynch & LaRue 2014
Platter (Plato
1
)
Pygoscelis adeliae
27 902
16 876, 45 600
Lynch & LaRue 2014
Darwin
Pygoscelis sp.
7 419
5384, 9931
Lynch & Schwaller 2014
Totals
186 882
1
Geographical name used in Lynch & LaRue 2014.
Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua) also breed on the Danger Islands in small numbers, with 215 pairs present on
Heroína Island in 1996 and 173 chicks counted in late Jan 2009, reported by the Antarctic Site Inventory (Naveen &
Lynch 2011; Lynch et al. 2013).
Other birds thought to breed at the site include the Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus),
Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and
Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata). Occasional visitors include Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Southern Giant
Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) have been observed hauled out at Heroína Island (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Conservation issues
Only a small number of tour vessels appear to frequent the Danger Islands, with an annual average of 237 visitors
(passengers, staff and crew) to Heroína Island (IAATO Tourism Statistics 2005-10, accessed: 06/08/2010).
Further reading
Elliott, D.H., Watts, D.R., Alley, R.B. & Gracanin, T.M. 1978. Bird and seal observations at Joinville Island and offshore
islands. Antarctic Journal of the United States 13: 154-55.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Lynch, H.J. & Schwaller, M.R. 2014. Mapping the abundance and distribution of Adélie Penguins using Landsat-7 : first
steps towards an integrated multi-sensor pipeline for tracking populations at the continental scale. PLoS
ONE 9(11): 5-12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113301
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT063: Brash Island, Danger Islands
IBA criteria
A1(?), A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
54°45'30'' W, 63°38'09'' S
Area
63 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Danger Islands lie ~19 km southeast of Joinville Island, in the
Erebus and Terror Gulf. Brash Island is ice-free and of low
elevation, is around 1 km in length, and is the most westerly of
the Danger Islands. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Pygoscelid penguin colony present and the concentration of
seabirds.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Petrel (ARG), a
summer-only facility for up to ~55 people (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 06/08/2010) located ~70 km to the east on
Dundee Island.
Birds
A large number of Pygoscelid penguins are likely to breed on
Brash Island. Lynch & Schwaller (2014) identified from satellite
imagery a large penguin colony on Brash Island and estimated ~166 078 breeding pairs (95% CI 123 666, 228 268). The
penguin species present has yet to be determined, although it is likely to be predominantly either Adélie (Pygoscelis
adeliae) or Chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) penguin.
Other birds thought to breed at Danger Islands include the Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis
albus), Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites
oceanicus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata). Occasional visitors include Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica),
Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax
[atriceps] bransfieldensis) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Only a small number of tour vessels appear to frequent the Danger Islands, with an annual average of 237 visitors
(passengers, staff and crew) to Heroína Island (IAATO Tourism Statistics 2005-10, accessed: 06/08/2010).
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & Schwaller, M.R. 2014. Mapping the abundance and distribution of Adélie Penguins using Landsat-7 : first
steps towards an integrated multi-sensor pipeline for tracking populations at the continental scale. PLoS
ONE 9(11): 5-12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113301
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT064: Earle Island, Danger Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
54°46'46'' W, 63°29'14'' S
Area
20 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Danger Islands lie ~19 km southeast of Joinville Island, in the
Erebus and Terror Gulf. Earle Island is ice-free and of low
elevation, is around 0.5 km across, and is the most southerly of
the Danger Islands. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Pygoscelid
penguins) and comprises all of Earle Island.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Petrel (ARG, a
summer-only facility for up to ~55 people (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 06/08/2010) located ~70 km to the east on
Dundee Island.
Birds
A large number of Pygoscelid penguins are likely to breed on
Earle Island. Lynch & Schwaller (2014) identified from satellite
imagery a large penguin colony on Earle Island and estimated ~23 649 breeding pairs (95% CI 17 361, 32 163). The
species present has yet to be determined, although it is likely to be predominantly either Adélie (Pygoscelis adeliae) or
Chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) penguin.
Other birds thought to breed at Danger Islands include the Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis
albus), Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites
oceanicus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata). Occasional visitors include Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica),
Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax
[atriceps] bransfieldensis) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Only a small number of tour vessels appear to frequent the Danger Islands, with an annual average of 237 visitors
(passengers, staff and crew) to Heroína Island (IAATO Tourism Statistics 2005-10, accessed: 06/08/2010).
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & Schwaller, M.R. 2014. Mapping the abundance and distribution of Adélie Penguins using Landsat-7 : first
steps towards an integrated multi-sensor pipeline for tracking populations at the continental scale. PLoS
ONE 9(11): 5-12. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0113301
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 113
ANT065: Eden Rocks
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
55°41' W, 63°30' S
Area
73 ha
Altitude
≤ c.90 m
Protection
None
Site description
Eden Rocks lie 1.5 km from the eastern coast of Dundee Island,
in the Erebus and Terror Gulf. The rocks were first charted in
1842 by James Clark Ross. IBA ANT066: Paulet Island lies ~9 km
to the southwest. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie
Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony present and comprises two
rocks rising to around 90 m and the intervening sea.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Petrel (ARG), a
summer-only facility for up to ~55 people (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 06/08/2010) located ~30 km to the west on
Dundee Island.
Birds
Two large colonies of Adélie Penguin were recorded breeding
on Eden Rocks in 1996, with approximately 20 000 pairs in the
west colony and 26 750 pairs in the east colony (total between 44 249 and 49 460 pairs) (Naveen et al. 2000). Other
confirmed breeders in the area include Cape Petrel (Daption capense) and skua (Catharacta spp.). Occasional visitors
include Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus), Wilson’s Storm-petrel
(Oceanites oceanicus) and Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Visitor landings at Eden Rocks are difficult due to the surrounding uncharted waters and variable ice conditions
(Naveen & Lynch 2011). Visits to the site are infrequent and human disturbance is expected to be minimal.
Further reading
Naveen, R., Forrest, S. C., Dagit, R. G., Blight, L. K., Trivelpiece, W. Z. & Trivelpiece, S. G. 2000. Cenus of penguin, blue-
eyed shag, and southern giant petrel populations in the Antarctic Peninsula region, 1994-2000. Polar Record
36: 323-34.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 114
ANT066: Paulet Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4i, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
55°46' W, 63°35' S
Area
259 ha
Altitude
0 - ~350 m
Protection
None
Site description
Paulet Island is situated ~5 km southeast of Dundee Island, east
of northern Trinity Peninsula, in the Erebus and Terror Gulf. The
extinct and ice free volcanic cone is ~1.7 km in diameter and
rises to ~350 m in height (ATS Visitor Site Guide: Paulet Island,
accessed 06/08/2010). The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colonies present and
the large concentration of seabirds, and comprises the whole
island.
Scree slopes lie on the southern and western slopes of the
island. A flat terrace to the north and northeast, to which visitor
access is restricted, is frequently submerged at high tide.
Historic Site and Monument No. 41 is located on Paulet Island,
and comprises a stone hut, rock cairn and grave originating from the Swedish South Polar Expedition of 1901-04.
The nearest scientific station is Petrel (ARG), a summer-only facility for up to ~55 people (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 06/08/2010) and located on Dundee Island ~25 km to the northwest.
Birds
Approximately 100 000 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were recorded breeding around meltwater lakes and on
elevated ridges on the northeast of Paulet Island in 1999 (Naveen & Lynch 2011). Approximately 465 breeding pairs of
Imperial Shag were recorded breeding amongst the Adélie Penguins in 2007 (Lynch et al. 2008). More recently, 548
breeding pairs of Imperial Shag were reported by the Antarctic Site Inventory in January 2012 (R. Naveen and H. Lynch
pers. comm. 2014). Previous records indicate most shags nest on a basaltic stack and nearby cliff on the northern
shoreline (Naveen & Lynch 2011). Croxall et al. (1995) estimated 300 pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) were
breeding on Paulet Island in 1992. The Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) is also a confirmed breeder whilst the Snowy
Sheathbill (Chionis albus) and Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) are frequently observed and may breed in
the area (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines: Paulet Island).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) and Antarctic Fur Seal (Arctocephalus gazella) regularly haul out at Paulet
Island, whilst Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) are frequently observed offshore (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines: Paulet
Island).
Conservation issues
Paulet Island is a popular destination for tour vessels. The annual average number of visitors (passengers, staff and
crew) landing at Paulet Island from 2005-10 was 6037 (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 06/08/2010). ATS Visitor
Site Guidelines provide guidance for tourist visits, which are generally in organised groups supervised by expedition
guides.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Paulet Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Paulet_e.pdf. Accessed 06/08/2010

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 115
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 116
ANT067: D’Urville Monument, Joinville Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
56°17' W, 63°25' S
Area
120 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
D’Urville Monument is a small ice-free area (127 ha) at
southwest Joinville Island, on the northern shore of Active
Sound and facing Petrel Cove. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Adélie
Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and covers the ice-free area at the
site.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Petrel (ARG), a
summer-only facility for up to ~55 people (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 06/08/2010) located ~6 km to the southwest
on Dundee Island.
Birds
Approximately 10 000 pairs of Adélie Penguin and over 670
pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) breed at D’Urville
Monument (Lynch et al. 2008).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Naveen (2003) reported D’Urville Monument was rarely visited at that time. There are no known conservation issues.
Further reading
Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 117
ANT068: Madder Cliffs, Joinville Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
56°29' W, 63°18' S
Area
55 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Madder Cliffs lie at the northern entrance to Kinnes Cove at the
western extremity of Joinville Island, Erebus and Terror Gulf. A
rocky beach lies below scree and tuff ridges and cliffs, with the
distinctive red rocks that give the site its name. The IBA qualifies
on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in
particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and comprises
the ice-free area at Madder Cliffs.
Snow algae and Prasiola crispa have been reported at the site
(Naveen 2003).
The nearest permanent scientific research stations are Petrel
(ARG), Esperanza (ARG) and Teniente de Navio Ruperto
Elichiribehety (URY), more information on which can be found
under IBAs ANT067 and ANT074.
Birds
A rough estimate made in 2003 indicated around 20 000 – 25 000 pairs of Adélie Penguin breed at Madder Cliffs,
located along exposed ridges and knolls above the beach (Naveen & Lynch 2011). Gentoo Penguins (Pygoscelis papua)
also breed at the site and around 450 chicks were counted in 2005 (Lynch et al. 2008). Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus)
and Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) are also confirmed breeders at the site (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 118
ANT069: Snow Hill Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
57°27' W, 64°31' S
Area
214 ha
Altitude
0 to < 200 m
Protection
None
Site description
Snow Hill Island lies 5 km to the southeast of James Ross Island
and less than 2 km to the southwest of Seymour Island, off the
eastern coast of Trinity Peninsula. Snow Hill Island is nearly
entirely covered by snow and ice. The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present at
the southwest extremity of the island and comprises 263 ha of
sea ice adjacent to the coast.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Marambio (ARG),
which operates year-round ~53 km to the northeast on
Seymour Island and has capacity for ~150 people (COMNAP,
Antarctic Facilities, accessed 19/08/2010).
Birds
A visual ground count made in November 2004 recorded ~3885
downy Emperor Penguin chicks on fast ice ~400 m from ice cliffs on the southern coast of Snow Hill Island (Todd et al.
2004). While a recent count based on analysis of a satellite image acquired 26 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated
2164 penguins present, which would not qualify under the IBA population criteria, in view of the historical size of the
colony and uncertainty over current numbers, the IBA has been retained.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Todd et al. (2004) noted over 100 dead Emperor Penguin chicks in the November 2004 census, although the majority
of chicks were healthy. The cause of the deaths is unknown.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Todd, F.S., Adie, S. & Splettstoesser, J.F. 2004. First ground visit to the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri colony at
Snow Hill Island, Weddell Sea, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology 32: 193-94.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 119
ANT070: Penguin Point, Seymour Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
56°43' W, 64°18' S
Area
294 ha
Altitude
0 to < 100 m
Protection
None
Site description
Penguin Point lies on the southeastern coastline of Seymour
Island, east of James Ross Island. The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the large concentration of seabirds present (in particular
Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and comprises an area of
326 ha extending 1260 m inland from Penguin Point.
Penguin Point is a sparsely vegetated area of ice-free ground
with a gently sloping cobble beach that is frequently obstructed
by ice (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Marambio (ARG),
which lies ~8 km to the northeast. Marambio operates year-
round with peak capacity for ~150 people and a winter
complement of ~55 (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed
19/08/2010).
Birds
Based on a rough count, approximately 26 400 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were present at Penguin Point in 2006
(Naveen & Lynch 2011). More recently, Lynch et al. (2013) estimated ~16 015 pairs were present in 2009/10. Other
confirmed breeders include South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Kelp
Gulls (Larus dominicanus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii) and Antarctic Fur (Arctocephalus gazella) seals regularly haul out at Penguin Point
(Naveen 2003).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J., Naveen, R. & Casanovas, P.V. 2013. Antarctic Site Inventory breeding bird survey data 1994 – 2013.
Ecology (Data Paper) 94(11): 2653. doi: 10.1890/13-1108.1
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 120
ANT071: Cockburn Island
IBA criteria
A4i, A4iii
Coordinates
56°51' W, 64°12' S
Area
409 ha
Altitude
0 – c.450 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cockburn Island is a small, oval-shaped, ice-free island rising to
around 450 m and lying 5 km northwest of Seymour Island. The
IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax
[atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and the large
concentration of seabirds (in particular Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae)), and comprises all of Cockburn Island.
Information on the environment of Cockburn Island is not
available. The nearest permanent scientific station is Marambio
(ARG) located 10 km to the east, more information on which
can be found under IBA ANT070.
Birds
Approximately 800 pairs of Imperial Shag were recorded
breeding on Cockburn Island in 2006 (Lynch et al. 2008).
Approximately 15 721 breeding pairs (95% CI: 9489, 25 987) of Adélie Penguin were present in 2010/11, as estimated
from February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) nests were reported on
the island in 1901 (Croxall et al. 1995), although it is not known whether this species continues to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known. There are no records of tourist landings at Cockburn Island and visits to the site appear to be infrequent.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 121
ANT072: Devil Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
57°17' W, 63°48' S
Area
115 ha
Altitude
0 to < 150 m
Protection
None
Site description
Devil Island is a low, ice-free island of ~2 km in length lying in a
small cove ~1 km north of Vega Island, east of Trinity Peninsula.
Several low hills rise to ~100 m. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the large concentration of seabirds (in particular Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae)) and comprises the entire island.
Flora is dominated by the lichen Xanthoria spp. on seaward-
facing slopes, interspersed with patches of Caloplaca spp.
Mosses and the alga Prasiola have also been observed (ATS
Visitor Site Guidelines, Devil Island).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Gregor Mendel
(CZE), located on Vega Island ~30 km to the west and operated
summer-only.
Birds
Approximately 14 681 pairs of Adélie Penguin were counted from photographs acquired in December 2008 (Lynch et
al. 2013). While the Antarctic Site Inventory (Lynch et al. 2013) counted only 7108 chicks in the 2010/11 season, in
view of the size of the colony and interseasonal fluctuations in numbers, the IBA has been retained. South Polar Skuas
(Catharacta maccormicki), Brown Skuas (C. antarctica), Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna
vittata) also breed on Devil Island (Naveen & Lynch 2011). While Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) nests were recorded
on the island in 1945/46 (Croxall et al. 1995), their continued presence on the island is unknown.
Non-breeding species frequenting the site include Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) and
Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Devil Island is a popular tourist destination, and an average of 2541 visitors (passengers, staff and crew) landed at the
site annually from 2005-10 (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 06/08/2010). ATS Visitor Site Guidelines provide
guidance for tourist visits, which are generally in organised groups supervised by expedition guides.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Devil Island:
URL http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Devil_e.pdf. Accessed: 10/05/2011.
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 122
Trinity Peninsula
ANT073: Brown Bluff
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
56°54' W, 63°32' S
Area
188 ha
Altitude
0 to < 600 m
Protection
None
Site description
Brown Bluff is a small ice-free section of the northern coastline
on Tabarin Peninsula, approximately 13 km southeast of Hope
Bay and 8 km west of Jonassen Island. A low-lying rock and ash
beach rises steeply to reddish-brown north-facing cliffs of
volcanic origin. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the large
concentration of seabirds present (in particular Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae)) and comprises the ice-free area of the
bluff.
Erosion of the cliff face causes rock falls and slides along the
shoreline, which may affect penguins nesting at the cliff-base.
Naveen (2003) reports the lichens Xanthoria spp. and Caloplaca
spp. growing on boulders at the shoreline and up to elevations
of 185 m and mosses have been observed at higher altitudes.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Esperanza (ARG) and Teniente de Navio Ruperto Elichiribehety (URY),
situated 14 km to the northwest, more information on which can be found under IBA ANT074.
Birds
Approximately 20 000 pairs of Adélie Penguin nest in tightly packed groups on gentle slopes, terraces and ridges on
and above the beach at Brown Bluff (Naveen & Lynch 2011). More recently, 18 630 breeding pairs were reported by
the Antarctic Site Inventory in January 2013 (R. Naveen and H. Lynch pers. comm. 2014). Around 550 pairs of Gentoo
Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) breed on flat terraces and low-lying slopes to the east of the Adélie Penguins (H. Lynch
pers. comm. 2010). Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) nests are found throughout the site, whilst Wilson’s Storm-petrels
(Oceanites oceanicus) breed in rock crevices at higher altitudes. Other confirmed breeders include Cape Petrel
(Daption capense), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis), Snowy
Sheathbill (Chionis albus), South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) and
Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been observed at Brown Bluff (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines, Brown Bluff).
Conservation issues
Brown Bluff is a popular tourist destination, and guidance for site visits is provided by the ATS Visitor Site Guidelines:
Brown Bluff. Two areas where Kelp Gulls and Adélie Penguins are breeding are ‘closed’ to tourist access. Organised
tour visits are supervised by expedition guides.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Brown Bluff:
URL http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Brown_e.pdf. Accessed: 10/05/2011.
Naveen, R & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 123
ANT074: Hope Bay
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
57°00' W, 63°24' S
Area
203 ha
Altitude
0 to < 200 m
Protection
None
Site description
Hope Bay is located on the northeastern coast of Trinity
Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the large Adélie
Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony present and comprises ice-
free ground on the eastern side of Hope Bay.
The terrain comprises moraine with numerous rock outcrops,
sloping towards the Scar Hills, which rise to ~200 m and fringe
the Hope Bay shoreline. Mount Flora (ASPA No. 148),
designated to protect geological features, lies several km to the
southwest.
Two permanent scientific stations, Esperanza (ARG) and
Teniente de Navio Ruperto Elichiribehety (URY), are located at
Hope Bay. Esperanza operates year-round and has capacity for
~90 people, whilst Elichiribehety operates summer-only with a
capacity for 10 (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 09/08/2010).
Meteorological records from Esperanza Station over the 1990s indicate January was the warmest month with an
average temperature of 1.5°C, and August the coldest with temperatures averaging -11.2°C (ASPA No. 148
Management Plan, 2002).
Birds
Approximately 123 850 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were recorded at Hope Bay in 1985 (Myrcha, Tatur & Del
Valle 1987). Other species that are confirmed breeders in the Hope Bay area are Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua),
Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Kelp
Gull (Larus dominicanus) and Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) (ASPA No. 148 Management Plan, 2002).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None reported, although various species of marine mammal such as seals are likely to be present in the vicinity.
Conservation issues
The scientific stations at Hope Bay are located in close proximity to the IBA. Because aircraft access to helicopter
landing sites represents a potential conservation issue a preferred aircraft approach route avoiding the Adélie colony
is indicated in the Management Plan for ASPA No. 148 Mount Flora.
An average of 4502 ship-based tourists visit Hope Bay annually, and an average of 2116 visitors (inclusive of tourists,
staff and crew) land annually at Esperanza Station (IAATO Tourism Statistics, 2005-10, accessed: 06/08/2010). Visits
are managed by station personnel and tour operators.
A small area ~1 km south of the IBA is designated an Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 148: Mount Flora, Hope
Bay. The site is protected for its geological features and not for birds (ASPA No. 148 Management Plan, 2002).
Further reading
ASPA No. 148 Mount Flora, Hope Bay: Management Plan (2002).
Myrcha, A., Tatur, A & Del Valle, R. 1987. Numbers of Adélie Penguins breeding at Hope Bay and Seymour Island
rookeries (West Antarctica) in 1985. Polish Polar Research 8: 411-22.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 124
ANT075: Gourdin Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
57°18' W, 63°12' S
Area
111 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Gourdin Island is the largest of a group of islands lying 1.2 km
north of Prime Head, northern Trinity Peninsula. The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the large concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises all of Gourdin Island.
The permanent scientific stations Esperanza (ARG) and Teniente
de Navio Ruperto Elichiribehety (URY), are both located 28 km
southeast in Hope Bay, and General Bernando Higgins (CHL) is
situated 34 km southwest at Cape Legoupil, Trinity Peninsula.
Birds
Naveen (2003) estimated the Adélie Penguin colony breeding
on the northwestern end of Gourdin Island in 1997 comprised
14 334 pairs, along with 568 pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis
papua) and 1000 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin (P. antarctica). Occasional visitors to the area include Snowy Sheathbill
(Chionis albus), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) and Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Gourdin Island receives an annual average of around 890 visitors (including tourists, staff and crew) (IAATO Tourism
Statistics 2005-10, accessed: 06/08/2010).
Further reading
Naveen, R. 2003. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (2nd edition): A Report to the United States
Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.
Naveen, R & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT076: Duroch Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
57°54' W, 63°18' S
Area
1068 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Duroch Islands lie several hundred metres offshore from
Cape Legoupil, northwestern Trinity Peninsula, northern
Antarctic Peninsula. The island group includes Wisconsin Islands
in the northeast and extends to Estay Rock in the southwest,
and excludes Demas Rocks. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
large concentration of seabirds present (in particular penguins)
and comprises all of the Duroch Islands and the intervening
marine area.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Bernardo O’Higgins
(CHL), which has capacity for ~44 people and operates year-
round ~200 m to the south at Cape Legoupil (COMNAP,
Antarctic Facilities, accessed 20/08/2010).
Birds
Around 14 000 pairs of several penguin species breed in a number of groups on the Duroch Islands, with
approximately 3500 pairs Gentoo (Pygoscelis papua), 800 pairs Adélie (P. adeliae), and 9400 pairs Chinstrap (P.
antarctica) penguins recorded in 1990 (S. & J. Poncet pers. comm. cited in Woehler 1993).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Bernardo O’Higgins (CHL), with associated operational and support activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Further reading
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT077: Tupinier Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
58°16' W, 63°22' S
Area
745 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Tupinier Islands lie ~4 km northwest of Cape Ducorps on
Cockerell Peninsula, Trinity Peninsula, on the Antarctic
Peninsula. This ice-free archipelago was first charted in 1837-40
by the French Antarctic Expedition led by Dumont D’Urville. The
IBA qualifies on the basis of the large concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica))
and comprises all of the Tupinier Islands and the intervening
marine area.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Bernardo O’Higgins
(CHL), which has capacity for ~44 people and operates year-
round ~20 km to the northeast at Cape Legoupil (COMNAP,
Antarctic Facilities, accessed 20/08/2010).
Birds
A large Chinstrap Penguin colony, estimated at 14 130 pairs in 1990 (S. & J. Poncet pers. comm. cited in Woehler
1993), is distributed across the island group in five main groups ranging from 800 to 5200 pairs. A small number of
Imperial Shags (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) breed on three small islets within the island group, with 68
breeding pairs recorded in 1990 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Palmer Archipelago / Danco Coast
ANT078: Pearl Rocks
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
59°55' W, 63°35' S
Area
449 ha
Altitude
Unknown
Protection
None
Site description
Pearl Rocks lie several km offshore from the western coast of
Tower Island, Palmer Archipelago, ~25 km from the Davis Coast
of the Antarctic Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony
present. The IBA is defined as an elliptical area centered on the
approximate position of the northernmost of the three highest
islets in the Pearl Rocks group.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Gabriel de Castilla
(ESP) and Decepción (ARG), located ~80 km to the northwest at
Port Foster, Deception Island. These summer-only stations have
a combined capacity of ~90 people.
Birds
Approximately 170 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag were
recorded in 1987 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). Smaller numbers of Imperial Shags also breed on
the islets of Pearl Rocks further to the south, although not in sufficient numbers to qualify as IBAs in their own right.
No other birds are known to breed at Pearl Rocks, although several colonies of Chinstrap Penguins (Pygoscelis
antarctica), Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides) and Cape Petrel (Daption capense) breed on nearby Tower
Island.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT079: Cape Wollaston, Trinity Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
60°48' W, 63°40' S
Area
116 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Wollaston rises to ~250 m at the northwestern extremity
of Trinity Island, Palmer Archipelago, ~40 km from the Davis
Coast of the Antarctic Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides) colony present
and comprises the ice-free area of Cape Woolaston, Megaptera
Island and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Primavera (ARG),
located ~53 km to the south.
Birds
An estimated 10 000 pairs of Southern Fulmar breed on the
cliffs and offshore islands around Cape Wollaston, Megaptera
Island and northwestern Trinity Island (Poncet & Poncet,
unpublished data, cited in Creuwels et al. 2007). Cape Petrel
(Daption capense) and Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) have also been observed at Cape Wollaston (unpublished data
S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Creuwels, J.C.S., Poncet, S., Hodum, P.J. & van Franeker, J.A. 2007. Distribution and abundance of the Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides. Polar Biology 30: 1083–97.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT080: SW Trinity Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
60°53' W, 63°54' S
Area
45 ha
Altitude
< 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Trinity Island is part of the Palmer Archipelago and lies in
Orléans Strait, ~15 km from the Davis Coast of the Antarctic
Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and
comprises a rocky headland rising to ~250 m at the
southwestern extremity of Trinity Island.
The nearest permanent station is Primavera (ARG), located 30
km to the south.
Birds
Around 195 pairs of Imperial Shag were recorded breeding in
three groups along the rocky headland amongst Chinstrap
Penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) on 28 January 1986
(unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). The Chinstrap
Penguin colony was recorded as 1600 breeding pairs (Poncet & Poncet 1987).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT081: Cierva Point and offshore islands
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
61°01' W, 64°10' S
Area
5903 ha
Altitude
<750 m
Protection
ASPA No. 134
Site description
Cierva Point (64°09' S, 60°57' W) lies on the Danco Coast of the
Antarctic Peninsula, 50 km east of Brabant Island, and forms the
southern entrance to Cierva Cove. The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) colony
present and is defined by the same boundary of Antarctic
Specially Protected Area No. 134, which includes Cierva Point,
Sterneck Island, Midas Island, Moss Islands and surrounding
offshore islands. The intervening marine area and intertidal
zone is included in the IBA.
South-facing slopes at Cierva Point are largely glaciated, whilst
the north- and west-facing slopes comprise ice-free scree
slopes, rock terraces and gullies. The terrain rises to a height of
over 500 m on coastal cliffs. Coastal vegetation is extensive and
includes lichens, mosses and grasses. Peat in moss-covered areas reaches ~80 cm in thickness and cover areas of more
than 1 ha (Rau et al. 2000).
No long-term weather data for the site are available. However, Quintana (2001) recorded weather at Cierva Point
during the summer of 1992/93 with mean monthly temperature ranging from 1.8°C to 2.2°C, whilst relative humidity
averaged 79 % and mean wind speed was 7.9 kmh
-1
.
Primavera Station (ARG) is situated ~500 m from the IBA boundary on the northern tip of Cierva Point. The summer
only station has capacity for ~18 people and is serviced by ship and a helicopter landing site (COMNAP, Antarctic
Facilities, accessed 09/08/2010).
Birds
At least 12 bird species breed within the IBA, with Chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) and Gentoo (P. papua) penguins,
Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), South Polar Skua and Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) the most abundant
of species present (ASPA No. 134 Management Plan, 2006).
Quintana et al. (2000) documented 93 breeding pairs of South Polar Skua at Cierva Point in 1995, whilst an estimated
475 pairs of skua (predominantly Catharacta maccormicki) are thought to breed over the entire IBA (ASPA No. 134
Management Plan, 2006). S. Poncet (unpublished data, pers. comm. 2005) recorded 70 pairs of Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) breeding on Midas Island in 1987, while Lynch et al. (2013) reported only 16
Imperial Shag nests here in 2010/11. A rough estimate was made of ~3100 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin present on
Sterneck and Midas Islands in Jan 1987, and 450 breeding pairs Gentoo Penguin were counted on Sterneck Island at
the same time (Poncet & Poncet 1987). More recently, 3305 pairs of Gentoo Penguin were recorded on Sterneck
Island in 2010/11, and only 16 pairs and 685 pairs of Chinstrap Penguin on Sterneck and Midas islands respectively in
the same season (Lynch et al. 2013). A further 1041 pairs of Gentoo Penguin were recorded in 1995/96, nesting on
snow-free areas of a north-west facing hillside at Cierva Point (Quintana et al. 2000). These authors reported the
breeding birds at Cierva Point include 1168 pairs of Wilson’s Storm-petrel, 62 pairs of Kelp Gull, 24 pairs of Antarctic
Tern (Sterna vittata), seven pairs of Cape Petrel (Daption capense), four pairs of Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus) and
one pair of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea). In the late 1980s, 135 breeding pairs of Southern Giant Petrel
(Macronectes giganteus) were recorded nesting on both Moss and Sterneck islands (Patterson et al. 2008).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Penguin, shag and Southern Giant Petrel colonies may have since decreased in size: the ASPA No. 134 Management
Plan (2006) noted 2050 pairs of Chinstrap and 1500 pairs of Gentoo penguins breed across the entire IBA, along with
around 45 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel and around 30 pairs of Imperial Shag. The Management Plan further noted
that ~2300 pairs of Wilson’s Storm-petrel breed in the area, along with more than 100 pairs of Antarctic Tern, 375
pairs of Kelp Gull and more than 50 pairs of Cape Petrel.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None reported, although various species of marine mammal are likely to be found in the vicinity.
Conservation issues
ASPA No. 134: Cierva Point and offshore islands was originally designated to protect the well-developed vegetation
and breeding bird colonies in the region. Access to the ASPA is allowed by permit, and activities are controlled by the
Management Plan. Guidance on aircraft access to Primavera Station requires general avoidance of overflight of the
protected area unless above 2000 feet (610 m), and landings are restricted to the designated helicopter landing site
close to the station.
Human activity in the local area is principally associated with scientific operations and support, with occasional tourist
visits to the station. Disturbance to wildlife is minimised by the requirement for a permit to access breeding areas.
Perhaps the most significant risks to the bird colonies may come from inadvertent low overflights by aircraft accessing
the station, which might occur, for example, as a result of poor weather conditions.
Further reading
ASPA No. 134 Cierva Point and offshore islands, Danco Coast: Management Plan (2006)
Lynch, H.J., Naveen, R. & Casanovas, P.V. 2013. Antarctic Site Inventory breeding bird survey data 1994 – 2013.
Ecology (Data Paper) 94(11): 2653. doi: 10.1890/13-1108.1
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-24.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.
Quintana, R.D. 2001. Nest-site characteristics of a Gentoo Penguin Pygoscelis papua colony at Cierva Point, Antarctic
Peninsula. Marine Ornithology 29: 109-12.
Quintana, R.D., Cirelli, V. & Orgeira, J.L. 2000. Abundance and spatial distribution of bird populations at Cierva Point,
Antarctic Peninsula. Marine Ornithology 28: 21-27.
Rau, F., Betgen, T., Beppler, D. & Agraz, J.L. 2000. A new topographic map 1:7500 of Cierva Point (Danco Coast,
Antarctic Peninsula). Polarforschung 67 (1/2): 87-90.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT082: Bluff Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
61°33' W, 62°21' S
Area
89 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Bluff Island (also known as Murray Island) is located in Hughes
Bay, Gerlache Strait, 500 m from the Danco Coast on the
western Antarctic Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis)
colony present and comprises the ice free area on a peninsula
on the northern coast of Bluff Island.
The nearest permanent station is Primavera (ARG), located ~36
km to the northeast.
Birds
Approximately 180 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag were
recorded on the western coast of a small peninsula at the north
of Bluff Island in 1989 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm.
2005). Information on other bird species present at the site is
not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT083: Cuverville Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
62°38' W, 64°41' S
Area
81 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cuverville Island is a small island lying in the Errera Channel
between Rongé Island and Arctowski Peninsula (Graham Land).
A permanent ice-cap extends over much of the island, although
on the northern slopes there is a series of broad, rocky beaches
below steep cliffs. The rocky areas provide suitable breeding
sites for penguins. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Gentoo
Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) colony present and is defined by the
island coastline.
Vegetation consists of a range of moss and lichen species as
well as the native Antarctic Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica)
and Antarctic Pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis) (ATS Visitor Site
Guidelines: Cuverville Island).
The nearest scientific station is Gabriel Gonzáles Videla station
(CHL), a summer-only facility in Paradise Cove with capacity for up to nine people (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities,
accessed 16/08/2010).
Birds
Gentoo Penguins breed along the north and northwest shoreline of Cuverville Island, with 6468 pairs recorded in
December 2009 (H. Lynch pers. comm. 2010). More recently, 5950 breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin were reported
by the Antarctic Site Inventory in December 2012 (Lynch et al. 2013). The colony is the largest for this species on the
Antarctic Peninsula. Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) breed on the island with 29 pairs
recorded on the northeast coast of the island in 2006 (Lynch et al. 2008). More recently, 49 breeding pairs of Imperial
Shag were reported by the Antarctic Site Inventory in February 2013 (R. Naveen and H. Lynch pers. comm. 2014).
Other confirmed breeders include Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus), South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki),
Brown Skua (C. antarctica), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) and Antarctic
tern (Sterna vittata) (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) and Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) are common at Cuverville
Island, while Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) have been observed off-shore (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines: Cuverville
Island).
Conservation issues
Cuverville Island is a popular tourist destination, and IBA ANT083 lies within the area on the Antarctic Peninsula that is
visited most intensively by tour vessels (Lynch et al. 2009). ATS Visitor Site Guidelines provide guidance for tour visits.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Cuverville Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Cuverville_e.pdf. Accessed: 10/08/2010.
Lynch, H.J., Crosbie, K., Fagan, W.F. & Naveen, R. 2009. Spatial patterns of tour ship traffic in the Antarctic Peninsula
region. Antarctic Science 22 (2): 123-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Lynch, H.J., Naveen, R. & Casanovas, P.V. 2013. Antarctic Site Inventory breeding bird survey data 1994 – 2013.
Ecology (Data Paper) 94(11): 2653. doi: 10.1890/13-1108.1
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT084: Islet E of Guépratte Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
62°57' W, 64°30' S
Area
6 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
A large colony of Imperial Shags (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis) is located on a small islet ~1.5 km east of
Guépratte Island, Fournier Bay, ~1 km north of Parker Peninsula
on the northeastern coast of Anvers Island, Palmer Archipelago.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag colony
present and is defined by the coastline of the islet on which the
birds breed.
The nearest scientific station is Melchior (ARG), located on
Melchior Island ~20 km to the north.
Birds
Approximately 220 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag were
recorded at this site in 1987 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers.
comm. 2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Gerlache Strait is one of the areas on the Antarctic Peninsula that is most intensively visited by tour vessels (Lynch et
al. 2009), although the extent of landings and zodiac cruising at IBA ANT084 is unknown.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J., Crosbie, K., Fagan, W.F. & Naveen, R. 2009. Spatial patterns of tour ship traffic in the Antarctic Peninsula
region. Antarctic Science 22 (2): 123-30.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Pursuit Point, Wiencke Island – Delisted (ex ANT011)
IBA criteria
Originally A4i; Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
63°27' W, 64°55' S
Area
183 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
None
Site description
Pursuit Point is a largely ice-covered peninsula located on
southeastern Wiencke Island, one of the larger islands in the
Palmer Archipelago, which lies west of Gerlache Strait and ~9
km from the Antarctic Peninsula. The IBA originally qualified on
the basis of the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis) colony present and included all land and
permanent ice within a 1 km radius of the breeding locality.
The nearest scientific station is Yelcho (CHL), a summer-only
facility located 8 km to the northwest on southern Doumer
Island that is temporarily closed (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities,
accessed 19/08/2010).
Birds
Colonies of around 140 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag and 200
breeding pairs of Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) were reported breeding at Pursuit Point in the mid-1980s
(Poncet & Poncet 1987; unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). However, recent nest count surveys
undertaken in 2012/13 by Casanovas et al. (in press) recorded only 21 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag and 567 pairs of
Gentoo Penguin. As a result, the site at Pursuit Point no longer qualifies as an IBA and has been delisted.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Casanovas, P., Naveen, R., Forrest, S., Poncet, J. & Lynch, H.J. in press. A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps
out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT085: Cormorant Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
63°59' W, 64°48' S
Area
22 ha
Altitude
0 – 32 m
Protection
Restricted Zone within ASMA No.7
Site description
Cormorant Island is a small, ice-free island located in Bismarck
Strait, ~1 km south of Anvers Island and ~5 km from Arthur
Harbour and Palmer Station (USA). The island is named for the
large number of Imperial Shags (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis) observed on the island.
Cormorant Island and the nearshore marine area up to 50 m
surrounding the island is now designated a Restricted Zone
under the Management Plan for Antarctic Specially Managed
Area No. 7: Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin. The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag colony present and is
defined by the boundary of the Restricted Zone.
Anvers Island and surrounding islands are dominated by granitic
and volcanic rocks. Vegetation comprises a wide range of
mosses, lichens and algae and includes the two native flowering plants Antarctic Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica)
and Antarctic Pearlwort (Colobanthus quitensis) (ASMA No.7 Management Plan, 2009).
Climate data are not available specifically for Cormorant Island, although good records exist for nearby Palmer Station,
where the average annual air temperature for the period 1989-2009 was –1.7°C. The minimum and maximum
temperatures recorded at Palmer Station over the same period were –26.0°C and 11.6°C respectively. January is
typically the warmest month and August the coldest (CLIMDB/HYDRODB, accessed 16/08/2010). Average annual
precipitation has been 655 mm since 1989. Storms in the region are relatively frequent, whilst prevailing winds are
generally light to moderate and from the northeast (ASMA No.7 Management Plan, 2009).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Palmer (USA), situated ~5 km to the northwest in Arthur Harbour. Palmer
Station operates year-round, with summer occupancy of ~43 people (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed
16/08/2010).
Birds
Cormorant Island is one of the largest colonies of Imperial Shag in the Antarctic Peninsula region, with 729 breeding
pairs recorded in 1985 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) also breed
on Cormorant Island, with 872 pairs recorded in the last published count (Parmelee & Parmelee 1987). Southern Giant
Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) breed on the island, numbering around 13 breeding pairs (W. Fraser, pers. comm.
2006).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Fin Whale (Balaenoptera physalus) and Sei Whale (Balaenoptera borealis) have previously been observed near
southern Anvers Island (ASMA No.7 Management Plan, 2009). Other species observed in the area include Minke
Whale (Balaenoptera bonaerensis), Killer Whale (Orcinus orca), Humpback Whale (Megaptera novaeangliae),
Southern Right Whale (Eubalaena australis) and Hourglass Dolphin (Lagenorhynchus cruciger).
Seal species common to the Anvers Island area include the Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii), Southern Elephant
Seal (Mirounga leonina), Crabeater Seal (Lobodon carcinophagus), Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) and Antarctic Fur
Seal (Arctocephalus gazella). However, there are no records of seals breeding in the area (ASMA No. 7 Management
Plan, 2009).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 138
Conservation issues
One of the largest marine oil spills in Antarctica occurred ~5 km from Cormorant Island with the sinking of the ship
Bahia Paraiso in 1989 in Arthur Habour. The spill of ~600 000 litres of diesel oil affected bird breeding performance
and the nearshore marine environment for several years. It has been estimated that ~16 % of Adélie Penguins
exposed to the spill may have been killed (Penhale et al. 1997). Populations have now recovered, and the impacts are
not considered to have been as long-term as initially feared. The event, however, raised significant conservation and
marine planning concerns. With large colonies of breeding wildlife in the local area, and a substantial programme of
science being carried out, ASMA No. 7 Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin was designated in 2007 to
coordinate national program activities and protect the outstanding environment of the region and science being
conducted in the area.
Restricted Zones such as Cormorant Island have been designated under ASMA No. 7 because of their ecological and
scientific value and their sensitivity to disturbance. Access to Cormorant Island between 1 October and 15 April is not
permitted except by those conducting ‘essential scientific research, monitoring or maintenance’ (ASMA No. 7
Management Plan, 2009). Specific guidelines aim to minimise disturbance to birds during the breeding season.
Arthur Harbour and Palmer Station are popular destinations for tourist cruise ships and yachts. However, under the
ASMA No. 7 Management Plan tour visits are directed to Palmer Station itself and to the Torgersen Island Visitor Zone,
and all visits are strictly controlled. Thus, whilst the annual number of tourists visiting the vicinity are relatively high
(e.g. 8637 at Palmer Station in the 2009/10 summer), the Restricted Zone ensures that human activity and disturbance
at Cormorant Island is kept to a minimum.
Further reading
ASMA No. 7 Palmer Basin and Southwest Anvers Island: Management Plan (2009), Appendix A.
See also: Palmer LTER project site at http://pal.lternet.edu/
Parmelee, D.F. & Parmelee, J.M. 1987. Revised penguin numbers and distribution for Anvers Island, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 76: 65-73.
Penhale, P.A., Coosen, J. & Marschoff, E.R. 1997. The Bahia Paraiso: a case study in environmental impact,
remediation and monitoring. In Battaglia, B., Valencia, J. & Walton, D.W.H. (eds) Antarctic Communities:
species, structure and survival. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge: 437-44.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Arthur Harbour North – Delisted (ex ANT013)
IBA criteria
Originally A4iii; Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
64°05' W, 64°46' S
Area
194 ha
Altitude
< 50 m
Protection
Within ASMA No.7
Site description
Arthur Harbour lies on the southern coast of Anvers Island. A
number of islands in northern Arthur Harbour host large
colonies of breeding birds, and these include Norsel Point,
Breaker Island, Humble Island, Elephant Rocks and Torgersen
Island. Some of these are designated as Restricted Zones under
Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA) No. 7: Southwest
Anvers Island and Palmer Basin. The IBA was originally
designated for the large concentration of seabirds present and
comprised all of these islands and the intervening marine area
lying ~1 km to the northwest of Palmer Station (USA).
The nearest scientific station is Palmer (USA), situated on
Gamage Point, eastern shore of Arthur Harbour. A description
of the station is provided in IBA ANT085.
Birds
The site originally qualified as an IBA because it supported ~11 500 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) in 1983-84 (Parmelee & Parmelee 1987). However, the Humble Island colony had decreased to ~587 breeding
pairs in Dec 2011 (Antarctic Site Inventory data, R. Naveen and H. Lynch pers. comm. 2014), while Lynch & LaRue
(2014) reported numbers at Torgersen Island were ~1157 breeding pairs (95% CI: 554, 2111) in 2008. The combined
total is now insufficient for the site to qualify as an IBA.
One pair of Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) was observed nesting on Humble Island in 1985. Southern
Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) breed on Humble Island (48 pairs), Breaker Island (3 pairs), Norsel Point (133
pairs) and Elephant Rocks (1 pair) (W. Fraser pers. comm. 2006). The Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis) is a confirmed breeder on Elephant Rocks and a wide range of non-breeding bird species also frequent
the area (ASMA No. 7 Management Plan, 2009).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
See ANT085.
Conservation issues
See ANT085 for more information on regional conservation issues.
Further reading
ASMA No.7 Palmer Basin and Southwest Anvers Island: Management Plan (2009).
Lewis-Smith, R.I. 1982. Plant Succession and re-exposed moss banks on a deglaciated headland in Arthur Harbour,
Anvers Island. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 51: 193-99.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Palmer LTER project URL: http://pal.lternet.edu/, accessed: 04/08/2010.
Parmelee, D.F. & Parmelee, J.M. 1987. Revised penguin numbers and distribution for Anvers Island, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 76: 65-73.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT086: Litchfield Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
64°06' W, 64°46' S
Area
36 ha
Altitude
0 – 48 m
Protection
ASPA No.113, within ASMA No. 7
Site description
Litchfield Island lies ~1 km to the south of Norsel Point, Anvers
Island, at the western limit of Arthur Harbour. The IBA qualifies
on the basis of the South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
colony present and is defined by the boundary of ASPA No. 113
Litchfield Island, which was designated to protect an unusually
rich and diverse terrestrial habitat, with a wide range of wildlife
(ASPA No. 113 Management Plan, 2014).
The geology of Litchfield Island comprises tonalites, granites and
other volcanics (ASPA No. 113 Management Plan, 2014). Relief
is varied with numerous low summits, the highest of which is
48 m, and there are several small ponds on the island. In the
1960s, one finest examples of maritime Antarctic vegetation
existed on Litchfield Island, including extensive moss carpets
(ASPA No. 113 Management Plan, 2014). By 2001, Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) had severely impacted
the vegetation on Litchfield Island’s lower slopes. However, on higher slopes, vegetation remains intact.
The nearest scientific station is Palmer (US), ~1.5 km to the east. See ANT085 for more information on Palmer Station
and local climate.
Birds
At least six bird species breed on Litchfield Island, making it one of the most ornithologically diverse sites in Arthur
Harbour. Census records for the South Polar Skua indicate up to 50 breeding pairs breed on Litchfield Island, although
the number fluctuates widely from year to year (ASPA No. 113 Management Plan, 2014). Breeding pairs of Brown
Skua (Catharacta antarctica) and hybrid skua have also been observed in the past. However, an outbreak of fowl
cholera in 1979 is thought to have killed many of the Brown Skua and only two pairs were recorded in 1980/81 (ASPA
No. 113 Management Plan, 2014). There were 57 breeding pairs of Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) on
Litchfield Island in the 2008/09 season (W. Fraser pers. comm. 2014) and a few Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) nests
are recorded each year. Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) breed in low numbers in this IBA, whilst Wilson’s Storm-petrels
(Oceanites oceanicus) are also a confirmed breeder at the site.
Around 1000 pairs of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) were nesting on Litchfield Island in the early 1970’s
(Parmelee & Parmelee, 1987), although by 2006/07 all nests had been vacated (W. Fraser pers. comm. 2014).
Population decline of Adélie breeding sites in the Palmer area has been linked to regional changes in sea ice extent
and snow accumulation rates (Emslie et al. 1998; McClintock et al. 2008).
Other non-breeding bird species frequenting the site include the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps]
bransfieldensis), Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) and Gentoo Penguin (P. papua). Occasional observations
are made of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica)
and Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) commonly haul out on Litchfield Island from February onwards each year,
although numbers have reportedly decreased in the Arthur Harbour area in recent years (Siniff et al. 2008). Southern
Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) haul out along the shoreline of Litchfield Island for much of the year and Weddell
Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are also occasionally observed. Crabeater Seals (Lobodon carcinophagus) and Leopard

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are regularly observed on ice floes nearby (ASPA No. 113 Management Plan, 2014). See
ANT085 for information on other species observed nearby.
Conservation issues
While Palmer Station (USA) is nearby, access to Litchfield Island is strictly by permit under ASPA No. 113. Visitors are
not permitted except for ‘compelling scientific reasons that cannot be served elsewhere, or for essential management
purposes’. The Management Plan imposes strict conditions on activities, and overflight restrictions are also in place.
As such, the impacts of visitors to Litchfield Island on the breeding avifauna are minimal. However, see ANT085 for
information on conservation issues that arose as a result of the sinking of the Bahia Paraiso in 1989 and arising from
global climate change.
Further reading
ASPA No. 113 Litchfield Island: Management Plan (2009).
ASMA No. 7 Palmer Basin and Southwest Anvers Island: Management Plan (2014).
Palmer LTER project URL: http://pal.lternet.edu/, accessed: 04/08/2010.
Emslie, S. D., Fraser, W., Smith, R.C. & Walker, W. 1998. Abandoned penguin colonies and environmental change in
the Palmer Station area, Anvers Island, Antarctic Peninsula. Antarctic Science 10 (3): 257-68.
McClintock, J., Ducklow, H. & Fraser, W. 2008. Ecological responses to climate change on the Antarctic Peninsula.
American Scientist 96: 302-10.
Parmelee, D.F. & Parmelee, J.M. 1987. Revised penguin numbers and distribution for Anvers Island, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 76: 65-73.
Siniff, D.B., Garrott, R.A., Rotella, J.J., Fraser, W.R. & Ainley, D.G. 2008. Opinion: Projecting the effects of
environmental change on Antarctic seals. Antarctic Science 20: 425-35.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT087: Joubin Islands
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
64°26' W, 64°47' S
Area
2217 ha
Altitude
< 70 m
Protection
Restricted Zone within ASMA No.7
Site description
The Joubin Islands are an archipelago comprising numerous
small islands, islets and offshore rocks situated ~5 km from Cape
Monaco, southwestern Anvers Island.
The Joubin Islands are designated as a Restricted Zone under
Antarctic Specially Managed Area No. 7: Southwest Anvers
Island and Palmer Basin, which includes the marine area
extending to a 50 m buffer around the outer shorelines. The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax
[atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and covers the area
defined by the boundary of the Restricted Zone.
The geology of the Joubin Islands shares a granitic and volcanic
origin with Anvers Island. Vegetation is typical of the region, and
consists of a wide range of mosses, lichens and algae, as well as
the native vascular plants (ASMA No. 7 Management Plan, 2009).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Palmer (USA), situated ~15 km to the east at Arthur Harbour, southern
Anvers Island. Climate data specifically for the Joubin Islands are not available. See ANT085 for more information on
Palmer Station and local climate.
Birds
Several bird species breed on the Joubin Islands, including the Imperial Shag, Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae),
Gentoo Penguin (P. papua), Chinstrap Penguin (P. antarctica) and Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus).
More than 250 pairs of Imperial Shag were recorded in the north of the Joubin Islands in 1987 (unpublished data
S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). Around 30 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel were recorded in 1999 (Patterson et al. 2008),
typically breeding on the northeast aspect of high ridges on most islands (W. Fraser pers. comm. 2006). Penguins
observed breeding at the site in 1990 comprised 1261 pairs Adélie, 33 pairs Chinstrap and 104 pairs Gentoo (S. & J.
Poncet pers. comm. cited in Woehler 1993).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
See ANT085 for information on other species observed in the region.
Conservation issues
Designation of the Joubin Islands as a Restricted Zone under ASMA No. 7 provides controls and guidelines on visitor
access. More information on these conditions, regional scientific programmes, and the broad conservation issues can
be found under ANT085 and in the Management Plan for ASMA No. 7.
Further reading
ASMA No. 7 Palmer Basin and Southwest Anvers Island: Management Plan (2009).
Palmer LTER project URL: http://pal.lternet.edu/, accessed: 04/08/2010.
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-24.
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Dream Island – Delisted (ex ANT016)
IBA criteria
Originally A4iii; Does not qualify (2015)
Coordinates
64°14' W, 64°43' S
Area
40 ha
Altitude
0 – 35 m
Protection
Restricted Zone within ASMA No.7
Site description
Dream Island lies ~800 m south of Anvers Island in the west of
Wylie Bay, ~10 km to the northwest of Palmer Station (USA) in
Arthur Harbour. Dream Island is designated under Antarctic
Specially Managed Area No. 7: Southwest Anvers Island and
Palmer Basin as a Restricted Zone, which includes the marine
area extending to a 50 m buffer around the outer shoreline. The
original IBA was designated for the large concentration of
seabirds present and covered the area defined by the boundary
of the Dream Island Restricted Zone.
The geology of Dream Island shares a granitic and volcanic
origin with Anvers Island. Vegetation is typical of the region, and
consists of a wide range of mosses, lichens and algae, as well as
Antarctic Hairgrass (Deschampsia antarctica).
The nearest permanent scientific station is Palmer (USA), situated ~10 km to the east at Arthur Harbour, southern
Anvers Island. See ANT085 for more information on Palmer Station and local climate.
Birds
The site originally qualified as an IBA because in 1985 it supported a large Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony
of 11 263 pairs occupying the central and northwestern areas of the island (Parmelee & Parmelee, 1987). However,
recent analysis of January 2013 satellite imagery by Lynch & LaRue (2014) indicated a significant decrease in the
colony to ~1887 breeding pairs (95% CI: 989, 3331), which is lower than the threshold required to qualify as an IBA so
the site has been delisted. Small numbers of Chinstrap Penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica) also breed on Dream Island,
although a recent count is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
See ANT085 for information on other species observed in the region.
Conservation issues
Designation of Dream Island as a Restricted Zone under ASMA No. 7 provides controls and guidelines on visitor access.
More information on these conditions, regional scientific programmes, and the broad conservation issues can be
found under ANT085 and in the Management Plan for ASMA No. 7.
Further reading
ASMA No. 7 Palmer Basin and Southwest Anvers Island: Management Plan (2009).
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Palmer LTER project URL: http://pal.lternet.edu/, accessed: 04/08/2010.
Parmelee, D.F. & Parmelee, J.M. 1987. Revised penguin numbers and distribution for Anvers Island, Antarctica. British
Antarctic Survey Bulletin 76: 65-73.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT088: Islet S of Gerlache Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
64°15' W, 64°39' S
Area
39 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
ASMA No.7
Site description
A small ice free islet of low relief lies 0.5 km from the west coast
of Anvers Island, and ~4.5 km to the south of Gerlache Island in
the Rosenthal Islands, Palmer Archipelago. The IBA qualifies on
the basis of the Gentoo Penguin (Pygoscelis papua) colony
present and is defined by the island coastline.
Information on the environment at this island is not available,
although the geology is likely to be similar to that on Anvers
Island, which has granitic and volcanic origins.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Palmer (USA),
situated ~20 km to the east at Arthur Harbour, southern Anvers
Island. See ANT085 for more information on Palmer Station and
local climate.
Birds
A Gentoo Penguin colony of ~3000 pairs was recorded on the islet in 1987 (Poncet & Poncet 1987). While the
qualifying threshold for Gentoo Penguins was raised to 3900 in 2014, in view of the size of the colony and uncertainty
over current numbers at this site, the IBA has been retained. There is no information on other birds breeding at this
site.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) are known to breed on the west coast of Anvers Island (W. Fraser
pers. comm. 2006). See ANT085 for information on other species observed in the region.
Conservation issues
None known. The IBA lies within Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA) No. 7, which provides a Management Plan
to coordinate activities in the region. Guidelines on visitor access to this island are not presently specified. More
information on the regional environment and scientific programmes, and the broad conservation issues can be found
under ANT085 and in the Management Plan for ASMA No. 7.
Further reading
ASMA No. 7 Palmer Basin and Southwest Anvers Island: Management Plan (2009).
Palmer LTER project URL: http://pal.lternet.edu/ accessed: 04/08/2010.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Graham Coast
ANT089: Petermann Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
64°10' W, 65°10' S
Area
99 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Petermann Island is located in Penola Strait, in the Wilhelm
Archipelago, ~2 km west of the Antarctic Peninsula. The island
extends ~1.8 km from north to south and is about 1.2 km
across. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Gentoo Penguin
(Pygoscelis papua) colony present and includes all of Petermann
Island and its surrounding coastal rocks.
Petermann Island has a rocky coastline interspersed by raised
pebble beaches and rises fairly steeply to elevations of ~150–
250 m. The island has volcanic origins, and about half is covered
by a permanent and crevassed icecap, and mosses and lichens
are present in ice free areas. Antarctic Historic Site and
Monument No. 27 is on Megalestris Hill and an abandoned
refuge is present on the eastern coast of the island.
The nearest scientific station is Vernadsky (UKR), a year-round facility located ~9 km to the southwest on Galindez
Island. Vernadsky Station has capacity for ~24 people (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed 19/08/2010).
Birds
An estimated 3020 pairs of Gentoo Penguin were breeding on Petermann Island in December 2009 (H. Lynch, pers.
comm. 2010). More recently, 3300 breeding pairs were reported by the Antarctic Site Inventory in January 2013
(Lynch et al. 2013; Casanovas et al. in press). While the global population of Gentoo Penguins was revised in 2014, the
IBA has been retained in view of the uncertainty related to annual fluctuations in Gentoo numbers. Around 296 Adélie
Penguin (P. adeliae) and 43 Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) nests were counted in 2012/2013
(Lynch et al. 2013). One breeding pair of Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica) was observed in December 2010
(Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Snowy Sheathbill (Chionis albus), South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki), Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) are also confirmed breeders (Naveen
& Lynch 2011). South Polar Skuas typically nest on high ground in the northern part of the island.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Petermann Island is a popular tourist destination with an average of ~11 650 visitors (inclusive of tourists, staff and
crew) landing at the site each year from 2005-10 (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 10/05/2011). Naveen (2003)
reported yachts also frequent the site. ATS Visitor Site Guidelines provide guidance for visitors.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Petermann Island:
URL http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Petermann_e.pdf. Accessed: 10/05/2011.
Casanovas, P., Naveen, R., Forrest, S., Poncet, J. & Lynch, H.J. in press. A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps
out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Lynch, H.J., Naveen, R. & Casanovas, P.V. 2013. Antarctic Site Inventory breeding bird survey data 1994 – 2013.
Ecology (Data Paper) 94(11): 2653. doi: 10.1890/13-1108.1
Naveen, R. & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT090: Uruguay Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
64°14' W, 65°14' S
Area
42 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Uruguay Island is part of the Argentine Island group in the
Wilhelm Archipelago, ~6 km from the Graham Coast of the
Antarctic Peninsula. The island is ~1 km from north to south and
~500 m across. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial
Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present
and includes all of Uruguay Island.
Information on the environment of Uruguay Island is not
available. The nearest scientific station is Vernadsky (UKR),
located on Galindez Island ~1 km to the southwest. Vernadsky
Station operates year-round and accommodates ~24 people in
the summer (COMNAP, Antarctic Facilities, accessed
19/08/2010).
Birds
Approximately 203 pairs of Imperial Shag were breeding on Uruguay Island in 1986 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers.
comm. 2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Vernadsky Station (UKR), with associated operational and support activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Tourist vessels are also common in the region and often visit Vernadsky Station, although available data indicates that
visits to Uruguay Island are infrequent.
Further reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT091: Islet S of Bates Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
65°40' W, 65°50' S
Area
457 ha
Altitude
Unknown
Protection
None
Site description
A small uncharted islet is located ~700 m south of Bates Island,
Biscoe Islands, ~20 km off the Graham Coast of the Antarctic
Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and is
defined as a circular area of 500 ha centered on the
approximate position of this islet. The site is 12 km southwest
from IBA ANT092 which lies north of Dodman Island.
The nearest scientific station is Vernadsky (UKR), 97 km to the
northeast.
Birds
Approximately 150 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag were
observed at this site in 1986 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers.
comm. 2005). No other bird species have been recorded
breeding in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT092: Island N of Dodman Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
65°47' W, 65°55' S
Area
11 ha
Altitude
0 to < 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Dodman Island is situated to the northwest of Holtedahl Bay,
Graham Coast, and to the southeast of Renaud Island in the
central Antarctic Peninsula region. The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis)
colony present and comprises a small island of ~11 ha situated
2.5 km north of Dodman Island.
IBA ANT091 Bates Island lies 12 km to the northeast; IBA
ANT093 Armstrong Reef lies ~20 km to the west; and IBA
ANT094 Cape Evensen lies 25 km to the southeast. The nearest
permanent scientific station is Vernadsky (UKR), which operates
year-round and is located ~108 km to the northeast.
Birds
A colony of 163 pairs of Imperial Shag was recorded breeding on
the western coast of the island in 1984 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). No other birds are known to
breed at the site, although another smaller Imperial Shag colony was recorded at the same time on an island ~1.5 km
to the south.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT093: Armstrong Reef
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
66°14' W, 65°53' S
Area
510 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Armstrong Reef is a small island group situated ~2 km
southwest of Renaud Island, part of the Biscoe Islands, lying off
the Graham Coast of the central Antarctic Peninsula. Armstrong
Reef extends over 4.3 km in a southwest-northeast orientation
and consists of a number of small ice-free islands each with
areas of < 100 ha. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial
Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present
and comprises the islands of the reef and the intervening
marine area.
Plutonic rocks dominate the geology of the island group (Smellie
et al. 1985).
The nearest scientific station is Vernadsky (UKR), which is
located ~121 km to the northeast. The area is remote from the
most popular tour ship routes and thus receives few visitors.
Birds
Poncet & Poncet (1987) reported a large Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony on Armstrong Reef, with
approximately 12 800 breeding pairs recorded in 1984, which originally qualified the site as an IBA. However, a recent
ground nest count made in January 2013 (Casanovas et al. in press) indicated a decrease in the colony to ~2813
breeding pairs and the site therefore no longer qualifies as an IBA on account of the penguin colony.
However, a large colony of 525 pairs of Imperial Shag was also recorded breeding amongst the Adélies and on islets
within the island group (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005). More recently, Casanovas et al. (in press)
reported 114 pairs at the site based on an accurate nest count. A sizeable colony of 126 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel
(Macronectes giganteus) was documented breeding on Armstrong Reef in 1983 (Patterson et al. 2008). In view of the
interseasonal variability in breeding numbers, the IBA has been retained based on the criteria for Imperial Shags.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Casanovas, P., Naveen, R., Forrest, S., Poncet, J. & Lynch, H.J. in press. A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps
out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology.
Patterson, D.L., Woehler, E.J., Croxall, J.P., Cooper, J., Poncet, S., Peter, H.-U., Hunter, S. & Fraser, W.R. 2008. Breeding
distribution and population status of the Northern Giant Petrel Macronectes halli and the Southern Giant
Petrel M. giganteus. Marine Ornithology 36: 115-24.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.
Smellie, J.L., Moyes, A.B., Marsh, P.D. & Thomson, J.W. 1985. Geology of Hugo Island, Quintana Island, Sooty Rock,
Betbeder Islands and parts of Biscoe and outcast islands. British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 68: 91-100.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT094: Cape Evensen
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
65°44' W, 66°09' S
Area
28 ha
Altitude
0 to < 750 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Evensen is located below Miller Heights on the Graham
Coast of the central Antarctic Peninsula, in the region of Crystal
Sound. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and
comprises the ice-free ground ~1 km to the east of Cape
Evensen. The IBA is 34 km southeast of ANT092 near Dodman
Island, and 36 km southeast of ANT093: Armstrong Reef.
Steep slopes rise from the northern coastline to heights of up
750 m at the southern extent of this IBA. Information on the
vegetation, soils or geology of the site is not available.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Vernadsky (UKR),
which is located 125 km northeast of Cape Evensen and
operated year-round.
Birds
A colony of ~180 pairs of Imperial Shag was recorded as breeding on north-facing slopes ~1 km east of Cape Evensen
alongside colonies of Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) and skua (Catharacta sp.) (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm.
2005).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further Reading

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Marguerite Bay
ANT095: Avian Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4i, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
68°54' W, 67°46' S
Area
112 ha
Altitude
≤ 40 m
Protection
ASPA No. 117
Site description
Avian Island is a small island lying ~0.5 km south of Adelaide
Island in Marguerite Bay, on the western side of the Antarctic
Peninsula. Avian Island is one of the most ornithologically
important sites in the Antarctic Peninsula region, and is
designated as ASPA No. 117. The IBA qualifies on the basis of
the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis), and South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colonies present, and is defined by
the boundary of the ASPA. The ASPA includes the littoral zone,
offshore islets and rocks and a 100 m buffer zone around the
shoreline.
Avian Island is of rocky, low relief rising to 40 m, with an
irregular coastline. The southern coastline features steep cliffs
with rocky ledges, suitable for small nesting birds. Other bird habitats include scattered rocks and boulders, ice-free
ground, and a gently sloping, well-drained northern shoreline. Several ephemeral freshwater ponds, meltwater
channels and small streams are present. Strong tidal currents are common in the surrounding sea, helping to keep
coastal waters ice-free. In addition, strong winds reduce snow accumulation, resulting in more favourable conditions
for bird colonisation (ASPA No. 117 Management Plan, 2013). Vegetation is sparse across Avian Island and dominated
by lichens and mosses.
The nearest permanent scientific station is Teniente Luis Carvajal (CHL), a summer-only station lying ~1 km from Avian
Island on the southern shore of Adelaide Island. No long-term meteorological records are available for Avian Island.
However, at Carvajal Station the mean daily maximum temperature was 3°C in February for the period 1962-74, whilst
the mean daily minimum was –8°C in August for the same period (ASPA No. 117 Management Plan, 2013). Most
snowfall occurs between August and October, with light precipitation occurring through the austral summer.
Birds
Seven bird species are known to breed on the island, more than at most other sites in the region. An Adélie Penguin
colony occupies much of the northern half of the island with 35 600 breeding pairs estimated in 1979, representing
one of the largest breeding colonies on the Antarctic Peninsula. Two recent censuses in 2013 estimated 77 515 pairs
(Sailley et al. 2013) and 47 146 pairs (Casanovas et al. in press), although the reasons for the discrepancy between the
counts is unclear. A large Imperial Shag colony has been recorded on the southwestern coast of the island, totalling
670 pairs in 1989 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005), and 302 breeding pairs were observed in 2013 (W.
Fraser pers. comm. 2013, cited in ASPA No. 117 Management Plan, 2013). Avian Island holds the largest breeding
colony of Southern Giant Petrel south of the South Shetland Islands, with 250 breeding pairs recorded in 1990 (Poncet
& Poncet 1990), 237 chicks estimated in 2001 (Harris 2001), and 470 breeding pairs recorded in 2013 (W. Fraser pers.
comm. 2013, as previous). A colony of around 60 pairs of Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) breed near the southern
extent of their range on Avian island (Poncet & Poncet 1979). Approximately 195 pairs of South Polar Skua were
breeding in the central and eastern parts of the island in 2004 (W. Fraser pers. comm. 2015), with 880 non-breeding
individuals also counted on the island (W. Fraser pers. comm. 2015, in correction of data reported in Ritz et al. 2006).
The southernmost record of breeding Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) has also been documented on Avian Island

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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and several hundred pairs of Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) breed in rocky outcrops around the island
(Poncet & Poncet 1979).
Non-breeding species observed on Avian Island include the Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata), Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus
glacialoides), Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica), Cape Petrel (Daption capense), King (Aptenodytes patagonicus)
and Chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarctica) penguins.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) and Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) commonly haul out and
breed on Avian Island (ASPA No. 117 Management Plan, 2013). Non-breeding Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus
gazella) also frequent the island with several hundred present on low-lying ground and beaches in February 2001
(Harris 2001). Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are also occasionally observed on Avian Island.
Conservation issues
The principal reason for designation of Avian Island as a protected area in 1989 was to protect the unusually large and
diverse colonies of breeding birds. The Management Plan for ASPA No. 117 is designed to allow scientific research in
the area but ensure visitor impacts are low. Entry to the ASPA is allowed only by permit and aircraft overflight is
restricted year-round. The boundaries of the protected area were designed to include the surrounding marine area as
a buffer to help protect nesting birds. Visits to the island are infrequent, and disturbance to breeding birds by visitors
remains low.
The past impacts of visitors to Avian Island are believed to have been minor although these are not well documented
(ASPA No. 117 Management Plan, 2013). The Management Plan notes that a few human visits have caused loss of
eggs and chicks through nest abandonment or predation. Two refuges and beacon structures are in poor repair, and
some birds were observed amongst debris in February 2001; further deterioration to these facilities was reported in
January 2011 (ASPA No. 117 Management Plan, 2013). A large beacon was installed in 1998 in the Southern Giant
Petrel breeding area, and the level of disturbance to breeding birds is unknown. Southern Giant Petrels and Kelp Gulls
are particularly vulnerable to disturbance.
Carvajal Station (CHL), with associated operational and support activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Activities at the station have included use of small boats and aircraft. A snow runway once existed on southern
Adelaide Island, the access route to which crossed the general area of Avian Island, although the status and use of this
runway is currently unknown.
Further reading
ASPA No. 117 Avian Island: Management Plan (2013).
Casanovas, P., Naveen, R., Forrest, S., Poncet, J. & Lynch, H.J. in press. A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps
out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology.
Harris, C.M. 2001. Revision of Management Plans for Antarctic protected areas originally proposed by the United
States of America and the United Kingdom: Field visit report. Unpublished report for the National Science
Foundation, US, and the Foreign & Commonwealth Office, UK. Environmental Research & Assessment,
Cambridge.
Poncet, S. 1982. Le Grand Hiver: Damien II Base Antarctique. Les Éditions Arthaud, Paris
Poncet, S. 1990. Avian Island, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula, SPA Proposal. Unpublished report to the SCAR
Group of Specialist on Environmental Affairs & Conservation 1990.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1979. Ornithological report, Avian Island, 1978-79. Unpublished report for the British Antarctic
Survey. BAS Archives Ref. AD6/2R/1978/Q.
Ritz, M.S., Hahn, S., Janicke, T. & Peter, H.-U. 2006. Hybridisation between South polar skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
and Brown skua (C. antarctica lonnbergi) in the Antarctic Peninsula region. Polar Biology 29: 153-59.
doi:10.1007/s00300-005-0034-0
Sailley, S.F., Ducklow, H.W., Moeller, H.V., Fraser, W.R., Schofield, O.M., Steinberg, D.K., Garzio, L.M. & Doney, S.C.
2013. Carbon fluxes and pelagic ecosystem dynamics near two western Antarctic Peninsula Adélie penguin
colonies: an inverse model approach. Marine Ecology Progress Series 492: 253-72.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT096: Ginger Islands
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
68°42' W, 67°45' S
Area
5.6 ha
Altitude
< 250 m
Protection
None
Site description
Ginger Islands are located in Marguerite Bay, approximately 0.5
km southeast of Adelaide Island, on the western side of the
Antarctic Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Imperial Shag (Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony
present and comprises the island group and the intervening
marine area.
Detailed information on the environment of the Ginger Islands
is not available, and meteorological records do not exist for the
site. However, at Teniente Luis Carvajal Station (CHL), located
~10 km to the southwest, the mean daily maximum
temperature was 3°C in February for the period 1962-74, whilst
the mean daily minimum temperature was –8°C in August for
the same period. Most snowfall occurs between August and
October, with light precipitation occurring through the austral summer.
Birds
Approximately 275 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag along with 2790 pairs of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) were
estimated to breed on Ginger Islands in 1983 (unpublished data S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005; Poncet & Poncet 1987).
More recently, Casanovas et al. (in press) reported 504 pairs of Imperial Shag and 3334 pairs of Adélie Penguin in
2012. Information on other bird species breeding at the site is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
There is no known record of recent visits to the Ginger Islands. The nearest stations to Ginger Islands are Teniente Luis
Carvajal Station (CHL) and Rothera Station (GBR), although access to the islands is difficult and few visits are made.
Further reading
Casanovas, P., Naveen, R., Forrest, S., Poncet, J. & Lynch, H.J. in press. A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps
out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT097: Emperor Island, Dion Islands
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
68°42' W, 67°52' S
Area
467 ha
Altitude
≤ 46 m
Protection
ASPA No. 107
Site description
The Dion Islands are located in Marguerite Bay, ~14 km south of
Adelaide Island, western Antarctic Peninsula, and lie around 12
km from IBA ANT101: Avian Island. The group comprises several
islands of less than 0.5 km across, with numerous islets, shoals
and reefs. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and is
defined by the boundary of ASPA No. 107: Emperor Island, Dion
Islands.
The Dion Islands have several patches of permanent ice though
are generally ice-free in summer. The geology consists of fine-
grained lavas and tuffs, with shales, sandstones, grits and
conglomerates also present (ASPA No. 107 Management Plan,
2002). Emperor Island, the second largest of the Dion Islands, is
rocky and precipitous and less than 0.5 km across at its widest point. Vegetation comprises cryptograms and at least
19 species of lichen.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Teniente Luis Carvajal Station (CHL, summer-only), situated ~14 km to
the northwest on Adelaide Island and with capacity for ~30 personnel, and Rothera Station (GBR, year-round) also
located on Adelaide Island 41 km to the northeast and with capacity for ~100 personnel.
No long-term meteorological records are available for the Dion Islands, although at Carvajal Station the mean daily
maximum temperature was 3°C in February for the period 1962-74, with the mean daily minimum temperature being
–8°C in August over the same period (ASPA No.107 Management Plan, 2002). This is similar to data recorded in 1949
by Stonehouse (1953, cited in ASPA No.107 Management Plan, 2002) at the Dion Islands. Winds prevail from a
northerly direction, and most snowfall occurs between August and October, with light precipitation continuing
through the summer. More recent analyses for nearby Rothera Station (GBR) have shown a distinct warming trend in
the region, with an increase in annual average temperature of from -5°C in 1980 to -4°C in 2010 (Trathan et al. 2011).
Birds
All birds known to breed within the IBA have been recorded on Emperor Island. Approximately 500 pairs of Imperial
Shag were recorded breeding on Emperor Island in the 1980’s (S. Poncet pers. comm. 2005), and 810 pairs were
recorded in a nest count in 2012 (Casanovas et al. in press). An Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony on Emperor
Island was estimated at 700 pairs in 1987 (Poncet & Poncet 1987) and 1420 pairs in 2012 (Casanovas et al. in press).
A small Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony that formerly occupied a low-lying beach and rocky
promontory in the southeast of Emperor Island is probably no longer present. First discovered on the island in 1948
(Stonehouse, 1953 cited in ASPA No.107 Management Plan, 2002), this was one of the most northerly Emperor
Penguin colonies in Antarctica and one of only three sites where this species had been found breeding on land
(Trathan et al. 2011). Stonehouse (1953) recorded around 150 breeding pairs on the island in the winter of 1949 and
numbers are thought to have fluctuated around this level until 1968, after which they may have increased. However,
only 14 males with eggs were present on the island in winter of 1999 (ASPA No. 107 Management Plan, 2002), whilst a
count made from 1998 and 2005 aerial imagery indicated less than 20 Emperor Penguins remained breeding on the
island (Fretwell & Trathan 2009). Further analysis of imagery acquired on 28 November 2009 showed no Emperor
Penguins present (Trathan et al. 2011), and the birds probably no longer breed at the site.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Other confirmed breeders on Emperor Island include the Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Kelp Gull (Larus
dominicanus) and Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) nesting on the larger islands (data cited in ASPA No.107
Management Plan, 2002). However, these species have not been censused owing to the difficult access.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are occasionally observed in the Dion Islands, whilst Crabeater Seals (Lobodon
carcinophagus) are commonly found on local ice floes. Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have also been
recorded hauled out at Emperor Island (ASPA No. 107 Management Plan, 2002).
Conservation issues
The principal reason for designation of the Dion Islands protected area in 1966 was the unusual situation of Emperor
Penguins breeding on land. Because the Dion Islands are both inaccessible and designated as protected, disturbance
to breeding birds by visitors remains very low. Entry to the ASPA is allowed only by permit and aircraft overflight is
restricted from April to December each year. The boundaries of the protected area were designed to include the
surrounding marine area to ensure protection of the Emperor Penguins when at-sea or on nearby sea ice.
Visitor impacts on the island are believed to be minor. The principal threat to the birdlife on the island probably arises
from regional changes to the ocean-ice ecosystem as a result of shifts in the patterns of global climate (Trathan et al.
2011), and this probably lies behind the decline in the local Emperor Penguin colony.
Further reading
ASPA No. 107 Emperor Island, Dion Islands: Management Plan (2002).
Casanovas, P., Naveen, R., Forrest, S., Poncet, J. & Lynch, H.J. in press. A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps
out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology.
Poncet, S. 1982. Le Grand Hiver: Damien II Base Antarctique. Les Éditions Arthaud, Paris.
Fretwell, P. & Trathan, P. 2009. Penguins from space: faecal stains reveal the location of emperor penguin colonies.
Global Ecology and Biogeography 18 (5): 543-52.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.
Trathan, P.N., Fretwell, P.T. & Stonehouse, B. 2011. First recorded loss of an Emperor Penguin colony in the recent
period of Antarctic regional warming: Implications for other colonies. PLoS ONE 6 (2): e14738.
doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0014738.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT098: Lagotellerie Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
67°25'30" W, 67°53'20" S
Area
168 ha
Altitude
288 m
Protection
ASPA No. 115
Site description
Lagotellerie Island lies in eastern Marguerite Bay ~3.5 km west
of Horseshoe Island. The steeply sloping island is ice-free in
summer, is ~2 km in length and rises to a maximum elevation of
288 m. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and is
defined by the boundary of ASPA No. 115: Lagotellerie Island,
which is designated partly for the avifauna present.
The nearest permanent scientific station is San Martín (ARG)
located approximately 30 km to the southeast.
Birds
Approximately 270 breeding pairs of Imperial Shag were
recorded in a nest count in 2012 (Casanovas et al. in press).
Approximately 250 Imperial Shag adults and chicks were
recorded in Feb 2011 (ASPA No. 115 Management Plan, 2012). The colony is located at the eastern extremity of the
island close to breeding Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae). The Adélie Penguin colony comprised ~1720 pairs in
1982 (Poncet & Poncet 1987). A survey carried out in late Feb 2001 reported 547 live Adélie Penguin chicks (although
~1474 chicks had recently died) (Harris 2001). More recently, a substantial increase has been reported, with 7482
breeding pairs recorded in an accurate count in 2012/13 (Casanovas et al. in press).
In Feb 2001 Harris (2001) recorded 81 breeding pairs of South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) on the northern
coast of Lagotellerie Island (plus ~60 non-breeders), 10 Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) chicks, and several Snow Petrels
(Pagodroma nivea) and Wilson's Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) were seen (one nest of the latter was
confirmed). Old records reported Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) present on Lagotellerie Island, although this
observation was made in 1956 (ASPA No. 115 Management Plan, 2012).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
A survey carried out in Feb 2001 recorded 44 Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) hauled out on the northern
coast, three Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and two Antarctic Fur Seals (Arctocephalus gazella) (Harris
2001). More recently, ~200 Antarctic Fur Seals and 20 Weddell Seals were observed on the island in Feb 2011 (ASPA
No. 115 Management Plan, 2012).
Conservation issues
The island is rarely visited and human impacts on the island are believed to be minor.
Further reading
ASPA No. 115 Lagotellerie Island: Management Plan (2012).
Casanovas, P., Naveen, R., Forrest, S., Poncet, J. & Lynch, H.J. in press. A comprehensive coastal seabird survey maps
out the front lines of ecological change on the western Antarctic Peninsula. Polar Biology.
Harris, C.M. 2001. Revision of Management Plans for Antarctic protected areas originally proposed by the United
States of America and the United Kingdom: Field visit report. Unpublished report for the US and the UK.
Environmental Research & Assessment, Cambridge.
Poncet, S. & Poncet, J. 1987. Censuses of penguin populations of the Antarctic Peninsula, 1983-87. British Antarctic
Survey Bulletin 77: 109-29.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT099: Stonington Island
IBA criteria
A4i
Coordinates
67°00' W, 68°11' S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
Unknown
Protection
None
Site description
Stonington Island is located approximately 2 km north of Neny
Island, Neny Fjord, on the Fallièrs Coast of the Antarctic
Peninsula. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Imperial Shag
(Phalacrocorax [atriceps] bransfieldensis) colony present and
comprises a 500 ha circular area centred on the geographic
position of the nesting site as reported in Lynch et al. (2008)
(68°11' S, 67°0' W).
Stonington Island is small with relatively flat areas of boulders
interspersed with rocky outcrops (ATS Visitor Site Guidelines:
Stonington Island). The site supports at least seven lichen
species and two moss species. Two former stations are located
on Stonington Island: Base E (GBR) built in 1946, and East Base
(USA) established in 1940. Base E was closed in 1975 and is now
designated as Historic Site No. 64 under the Antarctic Treaty for its historical value in early exploration of the region.
East Base is designated as Historic Site No.55 to protect buildings and artefacts in the area.
The nearest permanent scientific station is San Martín (ARG) located approximately 7 km to the northwest on Barry
Island in the Debenham Islands.
Birds
Imperial Shags breed on Stonington Island and 135 chicks were recorded in February 2007 (Lynch et al. 2008). IBA
qualification is based on an assumption of ~1 chick per pair, although since clutch sizes may often be larger, more data
are desirable. South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki), Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus) and Antarctic Terns (Sterna
vittata) are also confirmed breeders at the site, with Adélie Penguins occasional visitors (Naveen & Lynch 2011).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known
Conservation issues
ATS Visitor Site Guidelines provide guidance for visitors to Stonington Island. Visitors numbered from a minimum of
389 to a maximum of 1136 (inclusive of tourists, staff and crew) between 2006/07 and 2009/10 (IAATO Tourism
Statistics, accessed: 06/08/2010).
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Stonington Island.
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Stonington_island_e.pdf. Accessed 06/08/2010.
Lynch, H., Naveen, R. & Fagan, W. 2008. Censuses of Penguin, Blue-eyed Shag Phalacrocorax atriceps and Southern
Giant Petrel Macronectes giganteus populations on the Antarctic Peninsula, 2001-2007. Marine Ornithology
36: 83-97.
Naveen, R & Lynch, H. 2011. Compendium of Antarctic Peninsula visitor sites (3rd edition): A Report to the United
States Environmental Protection Agency. Oceanites, Chevy Chase, MD.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Weddell Sea / Coats Land
ANT100: Smith Peninsula
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
60°52'34" W, 74°23'8" S
Area
292 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Smith Peninsula lies between Keller Inlet and Nantucket Inlet,
on the Lassiter Coast, southeastern Antarctic Peninsula, in the
southwestern Weddell Sea. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present on fast
ice that forms in the northern part of Clarke Bay, and is entirely
marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is San Martín (ARG), ~730 km to the northwest in
Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 30 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et
al. 2012) indicated 4018 Emperor Penguins were present at
Smith Peninsula. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT101: NW Berkner Island (Gould Bay)
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
47°40'48" W, 77°42'36" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Berkner Island lies between the Ronne and Filchner ice shelves
in the southern Weddell Sea. Gould Bay lies east of Berkner
Island. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony
breeds on fast ice that forms near the northwestern coast of
Berkner Island and the Ronne Ice Shelf, ~90 km to the
northwest of Gould Bay. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Emperor Penguin colony present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Belgrano II (ARG), ~300 km to the east on the Luitpold
Coast.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 14 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et
al. 2012) indicated 8242 Emperor Penguins were present at the
colony near Gould Bay. While historically the colony is referred to as located near Gould Bay, more accurately it lies ~5
km north of the area where the Ronne Ice Shelf joins the northwestern coast of Berkner Island, ~90 km northwest of
Gould Bay. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Tourism statistics compiled by IAATO do not list the colony at northwestern Berkner Island, nor Gould Bay, as a tourist
destination. However, in recent years tourist visits to the colony have been conducted regularly by Adventure
Network International (ANI) (http://www.adventure-network.com/gould-bay-camp, accessed 18 Dec 2014), with an
average of ~18 visitors and 5 staff per year from 2010-15 (D. Rootes pers. comm. 2015). Visits are closely supervised
by ANI staff.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Luna Pérez, J.C. 1963. Visita a la roquerìas de pingüinos emperador de Bahía Austral (Mar de Weddell). Contribución
Instituto Antártico Argentino 70: 1-19.
Neuburg, H.A.C., Thiele, E., Walker, P.T., Behrendt, J.C. & Aughenbaugh, N.B. 1959. The Filchner ice shelf. Annals of the
Association of American Geographers 49: 110-19.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT102: Coalseam Cliffs / Mount Faraway
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
28°45'30" W, 79°11'16" S
Area
665 ha
Altitude
1180 m
Protection
None
Site description
Coalseam Cliffs extend along the western flank of Mount
Faraway (1180 m), in the southwestern Theron Mountains,
Coats Land. The Bailey Ice Stream lies to the northwest.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Antarctic Petrel
(Thalassoica antarctica) colony present and includes all of the
ice free area of Coalseam Cliffs and Mount Faraway.
The nearest permanent station is Belgrano II (ARG) ~200 km to
the northwest in Vahsel Bay.
Birds
Approximately 10 000 pairs of Antarctic Petrel were observed
breeding half way up Coalseam Cliffs several km north of Mount
Faraway in 1967 (Brook & Beck 1972). The colony is located in a
scree-filled hollow between two 60 m high dolerite cliffs. [Note: Brook & Beck (1972) refer to this location as Stewart
Buttress, although this feature is located ~3 km to the north by the UK placenaming authority. However, the US
placenaming authority places Stewart Buttress 3 km south of Marø Cliffs. As the name Stewart Buttress is ambiguous,
we have used Coalseam Cliffs and Mount Faraway to indicate the breeding area].
Other birds observed in the vicinity include ~10-20 breeding pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) at the
northeastern extremity of Coalseam Cliffs among large boulders and ledges of dolerite (Brook & Beck 1972). Six pairs
of South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) were observed amongst moraines at the foot of Coalseam Cliffs, and
one chick was observed (Brook & Beck 1972).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Brook, D. & Beck, J.R.1972. Antarctic Petrels, Snow Petrels and South Polar Skuas breeding in the Theron Mountains.
British Antarctic Survey Bulletin 27: 131-37.
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT103: Luitpold Coast
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
33°42'7" W, 77°16'39" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Luitpold Coast extends from the Filchner Ice Shelf in the
west to the Brunt Ice Shelf in the east along northwestern Coats
Land. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony breeds
on fast ice that forms on the Luitpold Coast near an area ~50 km
northeast of the Filchner Ice Shelf where icebergs regularly
calve from the continental margin.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
The nearest permanent station is Belgrano II (ARG), ~70 km to
the southwest in Vahsel Bay.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 12 Nov 2009 (Fretwell et
al. 2012) indicated 6498 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony located near the Luitpold Coast. No other birds
are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 163
ANT104: Dawson-Lambton Glacier
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
26°39'17" W, 76°04'12" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Dawson-Lambton Glacier flows into the southeastern Weddell
Sea at the southwestern margin of the Brunt Ice Shelf, on the
Caird Coast, Coats Land. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes
forsteri) colony breeds on fast ice that forms in the Weddell Sea
near the Dawson-Lambton-Glacier.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present at the site and is entirely marine.
The nearest permanent station is Halley VI (GBR), ~50 km to the
north on Brunt Ice Shelf.
Birds
The colony near the Dawson-Lambton Glacier was discovered in
1987 during an aerial survey by Hempel & Stonehouse (1987),
who estimated 11 700 chicks were present. No photographs were taken so the estimate could not be verified. Analysis
of a satellite image acquired 13 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated 2597 Emperor Penguins were present at the
colony. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Hempel, G. & Stonehouse, B. 1987. Aerial counts of penguins, seals and whales in the eastern Weddell Sea. Berichte
zur Polarforschung 39: 227-20.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 164
ANT105: Brunt Ice Shelf (‘Halley Bay’)
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
27°24'20" W, 75°32'18" S
Area
177 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Brunt Ice Shelf is situated on the Caird Coast, Coats Land.
An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony breeds on
fast ice that forms along the northwestern margin of the Brunt
Ice Shelf, at a location locally known as ‘Halley Bay’ after the
nearby British research station Halley.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
The nearest permanent station is Halley VI (GBR), ~20 km to the
east on the Brunt Ice Shelf.
Birds
Hempel & Stonehouse (1987) estimated that 15 400 Emperor
Penguin chicks were in this colony in Oct/Nov 1987. Analysis of
a satellite image acquired 27 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 22 510 Emperor Penguins
were present at the colony. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
The close proximity of Halley VI Station (GBR), with accompanying local operational support by ships and aircraft,
could pose potential concerns for conservation of the breeding colony of Emperor Penguins. Station procedures take
into account the presence of the breeding colony, and appropriate protocols are followed by visitors (R. Clarke pers.
comm. 2015).
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Hempel, G. & Stonehouse, B. 1987. Aerial counts of penguins, seals and whales in the eastern Weddell Sea. Berichte
zur Polarforschung 39: 227-20.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 165
ANT106: Stancomb-Wills Glacier
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
23°05'31" W, 74°06'15" S
Area
352 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Stancomb-Wills Glacier flows into the eastern Weddell Sea
between Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf and Brunt Ice Shelf, on the Caird
Coast, Dronning Maud Land. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes
forsteri) colony breeds on fast ice on the northeastern coast of
the Stancomb-Wills Glacier Tongue, ~ 60 km west of Lyddan
Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Halley (GBR), ~190 km to the southwest on the Brunt
Ice Shelf.
Birds
The colony near the Stancomb-Wills Glacier was discovered in 1986 by Hempel & Stonehouse (1987), who estimated
~6000 Emperor penguins were present. Analysis of a satellite image acquired 21 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012)
indicated that approximately 5455 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. No other birds are known to breed
in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Hempel, G. & Stonehouse, B. 1987. Aerial counts of penguins, seals and whales in the eastern Weddell Sea. Berichte
zur Polarforschung 39: 227-220.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 166
ANT107: ‘Drescher Inlet’ (Dreschereisfrontkerbe)
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
19°13'04" E, 72°49'55" S
Area
368 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf extends ~400 km between Cape
Norvegia and Lyddan Island, on the Princess Martha Coast,
Dronning Maud Land. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes
forsteri) colony breeds on fast ice that forms in cracks along the
western coast of the Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf, immediately south
of Cape Vestkapp. The site is formally named by Germany as
Dreschereisfrontkerbe, and is often referred to unofficially in
English as ‘Drescher Inlet’.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The summer stations
Aboa (FIN) and Wasa (SWE) are situated ~200 km to the
southeast at Basen Nunatak in the Vestfjella Mountains.
Birds
Gerdes et al. (1987) estimated ~6600 Emperor penguin chicks were present at the colony from a direct census
conducted in October 1986. Analysis of a satellite image acquired 04 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that
approximately 2305 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony, although image quality was rated as only Fair. No
other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are known to breed in the vicinity (Gerdes et al. 1987).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Gerdes, D., Gräfe, M., Klages, N., Plötz, J., Reijnders, P., Steinmetz, R. & Zegers, K. 1987. Weddell seals and Emperor
penguins in Drescher Inlet. Berichte zur Polarforschung 39: 222-27.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 167
ANT108: Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
15°06'23" W, 72°07'23" S
Area
477 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf extends ~400 km between Cape
Norvegia and Lyddan Island, on the Princess Martha Coast,
Dronning Maud Land. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes
forsteri) colony breeds on fast ice on the northern coast of the
Riiser-Larsen Ice Shelf, ~90 km southwest of Seal Bay and ~140
km northeast of Cape Vestkapp.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The summer stations
Aboa (FIN) and Wasa (SWE) are situated ~120 km to the
southeast at Basen Nunatak in the Vestfjella Mountains.
Birds
Hempel & Stonehouse (1987) estimated ~5000 Emperor penguin chicks were present at the colony near the Riiser-
Larsen Ice Shelf from an aerial survey conducted in late 1986. Analysis of a satellite image acquired 27 Oct 2009
(Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 4013 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony, although
image quality was rated as only Fair. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Hempel, G. & Stonehouse, B. 1987. Aerial counts of penguins, seals and whales in the eastern Weddell Sea. Berichte
zur Polarforschung 39: 227-220.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 168
ANT109: Atka Iceport
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
8°07'25" W, 70°36'45" S
Area
425 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Atka Iceport is situated on the eastern coast of the Ekström Ice
Shelf, Princess Martha Coast, Dronning Maud Land, ~10 km
from its northerly terminus. The feature is a dynamic but
persistent series of large cracks in the ice shelf that form
embayments, and was used as a mooring in 1955 by the USS
Atka, after which the feature was named. An Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony breeds along the coast where the
cracks in the ice shelf occur and sea ice frequently persists.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
The nearest permanent station is Neumayer III (DEU) ~10 km
south on the Ekström Ice Shelf.
Birds
Hempel & Stonehouse (1987) estimated ~8000 Emperor penguin chicks were present at the colony near Atka Iceport
from an aerial survey conducted in late 1986. Recently, a photographic count in December 2007 estimated 11,000
chicks present at the colony (van Franeker et al. 2010). Analysis of a satellite image acquired 08 Sept 2009 (Fretwell et
al. 2012) indicated that approximately 9657 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. No other birds are known
to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Neumayer III Station (DEU), with associated operational and support activities, is located in close proximity to the IBA.
Visits by tourists appear to be minimal: only one tourist visit to the Atka Iceport area was reported in the 10 years
between 2004-14, with 116 visitors landing in the 2010-11 season (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014).
Further reading
Drescher, H.-E. 1982. Untersuchungen zur Säugetierbiologie and Ornitologie während der Filchner-Schelfeis-
Expedition 1980/81. Berichte zur Polarforschung 1: 33.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Hempel, G. & Stonehouse, B. 1987. Aerial counts of penguins, seals and whales in the eastern Weddell Sea. Berichte
zur Polarforschung 39: 227-220.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 169
Lazarev Sea / Dronning Maud Land
ANT110: Muskegbukta
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
1°25'13" W, 70°00'05" S
Area
431 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Muskegbukta is a small bay situated to the west of the Fimbul
Ice Shelf, Princess Martha Coast, Dronning Maud Land. An
Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony breeds on fast
ice that forms in cracks along the western coast of the Fimbul
Ice Shelf.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations in the near vicinity. The closest
permanent station is Sanae IV (ZAF) situated ~190 km to the
southwest.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 28 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et
al. 2012) indicated that approximately 3193 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. Fretwell et al. (2012)
referred to this colony as ‘Sanae’ in reference to the nearest research station. No other birds are known to breed in
the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 170
ANT111: Jutulsessen Mountain
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
2°41'00" E, 72°03'00" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
2370 m
Protection
None
Site description
Jutulsessen Mountain (2370 m) is located in the central Gjelsvik
Mountains, Dronning Maud Land. The main ice free area of the
massif is ~10 km by ~5 km across.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Antarctic Petrel
(Thalassoica antarctica) colony present at the site.
The nearest permanent station is Troll (NOR) ~6 km to the
northwest.
Birds
Approximately 30 000 breeding pairs of Antarctic Petrel occupy
a number of elevated north-facing slopes in the Jutulsessen
Mountain area (Mehlum et al. 1988; van Franeker et al. 1999).
However, during a site visit made in 2013/14 it was estimated
that numbers may be more than double these earlier estimates, although an accurate count has not been made
(reported by A. Tarroux, B. Njåstad pers. comm. 2015).
Approximately 2100 breeding pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) were reported at Jutulsessen Mountain in 1991
(Croxall et al. 1995). South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) also breed in the vicinity, the principal nesting areas
being on the lower slopes and in the main valley to the northwest of Jutulsessen Mountain (Mehlum et al. 1988).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Mehlum, F., Gjessing, Y., Haftorn, S. & Bech, C. 1988: Census of breeding Antarctic Petrels Thalassoica antarctica and
physical features of the breeding colony at Svarthamaren, Dronning Maud Land, with notes on breeding
Snow Petrels Pagodroma nivea and South Polar Skuas Catharacta maccormicki. Polar Research 6: 1-9.
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 171
ANT112: Svarthamaren
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
5°11'02" E, 71°54'33" S
Area
751 ha
Altitude
1600 – 2100 m
Protection
ASPA No.142
Site description
Svarthamaren is a largely ice free mountain ridge lying to the
east of the Vestreskorve Glacier, Mühlig-Hofmann Mountains,
Dronning Maud Land. The ridge rises from the surrounding
glacier at ~1600 m to an elevation of ~2100 m, and together
with its associated moraines occupies an area of ~7.5 km
2
and
extending ~6 km long and up to 1.5 km wide. Large screes
extending up to 240 vertical metres dominate the northeastern
slopes of Svarthamaren, and these areas form the primary local
nesting habitat for the Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica).
The area was specially protected in 1987 to avoid disturbance to
breeding bird populations and associated research work (ASPA
No. 142 Management Plan 2014). The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the Antarctic Petrel and South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki) colonies present and the area coincides with the boundary of ASPA No. 142.
The nearest station is Tor (NOR), a summer-only research facility located in the north outside the ASPA boundary. The
nearest permanent research station is Troll (NOR) ~92 km to the west in the Gjelsvik Mountains.
Birds
The Antarctic Petrel colony at Svarthamaren is the largest known in Antarctica, with approximately 100 000 – 200 000
breeding pairs occupying mainly the northeastern slopes of the ridge, although breeding also occurs at other sites
throughout the area. At least 1000 pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) and ~100 pairs of South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) also breed at Svarthamaren (ASPA No. 142 Management Plan 2014; S. Descamps pers.
comm. 2015). The number of Snow Petrels may be considerably more, as accurate counts are difficult (S. Descamps
pers. comm. 2015). For example, Croxall et al. (1995) reported ~10 000 breeding pairs of Snow Petrel at Svarthamaren
based on several sources. The South Polar Skuas tend to nest at the foot of the northeastern slopes occupied by
Antarctic Petrels (Mehlum et al. 1988).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known. The area is strictly protected by ASPA No. 142 and is remote and difficult to access.
Further reading
ASPA No. 142 Svarthamaren: Management Plan (2014)
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K, McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Mehlum, F., Gjessing, Y., Haftorn, S. & Bech, C. 1988: Census of breeding Antarctic Petrels Thalassoica antarctica and
physical features of the breeding colony at Svarthamaren, Dronning Maud Land, with notes on breeding
Snow Petrels Pagodroma nivea and South Polar Skuas Catharacta maccormicki. Polar Research 6: 1-9.
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 172
ANT113: Gruber Mountains
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
13°28'00" E, 71°21'00" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
Protection
None
Site description
The Gruber Mountains form the northeastern part of the
Wohlthat Mountains, Dronning Maud Land. Within a large
cirque on the northern slopes of the Gruber Mountains lies Lake
Unter-See, a meltwater lake of ~4.5 x 2.5 km in size enclosed by
the Anuchin Glacier to the north.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Snow Petrel (Pagodroma
nivea) colony present at the site.
The nearest permanent stations are Novolazarevskaja (RUS) and
Maitri Station (IND) ~90 km to the northwest on the Princess
Astrid Coast.
Birds
Approximately 10 000 pairs of Snow Petrel were reported
breeding at several locations near Lake Unter-See in December 1983 (Konovalov 1964, Hiller et al. 1988, cited in
Croxall et al. 1995), although a more modest number of 1000 individuals breeding in the surroundings of Lake Unter-
See was reported in Hiller et al. (1995). Hiller et al. (1988) suggested that Snow Petrels have continuously occupied
this area for at least 8000 years, and were also present at glacial maxima 15-18 ka BP and 35 ka BP.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Croxall, J.P., Steele, W.K., McInnes, S.J. & Prince, P.A. 1995. Breeding distribution of the Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea.
Marine Ornithology 23: 69-99.
Hiller, A., Wand, U., Kampf, H. & Stackebrandt, W. 1988. Occupation of the Antarctic continent by petrels during the
past 35 000 years: Inferences from a
14
C study of stomach oil deposits. Polar Biology 9: 69-77.
Hiller, A., Hermichen, W.-D. & Wand, U. 1995. Radiocarbon-dated subfossil stomach oil deposits from petrel nesting
sites: novel paleoenvironmental records from continental Antarctica. In G.T. Cook, D.D. Harkness, B.F. Miller
and E.M. Scott (eds) Proceedings of the 15th International
14
C Conference. Radiocarbon 37(2): 171-80.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 173
ANT114: Princess Ragnhild Coast
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
27°13'21" E, 69°56'54" S
Area
379 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Princess Ragnhild Coast lies in Dronning Maud Land, south of
the Riiser-Larsen Sea. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes
forsteri) colony has been observed on fast ice that forms within
a crack in the ice shelf at Princess Ragnhild Coast ~230 km west
of Riiser-Larsen Peninsula.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Princess Elisabeth Station (BEL) situated 250 km to the
southwest at Utsteinen Nunatak, Sør-Rondane Mountains,
Dronning Maud Land.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 10 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 6870 Emperor
Penguins were present at the colony. The colony was recorded for the first time by Fretwell et al. (2012). It was then
visited for the first time in December 2012, when ~9000 adults and chicks were counted, and two further visits have
subsequently been made in December 2013 (~15 000 adults and chicks) and 2014 (~20 000 adults and chicks)
(International Polar Foundation 2015).
Other non-breeding bird species observed at the colony include the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and South
Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) have been observed near the colony.
Conservation issues
None known. The site is very remote, difficult to access and rarely visited.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
International Polar Foundation 2015. URL:
http://www.antarcticstation.org/news_press/press_release/newly_discovered_emperor_penguin_colony_r
eceives_first_human_visitors Accessed 25 Jan 2015.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 174
ANT115: Riiser-Larsen Peninsula
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
34°23'48" E, 68°46'27" S
Area
454 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Riiser-Larsen Peninsula lies on the Prince Harald Coast,
Dronning Maud Land, immediately west of Lützow-Holm Bay.
An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony breeds on
fast ice that forms in northwestern Lützow-Holm Bay, and is
typically located within a few km of the Riiser-Larsen Peninsula.
The ice shelf formerly adjacent to the breeding site has partially
broken up in recent years and has retreated ~5-7 km
southward. The colony was discovered in 1975 when it was
referred to as ‘Riiser-Larsen Peninsula’ (Hoshiai & Chujo 1976);
this is the same colony that more recently has been referred to
as ‘Gunnerus’ by Fretwell et al. (2012).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent station is Syowa (JPN), ~210 km to the east on the
Prince Olav Coast, Enderby Land.
Birds
Hoshiai & Chujo (1976) estimated from aerial photographs that 7200 individuals were present at the Riiser-Larsen
Peninsula colony on 24 Oct 1975, including chicks. Kato et al. (2004) estimated that between 4000 – 9000 breeding
pairs attend this colony based on counts of adults from ground and aerial photographs acquired between 31 August –
25 September over six seasons from 1984–2000. More recently, Fretwell et al. (2012) estimated from a satellite image
acquired 31 Oct 2009 that approximately 4652 Emperor Penguins were present at the time, although because image
quality was ‘Fair’ and the image originates late in the breeding season, the count may be a poor indicator of the
number of breeding pairs present in that season. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Hoshiai, T. & Chujo, K. 1976. A new emperor penguin rookery of Riiser-Larsen Peninsula, East Antarctica. Antarctic
Record of the Japanese Antarctic Research Expeditions 57: 73-79.
Kato, A., Watanabe, K. & Naito, Y. 2004. Population changes of Adélie and emperor penguins along the Prince Olaf
Coast and on the Riiser-Larsen Peninsula. Polar Bioscience 17: 117-22.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 175
Enderby Land / Kemp Land
ANT116: Mount Biscoe
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
51°20'30" E, 66°13'24" S
Area
361 ha
Altitude
0 – 700 m
Protection
None
Site description
Mount Biscoe is the eastern and the larger of two ice free rock
massifs located ~6 km southwest of Cape Ann on the coast of
Enderby Land. It rises to ~700 m in elevation ~7 km northwest
of Wordie Nunatak, and is a similar distance northeast of Mount
Hurley.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises the two rock massifs and
the intervening ice area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Mawson (AUS) ~540 km to the east on the Mawson
Coast.
Birds
An Adélie Penguin colony occupies the beaches and lower slopes extending up to ~200 m below Mount Biscoe and at
the foot of the western massif (Bassett et al. 1989). The colony was considered to comprise at least 5000 breeding
pairs in October 1985, although observations were made prior to the arrival of most breeding birds and the authors
recommended a later survey to estimate breeding numbers accurately (Bassett et al. 1989). More recently, Lynch &
LaRue (2014) estimated 28 536 breeding pairs (95% CI 17415, 47225) in the colony in 2011 from satellite imagery.
Antarctic Petrels (Thalassoica antarctica) breed on the slopes above the Adélie Penguin colony with the number of
breeding pairs estimated in the 1000s (van Franeker et al. 1999). Other bird species observed at the site and close
offshore include Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki), although breeding is unconfirmed (Bassett et al. 1989).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Bassett, J.A., Woehler, E.J., Ensor, P.H., Kerry, K.R. & Johnstone, G.W. 1989. Short Communication: Adélie Penguins
and Antarctic Petrels at Mount Biscoe, Western Enderby Land, Antarctica. Emu 90: 58-60.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT117: Cape Batterbee
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
53°48'49" E, 65°50'34" S
Area
151 ha
Altitude
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Batterbee is a low, rocky point situated ~6 km east of
Proclamation Island, and forms the most northerly extent of
Enderby Land. A small unnamed rocky island (~0.5 km long, ~0.3
km wide) lies several km offshore to the east.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises Cape Batterbee, the
nearby offshore island and the intervening marine area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Mawson (AUS) ~450 km to the east on the Mawson
Coast.
Birds
Approximately 30 746 breeding pairs (95% CI 18839, 50846) of
Adélie Penguin were present on Cape Batterbee and the nearby offshore island to the east as estimated from
February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014).
No other birds are known to breed at Cape Batterbee. However, Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) and Antarctic
Petrels (Thalassoica antarctica) have been reported on nearby Proclamation Island (Falla 1937).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Falla, R.A. 1937. Birds. British and New Zealand Antarctic Research Expeditions Report, Series B, Vol 2: 1-288.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT118: Kloa Point
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
57°17'12" E, 66°38'38" S
Area
289 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Kloa Point lies ~6 km north of Cape Gotley and ~9 km south of
Cape Boothby, both of which lie north of Edward VIII Gulf, Kemp
Coast, Kemp Land. The permanent ice cap of the King Edward
Plateau lies to the west. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes
forsteri) colony breeds on fast ice that forms on the southern
coast of Kloa Point.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Mawson (AUS), ~270 km to the east in Holme Bay,
Mawson Coast.
Birds
A field party of four members of the Australian National Antarctic Research Expedition visited Kloa Point on 21
September 1985, when each member carried out a ground count of Emperor Penguins present, which were gathered
in five distinct groups; the total number of chicks and adults from the four counts were averaged to give 4310
individuals (Unpublished ANARE field report data, reviewed by B. Wienecke pers. comm. 2015). Subsequent analysis
of photographs taken of the colony on 21 September 1985 gave a rough count of ~2000 adults present at the time, (B.
Wienecke pers. comm. March 2015), highlighting that the earlier count method potentially significantly inflated
numbers by including both chicks and adults. This compares with approximately 3283 Emperor Penguins present in
2009, as estimated from satellite imagery acquired 13 November 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012). Uncertainty remains over
the size of the Kloa Point colony, although a conservative view has been taken that numbers probably exceed the
threshold and therefore the IBA has been retained.
Other birds observed although not breeding in the area include Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki), Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Wilson’s Storm-
petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) (Todd et al. 1999).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been reported in the area (Todd et al. 1999).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Todd, F.S., Splettstoesser, J.F., Ledingham, R. & Gavrilo, M. 1999. Short Communication: Observations in some
Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri colonies in East Antarctica. Emu 99: 142-45.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MU99017A

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 178
Mac.Robertson Land
ANT119: Taylor Rookery
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
60°53'10" E, 67°27'13" S
Area
26 ha
Altitude
0 – 60 m
Protection
ASPA No. 101
Site description
Taylor Rookery is an Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)
colony that breeds on a small headland of predominantly
metamorphic rock located on the eastern side of Taylor Glacier,
Mawson Coast, Mac.Robertson Land. The headland is located
on the southwestern coast of a bay enclosed by the Colbeck
Archipelago in the east, Taylor Glacier in the west and
permanent continental ice of the Mawson Coast in the south.
The headland is ~0.8 km by ~0.4 km in size, with hills rising up to
~60 m in the south, north of which a short valley extends ~400
m to the coast. Several small melt lakes are present in the
shallow valley, which in winter are frozen and covered by snow.
Taylor Rookery is one of only two known extant sites where
Emperor Penguins breed entirely on land (the other is at
Amundsen Bay, East Antarctica, and a third site at Dion Islands
(IBA ANT103) is no longer occupied). Taylor Rookery was specially protected in 1966 to safeguard the largest known
Emperor Penguin colony breeding on land. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony present and
coincides with the boundary of ASPA No. 101.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS), ~ 85 km to the east in Holme Bay, Mawson Coast.
Birds
The Emperor Penguin colony breeds on level surfaces covered by snow usually in the central valley of the rock
headland. Population counts were conducted intermittently from the mid-1950s (Budd 1962) until the mid-1980s
(Horne 1983). During the early period, the population averaged 3684 ± 492, while from 1988-2010, the population
averaged only 2927 ±320 breeding pairs (Robertson et al. 2013). The reasons for this decrease of ~20 % are unknown.
Other bird species noted by Bonner & Smith (1985) as breeding at Taylor Rookery include Snow Petrel (Pagodroma
nivea), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki), although the
numbers and source of the observations are not known. More recently, South Polar Skua breeding in the area is not
confirmed in the ASPA No. 101 management plan, although they remain regularly observed.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known. The site has been specially protected for almost 50 years, and visits to this colony have been both
infrequent and strictly controlled since designation of the protected area.
Further reading
ASPA No. 101 Taylor Rookery, Mac.Robertson Land: Management Plan (2010).
Bonner, N. & Smith, R.I.L. (eds) 1985. Conservation areas in the Antarctic. SCAR, Cambridge.
Budd, G.M. 1961. The biotopes of emperor penguin rookeries. Emu 61: 171-89.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 179
Budd, G.M. 1962. Population studies in rookeries of the Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri. Proceedings of the
Zoological Society of London 139: 365-88.
Horne, R.S.C. 1983. The distribution of penguin breeding colonies on the Australian Antarctic Territory, Heard Island,
the McDonald Islands and Macquarie Island. ANARE Research Notes 9.
Robertson, G. 1992. Population size and breeding success of Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) at the Auster
and Taylor Glacier colonies, Mawson Coast, Antarctica. Emu 92: 62-71.
Robertson, G., Wienecke, B., Emmerson, L. & Fraser, A.D. 2013. Long-term trends in the population size and breeding
success of Emperor Penguins at the Taylor Glacier colony, Antarctica. Polar Biology 37(2): 251-259.
doi:10.1007/s00300-013-1428-z

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 180
ANT120: Gibbney Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
62°19'26" E, 67°33'11" S
Area
17 ha
Altitude
Protection
None
Site description
Gibbney Island lies in western Holme Bay, ~4 km north of the
coast at Forbes Glacier, Mac.Robertson Land. The rocky island is
ice free in summer, relatively flat, with a line of low cliffs along
its western coast, and is ~0.6 km long and up to 0.4 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and comprises all of Gibbney Island
and adjacent islets.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS) ~25 km to the
southeast in Holme Bay, Mawson Coast.
Birds
Approximately 12 246 breeding pairs (95% CI 7287, 20 187) of
Adélie Penguins were present on Gibbney Island as estimated
from February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). Breeding is mostly concentrated on the western side of
the island.
No other birds are known to breed on the island.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 181
ANT121: Rookery Islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
62°30'07" E, 67°36'39" S
Area
89 ha
Altitude
0 – 60 m
Protection
ASPA No. 102
Site description
Rookery Islands comprise around 75 small islands and islets
situated in western Holme Bay, Mawson Coast, Mac.Robertson
Land. The largest islands of the group are Giganteus Island in
the northwest, ~0.6km long by 0.4km wide, and Rookery Island
in the south, ~1km long and 0.25km wide. The islands are
generally rocky and of low relief, rising to ~60 m on Rookery
Island, ~25 m on Giganteus Island, and generally ranging
between 10 – 30 m on other smaller islands in the group
(Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2001).
The area is designated as ASPA No. 102 to protect resident
breeding bird species, including the Southern Giant Petrel
(Macronectes giganteus) and Cape Petrel (Daption capense),
which are not found elsewhere in the local region (ASPA No.
102 Management Plan 2010). The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colony present
and coincides with the boundary of ASPA No. 102.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS) ~ 15 km to the east in Holme Bay, Mawson Coast.
Birds
Six bird species are known to breed on Rookery Islands (Table 121.1). The following description is drawn mainly from
the ASPA No. 102 Management Plan (2010). Adélie Penguins breed on 14 islands, with the largest numbers occurring
on Rookery and Giganteus islands. Southern Giant Petrels nest on Giganteus Island only, and while the colony is stable
it is considered marginal with typically 2 – 4 pairs breeding each year since the 1960s. Giganteus Island is designated
as a Restricted Zone within ASPA No. 102 in order to offer the highest level of protection to resident Southern Giant
Petrels.
Table 121.1: Bird species breeding at Rookery Islands.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Year
Source
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
43 620
1988/89
Woehler et al. 1989
90 627 (95% CI
70 685 – 197 832)
2007/08
Southwell et al. 2013
43 989 (95% CI
26 681, 72 222)
2011
Lynch & LaRue 2014
Southern Giant Petrel
Macronectes giganteus
16
1958
Bolzer & Fisher unpub. (in
Wienecke et al. 2009)
2
2007
Pike & Wilson unpub. (in
Wienecke et al. 2009)
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
123
2007
ASPA No. 102 Management
Plan 2010
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
Confirmed
Bonner & Lewis Smith 1985
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
Confirmed
Bonner & Lewis Smith 1985
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
5
1972
Bonner & Lewis Smith 1985
Cape Petrels breed on Rookery Island and on a smaller island ~300 m to the northwest. Snow Petrels (Pagodroma
nivea) breed throughout the island group with the highest concentration on Rookery Island. Wilson’s Storm-petrels

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 182
(Oceanites oceanicus) are also frequently observed and are probably breeding on the larger islands, although nests
have not been formally observed. South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) breeding locations are not recorded in
the published literature.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Southern Giant Petrels are particularly sensitive to disturbance, and the resident colony of only a few pairs is
considered marginal. The Restricted Zone at Giganteus Island designated under ASPA No. 102 helps protect the
colony. A sizeable permanent research station is present nearby and relatively minor disturbance to the colony could
lead to local extinction. To manage these risks, strict protection has been given to this colony within ASPA No. 102,
and pilots operating aircraft locally are instructed to avoid low overflight of the area.
Further reading
ASPA No. 102 Rookery Islands, Holme Bay, Mac.Robertson Land: Management Plan (2010).
Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2001. Rookery Islands (SPA 2). Scale 1:20 000. Edition 1. Catalogue ID 12738.
Bonner, W.N. & Lewis Smith, R.I. (eds) 1985. Conservation areas in the Antarctic. Review prepared by the Sub-
Committee of Conservation, Working Group on Biology. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research,
Cambridge.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Southwell, C., McKinlay, J., Low, M., Wilson, D., Newbery, K., Lieser, J. & Emmerson, L. 2013. New methods and
technologies for regional-scale abundance estimation of land-breeding marine animals: application to
Adélie penguin populations in East Antarctica. Polar Biology 36: 843-56.
Wienecke, B., Leaper, R., Hay, I. & van den Hoff, J. 2009. Retrofitting historical data in population studies: Southern
Giant Petrels in the Australian Antarctic Territory. Endangered Species Research 8: 157-64.
Woehler, E.J., Johnstone, G.W. & Burton, H.R. 1989. The distribution and abundance of Adélie Penguins in the
Mawson area and at the Rookery Islands (Specially Protected Area 2), 1981 and 1988. ANARE Research
Notes 71.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT122: Klung Island / Welch Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
62°56'54" E, 67°33'25" S
Area
415 ha
Altitude
0 – 130 m
Protection
None
Site description
Klung Island and Welch Island are situated on the eastern side
of Holme Bay ~2 km northwest of the Mawson Coast,
Mac.Robertson Land. Klung Island is ~0.8 km long and up to 0.7
km wide, rises to 40 m, and is the largest of the Klung Islands
group. Welch Island is ~1.8 km long and up to 1 km wide with a
prominent narrow ridge rising to ~130 m. Klung and Welch
islands are mostly ice free in summer and several lakes are
present.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises Klung Island, Welch
Island and includes the intervening smaller islands and marine
area.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS) ~5 km to the
southwest in Holme Bay, Mawson Coast.
Birds
Approximately 11 441 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguins were present on Klung Island and on the small unnamed
island immediately west, and 24 620 pairs were estimated as breeding on Welch Island, as estimated from February
2011 satellite imagery (unpublished data, H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014: CI not available). Nests are
concentrated along the northern coasts of the three largest islands within the IBA.
Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) are known to breed on high ground on the islands, although numbers are not known
(Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2014).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Klung Island and Welch Island lie close to Mawson Station and local operational activities could pose potential
concerns for conservation of wildlife. In particular, oil spills and aircraft operations represent potential risks to local
breeding birdlife. Mawson Station has comprehensive procedures in place to manage and minimise these risks (see
e.g. Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2014), and station management are cognisant of locally sensitive wildlife, so risks
are considered low.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2014. Mawson fixed wing suggested flight paths. Scale 1:70 000. Edition 3. Catalogue
ID 14308.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 184
ANT123: Andersen Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
63°21'01" E, 67°26'25" S
Area
111 ha
Altitude
Protection
None
Site description
Andersen Island is part of the Robinson Island group, and is
situated ~20 km west of Cape Daly and ~8 km north of the
Mawson Coast, Mac.Robertson Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colonies on Anderson Island and an unnamed island 1
km to the south west of Andersen Island.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS) ~30 km to the
west in Holme Bay, on the Mawson coast
Birds
The presence of breeding Adélie Penguins at Andersen Island
and the nearby unnamed island was first reported in Low et al.
(2007). Subsequently, a survey of the Adélie Penguin breeding
population was undertaken in the entire Robinson Group in 2006/07 (Southwell et al. 2014). Data from this survey
estimate an Adélie Penguin population in the Andersen IBA of 12 839 (95% CI: 8865, 17 251) pairs (C. Southwell pers.
comm. 2015). The confidence interval for this IBA estimate is wider than for the Robinson regional estimate in
Southwell et al. (2014) because the regional survey was designed to provide a single estimate for the entire Robinson
population with a specific precision from sample counts rather than estimate populations at individual islands with
specific precision.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known
Conservation issues
None known
Further reading
Low, M., Meyer, L. & Southwell, C. 2007. Number and distribution of Adélie penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) breeding sites
in the Robinson Group of islands, Mac.Robertson Land coast, East Antarctica. Polar Record 43: 225-29.
Southwell, C., Low, M., Newbery, K. & Emmerson, L. 2014. First comprehensive abundance survey of a newly
discovered Adélie penguin breeding metapopulation in the Robinson Group of islands, Mac.Robertson Land,
east Antarctica. Antarctic Science 26: 265-66.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT124: Kirton Island / Macklin Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
63°38'01" E, 67°29'35" S
Area
195 ha
Altitude
0 – 30 m
Protection
None
Site description
Kirton Island and Macklin Island are part of the Robinson Island
group, and are situated amongst a number of small largely ice
free islands ~6 km west of Cape Daly, Mawson Coast,
Mac.Robertson Land. Kirton Island is ~0.6 km long and up to 0.3
km wide and lies ~200 metres north of the Mawson Coast, while
Macklin Island lies ~ 2 km further north and is ~0.5 km long and
up to 0.4 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises Kirton Island, Macklin
Island, associated smaller islands and the intervening marine
area.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS) ~35 km to the
west in Holme Bay, on the Mawson Coast.
Birds
Approximately 12 955 breeding pairs (95% CI 7737, 21 308) of Adélie Penguin were present at Kirton Island and
Macklin Island in December 2006 as estimated from satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). Southwell et al. (2014)
estimated approximately 48 500 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin present within the Robinson Island group as a whole
in a survey conducted from 2-4 December 2006.
No other birds are known to breed on the islands.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Southwell, C., Low, M., Newbery, K. & Emmerson, L. 2014. First comprehensive abundance survey of a newly
discovered Adélie penguin breeding metapopulation in the Robinson Group of islands, Mac.Robertson Land,
east Antarctica. Antarctic Science 26: 265-66.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 186
ANT125: Auster Rookery
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
63°58'48" E, 67°23'24" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Auster Rookery is situated ~6 km northeast of Auster Islands
and ~15 km due north of Landmark Point, Mawson Coast,
Mac.Robertson Land. The site is characterised by concentrations
of icebergs that are typically grounded in the relatively shallow
seas found in this area. The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present on fast
ice and is entirely marine.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS), ~51 km to the
west in Holme Bay, on Mawson Coast.
Birds
Robertson’s (1995) systematic count at Auster Rookery in the
winter of 1988 reported 10 963 breeding pairs present. Analysis
of a satellite image acquired on 25 October 2009 (Fretwell et al.
2012) indicated that approximately 7855 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. Other birds observed at
Auster Rookery, although not breeding, include the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae), South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), Southern Giant Petrel
(Macronectes giganteus) and Antarctic Tern (Sterna vittata) (Todd et al. 1999).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been reported in the area (Todd et al. 1999).
Conservation issues
From 2004-14 one tourist visit was made to Auster Rookery when 68 visitors landed in 2007/08 (IAATO Tourism
Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014).
Further reading
Budd, G.M. 1961. The biotopes of emperor penguin rookeries. Emu 61: 171-89.
Budd, G.M. 1962. Population studies in rookeries of the emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri. Proceedings of the
Zoological Society of London 139: 365-89.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Robertson, G. 1992. Population size and breeding success of Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) at the Auster
and Taylor Glacier colonies, Mawson Coast, Antarctica. Emu 92: 62-71.
Robertson, G. 1995. The foraging ecology of Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) at two Mawson Coast colonies,
Antarctica. ANARE Reports 138.
Todd, F.S., Splettstoesser, J.F., Ledingham, R. & Gavrilo, M. 1999. Short Communication: Observations in some
Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri colonies in East Antarctica. Emu 99: 142-45. doi:10.1071/MU99017A

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT126: Scullin Monolith / Murray Monolith
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
66°52'24" E, 67°47'27" S
66°42'40" E, 67°47'32" S
Area
1023 ha
Altitude
0 – 435 m
Protection
ASPA No. 164
Site description
Scullin Monolith and Murray Monolith are imposing steep
massifs of metasedimentary gneiss and granitic origin, situated
~5 km apart on the Mawson Coast, Mac.Robertson Land. The
adjacent coastline consists of ice cliffs rising up to 40 m in
height. Scullin Monolith, in the west, rises steeply to extend
from Mikkelsen Peak (435 m) westward in a crescent that
encloses Douglas Bay. Murray Monolith is dome-shaped with
steep sides and rises to a seaward summit of 339 m and an
inland summit of 363 m at Torlyn Mountain.
The area was designated as ASPA No. 164 in 2005 on the basis
of its ecological and scientific values, in particular for the largest
concentration of seabird breeding colonies in East Antarctica
(ASPA No. 164 Management Plan 2010).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica)
colonies present and coincides with the boundary of ASPA No. 164.
The nearest permanent station is Mawson (AUS), ~170 km to the west in Holme Bay, on Mawson Coast.
Birds
Seven bird species breed at Scullin and Murray monoliths (Tables 126.1 and 126.2). At Scullin Monolith a large colony
of Adélie Penguins breeds on the lower slopes up to 200 m along the coast of Douglas Bay, and extends ~500 m along
the northern coast below Mikkelsen Peak at elevations of <50 m. Large numbers of Antarctic Petrel and Southern
Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides) breed on the higher slopes around Douglas Bay (Table 126.1). The population of
Antarctic Petrel at Scullin Monolith is the second largest in Antarctica after the colony at Svarthamaren (IBA ANT116,
ASPA No. 142). South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) also breed on the upper southwestern and southeastern
slopes of Scullin Monolith. Adélie penguins at Murray Monolith breed on the lower slopes along the coast below and
west of the seaward summit, including on glacial ice covered by moraine (Southwell & Emmerson 2013). The
distribution of other breeding birds at Murray Monolith has not yet been described.
Table 126.1: Bird species breeding at Scullin Monolith.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Year
Source
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
42 920
1
2010/11
Southwell & Emmerson 2013
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
49 500
2
1986/87
Alonso et al. 1987
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
1350
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
157 000
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
14
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
1200
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
Confirmed
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
30
1. Southwell & Emmerson (2013) counted individuals; given that the counts were made on 10 December this was considered a
reasonable approximation of breeding pairs.
2. Southwell & Emmerson (2013) considered this estimate highly uncertain because it is based on counts made late in the breeding
season.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Table 126.2: Bird species breeding at Murray Monolith.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Year
Source
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
8295
1
2010/11
Southwell & Emmerson 2013
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
20 000
2
1986/87
Alonso et al. 1987
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
150
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
3500
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
Confirmed
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
Confirmed
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
Confirmed
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
Confirmed
1. Southwell & Emmerson (2013) counted individuals, which was considered a reasonable approximation of breeding pairs.
2. Southwell & Emmerson (2013) recommended this estimate be interpreted with caution owing to lack of detail on its derivation.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) and a Leopard Seal (Hydrurga leptonyx) have been observed in the vicinity
(ASPA No. 164 Management Plan 2010).
Conservation issues
The first visits and landings at Scullin and Murray monoliths occurred in the 1930s (ASPA No. 164 Management Plan
2010). More recently, visits have been for scientific research although are rare and usually for less than a day per visit.
One visit of 6 days duration was made in February 1987 to carry out the only detailed bird census of the site yet made.
Access may be made by small boat or helicopter. Aircraft operations perhaps pose the most significant local
conservation risk, although strict rules governing aircraft operations and overflight are imposed by the ASPA
management plan which should ensure breeding sites are adequately protected. The area is considered mostly
undisturbed and suitable as a reference site.
A few tourist visits have been made to Scullin Monolith, the first being of 80 people in 1992. Subsequently, 90 visitors
landed in 1996/97; 235 in 1997/98; 96 in 1998/99; and in 2007/08 one visit was made to the Murray Monolith area
although none landed (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 23/01/2015). No tourists have visited since the site was
designated an ASPA in 2008.
Further reading
Alonso, J.C., Johnstone, G.W., Hindell, M., Osborne, P. & Guard, R. 1987. Las aves del Monolito Scullin, Antartida
Oriental. Actas del segundo Syposium Español de Estudios Antárticos: Madrid, 13 – 15 Julio, 1987.
ASPA No. 164 Scullin and Murray Monoliths, Mac.Robertson Land: Management Plan (2010).
Southwell, C. & Emmerson, L.M. 2013. New counts of Adélie Penguin populations at Scullin and Murray monoliths,
Mac.Robertson Land, East Antarctica. Antarctic Science 25(3): 381-84.
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT127: Cape Darnley
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
69°42'24" E, 67°53'05" S
Area
440 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Darnley lies at the northern extremity of Bjerkø Peninsula,
on the Lars Christensen Coast, Mac.Robertson Land. The Bjerkø
Peninsula is fully covered by a permanent ice cap, from which
icebergs calve into western Prydz Bay. Fast ice persists along the
coast where icebergs can become grounded, providing a stable
platform where Emperor Penguins may breed.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present, is entirely marine and is
situated on fast ice ~20 km southeast of Cape Darnley and ~80
km northwest of the Amery Ice Shelf.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Mawson Station (AUS), ~290 km to the west on the
Mawson Coast.
Birds
An Emperor Penguin colony was first seen at Cape Darnley from an aircraft in August 1958; ~5000 penguins were
estimated to be present (Willing 1958). Fretwell et al. (2012) estimated 3465 Emperor Penguins were present in 2009
based on satellite image analysis. However, B. Wienecke (pers. comm. Dec 2014) reported ~8000 chicks present based
on a more detailed photographic survey carried out in December 2013, which suggests that the Fretwell et al. (2012)
result for 2009 may have been an underestimate.
No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known. Between 2004-14 one tourist visit was made to the Cape Darnley area, in 2011/12 when 108 visitors
landed (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014). The site is very remote and rarely visited.
Further reading
Budd, G.M. 1961. The biotopes of emperor penguin rookeries. Emu 61: 171-89.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Willing R.L. 1958. Australian discoveries of Emperor Penguin rookeries in Antarctica during 1954-1957. Nature 182:
1393-94.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 190
Princess Elizabeth Land
ANT128: Amanda Bay
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
76°50'51" E, 69°15'13" S
Area
1715 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
ASPA No. 169
Site description
Amanda Bay is situated between Hovde Glacier and Flatnes Ice
Tongue, southeastern Prydz Bay, Ingrid Christensen Coast,
Princess Elizabeth Land. The bay is ~4 km wide and extends
around the same distance inland.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present, and includes all of
Amanda Bay and the islands within. The IBA coincides with the
boundary of ASPA No. 169.
The nearest permanent stations are Zhongshan Station (CHN),
Law-Racoviţă Station (ROU), and Progress II Station (RUS), and
Bharati (IND), ~20 km to the southeast in the Larsemann Hills.
Birds
A large Emperor Penguin colony breeds within Amanda Bay, usually located on fast ice that persists near a rocky island
in the southwestern part of the bay.
Various population estimates were made at this colony in the past (Wienecke & Pedersen 2009). Fretwell et al. (2012)
estimated 6831 adults based on satellite image analysis. However, B. Wienecke (pers. comm. Dec 2014) reported
~9700 chicks present in the same year, based on a more detailed photographic survey carried out in December 2009,
suggesting the Fretwell et al. (2012) result is an underestimate.
South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) and Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) are known to breed on
the islands in Amanda Bay, although numbers are not known (ASPA No.169 Management Plan 2014). Adélie Penguins
have been observed within the area (Todd et al. 1999) and a few dozen moult on the islands.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) regularly haul out in the area, particularly in southern Amanda Bay where sea
ice is more stable (ASPA No.169 Management Plan 2014).
Conservation issues
From 2003-14 one tourist visit was made to Amanda Bay in 2007/08 when 66 visitors landed (IAATO Tourism
Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014). Access to Amanda Bay was restricted by permit under the management plan for
ASPA No.169 in 2008 and visits are infrequent.
Further reading
ASPA No. 169 Amanda Bay, Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica: Management Plan
(2014).
Cracknell, G.S. 1986. Population counts and observations at the Emperor penguin Aptenodytes forsteri colony at
Amanda Bay, Antarctica. Emu 86: 113-17.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 191
Todd, F.S., Splettstoesser, J.F., Ledingham, R. & Gavrilo, M. 1999. Short Communication: Observations in some
Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri colonies in East Antarctica. Emu 99: 142-45.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MU99017A
Wienecke, B. & Pedersen, P. 2009. Population estimates of Emperor Penguins at Amanda Bay, Ingrid Christensen
Coast, Antarctica. Polar Record 45 (3): 207-14.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 192
ANT129: Caro Island, Rauer Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°42'11" E, 68°51'32" S
Area
57 ha
Altitude
0 – 40 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Rauer Islands are situated between Ranvik Bay and Sørsdal
Glacier Tongue, Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth
Land. Caro Island lies ~2 km south of Hop Island, is ~1.3 km long
by up to 1.2 km wide and is mainly ice free in summer. A
prominent ridge of ~30 m in height rises to a maximum
elevation on the northeastern coast of ~40 m.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and includes all of Caro Island.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~33 km to the
north on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) estimated 20 087 breeding pairs
of Adélie Penguin on Caro Island in 1981/82. This compares with approximately 34 790 breeding pairs of Adélie
Penguin present in 2010/11 as estimated from February 2011 satellite imagery (unpublished data, H. Lynch & M.
LaRue pers. comm. 2014). Information on other breeding birds on Caro Island is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Arnould, J.P.Y. & Whitehead, M.D. 1991. The diet of Antarctic Petrels, Cape Petrels and Southern Fulmars rearing
chicks in Prydz Bay. Antarctic Science 3: 19-27.
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 193
ANT130: Hop Island, Rauer Islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
77°41'46" E, 68°49'45" S
Area
532 ha
Altitude
0 – 50 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Rauer Islands are situated between Ranvik Bay and Sørsdal
Glacier Tongue, Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth
Land. Hop Island lies in the west of the Rauer group, is ~3 km
long by 2.5 km wide and is mainly ice free in summer.
Topography rises to a maximum elevation of ~50 m and the
northern and western coasts are characterised by cliffs. A
number of small lakes are present on the island. The decay of
bedrock has created potential sites for cavity-nesting birds
(Norman & Ward 1999).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
colonies present, and comprises all of Hop Island.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~30 km to the
north on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) counted 43 268 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin on Hop Island in 1981/82. This
compares with approximately 51 015 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin present in 2010/11 as estimated from February
2011 satellite imagery (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014: CI not available). Adélie Penguin and
South Polar Skua breeding is concentrated along the western coast of the island. Six flying bird species breed at Hop
Island (Table 130.1).
Table 130.1: Flying bird species breeding at Hop Island.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Year
Source
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
2576
1981
Creuwels et al. 2007
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
1000
1986
van Franeker et al. 1999
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
50
1986
Arnould & Whitehead 1991
200
1995
Hodum 1999; cited in Hodum
2004.
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
Confirmed
Green & Johnstone 1986; cited in
Arnould & Whitehead 1991
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
Confirmed
Green & Johnstone 1986; cited in
Arnould & Whitehead 1991
South Polar Skuas
Catharacta maccormicki
79
1990/91
Norman & Ward 1999
Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) have been reported visiting the island, presumably from the breeding
colony situated on Hawker Island (Norman & Ward 1999).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) frequent the coast during summer.
Conservation issues
None known.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 194
Further reading
Arnould, J.P.Y. & Whitehead, M.D. 1991. The diet of Antarctic Petrels, Cape Petrels and Southern Fulmars rearing
chicks in Prydz Bay. Antarctic Science 3: 19-27.
Creuwels, J.C.S., Poncet, S., Hodum, P.J. & van Franeker J.A. 2007. Distribution and abundance of the Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides. Polar Biology 30: 1083-1097.
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Norman, F.I. & Ward, S.J. 1999. Aspects of the Ecology of South Polar Skuas Catharacta maccormicki at Hop Island,
Rauer Group, East Antarctica. Emu 99(3): 176-190. doi: 10.1071/MU99021
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 195
ANT131: Filla Island, Rauer Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°46'49" E, 68°48'16" S
Area
102 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
The Rauer Islands are situated between Ranvik Bay and Sørsdal
Glacier Tongue, Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth
Land. Filla Island, the largest of the Rauer group, is up to 5.5 km
long by 2.8 km wide and is ice free in summer.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises the western extremity of
Filla Island.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~26 km to the
north on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) estimated 15 097 breeding pairs
of Adélie Penguin on Filla Island in 1981/82. This compares with
27 900 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin present in 2010/11 as estimated from February 2011 satellite imagery
(unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014: CI not available).
Substantial numbers of fulmarine petrels also breed on Filla Island, with approximately 4007 breeding pairs of
Southern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialoides) counted in 1985 (Creuwels et al. 2007), 1100 pairs of Antarctic Petrel
(Thalassoica antarctica) counted in 1981 (van Franeker et al. 1999), and 100 pairs of Cape Petrel (Daption capense)
counted in 1995 (Hodum unpublished; cited in Hodum et al. 2004).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Creuwels, J.C.S., Poncet, S., Hodum, P.J. & van Franeker J.A. 2007. Distribution and abundance of the Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides. Polar Biology 30: 1083-97.
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 196
ANT132: Kazak Island / Zolotov Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°51'44" E, 68°39'37" S
Area
167 ha
Altitude
0 – 46 m
Protection
None
Site description
Kazak Island and Zolotov Island are situated 1 km south of
Hawker Island (ASPA No. 167) and 0.5 km west of Mule
Peninsula, in Prydz Bay on the Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess
Elizabeth Land. Kazak Island is ~ 0.6 km long and 0.45 km wide
and rises to ~20 m. Zolotov Island is ~ 1.4 km long and up to 1.2
km wide and rises to ~46 m. Several small lakes are present on
Zolotov Island (Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colonies present and comprises all of Kazak Island and
Zolotov Island and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~10 km to the
northeast on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) estimated 5569 and 17 496 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin on Kazak and Zolotov
islands, respectively, in 1981/82. No recent census is available for the colonies. Breeding colonies occur along the
western coast of Kazak Island, while on Zolotov Island extends from the northern to the southern coasts over the
central part of the island.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 4 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13982.
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT133: Unnamed island at Donskiye Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°52'11" E, 68°36'58" S
Area
20 ha
Altitude
0 – 20 m
Protection
None
Site description
The unnamed island is situated ~0.5 km west of Redfearn Island
in the Donskiye Island group, in the southern part of the
Vestfold Hills, and ~1 km north of ASPA No. 167 Hawker Island,
Princess Elizabeth Land. The unnamed island is ice free, ~ 0.8 km
long and up to 0.35 km wide, and rises to ~52 m.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present at the site. The IBA comprises the entire
unnamed island.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~6 km to the
northeast on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Approximately 21 358 pairs of Adélie Penguin were estimated
as breeding at the unnamed island using satellite imagery from February 2012 (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue
pers. comm. 2014: CI not available). In 1981/82 the colony size was estimated with 10 522 breeding pairs (Whitehead
& Johnstone 1990). The breeding colony is situated on the northern part of the island on both the east and west coast.
Lynch & LaRue (2014) grouped records of Adélie Penguins present on the unnamed island in Donskiye Islands (IBA
ANT137) with Warriner Island (IBA ANT138), Lugg, Magnetic and Turner islands (IBA ANT140), and Gardner Island (IBA
ANT139) and referred to these as ‘Vestfold South’.
No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Donskiye Islands lie close to Davis Station and local operational activities could pose potential concerns for
conservation of wildlife. In particular, oil spills and aircraft operations represent potential risks to local breeding
birdlife. Davis Station has comprehensive procedures in place to manage and minimise these risks (see e.g. Australian
Antarctic Data Centre 2012), and station management are cognisant of locally sensitive wildlife, so risks are
considered low.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 4 of 5, Scale 1: 50000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13982.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 198
ANT134: Warriner Island, Donskiye Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°54'51" E, 68°36'25" S
Area
68 ha
Altitude
0 – 55 m
Protection
None
Site description
Warriner Island is the eastern-most of the Donskiye Islands,
located ~0.5 km west of Broad Peninsula in the southern part of
the Vestfold Hills, Princess Elizabeth Land. It is an ice free island,
~ 1.2 km long and up to 0.7km wide. Its highest point reaches 52
m.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present at the site. The IBA comprises all of
Warriner Island.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~4 km to the
northeast on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Approximately 23 760 pairs of Adélie Penguin were estimated
as breeding at Warriner Island using satellite imagery from February 2012 (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue
pers. comm. 2014: CI not available). In 1981/82 the colony size was estimated with 14 782 breeding pairs (Whitehead
& Johnstone 1990). The breeding colony is situated on the flatter part of the island along its west coast. Lynch & LaRue
(2014) grouped records of Adélie Penguins present on Warriner Island (IBA ANT138) with the unnamed island in
Donskiye Islands (IBA ANT137), Lugg, Magnetic and Turner islands (IBA ANT140), and Gardner Island (IBA ANT139) and
referred to these as ‘Vestfold South’.
No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) haul out in the vicinity at the western end of Broad Peninsula (Australian
Antarctic Data Centre 2012).
Conservation issues
Donskiye Islands lie close to Davis Station and local operational activities could pose potential concerns for
conservation of wildlife. In particular, oil spills and aircraft operations represent potential risks to local breeding
birdlife. Davis Station has comprehensive procedures in place to manage and minimise these risks (see e.g. Australian
Antarctic Data Centre 2012), and station management are cognisant of locally sensitive wildlife, so risks are
considered low.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 4 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13982.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 199
ANT135: Gardner Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°52'15" E, 68°34'41" S
Area
51 ha
Altitude
0 – 50m
Protection
None
Site description
Gardner Island lies ~3 km west of Broad Peninsula, southern
Vestfold Hills, on the Ingrid Christensen Coast, in Prydz Bay,
Princess Elizabeth Land. The island is largely ice free, ~ 1.2 km
by 0.5 km, and rises to ~47 m.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises all of Gardner Island.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~3 km to the east
on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Approximately 27 105 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were
present at Gardner Island as estimated from February 2012
satellite imagery (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers.
comm. 2014: CI not available). In 1981/82 the colony size was estimated at 22 180 breeding pairs (Whitehead &
Johnstone 1990). Nests are widely distributed over the island. Lynch & LaRue (2014) grouped records of Adélie
Penguins present on Gardner Island (IBA ANT139) with the unnamed island in Donskiye Islands (IBA ANT137),
Warriner Island (IBA ANT138), and Lugg, Magnetic and Turner islands (IBA ANT140), and referred to these as ‘Vestfold
South’.
Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) breeding is confirmed on Gardner Island (Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Gardner Island lies close to Davis Station and local operational activities could pose potential concerns for
conservation of wildlife. In particular, oil spills and aircraft operations represent potential risks to local breeding
birdlife. Davis Station has comprehensive procedures in place to manage and minimise these risks (see e.g. Australian
Antarctic Data Centre 2012), and station management are cognisant of locally sensitive wildlife, so risks are
considered low.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 4 of 5, Scale 1: 50000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13982.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G. W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 200
ANT136: Magnetic Island and nearby islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°55'32" E, 68°32'39" S
Area
384 ha
Altitude
0 – 60 m
Protection
None
Site description
Magnetic Island, Turner Island and Lugg Island are situated
amongst a group of small islands lying close offshore from the
southern Vestfold Hills, in Prydz Bay on the Ingrid Christensen
Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land. Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis
adeliae) breed on Magnetic, Turner and Lugg islands, which are
up to ~0.5 km across. All of the islands are mostly ice free in
summer. Turner Island rises up to ~40 m and Magnetic Island up
to ~58 m.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin colonies
present. The IBA comprises Turner, Magnetic, Waterhouse,
Lugg, Boyd and Bluff islands and the intervening islands and
marine area.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~4 km to the
southeast on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) estimated 17 184, 16 964, and 5553 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin on Magnetic,
Lugg and Turner islands, respectively, in 1981/82.
As estimated from February 2012 satellite imagery, approximately 14 840, 9392, and 4791 breeding pairs of Adélie
Penguin were present on Magnetic, Lugg and Turner islands, respectively (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers.
comm. 2014: CI not available). While the numbers estimated on Magnetic and Turner islands seem comparable to
those counted in 1981/82 (Whitehead & Johnstone 1990), the presence of almost half the number of breeding pairs
on Lugg Island seems anomalous, although the cause of the difference is unknown. Breeding on Magnetic Island
occurs on a flat peninsula protruding on the western side of the island and along the central ridge and northwestern
slopes. Breeding extends across most of Lugg Island, while breeding occurs mainly in the central part of Turner Island.
Lynch & LaRue (2014) grouped records of Adélie Penguins present on Lugg, Magnetic and Turner islands (IBA ANT136)
with Gardner Island (IBA ANT135), Warriner Island (IBA ANT134), and the unnamed island in Donskiye Islands (IBA
ANT133), and referred to these as ‘Vestfold South’.
Approximately 150 breeding pairs of Cape Petrel (Daption capense) were recorded on Bluff Island, 40 pairs on Turner
Island and 35 pairs on Magnetic Island in 1990 (Hodum unpublished; cited in Hodum et al. 2004). Snow Petrels
(Pagodroma nivea) breed on Turner, Lugg and several of the unnamed smaller islands in the group (Australian
Antarctic Data Centre 2012).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Magnetic Island and nearby islands lie close to Davis Station and local operational activities could pose potential
concerns for conservation of wildlife. In particular, oil spills and aircraft operations represent potential risks to local
breeding birdlife. Davis Station has comprehensive procedures in place to manage and minimise these risks (see e.g.
Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012), and station management are cognisant of locally sensitive wildlife, so risks are
considered low.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 2 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13980.
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT137: Lucas Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
77°57'21" E, 68°30'14" S
Area
9.3 ha
Altitude
0 – 40 m
Protection
None
Site description
Lucas Island is situated 3.5 km northwest of Plough Island and 5
km west of southern Long Peninsula, in Prydz Bay on the Ingrid
Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land. Lucas Island is ~ 0.6
km long and up to 0.2 km wide, rises to ~40 m, and is mostly ice
free in summer.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises all of Lucas Island.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~8 km to the
south on Broad Peninsula, Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) estimated 13 663 breeding pairs
of Adélie Penguin on Lucas Island in 1981/82. No recent census
is available for the colony. Penguins nest over the entire island.
No other birds are known to breed on the island.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 2 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13980.
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT138: Rookery Lake / W Long Peninsula
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
78°06'56" E, 68°29'11" S
Area
741 ha
Altitude
0 – 75 m
Protection
None
Site description
Long Peninsula is situated at the western extremity of the
northern Vestfold Hills, in Prydz Bay on the Ingrid Christensen
Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land. Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis
adeliae) breed on relatively flat sites along the western coast of
Long Peninsula, extending from Rookery Lake in the southwest
to Bulatnaya Bay in the northwest, a distance of ~6 km. The
area is mostly ice free in the summer, and comprises a number
of low hills rising to a maximum elevation of 74 m.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin colony
present, and comprises the area of Long Peninsula west of
Williams Lake.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~10 km to the
southwest on Broad Peninsula.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) counted 37 335 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin on Long Peninsula from aerial
photography acquired in Dec 1981. Breeding occurs at three main locations: on the coast west of Rookery Lake; on a
broad, flat peninsula ~2 km northeast of Rookery Lake; and on the northern extremity of the peninsula that lies west
of Bulatnaya Bay, locally known as ‘Albino Rookery’.
Approximately 45 497 breeding pairs (95% CI 27 475, 73 759) of Adélie Penguin were present over this area as
estimated from December 2012 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014), indicating that numbers may be stable at this
site. Lynch & LaRue (2014) refer to this site as ‘Vestfold North’.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
The sea ice within ~1 km from the shore of the breeding area has been identified as a Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes
weddellii) pupping area (Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 2 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13980.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 204
ANT139: Tryne Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
78°24'58" E, 68°22'27" S
Area
40 ha
Altitude
0 – 32 m
Protection
None
Site description
Tryne Islands are situated on the Ingrid Christensen Coast,
Princess Elizabeth Land, and form the western limit of Tryne Bay
which lies to the north of the Vestfold Hills, Prydz Bay.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and comprises a small unnamed island
of ~1.2 km by 0.5 km in the north of the Tryne Islands. The
island is of low, rocky topography rising to an elevation of 32 m,
and is largely ice free with several small ponds in summer.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~29 km to the
southwest on Broad Peninsula in the Vestfold Hills.
Birds
Whitehead & Johnstone (1990) counted 16 231 breeding pairs
of Adélie Penguin on the unnamed island from aerial photography acquired in Dec 1981. More recently,
approximately 13 227 breeding pairs were present on the same island, as estimated from Dec 2011 satellite imagery
(unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014: CI not available).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
The area around Tryne Islands is a Weddell Seal (Leptonychotes weddellii) pupping area (Australian Antarctic Data
Centre 2012).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Vestfold Hills Map 1 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 13979.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Whitehead, M.D. & Johnstone, G.W. 1990. The distribution and estimated abundance of Adélie Penguins breeding in
Prydz Bay, Antarctica. NIPR Symposium on Polar Biology: 91-98.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT140: West Ice Shelf
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
81°49'30" E, 66°32'12" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
The West Ice Shelf lies on the King Leopold and Queen Astrid
Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land, between the Davis Sea and Prydz
Bay. The ice shelf, one of the largest in East Antarctica, extends
~350 km between Barrier Bay in the west and Posadowsky Bay
in the east and up to 120 km northward from the continental
margin.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present on sea ice, and is entirely
marine.
The nearest permanent station is Davis (AUS), ~280 km to the
southwest on Broad Peninsula in the Vestfold Hills, Prydz Bay.
Birds
An Emperor Penguin colony is situated on fast ice near the northwestern margin of the West Ice Shelf. An incomplete
count made in Nov 2011 recorded at least 3436 chicks (Wienecke 2012). The vast majority of these were observed on
the sea ice, although it was noted that a few had made their way onto the top of the ice shelf via a snow ramp
(Wienecke 2012).
A large emperor colony of ~15 000 birds was recorded in the region around 160 km north of the West Ice Shelf by
Russian expeditions undertaken in the late 1950s – early 1960s. There have been substantial changes to an ice tongue
and the ice shelf in the region since this time, and a colony has not been re-observed in that original location since.
However, the northern West Ice Shelf colony is a probable descendant that has moved in accordance with the ice and
favourable breeding conditions. A smaller colony of Emperor Penguins (1156 chicks counted Nov 2011; Wienecke
2012) is situated on the western side of the ice shelf in Barrier Bay, ~77 km southwest from the northern West Ice
Shelf colony, and (speculatively) this may also be a descendant from the larger colony earlier observed by Russian
expeditions; however it is not included within the IBA because of its distance from the larger aggregation.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., Trathan, P.N., Wienecke, B. & Kooyman, G.L. 2014. Emperor penguins breeding on iceshelves. PLoS ONE
9(1): 1-9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085285
Wienecke, B. 2012. Emperor penguins at the West Ice Shelf. Polar Biology 35(9): 1289-96. doi:10.1007/s00300-012-
1172-9.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Queen Mary Land
ANT141: Haswell Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
93°01'02" E, 66°31'49" S
Area
501 ha
Altitude
0 – 93 m
Protection
ASPA No. 127
Site description
Haswell Island is the main island in the Haswell Islands group,
situated at the eastern limit of Macdonald Bay in the Davis Sea,
~3 km north from Mabus Point, Queen Mary Land. The island is
roughly circular, ~1 km in diameter, and comprises several rocky
knolls rising to a maximum elevation of 93 m.
Haswell Island and adjacent sea ice was specially protected in
1975 because of the presence of large numbers of eight
breeding bird species, including Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica
antarctica), Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides), Cape
Petrel (Daption capense), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea),
Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki), Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)
and Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) (ASPA No. 127
Management Plan 2011).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony and also qualifies on the basis of more than 10 000
seabirds present. The IBA comprises all of Haswell Island and a marine component encompassing the area within
which the Emperor Penguins typically breed on sea ice. The IBA coincides with the boundary of ASPA No. 127.
The nearest permanent station is Mirny (RUS), ~3 km to the south on Mabus Point.
Birds
Emperor Penguins breed on fast ice that typically forms to the east and southeast of Haswell Island. Approximately
3247 Emperor Penguins were present in 2009 as estimated from satellite imagery, although image quality was poor
(Fretwell et al. 2012). A mean of 4365 (SD=579) breeding pairs since 1981 was reported by Barbraud et al. (2011).
Approximately 13 000 adults were recorded present during egg-laying in 2010 (ASPA No. 127 Management Plan 2011).
Earlier counts estimated ~9000 breeding pairs in 1962 (Pryor 1968) and ~8500 pairs in 1970 (unpublished, cited in
Woehler 1993; see note in Table 141.1). Barbraud et al. (2011) document a dramatic decline in the emperor
population at Haswell Island and Pointe Géologie from around the mid-1970s, which they attribute largely to
significant shifts in the sea ice regime and related changes in prey availability.
Adélie Penguins breed over much of Haswell Island. Snow Petrel and Wilson’s Storm-petrel breed mainly on the
eastern and southeastern coasts. Antarctic Petrel, Southern Fulmar and Cape Petrel breed along the northern and
eastern coastlines. South Polar Skuas are widely distributed on the island, with the majority of nests close to the
Adélie Penguin colony (ASPA No. 127 Management Plan 2011).
The number of birds breeding at Haswell Island are summarised in Table 141.1. Other non-breeding bird species
recorded at the island include Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus),
Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Pomarine Jaeger (Skua) (Stercorarius pomarinus), Brown Skua
(Catharacta antarctica) and Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus). Pryor’s (1968) detailed account of birds on Haswell Island
provides a useful baseline against which to compare contemporary surveys of the status of breeding seabirds on
Haswell Island.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Table 141.1: Bird species breeding on and adjacent to Haswell Island.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Year
Source
Emperor Penguin
Aptenodytes forsteri
9000
1
1962
Pryor 1968
8500
2
1970
Unpublished Russian data, cited
in Woehler 1993
13 000 adults
2010
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
17 800
1
1962/63
Pryor 1968
12 350
1978/79
Starck 1980
13 500
2009/10
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
~4000
1962/63
Pryor 1968
3150±200 and
250± 10
1978/79
Starck 1980
2500
2009/10
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
1054±50
3
1962/63
Pryor 1968
250±10 nests
1978/79
Starck 1980
250
2009/10
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
740±50
1962/63
Pryor 1968
220±10 nests
1978/79
Starck 1980
150
2009/10
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
350
1962/63
Pryor 1968
60-75
1999/2001
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
500-600
1962
Pryor 1968
>40
2009/10
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
23
1962/36
Pryor 1968
20 nests
1979
Starck 1980
62
2009/10
ASPA No 127 Haswell Island 2011
1. Numbers in the source paper were halved to give breeding pairs.
2. On the assumption that the count of 17 000 cited by Woehler (1993) represents individuals rather than pairs, the count has
been halved to give breeding pairs. The high figure seems unlikely in view of other counts made at Haswell Island.
3. Pryor (1968) used the term “breeding population”, and it is uncertain whether this meant “breeding pairs”. Based on Pryor’s
work, van Franeker et al. (1999) interpreted the observations as breeding pairs, which J.A. van Franeker (pers. comm. 2015)
reaffirmed; this convention is therefore followed here.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Minke Whales (Balaenoptera sp.), Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) and Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are
frequently observed in the vicinity. Other Antarctic seal species are observed only rarely.
Conservation issues
Barbraud et al. (2011) have shown that Emperor Penguin numbers at Haswell Island declined substantially around the
1970s, and numbers in 2009 remained consistently around 60% of those in their base year of 1958. A number of
factors may be driving declines, including significant changes to the sea ice regime and related prey availability as a
consequence of long term climate change, Antarctic fisheries (including illegal, unregulated and unreported fishing),
and local disturbance from station activities and colony visits. Barbraud et al. (2011) identify the first of these as the
most likely salient cause.
Further reading
ASPA No.127 Haswell Island: Management Plan (2011).
Barbraud, C., Gavrilo, M., Mizin, Y. & Weimerskirch, H. 2011. Comparison of Emperor Penguin declines between
Pointe Géologie and Haswell Island over the past 50 years. Antarctic Science 23(5): 461-68.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Pryor, M.E. 1968. The avifauna of Haswell Island. Antarctic Research Series 12: 57-82.
Starck, W. 1980. The avifauna of Haswell Island (East Antarctica) in summer of 1978/79. Polish Polar Research 1: 183-
96.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 208
Todd, F.S., Splettstoesser, J.F., Ledingham, R. & Gavrilo, M. 1999. Short Communication: Observations in some
Emperor Penguin Aptenodytes forsteri colonies in East Antarctica. Emu 99: 142-45.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/MU99017A
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic penguins. Scientific Committee
on Antarctic Research. Cambridge, UK.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT142: Shackleton Ice Shelf
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
96°11'01" E, 64°59'31" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 -20 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Shackleton Ice Shelf extends ~350 km from Junction Corner
in the west to Elliott Cape in the east on the Queen Mary Coast
of Queen Mary Land. The ice shelf protrudes into the Davis Sea
~180 km in the west and ~80 km in the east.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present and includes part of the
northwestern margin of the ice shelf on which they may on
occasion breed, and the adjacent marine area.
The closest permanent station is Mirny (RUS), ~230 km to the
southwest at Queen Mary Land.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired on 10 October 2009
(Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 6471 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. During 2008-
10, the colony was located on the fast ice at the base of the ice shelf. However, the colony moved onto the ice shelf
itself in 2011 and 2012 owing to unsuitable sea ice conditions. Access onto the ice shelf was gained through a gulley
several km east of the main colony breeding areas (Fretwell et al. 2014). Guano staining on shelf ice and evidence of
individual birds in high resolution satellite imagery indicated that the colony moved over an area of ~6 x 5 km on the
ice shelf throughout the course of the winter (Fretwell et al. 2014).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Numerous seals, most likely Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii), haul out along sea ice leads near the access
gulley east of the Emperor Penguin colony, as evident in satellite imagery available on Google Earth (imagery Digital
Globe, 24 Nov 2011).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Fretwell, P.T., Trathan, P.N., Wienecke, B. & Kooyman, G.L. 2014. Emperor penguins breeding on iceshelves. PLoS ONE
9(1): 1-9. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0085285

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Wilkes Land
ANT143: Peterson Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
110°30'01" E, 66°27'30" S
Area
397 ha
Altitude
0 – 60 m
Protection
None
Site description
Peterson Island is situated in the southern Windmill Islands,
Budd Coast, Wilkes Land. The island is ~3.5 km long and up to 2
km wide, and is separated from Browning Peninsula by a narrow
channel of ~200-400 m width. The island has rocky, undulating
topography rising to ~60 m and is mostly ice free in summer. A
large narrow inlet extends several km from the northern coast
southward into the interior of the island, and several small lakes
are present in the south.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and includes all of Peterson Island and
the central inlet.
The nearest permanent station is Casey (AUS), ~19 km to the
north on Bailey Peninsula.
Birds
Woehler et al. (1991) counted 20 453 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin on Peterson Island in 1989/90, and noted the
colony had been increasing since counts were first made in 1961. More recently, ~30 448 breeding pairs (95% CI
18 516, 50 020) of Adélie Penguin were present on Peterson Island as estimated from January 2011 satellite imagery
(Lynch & LaRue 2014). While this more recent count suggests an increase by ~50% over 21 years, it is not clear
whether this apparent change relates to inter-seasonal fluctuations, methodological differences, or represents a real
increase in the local Adélie Penguin population.
Olivier, Lee & Woehler (2004) estimated 2815 breeding pairs of Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) on Peterson Island in
2002/03, and this represents one of the largest colonies yet identified. Around 10 breeding pairs of Cape Petrels
(Daption capense) were estimated present on the island in 1996 (Hodum et al. 2004). Southern Fulmars (Fulmarus
glacialoides), South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) and Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) also
breed on the island (Murray & Luders 1990; Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012) although numbers are not known.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) haul out and also breed on Peterson Island (Murray & Luders 1990),
mainly on the northern and northwestern coasts. The colony is the most southerly known breeding site for Southern
Elephant Seals (McMahon & Campbell 2000).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Windmill Islands Map 3 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 14112.
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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McMahon, C.R. & Campbell, D. 2000. Southern elephant seals breeding at Peterson Island, Antarctica. Polar Record
36(196): 51.
Murray, M.D. & Luders, D.J. 1990. Faunistic studies at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica, 1959-80.
ANARE Research Notes 73 (IV): 1-45.
Olivier, F., Lee, A.V. & Woehler, E.J. 2004. Distribution and abundance of Snow Petrels Pagodroma nivea in the
Windmill Islands, East Antarctica. Polar Biology 27: 257-65. doi:10.1007/s00300-004-0595-3
Woehler, E.J., Slip, D.J., Robertson, L.M., Fullagar, P.J. & Burton, H.R. 1991. The distribution, abundance and status of
Adélie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology
19(1): 1-18.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT144: Holl Island / O’Connor Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
110°25'39" E, 66°24'54" S
Area
1052 ha
Altitude
0 – 90 m
Protection
None
Site description
Holl Island and O’Connor Island are situated in the southwest
Windmill Islands, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land. Holl Island is roughly
triangular in shape and up to 3 km long. O’Connor Island is ~1.7
km long and up to 0.7 km wide and lies ~600 m to the east,
separated by a narrow channel and Werlein Island. Both islands
are of rocky and hilly topography and are ice free in summer.
Holl Island rises to ~90 m, with steep cliffs along the
northwestern coast, while O’Connor Island has a maximum
elevation of ~80 m. Several small lakes are present on Holl
Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and comprises Holl Island, O’Connor
Island and the intervening islands and marine area.
The nearest permanent station is Casey (AUS), ~14 km to the north on Bailey Peninsula.
Birds
Woehler et al. (1991) counted 11 875 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin on Holl Island and 4748 pairs on O’Connor
Island in 1989/90, and noted the colony has been increasing since counts were first made in 1961. This compares with
~30 514 breeding pairs (95% CI 18 443, 49 850) of Adélie Penguin on both Holl Island and O’Connor Island as
estimated from January 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). While this more recent count suggests almost a
doubling of numbers over 21 years, it is not clear whether this apparent change relates to inter-seasonal fluctuations,
methodological differences, or represents a real increase in the local Adélie Penguin population.
Approximately 1084 and 327 breeding pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) were estimated on Holl Island and
O’Connor Island respectively in 2002/03 (Olivier, Lee & Woehler 2004). Although numbers are unknown, Cape Petrels
(Daption capense) (Murray & Luders 1990) and South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) also breed on both
islands, with breeding Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) confirmed only on Holl Island (Woehler et al.
1991; Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012). Creuwels et al. (2007) estimated 400 breeding pairs of Southern Fulmar
(Fulmarus glacialoides) present on Holl Island in 1977/78.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii), Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx) and Southern Elephant (Mirounga leonina) seals have
been reported in the area (Murray & Luders 1990; Woehler et al. 1991).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Windmill Islands Map 3 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 14112.
Creuwels, J.C.S., Poncet, S., Hodum, P.J. & Franeker, J.A. 2007. Distribution and abundance of the Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides. Polar Biology 30(9): 1083-97. doi:10.1007/s00300-007-0276-0
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Murray, M.D. & Luders, D.J. 1990. Faunistic studies at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica, 1959-80.
ANARE Research Notes 73 (IV): 1-45.
Olivier, F., Lee, A.V. & Woehler, E.J. 2004. Distribution and abundance of Snow Petrels Pagodroma nivea in the
Windmill Islands, East Antarctica. Polar Biology 27: 257-65. doi:10.1007/s00300-004-0595-3
Woehler, E.J., Slip, D.J., Robertson, L.M., Fullagar, P.J. & Burton, H.R. 1991. The distribution, abundance and status o f
Adélie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology
19(1): 1-18.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT145: Ardery Island / Odbert Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
110°32'32" E, 66°22'24" S
Area
244 ha
Altitude
0 – 113 m
Protection
ASPA No. 103
Site description
Ardery Island and Odbert Island are situated in the southern
part of the Windmill Island group, Vincennes Bay, Budd Coast,
Wilkes Land. The islands are located between Sparkes Bay and
Hiegel Passage. Odbert Island, the larger of the two, has a steep
rocky coast rising to ~100 m and is ~2.5 km long by ~0.8 km
wide. Ardery Island is ~1 km long by ~0.5 km wide and rises to
~113 m. Both islands are of granitic composition, are rocky with
very little soil material, and are mainly ice-free in the summer.
The climate is like to be similar to nearby Casey Station, where
the mean annual temperature is around –9.3°C, with mean
temperatures for the warmest and coldest months of the year
being 0.3°C and -14.9°C respectively, and maxima and minima
ranging from 9.2°C to -41°C.
Ardery Island and Odbert Island were specially protected in 1966 primarily for values related to resident breeding
fulmarine petrel species, including Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica), Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides),
Cape Petrel (Daption capense) and Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea). Ardery Island is the only place where the two
subspecies of Snow Petrels (P. n. nivea and P.n. confusa) have been observed together (ASPA No. 103 Management
Plan 2010).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the number of seabirds present and coincides with the boundary of ASPA No. 103.
The nearest permanent station is Casey (AUS), ~10 km to the north on Bailey Peninsula.
Birds
Tables 145.1 and 145.2 summarise data on the numbers of pairs for species breeding on Ardery and Odbert islands.
An Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) breeding colony is located on the southeastern coast of Odbert Island, and
although this species is regularly observed on Ardery Island, they do not breed at this site.
Table 145.1: Bird species breeding at Odbert Island.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Year
Source
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
10 689
1989
Woehler et al. 1991
9247 (95% CI
5454, 15 378)
2011
Lynch & LaRue 2014
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
2000
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
34
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
100-200
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
100-1000
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
824
2003
ASPA 103 Management Plan 2010
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
<1000
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
10-20
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
Southern Fulmars nest along the northern and southwestern cliffs and at the eastern extremity of Ardery Island, and
nest along the northern and southeastern coastal cliffs of Odbert Island. Antarctic Petrels breed on the northern coast
of Ardery Island and in a small group of ~30 pairs near the central northern cliffs of Odbert Island. Cape Petrels breed
on the northern and northeastern coasts of Ardery Island and on the northern and southeastern coasts of Odbert
Island. Snow Petrels breed mostly on the higher slopes throughout both islands. Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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oceanicus) also breed across both islands, and are present in rocky areas with niches suitable for nest-building. South
Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) breed close to petrel colonies on Ardery Island, whereas on Odbert Island they
breed close to the Adélie Penguin colony (ASPA No. 103 Management Plan 2010).
The Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) has been recorded at the islands, although does not breed (ASPA
No. 103 Management Plan 2010). More detailed descriptions of the environment and breeding sites on Ardery and
Odbert islands may be found in the management plan for ASPA No.103.
Table 145.2: Bird species breeding at Ardery Island.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Year
Source
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
3000
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
3860
1995
Barbraud & Baker 1998
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
275
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
247
1995/96
Barbraud & Baker 1998
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
>600
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
500-550
Barbraud & Baker 1998
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
~1000
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
752
2003
ASPA 103 Management Plan 2010
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
~1000
1984/85
van Franeker et al. 1990
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
10
1986/87
van Franeker et al. 1990
16
1995/96
Barbraud & Baker 1998
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are reported on the sea ice that forms around Ardery Island and Odbert
Island (ASPA No. 103 Management Plan 2010).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ASPA No. 103 Ardery Island and Odbert Island, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land: Management Plan (2010).
Baker, S.C. & Barbraud, C. 2001. Foods of the South Polar Skua Catharacta maccormicki at Ardery Island, Windmill
Islands, Antarctica. Polar Biology 24(1): 59-61. doi:10.1007/s003000000163
Barbraud, C. & Baker, S.C. 1998. Short Communication: Fulmarine petrels and South Polar Skua Catharacta
maccormicki populations on Ardery Island, Windmill Islands, Antarctica. Emu 98: 234-36.
Creuwels, J.C., Poncet, S., Hodum, P.J. & van Franeker, J.A. 2007. Distribution and abundance of the Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides. Polar Biology 30(9): 1083-97. doi:10.1007/s00300-007-0276-0
Hodum, P., Croxall, J.P., Poncet, S. & Woehler, E. 2004. Breeding distribution of the Cape Petrel Daption capense.
Unpublished draft manuscript.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Murray, M.D. & Luders, D.J. 1990. Faunistic studies at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica, 1959-80.
ANARE Research Notes 73 (IV): 1-45.
Olivier, F., Lee, A.V. & Woehler, E.J. 2004. Distribution and abundance of Snow Petrels Pagodroma nivea in the
Windmill Islands, East Antarctica. Polar Biology 27: 257-65. doi:10.1007/s00300-004-0595-3
van Franeker, J.A., Bell, P.J. & Montague, T.L. 1990. Birds of Ardery and Odbert Islands, Windmill Islands, Antarctica.
Emu 90: 74-80.
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22(1): 14-28.
Woehler, E.J., Slip, D.J., Robertson, L.M., Fullagar, P.J. & Burton, H.R. 1991. The distribution, abundance and status of
Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology 19:
1-18.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT146: Shirley Island / Beall Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
110°28'50" E, 66°17'46" S
Area
414 ha
Altitude
0 – 50 m
Protection
None
Site description
Shirley Island and Beall Island are part of the Windmill Islands
group, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land. Shirley Island lies ~200 m west
and Beall Island ~ 600 m southwest of Bailey Peninsula. Shirley
Island is ~1.5 km long and ~0.5 km wide with a maximum
elevation of 37 m, while Beall Island is ~2 km long and up to 1.5
km wide with a maximum elevation of 48 m. Both islands are
mostly ice free with rocky, undulating terrain. Several small
lakes are present on Beall Island, the largest of which lies at the
north of the island and is saline (Hodgson et al. 2006).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises Shirley Island, Beall
Island and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent station is Casey (AUS), ~1 km to the east
on Bailey Peninsula.
Birds
Woehler et al. (1991) counted 7637 and 5225 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin on Shirley Island and Beall Island
respectively in 1989/90 (12 862 in total). Murray & Luders (1990) reported an average of around 7500 pairs breeding
on Shirley Island in the 1970s. This compares with approximately 13 658 breeding pairs (95% CI 8163, 22 603) of
Adélie Penguin present on Shirley Island and Beall Island as estimated from January 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch &
LaRue 2014). On Shirley Island breeding is concentrated in the southwest, with smaller groups occupying the
northeast, while on Beall Island breeding is mainly on elevated ground in the south.
Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) are widely distributed on Beall Island (Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012), with
~452 breeding pairs counted in 2002/03 (Olivier, Lee & Woehler 2004). Snow Petrels also breed on the northeastern
coast of Shirley Island, with ~61 breeding pairs counted in 2002/03 (Olivier, Lee & Woehler 2004). Wilson’s Storm-
petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) are confirmed breeding on Beall Island
(Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2012), although numbers are not known.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii), Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx) and Southern Elephant (Mirounga leonina) seals have
been reported in the area (Woehler et al. 1991).
Conservation issues
Shirley Island and Beall Island lie in close proximity to Casey Station, and as such station operations have the potential
to affect birdlife on these islands. In particular, both fixed wing and helicopter aircraft regularly operate out of Casey
Station during the summer breeding season, and local flight paths pass within several km of the islands. Aircraft access
is tightly regulated taking into account the number and location of breeding birds, although potentially adverse
conditions may force aircraft to pass near or over breeding colonies on these islands.
Shirley Island lies within the limits of recreational access for station personnel (Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2014).
Travel to Shirley Island for recreational and other purposes is allowed by permission of the station leader and in
accordance with Australian Antarctic Division (AAD) operational procedures, and visitors are required to follow AAD
wildlife viewing guidelines. Beall Island lies outside of Casey recreational limits, and visits to this island are likely

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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therefore to be more limited and related to scientific or management purposes only with the permission of the station
leader.
Further reading
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2012. Windmill Islands Map 2 of 5, Scale 1: 50 000. Edition 6. Catalogue ID 14111.
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2014. Casey: recreational limits, Scale 1: 15 500. Edition 5. Catalogue ID 14295.
Bricher, P.K., Lucieer, A. & Woehler, E.J. 2008. Population trends of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) breeding
colonies: a spatial analysis of the effects of snow accumulation and human activities. Polar Biology 31(11):
1397-407. doi:10.1007/s00300-008-0479-z
Hodgson, D. A., Roberts, D., McMinn, A., Verleyen, E., Terry, B., Corbett, C.& Vyverman, W. 2006. Recent rapid salinity
rise in three East Antarctic lakes. Journal of Paleolimnology 36(4): 385-406. doi:10.1007/s10933-006-9010-0
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Murray, M.D. & Luders, D.J. 1990. Faunistic studies at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica, 1959-80.
ANARE Research Notes 73 (IV): 1-45.
Olivier, F., Lee, A.V. & Woehler, E.J. 2004. Distribution and abundance of Snow Petrels Pagodroma nivea in the
Windmill Islands, East Antarctica. Polar Biology 27: 257-65. doi:10.1007/s00300-004-0595-3
Woehler, E.J., Slip, D.J., Robertson, L.M., Fullagar, P.J. & Burton, H.R. 1991. The distribution, abundance and status of
Adélie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology
19(1): 1-18.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT147: Clark Peninsula
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
110°35'48" E, 66°15'03" S
Area
938 ha
Altitude
0 – 130 m
Protection
ASPA No. 136
Site description
Clark Peninsula is a relatively large ice free area situated on the
northern side of Newcomb Bay, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land. Clark
Peninsula was protected in 1985 because it hosts one of the
largest communities of terrestrial flora in Antarctica outside of
the Antarctic Peninsula (ASPA No. 136 Management Plan 2014).
Clark Peninsula is also an important breeding area for Adélie
Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) and South Polar Skuas (Catharacta
maccormicki).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin colony
present and comprises the same area as ASPA No. 136.
The nearest permanent station is Casey (AUS), ~5 km to the
west on Bailey Peninsula.
Birds
Approximately 11 000 and 4000 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were counted at Whitney Point and Blakeney Point
respectively in 2012/13 (ASPA No.136 Management Plan). This compares to 3803 and 5604 breeding pairs,
respectively, counted in 1973 (Woehler et al. 1989), suggesting a substantial increase at Whitney Point (~190%) and a
decrease at Blakeney Point (~28%) over a period of almost 40 years.
Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), South Polar Skua and Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) breed on Clark
Peninsula (ASPA No.136 Management Plan), with 259 pairs of Snow Petrels confirmed breeding in 2002/03 (Olivier et
al. 2004).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ASPA No. 136 Clark Peninsula, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica: Management Plan (2014).
Bricher, P.K., Lucieer, A. & Woehler, E.J. 2008. Population trends of Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) breeding
colonies: a spatial analysis of the effects of snow accumulation and human activities. Polar Biology 31(11):
1397-407. doi:10.1007/s00300-008-0479-z
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Olivier, F., Lee, A.V. & Woehler, E.J. 2004. Distribution and abundance of Snow Petrels Pagodroma nivea in the
Windmill Islands, East Antarctica. Polar Biology 27: 257-265. doi:10.1007/s00300-004-0595-3
Woehler, E.J., Tierney, T.J. & Burton, H.R. 1989. The distribution and abundance of Adélie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae
at the Vestfold Hills in 1973. ANARE Research Notes 70.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT148: Berkley Island / Cameron Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
110°37'34" E, 66°12'59" S
Area
97 ha
Altitude
0 – 20 m
Protection
None
Site description
Berkley Island and Cameron Island are part of the Swain Islands,
which lie in the northeast of the Windmill Islands, Budd Coast,
Wilkes Land. They are situated ~2 km north of Clark Peninsula.
Both islands are ~0.6 km long and ~0.3 km wide and are ice free
in summer.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and consists of Berkley Island, Cameron
Island and the intervening marine area and smaller islets.
The nearest permanent station is Casey (AUS), ~9 km to the
west on Bailey Peninsula.
Birds
A ground survey in December 1989 counted 5141 breeding pairs
of Adélie Penguin on Berkley Island and 1347 pairs on Cameron Island (Woehler et al. 1991). Berkley Island showed
the largest Adélie Penguin breeding population increase of all the Windmill Islands between 1961/62 and 1989/90
(Woehler et al. 1991), while Cameron Island also saw an increase over this period. The largest increase of 149%
occurred between 1980 and 1990.
Approximately 13 423 breeding pairs (95% CI 8028, 22 057) of Adélie Penguin were present at Berkley Island and
Cameron Island as estimated from January 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014), which would suggest
continued increases in the local population.
No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been observed breeding on fast ice northeast of the Swain Islands
(Murray & Luders 1990), and Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) are regularly seen in the area.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Murray, M.D. & Luders, D.J. 1990. Faunistic studies at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica, 1959-80.
ANARE Research Notes 73 (IV): 1-45.
Woehler, E.J., Slip, D.J., Robertson, L.M., Fullagar, P.J. & Burton, H.R. 1991. The distribution, abundance and status of
Adélie Penguins Pygoscelis adeliae at the Windmill Islands, Wilkes Land, Antarctica. Marine Ornithology 19
(1): 1-18.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Terre Adélie
ANT149: Dibble Glacier
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
134°47'24" E, 66°00'36" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Dibble Glacier flows from the continental ice sheet into Davis
Bay on the Wilkes Coast, Terre Adélie.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present on fast ice ~5 km from the
northeastern margin of the Dibble Glacier, and the site is
entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby, and the closest
permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~250 km to the
east at Pointe Géologie.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired on 12 October 2009
(Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 12 476
Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. This colony was recorded for the first time by Fretwell et al. (2012). No
other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT150: Pointe Géologie
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
140°00'37" E, 66°40'16" S
Area
37 ha
Altitude
0 – 50 m
Protection
ASPA No.120
Site description
The Géologie Archipelago lies within several km of the
northwestern extremity of Astrolabe Glacier, Terre Adélie. Part
of the archipelago was designated with special protection in
1995 (ASPA No.120 Pointe Géologie), including Rostand Island,
Le Mauguen (formerly Carrel) Island, Lamarck Island, Bernard
Island, Bon Docteur Nunatak and the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) breeding area that exists on sea ice in the
vicinity. ASPA No.120 was designated as a representative
example of the terrestrial Antarctic ecosystem, recognising the
high biological, geological and aesthetic values of the site, and a
key aspect of these values is the presence of substantial
numbers of breeding birds.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin and
Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) colonies present at the site. The boundary of ASPA No.120 defines the extent of
the IBA.
The nearest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), located on Petrel Island ~0.5 km to the northwest and
adjacent to the ASPA and IBA.
Birds
The Géologie Archipelago contains one of the most diverse bird communities found anywhere on the Antarctic
continent, with eight breeding species present (Micol & Jouventin 2001). Approximately 3588 pairs of Emperor
Penguin, 54 431 pairs of Adélie Penguin were estimated as breeding at Pointe Géologie in 2013 (Barbraud et al. 2011;
Barbraud, Delord, Weimerskirch, unpublished data: C. Barbraud pers. comm. 2014). While more than 60 pairs of
South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) breed on the islands of the Géologie Archipelago, only 36 pairs were
breeding on the islands within the boundary of the IBA in 2012/13 (R. Phillips pers. comm. 2015).
Other breeding birds recorded throughout the ASPA / IBA in 2010/11 are as follows: Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea)
369 pairs, Cape Petrel (Daption capense) 322 pairs, and Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) 371 pairs (CEBC-
CNRS unpublished data & Micol & Jouventin (2001), cited in ASPA No. 120 Management Plan 2011). Specific data on
numbers of breeding pairs present by species on particular islands are given in the ASPA No.120 Management Plan
(2011). ACAP (2010b) reported 8-9 pairs of Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) at Pointe Géologie in 2005.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are reported to breed in the Géologie Archipelago area (ASPA No. 120
Management Plan 2011).
Conservation issues
Table 3 of the ASPA No 120 Management Plan (2011) summarises population trends for breeding bird species at the
Géologie Archipelago. Emperor Penguin and Southern Giant Petrel numbers decreased substantially during the
construction phase of Dumont d’Urville station on Petrel Island in the early 1950s, and led to the permanent cessation
of breeding by Southern Giant Petrels on Petrel Island. Overall, the trend for these species from 1952-84 was decline,
although numbers for both species over the next 15 years (1984-2000) remained relatively stable at their lower levels.
Over the period 1984-2011 numbers of Adélie Penguins, South Polar Skuas, Cape Petrels and Snow Petrels were either

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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increasing or remained stable. Overall, Emperor Penguin and Southern Giant Petrel numbers today remain lower than
their 1952 levels, Adélie Penguins and South Polar Skuas have increased, while Cape Petrels and Snow Petrels have
remained stable.
The decline in Emperor Penguin numbers over the 1970s has been at least in part attributed to weather anomalies
causing reductions in the extent of sea ice, on which the birds depend for breeding. Recently, sea ice extent has been
increasing and Emperor Penguin numbers have also increased, although it is likely that other contributory factors are
involved.
Dumont d’Urville Station accommodates a maximum of ~100 people in summer and ~30 people in winter. However,
since 1995 access to the Emperor Penguin and principal breeding areas of other seabird species has been controlled
by the ASPA management plan, so direct human disturbance to birds over this period has been limited mostly to those
carrying out research and is considered low.
From 1987-94 an 1100 m airstrip was constructed at Dumont d’Urville Station, which involved major works to build a
rock causeway linking several islands. The airstrip was controversial for its construction effects and its potential impact
on local fauna, although it was severely damaged by high seas in 1994 and never became operational. As a result,
conservation concerns related to the operation of the airstrip did not become manifest.
A number of tourists visit Dumont d’Urville Station by ship. Over the period 2003-14 visits were made in five seasons
with an average of 313 visitors per visit. Most of those visiting landed at Dumont d’Urville (IAATO Tourism Statistics,
accessed: 18/12/2014), although access to the principal bird breeding areas is prohibited.
Further reading
ACAP (Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels) 2010b. ACAP Species assessment: Southern Giant
Petrel Macronectes giganteus. Downloaded from http://www.acap.aq on 12/03/ 2015.
ASPA No. 120 Pointe-Géologie Archipelago, Terre Adélie: Management Plan (2011).
Barbraud, C. & Weimerskirch, H. 2001. Emperor penguins and climate change. Nature 411: 183-85.
Barbraud, C., Gavrilo, M., Mizin, Y. & Weimerskirch, H. 2011. Comparison of Emperor Penguin declines between
Pointe Géologie and Haswell Island over the past 50 years. Antarctic Science 23(5): 461-68.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 2001. Long-term population trends in seven Antarctic seabirds at Pointe Géologie (Terre
Adélie): Human impact compared with environmental change. Polar Biology 24: 175-85.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT151: Cape Bienvenue
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
140°31'29" E, 66°43'16" S
Area
15 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Bienvenue is a rocky peninsula approximately 0.5 km in
length and across and forms the eastern coast of Piner Bay in
Terre Adélie. The cape is ~18 km east of Cape Jules and a similar
distance west of the Astrolabe Glacier Tongue.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises all of the ice free area at
Cape Bienvenue.
The nearest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~25
km to the west at Pointe Géologie.
Birds
Barbraud et al. (1999) made a ground count of 15 023 breeding
pairs of Adélie Penguin in 1997/98. This compares with
approximately 35 466 breeding pairs (95% CI: 21 500, 57 951) of Adélie Penguin at Cape Bienvenue as estimated from
February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). It is not clear whether this more recent count demonstrates
change as a result of inter-seasonal fluctuations, methodological differences, or represents a real increase in the local
Adélie Penguin population.
The Barbraud et al. (1999) survey also reported 20 pairs of Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea), two pairs of South Polar
Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) and confirmed Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) as breeding at Cape
Bienvenue.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Barbraud, C., Delord, K.C., Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 1999. First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue
(Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: new records for Antarctic seabird
populations. Polar Biology 21: 146-50.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 224
ANT152: Cape Jules
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
140°54'38" E, 66°44'51" S
Area
112 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Jules is a rocky peninsula of ~1 km in length and across,
indented by a prominent cove on its northern coast. It is
situated ~8 km west of the Zélée Glacier Tongue and ~18 km
east of Cape Bienvenue in Terre Adélie.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises all of the ice free area at
Cape Jules.
The nearest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~40
km to the west at Pointe Géologie.
Birds
Barbraud et al. (1999) counted 41 559 breeding pairs of Adélie
Penguin at Cape Jules in 1997/98. This compares to
approximately 56 399 breeding pairs (95% CI: 34 446, 92 123) of Adélie Penguin at Cape Jules as estimated from
February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014).
The Barbraud et al. (1999) survey also recorded 93 pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), two pairs of Cape Petrel
(Daption capense), 46 pairs of South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) and confirmed Wilson’s Storm-petrels
(Oceanites oceanicus) as breeding.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Barbraud, C., Delord, K.C., Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 1999. First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue
(Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: new records for Antarctic seabird
populations. Polar Biology 21: 146-50.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 225
ANT153: Île des Manchots / Empereur Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
141°24'28" E, 66°48'38" S
Area
283 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
ASPA No. 166 relates to historic values
Site description
Île des Manchots and Empereur Island lie within two km of Cape
Margerie, Terre Adélie. Port-Martin is an anchorage adjacent to
Cape Margerie, from which the station established on the cape
by the French Antarctic Expedition of 1949-50 takes its name.
Port-Martin station was destroyed by fire in January 1952, was
designated Historic Site & Monument No. 46 in 1985, and has
since been designated as ASPA No. 166. The purpose of the
protected area is conservation of the site’s historic values,
rather than the large colonies of birdlife present in the adjacent
area.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and includes Mont du Sabbat and Mont
du Sphinx on the eastern coast of Cape Margerie, Île des
Manchots, Empereur Island and Pointe de Cézembre and the intervening marine area.
The closest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~65 km to the west at Pointe Géologie.
Birds
Barbraud et al. (1999) counted 20 171 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin at Cape Margerie and Île des Manchots in
1997/98, although at this time none were breeding on Empereur Island (C. Barbraud pers. comm. 2015). More
recently, approximately 35 000 breeding pairs (95% CI: 23 475, 62 350) of Adélie Penguin were present within the IBA
area, as estimated from February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). The majority (~24 000 pairs) occupy Île
des Manchots, with ~7100 pairs estimated on Empereur Island, ~3500 pairs on Cape Margerie, and ~250 pairs at
Pointe de Cézembre (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue, pers. comm. 2014).
The Barbraud et al. (1999) survey also recorded six pairs of South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) and confirmed
the presence of breeding Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Three tourist visits to the Cape Margerie area have been reported in the ten years from 2004-14: all 48 people landed
on a visit by Spirit of Enderby in 2008/09, and in the same year visits were made by Bremen (116 passengers) and
Orion (192 passengers) although landings were not made (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014).
Further reading
Barbraud, C., Delord, K.C., Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 1999. First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue
(Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: new records for Antarctic seabird
populations. Polar Biology 21: 146-50
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 226
ANT154: Curzon Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
141°34'47" E, 66°46'01" S
Area
359 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Curzon Islands are a group of mainly ice free islands ~300 m
north of Cape Découverte, Terre Adélie. Retour Island is the
largest in the group at ~1 km long and ~0.5 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and comprises all of the island group
and the intervening marine area.
The closest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~70
km to the west at Pointe Géologie.
Birds
The penguins breed mainly on Retour Island, although nests are
also present on surrounding smaller islands. Barbraud et al.
(1999) counted 12 641 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin in
1997/98. This compares with approximately 14 694 breeding pairs (95% CI: 8813, 24 081) of Adélie Penguin present at
Curzon Islands as estimated from February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014).
Barbraud et al. (1999) also recorded eight pairs of South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) and confirmed that
Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) breed on the island group.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Only two tourist visits to the Cape Découverte area have been reported in the ten years from 2004-14: 50 people
visited in 2008/09 (none landed) and 72 people visited in 2005/06 (all landed) (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed:
18/12/2014).
Further reading
Barbraud, C., Delord, K.C., Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 1999. First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue
(Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: new records for Antarctic seabird
populations. Polar Biology 21: 146-50
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 227
George V Land
ANT155: Cape Hunter
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
142°20'35" E, 66°57'47" S
Area
11 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Hunter is a rocky promontory of approximately 1 km in
length and ~250 m wide on the western shore of
Commonwealth Bay, George V Land, located ~13 km northwest
of Cape Denison.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and
Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica)) and comprises the
rocky promontory, the smaller offshore islands and the
intervening marine area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~110 km to the west in Terre
Adélie.
Birds
Barbraud et al. (1999) counted 15 997 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin in 1997/98. During the same visit 3807 pairs of
Antarctic Petrel, 53 pairs of Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) and six pairs of South Polar Skuas (Catharacta
maccormicki) were counted. Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) were also confirmed to breed at the site
(Barbraud et al. 1999). Large numbers of Antarctic Petrels were evident in photographs taken by Frank Hurley at Cape
Hunter on the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911-14 (Hurley 1911-14).
More recently, approximately 7709 breeding pairs (95% CI 4552, 12 841) of Adélie Penguin were present at Cape
Hunter as estimated from March 2010 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). It is not clear whether this more recent
count demonstrates change as a result of inter-seasonal fluctuations, methodological differences, or represents a real
reduction in the local Adélie Penguin population. Potentially, imagery from later in the season may have yielded a
lower estimate of numbers than otherwise might have been expected.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Barbraud, C., Delord, K.C., Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 1999. First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue
(Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: new records for Antarctic seabird
populations. Polar Biology 21: 146-50.
Hurley, F. 1911-14. Unpublished photographs of Cape Hunter. From Photographs of the Australasian Antarctic
Expedition 1911-14. Collections of the State Library of New South Wales, Australia. URL
http://www.acmssearch.sl.nsw.gov.au/s/search.html?collection=slnsw
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 228
ANT156: MacKellar Islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
142°38'45" E, 66°58'31" S
Area
346 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
MacKellar Islands is a group of around 30 islands situated ~2 km
north of Cape Denison, Commonwealth Bay, George V Land.
Greater MacKellar Island is the largest of the group at ~1.2 km
by ~0.5 km, while the adjacent Lesser MacKellar Island is
roughly circular and ~0.5 km across. The larger islands in the
group are mainly ice free, whereas the smaller islands have
more ice cover.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and consists of the entire island group
and intervening marine area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
station is Dumont d’Urville, ~120 km to the west in Terre Adélie.
Birds
The majority of the Adélie Penguins breed on Greater MacKellar and on Lesser MacKellar islands, and a substantial
number nest on the larger of the northern islands in the group, with smaller numbers occupying ice free ground on
the remaining islands. Ensor & Bassett (1987) counted 13 160 Adélie Penguin chicks on Greater MacKellar Island and
13 970 chicks on Lesser MacKellar Island in January 1982, and these counts have been used as estimates of the
minimum number of breeding pairs in subsequent compilations (e.g. Woehler 1993). Recently Southwell et al. (2015),
after re-constructing the historical population estimates using the original counts and data on chick survival from
remote cameras in east Antarctica, derived an estimate of 46 628 breeding pairs, although high uncertainty surrounds
the estimate (95% CI 21 500 – 244 000). More recently, approximately 80 360 breeding pairs (95% CI 49 253, 131 836)
of Adélie Penguin were present at MacKellar Islands as estimated from February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch &
LaRue 2014). Ensor & Bassett (1987) also noted four breeding pairs of Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea), 11 breeding
pairs of Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) and six breeding pairs of South Polar Skuas (Catharacta
maccormicki) on these islands in 1982, and suggested that more flying birds could have been present.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ensor, P.H. & Bassett, J.A. 1987.The breeding status of Adélie Penguins on the coast of George V Land, Antarctica.
ANARE Research Notes 50.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Southwell, C., Emmerson, L., Newbery, K., McKinlay, J., Kerry, K., Woehler, E. & Ensor. P. 2015. Re-constructing
historical Adélie Penguin abundance estimates by retrospectively accounting for detection bias. PLoS ONE
10(4): e0123540. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0123540
Woehler, E.J. (ed.) 1993. The distribution and abundance of Antarctic and Subantarctic penguins. SCAR, Cambridge.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 229
ANT157: Cape Denison
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
142°40'05" E, 67°00'35" S
Area
102 ha
Altitude
0 – 60 m
Protection
ASPA No. 162
Site description
Cape Denison is a rocky point at the western entrance to
Commonwealth Bay, George V Land. The Cape extends ~1.5 km
in width and ~1 km inland, rising to meet the permanent
continental icecap at a height of around 40 m. Several valleys,
oriented northwest/southeast, contain a number of small glacial
lakes, and melt streams can form in summer. Cape Denison
served as a base for the Australasian Antarctic Expedition of
1911-14, and a number of historic relics from this era remain.
Cape Denison was designated as ASMA No.3 in 2004, although
in 2014 this was replaced by an enlargement of ASPA No.162
Mawson’s Huts, Cape Denison, to include all of the original
ASMA within the boundary of the protected area. The main
reason for protection is the site’s historic values, although
environmental features such as the lakes, flora, mammals and
the breeding birds are also listed as of importance (ASPA No.162 Management Plan 2014).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae)) and coincides with the boundary of ASPA No.162.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville, ~120 km to the west in
Terre Adélie.
Birds
The management plan for ASPA No. 162 (2014) gives 18 800 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin present at Cape
Denison, although the year and source of data are not given. The satellite image analysis by Lynch & LaRue (2014)
gave an estimate of ~13 834 breeding pairs (95% CI 8377, 22 671) (February 2011). The penguins nest mainly on the
eastern and western coasts of Cape Denison, although are also found in smaller numbers along the northern coast.
Map C of the 2014 management plan shows Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) and Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites
oceanicus) breeding on elevated ridges across the cape. A solitary pair of Cape Petrels (Daption capense) was reported
breeding in 1982 (Woehler & Johnstone 1991), which appears to be shown at the eastern extremity of the cape on a
map of Cape Denison (Australian Antarctic Data Centre 2010). At least several pairs of Antarctic Prions (Pachyptila
desolata) were observed nesting at Cape Denison in 1913 by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition. A pair and a single
bird were shot for museum collections, although Antarctic Prions have not been observed at Cape Denison since; this
is the only record of Antarctic Prions breeding on the continent apart from the Antarctic Peninsula (Ensor & Bassett
1987). The number of birds breeding at Cape Denison are summarised in Table 157.1. Other non-breeding bird species
recorded at Cape Denison include Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus) and Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes
forsteri) (ASPA No. 162 Management Plan 2014).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 230
Table 157.1: Bird species breeding at Cape Denison.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
Date
Source
Adélie Penguin
Pygoscelis adeliae
18 800
?
ASPA 162 Management Plan 2014
13 834
Feb 2011
Lynch & LaRue 2014
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
8
?
ASPA 162 Management Plan 2014
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
38
?
ASPA 162 Management Plan 2014
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
30
?
ASPA 162 Management Plan 2014
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
1
1982
Woehler & Johnstone 1991
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
285
1982
Woehler & Johnstone 1991
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii), Southern Elephant (Mirounga leonina) and Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx) seals are
reported to haul out at Cape Denison. Southern Elephant Seals also remain in the area to moult (ASPA No. 162
Management Plan 2014).
Conservation issues
Cape Denison is isolated and difficult of access, although there has been steady interest by tourists over recent years,
with visits made in seven out of the 10 seasons from 2004-14. For the years in which visits were made, an average of
197 people per year landed at Commonwealth Bay (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014). ATS Visitor Site
Guidelines have been adopted for the area, which have been updated for consistency with the management plan
adopted for ASPA No.162 in 2014, which allows for tourism at the site. Visits are also made to Cape Denison for
historical conservation work, scientific research and for management, although because such visits are infrequent and
small-scale, these activities are unlikely to pose risks to breeding birds at the site.
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Mawson’s Huts and Cape Denison.
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/2014/Mawson's Huts and Cape Denison_e.pdf. Accessed
06/04/2015.
Australian Antarctic Data Centre. 2010. Cape Denison, Scale 1: 5000. Edition 3. Catalogue ID 13575.
ASPA No. 162 Mawson’s Huts, Cape Denison, Commonwealth Bay, George V Land, East Antarctica: Management Plan
(2014).
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Woehler, E.J. & Johnstone, G.W. 1991. Status and conservation of the seabirds of the Australian Antarctic Territory. In
Croxall J.P. (ed.) Seabird status and conservation: a supplement. ICBP Technical Publication 11: 279-308.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 231
ANT158: Way Archipelago
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
143°52'06" E, 66°54'26" S
Area
3247 ha
Altitude
0 – 40 m
Protection
None
Site description
Way Archipelago forms an arc of around 120 islands fringing the
continental coast of George V Land, extending up to ~4 km
offshore and ~20 km from Cape Gray to a cluster of unnamed
islands ~4 km southeast of Garnet Point. Stillwell Island is the
largest island in the group, being ~0.5 km across, with a steep
coastline rising to ~40 m (Stillwell 1918). Most of the islands in
Way Archipelago remain relatively snow-free, even in winter, on
account of the strong katabatic winds that persist in the region.
Stillwell Island and Garnet Point have unusually large garnet
crystals within the metamorphic gneiss rocks that dominate the
local geology (Stillwell 1918). Six bird species have been
recorded breeding at the archipelago.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colonies that breeds on Stillwell Island, Garnet Point and a number of other islands throughout the
archipelago, and includes the intervening marine area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~170 km to the west
in Terre Adélie.
Birds
Approximately 51 900 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were present at Way Archipelago and a further 2165 at Garnet
Point as estimated from January 2011 satellite imagery (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014: CI
not available). Satellite image analysis by Lynch & LaRue (2014, and unpublished data) indicates the majority of
penguins are nesting on the largest three islands in the southeast of Way Archipelago, although breeding appears to
occur on most of the small islands in the group. Data are not available on the numbers breeding on individual islands.
Almost 4000 pairs of Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus glacialoides) breed in the region and small numbers of other flying
birds (Tables 158.1 and 158.2).
Table 158.1: Flying bird species breeding at Stillwell Island 1997/98
1
.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
5
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
2
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
10
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
2155
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
Confirmed breeding
2
1. Data source: Barbraud et al. 1999
2. Numbers not known.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 232
Table 158.2: Flying bird species breeding at unnamed islands east of Stillwell Island 1997/98
1
.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
5
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
49
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
168
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
1693
Antarctic Petrel
Thalassoica antarctica
402
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
Confirmed breeding
2
1. Data source: Barbraud et al. 1999
2. Numbers not known.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Barbraud, C., Delord, K.C., Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 1999. First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue
(Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: new records for Antarctic seabird
populations. Polar Biology 21: 146-50.
Ensor, P.H. & Bassett, J.A. 1987. The breeding status of Adélie Penguins on the coast of George V Land, Antarctica.
ANARE Research Notes 50.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1
Stillwell, F.L. 1918. The Cape Gray promontory and Stilwell Island. In Stillwell, F.L. The metamophic rocks of Adélie
Land, Section 1. Scientific reports of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 1911-14 under the leadership of
Douglas Mawson, Series A, Vol 3, Part 1: Chapter 10.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 233
ANT159: Cape Pigeon Rocks
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
143°52'58" E, 66°58'45" S
Area
127 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Pigeon Rocks are twin ice free promontories of ~1.6 km in
length situated on the western shoreline of Watt Bay, ~5 km
south of Garnet Point, George V Land. The site was named by Sir
Douglas Mawson in 1912 after the colony of Cape Petrels
(Daption capense) observed at the site, which persists today.
The geology appears to be of igneous origin, with widespread
gneiss and basic rocks evident in dykes (Laseron 1912). The IBA
qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds present
(in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and comprises
the ice free ground of Cape Pigeon Rocks, a small ice free island
to the east and the intervening marine area.
The closest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA), ~180
km to the west in Terre Adélie.
Birds
Approximately 10 335 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were present at Cape Pigeon Rocks as estimated from January
2011 satellite imagery (unpublished data H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014: CI not available). Small numbers of
flying birds also breed in the region (Table 159.1). Several of the photographs by Laseron (1912) show penguins, skuas,
Cape Petrels and Southern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialoides) present at the site at the time of Mawson’s visit.
Table 159.1: Flying bird species breeding at Cape Pigeon Rocks 1997/98
1
.
Common name
Scientific name
Breeding pairs
South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki
8
Cape Petrel
Daption capense
106
Snow Petrel
Pagodroma nivea
97
Southern Fulmar
Fulmarus glacialoides
501
Wilson’s Storm-petrel
Oceanites oceanicus
Confirmed breeding
2
1. Data source: Barbraud et al. 1999
2. Numbers not known.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Barbraud, C., Delord, K.C., Micol, T. & Jouventin, P. 1999. First census of breeding seabirds between Cap Bienvenue
(Terre Adélie) and Moyes Islands (King George V Land), Antarctica: new records for Antarctic seabird
populations. Polar Biology 21: 146-50.
Laseron, C.F. 1912. Unpublished photographs of Cape Pigeon Rocks. From Photographs of the Australasian Antarctic
Expedition 1911-14. Collections of the State Library of New South Wales, Australia. URL
http://acmssearch.sl.nsw.gov.au/s/search.html?collection=slnsw&meta_e=548 accessed 14/01/2015.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 234
ANT160: Mertz Glacier
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
145°30'43" E, 67°13'20" S
& 145°53'59" E, 67°18'42" S
Area
641 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Mertz Glacier and its associated glacier tongue are situated
between Cape Hurley and Cape de la Motte, George V Land.
Until recently, the Mertz Glacier Tongue extended ~100 km
northward into the Dumont d’Urville Sea. A ~75 km section of
the glacier tongue broke off in 2010, and the portion
remaining is currently ~25 km in length and ~40 km across
(Ancel et al. 2014). The IBA qualifies on the basis of the
Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present and is
entirely marine. The colony breeds on fast ice that forms near
the northeastern terminus of the Mertz Glacier Tongue.
The nearest permanent station is Dumont d’Urville (FRA),
~270 km to the west at Pointe Géologie.
Birds
Prior to the break of the northern section of the Mertz Glacier Tongue, approximately 4781 Emperor Penguins were
present on fast ice near the northern terminus in October 2009, as estimated from satellite imagery (Fretwell et al.
2012). After the glacier tongue broke off, the colony appears to have split into two sub-colonies and moved ~75 km
south to breed near the new northern terminus of the glacier tongue. In 2012 the sub-colonies were separated by ~20
km and a ground census estimated 5100 breeding pairs in the western colony and 2300 breeding pairs in the east
(Ancel et al. 2014).
According to the criteria used to define Antarctic IBAs, only the new western colony would be identified as an IBA and
the eastern would not qualify because numbers in 2012 were slightly below the threshold. However, both sub-
colonies have been included within the IBA because Fretwell et al. (2012) earlier identified only a single colony,
because the re-located sub-colonies breed relatively close to each other, and because their breeding locations vary
according to the highly dynamic local ice conditions. In these circumstances, it was considered appropriate to include
both breeding groups within a single IBA. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been observed on sea ice near leads in the vicinity (Ancel et al. 2014).
Conservation issues
IAATO reports three tourist visits to the Mertz Glacier area from 2003-14, with an average of 248 visitors per visit,
although a landing was made in only one season (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014). The level of
visitation is low and is not anticipated to cause conservations issues.
Further reading
Ancel, A., Cristofari, R., Fretwell, P.T., Trathan, P.N., Wienecke, B., Boureau, M., Morinay, J., Blanc, S., Le Maho, Y. & Le
Bohec, C. 2014. Emperors in hiding: when ice-breakers and satellites complement each other in Antarctic
exploration. PLoS ONE 9(6): 1-8. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0100404
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
1 IBA consisting of 2 parts
(eastern & western coony)
orturn into 2 IBAS?

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 235
Oates Land
ANT161: Kartografov Island / Mount Archer
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
157°40'27" E, 69°11'51" S
Area
204 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Kartografov Island (Cartographers Island) and Mount Archer are
situated about half-way between Williamson Head and the
Matusevich Glacier Tongue, which lie about 18 km apart on the
coast of Oates Land. Kartografov Island is around 500 m across,
and serves with Williamson Head in the east to enclose Harald
Bay. Mount Archer is around 3 km across and its height is not
known.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises the lower eastern extremity of Mount Archer and all
of Kartografov Island, including the intervening marine area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and Jang Bogo (KOR), ~650 km
to the southeast in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea.
Birds
Approximately 21 033 breeding pairs (95% CI 12 559, 34 257) of Adélie Penguin were present on the lower eastern
slopes of Mount Archer and on Kartografov Island as estimated from February 2012 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue
2014). These authors refer to this site as ‘Harald Bay’. The majority of penguins appear to breed at the eastern
extremity of Mount Archer, with smaller groups occupying Kartografov Island. No other birds are known to breed in
the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT162: Arthurson Ridge
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
158°30'17" E, 69°22'15" S
Area
154 ha
Altitude
0 – 400 m
Protection
None
Site description
Arthurson Ridge is an ice free outcrop that lies between Cook
Ridge and McLeod Glacier in Davis Bay, Oates Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises ice free ground along the coast of Davis Bay and
extending onto the lower eastern slope of Arthurson Ridge.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and Jang Bogo (KOR), ~620 km
to the southwest in Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea.
Birds
Approximately 14 461 breeding pairs (95% CI 8643, 23 880) of
Adélie Penguins were present on Arthurson Ridge as estimated
from March 2012 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony is
situated nearby in Davis Bay, although with only ~1745 breeding pairs (Fretwell et al. 2012) it does not qualify as an
IBA. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Balleny Islands
ANT163: Sturge Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
164°38'57" E, 67°27'03" S
Area
4655 ha
Altitude
0 – 520 m
Protection
None
Site description
Sturge Island is the largest and most southerly of the Balleny
Islands, situated in the Southern Ocean ~300 km north of the
Antarctic continent at Oates Land. Sturge Island is ~37 km long
by ~12 km wide, and rises to an elevation of ~520 m. The
Balleny Islands straddle the Antarctic Circle and extend over a
distance of ~150 km. The islands are of volcanic origin and are
predominantly covered by permanent ice.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the large Southern Fulmar
(Fulmarus glacialoides) and Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea)
colonies present on ice free cliffs along the western and
northern coasts of Sturge Island.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR) ~800 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay, and
Dumont d’Urville (FRA) ~1000 km to the southwest in Terre Adélie.
Birds
Southern Fulmars estimated numbering between 10 – 20 000 breeding pairs were observed on the northwestern
coast of Sturge Island in 1965 (Robertson et al. 1980). At this time Snow Petrels were also observed nesting on the
western cliffs, estimated to number between 5000 – 10 000 breeding pairs. These colonies were not observed during
a 1973 expedition (Robertson et al. 1980), although this may be a result of the timing or limited scope of the survey.
Approximately 6000 breeding pairs of Southern Fulmars were observed in 1965 on Row Island, ~120 km to the
northwest of Sturge Island, although this site does not qualify as an IBA.
The Balleny Islands host at least eight species of breeding birds, including Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae),
Chinstrap Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Cape Petrel (Daption capense), Snow Petrel, Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica
antarctica), Southern Fulmar, Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki) (Robertson et al. 1980; Cruwys 2007). Counts for penguins in the Balleny Islands do not qualify for IBA
status, and numbers for the other species are not well known.
Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Antarctic Prion (Pachyptila desolata), Sooty Shearwater (Puffinus
griseus), Arctic Tern (Sterna paradisaea), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica), Grey-headed Albatross (Diomedea
chrysostoma), Black-browed Albatross (Diomedea melanophrys), Light-mantled Sooty Albatross (Phoebetria
palpebrata), Wandering Albatross (Diomedea exulans), Macaroni Penguin (Eudyptes chrysolophus) and White-chinned
Petrel (Procellaria aequinoctialis) have also been observed in the area (Robertson et al. 1980; Cruwys 2007; ASPA No.
104 Management Plan (2015)).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii), Crabeater (Lobodon carcinophagus) and Southern Elephant (Mirounga leonina)
seals forage, breed and moult in the Balleny Islands (Varian 2005).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 238
Conservation issues
Due to its remote location and rugged terrain, which makes boat landings difficult, the islands have been visited only
rarely (Cruwys 2007). In the period 2004-14 only three tourist visits were made to the Balleny Islands (IAATO Tourism
Statistics, accessed: 18/12/2014). A small group of three tourists landed on the island in 2005/06 and the other two
groups (in 2004/05 and 2013/14) did not land. One visit was made in 2001 by New Zealand research teams (Bradford-
Grieve & Fenwick 2002). Direct human disturbance in the area is therefore expected to be minimal.
Further reading
ASPA No. 104 Sabrina Island, Balleny Islands: Management Plan (2015).
Bradford-Grieve, J. & Fenwick, G. 2002. A review of the current knowledge describing the biodiversity of the Balleny
Islands. Final Research Report for National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Limited. Auckland,
New Zealand. Unpublished report for the Ministry of Fisheries. Wellingon, New Zealand.
Cruwys, L. 2007. Balleny Islands. In Riffenburgh B. (ed.) Encyclopedia of the Antarctic Vol. 1 A-K. London, Taylor &
Francis: 123-124.
Robertson,C.J.R., Gilbert, J.R. & Erickson, A.W. 1980. Birds and seals of the Balleny Islands, Antarctica. National
Museum of New Zealand Reconds 1 (16): 271-79.
Varian, S. J. 2005. A summary of the values of the Balleny Islands, Antarctica. Ministry of Fisheries. Wellington, New
Zealand.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 239
Northern Victoria Land
ANT164: Duke of York Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
170°02'44" E, 71°37'32" S
Area
680 ha
Altitude
0 – 470 m
Protection
None
Site description
Duke of York Island is a small island of ~4 km by 2 km situated in
southwestern Robertson Bay, on the Pennell Coast. The island
rises to ~470 m and lies ~7 km west of the Adare Peninsula,
northern Victoria Land. Members of the British Antarctic
Expedition (1898-1900) built a stone hut on the island, from
which they explored the local area (Borchgrevink 1901).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises the whole island.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~390 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay, Ross
Sea.
Birds
Approximately 16 340 breeding pairs (95% CI: 9730, 26 955) of Adélie Penguin were present at Crescent Bay, Duke of
York Island, in 2010/11, as estimated from satellite imagery acquired 16 Feb 2011 (Lynch & LaRue 2014). This
compares with earlier counts made by K. Barton of 1750 (1982), 4749 (1985), 4454 (1988), and 2307 (1990), giving an
average of 3315 pairs over this period (Woehler & Croxall 1997).
Greenfield & Smellie (1992) noted that Marchant & Higgins (1990) reported a breeding colony of Snow Petrel
(Pagodroma nivea) present on Duke of York Island, although did not consider the evidence for its presence to be
strong. Borchgrevink reported collecting Snow Petrel and Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) eggs in the
vicinity of Robertson Bay (Borchgrevink 1901). There remains uncertainty about the presence of breeding Snow
Petrels on the island. Information on other birds on the island is unavailable.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) were observed breeding on sea ice on the coast of Duke of York Island by
members of the British Antarctic Expedition 1910-13 (photographs archived at the Scott Polar Research Institute).
Recent information is not available.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Borchgrevink, C.E. 1901. First on the Antarctic Continent: being an account of the British Antarctic Expedition 1898-
1900. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
Greenfield, L.G. & Smellie, J.M. 1992. Known, new and probable Snow Petrel breeding locations in the Ross
Dependency and Marie Byrd Land. Notornis 39: 119-24.
Marchant, S. & Higgins, P.J. 1990. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Vol. I. Ratites to Petrels.
Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
Woehler, E.J. & Croxall, J.P. 1997. The status and trends of Antarctic and sub-Antarctic seabirds. Marine Ornithology
25: 43-66.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 240
ANT165: Cape Adare
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
170°13'01" E, 71°18'20" S
Area
294 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
ASPA No. 159 is designated
for historic values
Site description
Cape Adare is situated at the north of the Adare Peninsula, on
the Borchgrevink Coast, northern Victoria Land. Ridley Beach
lies ~1.6 km southwest of Cape Adare, and is a roughly
triangular pebbly depositional feature beneath the steep slopes
of the Cape Adare promontory which rises up ~300 m (Reid
1962). Huts and other historic relics left by the Borchgrevink
(1898-1900) and Scott Terra Nova (1910-13) expeditions are
present at the site, and these are protected under ASPA No. 159
Cape Adare, Borchgrevink Coast.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the large Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki) colonies present, and comprises ice free ground at
Ridley Beach. The IBA encompasses ASPA No. 159, although the
protection relates to the historic values of the site rather than resident birdlife.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and Jang Bogo (KOR), ~420 km south in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
Historically, Cape Adare has been the largest Adélie Penguin colony in the Ross Sea, although recent counts at Cape
Crozier have rivalled those at Cape Adare (Lyver et al. 2014). The Adélie colony at Cape Adare had a mean count of
227 000 breeding pairs over 4 seasons sampled between 1981 and 2012 (Lyver et al. 2014). The colony occupies Ridley
Beach, extending to include a talus slope forming a ledge ~10 m above the beach and part of the western slopes of the
Cape Adare promontory. A South Polar Skua colony of ~300 pairs breeds above the penguin colony at the crest of the
promontory (Reid 1962), with 306 pairs estimated from a ground count made in January 1982 (Ainley et al. 1986).
Confirmed visitors to the area are Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica
antarctica), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea) and Wilson’s Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus), although these species
are not known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) are reported to haul out on Ridley Beach.
Conservation issues
Cape Adare is remote and inaccessible, and is visited infrequently by national programmes and tourists. An annual
average of 308 tourists (including passengers, staff and crew) visited Cape Adare from 2006–2011. However, only 7
tourists visited in 2012/13, and none in 2011/12 (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 24/04/2014). Human disturbance
in the area is expected to be minimal.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.
ASPA No. 159 Cape Adare, Borchgrevink Coast: Management Plan (2010).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 241
Harper, P.C., Knox, G.A., Spurr, E.B., Taylor, R.H. Wilson, G.J & Young, E.C. 1984. The status and conservation of birds in
the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica. In: Croxall, J.P., Evans, P.G.H. & Schreiber, R.W. (eds) Status and
Conservation of the World’s Seabirds. ICBP Technical Publication 2: 593-608.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188
Reid, B. 1962. An assessment of the size of the Cape Adare Adélie Penguin rookery and skuary – with notes on Petrels.
Notornis 10 (3): 98-111.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT166: Downshire Cliffs
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
170°34'13" E, 71°33'11" S
Area
243 ha
Altitude
0 to < 1400 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Downshire Cliffs are formed of basalt rising to 2000 m on
the eastern slopes of the Adare Peninsula, Borchgrevink Coast,
northern Victoria Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises the ice free slopes below Downshire Cliffs where the
penguins breed.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~400 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
A mean of 19 617 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin was
reported over 5 seasons sampled between 1981 and 2012
(Lyver et al. 2014). Information on other bird species at the site is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT167: Possession Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
171°11'17" E, 71°53'12" S
Area
276 ha
Altitude
0 to < 100 m
Protection
None
Site description
Possession Island is the largest and most northerly of the
Possession Islands, which lie 17 km east of Cape Roget, at the
southern extremity of Adare Peninsula, Borchgrevink Coast,
northern Victoria Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
colonies present and comprises the entire island.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~380 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
The Adélie Penguin colony at Possession Island had a mean of
111 306 breeding pairs over 3 seasons sampled from 1981 –
2012 (Lyver et al. 2014). South Polar Skuas are also present on the island, with 474 breeding pairs recorded from a
ground count made in 1982 (Ainley et al. 1986), making it the second largest South Polar Skua colony recorded in the
Ross Sea region after Cape Crozier. No recent information is available on the skua colony, and information on other
birds breeding in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Possession Island is visited regularly by tourist ships, although not every year. From 2004–2014 visits were conducted
on 6 seasons with an average of 86 visitors per season, of whom the majority landed. The number of visitors
fluctuates, with four visitors in 2011/12 and 211 visitors in 2013/14 (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 02/02/2015).
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT168: Foyn Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
171°05'21" E, 71°57'05" S
Area
224 ha
Altitude
0 to < 100 m
Protection
None
Site description
Foyn Island is the second largest of the Possession Islands,
which lie 17 km east of Cape Roget, at the southern extremity of
Adare Peninsula, Borchgrevink Coast, northern Victoria Land.
Foyn Island extends around 2 km across.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises the entire island.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~370 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
The Adélie Penguin colony at Foyn Island had a mean of 30 494
breeding pairs over 6 seasons sampled from 1981 – 2012 (Lyver
et al. 2014). South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) are also present on the island, with 397 breeding pairs
recorded in the 1980s (Ainley et al. 1986), although because this count was made from an aerial survey it has not be
used for the purpose of assessing the IBA. No recent information is available on the skua colony, and information on
other birds breeding in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
No tourist ships are known to have visited Foyn Island over the last ten years. The last recorded visit was in 1994/95
when 131 passengers landed, and two ships in 1992/93 landed a combined total of 220 passengers (IAATO Tourism
Statistics, accessed: 02/02/2015).
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 245
ANT169: Cape Roget
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
170°36'07" E, 71°59'20" S
Area
371 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Roget is situated at the southern extremity of the Adare
Peninsula, on the Borchgrevink Coast, northern Victoria Land.
An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony breeds on
sea ice that forms at the northern entrance to Moubray Bay,
several km south of Cape Roget. The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the Emperor Penguin colony present and is entirely marine.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~360 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
The Emperor Penguin population at Cape Roget ranged from
~3700 – ~7300 breeding pairs between 1983 and 1996 (Barber-
Meyer et al. 2007, 2008). Analysis of a satellite image acquired
16 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 9505 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony,
although image quality was rated Fair and the authors considered the result may be an overestimate.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known
Conservation issues
None known
Further reading
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Estimating the relative abundance of Emperor Penguins at
inaccessible colonies using satellite imagery. Polar Biology 30: 1565-1570.
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2008. Trends in western Ross Sea Emperor Penguin chick
abundances and their relationships to climate. Antarctic Science 20 (1): 3-11.
doi:10.1017/S0954102007000673
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: the first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 246
ANT170: Seabee Hook, Cape Hallett
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
170°13'31" E, 72°19'13" S
Area
53 ha
Altitude
0 to < 200 m
Protection
ASPA No. 106
Site description
Seabee Hook is located 0.3 km west of Cape Hallett, situated at
the northern extremity of the Hallett Peninsula, Borchgrevink
Coast, northern Victoria Land. Seabee Hook is a relatively flat,
depositional feature that consists of coarse volcanic parent
material forming a series of beach ridges. Steep scree and
permanent ice rising to more than 65 m form the western
slopes of northern Hallett Peninsula.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony that occupies Seabee Hook, and is coincident
with the boundary of ASPA No. 106: Cape Hallett. The ASPA is
designated as an outstanding example of biological diversity,
including for its large seabird colonies and diverse terrestrial
ecology.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and Jang Bogo (KOR), ~330 km to the south in Terra Nova
Bay.
Birds
A mean of 42 628 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin was reported over 14 seasons sampled between 1981 and 2012
(Lyver et al. 2014). Approximately 63 971 breeding pairs were present in 2009/10 (combined total of direct nest,
oblique aerial and ground photo counts made 26 Nov – 3 Dec 2009; unpublished data ERA 2010 cited in ASPA No.106
Management Plan (2010)).
South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) breed within the area, and 14 breeding pairs and 66 individuals were
observed on Seabee Hook in 2009, and another 23 breeding pairs and 92 individuals were present east of Willett Cove
(unpublished data ERA 2010 cited in ASPA No.106 Management Plan (2010)).
Visitors to the area include Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri), Chinstrap Penguins (Pygoscelis antarctica),
Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus), Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) and Southern Giant Petrels
(Macronectes giganteus).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) breed in Edisto Inlet and have been observed on Seabee Hook. Leopard Seals
(Hydrurga leptonyx) and Minke Whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) are commonly observed offshore.
Conservation issues
A permanent NZL / USA scientific station was built on Seabee Hook in 1964, which involved destruction of nesting
sites for thousands of pairs of Adélie Penguin. Prior to station construction, the colony was around 62 900 pairs
(1959), which reduced to 37 000 pairs (1968) after the station was operational (ASPA No.106 Management Plan 2010).
The station was closed in 1973, although clean-up did not commence until the 1980s and continued through until
2010 when the last materials remaining were removed. Penguins have begun to recolonise former station areas
following removal of structures and debris.
Cape Hallett is visited by tourist ships. Parts of the coastline are accessible for tourists as they are situated outside of
the ASPA and ATS Visitor Site Guidelines apply. From 2008–2013 an average of 101 visitors landed in the area,
although the number of visitors fluctuates. For example, in 2008/09 more than 300 people landed, while in 2010/11

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 247
and in 2012/13 less than 100 people landed, whereas in 2011/12 no tourist landings were made (IAATO Tourism
Statistics, accessed: 24/04/2014).
Further reading
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Seabee Hook
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Seabee_hook_e.pdf Accessed 06/04/2015.
ASPA No. 106 Cape Hallett, Northern Victoria Land, Ross Sea: Management Plan (2010).
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 248
ANT171: Cotter Cliffs
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
170°17'35" E, 72°24'31" S
Area
296 ha
Altitude
0 to < 1300 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cotter Cliffs form the eastern coast of Hallett Peninsula, located
on the Borchgrevink Coast, northern Victoria Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the large Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae) colony that breeds on ice-free slopes
immediately south of Cotter Cliffs and below Quarterdeck Ridge
on Hallett Peninsula.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~320 km to the southwest in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
A mean of 38 252 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin was
reported over 8 seasons sampled between 1981 and 2012
(Lyver et al. 2014). Information on other bird species at the site
is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 249
ANT172: Mandible Cirque
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
169°24'48" E, 73°06'17" S
Area
121 ha
Altitude
0 to < 800 m
Protection
None
Site description
Mandible Cirque is situated on the southern coast of Daniell
Peninsula, on the Borchgrevink Coast of northern Victoria Land,
~ 8 km southwest of Cape Phillips.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the large Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae) colony breeding on ice-free ground adjacent
to Mandible Cirque.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~240 km to the southwest in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
A mean of 16 837 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin was
reported over 3 seasons sampled between 1981 and 2012
(Lyver et al. 2014). Information on other bird species at the site
is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT173: Cape Wadworth, Coulman Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
169°37'56" E, 73°21'03" S
Area
415 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Coulman Island lies along the Borchgrevink Coast of northern
Victoria Land, ~18 km east of the Borchgrevink Glacier Tongue.
The island is an elongated basaltic dome covered by a
permanent ice cap. Cape Wadworth is the northern-most point
of Coulman Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony that breeds on sea ice ~5 km
southwest of Cape Wadworth. Breeding extends ~2 km offshore
from the northwestern coast of Coulman Island, and the IBA is
entirely marine.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR) ~220 km to the southwest in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
The Coulman Island Emperor Penguin colony is currently the largest known, although the emperor colony at Cape
Washington (IBA ANT176) has in some years been comparable, or sometimes of larger, in size. The colony breeds on
sea ice up to approximately 1 km from the northwestern Coulman Island coast. The population ranged between
~19 000 and ~35 000 pairs from 1983-2005 (Barber-Meyer et al. 2007, 2008). Analysis of a satellite image acquired 16
Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that 25 298 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony, although image
quality was rated Fair.
Information on other bird species at the site is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known
Conservation issues
See IBA ANT174 for information about conservation issues at Coulman Island.
Further reading
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Estimating the relative abundance of Emperor Penguins at
inaccessible colonies using satellite imagery. Polar Biology 30: 1565-1570.
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2008. Trends in western Ross Sea Emperor Penguin chick
abundances and their relationships to climate. Antarctic Science 20(1): 3-11.
doi:10.1017/S0954102007000673
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: the first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2014. Chick production at the largest Emperor Penguin colony decreases by 50% from
2008-10. Antarctic Science 26: 33-37.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT174: Cape Main, Coulman Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
169°52'17" E, 73°31'01" S
Area
500 ha
Altitude
0 to < 1000 m
Protection
None
Site description
Coulman Island lies along the Borchgrevink Coast of northern
Victoria Land, ~18 km east of the Borchgrevink Glacier Tongue.
The island is an elongated basaltic dome covered by a
permanent ice cap. Cape Main is an ice free outcrop and
moraine that lies on the eastern coast of Coulman Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises ice free ground and a strip of moraine that lies on the
eastern coast of the island, ~3 km north of Cape Main.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~220 km to the southwest in Terra Nova Bay.
Birds
A large colony of Adélie Penguins is recorded breeding on ice-free ground adjacent to the ice shelf north of Cape Main,
with on average 17 991 breeding pairs present from 1981 – 2012 (Lyver et al. 2014). The main nesting area lies over
low ridges on a large triangular moraine (not shown on map) that extends eastward from rocky cliffs on the eastern
coast of Coulman Island. A small group of nests is located on the steeper slopes just below these cliffs. Information on
other bird species at the site is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
Coulman Island is visited by tourist ships relatively infrequently. From 2008–13 visits were made in two seasons with a
total of three tourist ships, and it is reported that ice walks, helicopter flights and small boat cruising took place,
although the specific sites where these activities occurred are not reported (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed:
24/11/2014). The number of tourists visiting the site is therefore uncertain, although is expected to be minimal. Few
visits to Coulman Island are made by national programmes, and data for the penguin census are gathered by aerial
survey under controlled conditions, so disturbance from these sources is anticipated to be minimal.
Further reading
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188
Taylor, R.H. & Wilson, P.R. 1985. Adélie Penguin rookeries at Coulman Island, Western Ross Sea, Antarctica. Notornis
32 (2): 101-07.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 252
Wood Bay / Terra Nova Bay
ANT175: Edmonson Point
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
165°05'44" E, 74°19'32" S
Area
550 ha
Altitude
0 – 300 m
Protection
ASPA No. 165
Site description
Edmonson Point is situated in Wood Bay, Ross Sea, at the foot
of the eastern slopes of Mount Melbourne, Victoria Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present and is coincident with
the boundary of Antarctic Specially Protected Area No. 165:
Edmonson Point, Wood Bay. The ASPA is designated for its
outstanding ecological and scientific values, in particular for the
outstanding freshwater and terrestrial habitats present, and the
opportunities offered at the site for studies of Adélie Penguin
(Pygoscelis adeliae) and South Polar Skua.
The nearest permanent stations are Jang Bogo (KOR, year-
round), Mario Zucchelli (ITA, summer-only), and Gondwana
(DEU, summer occasional use), located ~50 km to the southwest
in the Northern Foothills.
Birds
A stable colony of ~120 breeding pairs of South Polar Skua are present at Edmonson Point, with the majority nesting
close to the Adélie Penguin colony and a further 36 pairs nesting on the slopes of Ippolito Hills (Colline Ippolito)
(CCAMLR 1999; Pezzo et al. 2001; V. Volpi pers. comm. 2005 cited in ASPA No. 165 Management Plan). A count made
in 2010 recorded 116 pairs, with 55 pairs at Ippolito Hills and the remainder on Edmonson Point. Several groups of
non-breeders, ranging between 50 and 70 individuals, are frequently observed near freshwater ponds during the
breeding season (Pezzo et al. 2001). The colony is one of the most numerous in Victoria Land, and has an unusually
high ratio of skuas to resident penguins, being around 1:20 (CCAMLR 1999; Pezzo et al. 2001).
The small colony of Adélie Penguins is located in the southeastern part of Edmonson Point, and is insufficiently large
to qualify as an IBA in its own right. The colony had on average ~1890 breeding pairs in the period 1981 – 2012 (Lyver
et al. 2014).
Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) and Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) have been observed as visitors,
although are not known to breed in the area (ASPA No. 165 Management Plan).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) regularly breed on sea ice that forms along the coast of Edmonson Point, and
have also been observed hauling out along the beaches (ASPA No. 165 Management Plan).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
ASPA No. 165 Edmonson Point, Wood Bay, Victoria Land, Ross Sea: Management Plan (2011).
CCAMLR. 1999. Report of member’s activities in the Convention Area 1998/99: Italy. CCAMLR-XVIII/MA/14.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 253
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188
Pezzo, F., Olmastroni, S., Corsolini, S. & Focardi, S. 2001. Factors affecting the breeding success of the South Polar Skua
Catharacta maccormicki at Edmonson Point, Victoria Land, Antarctica. Polar Biology 24: 389-93.
doi:10.1007/s003000000213

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 254
ANT176: Cape Washington
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
164°58'02" E, 74°37'07" S
Area
28584 ha
Altitude
0 to < 500 m
Protection
ASPA No. 173
Site description
Cape Washington is situated on the lower slopes of Mount
Melbourne, Victoria Land, in northern Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta
maccormicki) colonies that breed near Cape Washington, and
coincides with the boundary of ASPA No. 173: Cape Washington
& Silverfish Bay. The ASPA was designated in 2013 for its
outstanding ecological and scientific values, particularly in
recognition of the large Emperor Penguin colony present.
The nearest permanent stations are Jang Bogo (KOR, year-
round), Mario Zucchelli (ITA, summer-only) and Gondwana
(DEU, summer occasional use), located ~30 km to the west in
the vicinity of Gerlache Inlet.
Birds
The Emperor Penguin colony population ranges from 13 000 – 25 000 breeding pairs (Barber-Meyer et al. 2007, 2008),
and ~17 000 pairs were present in 2010 (G. Kooyman pers. comm. 2012). The colony is one of the largest known, and
in some years exceeds the size of the Coulman Island colony (IBA ANT173) to become the largest colony in the Ross
Sea. The colony typically breeds on sea ice up to 0.5 km west of Cape Washington, although may break into a number
of sub-groups and move several km from this site throughout the breeding season.
Around 50 pairs of South Polar Skua breed on ice free slopes above Cape Washington, and Snow Petrels (Pagodroma
nivea) have been observed breeding in coastal cliffs northeast of the cape (Greenfield & Smellie 1992). South Polar
Skuas were also observed breeding at Oscar Point (~20 pairs) and on Markham Island (~21 pairs) in 1982 (Ainley et al.
1986).
Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae) are regularly observed near the emperor colony, although do not breed at the
site. Other visiting birds observed in the area include Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus) and Southern Giant
Petrels (Macronectes giganteus) (Kooyman et al. 1990).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) forage in the vicinity and Minke Whales (Balaenoptera bonaerensis), other Balaenoptera
species and Arnoux’s Beaked Whale (Berardius arnuxii) have been observed nearby.
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii), Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx) and Crabeater (Lobodon carcinophagus) seals are
common in the region. The western part of the area east of the Campbell Glacier Tongue, Silverfish Bay, is a nursery
ground for Antarctic Silverfish (Pleuragramma antarcticum).
Conservation issues
The Cape Washington Emperor Penguin colony was visited regularly by tourists over the last 20 years, with an average
of ~200 tourists visiting per season over the last decade. Recreational visits have also been undertaken regularly by
station personnel from nearby stations (ASPA No. 173 Management Plan 2013). Logistic activity, in particular by
aircraft and ships, operating nearby is a potential conservation issue, although access and overflight are now carefully
controlled by the ASPA No. 173 Management Plan (2013).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 255
Further reading
ASPA No. 173 Cape Washington and Silverfish Bay, Northern Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea: Management Plan (2013).
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Estimating the relative abundance of Emperor Penguins at
inaccessible colonies using satellite imagery. Polar Biology 30: 1565-70.
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2008. Trends in western Ross Sea Emperor Penguin chick
abundances and their relationships to climate. Antarctic Science 20(1): 3-11.
doi:10.1017/S0954102007000673
Greenfield, L.G. & Smellie, J.M. 1992. Known, new and probable Snow Petrel breeding locations in the Ross
Dependency and Marie Byrd Land. Notornis 39: 119-24.
Kooyman, G.L., Croll, D., Stone, S. & Smith, S. 1990. Emperor penguin colony at Cape Washington, Antarctica. Polar
Record 26: 103-08.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 256
ANT177: Adélie Cove
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
164°00'35" E, 74°45'51" S
Area
186 ha
Altitude
0 to < 100 m
Protection
ASPA 161 protects adjacent marine area
Site description
Adélie Cove is situated in Terra Nova Bay on the coast of the
Northern Foothills, Victoria Land. The IBA qualifies on the basis
of the concentration of seabirds present (in particular Adélie
Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and comprises ice free ground on
the northern coast of Adélie Cove adjacent to ASPA No. 161
Terra Nova Bay.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), ~9 km and 17 km to the north respectively.
Birds
An average of ~11 234 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were
present each season from 1981 – 2012 (Lyver et al. 2014).
Approximately 91 breeding pairs of South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) were reported along the Northern
Foothills coast (Ainley 1986), although the exact extent of the area of the count is not known. A more recent census
counted 30 breeding pairs of South Polar Skua in the immediate vicinity of the Adélie Penguin colony, and Wilson’s
Storm-petrel (Oceanites oceanicus) have also been also observed in the area (S. Olmastroni pers. comm. 2015).
Information on other breeding bird species in the area is not available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) have been reported in the area (S. Olmastroni pers. comm. 2015).
Conservation issues
The proximity of nearby stations and associated aircraft and other human activity could pose risks of disturbance to
the colony. Italy has recently proposed construction of a new hard-rock airstrip in the Northern Foothills, several
kilometres to the north of the Adélie Penguin colony (Government of Italy 2014). Sound intensity measurements and
penguin observations at Adélie Cove reported minimal disturbance during a single test flight by a large transport
aircraft over the proposed airstrip, although a detailed account, including information on breeding South Polar Skuas
or other birds, was not provided. A Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation is being prepared by Italy prior to
construction of the airstrip (S. Torcini pers. comm. 2015).
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H., & Wood, R.C 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-163
Government of Italy 2014. Proposal for a hard rock airstrip in the Northern Foothills. Information Paper 057 presented
to the ATCM XXXVII, 28 April – 07 May 2014, Brazilia, Brazil.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 257
ANT178: Inexpressible Island
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
163°43'02" E, 74°54'01" S
Area
365 ha
Altitude
0 to < 200 m
Protection
None
Site description
Inexpressible Island, Victoria Land, is situated in Terra Nova Bay,
Ross Sea. The island is bounded in the east by Hells Gate and
Evans Cove, and in the west by the Nansen Ice Sheet
The eastern side of the island is relatively flat with a few low
hills, while a ridge of ~110 m elevation runs along the western
flank. Several lakes are present (PRIC & Tongji University 2014).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present and the concentration
of seabirds (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae))
and comprises an area of ice free ground on the eastern shore
of Inexpressible Island.
The nearest permanent stations are Mario Zucchelli (ITA) and
Jang Bogo (KOR), situated ~30 km to the northeast. China has
announced plans to construct a new station several kilometres to the south of the IBA (PRIC & Tongji University 2014).
Birds
An average of ~24 450 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were present each season from 1981 – 2012 (Lyver et al.
2014). Approximately 60 breeding pairs of South Polar Skuas were present on Inexpressible Island both within and
near the vicinity of the IBA in 1982 (Ainley et al. 1986), although the precise breeding area has not been defined.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been observed on sea ice near Inexpressible Island (PRIC & Tongji
University 2014).
Conservation issues
Inexpressible Island is visited regularly by tourist ships, and from 2008–13 an average of 73 people per season landed
(IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 24/04/2014).
China recently announced plans to establish a new permanent research station on ice free ground ~2 km to the south
of the IBA. The shortest distance between the Adélie Penguin colony and the proposed station site is ~1.5 km (PRIC &
Tongji University 2014). Helicopter, ships, vehicles and pedestrians are likely to operate in close proximity to the IBA,
both during construction and when operational. China has expressed interest in establishing a new Antarctic Specially
Protected Area (PRIC & Tongji University 2014), and if designated this should help protect the penguin colony.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H., & Wood, R.C 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188
PRIC (Polar Research Institute of China) & Tongji University. 2014. Proposed construction and operation of a new
Chinese research station, Victoria Land, Antarctica. Draft Comprehensive Environmental Evaluation.
Working Paper 016 presented to the ATCM XXXVII, 28 April – 07 May 2014, Brasília, Brazil.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 258
Southern Victoria Land
ANT179: Depot Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
162°58'13" E, 76°42'05" S
Area
7.2 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Depot Island is of roughly triangular in shape and situated ~200
m off the coast of Evans Piedmont Glacier, southern Victoria
Land. It is situated ~ 4 km north of Cape Ross and ~ 10 km
southeast of Tripp Island. The ice free island is ~ 0.3 km long and
up to 0.3 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present at the site and
comprises all of Depot Island.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL)
and McMurdo Station (USA) situated ~160 km to the southeast
on Hut Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
South Polar Skuas breed on Gregory Island, with ~72 breeding pairs estimated in 1982 (Ainley et al. 1986). No recent
information on the colony is available, and no other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-163.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT180: Gregory Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
162°57'45" E, 76°48'52" S
Area
70 ha
Altitude
0 – 100 m
Protection
None
Site description
Gregory Island, McMurdo Sound, is situated a few hundred
metres off the coast of the Evans Piedmont Glacier, southern
Victoria Land. It is situated ~5 km north of Cape Archer and ~8
km south of Cape Ross. The ice free island is ~1.2 km long and
up to 0.8 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present at the site and
comprises all of Gregory Island.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL)
and McMurdo (USA) situated ~150 km to the south-east on Hut
Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
South Polar Skuas breed on Gregory Island, with ~119 breeding pairs estimated in 1983 (Ainley et al. 1986). No recent
information on the colony is available, and no other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-163.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT181: Dunlop Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
163°29'13" E, 77°14'29" S
Area
168 ha
Altitude
20 m
Protection
None
Site description
Dunlop Island, McMurdo Sound, lies ~400 m off the coast of
Cape Dunlop and the Wilson Piedmont Glacier, southern
Victoria Land. The island is mainly ice free, is roughly triangular
in shape, and rises to an elevation of ~10 m. The island is ~1.8
km long by up to 1.2 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present at the site and
comprises all of Dunlop Island.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL)
and McMurdo (USA) situated ~100 km to the southeast on Hut
Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
South Polar Skuas breed on Dunlop Island, with ~88 breeding pairs estimated in 1982 (Ainley et al. 1986). No recent
information on the colony is available, and no other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-163.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT182: Blue Glacier to Cape Chocolate
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
169°20'10" E, 77°28'56" S
Area
1206 ha
Altitude
0 to < 100 m
Protection
ASMA No.2 McMurdo Dry Valleys
Site description
Blue Glacier is situated between the Ferrar and Koettlitz
glaciers, McMurdo Dry Valleys, southern Victoria Land. Blue
Glacier flows into McMurdo Sound ~10 km north of Cape
Chocolate. Ice free ground extending along the coast to the
south of the glacier forms part of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, and
lies within Antarctic Specially Managed Area No.2.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony that breeds on the ice free
ground extending ~10 km southward along the coast from Blue
Glacier towards Cape Chocolate. The IBA boundary is uncertain
because the exact extent of the breeding area included within
the count is not known.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL)
and McMurdo (USA) situated ~50 km to the east on Hut Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
Approximately ~226 breeding pairs of South Polar Skuas were estimated as breeding along the coast extending
southward from Blue Glacier in 1981 (Ainley et al. 1986). No recent information on the colony is available, and no
other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT183: Dailey Islands
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
165°03'20" E, 77°52'33" S
Area
1654 ha
Altitude
0 to < 180 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Dailey Islands are a group of five ice free islands located at
the northern margin of the McMurdo Ice Shelf, ~10 km
northeast of Cape Chocolate, southern Victoria Land, and ~15
km north of Brown Peninsula. West Dailey Island is the largest
of the group at ~2 km long by up to 0.9 km wide.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present at the site. The IBA
comprises all the islands that are part of the Dailey Islands
group and the intervening marine area.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL)
and McMurdo (USA), situated ~35 km to the east on Hut Point
Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
South Polar Skuas breed on the Dailey Islands, with ~77 breeding pairs estimated in 1981 (Ainley et al. 1986). No
recent information on the colony is available, and no other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.

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Ross Island / southern Ross Sea
ANT184: Rocky Point, Ross Island
IBA criteria
A4ii
Coordinates
166°13'22" E, 77°31'09" S
Area
40 ha
Altitude
0 – 50 m
Protection
None
Site description
Rocky Point is situated between Horseshoe Bay and Maumee
Bight, ~ 4 km north of Cape Royds, Ross Island.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present. The IBA comprises all
of the ice free ground at Rocky Point.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base and
(NZL) McMurdo (USA), situated ~40 km to the south on Hut
Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
South Polar Skuas breed at Rocky Point, with ~66 breeding pairs
estimated in 1981 (Ainley et al. 1986). No recent information on
the colony is available. A small Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony of 2000 – 4000 breeding pairs is present at Cape Royds, which is protected by ASPA No. 121 for its
value in long term and detailed research programmes. South Polar Skuas are also known to breed within and near the
protected area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known. Compared to Cape Royds, which is of interest to tourists and national program personnel both for the
presence of the penguin colony and Shackleton’s historic hut, relatively few people visit Rocky Point and human
disturbance is expected to be minimal.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-63.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT185: McDonald Beach, Cape Bird
IBA criteria
A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
166°23'28" E, 77°15'01" S
Area
269 ha
Altitude
0 to < 350 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Bird is situated at the northwestern extremity of Ross
Island at the foot of Mount Bird, where a nearby ice free point
extends ~10 km along the coast, and includes McDonald Beach
and Caughley Beach. Three Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)
colonies occupy this coast, known informally as ‘Northern’,
‘Middle’ and ‘Southern’ rookeries.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the South Polar Skua
(Catharacta maccormicki) colony present and the concentration
of seabirds (in particular Adélie Penguin) and comprises the ice-
free area at McDonald Beach.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are McMurdo (USA)
and Scott Base (NZL), situated ~67 km to the south on Hut Point
Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
The McDonald Beach colony (‘Southern Rookery’) comprises ~13 000 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin (count
approximate, Coats 2010). The mean total count for all three colonies over 30 seasons between 1981 and 2012 was
43 321 breeding pairs, while the most recent count for all three colonies was 75 696 breeding pairs (Lyver et al. 2014).
Approximately 137 breeding pairs of South Polar Skua were estimated at McDonald Beach in 2013-14 (Wilson et al. in
prep.). Spurr, Wilson & Agar (1990) reported ~300 breeding pairs and 300 non-breeders, although these counts
covered the entire ice free area at Cape Bird.
The following birds have been recorded as visitors to Cape Bird: Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri), Chinstrap
Penguin (Pygoscelis antarctica), Southern Giant Petrel (Macronectes giganteus), Southern Fulmar (Fulmarus
glacialoides), Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica), Snow Petrel (Pagodroma nivea), Wilson’s Storm-petrel
(Oceanites oceanicus), Brown Skua (Catharacta antarctica) and Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus) (Spurr, Wilson & Agar
1990).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii), Crabeater (Lobodon carcinophagus) and Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx) seals, as well
as Killer Whales (Orcinus orca), have been observed in the area.
Conservation issues
A small number of tourists visit Cape Bird by ship. Over 5 seasons from 2008–13 an average of 122 tourists and guides
visited Cape Bird each year. Almost all visitors landed ashore, except in 2008/09 when only 41 of the total of 131
visitors landed (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 24/04/2014).
See IBA ANT186 for comments on conservation issues related to aircraft access at Cape Bird.
Further reading
ASPA No. 116 New College Valley, Caughley Beach, Cape Bird: Management Plan (2011)
Coats, L. 2010. Antarctic field season 2010: update #4: Cape Bird.
http://www.coplateau.com/Update4_Cape_Bird.html - accessed 30 Jan 2015.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Harper, P.C., Knox, G.A., Spurr, E.B., Taylor, R.H. Wilson, G.J & Young, E.C. 1984. The status and conservation of birds in
the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica. In: Croxall, J.P., Evans, P.G.H. & Schreiber, R.W. (eds) Status and
Conservation of the World’s Seabirds. ICBP Technical Publication 2: 593-608.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson, P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188
Spurr, E.B., Wilson, K.-J. & Agar, P.M. 1990. Bird species recorded at Cape Bird, Ross Island, Antarctica. Notornis 37(1):
37-44.
Wilson, D.J., Lyver, P.O’B., Whitehead, A.L., Greene, T.C., Dugger, K., Karl, B.J., Barringer, J.R.F., McGarry, R., Pollard,
A.M. & Ainley, D.G. in prep. Adélie Penguin colony size predicts South Polar Skua abundance on Ross Island,
Antarctica. The Condor.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 266
ANT186: Caughley Beach, Cape Bird
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
166°26'35" E, 77°13'13" S
Area
103 ha
Altitude
0 to 250 m
Protection
Encompasses ASPA No. 116
Site description
Cape Bird is situated at the northwestern extremity of Ross
Island at the foot of Mount Bird, where a nearby ice free point
extends ~10 km along the coast, and includes McDonald Beach
and Caughley Beach. Three Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)
colonies occupy this coast, known informally as ‘Northern’,
‘Middle’ and ‘Southern’ rookeries.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin and South
Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) colonies present and
comprises the ice-free area at Caughley Beach. The IBA includes
ASPA No. 116 New College Valley (designated for its extensive
moss beds and associated microflora and fauna) and the Cape
Bird Hut (NZL).
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL)
and McMurdo (USA), situated ~67 km to the south on Hut Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
The Caughley Beach colony (‘Northern Rookery’) is the largest of the three colonies at Cape Bird with ~40 000 Adélie
Penguin breeding pairs (count approximate, Coats 2010). See IBA ANT185 McDonald Beach for a description of mean
population counts between 1981 and 2012 for all three Cape Bird colonies and information on other birds that have
been observed in the vicinity.
South Polar Skuas nest inside ASPA No. 116, although numbers are not known (ASPA No.116 Management Plan 2011).
Wilson et al. (in prep.) estimated 140 breeding pairs of South Polar Skua within 1000 m of the Adélie Penguin colony
at Caughley Beach.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell (Leptonychotes weddellii), Crabeater (Lobodon carcinophagus) and Leopard (Hydrurga leptonyx) seals, as well
as Killer Whales (Orcinus orca), have been observed in the vicinity.
Conservation issues
Access to Cape Bird Hut is generally made by helicopter from the stations on Hut Point Peninsula. Two designated
landing sites exist, one ~400 m southwest from the hut at Caughley Beach for use between October to February and
one adjacent to the hut for use between March and September. Helicopter movements have caused disturbance to
penguins breeding near the approach routes and landing sites in recent years (D. Ainley pers. comms 2011, 2012) and
this represents a potential conservation concern. See the description of IBA ANT185 McDonald Beach for details of
tourist visits.
Further reading
ASPA No. 116 New College Valley, Caughley Beach, Cape Bird: Management Plan (2011).
Coats, L. 2010. Antarctic field season 2010: update #4: Cape Bird.
http://www.coplateau.com/Update4_Cape_Bird.html - accessed 30 Jan 2015.
Harper, P.C., Knox, G.A., Spurr, E.B., Taylor, R.H. Wilson, G.J & Young, E.C. 1984. The status and conservation of birds in
the Ross Sea sector of Antarctica. In: Croxall, J.P., Evans, P.G.H. & Schreiber, R.W. (eds) Status and
Conservation of the World’s Seabirds. ICBP Technical Publication 2: 593-608.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 267
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson, P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188
Spurr, E.B., Wilson, K.-J. & Agar, P.M. 1990. Bird species recorded at Cape Bird, Ross Island, Antarctica. Notornis 37(1):
37-44.
Wilson, D.J., Lyver, P.O’B., Whitehead, A.L., Greene, T.C., Dugger, K., Karl, B.J., Barringer, J.R.F., McGarry, R., Pollard,
A.M. & Ainley, D.G. in prep. Adélie Penguin colony size predicts South Polar Skua abundance on Ross Island,
Antarctica. The Condor.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT187: Cape Crozier, Ross Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
169°20'10" E, 77°28'56" S
Area
6973 ha
Altitude
0 to < 750 m
Protection
ASPA No. 124
Site description
Cape Crozier is located at the eastern extremity of Ross Island,
southern Ross Sea, where the Ross Ice Shelf pushes up against
the land at Cape Crozier and forms large pressure cracks in the
shelf ice near its seaward terminus. Fast ice forms between the
cracks, providing habitat suitable for breeding Emperor
Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri). The IBA qualifies, however, on
the basis of the large Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae) and
South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki) colonies that occupy
ice free slopes on the coastline north of Cape Crozier. The IBA
boundary is coincident with that of Antarctic Specially Protected
Area No. 124: Cape Crozier, Ross Island.
The area lies at the foot of the mainly ice-free northeastern
slopes of Mount Terror (3230 m). The geology is of volcanic
origin, with slopes interspersed by small cones and craters of scoria and basalts. Sparse growth of various species of
algae, mosses and lichens occurs across the area. Recent meteorological records from ~35 km to the east recorded
December as the warmest month with a mean temperature of -5.8°C, and August the coldest with a mean
temperature of -33.1°C.
A small field hut (USA) is located close to the northwestern boundary of the protected area. The nearest permanent
scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL) and McMurdo (USA), situated ~80 km to the southwest on Hut Point Peninsula,
Ross Island.
Birds
One of the largest Adélie Penguin colonies in Antarctica is located on the coast ~5 km north of Cape Crozier. This is
divided into two colonies, commonly referred to as ‘East’ and ‘West’, which are separated by ~1 km and a prominent
ridge and icefield. Over the last 50 years the colony has substantially grown, from ~65 000 breeding pairs in 1958 to
~272 340 breeding pairs in 2012 (Lyver et al. 2014). However several large icebergs situated in the foraging area from
2001-05 had a significant negative influence on bird breeding performance.
An Emperor Penguin colony of 1189 pairs (2012 estimate) breeds on fast ice that forms in the cracks in the Ross Ice
Shelf near Cape Crozier (G. Kooyman pers. comm. 2014). The location of the breeding site varies from season to
season.
South Polar Skuas breed on ice-free ground surrounding the Adélie colonies, and comprised ~1000 breeding pairs in
the 1960s / 70s. More recently, Wilson et al. (in prep.) estimated 1361 and 1108 breeding pairs in 2011/12 and
2012/13, respectively. This represents the largest South Polar Skua colony documented in Antarctica.
Several other bird species have been recorded as non-breeding visitors to Cape Crozier, including Chinstrap Penguins
(Pygoscelis antarctica), Wilson’s Storm-petrels (Oceanites oceanicus), Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea), Antarctic
Petrels (Thalassoica antarctica), Southern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialoides), Southern Giant Petrels (Macronectes
giganteus), and Kelp Gulls (Larus dominicanus).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been recorded breeding in the vicinity. Leopard Seals (Leptonyx
hydrurga) and Crabeater Seals (Lobodon carcinophagus) have also been observed. Several distinct types of Killer
Whales (Orcinus orca) regularly forage nearby.
Conservation issues
The principal reason for designation of Cape Crozier as a protected area in 1966 was on the grounds that it supports a
rich bird and mammal fauna, microfauna and microflora. Long-term studies of the population dynamics and social
behaviour of emperor and Adélie Penguins are also reasons for protection. The Management Plan for ASPA No. 124
provides strict rules to govern the conduct of any visits to the area. Access to the area by aircraft has potential to
disturb the large colonies of breeding birds, although the management plan provides strict guidance on routes,
overflight and landing sites.
In 2001, the giant iceberg B15A collided with the Ross Ice Shelf near Cape Crozier and indirectly caused a total
breeding failure among the Emperor Penguins that frequent the site (Kooyman et al. 2007). In following years, while
B15A was still present, access to the Ross Sea polynya was limited and the breeding success of the Cape Crozier colony
ranged from 0-40% of that in 2000. Calving events occur regularly in Antarctica, although a significant increase in their
frequency may have substantial consequences for Emperor penguins, and possibly other animals.
Concerns have been expressed about changes to the Ross Sea ecosystem as a result of the Antarctic Toothfish
(Dissostichus mawsoni) fishery, which may be contributing to an increase in regional Adélie Penguin populations and a
decline and/or shift in their predator species (Lyver et al. 2014).
Further reading
ASPA No. 124 Cape Crozier, Ross Island: Management Plan (2014).
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Estimating the relative abundance of Emperor Penguins at
inaccessible colonies using satellite imagery. Polar Biology 30: 1565-70.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson, P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188
Kooyman, G.L., Ainley, D.G., Ballard, G. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Effects of giant icebergs on two Emperor Penguin
colonies in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Antarctic Science 19: 31-38.
Wilson, D.J., Lyver, P.O’B., Whitehead, A.L., Greene, T.C., Dugger, K., Karl, B.J., Barringer, J.R.F., McGarry, R., Pollard,
A.M. & Ainley, D.G. in prep. Adélie Penguin colony size predicts South Polar Skua abundance on Ross Island,
Antarctica. The Condor.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT188: Beaufort Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
166°56'35" E, 76°56'49" S
Area
1416 ha
Altitude
0 to < 800 m
Protection
ASPA No. 105
Site description
Beaufort Island is located in the southern Ross Sea, ~22 km
north of Ross Island, and is ~6 km long and ~2.8 km wide. The
island is covered by a permanent ice field on the western and
northwestern slopes, with ice cliffs of up to ~20 m lining the
northwestern coast. The steep eastern and southern slopes are
mostly ice free.
Beaufort Island is of volcanic origin and is part of an extinct
caldera that extends to the east as a group of submerged peaks.
The formation creates a natural barrier for pack ice and
grounding icebergs, which favours winter fast ice development
that is important to the viability of the resident Emperor
Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony.
A broad, flat depositional feature in the southwest, called
Cadwalader Beach, provides an extensive area of habitat suitable for the large breeding colony of Adélie Penguins
(Pygoscelis adeliae). The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin colony and the boundary is coincident with
that of ASPA No. 105: Beaufort Island.
The nearest scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL) and McMurdo (USA), located ~100 km to the south on Hut Point
Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
The main Adélie Penguin colony is located at Cadwalader Beach, and comprised an average of 39 391 breeding pairs
from 1981-2012 (Lyver et al. 2014). A smaller sub-colony of a few breeding pairs was first observed on the northern
coast in 1995 (C. Harris pers. comm. 2014), and by 2008/09 this had grown to 677 breeding pairs (ASPA No. 105
Management Plan 2010).
An Emperor Penguin colony breeds on fast ice that forms in winter near the northeastern coast of the island. The
population ranged from ~100 – ~2000 pairs in the period 1983 – 2005 (Barber-Meyer et al. 2008). Analysis of a
satellite image acquired 12 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 1641 Emperor Penguins were
present, although image quality was rated as Poor.
South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) nest below cliffs that rise behind the Adélie Penguin colony at
Cadwalader Beach. Approximately 50 pairs breed on the northern coast. Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) are
confirmed to nest in cliffs along the southern coast of the island (ASPA No. 105 Management Plan 2010).
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Weddell Seals (Leptonychotes weddellii) have been observed on fast ice near the coast. Leopard Seals (Hydrurga
leptonyx), Killer Whales (Orcinus orca), Minke Whales (Balaenoptera acutorostrata) and Arnoux’s Beaked Whales
(Berardius arnuxii) occur in the vicinity (ASPA No. 105 Management Plan 2010).
Conservation issues
In January 2001, the two giant ice bergs B15A and C16 reached the southern part of the Ross Sea. These icebergs
hampered access by the Emperor Penguins to the Ross Sea polynya and chick production in 2004 was only 6% of that
recorded in 2000 (Kooyman et al. 2007).

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Further reading
ASPA No. 105 Beaufort Island, McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea: Management Plan (2010).
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Estimating the relative abundance of Emperor Penguins at
inaccessible colonies using satellite imagery. Polar Biology 30: 1565-1570.
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2008. Trends in western Ross Sea Emperor Penguin chick
abundances and their relationships to climate. Antarctic Science 20(1): 3-11.
doi:10.1017/S0954102007000673
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: the first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Kooyman, G.L., Ainley, D.G., Ballard, G. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Effects of giant icebergs on two Emperor Penguin
colonies in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. Antarctic Science 19: 31-38.
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson, P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT189: Bernacchi Head, Franklin Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
168°20'34" E, 76°07'42" S
Area
419 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Bernacchi Head lies at the south of Franklin Island, located in
the southern Ross Sea ~150 km east of the Victoria Land coast
and ~140 km north of Ross Island. Franklin Island is of volcanic
origin and mostly covered by permanent ice, and is ~12 km long
and up to ~5 km wide. Cliffs rise up to 200 m high along the
northern, eastern and southwestern coasts (Brodie 1959).
A colony of Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) breeds on
sea ice that forms close off the eastern coast of Bernacchi Head.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are McMurdo (USA)
and Scott Base (NZL), situated ~200 km to the southwest on Hut
Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
The population of Emperor Penguins ranged from ~1500 – ~5000 breeding pairs in the period 1983 – 2005 (Barber-
Meyer et al. 2007, 2008). Analysis of a satellite image acquired 13 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that
approximately 7561 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
A small number of tourists visit Franklin Island by ship. Over 5 seasons from 2009–14 an average of 147 tourists and
guides visited the island per year. Most visitors landed, except in 2012/13 when only 56 of the total of 132 visitors
landed (IAATO Tourism Statistics, accessed: 15/12/2014).
Further reading
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Estimating the relative abundance of Emperor Penguins at
inaccessible colonies using satellite imagery. Polar Biology 30: 1565-70.
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2008. Trends in western Ross Sea Emperor Penguin chick
abundances and their relationships to climate. Antarctic Science 20(1): 3-11.
doi:10.1017/S0954102007000673
Brodie, J.W. 1959. A shallow shelf around Franklin Island in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. New Zealand Journal of Geology
and Geophysics 2(1): 108-19. doi:10.1080/00288306.1959.10431316
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: the first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT190: SW Franklin Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
168°16'54" E, 76°06'18" S
Area
129 ha
Altitude
0 to < 300 m
Protection
None
Site description
Franklin Island is located in the southern Ross Sea ~150 km east
of the Victoria Land coast and ~140 km north of Ross Island. The
island is of volcanic origin and mostly covered by permanent ice,
and is ~12 km long and up to ~5 km wide. Cliffs rise up to 200 m
high along the northern, eastern and southwestern coasts
(Brodie 1959).
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) and South Polar Skua (Catharacta maccormicki)
colonies that breed on a relatively flat point on the
southwestern coast of Franklin Island.
The nearest permanent scientific stations are Scott Base (NZL)
and McMurdo (USA), situated ~200 km to the southwest on Hut
Point Peninsula, Ross Island.
Birds
Approximately 60 540 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were present each season from 1981 – 2012 (Lyver et al.
2014).
South Polar Skuas breed at the southern end of Franklin Island, with ~184 breeding pairs observed in 1982 (Ainley et
al. 1986). Their exact breeding location is not known, however it has been assumed that breeding is mostly in close
proximity of the Adélie Penguin colony.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
See IBA ANT189 for information on tourist visits to Franklin Island.
Further reading
Ainley, D.G., Morrell, S.H. & Wood, R.C. 1986. South Polar Skua breeding colonies in the Ross Sea region. Notornis 33:
155-163.
Brodie, J. W. 1959. A shallow shelf around Franklin Island in the Ross Sea, Antarctica. New Zealand Journal of Geology
and Geophysics 2(1): 108-19. doi:10.1080/00288306.1959.10431316
Lyver, P.O’B., Barron, M., Barton, K.J., Ainley, D.G., Pollard, A., Gordon, S., McNeill, S., Ballard, G. & Wilson, P.R. 2014.
Trends in the breeding population of Adélie Penguins in the Ross Sea, 1981–2012: a coincidence of climate
and resource extraction effects. PLoS ONE 9(3): e91188. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0091188

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Marie Byrd Land / Amundsen Sea
ANT191: Cape Colbeck
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
157°41'20" W, 77°08'17" S
Area
351 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Cape Colbeck lies at the northwestern extremity of the Edward
VII Peninsula, Marie Byrd Land, at the entrance to Bartlett Inlet.
The peninsula is largely ice-covered, apart from nunataks in the
Alexandra and Rockefeller mountain ranges.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony that breeds on fast ice near the
eastern coast of Cape Colbeck, and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Scott Base (NZL) and McMurdo Station (USA), ~835
km to the southwest in the southern Ross Sea.
Birds
The population of Emperor Penguins at Cape Colbeck was
estimated from satellite imagery as comprising ~13 501 adults in 2005 and 12 585 adults in 2006, although high error
surrounded these estimates (Barber-Meyer et al. 2007). In view of the uncertainty, these authors more conservatively
predicted that the colony comprised “>5000 adults” in each of those years. Analysis of a satellite image acquired 13
Oct 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 11 438 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. No
other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Barber-Meyer, S.M., Kooyman, G.L. & Ponganis, P.J. 2007. Estimating the relative abundance of Emperor Penguins at
inaccessible colonies using satellite imagery. Polar Biology 30: 1565-1570.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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ANT192: Mount Paterson
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
155°00'19" W, 78°02'22" S
Area
172 ha
Altitude
690 m
Protection
None
Site description
Mount Paterson is one of 16 nunataks situated on the eastern
side of the Rockefeller Mountains, Marie Byrd Land. It is a
pyramid-shaped peak that rises to ~690 m.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Antarctic Petrel (Thalassoica antarctica))
and comprises the ice free areas at Mount Paterson.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Scott Base (NZL) and McMurdo Station (USA), ~850
km to the southwest in the southern Ross Sea.
Birds
Mount Paterson was visited in 1987/88 and an Antarctic Petrel
colony was observed occupying the eastern, southern and
western slopes of the mountain (Broady et al. 1989). Approximately 10 000 pairs were breeding on the eastern and
southern slopes with another 5000 pairs on the western slope. A small colony of Snow Petrels (Pagodroma nivea) of
several hundred birds was observed on the steep upper crags of the southernmost peak (Broady et al. 1989). No other
birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Broady, P.A., Adams, C.J., Cleary, P.J. & Weaver, S.D. 1989. Ornithological observations at Edward VII Peninsula,
Antarctica, in 1987-88. Notornis 36 (1): 53-61.
van Franeker, J.A., Gavrilo, M., Mehlum, F., Veit, R.R. & Woehler, E.J. 1999. Distribution and abundance of the
Antarctic Petrel. Waterbirds 22 (1): 14-28.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 276
ANT193: Worley Point, Shepard Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
132°46'32" W, 74°24'24" S
Area
8.4 ha
Altitude
0 – 200 m
Protection
None
Site description
Worley Point is a narrow, flat, rocky area extending ~1 km along
the northwestern coast of Shepard Island, which lies adjacent to
the Getz Ice Shelf, Marie Byrd Land. Shepard Island is of basaltic
geology (Gohl 2010), is predominantly ice-covered, and rises to
~520 m at Mount Colburn.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises all ice free ground at Worley Point.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Scott Base (NZL) and McMurdo Station (USA),
located ~1570 km to the southwest in the southern Ross Sea.
Birds
Approximately 10 481 breeding pairs (95% CI: 6196, 17 123) of Adélie Penguin were present on Worley Point in
December 2010, as estimated from satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). Penguins occupy the entire ice free area in
summer. No other information on birds in the area is available.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Gohl, K. (ed.) 2010. The expedition of the Research Vessel “Polarstern” to the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica in 2010.
Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung. 617/2010.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 277
ANT194: Mathewson Point, Shepard Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
132°33'02" W, 74°22'39" S
Area
80 ha
Altitude
0 – 400 m
Protection
None
Site description
Mathewson Point is a small ice free point of ~1 km across on the
northeastern coast of Shepard Island, which lies adjacent to the
Getz Ice Shelf, Marie Byrd Land. Shepard Island is of basaltic
geology (Gohl 2010), is predominantly ice-covered, and rises to
~520 m at Mount Colburn.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises all ice free ground at Mathewson Point.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Scott Base (NZL) and McMurdo Station (USA),
located ~1570 km to the southwest in the southern Ross Sea.
Birds
Approximately 28 934 breeding pairs (95% CI: 17 454, 47 659) of Adélie Penguin were present on Mathewson Point in
December 2010, as estimated from satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). The penguins nest mainly on the eastern
side of Mathewson Point. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Gohl, K. (ed.) 2010. The expedition of the Research Vessel “Polarstern” to the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica in 2010.
Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung. 617/2010.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 278
ANT195: Maher Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
127°02'52" W, 73°11'45" S
Area
51 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Maher Island lies ~10 km north of the northwestern coast of
Siple Island, Marie Byrd Land. The island is shaped like a
horseshoe, ~1 km across, and is mostly ice free in summer.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises all of Maher Island.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are McMurdo Station (USA) and Scott Base (NZL),
located ~1770 km to the southwest in the southern Ross Sea.
Birds
Approximately 10 111 breeding pairs (95% CI: 5993, 16 618) of
Adélie Penguin were present on Maher Island as estimated from
February 2011 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 279
ANT196: Thurston Glacier
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
125°36'25" W, 73°30'00" S
Area
293 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Thurston Glacier descends from Mount Siple, draining the
northern slopes of Siple Island, which is adjacent to the Getz Ice
Shelf on the Bakutis Coast, Marie Byrd Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present and comprises the marine
area and fast ice that forms near the terminus of Thurston
Glacier.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG), in Marguerite
Bay, Antarctic Peninsula, ~1800 km to the east.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 17 Oct 2009 (Fretwell et
al. 2012) indicated that approximately 2989 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. No other birds are known
to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 280
ANT197: Hummer Point, Bear Peninsula
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
110°11'30" W, 74°22'00" S
Area
490 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Hummer Point is located on the eastern coast of Gurnon
Peninsula, which is the northeastern arm of Bear Peninsula, a
predominantly ice covered promontory extending into the
Amundsen Sea on the Walgreen Coast, Marie Byrd Land.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin
(Aptenodytes forsteri) colony present and comprises fast ice in
the marine area several km east of Hummer Point.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG), located ~1250
km to the northeast in Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 18 Nov 2009 (Fretwell et
al. 2012) indicated that approximately 9457 Emperor Penguins were present at the colony. No other birds are known
to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 281
ANT198: Brownson Islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
103°37'58" W, 74°08'49" S
Area
792 ha
Altitude
0 – 20 m
Protection
None
Site description
Brownson Islands are situated approximately 30 km south of
the northern extremity of Canisteo Peninsula, which projects
into the eastern Amundsen Sea between Ferrero and Cranton
Bays on the Walgreen Coast, Marie Byrd Land. The island group
comprises four main islands surrounded by numerous smaller
islets and rocks. Brownson Islands are largely ice-free in summer
and consist of granites cut by thick basaltic dykes (Gohl 2010).
Emperor Penguins (Aptenodytes forsteri) breed on fast ice that
forms between two small islands separated by ~200 m in the
northwest of the group, and Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis
adeliae) breed on an ice free point at the west of the most
southerly island of the group
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and the concentration of seabirds (in particular Adélie Penguin) and includes the breeding sites and the
surrounding marine area extending between these islands.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG),
located approximately 1450 km to the northeast in Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 18 Nov 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 5732 Emperor
Penguins were present at the colony, although image quality was rated as Poor. The colony was identified for the first
time by Fretwell et al. (2012). Approximately 15 962 breeding pairs (95% CI: 9438, 26 013) of Adélie Penguin were
present on the ice free point on the most southerly of the Brownson Islands in December 2011, as estimated from
satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751
Gohl, K. (ed.) 2010. The expedition of the Research Vessel “Polarstern” to the Amundsen Sea, Antarctica in 2010.
Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung. 617/2010.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 282
ANT199: Edwards Islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
102°59'14" W, 73°51'57" S
Area
178 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
Edwards Islands are situated west of the southwestern
extremity of Canisteo Peninsula, which projects into the eastern
Amundsen Sea between Ferrero and Cranton Bays on the
Walgreen Coast, Marie Byrd Land. The island group consists of
~20 small islands, many of which are mainly ice free in summer.
Available mapping incorrectly shows many of the islands within
the group as merged together.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present and comprises the larger ice free islands
that are part of the Edwards Islands group and the intervening
marine area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG), ~1420 km to
the northeast in Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Approximately 58 058 breeding pairs (95% CI: 35 879, 95 740) of Adélie Penguin were present on Edwards Islands as
estimated from January 2010 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). The birds breed on the larger ice free islands of
the island group. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) haul out in the area (http://geotracerkitchen.org/ocean2ice/ accessed on
04 Nov 2014).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 283
ANT200: Schaefer Islands
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
103°13'52" W, 73°38'54" S
Area
300 ha
Altitude
Not known
Protection
None
Site description
The Schaefer Islands are situated southwest of the northern
extremity of Canisteo Peninsula, which projects into the eastern
Amundsen Sea between Ferrero and Cranton Bays on the
Walgreen Coast, Marie Byrd Land. Schaefer Islands are situated
~4 km south of Lindsey Islands.
The island group consists of one larger island, ~0.5 km by ~1 km,
and several smaller islands and islets. The islands are relatively
flat and mostly ice free during summer.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises all of the Schaefer Islands group and the intervening
marine area.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG), located approximately 1420 km to the northeast in Marguerite Bay,
Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Approximately 28 033 breeding pairs (CI not available) of Adélie Penguin were present on Schaefer Islands as
estimated from March 2011 satellite imagery (unpublished data, H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014). The colony
breeds on most of the larger islands, mostly on the northern coast. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
No information on other wildlife in the area is available. However, given its close proximity to Lindsey Islands (IBA
ANT204) where Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) occur (Lindsey
1995), these species are also likely to be observed in the Schaefer Islands area.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lindsey, A.A. 1995. The exploration history of the Lindsey Islands, Antarctica, 1928-1994. Proceedings of the Indiana
Academy of Science 104: 85-92.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 284
ANT201: Lindsey Islands
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii, A4iii
Coordinates
103°05'21" W, 73°36'02" S
Area
841 ha
Altitude
0 – 40 m
Protection
None
Site description
The Lindsey Islands are situated west of the northern extremity
of Canisteo Peninsula, which projects into the eastern
Amundsen Sea between Ferrero and Cranton Bays on the
Walgreen Coast, Marie Byrd Land. The island group consists of
one island of several km across in the east, and a smaller island
with several nearby outliers in the west. Some descriptions (e.g.
Lindsey 1995) include the island group ~5 km to the southwest
as within the Lindsey group. However, these are named as the
Schaefer Islands, distinct from the Lindsey Islands, by US place
naming authorities and this convention is followed here.
Available mapping incorrectly shows many of the individual
islands within the group as merged together.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis
adeliae) colony present, and comprises all of the (more narrowly defined) Lindsey Islands group and the intervening
marine area.
The island group is the emergent part of a shelf that is less than 200 m deep, and is formed of granitic rocks. The
islands are relatively flat, the highest point being ~40 m on the largest island. The islands are mostly ice free in
summer (Lindsey 1995), and two small freshwater ponds are present on the largest island.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG),
located ~1450 km to the northeast in Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Approximately 52 670 breeding pairs of Adélie Penguin were present on Lindsey Islands as estimated from March
2011 satellite imagery (unpublished data, H. Lynch & M. LaRue pers. comm. 2014). The colony occupies the eastern
and southeastern coasts of the eastern island, and most of three main outliers and the northern half of the largest of
the western group of islands. South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) are reported to breed on the islands,
although numbers are not known (Lindsey 1995). No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) and Leopard Seals (Hydrurga leptonyx) have been reported in the area
(Lindsey 1995).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Lindsey, A.A. 1995. The exploration history of the Lindsey Islands, Antarctica, 1928-1994. Proceedings of the Indiana
Academy of Science 104: 85-92.
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Ellsworth Land / Bellingshausen Sea
ANT202: Sikorski Glacier, Noville Peninsula
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
98°26'39" W, 71°45'44" S
Area
316 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Sikorski Glacier is located on Noville Peninsula, and flows into
the Bellingshausen Sea between Mount Palmer and Mount
Feury. Noville Peninsula is an ice-covered promontory of ~45 km
in length situated on the northern coast of Thurston Island,
Ellsworth Land, and lies between Peale Inlet and Murphy Inlet,
Bellingshausen Sea. An Emperor Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri)
colony breeds on fast ice north of Sikorski Glacier.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG), located
approximately 1250 km to the north in Marguerite Bay,
Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 17 Nov 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 3568 Emperor
Penguins were present at the colony, although image quality was rated as Poor. No other birds are known to breed in
the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 286
ANT203: Sims Island
IBA criteria
A4iii
Coordinates
78°32'26" W, 73°16'38" S
Area
70 ha
Altitude
0 - 380 m
Protection
None
Site description
Sims Island is a small ice free island of ~1.5 km by ~0.8 km
situated south of Smyley Island and about half-way between
Case Island and Rydberg Peninsula in Caroll Inlet, Bellingshausen
Sea.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the concentration of seabirds
present (in particular Adélie Penguin (Pygoscelis adeliae)) and
comprises all of Sims Island.
Sims Island is of volcanic origin. The southern coast is
dominated by cliffs rising up to 380 m and a small beach on the
northeastern coast provides the only flat ground on the island
(Hathway 2004).
Convey et al. (2011) suggested the island may possess habitat
suitable for vegetation communities, although this needs to be
confirmed by ground survey.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG),
located approximately 710 km to the northwest in Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Approximately 14 784 breeding pairs (95% CI: 8888, 24 254) of Adélie Penguin were present on Sims Island as
estimated from December 2012 satellite imagery (Lynch & LaRue 2014). The penguins breed along the beach on the
northeastern coast of the island. This colony was reported for the first time by Lynch & LaRue (2014), and it is
unknown how long the colony has existed. South Polar Skuas (Catharacta maccormicki) breed on the island, but
numbers are unknown (Convey et al. 2011). No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
None known.
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Convey, P., Hopkins, D.W., Roberts, S.J. & Tyler, N. 2011. Global southern limit of flowering plants and moss peat
accumulation. Polar Research 30. DOI: 10.3402/polar.v30i0.8929.
Hathway, B. 2004. Sims Island: first data from a Pliocene alkaline volcanic centre in eastern Ellsworth Land. Antarctic
Science 13(01): 87-89. doi:10.1017/S095410200100013X
Lynch, H.J. & LaRue, M.A. 2014. First global census of the Adélie Penguin. The Auk 131(4): 457-66. doi:10.1642/AUK-
14-31.1

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 287
ANT204: Scorseby Head, Smyley Island
IBA criteria
A1, A4ii
Coordinates
78°49'47" W, 72°18'00" S
Area
497 ha
Altitude
0 m
Protection
None
Site description
Scorseby Head lies on the northern coast of Smyley Island,
between Stange Sound and Carroll Inlet, Trathan Coast,
Bellingshausen Sea. The Stange Ice Shelf connects the island in
the east with the English Coast, Palmer Land. An Emperor
Penguin (Aptenodytes forsteri) colony breeds on fast ice that
forms on the northern coast of Smyley Island several km east of
Scorseby Head.
The IBA qualifies on the basis of the Emperor Penguin colony
present and is entirely marine.
There are no research stations nearby. The closest permanent
stations are Rothera (GBR) and San Martín (ARG), located
approximately 650 km to the northwest in Marguerite Bay,
Antarctic Peninsula.
Birds
Analysis of a satellite image acquired 12 Nov 2009 (Fretwell et al. 2012) indicated that approximately 6061 Emperor
Penguins were present at the colony. No other birds are known to breed in the area.
Other threatened / endemic wildlife
Southern Elephant Seals (Mirounga leonina) fitted with satellite transmitters at King George Island have been
observed travelling towards the Bellingshausen Sea and remaining on sea ice near Smyley Island (Bornemann et al.
2000).
Conservation issues
None known.
Further reading
Bornemann, H., Kreyscher, M., Ramdohr, S., Martin, T., Carlini, A., Sellmann, L. & Plötz, J. 2000. Southern elephant seal
movements and Antarctic sea ice. Antarctic Science 12(1): 3-15.
Fretwell, P.T., LaRue, M.A., Morin P., Kooyman, G.L., Wienecke, B., Ratcliffe, N., Fox, A.J., Fleming, A.H., Porter, C. &
Trathan, P.N. 2012. An Emperor Penguin population estimate: The first global, synoptic survey of a species
from space. PLoS ONE 7(4): e33751. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0033751

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
Page | 289
Online resources
Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels (ACAP) Data Portal – Southern Giant Petrel.
URL: http://data.acap.aq/taxon_profile.cfm?taxa_code=MAI#P16 – Accessed 02/09/2010.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Brown Bluff:
URL http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Brown_e.pdf – Accessed 10/05/2011.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Cuverville Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Cuverville_e.pdf – Accessed 13/08/2010.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Devil Island:
URL http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Devil_e.pdf – Accessed 10/05/2011.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Half Moon Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Half_moon_e.pdf – Accessed 06/08/2010.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Mawson’s Huts and Cape Denison.
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/2014/Mawson's Huts and Cape Denison_e.pdf – Accessed
06/04/2015.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Paulet Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Paulet_e.pdf – Accessed 06/08/2010.
Antarctic Treaty Visitor Site Guidelines, Penguin Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Penguin_e.pdf – Accessed 06/08/2010.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Petermann Island:
URL http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Petermann_e.pdf – Accessed 10/05/2011.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Shingle Cove:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/shingle_cove_e.pdf – Accessed 05/04/2015.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines: Stonington Island:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Stonington_island_e.pdf – Accessed 06/08/2010.
Antarctic Treaty System Visitor Site Guidelines, Yankee Harbour:
URL: http://www.ats.aq/siteguidelines/documents/Yankee_e.pdf – Accessed 04/08/2010.
British Antarctic Survey, Signy Island Research Station. BAS, Cambridge:
URL: http://www.antarctica.ac.uk/living_and_working/research_stations/signy/ – Accessed 02/09/2010.
Coats, L. 2010. Antarctic field season 2010: update #4: Cape Bird:
URL: http://www.coplateau.com/Update4_Cape_Bird.html – Accessed 30/01/2015.
Council of Managers for National Antarctic Programs (COMNAP). Antarctic Facilities:
URL: https://www.comnap.aq/facilities – Accessed 22/04/2010.
International Association of Antarctic Tour Operators (IAATO). Tourism Statistics:
URL: http://www.iaato.org/tourism_stats.html – Accessed 2010-15.
International Polar Foundation 2015:
URL:http://www.antarcticstation.org/news_press/press_release/newly_discovered_emperor_penguin_colon
y_receives_first_human_visitors – Accessed 25/01/2015.
Palmer LTER project:
URL: http://pal.lternet.edu/ – Accessed 04/08/2010.

Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Important Bird Areas in Antarctica 2015
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Protected and Managed Area Management Plans
Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA)
ASMA No. 1 Admiralty Bay, King George Island: Management Plan 2014.
ASMA No. 4 Deception Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2005. Includes Conservation Strategy for
Historic Site and Monument No. 71, Whalers Bay, Deception Island 2005.
ASMA No. 7 Southwest Anvers Island and Palmer Basin: Management Plan 2009.
Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA)
ASPA No. 101 Taylor Rookery, Mac.Robertson Land: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 102 Rookery Islands, Holme Bay, Mac.Robertson Land: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 103 Ardery Island and Odbert Island, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 104 Sabrina Island, Balleny Islands: Management Plan 2015.
ASPA No. 105 Beaufort Island, McMurdo Sound, Ross Sea: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 106 Cape Hallett, Northern Victoria Land, Ross Sea: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 107 Dion Islands, Marguerite Bay, Antarctic Peninsula: Management Plan 2002.
ASPA No. 109 Moe Island, South Orkney Islands: Management Plan 2007.
ASPA No. 111 Southern Powell Island and adjacent islands, South Orkney Islands: Management Plan 2012.
ASPA No. 113 Litchfield Island, Arthur Harbour, Anvers Island, Antarctic Peninsula: Management Plan 2014.
ASPA No. 116 New College Valley, Caughley Beach, Cape Bird: Management Plan 2011.
ASPA No. 117 Avian Island, off Adelaide Island, Antarctic Peninsula: Management Plan 2013.
ASPA No. 120 Pointe-Géologie Archipelago, Terre Adélie: Management Plan 2011.
ASPA No. 124 Cape Crozier, Ross Island: Management Plan 2014.
ASPA No. 126 Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2002
ASPA No. 127 Haswell Island: Management Plan 2011.
ASPA No. 128 Western shore of Admiralty Bay, King George Island: Management Plan 2014.
ASPA No. 132 Potter Peninsula, King George Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2013.
ASPA No. 133 Harmony Point, Nelson Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2005.
ASPA No. 134 Cierva Point and offshore islands, Danco Coast, Antarctic Peninsula: Management Plan 2006.
ASPA No. 136 Clark Peninsula, Budd Coast, Wilkes Land, East Antarctica: Management Plan 2014.
ASPA No. 140 Parts of Deception Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2005.
ASPA No. 142 Svarthamaren: Management Plan 2014.
ASPA No. 145 Port Foster, Deception Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2005.
ASPA No. 148 Mount Flora, Hope Bay, Antarctic Peninsula: Management Plan 2002.
ASPA No. 149 Cape Shirreff, Livingston Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2011.
ASPA No. 150 Ardley Island, Maxwell Bay, King George Island: Management Plan 2009.
ASPA No. 151 Lions Rump, King George Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2000.
ASPA No. 152 Western Bransfield Strait off Low Island, South Shetland Islands: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 159 Cape Adare, Borchgrevink Coast: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 162 Mawson’s Huts, Cape Denison, Commonwealth Bay, George V Land, East Antarctica: Management Plan 2014.
ASPA No. 164 Scullin and Murray Monoliths, Mac.Robertson Land: Management Plan 2010.
ASPA No. 165 Edmonson Point, Wood Bay, Victoria Land, Ross Sea: Management Plan 2011.
ASPA No. 169 Amanda Bay, Ingrid Christensen Coast, Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica: Management Plan 2014.
ASPA No. 173 Cape Washington and Silverfish Bay, Northern Terra Nova Bay, Ross Sea: Management Plan 2013.
CCAMLR Ecosystem Monitoring Program (CEMP)
CEMP No.1 Seal Islands: Management Plan 2004. CCAMLR Conservation Measure 91-03. (Lapsed 2007).
CEMP No.2 Cape Shirreff and the San Telmo Islands: Management Plan 2004. CCAMLR Conservation Measure 91-02.
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